Unit 4 Friends Forever Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册（外研版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·哈尔滨德强高中期中)Mark Smith and Jarryd Haines are good friends.The two boys from Sydney have known each other for most of their lives.Both of them enjoy playing Australian football. A few years ago, when Mark was nine, he developed brain cancer.The disease robbed(夺走)the boy of his sight, part of his hearing and his ability to play his favorite sport.However, throughout the years, Jarryd and Mark have maintained the close relations.They still share their love of Australian football.And they still enjoy talking about the Sydney Swans, their favorite team. Two weeks ago, I took my seat at the Sydney Cricket Ground to watch the Sydney Swans.The old stadium was crowded with fans.Shortly into the second quarter, I heard some great commentaries(现场解说)from a boy.Jarryd was bringing the game to life.I turned and saw him.Mark was sitting next to him.Although he cannot see anymore, Mark still loves the Sydney Swans very much.Usually, he goes to the stadium and listens to the commentary on the radio.However, in the second quarter of that match, the radio system broke down.That was when his partner Jarryd stepped in. I hardly looked at the Sydney Swans and Buddy, the team's star player.Instead, I was focusing on Jarryd and Mark.“What's happening now, mate？” Mark asked.“Don't worry, Mark，”Jarryd replied.“Okay.Buddy's got it.Will he go for it? He's going for it! It's his tenth goal！” Mark listened carefully.He was lost in the magic of Australian football brought to life by his friend. Sports can be competitive.However, they can also enable us to share wonderful moments with others.Here, Jarryd and Mark have moved me, and perhaps some other spectators, with the best commentary. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对来自悉尼的好朋友Jarryd和Mark，他们都喜欢踢澳式足球。Mark在9岁时患上了脑癌，病魔夺去了他的视力和部分听觉，他再也不能进行自己最喜欢的运动了，但Jarryd一直陪伴着他。他们一起去看球赛，当无线电广播系统出现故障时，Jarryd为Mark提供了现场解说。 1．Why didn't Mark play Australian football any longer? A．He took up a new hobby. B．He lost his interest in it. C．He was unable to play it because of his disease. D．His favorite team—the Sydney Swans lost the game. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The disease robbed(夺走) the boy of his sight, part of his hearing and his ability to play his favorite sport.(这种疾病夺走了这个男孩的视力和部分听觉，并使他无法进行他最喜欢的运动。)”可知，Mark不再踢澳式足球是因为他的疾病。 答案　C 2．What did Jarryd do for Mark at the stadium? A．Jarryd helped Mark step into the stadium. B．Jarryd made Buddy score his tenth goal. C．Jarryd was lost in the magic of Australian football. D．He provided some commentaries for Mark when the radio system failed. 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Usually, he goes to the stadium and listens to the commentary on the radio...his partner Jarryd stepped in.”可知，通常，他会去体育场听电台的解说。然而，在这场比赛中，无线电广播系统出现了故障。这时，他的伙伴Jarryd介入。由此可推知，当无线电广播系统出现故障时，Jarryd为Mark提供了现场解说，故选D项。 答案　D 3．Which of the following words best describe Jarryd? A．Generous and active. B．Considerate and patient. C．Diligent and ambitious. D．Competitive and smart. 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘What's happening now, mate？’ Mark asked.‘Don't worry, Mark，’ Jarryd replied.‘Okay.Buddy's got it.Will he go for it? He's going for it! It's his tenth goal！’”可知，Jarryd一直在给Mark耐心讲解比赛，由此可推知，Jarryd是个体贴、有耐心的人。故选B项。A项“慷慨且活跃的”、C项“勤奋且有雄心的”和D项“好胜且聪明的”均不符合文意。 答案　B 4．What is the text mainly about? A．A lively commentary. B．The Sydney Swans and Buddy. C．An Australian football match. D．The precious friendship between two boys. 解析　主旨大意题。本文讲述了一对来自悉尼的好朋友Jarryd和Mark，他们都喜欢踢澳式足球。Mark在9岁时患上了脑癌，病魔夺去了他的视力和部分听觉，并使他再也不能进行自己最喜欢的运动了，但Jarryd一直陪伴着他。他们一起去看球赛，当无线电广播系统出现故障时，Jarryd为Mark提供了现场解说。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲两个男孩之间珍贵的友谊。故选D项。 答案　D B What you do after studying could have a big effect on how well you learn and remember.Today on Education Tips, we will explore two no­cost ways that can help you improve your learning: wakeful rest and sleep. When many students finish studying, they often go straight to another activity.Perhaps they look at their phones or computers.They might even play a video game or watch television.But research suggests that resting after your study may help you remember what you have studied. The basic idea is this: by stopping your activity after the study, your brain gets a chance to rest.Resting is difficult when you are playing computer games. While this might sound unusual to you, many studies have explored the benefits of resting after learning—what is called “wakeful rest”． A 2019 study found that both young and older adults were able to better remember information they learned after doing wakeful rest. If you want to give “wakeful rest” a try, here are a few simple things to do.Rest quietly for five to ten minutes.Do not look at your phone, read stories or play games.It is really that easy! Besides wakeful rest, sleep is also important for learning.The Division of Sleep Medicine at Harvard Medical School (HMS) notes that sleep helps people to learn in two ways.A report on the school's website explains that “a sleep­deprived person cannot focus attention well and therefore cannot learn well”．It also says, “Sleep itself helps us to memorize and that memorizing is very important for learning new information.” The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) suggests that adults between the ages of 20 and 64 get between 7 and 9 hours of sleep per day.Teenagers may need a little bit more, and people over the age of 65 may need a little less. Try to get some “wakeful rest” after a study.Then try to get a good night's sleep.That's it—a simple，no­cost way to help you remember what you learn. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为“清醒式休息”的休息方式， 指在学习后停止活动， 让大脑有机会休息， 从而能更好地记住所学信息。还介绍了这一休息方式的操作方式， 除了清醒式休息， 睡眠对学习也很重要， 就此介绍了睡眠对人们的影响和各年龄段的人合适的睡眠时间。 5．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The importance of sleep. B．The good ways to get a rest. C．The reason for having a rest. D．The types of resting activities. 解析　段落大意题。根据第三段“The basic idea is this: by stopping your activity after the study, your brain gets a chance to rest.Resting is difficult when you are playing computer games.”可知其基本思想是： 在学习结束后停止活动， 你的大脑就有机会休息。当你玩电脑游戏时， 休息就很困难。由此可知， 第三段的主要内容是休息的原因。 答案　C 6．Which activity might be recommended shortly after studying? A．Reading a newspaper. B．Playing a video game. C．Sitting there doing nothing. D．Having a nice sleep at night. 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“If you want to give ‘wakeful rest’ a try，here are a few simple things to do.Rest quietly for five to ten minutes.Do not look at your phone，read stories or play games.It is really that easy！”可知如果你想尝试一下“清醒式休息”， 这里有一些简单的事情可以做。安静地休息五到十分钟。不要看你的手机， 读故事或玩游戏。真的很简单！ 由此可知， C项在学习后可能会被推荐。 答案　C 7．How long should teenagers sleep each day according to NSF? A．Less than 7 hours. B．Just 7 hours. C．No more than 9 hours. D．Around 9 hours. 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知国家睡眠基金会建议20到64岁的成年人每天要睡7到9个小时。青少年可能需要多一点， 65岁以上的人可能需要少一点。结合选项可知， 根据国家睡眠基金会的说法， 青少年每天应该睡大约9个小时。 答案　D 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Low­cost Tips on Working B．Good Things to Do After Your Study C．Why Do We Need to Have a Good Sleep? D．How Long Should We Rest After Learning? 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段内容可知学习后做什么对你的学习和记忆有很大的影响。在今天的教育小贴士中， 我们将探索两种免费的方法来帮助你提高你的学习水平： 清醒式休息和睡眠。通读全文， 文章主要介绍了一种名为“清醒式休息”的休息方式， 指在学习后停止活动， 让大脑有机会休息， 从而能更好地记住所学信息。还介绍了这一休息方式的操作方式， 除了清醒式休息， 睡眠对学习也很重要， 就此介绍了睡眠对人们的影响和各年龄段人合适的睡眠时间。由此可知， B选项“学习后要去做的好事”最符合文章标题。 答案　B Ⅱ.完形填空 People say I was born middle­aged.It sounds 1 .I took on many family responsibilities at an early age, which meant 2 childish things long before my childhood was over.When you have adult 3 on your mind, it's hard to find time for play. As an adult, I was much 4 and had less time to play.But things changed one night.When I was cutting across the local park, I saw some swings there.Then I suddenly 5 happily playing on one, only several times, as a kid.And I suddenly 6 to play again without others around me.I 7 one swing, pushing myself to go high.Then I thought, “What if I get injured？” But that 8 couldn't bring me down.The best feelings of childhood hit me as I flew through the air. Later, neighbors with dogs came out.Some neighbors clearly 9 my swinging.Their eyes seemed to say, “Strange and crazy people appear when there's a moon！”I didn't 10 what they thought of me.After all, my 11 weren't hurting anyone.Besides, they'd understand the 12 if they tried swinging themselves. 13 ， I came down from the swing and went back home.The next night, I continued swinging.Some neighbors even 14 me.I was glad they found the fun of riding a swing. My childhood may be over, 15 that doesn't mean my playtime is over.Whenever I walk through the park, I will play on a swing for a while. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者儿时很忙，很少有时间玩耍。然而，成年后的一个晚上，作者爱上了玩秋千，重新找回了童年的乐趣。 1．A.sweet　　　　　 B．right C．simple D．serious 解析　分析语境可知，人们说作者出生时就是中年。这听上去很对。因为作者很小的时候就(像中年人那样)承担了很多家庭责任。 答案　B 2．A.looking for B．giving up C．going against D．taking down 解析　根据上文“I took on many family responsibilities at an early age”可知，作者小时候承担了很多家庭责任。这意味着作者童年时放弃了孩子该享有的许多快乐生活。 答案　B 3．A.matters B．friends C．sports D．studies 解析　根据上文“took on many family responsibilities”可知，作者小时候承担了很多家庭责任，脑海中有很多本应该成年人考虑的问题。 答案　A 4．A.quieter B．kinder C．busier D．healthier 解析　根据下文“and had less time to play”可知，作者现在更忙了。 答案　C 5．A.remembered B．began C．practiced D．considered 解析　根据语境可知，作者突然记起小时候仅有的几次快乐地荡秋千的经历。 答案　A 6．A.agreed B．continued C．learned D．wished 解析　根据语境可知，作者突然想要重温荡秋千的感受。 答案　D 7．A.applied for B．got on C．set up D．gave away 解析　根据语境可知，作者坐上了一个秋千，开始荡秋千。 答案　B 8．A.fear B．surprise C．warning D．disappointment 解析　根据上文What if I get injured？可知，作者害怕自己摔倒受伤。 答案　A 9．A.forgave B．disliked C．praised D．respected 解析　根据下文“Strange and crazy people appear when there's a moon！”可知，一些邻居明显不喜欢作者荡秋千这个行为。 答案　B 10．A.trust B．accept C．care D．record 解析　根据语境可知，作者不在乎那些邻居是如何看待自己的。 答案　C 11．A.attitudes B．troubles C．words D．actions 解析　根据语境可知，作者荡秋千这个行为并没有伤害任何人。 答案　D 12．A.honour B．duty C．pleasure D．challenge 解析　根据语境可知，作者认为，如果邻居自己尝试荡秋千，他们也会体会到其中的乐趣。 答案　C 13．A.Luckily B．Finally C．Sadly D．Amazingly 解析　根据语境可知，作者最后从秋千上下来，并回家了。 答案　B 14．A.noticed B．welcomed C．guided D．joined 解析　根据下文“I was glad they found the fun of riding a swing.”可知，一些邻居加入了作者荡秋千的行列。 答案　D 15．A.as B．so C．or D．but 解析　根据语境可知，虽然作者的童年结束了，但是玩耍的时间并没有结束。 答案　D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$