Unit 4 Friends Forever 单元达标检测(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册（外研版2019）

[本卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟] 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、 D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Dear Dani， My friend makes up stories about things she has done all the time and other people at school believe her.What should I do? Anna Dani says： Often people make things up because they're worried that they are not interesting.So let your friend know that she doesn't need stories to make friends or impress others.Point out that when others discover the truth, they won't be impressed at all. Dear Dani， I have two best friends and they're always leaving me out! They never invite me to anything.What can I do? Tom Dani says： Groups of three can be very difficult because one person often gets left out.Your friends may not realize how you feel.Talk to them about this and agree to plan the next outing together.With a bit of effort, a group of three can be a wonderful friendship! Dear Dani， I told my friend a secret, but then I found out she told it to somebody else.What can I do? Daisy Dani says： We all make mistakes so give your friend another chance.But tell her that your secret is important to you and that she must not do this again.If your friend finds it hard to keep a secret, be careful what you tell her in future. Dear Dani， I'm friends with a boy, but some girls keep laughing at me about it.Can't girls be friends with boys as well? Mary Dani says： Of course girls can be friends with boys.Some girls laugh at this because they don't really know any boys.Carry on enjoying your friendship.If the girls got to know this boy, they might stop teasing you.Why not invite one or two of them along next time you meet him? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。丹尼就四个读者在交友过程中遇到的问题给予了合理的建议。 1．Whose friend has a big mouth? A．Tom.　　　　　 B．Mary. C．Anna. D．Daisy. 解析　细节理解题。根据黛西写信的内容可知，她的朋友将她的秘密告诉了其他人，所以黛西的朋友嘴不严实。 答案　D 2．What does the underlined word “teasing” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Avoiding. B．Hating. C．Making fun of. D．Taking pity on. 解析　词义猜测题。根据最后一封信中的“some girls keep laughing at me about it”和“Some girls laugh at this”可推知，tease意为“嘲笑”。 答案　C 3．What does Dani probably do according to the passage? A．Adviser. B．Storyteller. C．Researcher. D．Teacher. 解析　推理判断题。文中的四封信都是写给丹尼的，而且丹尼给他们一一回复并给出了建议，由此可知，丹尼很可能是某个专栏的顾问。 答案　A B Rehmat and His Perfume He smelled beautiful as he leaned across the table to pour my coffee.I later learned his name was Rehmat.He works in the hotel where we are staying in Fujairah, UAE.I couldn't resist it and had to tell him his scent was beautiful.He thanked me. As I continued to enjoy my breakfast, Rehmat returned to my table.He presented me with his perfume.He said there wasn't much left in it but he wanted to give it to me as a gift.I was touched! What a kind man! He had gone to his bag and fetched me the gift.Of course, I couldn't take this gift；it's too much. I decided that I would give a gift to Rehmat.I went to my room and brought down a little Irish Celtic Cross coaster (玻璃杯垫)．When I returned to the dining area, he was gone but the manager said he would send Rehmat to my room.I gave Rehmat the little coaster.He was so touched.It was the first time in his three years here that a guest had given him something.He kept touching his heart and bowing his head. Rehmat is from Pakistan.He told me he was going to immediately send a photo of this to his mum and other family members, and tomorrow Rehmat was going to bring me some fruit from his home.I think he said he was also going to take us to his home to enjoy their hospitality (好客)． Rehmat thinks I have made his day.The truth is, he warms my heart more than he can possibly know.I think I have made another friend.My friends, what a joy to open our hearts and be blessed in return with a grateful and loving heart of another! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者和雷赫马特相识的故事，并感悟出最好的友谊是给予。 4．Why did the writer refuse Rehmat's gift? A．There wasn't much left in it. B．The writer thought it was too expensive. C．The writer's friends didn't like the smell. D．The writer had nothing to give Rehmat in return. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I couldn't take this gift; it's too much” 可知，作者拒绝雷赫马特的礼物的原因是作者觉得它太贵重了。 答案　B 5．Why did the writer give Rehmat a coaster as a gift? A．To exchange for his perfume. B．To thank for his kindness. C．To remind him of his parents. D．To help him get out of trouble. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“What a kind man！”可推知，作者回赠给雷赫马特一个玻璃杯垫是因为想要感谢雷赫马特的善举。 答案　B 6．What made Rehmat's day? A．He received a gift from a customer. B．He was to invite the writer to have dinner. C．He was to send a photo to his family. D．He was to return to his hometown immediately. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He was so...had given him something.”和最后一段可知，这三年里第一次有客人送他东西，这使得他很开心。 答案　A 7．What can we learn from the story? A．Never judge from appearances. B．A friend in need is a friend indeed. C．Where there is a will, there is a way. D．The best type of friendship is giving. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段和全文的主旨可知，作者和雷赫马特互赠礼物的举动使得作者又交到了朋友，故D项(最好的友谊是给予)的表达和原文相符。 答案　D C Technology has made online friendships possible.Online friends are people who have known each other through the Internet.Are online friendships as beneficial as face­to­face friendships? When you use social networking websites and chat rooms, you can easily find people with similar interests and hobbies.Making friends on the Internet is especially good for shy people who feel uncomfortable in social situations.It's often easier to share thoughts and feelings online.What's more, online friends can make people feel less lonely and help them solve problems. Although the Internet can encourage friendships, it has a major disadvantage.It's much easier for some people to cheat others because they are not face to face.Online friends only tell you what they want you to know.They sometimes exaggerate their good qualities and hide the less positive ones, so you can't be sure of what they really like. Some feel as strongly about their online friends as they do about their offline friends.But it's not unusual for online friends to become face­to­face friends.However, there are many people who believe that it's not possible for people to have deep relationships with online friends. People express different opinions about online friendships.However, most of them would agree that face­to­face friendships cannot be replaced by online friendships. [语篇解读]　科技使网络友谊成为可能，人们对网友的看法不同，但大部分人认为网友不会取代现实中的朋友。 8．How can you make online friends? A．By chatting with people personally. B．By exploring social networking websites. C．By finding people with different interests. D．By sharing thoughts face to face. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Online friends are people who have known each other through the Internet.”以及第二段中的“When you use social networking websites and chat rooms, you can easily find people with similar interests and hobbies.”可知B项正确。 答案　B 9．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．Some people may cheat others. B．Disadvantages of online friendship. C．Advantages of friendship in life. D．Advantages of online friendship. 解析　段落大意题。根据第三段中的第一句“Although the Internet can encourage friendships, it has a major disadvantage.”可知，本段主要讲述网络友谊的缺点。 答案　B 10．What does the underlined word “exaggerate” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Praise.　　　　 B．Own. C．Enlarge. D．Lack. 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“hide the less positive ones, so you can't be sure of what they really like”可推知，网友有时会夸大自己的优点，隐藏自己的缺点。 答案　C 11．What can we infer from the passage? A．Online friendships are dangerous. B．Online friendships are not important. C．Face­to­face friendships are not good. D．Face­to­face friendships will remain. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However, most of them would agree that face­to­face friendships cannot be replaced by online friendships.”可推知，现实中的友谊仍会存在。 答案　D D When you choose a friend, you should be very careful.A good friend can help you study.You can have fun together and make each other happy.Sometimes you will meet fair­weather friends.They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away.How do I know when I have found a good friend? I look for certain qualities in his character, such as understanding, honesty and reliability (可靠)． Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend.A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling.He won't be quick to judge.Instead, he will put himself in the other person's shoes, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful.He is also a good listener. At the same time, however, a good friend is honest.When he finds he makes mistakes, he will admit them and fix them.You can always have open conversations to express yourselves.In short, good friends will be honest to each other and accept each other. Another quality of a friend is reliability.I can always depend on a good friend.If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there.If I need a favor, he will do his best to help me.If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me. In addition to above all, there is a fourth quality that makes a friend special.A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun.He likes to do the same things as me.We share experience and learn from each other.Then we can enjoy our lives and our friendship. When I meet someone who has these qualities, I know I've found a good friend! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了好朋友需要具备的一些品质，如理解、诚实和可靠等。 12．What may happen to us if we have fair­weather friends? A．We will become rich. B．We can be sure that we get real friends. C．We will be refused when we get into trouble. D．They will give us all they have when we need help. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Sometimes you will meet...they will run away.”可知，如果我们有不能共患难的朋友，当我们有困难时，他们将会拒绝我们。 答案　C 13．Which of the following qualities the writer thinks is the most important in choosing a friend? A．Honesty. B．Understanding. C．Reliability. D．A sense of humor. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend.”可知，作者认为在选择朋友方面，最重要的品质就是“理解”。 答案　B 14．What should good friends do? A．Lend a helping hand when needed. B．Be helpful to each other's career. C．Always point out each other's mistakes. D．Have money or luck. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，好朋友值得信赖，在我们有需要时会伸出援手。 答案　A 15．What does this passage mainly discuss? A．The importance of having a friend. B．Where to choose friends. C．How to get along with friends. D．The qualities of a good friend. 解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“I look for certain qualities...honesty and reliability”以及倒数第二段中的“there is a fourth quality that makes a friend special”可知，这篇文章主要讲了好朋友需要具备的一些品质。 答案　D 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Studies show if you have good friends throughout your life, you will live longer.There is a lot of truth behind the common saying.You must first be one if you want some good friends. 16 Be real.People are bored with those who are always trying to be someone they are not.People are most comfortable around others who are comfortable in their own skin. 17 Even though you aren't perfect, the way you handle your strengths and faults with humility (谦逊) and confidence will give other people permission (许可) to be real and relaxed with you, as well. Be honest.Lies always have a way of coming to light.Try to be honest with everyone around you.Be reliable.Nobody wants to be friends with someone who lies.Also, friends will say the truth to each other, even when it's hard. Be a good listener. 18 Most times, people need more than good advice.They need someone to listen to them as they talk through their feelings.Ask them what's going on in their life and how they feel. 19 Time is one of the greatest gifts we have.When we share extra time with friends, we are giving that gift back to them.No friendship can develop overnight.It takes time.A real friend will take that time. 20 When you see your friends getting into a dangerous situation involved with drugs or alcohol, or maybe even a harmful relationship, step in timely and protect your friends from the dangers you see that come their way. A．So just be yourself. B．Encourage your friends. C．Care about your friends. D．Make time for your friends. E．Here are some tips you can refer to. F．Don't give up on your friends just because they are having difficulties. G．Don't watch television or text while your friends are sharing something with you. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何与朋友更好地相处提出了几条可以参考的建议。 16．解析　根据上文提到拥有好朋友的好处和下文提到具体的建议可知，E项承上启下，符合语境。 答案　E 17．解析　根据上文“People are most comfortable around others who are comfortable in their own skin.”可知，作者在这里建议我们要做真实的自己。 答案　A 18．解析　根据上文“Be a good listener.”可知，作者在这里建议我们要学会倾听朋友的倾诉，不要做其他事情。因此G项符合语境。 答案　G 19．解析　根据本段内容可知，本段主要陈述友情需要时间去培养。因此D项符合语境。选项中的“time”与下文中的“time”相呼应。 答案　D 20．解析　根据本段内容可知，本段主要陈述当朋友陷入危险的时候，要及时关心并保护他们。因此C项符合语境。 答案　C 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Pen pals Jill Stretton and Cathie Alexander live half a world apart.However, they've 21 a faithful correspondence (通信) for seven decades. The long­lived letter­writing relationship 22 in 1950 when 12­year­old Stretton from Australia was given Alexander's 23 by a friend.Back then, it sometimes took six weeks for a long­distance letter to reach its 24 ， but the pair established an instant rapport (融洽) after their first 25 that has grown 26 with time. Though the two women didn't meet in person until 1982, they felt as if they had truly 27 with one another, sharing life's moments through their letters.“She is just like one of the family，” Stretton said.“And we are still together as we ever were 70 years ago.That is quite 28 for people who've lost confidence in ever­lasting friendship.” Stretton and Alexander have never stopped 29 to one another.Along with hopes, dreams, photos, and family updates, through the years, their letters have contained their sweet life 30 —weddings, birthdays, graduation and so on. While they 31 write letters, with the development of technology, Stretton and Alexander have slightly bowed to the times.For longer messages, they've turned to the Internet, but they agree that nothing will 32 a handwritten note.“Now, we do 33 to send postcards rather than write long letters because we email each other now，” Stretton 34 honestly.But letter writing plays the most important part in their friendship. The two women's story proves that the 35 is nothing when it comes to true friendship. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述相隔大半个地球的两位女士通过书信保持着几十年的友谊的故事来告诉我们，只要是真正的友谊，距离从来不会成为阻碍。 21．A.ignored　　　　 B．selected C．sought D．maintained 解析　根据第二段中的“The long­lived letter­writing relationship”可知，她们有长久的书信往来关系，所以此处指她们保持(maintain)了长达七十年的通信。 答案　D 22．A.improved B．changed C．began D．disappeared 解析　根据第二段中的“in 1950 when 12­year­old Stretton from Australia...a friend”可知，她们之间长久的书信往来关系开始(begin)于1950年。 答案　C 23．A.email B．address C．number D．postcard 解析　根据上文中的“The long­lived letter­writing relationship in 1950”可知，她们作为笔友开始通信前首先需要知道对方的地址(address)。 答案　B 24．A.destination B．rate C．power D．intention 解析　根据语境并结合常识可知，她们之间的信件有时需要花费六周才能到达其目的地(destination)。 答案　A 25．A.adventure B．struggle C．exchange D．comment 解析　根据语境可知，两个女孩在第一次交流(exchange)后便立刻建立了融洽关系，且随着时间的推移，她们的关系越来越坚固(strong)。 答案　C 26．A.stronger B．weaker C．worse D．less 解析　参见上题解析。 答案　A 27．A.broken down B．grown up C．turned up D．settled down 解析　根据下文中的“sharing life's moments through their letters”可知，几十年来，她们通过书信分享着彼此的生活，虽然一直没有见面，但感觉就像是互相陪伴着成长(grow up)了似的。 答案　B 28．A.typical B．frightening C．convenient D．inspiring 解析　根据上文中的“And we are still together as we ever were 70 years ago”以及句中的“people who've lost confidence in ever­lasting friendship”可知，她们的友谊持续了几十年，让那些对永恒的友谊丧失信心的人很受鼓舞(inspiring)。 答案　D 29．A.responding B．speaking C．writing D．turning 解析　根据下文中的“through the years, their letters have contained their sweet life”可知，几十年来她们一直通过写信分享彼此的生活，所以此处表示她们从未停止给对方写信(write)。 答案　C 30．A.goals B．memories C．plans D．journeys 解析　根据句中的“weddings, birthdays, graduation and so on”可知，她们在信中分享的都是她们生活中美好的事情，这些都是属于她们的美好回忆(memory)。 答案　B 31．A.still B．gradually C．never D．eventually 解析　根据连词While和下文中的“For longer messages, they've turned to the Internet”可知，虽然她们仍(still)会写信，但对于较长的信息她们改用网络。 答案　A 32．A.determine B．impact C．measure D．replace 解析　根据下文中的“But letter writing plays the most important part in their friendship.”可知，写信在她们的友谊中扮演着最重要的角色。由此可推断，她们认为没有什么能取代(replace)手写的信件。 答案　D 33．A.pretend B．tend C．refuse D．fail 解析　根据下文中的“rather than write long letters because we email each other now”可知，因为她们用电子邮件发长信，所以在线下倾向于(tend to)寄明信片。 答案　B 34．A.apologized B．asked C．admitted D．argued 解析　根据语境可知，斯特雷顿坦言(admit)她们现在确实倾向于寄明信片而不是写长信。 答案　C 35．A.distance B．quality C．challenge D．profession 解析　通读全文可知，两位女士虽然相隔很远，但是她们几十年来一直用书信保持着彼此的友谊，并且友情没有因为距离受到任何影响，所以距离(distance)不会妨碍真正的友谊。 答案　A 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Everyone likes to have friends who are 36. (rely)．When what we say matches what we do, we earn trust and friendship.Therefore, the 37. (important) of keeping one's promise cannot be stressed too much. There was a story of someone 38. (break)his promise to his friend.Two men 39. were travelling through a forest together promised to help each other whatever danger threatened them.They had not gone far when a bear rushed them from some bushes.One man was a good climber, and climbed a nearby tree very quickly, but the other, seeing that he had no chance alone against the bear, fell flat 40. his back and pretended 41. (be) dead. The bear came up to him and sniffed at him.The bear thought the man was dead, so he went off into the wood again without hurting him.When he had gone, the other traveller came down from his tree, and smilingly asked his partner what the bear 42. (say) to him.“My best friend，” he said, “I saw the bear put his mouth close to your ear.” “He told me to tell you，” replied the other 43. (calm), “that you were 44. great coward, and that in the future I ought not to trust those who make fine promises, but will not stand by their friends in danger.” Don't trust fine promises 45. you trust the person who makes them. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过一个故事告诉我们对朋友信守承诺的重要性。 36．解析　考查形容词。此处作表语，应用形容词形式，rely的形容词为reliable。 答案　reliable　 37．解析　考查名词。空前为定冠词the，空后为介词of，因此设空处应用名词形式。句意：因此，遵守诺言的重要性怎么强调都不为过。 答案　importance　 38．解析　考查非谓语动词。该句中已有谓语was，故此处应用非谓语动词。someone与break之间为主动关系，故使用现在分词形式。句意：有一个关于某人违背对他的朋友的诺言的故事。 答案　breaking　 39．解析　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词，空前为名词men，空后句子缺少主语，故推测设空处引导定语从句。修饰men，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who或that。句意：要一起穿过森林的两个人承诺，无论什么危险危及他们，都要互相帮助。 答案　who/that　 40．解析　考查介词。fall flat on one's back某人仰面朝天。句意：一个人是爬树的好手，很快就爬上了附近的一棵树，但是另一个人看到自己没有独自对抗熊的可能性，就仰面朝天假装死了。 答案　on　 41．解析　考查非谓语动词。pretend to do sth 假装做某事，故填to be。 答案　to be　 42．解析　考查时态。设空处为what引导的宾语从句的谓语，asked是过去发生的动作，而“say”发生在asked之前，因此表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。句意：它(熊)走后，另一个旅行者从树上下来，微笑着问他的同伴熊对他说了什么。 答案　had said　 43．解析　考查副词。修饰动词replied应用副词形式。句意：另一个人平静地回答说：“它让我告诉你，你是个十足的懦夫，将来我不应该相信那些作出美好承诺但在危险中却不站在朋友一边的人。” 答案　calmly　 44．解析　考查冠词。此处指“你是个十足的懦夫”，表示泛指，coward为可数名词，且great的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。 答案　a　 45．解析　考查连词。设空处前后为两个完整的句子，应用连词连接。此处指“不要相信美好的诺言，除非你信任许下诺言的人”。空处意为“除非”，故填unless。 答案　unless　 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友汤姆(Tom)给你发来邮件，提到他上周作为交换生来到北京的一所学校学习，但一时交不到朋友，为此很苦恼。请你用英语给他回信，提一些建议。要点包括： 1.相信自己； 2.乐于助人； 3.参加活动。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Tom， I am glad to receive your letter, but Yours， Li Hua One possible version： Dear Tom， I am glad to receive your letter, but I am sorry to hear you're having trouble in making new friends in your new school.It is my pleasure to offer you some advice. Firstly, believe in yourself, smile and be friendly, because smiling is an open invitation to others.Secondly, you can look for people with the same interest as you, whom you are likely to get along with and share your happiness.Lastly, it is a good idea to help others when necessary.If you are always ready to help others, they will understand you better. I do hope my advice is of much help.Looking forward to your early reply. Yours， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I truly learned what a best friend is in my first year at high school.Kate and I were good friends and we were inseparable (分不开的)．We spent every day together and always had a good time. Then basketball season started and we were on the same team.After a few games, however, Kate got moved up to the Rose Cup full­time.I wouldn't admit it then, but in fact I envied (嫉妒) her much.Having different practice times, we began to see less of each other and talked less.Soon I was told by others that she was talking behind my back. One night, I called Kate to tell her about my new haircut.To my great surprise, the next day at school she told everyone that I copied her style because she had told me she wanted to get her cut like this.As a result, I was angry and quite disappointed with her.At noon she handed me a letter and walked away instead of talking with me.I couldn't accept the cruel words on the paper.In great anger，I wrote right back to her.Over the next week, we exchanged more hurtful letters.I cried myself to sleep every night, believing our friendship was over. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 One night my mom took me to Kate's home. It has been five months since we broke up with each other. One possible version： One night my mom took me to Kate's home.Our moms looked at each other, nervous and worried.Kate's mom asked us questions but we both kept silent.I stared at the floor, angry and sad.At last, I let everything out with tears in my eyes.The huge burden in my mind was slowly lifted as we each talked about how we were feeling these days.To my relief, it was all out.Suddenly, to my great surprise, Kate rose from her seat, crossed the room and hugged me with tears.Then I could hardly hold back my tears and hugged her back. It has been five months since we broke up with each other.Last weekend we played together again, laughed a lot and had a good time.It makes me happy that we are not only learning to care about each other more but also value our friendship.Now I know whenever I am asked about my friends at high school, Kate will be my best friend forever. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$