Unit 1 Penfriends 知识梳理-【上好课】2024-2025学年八年级英语上册同步精品课堂（牛津上海版）

教学目标 1) 词汇：学习U1词汇用法 2) 语法：学习特殊疑问词用法，学习不定冠词a, an用法 3) 阅读：通过阅读书信、电子邮件形式的文章，能够进行书信写作。 4) 写作：书信/电子邮件 教学重点 1）不定冠词a/an用法及其注意事项 2）书信写作的技巧及写作思路。 3）阅读理解的做题技巧并能根据上下文理解全文大意，完成相关练习题。 Unit1 Penfriends 知识梳理 教学重难点 8A U1词汇详解 知识点一 根据中文写出相应的英文。 1. corner n. 角落 E.g. 1) A cupboard sits in a ________ of the room. 房间的一角立着一只橱柜。 2) People arrived from ________ ________ of the world. 人们纷纷从世界各处抵达。 3) The flowers are ________ ________ _______ of the room. 那些花在房间的角落里。 4) The box is ________ _________ ________ of the desk. 盒子放在桌角上。 5) Be careful when you are _______ ________ ______ of the street. 在街道拐角的地方要小心。 【答案】1) corner 2) all corners 3) in the corner 4) on the corner 5) at the corner 2. own v. 拥有 E.g 1) Mary ________ a nice cat. 玛丽拥有一只可爱的猫咪。 2) Everyone has his _______ ______. 每个人都有自己的爱好。 3) He is his _______ man and she is her _______ woman. 每个人都是自己的主人。 【答案】1) owns 2) own hobbies 3) own, own 3. keen adj. 喜爱的，有兴趣的，锋利的，激烈的 E.g. 1) I ______ _______ _____ Jay Chou’s songs. 我很喜欢周杰伦的歌。 2) The knife has a ________ edge. 这把刀刀口锋利。 3) That is a ________ football match. 那是一场激烈的足球赛。 【答案】1) am keen on 2) keen 3) keen 4. ambition n. 志向 E.g. 1) He is always full of _________. 他总是雄心勃勃。 2) One of his _________ is to become the president of the company. 他的抱负之一是成为该公司的总裁。 【答案】1) ambition 2) ambitions 5. height n. 高度 E.g. 1) The tree grew to a _________ of 20 feet. 那棵树长到20英尺高。 2) He is two metres _________ __________. 他身高两米。 【答案】1) height 2) in height 6. dream n./v 梦，做梦 E.g. 1) He realized the ________ of his life time. 他实现了毕生的愿望。 2) I ________ about my hometown. 我梦见了家乡。 3) He __________ of becoming a film star when he was young. 他年轻的时候梦想成为电影明星。 【答案】1) dream 2) dreamt/ dreamed 3) dreamt/dreamed 语法：特殊疑问句&不定冠词 点 知识点二 8A U1语法重点 ①特殊疑问句; 疑问词 意义 例句 问事物、职业、姓名、时间、班级等 What is your father?—He is a policeman. 问具体时刻 What time do you have class? 问时间 When will you get home?—This evening. 问原因 Why were you late again? 问地点 Where did you put it? 问人 Who is standing there? 问人（宾） With whom are you going? 问谁的 Whose watch is it? 问定语、问哪一个 Which girl is your friend? 问方式、程度、健康、天气等 How is the weather today? 问年龄 How old is your grandfather? 问长度或时间段 How long have you lived here? 问频率 How often do you exercise? 问多久以后 How soon will you come here? 问数量和价格 How much are they? 问距离 How far is it from your home to school? 【答案】What What time when Why Where Who Whom Whose Which How How old How long How often How soon How many/much How far Practice I. Ask questions according to the underlined part in each sentence. (对划线部分提问，每空格限填一词。) 1. I was born in 1980. __________ __________ you born? 2. Mr. Black goes to Shanghai Library once a week. __________ __________ does Mr. Black go to Shanghai Library? 3. We should set off in 10 minutes. __________ __________ __________ we set off？ 4. They like to go for walks in the fields and forests. __________ __________ they like to go for walks? 5. He went to Beijing by plane last week. __________ __________ he go to Beijing last week? 【答案】1.When were 2.How often 3.How soon should 4.Where do 5.How did ②不定冠词a/an 不定冠词包括a和an，位于单数可数名词前，表示“一（个），一（种），每一（个）”的含义。 a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，如a monkey , a university, a one-eyed cat； an用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如an umbrella , an honest girl 用法 举例 ①表示某一类人或事物 A dog is an animal. ②表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个 The e-mail is from an architect of a famous company. ③泛指某人或某物，未具体说明是何人或何物 A professor from Fudan University will give us a speech at the school hall tomorrow. ④表示数量“一” My brother bought a new car last week. ⑤表示“每一个” She used to write home once a week. ⑥用于某些固定搭配中 in a hurry 匆忙地 have/take a look看一看 have/take a rest have a good time 玩得愉快 in a word 总而言之 have a cold 感冒 Practice I. Complete the sentences with a or an. (用a或an完成下列句子) 1. There is __________ “r” and __________ “u” in the word “rush”. 2. The workers have built __________ 18-meter-wide road to the station. 3. Kate have got __________ headache and __________ cough. Perhaps she has caught __________ cold. 4. It took him __________ hour and __________ half to finish his homework. 5. Tom is __________ English boy. He has __________ uncle. His uncle works in __________ university. 6. Alice works in __________ bank. 7. Can I ask you __________ question? 8. There was __________ interesting programme on TV last night. 9. Shall we go out for __________ walk now? 10. Spain is __________ European Country with __________ long history. 【答案】1. an…a 2. an 3. a…a…a 4. an…a 5. an…an…a 6. a 7. a 8. an 9. a 10. a…a 阅读书信 知识点三 书信写作要求： 1. 正确书写地址 在信纸的右上角常出现的是写信人的地址，而收信人的地址则出现在信封上。 2. 正确书写结尾谦称 结尾谦称通常用：Yours, Yours faithfully, Yours sincerely等等。 3. 正确书写开头与结尾 开头重互动，结尾重回复。 4. 使用非正式语言 非正式预言不是完全口语化，而是介于正式书面语言和口头语言之间。 Practice 一、单项选择 1．Jack is ________ excellent student, and he can play ________ chess well. A．a; the B．an; the C．an; / D．a; / 2．Marry lives ________ healthy life. She exercises for ________ hour every evening. A．a; an B．a; a C．an; a D．an; an 3．My People, My Motherland is ________ educational movie. It tells the changes of China in the past forty years. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．Tara is ________ tall girl _______ long hair. A．a, has B．a, with C．a, of D．a, in 5．—Have you seen ________ TV programme I Volunteer? —Yes. I have never seen such ________ educational programme. A．a; the B．the; an C．the; a D．an; an 6．—Health is so important for us. So ________ do you exercise? —I exercise about three times a week. A．how long B．how far C．how soon D．how often 7．— ______ do you eat ice-cream? — Never. I don’t like it. A．How many B．How much C．How long D．How often 8．— _______ are you feeling today? —I am feeling terrible. And I want to have a rest. A．How long B．How C．How often D．What 9．—______ does the baby panda weigh? —Its ______ is 50kg. A．How much; weight B．How heavy; weight C．How much; weigh D．How heavy; weigh 10．—________ do you visit your grandparents? —Once a month. A．How long B．How far C．How often D．How much 参考答案： 1．C 【详解】句意：杰克是一个优秀的学生，他下棋下得很好。 考查冠词的用法。the这个/那个，定冠词表特指；an一个，不定冠词表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；a一个，不定冠词表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前。第一空表示泛指“一名优秀的学生”，应用不定冠词，“excellent”是元音音素开头的单词，应用an修饰；play chess“下国际象棋”，是固定短语，中间不加冠词。故选C。 2．A 【详解】句意：玛丽过着健康的生活。她每天晚上锻炼一个小时。 考查冠词。第一个空，泛指一种健康的生活，healthy是以辅音音素/h/开头，用a修饰；第二个空，泛指一小时，hour是以元音音素/au/开头，用an修饰。故选A。 3．B 【详解】句意：《我和我的祖国》是一部有教育意义的电影。它讲述了中国在过去四十年发生的变化。 考查冠词用法。a或an是不定冠词，修饰可数名词单数，表泛指，an用于元音音素前，a用于辅音音素前；the是定冠词，修饰名词表特指；/零冠词。根据句意可知，空格处应表示泛指“一部教育电影”，educational是元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故选B。 4．B 【详解】句意：塔拉是一个长头发的高个子女孩。 考查冠词及词义辨析。a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；has有，动词；with有，介词；of……的； in在……里面。根据句意可知，此处泛指一个高个子女孩，tall是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a；分析句子结构可知，第二个空用介词，根据句意可知，此处表示人的特征，用with表伴随。故选B。 5．B 【详解】句意：——你看过电视节目《志愿者》吗？——是的。我从未见过这样的教育节目。 考查冠词辨析。a和an是不定冠词，表示泛指，意为“一个”，a用于发音以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于发音以元音音素开头的单词前；the是定冠词，表示特指，意为“这个；那个”。根据“Have you seen…TV programme I Volunteer? —Yes. I have never seen such…educational programme.”可知，第一个空表示特指，应用定冠词the，第二个空表示泛指，并且educational的发音以元音音素开头，第二个空应用an。故选B。 6．D 【详解】句意：——健康对我们来说非常重要。那么你多久锻炼一次呢？——我每周锻炼大约三次。 考查特殊疑问句。how long多长时间；how far多远；how soon多久之后；how often多久一次。根据“I exercise about three times a week”可知此处询问频率，疑问词用how often。故选D。 7．D 【详解】句意：——你多久吃一次冰淇淋？——从不，我不喜欢它。 考查特殊疑问句。How many多少；How much多少；How long多长；How often多久一次。根据答句“Never.”可知，答句回答了频率，因此问句应对频率进行提问，用how often。故选D。 8．B 【详解】——你今天感觉怎么样？——我感觉很糟糕。我想休息一下。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多长时间；How怎么样；How often多久一次；What什么。根据“I am feeling terrible.”可知，问句提问“感觉怎么样”。故选B。 9．A 【详解】句意：——这只熊猫宝宝有多重？——它的重量是50公斤。 考查特殊疑问句和名词。How heavy多重；How much多少，修饰不可数名词；weigh重，称……重量，动词；weight重量，体重，名词。根据“…does the baby panda weigh?”可知，第一个空询问熊猫体重是多少，应用How much；第二个空前“Its”意为“它的”，修饰名词。故选A。 10．C 【详解】句意：——你多久去看望一次你的祖父母？——一个月一次。 考查特殊疑问句。How long 多久，提问时间段；How far 多远，提问距离；How often 多久一次；How much 多少。根据答语“Once a month”可知，应问的是多久一次，故选C。 二、单词拼写 11．Do you know the (high) of the tallest man in the world, Daddy? 12．What a large and beautiful house! I think its (own) must be very rich (富有的). 13．You look tired, Mike. Why not (go) to bed early tonight? 14．Why don’t you sit down and (communicate) with your parents when you disagree with them? 15．What he (print)? Let’s go and have a look. 16．Why not (ask) Mr Hu for help? Maybe he knows it. 17．My parents spent 5 hours (tie) all the packages. 18．Why not (take) more photos during the trip? 11．height 【详解】句意：爸爸，你知道世界上最高的人的身高吗？“the+名词”表示特指；high“高的”，是形容词，其名词为height“高度”。故填height。 12．owner 【详解】句意：多漂亮的大房子啊！我认为它的主人肯定很富有。分析句子结构， I think后加宾语从句，空处缺少宾语从句的主语，its“它的”，为形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，结合汉语提示词own“拥有”，名词为owner“主人”。故填owner。 13．go 【详解】句意：你看起来很累，Mike。今晚为什么不早点睡觉呢？go“去”，动词。go to bed“去睡觉”，动词短语。“Why not”后接动词原形，故填go。 14．communicate 【详解】句意：当你不同意父母的意见时，为什么不坐下来和他们交流呢？Why don’t you do sth“为什么不做某事”，使用动词原形，故填communicate。 15． is printing 【详解】句意：他正在打印什么？让我们去看一看。根据“Let’s go and have a look.”可知，他正在打印东西，应使用现在进行时，结构为be doing，句中主语是he，be动词使用is，动词print的现在分词形式为printing，该句为特殊疑问句，be动词置于主语之前。故填is；printing。 16．ask 【详解】句意：为什么不请胡先生帮忙呢？也许他知道。Why not do sth.? “为什么不干某事”，固定句型。故填ask。 17．tying 【详解】句意：我父母花了5个小时把所有的包裹捆起来。spend...doing sth“花费时间做某事”，此处用动名词形式，tie变成ing形式是ie变成y，再加ing，故填tying。 18．take 【详解】句意：何不在旅行时多拍些照片呢？take“（与名词连用，代替意义更为具体的动词）拍摄”，动词。根据表示建议的固定句式“Why not do sth.?”可知，此处应用动词原形。故填take。 三、阅读理解 What do pen pals (笔友) write in the letters? In the children’s letters, they often write about their school days, hobbies, and favorite stars. They may be from different countries, and they may have lots of things to tell their pen pals. Some of them also send letters with their photos, and then their friends can “see” their life. Many Chinese children are amazed to see their American friends are so free (自由) and relaxed at school. They don’t have much homework. They are also amazed to see American students go to school in all kinds of funny clothes. The American students are amazed to see their Chinese friends are good at all subjects. They think Chinese words are too difficult, but their Chinese friends can write them well. Pen pals can know many new things from the letters. So they often write to each other. 19．Pen pals often write about ________ in their letters. A．school days B．hobbies (爱好) C．favorite stars D．all above (以上全部) 20．Some of the pen pals also send ________ in their letters, and then their friends can “see” their life. A．stamps (邮票) B．food C．photos D．clothes 21．According to the passage, American students wear ________ to go to school. A．school uniforms B．only T-shirts C．only jeans D．all kinds of funny clothes 22．The American students think Chinese words are too ________. A．easy B．difficult C．interesting D．beautiful 23．The underlined word “amazed” means “________” in Chinese. A．惊讶的 B．愉快的 C．困难的 D．愚昧的 19．D 20．C 21．D 22．B 23．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国和外国笔友们在信中写的内容。 19．细节理解题。根据“In the children’s letters, they often write about their school days, hobbies, and favorite stars.”可知，他们经常写他们的学校时光，爱好和最喜欢的明星。故选D。 20．细节理解题。根据“Some of them also send letters with their photos, and then their friends can ‘see’ their life.”可知，一些笔友还在信中发送自己的照片，然后他们的朋友可以“看到”他们的生活。故选C。 21．细节理解题。根据“They are also amazed to see American students go to school in all kinds of funny clothes.”可知，美国学生穿各种各样有趣的衣服去上学。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据“They think Chinese words are too difficult, but their Chinese friends can write them well.”可知，美国学生认为汉语单词太难了。故选B。 23．词义猜测题。根据“Many Chinese children are amazed to see their American friends are so free (自由) and relaxed at school.”可知，许多中国孩子惊讶地看到他们的美国朋友在学校如此自由和放松。因此划线单词的意思是“惊讶的”。故选A。 四、完形填空 A friend walks in when the rest of the world walks out.” Sometimes in life, you find a special friend： Someone who changes your life just by being part of it; Someone who makes you laugh until you can’t stop; Someone who makes you believe that there really is good in the world; Someone who convinces(使相信) you that there really is an unlocked door just waiting for you to 24 it. This is Forever Friendship. When you’re down and the world seems dark and empty, your forever friend lifts you up in spirits and makes that dark and empty world suddenly seem bright and 25 . Your forever friend gets you 26 the hard times and the sad times. If you turn and walk away, your forever friend follows. If you 1ose your way, your forever friend guides you, encourages you, holds your 27 and tells you that everything is going to be OK. And if you find such a friend, you feel happy, because you 28 not worry. A true friend is someone who gives you a hand and touches your heart. 24．A．open B．close C．break D．repair 25．A．natural B．full C．funny D．proud 26．A．around B．below C．through D．beside 27．A．head B．hand C．heart D．back 28．A．need B．must C．may D．can 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．A 【导语】本文讲述的是永恒的友谊会帮助我们很多。 24．句意：他会让你确信，真的有一扇不加锁的门，在等待着你去开启。 open打开；close关闭；break打破；repair修理。根据“there really is an unlocked door just waiting for you to …it.”可知指的是有一扇不加锁的门，在等待着你去开启。故选A。 25．句意：当你失意， 当世界变得黯淡与空虚， 你真正的朋友会让你振作起来，原本黯淡、空虚的世界顿时变得明亮和充实。 natural自然的；full满的；funny有趣的；proud自豪的。根据“makes that dark and empty world suddenly seem bright and…”可知空处填“empty”的对应词“full”，故选B。 26．句意：你真正的朋友会与你一同度过困难、悲伤的时刻。 around大约；below在下面；through通过；beside在旁边。根据“Your forever friend gets you…the hard times and the sad times.”可知此处指的是度过困难、悲伤的时刻，故选C。 27．句意：你迷失方向时，真正的朋友会引导你，鼓励你，真正的朋友会握着你的手，告诉你一切都会好起来的。 head头；hand手；heart心脏；back背部。短语holds your hand意为“握着你的手”，故选B。 28．句意：如果你找到这样的朋友，你会感到幸福，因为你不必担心。 need需要；must必须；may可能；can可能。根据“A true friend is someone who gives you a hand and touches your heart.”真正的朋友是指向你伸出手，触动你的心的人，可知此处指的是“你不必担心”，need not意为“不必”。故选A。 五、短文填空 Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。) Hi Chris, How are you? Thanks for your email. I read it yesterday. So, here I’m in an internet cafe, w 29 to you! I’m happy to tell you what you wanted to know—I’m mad about country music. I’ve been a country music fan for two years, since I h 30 Faith Hill on the radio—she’s great! I think her best song is “It Matters to Me”. Some of my friends think I’m s 31 —they listen to bands like Elbow and Arctic Monkeys. They’re OK of course, but I p 32 listening to Garth Brooks and Willie Nelson. I spend nearly all my money on country CDs. I like country music because the singers have got great v 33 and the lyrics (歌词) are usually good too. Some people think that country music’s all the same, but they’re wrong! There are lots of different kinds of songs—romantic ones, fast ones—just like any other kind of music. I listen to country music nearly all the time. I usually listen on headphones, but sometimes my friends come round to my place and we listen t 34 on my iPod. I have to go. Please write to me soon. Love, Sandy 29．(w)riting 30．(h)eard 31．(s)trange 32．(p)refer 33．(v)oices 34．(t)ogether 【导语】本文是一封电子邮件，邮件中作者介绍了自己喜欢的音乐。 29．句意：所以，我在网吧里给你写信！根据“So, here I’m in an internet cafe,...to you!”及首字母提示，可知此处指作者在网吧写信，使用动词write“写”的现在分词形式，表示进行，作伴随状语。故填(w)riting。 30．句意：自从我在收音机里听到费丝·希尔的歌以来，我已经是乡村音乐迷两年了——她很棒！根据“I’ve been a country music fan for two years, since I...Faith Hill on the radio”及首字母提示，可知此处指听到费思·希尔的歌，使用动词hear“听到”，since引导的从句需使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故填(h)eard。 31．句意：我的一些朋友觉得我很奇怪——他们听Elbow和北极猴子这样的乐队。根据“Some of my friends think I’m...—they listen to bands like Elbow and Arctic Monkeys.”及首字母提示，可知此处指作者的朋友觉得作者很奇怪，使用形容词strange“奇怪的”，作表语。故填(s)trange。 32．句意：他们当然没问题，但我更喜欢听加思·布鲁克斯和威利·纳尔逊的歌。根据“They’re OK of course, but I...listening to Garth Brooks and Willie Nelson.”及首字母提示，可知此处指作者更喜欢听加思·布鲁克斯和威利·纳尔逊的歌，使用动词prefer“更喜欢”，此处描述作者的喜欢，使用一般现在时，主语是第一人称，动词使用原形即可。故填(p)refer。 33．句意：我喜欢乡村音乐，因为歌手们的嗓音很好，歌词通常也很好。根据“I like country music because the singers have got great...and the lyrics (歌词) are usually good too.”及首字母提示，可知此处指歌手们的嗓音很好，使用名词voice“嗓音”的复数形式。故填(v)oices。 34．句意：我通常用耳机听，但有时我的朋友会来我家，我们一起用我的iPod听。根据“...sometimes my friends come round to my place and we listen...on my iPod.”及首字母提示，可知此处指作者和朋友们一起听歌，使用副词together“一起”，修饰动词。故填(t)ogether。 六、任务型阅读 回答问题 Should friends be different or the same? Different people have different ideas. I like to have friends who are similar to me. Both my best friend Linda and I like traveling(旅行). We went to Italy with our family last summer holiday. We stayed there for two weeks. —Susan I like to have friends who are different from me. I am quiet and I like reading very much. But my best friend Betty likes sports. She plays tennis very well.                      —Mary I like to have friends who are like me. I’m a little quiet and my good friend Rick is quiet, too. We often watch TV on weekends. Sometimes I don’t know what to do with my problems and he can tell me what I should do, because he knows about me better than people who are different from me. —Peter I have both kinds of friends. I think it is important. That makes my life more interesting. —Bill 35．Where did Susan go last summer holiday? 36．How long did Susan stay in Italy? 37．What sport is Betty good at? 38．When does Peter often watch TV with Rick? 39．Does Bill think it’s important to have both kinds of friends? 35．Italy. 36．She stayed there for two weeks. 37．She is good at playing tennis. 38．He often watches TV on weekends with Rick. 39．Yes, he does. 【导语】本文是几位同学就“朋友应该是不同还是相同”这一话题，发表了自己的观点。 35．根据“We went to Italy with our family last summer holiday.”可知，Susan去年暑假去了意大利。故填Italy. 36．根据“We stayed there for two weeks.”可知，她在意大利待了两周。故填She stayed there for two weeks. 37．根据“But my best friend Betty likes sports. She plays tennis very well.”可知，Betty擅长打网球。故填She is good at playing tennis. 38．根据“We often watch TV on weekends.”可知，他们在周末看电视。故填He often watches TV on weekends with Rick. 39．根据“I have both kinds of friends. I think it is important.”可知，他认为两种类型的朋友都很重要，故作肯定回答。故填Yes, he does. 七、书面表达 40．假如你是陆让，是江宜中学的一名学生，你最近新交了一个美国笔友 Steve。请根据以下信息给 Steve写一封信，向他介绍一下你的生活方式并和他探讨一下读书的益处。 写作要点： 1.和他成为笔友的心情 (开心)； 2.介绍自己的个人信息 性别及班级：男，八年一班； 生活习惯： 每天早上跑步， 从不熬夜也不吃垃圾食品； 爱好： 读书； 3.至少介绍两点读书的好处。 Dear Steve, Long time no see, how are you doing?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I am looking forward to your reply. Yours, Lu Rang 40．例文： Dear Steve, Long time no see, how are you doing? Glad to be your pen pal. I am a boy in Jiangyi Middle School. I am in Class One, Grade Eight. I run every morning. I never stay up and eat junk food. My favorite hobby is reading. Let me tell you some benefits of reading. First, we can increase our knowledge. We can learn much from books. The more books we read, the more we will learn. Second, we can learn about the world without going out. It is important to read books for every student. I am looking forward to your reply. Yours, Lu Rang 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏提示中的要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，先表达和他成为笔友很开心，并介绍自己的个人信息，包括性别、班级、生活习惯、爱好等； 第二步，介绍读的好处，例如增加我们的知识，让我们足不出户就能了解世界等； 第三步，书写结束语，表达期待收到对方的回信。 [亮点词汇] ①stay up 熬夜 ②increase our knowledge 增加我们的知识 ③learn about 了解 ④look forward to 期待 [高分句型] The more books we read, the more we will learn.（the+比较级……，the+比较级……的用法） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 教学目标 1) 词汇：学习U1词汇用法 2) 语法：学习特殊疑问词用法，学习不定冠词a, an用法 3) 阅读：通过阅读书信、电子邮件形式的文章，能够进行书信写作。 4) 写作：书信/电子邮件 教学重点 1）不定冠词a/an用法及其注意事项 2）书信写作的技巧及写作思路。 3）阅读理解的做题技巧并能根据上下文理解全文大意，完成相关练习题。 Unit1 Penfriends 知识梳理 教学重难点 8A U1词汇详解 根据中文写出相应的英文。 1. corner n. 角落 E.g. 1) A cupboard sits in a ________ of the room. 房间的一角立着一只橱柜。 2) People arrived from ________ ________ of the world. 人们纷纷从世界各处抵达。 3) The flowers are ________ ________ _______ of the room. 那些花在房间的角落里。 4) The box is ________ _________ ________ of the desk. 盒子放在桌角上。 5) Be careful when you are _______ ________ ______ of the street. 在街道拐角的地方要小心。 2. own v. 拥有 E.g 1) Mary ________ a nice cat. 玛丽拥有一只可爱的猫咪。 2) Everyone has his _______ ______. 每个人都有自己的爱好。 3) He is his _______ man and she is her _______ woman. 每个人都是自己的主人。 3. keen adj. 喜爱的，有兴趣的，锋利的，激烈的 E.g. 1) I ______ _______ _____ Jay Chou’s songs. 我很喜欢周杰伦的歌。 2) The knife has a ________ edge. 这把刀刀口锋利。 3) That is a ________ football match. 那是一场激烈的足球赛。 4. ambition n. 志向 E.g. 1) He is always full of _________. 他总是雄心勃勃。 2) One of his _________ is to become the president of the company. 他的抱负之一是成为该公司的总裁。 5. height n. 高度 E.g. 1) The tree grew to a _________ of 20 feet. 那棵树长到20英尺高。 2) He is two metres _________ __________. 他身高两米。 6. dream n./v 梦，做梦 E.g. 1) He realized the ________ of his life time. 他实现了毕生的愿望。 2) I ________ about my hometown. 我梦见了家乡。 3) He __________ of becoming a film star when he was young. 他年轻的时候梦想成为电影明星。 语法：特殊疑问句&不定冠词 点 知识点二 8A U1语法重点 ①特殊疑问句; 疑问词 意义 例句 问事物、职业、姓名、时间、班级等 What is your father?—He is a policeman. 问具体时刻 What time do you have class? 问时间 When will you get home?—This evening. 问原因 Why were you late again? 问地点 Where did you put it? 问人 Who is standing there? 问人（宾） With whom are you going? 问谁的 Whose watch is it? 问定语、问哪一个 Which girl is your friend? 问方式、程度、健康、天气等 How is the weather today? 问年龄 How old is your grandfather? 问长度或时间段 How long have you lived here? 问频率 How often do you exercise? 问多久以后 How soon will you come here? 问数量和价格 How much are they? 问距离 How far is it from your home to school? Practice I. Ask questions according to the underlined part in each sentence. (对划线部分提问，每空格限填一词。) 1. I was born in 1980. __________ __________ you born? 2. Mr. Black goes to Shanghai Library once a week. __________ __________ does Mr. Black go to Shanghai Library? 3. We should set off in 10 minutes. __________ __________ __________ we set off？ 4. They like to go for walks in the fields and forests. __________ __________ they like to go for walks? 5. He went to Beijing by plane last week. __________ __________ he go to Beijing last week? ②不定冠词a/an 不定冠词包括a和an，位于单数可数名词前，表示“一（个），一（种），每一（个）”的含义。 a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，如a onkey , a niversity, a ne-eyed cat； an用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如an mbrella , an nest girl 用法 举例 ①表示某一类人或事物 dog is animal. ②表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个 The e-mail is from architect of famous company. ③泛指某人或某物，未具体说明是何人或何物 professor from Fudan University will give us speech at the school hall tomorrow. ④表示数量“一” My brother bought new car last week. ⑤表示“每一个” She used to write home once week. ⑥用于某些固定搭配中 in hurry 匆忙地 have/take look看一看 have/take rest have good time 玩得愉快 in word 总而言之 have cold 感冒 Practice I. Complete the sentences with a or an. (用a或an完成下列句子) 1. There is __________ “r” and __________ “u” in the word “rush”. 2. The workers have built __________ 18-meter-wide road to the station. 3. Kate have got __________ headache and __________ cough. Perhaps she has caught __________ cold. 4. It took him __________ hour and __________ half to finish his homework. 5. Tom is __________ English boy. He has __________ uncle. His uncle works in __________ university. 6. Alice works in __________ bank. 7. Can I ask you __________ question? 8. There was __________ interesting programme on TV last night. 9. Shall we go out for __________ walk now? 10. Spain is __________ European Country with __________ long history. 阅读书信 书信写作要求： 1. 正确书写地址 在信纸的右上角常出现的是写信人的地址，而收信人的地址则出现在信封上。 2. 正确书写结尾谦称 结尾谦称通常用：Yours, Yours faithfully, Yours sincerely等等。 3. 正确书写开头与结尾 开头重互动，结尾重回复。 4. 使用非正式语言 非正式预言不是完全口语化，而是介于正式书面语言和口头语言之间。 Practice 一、单项选择 1．Jack is ________ excellent student, and he can play ________ chess well. A．a; the B．an; the C．an; / D．a; / 2．Marry lives ________ healthy life. She exercises for ________ hour every evening. A．a; an B．a; a C．an; a D．an; an 3．My People, My Motherland is ________ educational movie. It tells the changes of China in the past forty years. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．Tara is ________ tall girl _______ long hair. A．a, has B．a, with C．a, of D．a, in 5．—Have you seen ________ TV programme I Volunteer? —Yes. I have never seen such ________ educational programme. A．a; the B．the; an C．the; a D．an; an 6．—Health is so important for us. So ________ do you exercise? —I exercise about three times a week. A．how long B．how far C．how soon D．how often 7．— ______ do you eat ice-cream? — Never. I don’t like it. A．How many B．How much C．How long D．How often 8．— _______ are you feeling today? —I am feeling terrible. And I want to have a rest. A．How long B．How C．How often D．What 9．—______ does the baby panda weigh? —Its ______ is 50kg. A．How much; weight B．How heavy; weight C．How much; weigh D．How heavy; weigh 10．—________ do you visit your grandparents? —Once a month. A．How long B．How far C．How often D．How much 二、单词拼写 11．Do you know the (high) of the tallest man in the world, Daddy? 12．What a large and beautiful house! I think its (own) must be very rich (富有的). 13．You look tired, Mike. Why not (go) to bed early tonight? 14．Why don’t you sit down and (communicate) with your parents when you disagree with them? 15．What he (print)? Let’s go and have a look. 16．Why not (ask) Mr Hu for help? Maybe he knows it. 17．My parents spent 5 hours (tie) all the packages. 18．Why not (take) more photos during the trip? 三、阅读理解 What do pen pals (笔友) write in the letters? In the children’s letters, they often write about their school days, hobbies, and favorite stars. They may be from different countries, and they may have lots of things to tell their pen pals. Some of them also send letters with their photos, and then their friends can “see” their life. Many Chinese children are amazed to see their American friends are so free (自由) and relaxed at school. They don’t have much homework. They are also amazed to see American students go to school in all kinds of funny clothes. The American students are amazed to see their Chinese friends are good at all subjects. They think Chinese words are too difficult, but their Chinese friends can write them well. Pen pals can know many new things from the letters. So they often write to each other. 19．Pen pals often write about ________ in their letters. A．school days B．hobbies (爱好) C．favorite stars D．all above (以上全部) 20．Some of the pen pals also send ________ in their letters, and then their friends can “see” their life. A．stamps (邮票) B．food C．photos D．clothes 21．According to the passage, American students wear ________ to go to school. A．school uniforms B．only T-shirts C．only jeans D．all kinds of funny clothes 22．The American students think Chinese words are too ________. A．easy B．difficult C．interesting D．beautiful 23．The underlined word “amazed” means “________” in Chinese. A．惊讶的 B．愉快的 C．困难的 D．愚昧的 四、完形填空 A friend walks in when the rest of the world walks out.” Sometimes in life, you find a special friend： Someone who changes your life just by being part of it; Someone who makes you laugh until you can’t stop; Someone who makes you believe that there really is good in the world; Someone who convinces(使相信) you that there really is an unlocked door just waiting for you to 24 it. This is Forever Friendship. When you’re down and the world seems dark and empty, your forever friend lifts you up in spirits and makes that dark and empty world suddenly seem bright and 25 . Your forever friend gets you 26 the hard times and the sad times. If you turn and walk away, your forever friend follows. If you 1ose your way, your forever friend guides you, encourages you, holds your 27 and tells you that everything is going to be OK. And if you find such a friend, you feel happy, because you 28 not worry. A true friend is someone who gives you a hand and touches your heart. 24．A．open B．close C．break D．repair 25．A．natural B．full C．funny D．proud 26．A．around B．below C．through D．beside 27．A．head B．hand C．heart D．back 28．A．need B．must C．may D．can 五、短文填空 Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。) Hi Chris, How are you? Thanks for your email. I read it yesterday. So, here I’m in an internet cafe, w 29 to you! I’m happy to tell you what you wanted to know—I’m mad about country music. I’ve been a country music fan for two years, since I h 30 Faith Hill on the radio—she’s great! I think her best song is “It Matters to Me”. Some of my friends think I’m s 31 —they listen to bands like Elbow and Arctic Monkeys. They’re OK of course, but I p 32 listening to Garth Brooks and Willie Nelson. I spend nearly all my money on country CDs. I like country music because the singers have got great v 33 and the lyrics (歌词) are usually good too. Some people think that country music’s all the same, but they’re wrong! There are lots of different kinds of songs—romantic ones, fast ones—just like any other kind of music. I listen to country music nearly all the time. I usually listen on headphones, but sometimes my friends come round to my place and we listen t 34 on my iPod. I have to go. Please write to me soon. Love, Sandy 六、任务型阅读 回答问题 Should friends be different or the same? Different people have different ideas. I like to have friends who are similar to me. Both my best friend Linda and I like traveling(旅行). We went to Italy with our family last summer holiday. We stayed there for two weeks. —Susan I like to have friends who are different from me. I am quiet and I like reading very much. But my best friend Betty likes sports. She plays tennis very well.                      —Mary I like to have friends who are like me. I’m a little quiet and my good friend Rick is quiet, too. We often watch TV on weekends. Sometimes I don’t know what to do with my problems and he can tell me what I should do, because he knows about me better than people who are different from me. —Peter I have both kinds of friends. I think it is important. That makes my life more interesting. —Bill 35．Where did Susan go last summer holiday? 36．How long did Susan stay in Italy? 37．What sport is Betty good at? 38．When does Peter often watch TV with Rick? 39．Does Bill think it’s important to have both kinds of friends? 七、书面表达 40．假如你是陆让，是江宜中学的一名学生，你最近新交了一个美国笔友 Steve。请根据以下信息给 Steve写一封信，向他介绍一下你的生活方式并和他探讨一下读书的益处。 写作要点： 1.和他成为笔友的心情 (开心)； 2.介绍自己的个人信息 性别及班级：男，八年一班； 生活习惯： 每天早上跑步， 从不熬夜也不吃垃圾食品； 爱好： 读书； 3.至少介绍两点读书的好处。 Dear Steve, Long time no see, how are you doing?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I am looking forward to your reply. Yours, Lu Rang 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$