新概念英语第三册 Lesson 21 Daniel Mendoza 学案

新概念第三册Lesson 21 Daniel Mendoza学生版 Part 1 Words and Expressions (1) boxing n. 拳击 (2) boxer n. 拳击手 两百年前在英国非常盛行的拳击比赛如今依然能够吸引多数男人的注意力。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 联想词：box office ___________________ (3) bare adj. 赤裸的 bare fisted ___________________ bare footed ___________________ bare legged ___________________ bareheaded___________________ 近义词：naked （全裸） nude adj. 光秃秃的； n. 裸体（雕象，油画） ___________________ 光秃秃的山坡 (4) prizefighter n. 职业拳击手（尤指古时赤手拳击手） (5) crude adj. 粗野的 (6) marquis n. 侯爵 (7) technically adv. 严格根据法律意义地 (8) science n. 科学 (9) popularity n. 名望 be in popularity _________________________ 翻译：These days, instant food is in great popularity. ________________________________________________________________________ popular adj. be popular ________ 受人喜爱 近义词：_________________________ ___________________ 成名 (10) adore v. 崇拜，爱戴 ___________________ A把B当...来崇拜 越来越多小女孩把Lady Gaga当女神来崇拜。 _______________________________________________________________________ _______________ n. 崇拜，爱戴 她常常用充满崇拜的眼神看着她丈夫。 _______________________________________________________________________ (11) alike adv. 一样地 不论男女老少，人人都爱杰克逊。 _______________________________________________________________________ 以a- 开头的表语形容词：________________________ (12) fame n. 名声 (13) eminent adj. 著名的，杰出的 近义词：___________________________ 尽管他是一个著名的科学家，在负债之后还是被送进了监狱。 _______________________________________________________________________ (14) bitterly adv. 厉害地 ______________ adj. 苦的，辛酸的，刺骨的 翻译：Bitter pills may have wholesome effects. __________________________ 猜测以下词组中bitter的含义： bitter enemies ______________ bitter words ______________ bitter winter ______________ bittersweet memory ________________________ (15) bet v. 打赌 bet (money) on sth. ________________ I bet that… ________________ 我肯定这一次中国足球队一定能夺得世界杯冠军。 ________________________________________________________________________ bet one’s bottom dollar on … _______________________ (16) academy n. 专业学校 (17) extravagant adj. 浪费的，奢侈的 反义词：____________________________ 翻译：I felt very extravagant spending $100 on a dress. ________________________________________________________________________ 前缀extra- 其他以extra开头的词有：______________________________________ (18) poverty n. 贫困 ___________________ 在贫困当中 翻译：He is content in poverty and devoted to spiritual wealth. ___________________ 中国西部有许多人生活在贫困线以下。 ________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________ 贫困地区 Part 2 Text (1) (Ph1) Boxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago. In those days, boxers fought with bare fists for prize money. Because of this, they were known as ‘prizefighters’. · 词组：in those days _________，反义：_______________________ fight with bare fists 赤手空拳 · 扩展：fight for = s__________ _________________ fight against economic odds___________________ · 词组：be known as ___________________ 翻译：因为文明和魅力，新加坡被称作是“花园之城”。 ____________________________________________________________________ (2) However, boxing was very crude, for there were no rules and a prizefighter could be seriously injured or even killed during a match. · 单词：crude adj. 粗野的 近义词：________________ · 词组：be seriously injured = ______________________ · 亮词：kill 常用被动，解释为___________________，通常翻译成中文比较灵活，其他用法有： road-killer ___________________ We play chess to kill time. ________________________ My head is killing me. __________________________ (3) (Ph2) One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza, who was born in 1764. · 单词：colourful adj. ___________________ 近义词：______________________________ · 仿写：军事史上最引人注目的人物之一是拿破仑·波拿巴，他生于1769年，曾经在滑铁卢之战中惨败。 ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ (4) The use of gloves was not introduced until 1860, when the Marquis of Queensberry drew up the first set of rules. · 单词：introduce v. 介绍，引进 = ___________________ 翻译：烟草是从美洲引进欧洲的。 __________________________________________________ · 词组： draw up ___________________ a set of rules ___________________ · 句型：not...until...直到...才... 直到新总理上任后，政府才通过了这项法案。（2句） ____________________________________________________________________ =___________________________________________________________________ · 文化：the Marquis of Queensberry(1834-1900)，拳击规则的发明者 (5) Though he was technically a prizefighter, Mendoza did much tochange crude prizefighting into a sport, for he brought science to the game. · 词组：do much to do sth. __________________________ 反义：___________________ 翻译：他的到来丝毫没有解决这个问题。 ____________________________________________________________________ · 词组：change A into B _______________________ · 词组：bring … to … __________________，可用来替换上文中的哪一词？_______________ bring tears to eyes ___________________ bring the fact to light _________________ (6) In his day, Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity.He was adored by rich and poor alike. · 词组：in one’s day ________________________，day指______________________ enjoy tremendous popularity___________________ · 亮词：enjoy e.g. My grandma enjoys a good health. ____________________________________________________________________ 这本书自出版以来，一直卖得很好。 ____________________________________________________________________ (7) (Ph3) Mendoza rose to fame swiftly after a boxing match when he was only fourteen years old. This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries who was then the most eminent boxer in England. He offered to train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn. In fact, Mendoza soon became so successful that Humphries turned against him. · 词组：rise to fame swiftly___________________ attract the attention of sb. = _______________________ 吸引某人的注意 回忆以前学过的“吸引”：____________________________________________ · 词组：be quick to learn _______________________ turn against _______________________ 翻译：他失败时，墙倒众人推。 _________________________________________________________ · 篇章：Richard Humphries offered to train Mendoza because ___________________. A. he wanted to learn the techniques that Mendoza had introduced to boxing B. for one so young, Mendoza had displayed an unusual grasp of the game C. he had attended the boxing match which led to Mendoza’s early fame D. he was anxious to establish himself as a superior boxer to Mendoza (8) The two men quarrelled bitterly and it was clear that the argument could only be settled by a fight.A match was held at Stilton, where both men fought for an hour.The public bet a great deal of money on Mendoza, but he was defeated. · 词组：quarrel bitterly ___________________ settle the argument___________________ be defeated ___________________ (9) Mendoza met Humphries in the ringon a later occasion and he lost for a second time.It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England. · 亮词：meet v. ___________________ 韩国对朝鲜。_________________________________________________________ · 单词：ring n. ___________________ 扩展：football ________ 足球场，golf _______ 高尔夫球场， badminton _______ 羽毛球场 · 词组：on a later occasion___________________ · 句型：It was not until … that sb. did sth. 强调句式，意为______________________ (10) Meanwhile, he founded a highly successful Academy and even Lord Byron became one of his pupils. He earned enormous sums of money and was paid as much as £100 for a single appearance. · 扩展：中国科学院_______________________________ · 词组：sb. be paid as much as ... for a single appearance _______________________ · 亮点词：single 用来加强表达效果。如： I miss you every single day. ______________________________________。 翻译：我同意你说的每一句话。 __________________________________________________________________ (11) Despite this, he was so extravagant that he was always in debt.After he was defeated by a boxer called Gentleman Jackson, he was quickly forgotten.He was sent to prison for failing to pay his debts and died in poverty in 1836. · 词组：be in debt ___________________ be in + n. __________________________ be in trouble _____________ be in love ______________ be in the red ______________ 翻译：He is up to his ears in debt. He desperately wants to liquidate his fixed assets to pay the debts. ____________________________________________________________________ · 词组：die in poverty ___________________ Part 3 Critical thinking/Cultural background 1. The ups and downs of Daniel Mendoza impress the readers a lot. Please complete the following summary of Daniel Mendoza’s legendary life. born in 1764 ________________________ at the age of 14 became the pupil of Richard Humphries ________________________ for three times ____________________________ in 1790 founded ____________________________ _____________ by Gentleman Jackson failed to pay his debts ________________________ _____________________ in 1836. 2. You must have known someone whose experiences resemble those of Daniel Mendoza’s. Can you share the colorful figures you have ever knownwith others? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 新概念第三册Lesson 21 Daniel Mendoza教师版 Part 1 Words and Expressions (1) boxing n. 拳击 (a sport in which two people fight each other with their hands while wearing very large thick gloves) (2) boxer n. 拳击手 (a person who boxes, especially as a job) 两百年前在英国非常盛行的拳击比赛如今依然能够吸引多数男人的注意力。 Boxing matches which were popular in England 200 years ago can still attract the attention of most men. 联想词：box office 票房；售票处= ticket office (3) bare adj. 赤裸的 (not covered by any clothes) bare fisted 赤手空拳的 bare footed 光着脚的 bare legged 光着腿的 bare headed 没戴帽子的 近义词：naked （全裸） nude adj. 光秃秃的； n. 裸体（雕象，油画） a nude hillside光秃秃的山坡 (4) prizefighter n. 职业拳击手（尤指古时赤手拳击手） (5) crude adj. 粗野的 (in a natural or raw state) (6) marquis n. 侯爵 ((in some European countries but not Britain) a NOBLEMAN of high rank between a COUNT and a DUKE) (7) technically adv. 严格根据法律意义地 (according to the exact meaning, facts etc.) (8) science n. 科学 (knowledge about the structure and behavior of the natural and physical world, based on facts that you can prove, for example by experiments) (9) popularity n. 名望 (the state of being liked, enjoyed or supported by a large number of people) be in popularity 受欢迎，受喜爱 翻译：These days, instant food is in great popularity. 现在即食食品非常受欢迎。 popular adj. be popular with 受人喜爱 近义词：fame / reputation rise to fame 成名 (10) adore v. 崇拜，爱戴 (to love sb., very much) A adore B as… A把B当…来崇拜 越来越多小女孩把Lady Gaga当女神来崇拜。 More and more girls adore Lady Gaga as a living goddess. adoration n. 崇拜，爱戴 她常常用充满崇拜的眼神看着她丈夫。 She always looks at her husband with adoration. (11) alike adv. 一样地 (used after you have referred to two people or groups, to mean ‘both’ or ‘equality’) 不论男女老少，人人都爱杰克逊。 Jackson was loved by young and old, boys and girls alike. 以a- 开头的表语形容词：alone / asleep / awake / alive (12) fame n. 名声 (the state of being known and talked about by many people) (13) eminent adj. 著名的，杰出的 ([usually before noun] (of people) famous and respected, especially in a particular profession) 近义词：distinguished / famous / noted 翻译：尽管他是一个著名的科学家，在负债之后还是被送进了监狱。 Despite the fact that he’s an eminent scientist, he was sent to prison after failing to pay his debts. (14) bitterly adv. 厉害地 (（describing unpleasant or sad feelings）extremely ) bitter adj. 苦的，辛酸的，刺骨的 翻译：Bitter pills may have wholesome effects. 良药苦口利于病。 猜测以下词组中bitter的含义： bitter enemies 死敌 bitter words 恶言 bitter winter 严冬 bittersweet memory苦乐参半的回忆 (15) bet v. 打赌 (to risk money on a race or an event by trying to predict the result) bet (money) on sth. 把钱压在…上 I bet that… 我肯定…；我敢打赌… 我肯定这一次中国足球队一定能夺得世界杯冠军。 I bet that the Chinese Football Team will win the World Cup. bet one’s bottom dollar on … 对……孤注一掷 (16) academy n. 专业学校（a school or college for special training） (17) extravagant adj. 浪费的，奢侈的 (spening a lot more money or using a lot more of sth than you can afford or than is necessary) 反义词：thrifty, economical 翻译：I felt very extravagant spending $100 on a dress. 我觉得花一百美元买一条裙子太浪费了。 前缀extra- 其他以extra开头的词有： extraordinary (L1) / extraviolet 紫外线的/ (答案不唯一) (18) poverty n. 贫困（the state of being poor） in poverty 在贫困当中 翻译：He is content in poverty and devoted to spiritual wealth. 安贫乐道。 中国西部有许多人生活在贫困线以下。 Many people in the western China are living below the poverty line. poverty-stricken area / poor area 贫困地区 Part 2 Text 文化：丹尼尔.门多萨(1764-1836)是拳击史上最引人注目的人物之一 .虽然门多萨严格来讲不过是个职业拳击手，但在把这种粗野的拳击变成一种体育运动方面，他作出了重大贡献。是他把科学引进了这项运动。【学生版不出现】 (1) (Ph1) Boxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago. In those days, boxers fought with bare fists for prize money. Because of this, they were known as ‘prizefighters’. · 词组：in those days当时，反义：these days / at present / currently fight with bare fists 赤手空拳 扩展：fight for = struggle for 为……而奋斗，拼搏 fight against economic odds 与经济困难抗争 · 词组：be known as 被称作…… 翻译：因为文明和魅力，新加坡被称作是“花园之城”。 Because of its civilization and charm, Singapore is known as the “Garden City”. (2) However, boxing was very crude, for there were no rules and a prizefighter could be seriously injured or even killed during a match. · 单词：crude adj. 粗野的 近义词：rude · 词组：be seriously injured = be badly injured · 亮点词：kill 常用被动，解释为杀死，导致死亡，通常翻译成中文比较灵活，其他用法有： road-killer 马路杀手（指新手） We play chess to kill time. 打发、消磨时光 My head is killing me. 我头疼得要命。 (3) (Ph2) One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza, who was born in 1764. · 单词：colourful adj. 引人注目的；多彩的 近义词：remarkable / outstanding / extraordinary · 仿写：军事史上最引人注目的人物之一是拿破仑·波拿巴，他生于1769年，曾经在滑铁卢之战中惨败。(Napoleon Bonaparte) One of the most colorful figures in military history was Napoleon Bonaparte, who was born in 1769 and once defeated in the battle of Waterloo. （该句适用于介绍人物，包含了非限制性定语从句）【学生版不出现】 (4) The use of gloves was not introduced until 1860, when the Marquis of Queensberry drew up the first set of rules. · 单词：introduce v. 介绍，引进 = bring in 翻译：烟草是从美洲引进欧洲的。 Tobacco was introduced into Europe from America. · 词组： draw up 制定，草拟 a set of rules 一套规则 · 句型：not...until...直到...才... 直到新总理上任后，政府才通过了这项法案。（2句） The government did not get the bill through until the new premier took the chair. = It was not until the new premier took the chair that the government got the bill through. · 文化：the Marquis of Queensberry (1834-1900)，拳击规则的发明者 marquis侯爵。 扩展：公爵 Duke；侯爵Marquis； 伯爵 Earl； 子爵 Viscount；男爵 Baron 【学生版不出现】 (5) Though he was technically a prizefighter, Mendoza did much to change crude prizefighting into a sport, for he brought science to the game. · 词组：do much to do sth. 为……做出了很大的贡献 反义：do little to sth. 翻译：他的到来丝毫没有解决这个问题。 His arrival did little to solve the problem. · 词组：change A into B 把A变成B 回忆L4 换上工作服change into his overalls 换回西装change back into his suit【学生版不出现】 · 词组：bring … to … 引进，带入，可用来替换上文中的哪一词？introduce bring tears to eyes 热泪盈眶； bring the fact to light 公诸于世，曝光 (6) In his day, Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity. He was adored by rich and poor alike. · 词组：in one’s day 在某人的鼎盛时期，day指幸运或顺利的时期 enjoy tremendous popularity 享有盛誉 · 亮词：在书面语中，用n.总是比用adj./ v.更正式，enjoy在这种转换中起了重要作用【学生版不出现】 e.g. My grandma enjoys good health. 我的奶奶身体一直很好。 这本书自出版以来，一直卖得很好。 The book has enjoyed large sales since its publication. (7) (Ph3) Mendoza rose to fame swiftly after a boxing match when he was only fourteen years old. This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries who was then the most eminent boxer in England. He offered to train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn. In fact, Mendoza soon became so successful that Humphries turned against him. · 词组：rise to fame swiftly一举成名 attract the attention of sb. = attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意 回忆以前学过的“吸引”：fascinate/ appeal to sb.// occupy / arrest / capture one’s attention (答案不唯一) · 词组：be quick to learn 一学就会，学得快 turn against 变成和…敌对；反目成仇 翻译：他失败时，墙倒众人推。When he failed, everyone turned against him. · 篇章：Richard Humphries offered to train Mendoza because ___________________. A. he wanted to learn the techniques that Mendoza had introduced to boxing B. for one so young, Mendoza had displayed an unusual grasp of the game C. he had attended the boxing match which led to Mendoza’s early fame D. he was anxious to establish himself as a superior boxer to Mendoza 答案：B 从上文的 “Mendoza rose to fame swiftly” “This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries”可推测出答案【学生版不出现】 (8) The two men quarrelled bitterly and it was clear that the argument could only be settled by a fight. A match was held at Stilton, where both men fought for an hour. The public bet a great deal of money on Mendoza, but he was defeated. · 词组：quarrel bitterly 激烈争吵 settle the argument解决争吵 be defeated 失败，被打败 (9) Mendoza met Humphries in the ring on a later occasion and he lost for a second time. It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England. · 亮点词：meet v. 作战，交手，较量(常用于比赛) 韩国对朝鲜。South Korea meets North Korea. · 单词：ring n. 拳击场，球场 扩展：football pitch足球场，golf court高尔夫球场，badminton court羽毛球场 · 词组：on a later occasion还有一次 · 句型：It was not until … that sb. did sth. 强调句式，意为直到……某人才做某事 (10) Meanwhile, he founded a highly successful Academy and even Lord Byron became one of his pupils. He earned enormous sums of money and was paid as much as £100 for a single appearance. · 扩展：中国科学院 the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) AMPAS The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences美国电影艺术与科学学院（由超过6000位电影节的专业或资深人士组成的非营利组织，同时也是奥斯卡金像奖的主办单位。） 【学生版不出现】（可根据学生情况决定是否补充） · 词组：sb. be paid as much as ... for a single appearance 一次出场费就高达…… · 亮点词：single 用来加强表达效果。如： I miss you every single day. 我天天都想你。 翻译：我同意你说的每一句话。 I agree with every single word you’ve said. (11) Despite this, he was so extravagant that he was always in debt. After he was defeated by a boxer called Gentleman Jackson, he was quickly forgotten. He was sent to prison for failing to pay his debts and died in poverty in 1836. · 词组：be in debt 负债累累，债台高筑 be in + n. 处于……的状态中 be in trouble 陷入困境 be in love 恋爱中 be in the red 赤字，负债 · 翻译：He is up to his ears in debt. He desperately wants to liquidate his fixed assets to pay the debts. 他债台高筑，现在已急不可待，想把固定资产变成现金还债。 · 词组：die in poverty在贫困潦倒中死去 Part 3 Critical thinking/Cultural background 1. The ups and downs of Daniel Mendoza impress the readers a lot. Please complete the following summary of Daniel Mendoza’s legendary life. born in 1764 rose to fame swiftly at the age of 14 became the pupil of Richard Humphries fought with Humphries for three times beat Humphries in the third match in 1790 founded a highly successful Academydefeated by Gentleman Jackson failed to pay his debts sent to prisondied in poverty in 1836. 2. You must have known someone whose experiences resemble those of Daniel Mendoza’s. Can you share the colorful figures you have ever known with others? 答案不唯一，可以请学生事先准备，说说他们所了解的具有传奇一生或历经跌宕起伏的人物，古今中外皆可，课堂上与大家分享。参考答案：武则天，毛泽东，拿破仑…… 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$