精品解析：广东省深圳市罗湖区2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次摸底考试英语试题

2024-2025学年第一学期学业质量检测 高三 英语 说明： 1.答题前，请将姓名、班级和学校用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写在答题卡指定的位置上，并正确粘贴条形码。 2.全卷共10页，考试时间120分钟，满分120分。 3.作答单项选择题时，选出每题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目答案标号的信息点框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。作答非选择题时，用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔把答案写在答题卡指定区域内，写在本试卷或草稿纸上，其答案一律无效。 4.考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 2024 International Youth Journalism Contest The 2024 International Youth Journalism Contest, sponsored by Youth Journalism International, promotes a free youth press by recognizing exceptional work in English by student reporters. ●Categories Student Journalist Of The Year To recognize exceptional work in journalism by a student journalist. Journalism Educator Of The Year To honor a teacher who inspires students and brings out the very best in them. Courage In Journalism Award To recognize an individual youth journalist who showed particular courage in pursuing a story despite danger, official roadblocks, or other unusual obstacles. Jacinta Marie Bunnell Award To honor an individual who gave voice to an important issue in a single opinion piece or a series of opinion pieces devoted to the same topic. ●Important Notice We require that all entries be accessible online. You must include a public link to every entry you submit, which should be accessible to anyone who has the link. Journalists who meet the criteria of being 19 years old or younger and not employed professionally at the time of publication are qualified to participate from any country. ●Admission Fee A fee of $35 is required for each category you enter. However, if the fee presents a financial hardship, you may apply for an exemption (免除), which are limited to two entries per participant. 1. What is the aim of the contest concerning student reporters? A. To help explore their own talents. B. To advocate their free expressions. C. To collect their outstanding works. D. To increase their impact in the field. 2. Which award honors a young journalist for bringing attention to a significant problem? A. Student Journalist Of The Year. B. Journalism Educator Of The Year. C. Courage In Journalism Award. D. Jacinta Marie Bunnell Award. 3. Which of the following is a requirement to enter the competition? A. Being a grown-up amateur journalist. B. Making your entries available online. C. Applying for no more than two entries. D. Paying $35 for your competitive event. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了2024年国际青年新闻比赛的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The 2024 International Youth Journalism Contest, sponsored by Youth Journalism International, promotes a free youth press by recognizing exceptional work in English by student reporters.(由国际青少年新闻协会赞助的2024年国际青年新闻比赛，通过表彰学生记者的杰出英文报道来促进自由的青年新闻业。)”可知，学生记者大赛的目的是为了倡导他们的自由表达。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Jacinta Marie Bunnell Award中关键句“To honor an individual who gave voice to an important issue in a single opinion piece or a series of opinion pieces devoted to the same topic.(表彰在一篇或一系列针对同一主题的评论文章中对某一重要问题发表意见的个人)”可知，Jacinta Marie Bunnell奖项表彰年轻的记者引起人们对一个重大问题的关注。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Important Notice中关键句“We require that all entries be accessible online. You must include a public link to every entry you submit, which should be accessible to anyone who has the link.(我们要求所有条目都可以在线访问。你必须在你提交的每个条目中包含一个公共链接，任何人都可以访问这个链接)”可知，参赛作品要求可以在线访问。故选B。 B Baking lover and her bakery with “silent” staffers Some people may open a bakery to turn their passion into a profession. Some open a bakery to realize their childhood dream. For Zheng Xiaoyan, founder of Silent Bread Tree, the main reason she chose to do so is less common. The idea to open a bakery emerged when Zheng learned from a silent friend in a baking course about the difficulties they face in job hunting. She began to wonder what she could do for them, until she got inspiration from the success of a bakery in Changsha, which is run by a German couple that hires silent people. “I decided that I would also open a bakery like theirs to help some silent people in need,” told Zheng. “And that’s why I named it ‘Silent Bread Tree’. Hopefully the jobs provided here can help the silent people feed themselves, just like bread trees feed people with their bread-like fruit,” Zheng added. The bakery has 16 employees, six of whom are hearing and speech-impaired. The principle here is to treat all staffs in the same way wherever possible, and avoid signs indicating which staff members are different. “When we asked whether to put the words ‘Pat me if you need help’ on the back of their uniform, our silent staffs said ‘No’. That was when I realized that they just don’t want others to know they’re different,” Zheng recalled. Although knowing what she could do for the silent community is very limited, Zheng said the efforts the silent staffs have made to keep the bakery running keep inspiring her to do even more. For every product sold, the bakery donates 0.01 yuan to help provide artificial cochlea implants (人工耳蜗) to the hearing and speech-impaired children in rural areas. “If hearing-impaired children could have artificial cochleae implants at an early age, their lives could be completely transformed. They would be able to live like people with no difficulties in hearing,” said Zheng. 4. Why did Zheng open the bakery? A. To offer the silent people jobs. B. To make her dream come true. C. To turn her hobby into a career. D. To learn from the German couple. 5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The story about the bread tree. B. The meaning of the bakery name. C. Zheng’s expectation of the future. D. Zheng’s satisfaction with her store. 6. What can we learn about the silent staffs from paragraph 4? A. They value equal treatment. B. They enjoy great social respect. C. They consider customers disturbing. D. They have poor communication skills. 7. Which word best describes Zheng? A. Confident. B. Optimistic. C. Broad-minded. D. Kind-hearted. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了郑晓燕（音译）——“无声面包树”的创始人为了帮助一些沉默的人养活自己，创建了该面包店品牌的事迹。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段““And that’s why I named it ‘Silent Bread Tree’. Hopefully the jobs provided here can help the silent people feed themselves, just like bread trees feed people with their bread-like fruit,” Zheng added.(“这就是为什么我把它命名为‘无声面包树’。希望这里提供的工作可以帮助这些沉默的人养活自己，就像面包树用面包样的果实养活人们一样。”郑补充说)”可知，郑女士开面包店是为了给沉默的人提供工作。故选A。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段““And that’s why I named it ‘Silent Bread Tree’. Hopefully the jobs provided here can help the silent people feed themselves, just like bread trees feed people with their bread-like fruit,” Zheng added.(“这就是为什么我把它命名为‘无声面包树’。希望这里提供的工作可以帮助这些沉默的人养活自己，就像面包树用面包样的果实养活人们一样。”郑补充说)”可知，该段说明了面包店名称的含义。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The principle here is to treat all staffs in the same way wherever possible, and avoid signs indicating which staff members are different. “When we asked whether to put the words ‘Pat me if you need help’ on the back of their uniform, our silent staffs said ‘No’. That was when I realized that they just don’t want others to know they’re different,” Zheng recalled.(这里的原则是尽可能以同样的方式对待所有员工，并避免显示哪些员工是不同的。“当我们问他们是否要在制服背面印上‘如果你需要帮助就拍拍我’的字样时，我们沉默的工作人员说‘不’。那时我才意识到，她们只是不想让别人知道自己与众不同。”郑回想到)”可知，沉默的员工重视平等待遇。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“For every product sold, the bakery donates 0.01 yuan to help provide artificial cochlea implants to the hearing and speech-impaired children in rural areas.(每卖出一件产品，面包店就捐赠0.01元，帮助农村地区的听力和言语障碍儿童植入人工耳蜗)”及最后一段““If hearing-impaired children could have artificial cochleae implants at an early age, their lives could be completely transformed. They would be able to live like people with no difficulties in hearing,” said Zheng.(“如果听障儿童能够在很小的时候植入人工耳蜗，他们的生活可能会彻底改变。他们将能够像没有听力障碍的人一样生活。”郑说)”可知，郑女士是好心肠的，不仅创立了面包店帮助沉默的人找工作，也帮助有需要的听力障碍儿童。故选D。 C For many years researchers focused on what people know about science, thinking that “To know science is to love it.” But do people who think they know science actually know science? A new study led by Cristina Fonseca of the Genetics Society, Laurence Hurst of the Milner Centre for Evolution (进化) reveals that people with strong attitudes tend to believe they understand science, while neutrals (中立者) are less certain. Absolute attitudes, both for and against, build on high self-confidence in knowledge about science. The study performed a survey of over 2,000 UK adults, asking them both about their attitudes to science and their belief in their own understanding. Questions focused on genetic (基因的) science, for example, “How would you rate your understanding of what the term DNA means?” All individuals were scored from zero (they know they have no understanding) to one (they are confident that they understand). The results suggest that those at the attitudinal extremes — both strongly supportive and firmly opposing — have very high self-belief in their own comprehension, while those answering neutrally do not. Psychologically, the team suggests, this makes sense: to hold a strong opinion you need to strongly believe in the correctness of your interpretation of the basic facts. Results of previous studies also indicate that those more accepting of science both believe they understand it and score well on the textbook fact (true/false) questions. By contrast, people with strong negative attitudes to science tend to be overconfident about their level of understanding. Whether it be climate change or GM foods, important science can inspire strong and opposing attitudes. Understanding how to communicate science requires an awareness of why people may hold such different attitudes to it. When it was thought that what mattered most for scientific literacy was scientific knowledge, science communication focused on passing information from scientists to the public. However, this approach may not be successful, and in some cases can have adverse effects. Working to address the gap between what people know and what they believe they know may be a better strategy. 8. What is the new study mainly about? A. An assessment of people’s interest in genetics. B. A survey of various attitudes towards evolution. C. A report of people’s general knowledge of science. D. An analysis of factors on people’s belief in science. 9. Why does the author mention previous studies in paragraph 3? A. To support the findings of the study. B. To clarify the concept of confidence. C. To stress the importance of basic facts. D. To compare different research methods. 10. What does the underlined word “adverse” mean in the last paragraph? A. Random. B. Negative. C. Indirect. D. Favorable. 11. As for science communication, which would the author agree with? A. It should help people boost confidence. B. It should focus on scientific knowledge. C. It should inspire people to score well in tests. D. It should emphasize objective awareness of oneself. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，本文围绕人们对于科学信仰展开，一项研究表明，态度强硬的人倾向于认为自己了解科学，而态度中立的人对此不太确定。绝对的态度建立在对科学知识的高度自信之上。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The study performed a survey of over 2,000 UK adults, asking them both about their attitudes to science and their belief in their own understanding.(这项研究对2000多名英国成年人进行了调查，询问他们对科学的态度和对自己理解的信念)”可知，该研究主要以影响人们科学信仰的因素分析展开。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Psychologically, the team suggests, this makes sense: to hold a strong opinion you need to strongly believe in the correctness of your interpretation of the basic facts. Results of previous studies also indicate that those more accepting of science both believe they understand it and score well on the textbook fact (true/false) questions.(该团队认为，从心理学上讲，这是有道理的：要持有强烈的观点，你需要坚信自己对基本事实的解释是正确的。之前的研究结果也表明，那些更接受科学的人认为他们理解它，并在教科书的事实（正确/错误）问题上获得高分)”可知，作者提及之前的研究是为了支持这项研究的结果，即，那些态度极端的人——包括强烈支持和坚决反对——对自己的理解有很高的自信。故选A。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“However, this approach may not be successful(然而，这种方法可能不会成功)”及“and in some cases can have(在一些情况下可能有)”及“effects(影响)”可知，这种方法不会成功，甚至在一些情况下会有更消极影响，划线词adverse和negative意思相近。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Working to address the gap between what people know and what they believe they know may be a better strategy.(努力解决人们知道的和他们认为他们知道的之间的差距可能是一个更好的策略)”可知，作者认为在科学传播上，应努力解决人们主观上和客观的认知差距，即，应强调客观的自我意识。故选D。 D Whether playing tricks or holding funerals in the wild, crows have surprised the public with their unexpected capabilities. But their “intelligence” knows no bounds. A new study published in Current Biology revealed for the first time that crows can use statistical logic to solve problems. Crows have a large brain for their size and a particularly noticeable forebrain, associated with statistical and analytical reasoning in humans. “In our lab, crows have shown complicated numerical competence and careful consideration during decision-making,” said Dr. Melissa Johnston, a fellow at the University of Tübingen. In her recent work, Johnston and her team pushed these abilities to a new extreme, testing statistical reasoning. In the experiment, two crows were first trained to peck (啄) at various images on touchscreens to earn food treats; and gradually they had to choose between two of these images, each corresponding to a different reward probability. “Crows were tasked with learning rather abstract quantities and then applying that combination of information in a reward maximizing way,” Johnston detailed. Over 10 days of training and 5,000 trials, the two crows managed to pick the higher probability of reward, showing their ability to use statistical inference. To researchers’ much surprise, even after a month without training, the crows still perform well every time. Statistical reasoning involves using limited information about a situation to draw conclusions and make decisions. People unknowingly use such cognitive ability every day. When we select cafes for social meetups, our brains automatically weigh collected statistics from past observations and favor the one more capable of meeting needs. Similarly, crows remembered and analyzed the connections between the images and the reward probabilities to make themselves get the most treats possible. Crows once symbolized misfortune and death, causing them disliked even killed by people. Actually, they are among the few animals to adapt to urbanization successfully due to underestimated intelligence. “I think these studies do help change public views and improve our relationship with these lovely animals,” Johnston stated. 12. What makes crows’ intelligence possible? A. Their limitless abilities of tricks. B. Their social leaning in the wild. C. Their physical structure of brains. D. Their training received in the lab. 13. Which of the following best describes the research process in paragraph 3? A. Instruct, task, and retest. B. Train, perform, and record. C. Assume, prove, and reflect. D. Prepare, teach, and examine. 14. How does the author explain statistical inference in paragraph 4? A. By sharing a personal experience. B. By quoting a previous study. C. By making a detailed comparison. D. By using a common example. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Food Prize Competition: Crows Choosing Rewards B. Urban Bird Survival Strategies: Living with People C. Beyond Tricks: Surprise of Crows’ Statistical Reasoning D. Animal Behavior Study: Training Crows in Experiments 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乌鸦的高级智力，特别是它们在实验中展示的统计推理能力。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Crows have a large brain for their size and a particularly noticeable forebrain, associated with statistical and analytical reasoning in humans. (就其体型而言，乌鸦的大脑很大，前脑特别明显，与人类的统计和分析推理有关。)”可知，乌鸦的大脑结构，特别是前脑，使得它们具备统计和分析推理的能力。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In the experiment, two crows were first trained to peck (啄) at various images on touchscreens to earn food treats; and gradually they had to choose between two of these images, each corresponding to a different reward probability. “Crows were tasked with learning rather abstract quantities and then applying that combination of information in a reward maximizing way,” Johnston detailed. Over 10 days of training and 5,000 trials, the two crows managed to pick the higher probability of reward, showing their ability to use statistical inference. To researchers’ much surprise, even after a month without training, the crows still perform well every time. (在实验中，首先训练两只乌鸦啄触摸屏上的各种图像，以获得食物；渐渐地，他们不得不在这两幅图像中做出选择，每幅图像都对应着不同的奖励概率。约翰斯顿详细介绍说：“乌鸦的任务是学习相当抽象的量，然后以奖励最大化的方式应用这些信息组合。”。经过10天的训练和5000次试验，两只乌鸦设法选择了更高的奖励概率，显示了它们使用统计推断的能力。令研究人员惊讶的是，即使在一个月没有训练的情况下，乌鸦每次都表现得很好。)”可推知，在实验中，研究人员首先指导乌鸦识别触摸屏上的图像，然后布置任务，让乌鸦在不同的图像之间做出选择，然后重新测试，发现即使一个月没有训练，乌鸦仍然能够表现得很好。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“When we select cafes for social meetups, our brains automatically weigh collected statistics from past observations and favor the one more capable of meeting needs. (当我们为社交聚会选择咖啡馆时，我们的大脑会自动权衡从过去的观察中收集到的统计数据，并倾向于更能满足需求的咖啡馆。)”可推知，作者通过一个常见的例子来解释统计推理。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Whether playing tricks or holding funerals in the wild, crows have surprised the public with their unexpected capabilities. But their “intelligence” knows no bounds. A new study published in Current Biology revealed for the first time that crows can use statistical logic to solve problems. (无论是恶作剧还是在野外举行葬礼，乌鸦都以其意想不到的能力让公众感到惊讶。但他们的“智慧”是无限的。发表在《当代生物学》上的一项新研究首次揭示，乌鸦可以使用统计逻辑来解决问题。)”可知，文章主要介绍了乌鸦不仅能在野外玩把戏，还能通过统计推理解决问题，这超出了人们对它们智力的预期。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 This is something that all of us have noticed countless times in our daily lives. Whether you’re trying to read the fine print in a commercial or trying to make out a person’s face from a distance — it always helps to see better when you squint (眯起) your eyes. ____16____ There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. ____17____ If you think for a while, you’ll find squinting is a different matter. If squinting meant making your eyes become stress balls, we’d all be in a lot of trouble. ____18____ When light hits an object, it bounces off its surface and enters our eyes. The light travels through the eye lens (晶状体). The lens then focuses the light rays, which fall on the retina (视网膜). A chemical present in the retina turns light into electric signals, which are then transmitted to the brain. The brain processes the signals and ultimately allows us to see stuff. The act of squinting, quite obviously, alters the shape of the space through which light passes, which helps us form a clear image on the retina. What’s more, light from different directions enters and is subsequently perceived by the eye. ____19____ However, when you’re trying to focus on something, if there’s light entering from multiple directions, the lens will be overloaded. By squinting, focusing light rays becomes more precise. Squinting does not damage your eyesight. ____20____ It’s one thing to occasionally squint in order to make out something far away. But if you find yourself doing it all the time, getting your eyes tested should be your focus. A. Actually, that’s not exactly the case. B. Has it ever occurred to you why this happens? C. Squinting does two major things to improve our vision. D. However, doing it for long periods of time can lead to dry eyes. E. Normally, this is a great thing, as it feeds your situational awareness. F. A number of biological components actually constitute the human eye. G. Before revealing the secret behind it, let’s learn about how we see things. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文解释了为什么眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚，并澄清了眯眼不会损害视力误解。 【16题详解】 根据上文“This is something that all of us have noticed countless times in our daily lives. Whether you’re trying to read the fine print in a commercial or trying to make out a person’s face from a distance — it always helps to see better when you squint (眯起) your eyes. (这是我们所有人在日常生活中无数次注意到的事情。无论你是想阅读商业广告上的小字，还是想从远处辨认一个人的脸——眯着眼睛总是有助于看得更清楚。)”可知，上文引出眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚这一话题，由下文“There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. (有一种普遍的假设是，你挤压眼球是为了让它们更好地工作，从而给眼球增加了很大的压力。)”可知，下文解释了为什么眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚，故本空应提问为什么眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚，B选项“Has it ever occurred to you why this happens? (你有没有想过为什么会这样？)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据上文“There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. (有一种普遍的假设是，你挤压眼球是为了让它们更好地工作，从而给眼球增加了很大的压力。)”和下文“If you think for a while, you’ll find squinting is a different matter. If squinting meant making your eyes become stress balls, we’d all be in a lot of trouble. (如果你仔细想想，你会发现眯眼是另一回事。如果眯着眼睛意味着让你的眼睛变成压力球，那我们就有大麻烦了。)”可知，本空应是对上文认知的怀疑，故选项A“Actually, that’s not exactly the case. (实际上，情况并非如此。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据下文“When light hits an object, it bounces off its surface and enters our eyes. (当光线照射到物体上时，它会从物体表面反弹，进入我们的眼睛。)”可知，下文解释了人眼看见东西的原理，本空应引出这一原理，G选项“Before revealing the secret behind it, let’s learn about how we see things. (在揭示其背后的秘密之前，让我们了解一下我们是如何看东西的。)”能引出下文，符合语境。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据上文“What’s more, light from different directions enters and is subsequently perceived by the eye. (更重要的是，来自不同方向的光进入并随后被眼睛感知。)”可知，本空应谈论光被眼睛感知的结果，E选项“Normally, this is a great thing, as it feeds your situational awareness. (通常，这是件好事，因为它增强了你的情境意识。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Squinting does not damage your eyesight. (眯眼不会损害你的视力。)”和后文“But if you find yourself doing it all the time, getting your eyes tested should be your focus. (偶尔眯着眼看清远处的东西是一回事。但如果你发现自己总是这样做，那么检查你的眼睛应该是你的重点。)”可知，上文说眯眼不会损害你的视力，下文又说检查你的眼睛，上下文存在转折关系，D选项“However, doing it for long periods of time can lead to dry eyes. (然而，长时间这样做会导致眼睛干涩。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I remember a moment when I felt like everything was falling apart. At fifteen years old, I found myself in a hospital bed, unable to ___21___. It was a result of an accident during a fishing trip with a friend. My ___22___ of becoming an athlete was broken along with my backbone. I pushed away my loved ones and struggled to ___23___ my new reality. Returning home, I faced the challenge of getting around in a wheelchair. At first, I let my___24___ get in the way, refusing to ask for help even when it ___25___ missing out on experiences I enjoyed. I later realized that accepting ___26___ from others was not a sign of weakness but a necessary step towards ___27___ my independence and happiness. A turning point came when I met a friend who ___28___ me to try wheelchair sports. I ___29___ in table tennis and participated in the Wheelchair Games in Montreal, where I witnessed the incredible____30____ of the athletes. One incident that highlighted the daily obstacles faced by____31____people occurred when I encountered a girl struggling to jog up a hill. I didn’t let her struggles discourage me. ____32____, I used humor to overcome the situation and challenge negative ____33____. Looking back, I realize that the ____34____ was not the end of my life but the beginning of an incredible one. I am ____35____ for the support that have come my way. As I continue to work towards making a difference, I believe that my best day is yet to come. 21. A. breathe B. live C. think D. move 22. A. memory B. dream C. promise D. mission 23. A. rely on B. turn down C. adjust to D. figure out 24. A. regret B. pride C. desire D. envy 25. A. meant B. required C. allowed D. deserved 26. A. sympathy B. instruction C. praise D. assistance 27. A. transforming B. rewarding C. regaining D. sacrificing 28. A. motivated B. offered C. expected D. requested 29. A. volunteered B. excelled C. improved D. struggled 30. A. patience B. integrity C. courage D. endurance 31. A. super B. normal C. disabled D. talented 32. A. Rather B. Moreover C. Therefore D. However 33. A. actions B. attitudes C. outcomes D. approaches 34. A. adventure B. conflict C. accident D. obstacle 35. A. honored B. admired C. hopeful D. grateful 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在一次意外事故后成为了残疾人，从开始的不接受帮助到后来重新获得独立和幸福的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：十五岁的时候，我发现自己躺在医院的病床上，动弹不得。A. breathe呼吸；B. live居住；C. think想，思考；D. move移动。根据下文“It was a result of an accident during a fishing trip with a friend.”可知，作者经历了事故，所以住院了，躺在床上动弹不得。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想成为一名运动员的梦想随着我的脊梁一起破灭了。A. memory记忆力；B. dream梦想；C. promise承诺；D. mission任务。根据“of becoming an athlete”可知，成为运动员是作者的梦想。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我推开了我爱的人，努力适应我新的现实。A. rely on依靠；B. turn down拒绝；C. adjust to调整，适应；D. figure out搞清楚。根据“I pushed away my loved ones”及“my new reality”可知，作者遭遇了变故，需要调整适应新的现实。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我让我的自尊心阻碍了我，拒绝寻求帮助，即使这意味着我错过了我喜欢的经历。A. regret后悔；B. pride骄傲，自尊；C. desire渴望；D. envy嫉妒。根据“refusing to ask for help”可知，作者的自尊心阻碍自己寻求别人的帮助。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我让我的自尊心阻碍了我，拒绝寻求帮助，即使这意味着我错过了我喜欢的经历。A. meant意味着；B. required需要；C. allowed允许；D. deserved值得。根据“refusing to ask for help”及“missing out on experiences I enjoyed”可知，即使作者会错过喜欢的经历，也会拒绝别人的帮助。it指代接受别人的帮助，这意味着有时候会失去很好的经历。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来我意识到，接受别人的帮助并不是软弱的表现，而是重新获得独立和幸福的必要步骤。A. sympathy同情心；B. instruction指南；C. praise赞扬；D. assistance帮助，援助。根据“from others was not a sign of weakness but a necessary step”及“accepting”可知，后来作者意识到，想要获得独立和幸福，就应该接受帮助。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我意识到，接受别人的帮助并不是软弱的表现，而是重新获得独立和幸福的必要步骤。A. transforming改变；B. rewarding奖励；C. regaining重新获得；D. sacrificing牺牲。根据前文“of becoming an athlete was broken along with my backbone.”可知，作者之前失去了信心，后来意识到，接受别人的帮助是重新获得独立和幸福的必要步骤。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我遇到一个鼓励我尝试轮椅运动的朋友时，一个转折点出现了。A. motivated激励，激发；B. offered提供；C. expected期待；D. requested要求。根据“I met a friend”及“me to try wheelchair sports”可知，作者遇到了一个激励自己尝试轮椅运动的朋友。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我擅长乒乓球，参加了蒙特利尔的轮椅运动会，在那里我见证了运动员们不可思议的耐力。A. volunteered志愿；B. excelled超过，擅长；C. improved提高；D. struggled挣扎，奋斗。根据“in table tennis and participated in the Wheelchair Games in Montreal”可知，作者参加了比赛，擅长乒乓球运动。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我擅长乒乓球，参加了蒙特利尔的轮椅运动会，在那里我见证了运动员们不可思议的耐力。A. patience耐心；B. integrity正直，诚实；C. courage勇气；D. endurance持久力，忍耐力。根据“I witnessed the incredible”及“of the athletes”并结合常识可知，在运动场上，作者见识了运动员的不可思议的耐力。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一件事突显了残疾人每天面临的障碍，我遇到了一个女孩，她正在努力地慢跑上山。A. super超级的；B. normal正常的；C. disabled残疾的；D. talented有天赋的。根据上文“to try wheelchair sports”可知，作者坐着轮椅，所以是遇到了残疾人每天面临的障碍。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我用幽默来克服困境，挑战消极的态度。A. Rather相反；B. Moreover此外；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。根据“I didn’t let her struggles discourage me.”及“I used humor to overcome the situation”可知，女孩的挣扎并没有使作者泄气，相反，他用幽默来克服困境。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，我用幽默来克服困境，挑战消极的态度。A. actions行动；B. attitudes态度；C. outcomes结果；D. approaches方法。根据“overcome the situation and challenge negative”可知，作者用幽默来克服困境，挑战消极的态度。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：回首往事，我意识到这场事故并不是我生命结束，而是一个不可思议的开始。A. adventure冒险；B. conflict冲突；C. accident事故；D. obstacle障碍。根据“was not the end of my life but the beginning of an incredible one”可知，作者之前遇到了意外事故，但是却让作者重新认识了自己，重新开始自己的生活。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对我所获得的支持充满感激。A. honored荣幸的，受尊敬的；B. admired被赞美的；被钦佩的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. grateful感激的。根据“for the support that have come my way”可知，作者对别人给予过的支持充满了感激。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 OpenAI released its first large-scale text-to-video model Sora on Friday, February 16. It can generate one-minute-long high-definition videos based on user input inspires. ___36___ its functions are not new to artificial intelligence models, Sora has made a major step forward. OpenAI claimed in ___37___ news release that Sora will become an important milestone in achieving Artificial General Intelligence. Yet however realistic Sora videos may appear, they are still digital simulations and not real___38___ (film) reality. The development of AI-created videos lead to a phenomenon called “Post-truth”, ___39___ (refer) to a cultural climate in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief. The birth of Sora videos might make the situation ___40___ (bad). Before popularizing such new technology as Sora, the challenges should be assessed and prepared for in advance. For instance, the government could make it compulsory for information providers ___41___ (identify) their provided information. ___42___ (addition), the emergence of Sora may lead to significant job losses in related industries such as film and television, ___43___ is a significant social risk that cannot be ignored. There have already been numerous in-depth studies on the potential job losses caused by the large-scale application of AI, and many a solution ___44___ (propose), including slowing down the pace of AI technology application, assisting in reemployment, and imposing AI ___45___ (tax). Now, the overnight popularity of Sora reminds people that it is time to accelerate, refine and implement these measures. 【答案】36. While##Although##Though 37. a 38. filmed 39. referring 40. worse 41. to identify 42. Additionally 43. which 44. has been proposed 45. taxes 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。OpenAI发布了Sora，一个能生成高质量视频的AI模型，但其带来的社会风险需提前评估和应对。 【36题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管它的功能对人工智能模型来说并不新鲜，Sora 还是向前迈出了一大步。前后句之间是让步关系，应用although/though/while“虽然，尽管”引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填While/Although/Though。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：OpenAI在一场新闻发布会上声称，Sora将成为实现通用人工智能的重要里程碑。此处泛指“一场新闻发布会”，且news以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【38题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：尽管Sora视频看起来多么逼真，它们仍然是数字模拟而不是真实拍摄的现实。主句系动词为are，此处为非谓语动词，且reality与film“拍摄”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填filmed。 【39题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：人工智能生成视频的发展导致了一种被称为“后真相”的现象，指的是一种文化氛围，在这种氛围中，客观事实在塑造公众舆论方面的影响力不如情感和个人信念的吸引力。refer to“指的是”。本句谓语为created，此处为非谓语动词，refer to与其逻辑主语phenomenon之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作后置定语，修饰phenomenon。故填referring。 【40题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：Sora视频的诞生可能会使情况变得更糟。结合句意，此处表示“更糟”，应用形容词比较级worse。故填worse。 【41题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：例如，政府可以强制信息提供者识别其提供的信息。本句谓语为could make，此处为非谓语动词，make后的it为形式宾语，此处用identify“识别”的不定式，作真正的主语。故填to identify。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：此外，Sora的出现可能会导致相关行业如影视行业的大量失业，这是一个不容忽视的重大社会风险。此处应用副词additionally“此外”，作状语，修饰句子，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Additionally。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子，本空指代前面的情况，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【44题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：已经有许多关于大规模应用人工智能可能导致的失业的深入研究，并提出了许多解决方案，包括放慢人工智能技术应用的步伐、协助再就业和征收人工智能税。此处为and后句子的谓语，根据and前句子的谓语have been和句意可知，and后的句子用现在完成时，表示到现在已经提出了许多解决方案，且propose“提议，提供”与其逻辑主语solution之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为many a solution，助动词用has 。故填has been proposed。 【45题详解】 考查名词复数。句意同上。tax“税”是可数名词，空前无限定词，本空表示泛指，应用复数形式，作imposing的宾语。故填taxes。 第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 校英文报“学习科学家精神”栏目征稿。请你就你最欣赏的名言“If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.” By Isaac Newton”写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 你欣赏的原因； 2 你从中学到什么？ 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A quote I admire from the famous scientist Isaac Newton _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A quote I admire from the famous scientist Isaac Newton My favorite quote from Isaac Newton, “If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants,” captivates me deeply. I admire it because it teaches us humility. Newton recognizes that every great leap forward of his own is built upon the foundations laid by those who came before, the giants of the past. This humility inspires me to seek knowledge with an open mind and gratitude. From this quote, I’ve learned the importance of building upon the achievements of others. In my studies, I strive to integrate the wisdom of my teachers, peers, and the scientific community. By standing on these “shoulders,” I hope to contribute my own insights and further the quest for knowledge. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。校英文报“学习科学家精神”栏目征稿，要求考生按照要求就自己最欣赏的名言“如果说我比别人看得更远些，那是因为我站在了巨人的肩上”写一篇短文投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 迷住，使着迷：captivate→ fascinate 欣赏：admire→ appreciate 承认：recognize→ admit 激励：inspire→ motivate 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：My favorite quote from Isaac Newton, “If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants,” captivates me deeply. 拓展句：My favorite quote which is from Isaac Newton, “If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants,” captivates me deeply. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I admire it because it teaches us humility.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】Newton recognizes that every great leap forward of his own is built upon the foundations laid by those who came before, the giants of the past.（运用了that引导的宾语从句、who引导的定语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jack’s grandfather lived in the countryside. One summer holiday, he went to visit his grandfather, with whom he played all the time. One day he suddenly said to his grandfather, “When I grow up, I want to become a successful man. Can you tell me some ways to be successful?” Seeing Jack’s innocent eyes, the grandfather nodded. However, without saying anything, he took Jack to a nearby nursery. From the nursery, his grandpa bought two small plants and came back home. Then he planted one plant in a pot and kept it inside the house and planted the other outside the house. After finishing planting, he asked Jack, “Which of these two plants do you think will grow better in the future?” Jack kept thinking for some time and then said, “That plant inside the house will grow better because it is safe from every danger while the plant outside is at risk of many things like strong sunlight, storms, animals and so on.” The grandfather smiled and said, “Let’s see what will happen in the future.” After that Jack left with his parents. Four years later, Jack came back to visit his grandfather again. Upon seeing his grandfather, Jack said, “Grandpa, last time I asked you some ways to be successful, but you did not tell me anything. This time you have to tell me.” The grandfather smiled and said, “Sure, but first, let’s take a look at the plants that we bought a few years ago.” Saying this, he took Jack to the place where he had planted the small plant in a pot. Jack found the plant had turned into a tree. Then the grandfather took Jack to look at the plant which they had planted outside. There stood a huge tree. Its branches spread far and wide, providing shade to passers-by. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。 The grandfather looked at Jack and asked, “Tell me which plant grew better?” _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Jack nodded, the grandfather continued his words. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The grandfather looked at Jack and asked, “Tell me which plant grew better?” Jack pointed at the huge tree standing outside with a confused look. Seeing the boy’s innocent eyes and sensing his uncertainty, the grandfather explained that while the plant outside had to face many challenges, overcoming these difficulties ultimately made it stronger. With a smile, he added, “In order to fight against rainstorms, it needed to stand firm; to survive droughts, it should force itself to root in depth. As a result, it grew strong and resilient, capable of enduring anything. Isn’t it impressive?” Jack nodded, the grandfather continued his words. “Four years ago, you asked me about ways to be successful. Now, the tree is the answer,” the grandfather said. As Jack gazed at the huge tree with its branches spreading far and wide and providing shade to passers-by, his grandfather elaborated that being ready to face this world despite all the dangers meant no goal was impossible to achieve. He then patted Jack on the shoulder, offering this wisdom, “Never think of problems as troubles; instead, view them as steps towards personal growth.” With this newfound insight, Jack understood the true meaning of success. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。Jack的祖父住在乡下，Jack去探望时询问成功的秘诀。祖父通过种植两株植物来教育他：一株放在室内，一株放在室外。四年后，室外的树长得更大，为路人遮荫。祖父以此告诉Jack，经历风雨才能茁壮成长，即成功需经历挑战。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“爷爷看着Jack问道:“告诉我哪种植物长得更好？””可知，第一段可以描写Jack的回答以及爷爷的解释对此的解释。 ②由第二段句首内容“Jack点点头，祖父继续他的话。”可知，第二段可以描写爷爷对于如何成功的解释。 2.续写线索：哪种植物长得更好—疑惑—解释长得好的原因—继续—成功的方法—感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①解释：explain/elucidate ②面对：face/confront ③克服：overcome/conquer 情绪类 ①困惑的：confused/puzzled ②忍受：endure/bear 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Jack pointed at the huge tree standing outside with a confused look.( 运用了现在分词standing作状语) 【高分句型2】Seeing the boy’s innocent eyes and sensing his uncertainty, the grandfather explained that while the plant outside had to face many challenges, overcoming these difficulties ultimately made it stronger. ( 运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型3】As Jack gazed at the huge tree with its branches spreading far and wide and providing shade to passers-by, his grandfather elaborated that being ready to face this world despite all the dangers meant no goal was impossible to achieve. (运用了As引导时间状语从句、with复合结构) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年第一学期学业质量检测 高三 英语 说明： 1.答题前，请将姓名、班级和学校用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写在答题卡指定的位置上，并正确粘贴条形码。 2.全卷共10页，考试时间120分钟，满分120分。 3.作答单项选择题时，选出每题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目答案标号的信息点框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。作答非选择题时，用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔把答案写在答题卡指定区域内，写在本试卷或草稿纸上，其答案一律无效。 4.考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 2024 International Youth Journalism Contest The 2024 International Youth Journalism Contest, sponsored by Youth Journalism International, promotes a free youth press by recognizing exceptional work in English by student reporters. ●Categories Student Journalist Of The Year To recognize exceptional work in journalism by a student journalist. Journalism Educator Of The Year To honor a teacher who inspires students and brings out the very best in them. Courage In Journalism Award To recognize an individual youth journalist who showed particular courage in pursuing a story despite danger, official roadblocks, or other unusual obstacles. Jacinta Marie Bunnell Award To honor an individual who gave voice to an important issue in a single opinion piece or a series of opinion pieces devoted to the same topic. ●Important Notice We require that all entries be accessible online. You must include a public link to every entry you submit, which should be accessible to anyone who has the link. Journalists who meet the criteria of being 19 years old or younger and not employed professionally at the time of publication are qualified to participate from any country. ●Admission Fee A fee of $35 is required for each category you enter. However, if the fee presents a financial hardship, you may apply for an exemption (免除), which are limited to two entries per participant. 1. What is the aim of the contest concerning student reporters? A. To help explore their own talents. B. To advocate their free expressions. C. To collect their outstanding works. D. To increase their impact in the field. 2. Which award honors a young journalist for bringing attention to a significant problem? A Student Journalist Of The Year. B. Journalism Educator Of The Year. C. Courage In Journalism Award. D. Jacinta Marie Bunnell Award. 3. Which of the following is a requirement to enter the competition? A. Being a grown-up amateur journalist. B. Making your entries available online. C. Applying for no more than two entries. D. Paying $35 for your competitive event. B Baking lover and her bakery with “silent” staffers Some people may open a bakery to turn their passion into a profession. Some open a bakery to realize their childhood dream. For Zheng Xiaoyan, founder of Silent Bread Tree, the main reason she chose to do so is less common. The idea to open a bakery emerged when Zheng learned from a silent friend in a baking course about the difficulties they face in job hunting. She began to wonder what she could do for them, until she got inspiration from the success of a bakery in Changsha, which is run by a German couple that hires silent people. “I decided that I would also open a bakery like theirs to help some silent people in need,” told Zheng. “And that’s why I named it ‘Silent Bread Tree’. Hopefully the jobs provided here can help the silent people feed themselves, just like bread trees feed people with their bread-like fruit,” Zheng added. The bakery has 16 employees, six of whom are hearing and speech-impaired. The principle here is to treat all staffs in the same way wherever possible, and avoid signs indicating which staff members are different. “When we asked whether to put the words ‘Pat me if you need help’ on the back of their uniform, our silent staffs said ‘No’. That was when I realized that they just don’t want others to know they’re different,” Zheng recalled. Although knowing what she could do for the silent community is very limited, Zheng said the efforts the silent staffs have made to keep the bakery running keep inspiring her to do even more. For every product sold, the bakery donates 0.01 yuan to help provide artificial cochlea implants (人工耳蜗) to the hearing and speech-impaired children in rural areas. “If hearing-impaired children could have artificial cochleae implants at an early age, their lives could be completely transformed. They would be able to live like people with no difficulties in hearing,” said Zheng. 4. Why did Zheng open the bakery? A. To offer the silent people jobs. B. To make her dream come true. C To turn her hobby into a career. D. To learn from the German couple. 5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The story about the bread tree. B. The meaning of the bakery name. C Zheng’s expectation of the future. D. Zheng’s satisfaction with her store. 6. What can we learn about the silent staffs from paragraph 4? A. They value equal treatment. B. They enjoy great social respect. C. They consider customers disturbing. D. They have poor communication skills. 7. Which word best describes Zheng? A. Confident. B. Optimistic. C. Broad-minded. D. Kind-hearted. C For many years researchers focused on what people know about science, thinking that “To know science is to love it.” But do people who think they know science actually know science? A new study led by Cristina Fonseca of the Genetics Society, Laurence Hurst of the Milner Centre for Evolution (进化) reveals that people with strong attitudes tend to believe they understand science, while neutrals (中立者) are less certain. Absolute attitudes, both for and against, build on high self-confidence in knowledge about science. The study performed a survey of over 2,000 UK adults, asking them both about their attitudes to science and their belief in their own understanding. Questions focused on genetic (基因的) science, for example, “How would you rate your understanding of what the term DNA means?” All individuals were scored from zero (they know they have no understanding) to one (they are confident that they understand). The results suggest that those at the attitudinal extremes — both strongly supportive and firmly opposing — have very high self-belief in their own comprehension, while those answering neutrally do not. Psychologically, the team suggests, this makes sense: to hold a strong opinion you need to strongly believe in the correctness of your interpretation of the basic facts. Results of previous studies also indicate that those more accepting of science both believe they understand it and score well on the textbook fact (true/false) questions. By contrast, people with strong negative attitudes to science tend to be overconfident about their level of understanding. Whether it be climate change or GM foods, important science can inspire strong and opposing attitudes. Understanding how to communicate science requires an awareness of why people may hold such different attitudes to it. When it was thought that what mattered most for scientific literacy was scientific knowledge, science communication focused on passing information from scientists to the public. However, this approach may not be successful, and in some cases can have adverse effects. Working to address the gap between what people know and what they believe they know may be a better strategy. 8. What is the new study mainly about? A. An assessment of people’s interest in genetics. B. A survey of various attitudes towards evolution. C. A report of people’s general knowledge of science. D. An analysis of factors on people’s belief in science. 9. Why does the author mention previous studies in paragraph 3? A. To support the findings of the study. B. To clarify the concept of confidence. C. To stress the importance of basic facts. D. To compare different research methods. 10. What does the underlined word “adverse” mean in the last paragraph? A. Random. B. Negative. C. Indirect. D. Favorable. 11. As for science communication, which would the author agree with? A. It should help people boost confidence. B. It should focus on scientific knowledge. C. It should inspire people to score well in tests. D. It should emphasize objective awareness of oneself. D Whether playing tricks or holding funerals in the wild, crows have surprised the public with their unexpected capabilities. But their “intelligence” knows no bounds. A new study published in Current Biology revealed for the first time that crows can use statistical logic to solve problems. Crows have a large brain for their size and a particularly noticeable forebrain, associated with statistical and analytical reasoning in humans. “In our lab, crows have shown complicated numerical competence and careful consideration during decision-making,” said Dr. Melissa Johnston, a fellow at the University of Tübingen. In her recent work, Johnston and her team pushed these abilities to a new extreme, testing statistical reasoning. In the experiment, two crows were first trained to peck (啄) at various images on touchscreens to earn food treats; and gradually they had to choose between two of these images, each corresponding to a different reward probability. “Crows were tasked with learning rather abstract quantities and then applying that combination of information in a reward maximizing way,” Johnston detailed. Over 10 days of training and 5,000 trials, the two crows managed to pick the higher probability of reward, showing their ability to use statistical inference. To researchers’ much surprise, even after a month without training, the crows still perform well every time. Statistical reasoning involves using limited information about a situation to draw conclusions and make decisions. People unknowingly use such cognitive ability every day. When we select cafes for social meetups, our brains automatically weigh collected statistics from past observations and favor the one more capable of meeting needs. Similarly, crows remembered and analyzed the connections between the images and the reward probabilities to make themselves get the most treats possible. Crows once symbolized misfortune and death, causing them disliked even killed by people. Actually, they are among the few animals to adapt to urbanization successfully due to underestimated intelligence. “I think these studies do help change public views and improve our relationship with these lovely animals,” Johnston stated. 12. What makes crows’ intelligence possible? A. Their limitless abilities of tricks. B. Their social leaning in the wild. C. Their physical structure of brains. D. Their training received in the lab. 13. Which of the following best describes the research process in paragraph 3? A. Instruct, task, and retest. B. Train, perform, and record. C. Assume prove, and reflect. D. Prepare, teach, and examine. 14. How does the author explain statistical inference in paragraph 4? A. By sharing a personal experience. B. By quoting a previous study. C. By making a detailed comparison. D. By using a common example. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Food Prize Competition: Crows Choosing Rewards B. Urban Bird Survival Strategies: Living with People C. Beyond Tricks: Surprise of Crows’ Statistical Reasoning D. Animal Behavior Study: Training Crows in Experiments 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 This is something that all of us have noticed countless times in our daily lives. Whether you’re trying to read the fine print in a commercial or trying to make out a person’s face from a distance — it always helps to see better when you squint (眯起) your eyes. ____16____ There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. ____17____ If you think for a while you’ll find squinting is a different matter. If squinting meant making your eyes become stress balls, we’d all be in a lot of trouble. ____18____ When light hits an object, it bounces off its surface and enters our eyes. The light travels through the eye lens (晶状体). The lens then focuses the light rays, which fall on the retina (视网膜). A chemical present in the retina turns light into electric signals, which are then transmitted to the brain. The brain processes the signals and ultimately allows us to see stuff. The act of squinting, quite obviously, alters the shape of the space through which light passes, which helps us form a clear image on the retina. What’s more, light from different directions enters and is subsequently perceived by the eye. ____19____ However, when you’re trying to focus on something, if there’s light entering from multiple directions, the lens will be overloaded. By squinting, focusing light rays becomes more precise. Squinting does not damage your eyesight. ____20____ It’s one thing to occasionally squint in order to make out something far away. But if you find yourself doing it all the time, getting your eyes tested should be your focus. A. Actually, that’s not exactly the case. B. Has it ever occurred to you why this happens? C. Squinting does two major things to improve our vision. D. However, doing it for long periods of time can lead to dry eyes. E. Normally, this is a great thing, as it feeds your situational awareness. F. A number of biological components actually constitute the human eye. G. Before revealing the secret behind it, let’s learn about how we see things. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I remember a moment when I felt like everything was falling apart. At fifteen years old, I found myself in a hospital bed, unable to ___21___. It was a result of an accident during a fishing trip with a friend. My ___22___ of becoming an athlete was broken along with my backbone. I pushed away my loved ones and struggled to ___23___ my new reality. Returning home, I faced the challenge of getting around in a wheelchair. At first, I let my___24___ get in the way, refusing to ask for help even when it ___25___ missing out on experiences I enjoyed. I later realized that accepting ___26___ from others was not a sign of weakness but a necessary step towards ___27___ my independence and happiness. A turning point came when I met a friend who ___28___ me to try wheelchair sports. I ___29___ in table tennis and participated in the Wheelchair Games in Montreal, where I witnessed the incredible____30____ of the athletes. One incident that highlighted the daily obstacles faced by____31____people occurred when I encountered a girl struggling to jog up a hill. I didn’t let her struggles discourage me. ____32____, I used humor to overcome the situation and challenge negative ____33____. Looking back, I realize that the ____34____ was not the end of my life but the beginning of an incredible one. I am ____35____ for the support that have come my way. As I continue to work towards making a difference, I believe that my best day is yet to come. 21. A. breathe B. live C. think D. move 22. A. memory B. dream C. promise D. mission 23. A. rely on B. turn down C. adjust to D. figure out 24. A. regret B. pride C. desire D. envy 25. A. meant B. required C. allowed D. deserved 26. A. sympathy B. instruction C. praise D. assistance 27. A. transforming B. rewarding C. regaining D. sacrificing 28. A. motivated B. offered C. expected D. requested 29. A. volunteered B. excelled C. improved D. struggled 30. A. patience B. integrity C. courage D. endurance 31. A. super B. normal C. disabled D. talented 32. A. Rather B. Moreover C. Therefore D. However 33. A. actions B. attitudes C. outcomes D. approaches 34. A. adventure B. conflict C. accident D. obstacle 35. A. honored B. admired C. hopeful D. grateful 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 OpenAI released its first large-scale text-to-video model Sora on Friday, February 16. It can generate one-minute-long high-definition videos based on user input inspires. ___36___ its functions are not new to artificial intelligence models, Sora has made a major step forward. OpenAI claimed in ___37___ news release that Sora will become an important milestone in achieving Artificial General Intelligence. Yet however realistic Sora videos may appear, they are still digital simulations and not real___38___ (film) reality. The development of AI-created videos lead to a phenomenon called “Post-truth”, ___39___ (refer) to a cultural climate in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief. The birth of Sora videos might make the situation ___40___ (bad). Before popularizing such new technology as Sora, the challenges should be assessed and prepared for in advance. For instance, the government could make it compulsory for information providers ___41___ (identify) their provided information. ___42___ (addition), the emergence of Sora may lead to significant job losses in related industries such as film and television, ___43___ is a significant social risk that cannot be ignored. There have already been numerous in-depth studies on the potential job losses caused by the large-scale application of AI, and many a solution ___44___ (propose), including slowing down the pace of AI technology application, assisting in reemployment, and imposing AI ___45___ (tax). Now, the overnight popularity of Sora reminds people that it is time to accelerate, refine and implement these measures. 第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 校英文报“学习科学家精神”栏目征稿。请你就你最欣赏的名言“If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.” By Isaac Newton”写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 你欣赏的原因； 2. 你从中学到什么？ 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A quote I admire from the famous scientist Isaac Newton _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jack’s grandfather lived in the countryside. One summer holiday, he went to visit his grandfather, with whom he played all the time. One day he suddenly said to his grandfather, “When I grow up, I want to become a successful man. Can you tell me some ways to be successful?” Seeing Jack’s innocent eyes, the grandfather nodded. However, without saying anything, he took Jack to a nearby nursery. From the nursery, his grandpa bought two small plants and came back home. Then he planted one plant in a pot and kept it inside the house and planted the other outside the house. After finishing planting, he asked Jack, “Which of these two plants do you think will grow better in the future?” Jack kept thinking for some time and then said, “That plant inside the house will grow better because it is safe from every danger while the plant outside is at risk of many things like strong sunlight, storms, animals and so on.” The grandfather smiled and said, “Let’s see what will happen in the future.” After that Jack left with his parents. Four years later, Jack came back to visit his grandfather again. Upon seeing his grandfather, Jack said, “Grandpa, last time I asked you some ways to be successful, but you did not tell me anything. This time you have to tell me.” The grandfather smiled and said, “Sure, but first, let’s take a look at the plants that we bought a few years ago.” Saying this, he took Jack to the place where he had planted the small plant in a pot. Jack found the plant had turned into a tree. Then the grandfather took Jack to look at the plant which they had planted outside. There stood a huge tree. Its branches spread far and wide, providing shade to passers-by. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。 The grandfather looked at Jack and asked, “Tell me which plant grew better?” _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Jack nodded, the grandfather continued his words. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$