Unit2 Sports and Fitness Section Ⅰ Topic Talk(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册（北师大版2019）

[对应学生用书P46] Section Ⅰ　Topic Talk [对应学生用书P46] Ⅰ.重点单词 1．athlete n.　运动员 2．badminton n.　羽毛球 3．golf n.　高尔夫 4．gymnastics n.　体操 5．jog vi.&n.　慢跑 6．cycle vi.　骑自行车 7．bowling n.　保龄球 8．track n.　跑道 9．diet n.　日常饮食 10．stair n.　楼梯；梯级 11．net n.　(网球等的)球网；网 12．court n.　(网球等的)球场 13．within prep.　在……之内 14．frequency n．发生的频率，发生率 15．prefer vt.更喜欢 16．balanced adj.均衡的 17．regularly adv.经常；定期地 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．keep fit　保持健康 2．be dependent on　依靠；依赖 3．in...good/bad shape健康状况良好/不佳 Ⅲ.重点句型 1．prefer...rather than...更喜欢……而不是…… I prefer to play sports with friends rather than exercise by myself，so football is perfect for me! 我更喜欢和朋友一起运动，而不是自己一个人运动，所以足球对我来说再合适不过了！ 2．not only...but also...不但……而且…… One's health and wellness are dependent not only on diet，but also on sport and exercise. 一个人的健康不仅依赖于饮食，还依赖于运动和锻炼。 如何通过识别语境提升听力水平 语境是语言的阐述环境，根据这个环境，语言内容产生了相应的含义。听力理解是对说话人意图的理解，说话人是在特定的语言环境中表达自己的想法。因此，我们可以运用语境相关知识，结合话语内容，提高听力水平。听力中的语境可以分为语言语境和非语言语境。 一、从语言语境方面提高听力水平 语言语境包括语音、词汇、语法和语篇等方面。其中，语音和词汇层面对我们的听力能力水平影响最大。这里主要强调语音语境对听力提升的作用。 语音语境指的是语调、重音、停顿等等。例如对于语调来说，主要指附加疑问句。通常，附加疑问句有两种语调，如果句子结尾用降调，说明说话者想要得到听话者的肯定。如果结尾是升调，说明说话者自己也对自己说的话没有把握，想要得到听话者的答案。 　M：Janet is quite interested in camping，isn't she？↓ W：Yes，she often goes for weeks at a time. Q：What does the woman say about Janet? [分析]　男士最后用一个降调的附加疑问句表达他的评论，所以他想要得到女士的认同。 因此，作为学生，我们确实应该在做题之前，了解一些关于语音语调的知识。重音同样在听力中扮演着重要的角色，说话者通常将自己强调的部分重读，我们通常将实词重读，比如名词、动词、形容词等。 二、从非语言语境提高听力水平 非语言语境包括三个方面：情景语境、认知语境和文化语境。非语言语境经常被我们忽略，然而，非语言语境确实在听力中扮演着重要的角色。这里主要强调情境语境在提高听力中的作用。 在听力过程中，情景语境与听力理解的关系密切，是解读口语语篇的必要条件。情景语境包括人物、人物之间的关系，时间、地点等。 在听力中有很多情景语境，比如校园生活、求职、购物和看医生等。 　(2023·全国乙卷) W：Could you please tell me how I can get to the student dorm building? M：Sure.Turn left when you walk out of this register office，pass the bookstore and you'll see it. Q：Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In the book store. B．In the register office. C．In the dorm building. [分析]　根据对话中的关键词register office可知，对话发生在登记处。 [重点词汇][对应学生用书P48] 1．prefer vt.更喜欢 (1)prefer sth to sth　比起……更喜欢……(to为介词) prefer to do...　更愿意做……(具体的动作) prefer doing...　更愿意做……(普遍的行为习惯) prefer sb to do...　更愿意某人做…… prefer that...(should) do...　更愿意…… (2)“更愿意做A而不愿意做B”的表达方式： prefer to do A rather than do B ＝prefer doing A to doing B ＝would rather do A than do B ＝would do A rather than do B prefer的过去式、过去分词为preferred，现在分词为preferring。 [经典佳句] I prefer to buy a new car rather than have the old one repaired. 我宁愿买一辆新车也不愿去修理那辆旧车。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Most students prefer getting/to get (get) up late in the morning. ②I'm quite satisfied，and I prefer renting (rent) such an apartment to buying (buy) a new one. ③The boy has a preference (prefer)for gymnastics and he wishes to be an athlete. ④坦白地说，我宁愿读书也不愿上网。 a．Frankly speaking，I prefer reading books to surfing the Internet. b.To be frank，I prefer to read books rather than surf the Internet. c．To be frank，I would rather read books than surf the Internet. 2．rather than而不是 (1)rather than连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、不定式、分句等。 (2)rather than连接两个并列的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 (3)rather than后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。但是rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to的不定式。 [经典佳句] Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad，he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。 [即学活用]—完成句子 ①她喜欢跳舞，而不喜欢唱歌。 She likes dancing rather than singing． ②格林夫人宁愿给儿子制作玩具，也不愿购买。 Mrs.Green prefers to make toys for her son rather than buy them． ③是汤姆而不是他父母想去国外旅游。 Tom rather than his parents wants to travel abroad． 3．balanced adj.均衡的 (1) keep a balanced diet　保持饮食平衡 (2)balance n.　天平；平衡 keep one's balance　保持平衡 lose one's balance　失去平衡 keep the balance of　保持……的平衡 out of balance　不平衡；失去平衡 on balance　总的来说 (3)balance vt.　平衡；权衡 balance A against B　在A和B之间权衡 [经典佳句] The boy stepped on the skins of bananas，so he lost his balance and fell down. 这个男孩踩到了香蕉皮，结果身体失去平衡，摔倒了。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Many people take exercise regularly and keep a balanced (balance)diet. ②Before making the final decision，you'd better balance the advantages against the disadvantages. ③你必须学会在溜冰中保持平衡，这是很重要的。 You must learn to keep your balance in skating，which is of great importance. ④保持生态平衡是很重要的。 It's important to keep the balance of nature． 4．in good/bad shape健康状况良好/不佳；处于很好/不良的状态 stay/keep in shape　保持体形；保持健康 get into shape　让身体强健起来 out of shape　变形，走样；健康状况不好 in shape　在形状上；健康状况良好 in the shape of...　呈……的形状；以……的形式 [经典佳句] The ancient silk painting is still in good shape. 这幅古代绢画依然状况良好。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空 ①He's in good shape for a man of his age. ②Regular exercise helps the film star get into shape and keep a slim figure. ③The knives were bent out of shape. ④There was a red mark on his back in the shape of the letter S. ⑤Athletes must stay in shape. [重点句型][对应学生用书P50] not only...but also...不但……，而且…… One's health and wellness are dependent not only on diet，but also on sport and exercise. 一个人的健康不仅依赖于饮食，还依赖于运动和锻炼。 [句式分析] 句中的not only...but also...表示“不但……，而且……”。 (1)not only...but also...连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，意为“不但……而且……”；其中的also有时可以省略。 (2)若连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。 (3)若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语动词的数通常与较近的主语保持一致。 [经典佳句] Not only does television appeal to those who can read but to those who can't.电视不仅吸引阅读的人，而且也吸引了不会阅读的人。 Not only you but also Mr.Zhang teaches in this college.不仅你，张老师也在此学院教书。 [即学活用]—完成句子/句式升级 ①她不仅漂亮，而且心眼也好。(pretty) Not only is she pretty，but also kindhearted. ②不光你，他也喜欢踢足球。(like) Not only you but also he likes playing football． ③他不但会说英语，而且还会说法语。 He speaks not only English but also French． ④We not only brought snacks and drinks，but we brought cards for entertainment. →Not only did we bring snacks and drinks，but we brought cards for entertainment.(用倒装句改写) ⑤Tom and Mary as well as I are fond of the music. →Not only I but (also) Tom and Mary are fond of the music.(用not only...but also改写) [对应学生用书P50] Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．体育与健康　sports and fitness 2．表达情感　express emotions 3．打篮球　play basketball 4．锻炼　 do exercise 5．去骑车　go cycling 6．健康平衡膳食 have a healthy and balanced diet 7．思维活动　activity of mind 8．专业网球手　professional tennis player Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．She competes in gymnastics (体操)，with hopes of making it to the Olympics. 2．The hotel has several tennis courts (球场). 3．Not everyone loves to jog (慢跑) or go to the gym. 4．是你而不是你的父亲，为你的失败负责。 You rather than your father are responsible for your failure. 5．你不仅纠正了我的错误，而且还教我学习英语的技巧。 Not only did you correct my mistakes，but you also taught me tricks of studying English. Ⅲ.根据情景补全对话 (朋友喜欢我的新运动吗？……) W：Hey，I heard you and Susan aren't really getting along well. M：1._______ W：What exercise program? What did you tell her? M：First，I generally get up every Monday and Wednesday morning at 5：30 a.m. W：2. _______ M：Of course! I almost always go running for about half an hour，you know，to improve my health. W：And then? M：Then，I usually lift weights on Tuesdays and Thursdays for about an hour after work.3. _______ W：Maybe you are right. M：Finally，I often go hiking on Saturdays.4. _______As for Fridays，I sometimes just relax at home by watching a movie or doing something else. W：How about Sundays? M：5. _______ A．Yes，madam.We have a fine gym for you to exercise. B．On Sundays，I take the day off from exercising, but I usually take my dog for a walk. C．This really helps me build my muscles. D．I like hiking because it helps me forget the stress and reduce the anxiety that builds up during the week. E．Yeah，I think she is angry with my new exercise program. F．Really? I often don't get up until at least 7：30 a.m. 答案　1～5　EFCDB Ⅳ.根据汉语提示完成对话 (上体育课之前，Martin和Jack正在校园里谈论自己喜欢的体育运动。请根据提示完成对话。) Martin：Hi，Jack.1.What kind of exercise do you like to do(你喜欢做什么运动)? Jack：I like to do push­ups and I prefer to 2.go to school by bike every day(每天骑车上学). Martin：Why do you like them? Jack：They are free of charge.Well，they make me feel stronger，but the most important thing is that they 3.make me keep healthy(让我保持健康). Martin：What else do you like? Jack：Swimming，jogging，4.playing football(踢足球)... Martin：Wow! That 5.sounds great(听起来很棒)! How often do you go swimming? Jack：I 6.try to do it every day(尽力每天都做).The key to doing exercise is to do it regularly.7.What's your favorite sport(你最喜欢的体育运动是什么)? Martin：I like playing badminton and 8.go to the gym every day(每天去健身房) after class. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$