Unit1 Life Choices Section Ⅴ Lesson 3(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅴ　Lesson 3 [对应学生用书P26] 原文呈现 After a long day，Zhang Tian finally got back to① his small room，feeling tired.[1]He had started working at seven in the morning and it was eight in the evening now.He had to prepare his lessons for the following day.This is a typical② day for Zhang Tian.Coming to Guizhou Province③ to teach has been quite an experience④ for him.[2] [1]feeling tired 现在分词短语作伴随状语。 [2]Coming to Guizhou Province to teach 为动名词短语作主语，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数。 Zhang Tian graduated⑤ from university and got a teacher's certificate⑥ last year.His parents，like most，hoped he would go to a big city to find a teaching job.Likewise，his friends all left his hometown for work in Shanghai or Beijing.Zhang Tian felt differently，however.He wanted to start a new lifestyle.He had met wonderful teachers from small villages during his early school years and he was inspired⑦ by them to go and teach where he was needed the most.[3] [3]where引导地点状语从句。 For that reason he applied⑧ for and became a volunteer teacher in a village school.Bringing with him lots of books，clothes，and two pairs of trainers，Zhang Tian travelled to the village with an eager⑨ heart.[4] He imagined all sorts⑩ of exciting things about living independently⑪ and teaching in a village. [4]Bringing 为现在分词短语作伴随状语。 However，not everything lived up to⑫ Zhang Tian's hopes.The school was much smaller than he had expected，with only three classrooms.In front of the classrooms，there was a playground which got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days.[5] Living in the village was also more challenging than he had thought.The power⑬ and water supplies⑭ were unstable⑮，so he could only shower every three or four days⑯，and he had to learn how to cook.[6] The thought of leaving once flashed⑰ through his mind，but he quickly gave up⑱ on the idea and found ways to deal with⑲ the challenges. [5] which引导定语从句。 [6] so 连接并列句。 The school had just three teachers and Zhang Tian was the only English teacher.The other two local teachers were responsible⑳ for maths and Chinese.To make school life healthier and livelier for his students，Zhang Tian introduced more subjects to the school—music，art and PE.[7] It is not surprising that PE is the kids' favourite subject! Their school lives are now more attractive and interesting，and they enjoy playing football in the playground，as well as singing songs they've learnt.The school is now full of laughter and music.Zhang Tian is planning to organise the first­ever school concert! Everyone is very excited. [7]To make school life healthier and livelier for his students在句中作目的状语。 Zhang Tian's first year is almost over.It has been a tough year，but he has enjoyed working with the children.What made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read，speak and write in English，and they became more confident in learning.[8] Besides teaching，Zhang Tian also brought changes to the village.He contacted charity organisations about rebuilding the playground and setting up a library，and helped the villagers sell local products online.The contribution he made to the village was great，so he became very popular among the villagers and they treated him as one of them.[9]The village is like his second home now.Although he had only intended to stay for one year，he now feels ready to stay for another year.He feels so happy that he followed his heart when choosing what to do with his life，even though it may not be what others expected of him.[10] [8]what引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语。 [9]he made to the village 为定语从句，修饰先行词The contribution。 省略了that/which。so连接并列句。 [10]so...that 如此……以至于，that引导结果状语从句。在从句中，when引导时间状语从句，把主语he和谓语动词中的was 省略了，what to do作choose的宾语，even though引导让步状语从句。 语料积累 ①get back to 回到 ②typical adj.平常的；一贯的；典型的 ③province n.省 ④quite an experience 不同寻常的经历 ⑤graduate vi.毕业 graduate from 从……毕业 ⑥certificate n.合格证书 ⑦inspire vt.鼓励，激励 ⑧apply vi.申请；请求 apply for申请 ⑨eager adj.热切的；渴望的 ⑩sort n.种，类；类型 sort of 有几分，有点 ⑪independently adv.独立地，自立地 ⑫live up to 不辜负；做到；实践 ⑬power n.电，电力；力量 ⑭supply n.供应，供给 ⑮unstable adj.不稳定的 ⑯every three or four days 每隔三四天 ⑰flash vi.&vt.闪现，闪过 n.照相机闪光灯 ⑱give up放弃 ⑲deal with对付，应付，处理 ⑳responsible adj.负责的；有责任心的 be responsible for对……负责 attractive adj.有吸引力的；好看的，美观的 as well as和……一样；除……以外还；既……又；和，以及…… be full of充满 laughter n.笑；笑声 confident adj.自信的 contact n.联系，联络vt.(写信，打电话)联系(某人) charity n.慈善机构，慈善团体 organisation n.组织，团体，机构 set up 建立 contribution n.贡献 become very popular among sb 变得非常受某人的欢迎 treat as 把……当作 intend vt.计划，打算，想要 参考译文 漫长的一天过后，张天疲惫不堪，终于回到自己的小窝。他早上7点开始工作，现在是晚上8点了。他必须为第二天的功课做准备。对张天来说这是平常的一天。来贵州教书对他来说是一次不同寻常的经历。 张天大学毕业，去年拿到了教师资格证。和大多数人一样，他的父母希望他去大城市找一份教书的工作。同样地，他的朋友也都离开家乡到上海或北京工作。张天却有不同的感受。他想开始一种新的生活方式。刚上学时他遇见了一些来自小村庄的好老师，受他们所鼓舞，他想去最需要的地方去教学。 出于这个原因，他申请并成为一所乡村学校的志愿者教师。张天带着许多书、衣服和两双运动鞋，带着一颗渴望的心来到了这个村庄。他想象着关于独立生活和在乡村教书的种种令人兴奋的事情。 但是，不是每件事都像张天希望的一样。这所学校比他预想的要小得多，只有三间教室。教室前面有一个操场，刮风的时候尘土飞扬，下雨的时候泥泞不堪。住在村子里也比他想象的更具挑战性。电力和水供应不稳定，所以他只能每三、四天洗一次澡，而且他还得学做饭。他曾经闪过离开的念头，但很快就放弃了这个想法，并找到了应对挑战的方法。 学校只有三名老师，张天是唯一的英语老师。另外两名当地教师负责数学和语文。为了让学生们的校园生活更健康、更生动，张天在学校里开设了更多的课程——音乐、艺术和体育。体育是孩子们最喜欢的科目，这并不奇怪。他们的学校生活现在更有吸引力、更有趣，他们喜欢在操场上踢足球，以及唱他们已经学会的歌曲。现在学校里充满了笑声和音乐。张天正在计划组织有史以来第一场学校音乐会！每个人都很兴奋。 张天的第一年几乎结束了。这是艰难的一年，但他很喜欢和孩子们一起工作。他感到欣慰的是，他的学生能够读英语、说英语、写英语，他们在学习中变得更加自信。除了教学，张天也给村里带来了变化。他联系了慈善组织重建操场和建立图书馆。帮助村民在网上销售当地产品。他对这个村庄的贡献是巨大的，所以他在村民中很受欢迎，他们把他当作他们中的一员。这个村庄现在就像是他的第二个家。虽然他只打算待一年，但现在他觉得已经准备好再待一年了。他感到很高兴，在选择自己的人生道路时，他听从了自己的内心，尽管这可能不是别人对他的期望。 [对应学生用书P28] Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．feature vt.以……为特色，是……的特征 2．typical adj.平常的，一贯的；典型的 3．eager adj.热切的；渴望的 4．supply n．供应，供给 5．unstable adj.不稳定的 6．laughter n．笑；笑声 7．contact n．联系，联络 vt.(写信，打电话)联系(某人) 8．intend vt.计划，打算，想要 拓展单词 1．graduate vi.毕业；n.毕业生→graduation n．毕业 2．inspire vt.鼓励，激励→inspiration n．激励，灵感→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的→inspired adj.受到鼓舞的，感到鼓舞的 3．apply vi.申请；请求→application n．申请→applicant n．申请人 4．power n．电，电力；力量→powerful adj.有力量的 5．responsible adj.负责的；有责任心的→responsibly adv.负责地→responsibility n．责任 6．attractive adj.有吸引力的；好看的，美观的→attract vt.吸引→attraction n．吸引力，诱惑；有吸引力的物或人 7．confident adj.自信的→confidently adv.自信地→confidence n．自信心 8．contribution n．贡献→contribute vt.贡献，把……贡献出来 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．graduate from 从……毕业，毕业于…… 2．all sorts of 各种各样的 3．give up 放弃 4．be responsible for 对……负责 5．as well as 和……一样； 除……以外还； 既……又； 和，以及…… 6．intend to do打算/计划/想要做…… 7．live up to 不辜负，符合(期待/希望等) 8．set up 建设，设立 9．expect sth of sb 期盼某人某事 Ⅲ.句式语境 1．动词的­ing形式作主语 Coming to Guizhou Province to teach has been quite an experience for him. 来贵州省教学已成为他的一次经历。 2．what引导的名词性从句作主语 What made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read，speak and write in English，and they became more confident in learning. 让他感到欣慰的是他的学生能够读英语、说英语和写英语，并且在学习上变得更自信。 [对应学生用书P29]Ⅰ.Read the text and choose the best answer. 1．How long did Zhang Tian work a day? A．7 hours. B．8 hours. C．13 hours. D．It is not mentioned. 答案　C 2．Why Zhang Tian went to Guizhou Province to teach? A．Because his parents inspired him to do so. B．Because he wanted to live independently. C．Because he wanted to be a volunteer. D．Because he had a teacher's certificate. 答案　B 3．Which subjects did Zhang Tian teach in the village school? A．Music. B．Art and PE. C．English. D．All the above. 答案　D 4．Why Zhang Tian was popular among the villagers? A.Because the villagers were poor. B．Because he only stayed there for a year. C．Because he made great contributions to the village besides teaching. D．Because he organized school concerts. 答案　C 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．The story of Zhang Tian. B．The situation of a village school. C．The experience of Zhang Tian as a volunteer teacher in a village school. D．The introduction of a volunteer doctor in a village school. 答案　C Ⅱ.Judge the sentences true(T) or false(F) according to the text. 1．Zhang Tian's parents wanted him to find a job in Guizhou.(F) 2．Before Zhang Tian arrived at the school，he had expected what it would look like.(F) 3．There were no power and water supply in the school.(F) 4．There were three teachers in all in the school.(T) 5．Zhang Tian didn't want to stay at the school any more.(F) [重点词汇][对应学生用书P30] 1．typical adj.一贯的；平常的；典型的 (1)be typical of　典型的，表现为……的特征 It is typical of sb to do...　某人一向做…… (2)typically adv.　典型地；具有代表性地 [经典佳句] It is typical of him to be at work ahead of time. 提前上班是他一贯的做法。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It is typical of him to be at work ahead of time. ②Typically(typical)，when difficulties arise，he is under great stress. ③想着帮助处于困难中的人是她的特点。 It is typical of her to think about helping those who are in trouble. 2．inspire vt.鼓励，激励 (1)inspire sb with sth ＝inspire sth in sb 　激励/鼓舞某人…… inspire sb to do sth 　激励某人做某事 (2)inspiring adj.　鼓舞人心的；激动的；启发灵感的 inspired adj.　能力卓越的；借助于灵感创作的 (3)inspiration n.　灵感；鼓舞人心(的东西) [经典佳句] And they inspire the country with their selflessness and their courage. 他们用无私和勇气来激励那个国家。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/句型转换 ①Her trust in me has inspired me to do (do) things that I never thought possible. ②Jennifer is a first­generation graduate and an inspiration(inspire) to her family. ③His speech was inspiring (inspire) and touched my heart. ④The good news inspired us with pride and courage. →The good news inspired pride and courage in us． 3．apply vi.申请；请求 (1)apply for　申请 apply...to...　把……应用于…… apply oneself to　专心于，致力于 apply to sth　 适用于……，对……有效 (2)application n.　申请；应用 applicant n.　申请者 [经典佳句] Students should apply themselves to their study. 学生应该专心致志地学习。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/句式升级 ①His application (apply) for membership of the organization was rejected. ②Please clean the wound with a clean cloth and then apply the medicine to it. ③Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning (learn) how to read and write. ④To my delight，I was chosen from hundreds of applicants (apply) to attend the opening ceremony. ⑤If you apply yourself to the job in hand，you'll soon finish it. →Applying yourself to the job in hand，you'll soon finish it.(现在分词短语作状语) →Applied to the job in hand，you'll soon finish it.(过去分词短语作状语) 4．eager adj.热切的，渴望的 be eager for/after/about sth　渴望某物 be eager to do sth　 渴望干某事 be eager that...(should)do sth　 渴望……(从句多用虚拟语气) [经典佳句] Bringing with him lots of books，clothes，and two pairs of trainers，Zhang Tian travelled to the village with an eager heart. 张天带着很多书、一些衣服和两双运动鞋迫不及待地来到了村庄。 [易混辨析]　eager，anxious eager 强调“对成功的期望”或“进取的热情”，含有积极向上的意思 anxious 强调“担心”或“焦虑”，对结果感到不安 [即学活用]—用eager/anxious填空/完成句子 ①She is eager to go to college，but anxious about not passing the entrance examination. ②金先生渴望马上出发，因为他的父亲病得很严重。 Mr.King was eager to start off at once because his father was seriously ill. ③医生们都担心他的健康。 The doctors are anxious about his health. ④迈克渴望暂时远离繁忙的城市生活。 Mike is eager to stay away from the busy city life for the moment. 5．give up放弃 give away　捐赠；颁发(奖品等)；泄露(情报、秘密等) give in to sb　 对某人让步 give off　放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音) give out　分发；用完，消耗尽，筋疲力尽 give over　移交 [经典佳句] According to this speed of mining，the coal on the earth will give out in hundreds of years. 照这种开采速度，几百年后地球上的煤将消耗殆尽。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①In order to realize his dream，Bill Gates，the richest man in the world，gave up studying(study) in Harvard University，which is the most famous in the world. ②My money was beginning to give out and there were no jobs to be found. ③At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving，but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills. ④起初，学英语看上去那么难以至于我还没尝试就想放弃。 At the beginning，learning English seemed so difficult that I wanted to give up without even trying. ⑤在故事的开始不要先提那个，否则会泄露令人吃惊的结局。 Don't mention that at the beginning of the story，or it may give away the shocking ending． 6．deal with 对付，应付，处理；涉及；与……做生意；与……打交道 do with忍受，满足于；处置，对待，对付(某人)需要，想要；有理由占有(某物) do with与what 连用，而deal with与how连用。 [经典佳句] The thought of leaving once flashed through his mind，but he quickly gave up the idea and found ways to deal with the challenges. 离开的想法曾经闪过他的脑海，但他很快放弃了，并找到方法应付挑战。 [即学活用]—写出下列句中deal with的含义/完成句子/一句多译 ①His work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.与……打交道 ②The meeting will deal with these problems.处理 ③I refuse to deal with that firm any longer.与……做生意 ④The main body of the book deals with the author's political career.涉及 ⑤What do with/How will you deal with (处理)the food? ⑥我们渴望知道怎么处理污染问题。 a．We are eager to know how to deal with pollution．(deal with) b．We are eager to know what to do with pollution．(do with) 7．as well as 以及；和；同 (1)as well as用；和；也；和……同样好。连接同等并列成分。连接两个主语时，谓语动词采用就远原则。 (2)as well as和not only...but also...都有“不但……而且”之意，均连接同等并列成分，但as well as强调的是前项，not only...but also...强调的是后项；连接两个主语时，as well as中的谓语动词采用就远原则，not only...but also...中的谓语动词采用就近原则。 [经典佳句] Lily as well as her parents is very fond of classical music. 莉莉和她的父母都非常喜欢古典音乐。 [即学活用]—句型转换/完成句子 ①The teacher and the students are going to the park. →The teacher as well as the students is going to the park. ②Apart from learning to play the piano，he has been taking French lessons this summer vacation. →As well as learning to play the piano，he has been taking French lessons this summer vacation. ③除了写了十篇论文外，他还翻译了两本小说。 As well as/Apart from/Besides writing ten papers，he translated two novels. ④他和他的同学星期天要去购物。 He as well as his classmates is going shopping on Sunday. 8．contribution n．捐献，贡献；捐献物；捐款；稿件 (1)make a contribution/contributions to (doing) sth 　对……做贡献/为……捐款/投稿 (2)contribute...to...　把……贡献给/用于…… contribute to　有助于，促使 [经典佳句] Everyone should make a contribution to protecting the environment. 每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Wilson received several international awards for his great contributions(contribute). ②The writer personally contributed ￡5，000 to the earthquake fund. ③I am sure your suggestion will contribute to solving (solve) the problem. ④所有因素有助于他的成功。 All these factors contribute to his success． 9．intend vt.计划，打算，想要 (1)intend sb to do sth　打算让某人做某事 intend to do/doing sth　 打算做某事 intend that...　打算……(从句用should＋动词原形) had intended to do sth ＝intended to have done sth　 本打算做某事 (2)be intended for　为……打算/设计的 [经典佳句] When international aid is given，steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. 当给予国际援助的时候，必须采取措施确保援助能够到达打算被给的人。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I had intended (intend) to catch the early train，but I didn't get up in time. ②The book is intended for the children who are eager for adventure. ③Last month a program began in our community with the intention (intend)of helping children form good habits. ④这个项目成立了，其目的是帮助无家可归的人。 The program，which intended to help the homeless, was set up. [重点句型][对应学生用书P34] 1．However，not everything lived up to Zhang Tian's hopes. 然而，并不是每件事都符合张天的希望。 [句式分析] 句中的not everything...为部分否定结构，意为“并非都，并非所有的”。 (1)all，both，every，everybody，everyday，everyone，everything，everywhere，always，often等与not搭配使用时，表示部分否定，意为“并非都；并非两个都；不是每个都；并非总是”。在这种部分否定结构中不论not放在这些词前面还是放在这些词后面，它们都表示部分否定。 (2)both的全部否定用neither；everyone的全部否定用nobody或no one；not all的全部否定为none；not always的全部否定为never。 [经典佳句] None of the answers are right. 所有的答案都不正确。 [即学活用]—翻译句子 ①桌上所有的书并不是都值得读。 All the books on the desk are not worth reading. ②兄弟俩并非都是医生。 Not both the brothers are doctors./Both the brothers are not doctors. 2．What made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read，speak and write in English，and they became more confident in learning. 最让他感到欣慰的是孩子们能够用英语读、说和写，并且在学习上变得更自信。 [句式分析] 句中的What made him feel satisfied是what引导的主语从句，其中what在主语从句中作主语。 what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所……的”，“……的样子”等。二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定作成分，而且常作主语，宾语或表语。 [经典佳句] The fact is that she doesn't like staying at home. 实际上他不喜欢待在家里。 [即学活用]—用what/that填空 ①I don't know that he is from America. ②What made me upset was the bad news. ③You can take what you like at any time. [对应学生用书P34] Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．回到…… get back to 2.第二天 the following day 3．获得老师资格证 get a teacher's certificate 4．怀着一颗渴望的心 with an eager heart 5．不辜负自己的希望 live up to one's hope 6．除了教学外，还…… besides teaching 7．把他当成他们中的一员 treat him as one of them 8．追逐自己的心 follow one's heart Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．He was the head of a charity(慈善机构) for the welfare of children. 2．Violence is now becoming a regular feature(特点)of urban life. 3．When the boys graduated(毕业) from high school，Ann moved to a small town in Vermont. 4．我渴望有一个机会开她的车。 I am eager for a chance to drive her car. 5．她的话鼓起了我们的勇气。 Her words inspired us with courage． [对应知能达标训练P10] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．He had intended (打算)to take a holiday in America. 2．I contacted (联系)my uncle as soon as I went to Beijing. 3．I was inspired (激励)by him as my example to work harder than ever before. 4．Since I'm here，I'd like to try a typical(有代表性的) dish of this country. 5．Besides(另外)，a healthy body can give us much energy to face the busy school life. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The little girl is no longer what she used to be. 2．This book is intended for the general reader rather than the student. 3．The Chinese people should make a greater contribution (contribute) to mankind. 4．Helen as well as I is(be)eager to see the performance. 5．Was there a difference of opinion over what to do with the Nobel Prize money? 6．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt，most are eager to try (try) something new. 7．All applicants (apply) should be at least 16 years of age at the commencement of this course. 8．It's inspiring(inspire)to see such a bright and vigorous sight. 9．In other words，he doesn't like the book at all. 10．Strictly(strict) speaking，he shouldn't be admitted to the school. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．那就是我想告诉你的事儿。 That is what I want to tell you． 2．夏天不好过，冬天也不好过。 It is unpleasant in summer as well as in winter． 3．这些规章制度旨在防止事故发生。 These regulations are intended to prevent accidents． 4．在工厂上班对我未来的工作是一次经历。 Working in the factory is an experience for my future job. 5．我已经向那家公司申请得到那个职位，但还没有回复。 I have applied to the company for the position，but no answer has come. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 It is a typical day for Zhang Tian to work from seven in the morning to eight in the evening，1.feeling(feel)tired.He graduated 2.from university and got a teacher's certificate last year.He had an 3.inspiring(inspire)idea of living independently away from home.When he arrived at the school，not everything lived up to his hopes.The school was much 4.smaller(small)than expected.There was a playground 5.which got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days.It is more challenging 6.to live (live) in the village. There were only three teachers in the school，7.including (include) Zhang Tian who was the only English teacher.He tried to introduce more subjects to the school.8.Besides teaching，he also brought changes to the village.He managed to rebuild the playground with the help of charity 9.organizations (organize).He was popular among the villagers and they treated him 10.as one of them.He was ready to stay for another year. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$