2024年山东省潍坊市寿光市九年级中考二模英语试题

山东省潍坊市寿光市 2024年 九年级中考二模英语试题 一、阅读理解阅读下面语篇,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 1.(6分) (1)What does the underlined word "direct"mean in the dialogue? A.监督 B.管理 C.指路 D.指挥 (2)What can we infer from the dialogue? A.Dan's parents may be travel lovers. B.Travelling in Canada is expensive. C.Dan was blind when he was seven. D.Dan will travel to Europe next time. (3)In which newspaper column can you most possibly find the dialogue? A.Travel guide. B.Education and society. C.Health and environment. D.Character stories. 2.(8分)The Yellow River is known as the mother river of the Chinese people.However,flood control and disaster forecasts(灾害预报) of the river have always been challenging for people.Now,scientists can better work on these problems by giving the river a digital twin. The digital twin of the Yellow River uses different kinds of technologies,including big data,artificial intelligence and the internet of things.Devices(设备) are set up along the river to collect and transmit(传送)information to the center.Based on the information,a 3 D model of the river is showed on the computer screen.It's like the Yellow River has a twin that describes its real conditions. One big thing in the digital governance(治理)is"smart stones".A smart stone is a detector(探测器)with chips,a battery,and a signal transmitter.They are put in important dikes(堤坝)to record and report the movement of dike stones.If it feels any movement of the dike stones,it will send an alarm to the center for quick response. In the sky,there are flying drones(无人机).They are designed to look at the river,its dikes and flood prevention projects.The drones provide researchers with photos and information.The researchers use this information to update a 3 D model to watch the changes of water to avoid disasters. Under the water and up in the sky,intelligent systems are helping to protect the Yellow River.According to the Ministry of Water Resources,in the future,we can expect to see an even more complete digital system for the river. (1)What does the digital twin of the Yellow River do? A.To warn people to protect Yellow River. B.To improve flood control and disaster prevention. C.To do research with the history of the Yellow River. D.To collect and transmit information to tourist center. (2)What are "smart stones"in this system used to do? A.To repair the dikes along the river. B.To prevent the dike stones moving into the river. C.To monitor and report the movement of dike stones. D.To send pictures of the stones along the dikes to the center. (3)What do fly drones used for? A.They are used for telling weather changes. B.They are used for carrying goods across the river. C.They are used for saving people who fall into the river. D.They are used for sending photos and information to researchers. (4)What is the main idea of this passage? A.The Yellow River is the origin of Chinese culture. B.The digital twin is helping protect the Yellow River better. C.The Yellow River will avoid disasters with the digital twin. D.The Yellow River is facing flood and disasters all the time. 3.(8分)I soon saw two pirates(海盗)lying at the back of the ship.One was dead.The other,Israel Hands,was hurt and calling for rum(朗姆酒).I gave Hands the rum.As he drank it,the colour returned to his cheeks. "I am taking over this ship,Mr Hands,"I said."You will treat me as your Captain Jim." He looked at me sourly, but he could do nothing.I then took down the Jolly Roger flag and threw it into the sea. "You want to get ashore(海岸),now you need my help."said Hands,"Tie up my wound,then I'll tell you how to sail the ship." "I want to get to North Inlet." Hands agreed to help me,and the Hispaniola was sailing along the coast of Treasure Island.I tied up the knife wound in his leg with a cloth.After eating and drinking,he looked better. We soon arrived at the North Inlet.Hands was very good at guiding me in,we turned into the beach,and came easily to have a rest. I was busy bringing the ship in and forgot to watch Hands.When I turned around,Hands was standing behind me,his knife ready.I quickly climbed up the ropes and prepared both my guns. "One more move,I'll kill you!Mr.Hands."I shouted. Suddenly,a knife flew through the air to me,both guns in my hands fired,and fell into the sea together with Israel Hands. Then I climbed off the ship and swam ashore.I arrived at the fort(城堡)and walked in when my foot touched someone's leg.Someone was sleeping on the ground.He moved but did not wake.Then suddenly a shrill(尖厉的)voice called out in the darkness: "Pieces of eight!Pieces of eight!" It was Long John Silver's parrot,Captain Flint! "Who is it?"Silver cried. I turned to escape,but someone closed his arms around me and held me tight. ﹣﹣From Treasure Island (1)Why did Jim help Hands tie up the wound in his leg? A.Because Jim took a pity on Hands. B.Because Jim got on well with Hands. C.Because Hands would be his new captain. D.Because Hands could guide Jim to sail the ship. (2)What does the underlined word "sourly"mean in the story? A.Angrily. B.Sadly. C.Politely. D.Patiently. (3)Which is the correct time order according to the story? a.I climbed off the ship and swam ashore. b.I climbed up the ropes with guns quickly. c.A knife hurt me and Hands fell into the sea. d.After drinking and eating,Hands feels better. e.We turned into the beach,and came to have a rest. A.e﹣b﹣c﹣d﹣a B.d﹣e﹣b﹣c﹣a C.c﹣e﹣b﹣d﹣a D.d﹣b﹣e﹣c﹣a (4)What can we infer from the story? A.Jim was caught by Silver at the fort. B.Jim was one of the pirates in this story. C.There were only two pirates in the ship. D.Hands arrived at the fort with Jim at last. 4.(8分)When we talk about numbers,have you noticed how we naturally think of the number three? (1) If you are a close observer(观察者)of life,you should have found that this number is all around us.Everything has a beginning,a middle and an end.We eat three meals a day.Traffic lights all over the world use three colors:red,yellow and green. But what is it about the number three that makes it so magical? (2) However,it enjoys thinking in patterns(规律).It is always trying to find structure in unrelated(不关联的)information.What's more,if there are no patterns,our brains will create them. And three is the smallest number needed to form a pattern.As the old saying goes,"Once is luck,twice is coincidence(巧合)and three times is a pattern." . (3) That is why the audience(观众)usually only remember three things from a speech.Do you want something in your speech to stick in your audiences' minds?Put it forward to them in groups of three. If we properly use the rule of three in our daily lives,we can make many things easier.For example,many people like to add lots of tasks to their to﹣do lists.Experts,however,suggest they should give themselves to just three tasks that is hard and challenging.And remember the next time you make resolutions,list only three things. (4) 根据短文内容,从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项,选项中有一项为多余选项。 A.The longer your list is,the less likely you are to keep it! B.In some ways,"three"is a number that has magical powers. C.Well,we know that the human brain is very hard to be understood. D.Things can become more satisfying to readers if they come in threes. E.Our brains can only remember a little information at any given moment. 三 、语言知识运用阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 5.(15分)The traditional solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms.Major Snow(大雪),the 21st solar term of the year,fell on 7th December,2023.It marks the(1) of midwinter.During Major Snow,the temperature drops(2) and there may be more snowy days. There's a Chinese saying,"A fall of snow gives promise of a fruition(3) . " Most farmers welcome snow because snow can protect crops from cold fronts and keep the fields warm.(4) it turns from ice into water,it can also provide enough water for the crops in spring. Custom expert Liu Xiaochang told China Daily(5) on the first day of Major Snow,farmers in Chengdu need to fertilize (施肥)and water the crops in the field. Snow Season is also a good time for skiing and skating.In(6) China,there are many such places for natural snow and ice.However,students in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces already play with snow on the playground in November.Children can also enjoy(7) on the frozen(结冰的)lakes to play ice sports.But people in the south will stay indoors to enjoy the(8) activities. Though we have lots of(9) because of the snow,people should pay attention to respiratory illness(呼吸道疾病),China Daily reported.During Major Snow,it is (10) and colder,so people should drink more water.At the same time,don't drink cold water after exercise. (1) A.beginning B.weather C.ending D.temperature (2) A.quietly B.slowly C.quickly D.suddenly (3) A.day B.week C.month D.year (4) A.Not only B.Even if C.Thanks to D.So that (5) A.that B.why C.where D.when (6) A.eastern B.western C.southern D.northern (7) A.oneself B.ourselves C.themselves D.himself (8) A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter (9) A.trouble B.problems C.fun D.worries (10) A.warmer B.drier C.cooler D.hotter 阅读下面短文,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词。 6.(20分)Research recently published in the journal Science studied land subsidence(地面沉降)in China's major cities,(1) (raise)people's worries about land sinking in the country. However,Hu Xie,one of the famous (2) (science),said this idea isn't right scientifically.Almost every city has areas of sinking and uplift(上升),"Hu told the Intellectual,a new science and technology media.The sinking of certain areas in a city does not mean the whole city (3) (sink).Human activities,like digging to build or taking out groundwater,are often the reason for it.What matters is how the areas (4) (influence)and how the land changes. In fact,during times of fast economic development,the rate(速度)of land subsidence in China has been much (5) (slow)compared to other countries. For example,in California,US,certain areas sank by 1.2 meters between 1912 and 1933.This was the time when the area (6) (quick)developed.The subsidence rate in Tokyo,even (7) (reach)27 centimeters a year during the 1950s.However,the subsidence rates in major Chinese cities are still around a few millimeters a year.How (8) (danger)it is! Even so,the government (9) (take)measures to slow down the sinking.The key is not taking out too much water from the ground.The South﹣to﹣North Water Diversion Project(南水北调工程)is offering a helping hand to the country's northern cities.Through this project,less water from the ground is used,even in many areas of Beijing and Tianjin has stopped. Shanghai has also reduced yearly ground subsidence from around 10 mm in 1995 to 6 mm in 2019 through (10) (effort)such as improving the water supply system(供水系统)and closing deep wells,according to The Paper. 三、翻译句子 7.(3分)只要你足够认真,就会取得进步。(as long as) 8.(3分)在数字技术的帮助下,我们的课堂变得越来越有趣。 ( digital technology ) 9.(3分)"熊猫列车" (Panda Train)为旅客提供了体验不同文化的机会。 (offer) 四、阅读表达阅读下面短文,并根据短文后的要求答题。 10.(16分)The Awakening Age,a TV series telling the story of how the Party was founded in 1921 has become a hot topic and has won praise(赞扬)among lots of young people in China recently,who found the part of history encouraging. The history of the birth and growth of the CPC(中国共产党)has drawn the interest of many young Chinese audiences.It is reported that some young audiences even look through history books while watching the shows to better understand them. "I love the scene in which young Mao Zedong first appears in the series so much and have watched the two﹣minute video several times.He walks through the rain,shining like a light,"one reviewer wrote. Director Zhang said that the biggest pressure in making The Awakening Age comes from how to make it more accepted by young audiences in China,who have set very high standards for historical movies and TV shows. Using the New Youth magazine as background material,the series linked shining names in the history such as Chen Duxiu,Li Dazhao,and Hu Shi.Stories about how Mao Zedong,Zhou Enlai,and other passionate youths(有志青年)pursued truth and explored knowledge were also included in the series.Those great men of that generation have great love for the family and the nation.These spirits,passing down from generation to generation,will continue to enlighten(启发)the young generation of today.Many audiences look forward to the sequel(续集)to the series. (1)Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.(将文中划线句子译成汉语) (2)Why did young audiences look through history books while watching the show?(根据短文内容回答问题) (3)How does Mao Zedong first appear in the series? (根据短文内容回答问题) (4)What are the spirits of The Awakening Age ? (根据短文内容至少列举两点) (5)What do you think of the TV series The Awakening Age? (至少写出三个形容词) 五、写作 11.(20分)近年来,短视频(short video)非常流行,有些人热衷于发短视频或看短视频以获取流量等。短视频帮助我们丰富知识,休闲娱乐的同时,也带来了负面影响。Teens Around the World是一个青少年国际交流网站,近日Tony发帖想与大家分享你对此现象的看法。假设你是大明,请用英语跟帖,分享一下你的观点。 注意: (1)文中不得出现真实人名、地名等; (2)90词左右。 Teens Around the World Subject:short videos online Hey,guys! Have you ever seen short videos online?Do you like or dislike them?Why?Please share your ideas with us._ Tony, England _ Daming, China 参考答案与试题解析 一、阅读理解阅读下面语篇,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 1.(6分) (1)What does the underlined word "direct"mean in the dialogue? B A.监督 B.管理 C.指路 D.指挥 (2)What can we infer from the dialogue? A A.Dan's parents may be travel lovers. B.Travelling in Canada is expensive. C.Dan was blind when he was seven. D.Dan will travel to Europe next time. (3)In which newspaper column can you most possibly find the dialogue? A A.Travel guide. B.Education and society. C.Health and environment. D.Character stories. 【分析】这是一则有关采访来自加拿大的头部受伤,左眼失明的旅行者——丹的对话。 【解答】(1)词义猜测题。根据Usually help is available but I'm unwilling to accept it and I try my hardest to direct myself .(通常可以获得帮助但我不愿意接受,我会尽最大努力……自己。)可知带下划线的"direct"一词在对话中意思是"管理",故选B。 (2)推理判断题。根据问题Where does your passion for travel come from?(你对旅行的热情来自哪里?)和回答I am greatly influenced by my parents.(我深受父母的影响。) 并结合选项,可知我们能从对话中推断出丹的父母可能是旅游爱好者,故选A。 (3)推理判断题。通读对话内容,可知这是一则有关采访来自加拿大的头部受伤,左眼失明的旅行者——丹的对话。因此我们最有可能在旅行指南报纸的专栏中找到这则对话,故选A。 【点评】通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。 2.(8分)The Yellow River is known as the mother river of the Chinese people.However,flood control and disaster forecasts(灾害预报) of the river have always been challenging for people.Now,scientists can better work on these problems by giving the river a digital twin. The digital twin of the Yellow River uses different kinds of technologies,including big data,artificial intelligence and the internet of things.Devices(设备) are set up along the river to collect and transmit(传送)information to the center.Based on the information,a 3 D model of the river is showed on the computer screen.It's like the Yellow River has a twin that describes its real conditions. One big thing in the digital governance(治理)is"smart stones".A smart stone is a detector(探测器)with chips,a battery,and a signal transmitter.They are put in important dikes(堤坝)to record and report the movement of dike stones.If it feels any movement of the dike stones,it will send an alarm to the center for quick response. In the sky,there are flying drones(无人机).They are designed to look at the river,its dikes and flood prevention projects.The drones provide researchers with photos and information.The researchers use this information to update a 3 D model to watch the changes of water to avoid disasters. Under the water and up in the sky,intelligent systems are helping to protect the Yellow River.According to the Ministry of Water Resources,in the future,we can expect to see an even more complete digital system for the river. (1)What does the digital twin of the Yellow River do? B A.To warn people to protect Yellow River. B.To improve flood control and disaster prevention. C.To do research with the history of the Yellow River. D.To collect and transmit information to tourist center. (2)What are "smart stones"in this system used to do? C A.To repair the dikes along the river. B.To prevent the dike stones moving into the river. C.To monitor and report the movement of dike stones. D.To send pictures of the stones along the dikes to the center. (3)What do fly drones used for? D A.They are used for telling weather changes. B.They are used for carrying goods across the river. C.They are used for saving people who fall into the river. D.They are used for sending photos and information to researchers. (4)What is the main idea of this passage? B A.The Yellow River is the origin of Chinese culture. B.The digital twin is helping protect the Yellow River better. C.The Yellow River will avoid disasters with the digital twin. D.The Yellow River is facing flood and disasters all the time. 【分析】黄河被称为中国人的母亲河,但其防洪和灾害预测一直是一项挑战。科学家通过为黄河创建数字孪生技术,利用大数据、人工智能和物联网等多种技术,收集河流信息并在电脑上展示3 D模型,以实时反映黄河状况。"智能石"和无人机等设备也被用于监测河堤变化和更新模型,以预防灾害。未来,水利部预计将建立更完善的数字系统来保护黄河。 【解答】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段However,flood control and disaster forecasts(灾害预报) of the river have always been challenging for people.Now,scientists can better work on these problems by giving the river a digital twin.(然而,河流的防洪和灾害预测一直是人们面临的挑战。现在,科学家可以通过给这条河一个数字双胞胎来更好地解决这些问题。)可知黄河数字孪生是提高防洪和防灾能力。故选B。 (2)细节理解题。根据第三段If it feels any movement of the dike stones,it will send an alarm to the center for quick response.(如果它感觉到堤石有任何移动,它将向中心发出警报以作出快速反应。)可知这个系统中的"智能石头"监控并报告堤石的移动。故选C。 (3)细节理解题。根据第四段The drones provide researchers with photos and information.(无人机为研究人员提供照片和信息。)可知无人机被用来向研究人员发送照片和信息。故选D。 (4)主旨大意题。根据第一段However,flood control and disaster forecasts(灾害预报) of the river have always been challenging for people.Now,scientists can better work on these problems by giving the river a digital twin.(然而,河流的防洪和灾害预测一直是人们面临的挑战。现在,科学家可以通过给这条河一个数字双胞胎来更好地解决这些问题。)可知这篇文章的中心思想是数字孪生有助于更好地保护黄河。故选B。 【点评】通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。 3.(8分)I soon saw two pirates(海盗)lying at the back of the ship.One was dead.The other,Israel Hands,was hurt and calling for rum(朗姆酒).I gave Hands the rum.As he drank it,the colour returned to his cheeks. "I am taking over this ship,Mr Hands,"I said."You will treat me as your Captain Jim." He looked at me sourly, but he could do nothing.I then took down the Jolly Roger flag and threw it into the sea. "You want to get ashore(海岸),now you need my help."said Hands,"Tie up my wound,then I'll tell you how to sail the ship." "I want to get to North Inlet." Hands agreed to help me,and the Hispaniola was sailing along the coast of Treasure Island.I tied up the knife wound in his leg with a cloth.After eating and drinking,he looked better. We soon arrived at the North Inlet.Hands was very good at guiding me in,we turned into the beach,and came easily to have a rest. I was busy bringing the ship in and forgot to watch Hands.When I turned around,Hands was standing behind me,his knife ready.I quickly climbed up the ropes and prepared both my guns. "One more move,I'll kill you!Mr.Hands."I shouted. Suddenly,a knife flew through the air to me,both guns in my hands fired,and fell into the sea together with Israel Hands. Then I climbed off the ship and swam ashore.I arrived at the fort(城堡)and walked in when my foot touched someone's leg.Someone was sleeping on the ground.He moved but did not wake.Then suddenly a shrill(尖厉的)voice called out in the darkness: "Pieces of eight!Pieces of eight!" It was Long John Silver's parrot,Captain Flint! "Who is it?"Silver cried. I turned to escape,but someone closed his arms around me and held me tight. ﹣﹣From Treasure Island (1)Why did Jim help Hands tie up the wound in his leg? D A.Because Jim took a pity on Hands. B.Because Jim got on well with Hands. C.Because Hands would be his new captain. D.Because Hands could guide Jim to sail the ship. (2)What does the underlined word "sourly"mean in the story? A A.Angrily. B.Sadly. C.Politely. D.Patiently. (3)Which is the correct time order according to the story? B a.I climbed off the ship and swam ashore. b.I climbed up the ropes with guns quickly. c.A knife hurt me and Hands fell into the sea. d.After drinking and eating,Hands feels better. e.We turned into the beach,and came to have a rest. A.e﹣b﹣c﹣d﹣a B.d﹣e﹣b﹣c﹣a C.c﹣e﹣b﹣d﹣a D.d﹣b﹣e﹣c﹣a (4)What can we infer from the story? A A.Jim was caught by Silver at the fort. B.Jim was one of the pirates in this story. C.There were only two pirates in the ship. D.Hands arrived at the fort with Jim at last. 【分析】本文是《金银岛》中的一个故事情节,主人公在遇到了海盗,主人公是怎样使得其中一个海盗帮助自己的。 【解答】(1)细节理解题。根据第四段said Hands,"Tie up my wound,then I'll tell you how to sail the ship."(Hands说:"把我的伤口包扎起来,然后我告诉你如何驾驶这艘船。")可知,吉姆为汉兹包扎伤口是因为汉兹可以引导吉姆驾驶这艘船。故选D。 (2)词义猜测题。根据第二段I said."You will treat me as your Captain Jim."(我说:"你要把我当成你的船长吉姆。")和第三段He looked at me sourly, but he could do nothing.(他......看着我,但什么也做不了。)可知,海盗需要吉姆帮他驾驶船只,他不想听从吉姆安排,但又无能为力,所以是生气地看着吉姆,sourly的意思是"生气地"。故选A。 (3)细节理解题。根据第六段After eating and drinking,he looked better.(吃过喝过之后,他看起来好多了。)第七段we turned into the beach,and came easily to have a rest.(我们拐进了海滩,很容易就来休息了。)第八段I quickly climbed up the ropes and prepared both my guns.(我迅速爬上绳索,准备好了两支枪。)第十段Suddenly,a knife flew through the air to me,both guns in my hands fired,and fell into the sea together with Israel Hands.(突然,一把刀从空中飞到我面前,我手里的两支枪都开了,和伊斯雷尔•汉兹一起掉进了海里。)第十一段 Then I climbed off the ship and swam ashore.(然后我爬下船,游上岸。)可知,正确的顺序是d﹣e﹣b﹣c﹣a。故选B。 (4)推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Who is it?"Silver cried.("是谁?"西尔弗喊道。)最后一段I turned to escape,but someone closed his arms around me and held me tight.(我转身想逃跑,但有人紧紧地抱住我。)可知,吉姆在城堡里被西尔弗抓住。故选A。 【点评】通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。 4.(8分)When we talk about numbers,have you noticed how we naturally think of the number three? (1) B If you are a close observer(观察者)of life,you should have found that this number is all around us.Everything has a beginning,a middle and an end.We eat three meals a day.Traffic lights all over the world use three colors:red,yellow and green. But what is it about the number three that makes it so magical? (2) C However,it enjoys thinking in patterns(规律).It is always trying to find structure in unrelated(不关联的)information.What's more,if there are no patterns,our brains will create them. And three is the smallest number needed to form a pattern.As the old saying goes,"Once is luck,twice is coincidence(巧合)and three times is a pattern." . (3) E That is why the audience(观众)usually only remember three things from a speech.Do you want something in your speech to stick in your audiences' minds?Put it forward to them in groups of three. If we properly use the rule of three in our daily lives,we can make many things easier.For example,many people like to add lots of tasks to their to﹣do lists.Experts,however,suggest they should give themselves to just three tasks that is hard and challenging.And remember the next time you make resolutions,list only three things. (4) A 根据短文内容,从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项,选项中有一项为多余选项。 A.The longer your list is,the less likely you are to keep it! B.In some ways,"three"is a number that has magical powers. C.Well,we know that the human brain is very hard to be understood. D.Things can become more satisfying to readers if they come in threes. E.Our brains can only remember a little information at any given moment. 【分析】这篇文章主要讲述了数字三在我们生活中的神奇魅力。 【解答】(1)细节推理题。根据后文If you are a close observer(观察者)of life,you should have found that this number is all around us.(如果你是生活的近距离观察者,你应该已经发现这个数字就在我们身边。)可知此处介绍三是一个神奇的数字,所以B项"在某些方面,"三"是一个有魔力的数字。"符合语境。故选B。 (2)细节推理题。根据后文However,it enjoys thinking in patterns(规律).(然而,它喜欢用模式思考。)可知此处介绍大脑的相关信息,所以C项"我们知道人类的大脑很难理解。"符合语境。故选C。 (3)细节推理题。根据后文That is why the audience(观众)usually only remember three things from a speech.(这就是为什么听众通常只记得演讲中的三件事。)可知此处介绍我们的大脑只能记住很少的信息,所以E项"我们的大脑在任何特定时刻只能记住一点点信息。"符合语境。故选E。 (4)细节推理题。根据前文And remember the next time you make resolutions,list only three things. (记住下次你做决定时,只列出三件事。)可知此处介绍清单上的内容越少完成度越高,所以A项"你的清单越长,你越不可能保持它!"符合语境。故选A。 【点评】在通读全文的基础上,根据全文大意,展开逻辑思维,瞻前顾后,认真辨析选项,仔细推敲,确定最佳答案。 三 、语言知识运用阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 5.(15分)The traditional solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms.Major Snow(大雪),the 21st solar term of the year,fell on 7th December,2023.It marks the(1) A of midwinter.During Major Snow,the temperature drops(2) C and there may be more snowy days. There's a Chinese saying,"A fall of snow gives promise of a fruition(3) D . " Most farmers welcome snow because snow can protect crops from cold fronts and keep the fields warm.(4) B it turns from ice into water,it can also provide enough water for the crops in spring. Custom expert Liu Xiaochang told China Daily(5) A on the first day of Major Snow,farmers in Chengdu need to fertilize (施肥)and water the crops in the field. Snow Season is also a good time for skiing and skating.In(6) D China,there are many such places for natural snow and ice.However,students in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces already play with snow on the playground in November.Children can also enjoy(7) C on the frozen(结冰的)lakes to play ice sports.But people in the south will stay indoors to enjoy the(8) D activities. Though we have lots of(9) C because of the snow,people should pay attention to respiratory illness(呼吸道疾病),China Daily reported.During Major Snow,it is (10) B and colder,so people should drink more water.At the same time,don't drink cold water after exercise. (1) A.beginning B.weather C.ending D.temperature (2) A.quietly B.slowly C.quickly D.suddenly (3) A.day B.week C.month D.year (4) A.Not only B.Even if C.Thanks to D.So that (5) A.that B.why C.where D.when (6) A.eastern B.western C.southern D.northern (7) A.oneself B.ourselves C.themselves D.himself (8) A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter (9) A.trouble B.problems C.fun D.worries (10) A.warmer B.drier C.cooler D.hotter 【分析】短文主要介绍了中国传统的24节气中的"大雪"节气,标志着仲冬时节的开始,气温下降且可能有更多降雪。文中提到农民欢迎雪因为它保护农作物并供水,还介绍了大雪期间适宜滑雪和滑冰的娱乐活动,同时提醒人们注意呼吸道疾病,并注意冬日饮水健康。 【解答】(1)考查名词。句意:它标志着仲冬时节的开始。A开始;B天气;C结束;D温度。根据常识和句意可知大雪是仲冬时节的开始。故选A。 (2)考查副词。句意:大雪期间,气温迅速下降,可能会有更多的下雪天。A安静地;B慢地;C快速地;D突然。根据there may be more snowy days(可能会有更多的下雪天)可知气温快速下降。故选C。 (3)考查名词。句意:瑞雪兆丰年。A日;B周;C月;D年。根据常识可知此处指年。故选D。 (4)考查连词。句意:即使冰化成水,也能在春天为庄稼提供足够的水分。A不但;B即使;C由于;D以便。根据逻辑关系可知两句是让步关系。故选B。 (5)考查连词。句意:风俗专家刘晓畅告诉《中国日报》,大雪首日,成都农民需要给田里的农作物施肥、浇水。A那个;B为什么;C哪里;D什么时候。根据told(告诉)可知本句是宾语从句,that连接宾语从句时,在从句中没有实际意义,不作成分。故选A。 (6)考查形容词。句意:在中国北方,有许多这样的天然冰雪之地。A东方的;B西方的;C南方的;D北方的。根据句意可知北方的冬天有许多这样的天然冰雪之地。故选D。 (7)考查反身代词。句意:孩子们还可以在结冰的湖面上尽情玩耍,进行冰上运动。A某人自己;B我们自己;C他们自己;D他自己。主语是children,可知此处用themselves。故选C。 (8)考查名词。句意:但南方的人们会留在室内享受冬季活动。A春天;B夏天;C秋天;D冬天。根据句意可知此处指冬天的活动。故选D。 (9)考查名词。句意:《中国日报》报道说,虽然雪中乐趣无穷,但人们仍需注意呼吸道疾病。A麻烦;B问题;C乐趣;D担忧。have fun玩得开心,故选C。 (10)考查形容词比较级。句意:大雪期间,天气更干燥、更寒冷,因此人们应该多喝水。A更温暖的;B更干燥的;C更凉爽的;D更热的。根据句意可知天气干燥所以要多喝水。故选B。 【点评】首先通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合所学语法,运用排除法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文核对答案。 阅读下面短文,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词。 6.(20分)Research recently published in the journal Science studied land subsidence(地面沉降)in China's major cities,(1) raising (raise)people's worries about land sinking in the country. However,Hu Xie,one of the famous (2) scientists (science),said this idea isn't right scientifically.Almost every city has areas of sinking and uplift(上升),"Hu told the Intellectual,a new science and technology media.The sinking of certain areas in a city does not mean the whole city (3) is sinking (sink).Human activities,like digging to build or taking out groundwater,are often the reason for it.What matters is how the areas (4) are influenced (influence)and how the land changes. In fact,during times of fast economic development,the rate(速度)of land subsidence in China has been much (5) slower (slow)compared to other countries. For example,in California,US,certain areas sank by 1.2 meters between 1912 and 1933.This was the time when the area (6) quickly (quick)developed.The subsidence rate in Tokyo,even (7) reached (reach)27 centimeters a year during the 1950s.However,the subsidence rates in major Chinese cities are still around a few millimeters a year.How (8) dangerous (danger)it is! Even so,the government (9) has taken (take)measures to slow down the sinking.The key is not taking out too much water from the ground.The South﹣to﹣North Water Diversion Project(南水北调工程)is offering a helping hand to the country's northern cities.Through this project,less water from the ground is used,even in many areas of Beijing and Tianjin has stopped. Shanghai has also reduced yearly ground subsidence from around 10 mm in 1995 to 6 mm in 2019 through (10) efforts (effort)such as improving the water supply system(供水系统)and closing deep wells,according to The Paper. 【分析】这篇短文主要讨论了中国主要城市的地面沉降问题,引发人们对国内土地下沉的担忧。然而,著名科学家胡謝指出,这种担忧在科学上并不准确,因为几乎每个城市都有下沉和上升的区域,局部地区下沉并不意味着整个城市都会下沉,人类活动是主要原因。文章还提到,在中国经济快速发展时期,土地沉降速度相比其他国家较慢。政府已经采取措施减缓下沉,如南水北调工程,以及改善供水系统和关闭深井等努力,以控制土地变化。 【解答】(1)考查现在分词。句意:最近发表在《科学》杂志上的研究报告对中国主要城市的土地沉降进行了研究,引发了人们对中国土地沉降的担忧。本句已有谓语动词,此处用非谓语动词。现在分词表主动,故填raising。 (2)考查名词。句意:然而,一个著名科学家胡謝说,这种想法在科学上是不正确的。one of+名词复数,意为"......之一"。故填scientists。 (3)考查动词时态。句意:城市某些地区的下沉并不意味着整个城市正在下沉。根据句意可知此处表示现在正在发生的事情。主语是单数,be动词用is。故填is sinking。 (4)考查动词时态和语态。句意:重要的是这些地区如何受到影响以及土地如何发生变化。根据全文时态一致原则,可知本句用一般现在时。主语是复数,与动词之间是动宾关系,需用被动语态。故填are influenced。 (5)考查形容词比较级。句意:事实上,在经济快速发展时期,中国的土地塌陷速度要比其他国家慢得多。much后面需用比较级,根据has been可知此处需用形容词比较级。故填slower。 (6)考查副词。句意:这一时期,该地区迅速发展起来。此处用副词修饰动词。故填quickly。 (7)考查动词。句意:20 世纪 50 年代,东京的下沉速度甚至达到每年 27 厘米。根据 during the 1950s(20 世纪 50 年代)可知本句用一般过去时。故填reached。 (8)考查感叹句。句意:多危险啊!感叹句结构:How+形容词原形+主语+谓语!故填dangerous。 (9)考查动词时态。句意:尽管如此,政府还是采取了一些措施来减缓沉没的速度。根据句意和语境,可知本句用现在完成时,表示已经过去发生的事情对现在的影响。主语是单数,助动词用has。故填has taken。 (10)考查名词。句意:上海还通过改善供水系统和关闭深井等措施,将每年的地面沉降量从 1995 年的约 10 毫米减少到 2019 年的 6 毫米。effort努力,可数名词,此处用名词复数表泛指。故填efforts。 【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境,运用语法和词汇知识,反复推敲以求得解答。 三、翻译句子 7.(3分)只要你足够认真,就会取得进步。(as long as) As long as you are serious enough,you will make progress. 【分析】只要你足够认真,就会取得进步。 【解答】根据所给汉语提示,as long as只要;引导条件状语从句;遵循主将从现,serious enough足够认真;从句一般现在时态,主语是you;be动词用are;you主句的主语,主句用一般将来时,will后加动词原形;make progress取得进步。 故答案为:As long as you are serious enough,you will make progress。 【点评】根据所给汉语提示,符合语法知识,写出答案。 8.(3分)在数字技术的帮助下,我们的课堂变得越来越有趣。 ( digital technology ) With the help of digital technology ,our class is becoming more and more interesting. 【分析】在数字技术的帮助下,我们的课堂变得越来越有趣。 【解答】