精品解析：北京市中国人民大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三上学期暑假自主复习检测英语试卷

人大附中2025届高三8月自主复习检测练习 英语 2024年8月 说明：本试卷共8页，共100分；考试时间90分钟；请在答题卡上填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 This Too Shall Pass When my family moved to Ohio over the summer, I feared attending another new school. I had bright red hair and enormous glasses. In addition, I was ___1___ and not very sociable. Boarding the school bus that first day, I felt like all eyes on me. I could hear the ___2___ “She’s huge!” I spent that first bus ride in silence. The following day was ___3___. I did not notice that a few boys had tied a shoelace across the aisle and thus fell face-first on the bus. While embarrassingly gathering my supplies, I heard the laughter, “That felt like an earthquake!” Anyway, I managed to find a seat. Looking out of the window, I ___4___ the tears welling up in my eyes. It was then that I ___5___ into myself. I began walking everywhere. I would wander through the woods behind our house. I began ___6___ the afternoon school bus on purpose, walking home instead. Then, unexpectedly, I started losing weight. And as I became more ___7___ with myself, I began making friends. One of my newly found friends also ___8___ with her weight. She lived near my neighborhood so we would meet and walk together. This became a daily activity with talking and laughing along the way. My friend said that I didn’t have to be perfect. I just had to be me and be happy with myself. While I would not want to ___9___ that time of loneliness, sadness and embarrassment, I am proud I made it through. Whenever I am struggling with any other problem in life, I always remember the proverb “This too shall pass.” If you can find a path with no obstacles, it probably doesn’t ____10____ anywhere. 1. A. slow B. tall C. clumsy D. overweight. 2. A. giggles B. whistles C. whispers D. laughs 3. A. longer B. worse C. funnier D. duller 4. A. took back B. kept away C. put away D. held back 5. A. sank B. tapped C. dug D. turned 6. A. delaying B. missing C. escaping D. stopping 7. A. lonely B. content C. indifferent D. excited 8. A. struggled B. competed C. dealt D. lived 9. A. rethink B. remind C. relate D. relive 10. A. exist B. lead C. stretch D. stay 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者搬到俄亥俄州后在新学校所经历的一段孤独、悲伤和尴尬的时光，以及作者是如何克服这些困难，最终找到自信和朋友的经历。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，我体重超重，不太善于交际。A. slow缓慢的；B. tall高的；C. clumsy笨拙的；D. overweight超重的。根据第二段中“I could hear the 2  ‘She’s huge!’”和第四段中“Then, unexpectedly, I started losing weight”可知，作者体重超重。故选D项。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能听到窃窃私语，“她太胖了！”A. giggles窃笑；B. whistles口哨声；C. whispers低语；D. laughs大笑。结合下文“She’s huge!”和常识可知，别人不会当着作者的面大声说她胖，只会窃窃私语。故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天更糟了。A. longer更长的；B. worse更糟的；C. funnier更有趣的；D. duller更单调的。根据下文“I did not notice that a few boys had tied a shoelace across the aisle and thus fell face-first on the bus”可知，作者在公交车上摔倒了，说明这一天比第一天更糟糕。故选B项。 【4题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：望着窗外，我强忍住眼泪。A. took back收回；B. kept away避开；C. put away放好；D. held back抑制，阻止。结合上文“I managed to find a seat.”和常识可推知，虽然受到捉弄，但尊严让作者抑制住了眼泪，自己找了一个位置坐了下来。故选D项。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我陷入深思，开始自我反省。A. sank陷入；B. tapped轻拍；C. dug挖；D. turned转动。根据下文“I began walking everywhere. I would wander through the woods behind our house”可推知，作者受到打击，开始独处和自我反省。sink into oneself“通常用来描述一个人陷入深思、沉思或者自我反省的状态”。故选A项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始故意错过下午的校车，而是步行回家。A. delaying推迟；B. missing错过；C. escaping逃跑；D. stopping停止。根据下文“walking home instead”可知，作者选择步行回家，故意错过校车。故选B项。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着我对自己越来越满意，我开始交朋友。A. lonely孤独的；B. content满意的；C. indifferent漠不关心的；D. excited兴奋的。根据上文“I started losing weight”及下文“I began making friends”可知，作者开始减肥，并且交朋友，说明作者对自己越来越满意。故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的一个新认识的朋友也在努力减肥。A. struggled努力；B. competed竞争；C. dealt处理；D. lived生活。根据上文“also”和下文“She lived near my neighborhood so we would meet and walk together”可推知，新朋友也面临同样的困扰，也在努力减肥。struggle with意为“努力对付”。故选A项。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我不想重温那段孤独、悲伤和尴尬的时光，但我很自豪我度过了那段时光。A. rethink重新考虑；B. remind提醒；C. relate联系；D. relive重温。根据上文“I would not want to”和下文“that time of loneliness, sadness and embarrassment”可知，那段时光对作者来说是孤独、悲伤和尴尬的，所以作者不想重温那段时光。故选D项。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你能找到一条没有障碍的道路，它可能不会通向任何地方。A. exist存在；B. lead通向；C. stretch伸展；D. stay停留。根据上文“Whenever I am struggling with any other problem in life, I always remember the proverb ‘This too shall pass.’”和“a path with no obstacles”可知，作者认为任何困难都是可以克服的，相反没有障碍的道路不会通向任何地方，也就是没有目标或成就。故选B项。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In a move away from a more traditional red-brick clay color, an Olympic track___11___ (go) purple for the first time in Olympic Games history. There are no regulations as to the colour of the track, and the host Olympic organising committee are able to choose whatever colour they want, ____12____happened at the 2016 Games in Rio, where they had a blue track-the first time that a red track wasn’t used. For centuries, purple____13____(associate) with royalty. This time it became the color of the track. In Paris, people were hoping a new speed king would arrive in town. 【答案】11. is going 12. which 13. has been associated 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴黎奥运会上将会使用紫色跑道。 【11题详解】 考查动词的时态。句意：与传统的红砖粘土颜色不同，奥运跑道将在奥运会历史上首次变成紫色。根据purple可知，变成紫色跑道是即将马上要发生的动作，所以用现在进行时表示马上要发生的动作，又因为主语是第三人称单数，所以be动词用is。故填is going。 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：跑道的颜色没有规定，奥林匹克组委会可以选择他们想要的任何颜色，2016年里约奥运会上就发生过这样的事情，他们有一条蓝色的跑道，这是第一次没有使用红色的跑道。分析句式结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句内容，指物，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which来引导。故填which。 【13题详解】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：几个世纪以来，紫色一直与皇室联系在一起。这一次它成了赛道的颜色。因为associate和主语之间是被动关系，所以本句用被动语态，再根据本句的时间状语For centuries可知，本句应该用现在完成时的被动语态，又因为主语是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has been associated。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In traditional Chinese culture, Tai Chi is often related to the Chinese idea of yin and yang, the idea that one can see two sides in everything. For those ____14____ do it, Tai Chi can be practiced anytime and anywhere___15___ equipment or a gymnasium. Learning to do it correctly gives us a practical way____16____ (achieve) balance and rhythm of movement. So it is believed that practicing Tai Chi can in some way help us stand, walk, move and run better. 【答案】14. who 15. without 16. to achieve 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了练习太极好处。 【14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：对于那些这样做的人来说，太极拳可以在没有设备或健身房的情况下随时随地练习。空格处引导定语从句，对先行词those进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，且先行词是those，指人，所以只能用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 【15题详解】 考查介词。句意：对于那些这样做的人来说，太极拳可以在没有设备或健身房的情况下随时随地练习。根据句意和空格后的equipment or a gymnasium可知，空格处应该填入一个介词，且意义为“没有”，所以应该用介词without。故填without。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：学习正确地做它给了我们一个实用的方法来实现平衡和节奏的运动。根据空格前的名词way可知，空格处应该用不定式作定语，修饰名词way，是固定搭配。故填to achieve。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 It was a reading class. While all her classmates ____17____ (fly) through the 2nd and 3rd books in the Harry Potter series, Skye Malik, only on page four of the first book, got impossibly____18____ (stick) on the word “doughnut”. Her unexpected difficulty with reading is called “dyslexia”. Skye got a ____19____ (profession) diagnosis at the end of the 2nd grade. ____20____ (know) that other kids were going through the same thing made it easier on her somehow. 【答案】17. were flying 18. stuck 19. professional 20. Knowing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了患有阅读障碍症的小女孩Skye Malik在阅读课上遇到的困难以及她得知其他孩子也有同样的问题后感到某种程度的宽慰。 【17题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：当她的所有同学都在快速阅读《哈利·波特》系列的第二本和第三本书时，Skye Malik只读到了第一本的第四页，不可思议地被“doughnut”这个词卡住了。动词短语fly through（快速通过；快速阅读）是时间状语从句中谓语动词，与主语all her classmates之间是主动关系，结合上文“It was a reading class.”可知，描述过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，应使用过去进行时态，又因主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式。故填were flying。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当她的所有同学都在快速阅读《哈利·波特》系列的第二本和第三本书时，Skye Malik只读到了第一本的第四页，不可思议地被“doughnut”这个词卡住了。get stuck是固定短语，意为“被卡住；陷入困境”，形容词stuck作表语，意为“被难住的，被困住的”。故填stuck。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：Skye在二年级结束时得到了专业的诊断。此处修饰名词diagnosis，应用profession的形容词professional作定语，意为“专业的”。故填professional。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：知道其他孩子也经历过同样的事情让她在某种程度上感觉好多了。“(know) that other kids were going through the same thing”作主语，用动名词knowing作主语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Knowing。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A DOWNLOAD THESE APPS Our brains need challenging tasks to stay sharp. And thankfully, there’s an app for that-many, actually. Alvaro Femandez, CEO of market-research firm Sharp-Brains, suggests trying ones other than the games you usually play. “If you’re doing something that brings novelty, variety and a level of effort, you’re on the right path.” Here are three apps to get your brain going and three more to help it gear back down. BrainHQ This app serves up short tests to identify your weak spots — be it attention, memory or brain speed — and then offers suitable games to help you improve. Studies have shown users have the memory of a person 10 years younger, and have an easier time following a conversation in a crowded room. Lumosity Launched in 2007, this popular app with over 100 million users offers dozens of games and puzzles that focus on different brain skills. Completing tangram puzzles will help build your problem-solving abilities, matching games boost memory, and reordering numbers hones your mastery of math. Cognifit This app offers fun brain games that help boost a dozen skills, including: concentration memory reasoning and coordination. (It even promises to help you become a better driver!) Additionally, Cognifit features tailored regimens for specific conditions, including Parkinson’s, “chemo brain,” depression and ADHD. Calm True to its name, Calm contains breathing exercises, three-to-25-minute guided rueditation sessions and stories designed to help you fall asleep. Actor Mathew McConaughey voices one such tale, called “Wonder”. Headspace This app has hundreds of guided meditations for every need: two-minute mini-sits, SOS sessions for moments of serious stress and versions for walks: For the end of the day, Headspace offers 45-minute podcasts that use calming visualizations and sounds to help you nod off. 10% Happier Inspired by ABC news anchor Dan Harris’ bestselling book, this app includes more than 500 guided meditations, as well as short videos to keep you motivated and the option to text with a coach. 21. This passage is more likely to be seen in . A. a feature in a technology magazine B. the Health page of a newspaper C. an analysis from a medical magazine D. research from a university publication 22. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Both Lumocity and Cognifit can improve users’ memory through games. B. The users of BrainHO are ten years younger than those who don’t use it. C. Calm, Headspace and 10% Happier can help users improve sleep quality. D. In Calm, users can watch Mathew McConaughey act in the story “Wonder”. 23. “Jane is a senior three student. Since the beginning of school, she has been unable to concentrate in class, depressed and not very interested in anything.” Which of the following apps may be best for her? A. Calm and Headspace. B. Cognifit and 10% Happier. C. BrainHQ and Cognifit. D. Lumocity and 10% Happier. 【答案】21. A 22. A 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了六款能够帮助提高大脑活力或放松身心的应用程序，并详细描述了它们各自的特点和功能。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Here are three apps to get your brain going and three more to help it gear back down.(这里有三个应用程序可以让你的大脑运转起来，还有三个可以帮助它放松。)”和下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了六款与大脑训练和放松相关的应用程序，这些应用程序属于科技产品的范畴，因此更可能出现在科技杂志的专题报道中。故选A项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Lumocity部分中“Completing tangram puzzles will help build your problem-solving abilities, matching games boost memory, and reordering numbers hones your mastery of math.(完成七巧板拼图有助于培养你的问题解决能力，配对游戏能提升记忆力，重新排列数字能磨练你对数学的掌握程度。)”和Cognifit部分中“This app offers fun brain games that help boost a dozen skills, including: concentration memory reasoning and coordination.(这款应用提供有趣的大脑游戏，有助于提升多种技能，包括：专注力、记忆力、推理能力和协调能力。)”可知，Lumocity和Cognifit提供的游戏可以提高用户的记忆力，故“Both Lumocity and Cognifit can improve users’ memory through games.(Lumocity 和 Cognifit 都可以通过游戏提高用户的记忆力。)”是正确表述。故选A项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据题目描述，Jane是一名高三学生，开学以来无法集中注意力，感到沮丧且对任何事情都不感兴趣。针对她的情况，需要选择能够帮助提高注意力和缓解抑郁情绪的应用程序。根据BrainHQ部分中“This app serves up short tests to identify your weak spots — be it attention, memory or brain speed — and then offers suitable games to help you improve.(这款应用提供简短的测试来确定你的薄弱点——无论是注意力、记忆力还是大脑反应速度——然后提供合适的游戏来帮助你提高。)”可知，BrainHQ有助于提升注意力；根据Cognifit部分中“Additionally, Cognifit features tailored regimens for specific conditions, including Parkinson’s, “chemo brain,” depression and ADHD.(此外，Cognifit还提供针对特定情况的定制方案，包括帕金森氏症、“化疗大脑”、抑郁症和多动症。)”可知，Cognifit提供针对抑郁症的定制方案，可以缓解抑郁情绪。所以BrainHQ和Cognifit可能最适合Jane。故选C项。 B Bertie knew there was something in the wind. His mother had been sad in recent days, not sick, just strangely sad. The lion had just lain down beside him, his head warm on Bertie’s feet, when Father cleared his throat and began, “You’ll soon be eight, Bertie. A boy needs a proper education. We’ve found the right place for you, a school near Salisbury in England.” His heart filled with a terrible fear, all Bertie could think of was his white lion. “But the lion,” he cried, “What about the lion?” “I’m afraid there’s something else I have to tell you,” his father said. Looking across at Bertie’s mother, he took a deep breath. Then he told Bertie he had met a circus owner from France, who was over in Africa looking tor lions to buy. He would come to their farm in a few days. “No! You can’t send him to a circus!” said Bertie. “People will come to see him. He’ll be shut up behind bars. I promised him he never would be. And they will laugh at him. He’d rather die. Any animal would!” But as he looked across the table at them, he knew their minds were quite made up. Bertie felt completely betrayed. He waited until he heard his father’s deep breathing next door. With his white lion at his heels, he crept downstairs in his pyjamas, took down his father’s rifle from the rack and stepped out into the night. He ran and ran till his legs could run no more. As the sun came up over the grassland, he climbed to the top of a hill and sat down, his arms round the lion’s neck. The time had come. “Be wild now,” he whispered. “You’ve got to be wild. Don’t ever come home. All my life I’ll think of you, I promise I will.” He buried his head in the lion’s neck. Then, Bertie clambered down off the hill and walked away. When he looked back, the lion was still sitting there watching him; but then he stood up, yawned, stretched, and sprang down after him. Bertie shouted at him, but he kept coming. He threw sticks. He threw stones. Nothing worked. There was only one thing left to do. With tears filling his eyes and his mouth, he lifted the rifle to his shoulder and fired over the lion’s head. 24. Bertie’s mother was sad probably because she . A. knew Bertie would hate to go to England B. knew selling the lion would upset Bertie C. had decided to send Bertie to school D. had been seriously ill recently 25. In the last paragraph, the boy lifted the rifle at the lion to . A. protect himself from the lion B. show his anger towards his father C. kill the lion out of fear D. threaten the lion back to the wild 26. The passage intends to show that . A. people and animals can be faithful to each other B. animals usually lead a miserable life in circuses C. parents are sometimes cruel to their children D. animal-hunting is popular in Africa 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bertie的父母想把狮子卖给马戏团，为了狮子能够重获自由，Bertie虽万般不舍，最后依然含泪把白狮赶回大自然的故事。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Bertie knew there was something in the wind. His mother had been sad in recent days, not sick, just strangely sad.(Bertie感觉到有事要发生。他的母亲最近几天一直很伤心，不是生病，只是奇怪地伤心。)”、第三段“‘I’m afraid there’s something else I have to tell you,’ his father said. Looking across at Bertie’s mother, he took a deep breath. Then he told Bertie he had met a circus owner from France, who was over in Africa looking tor lions to buy. He would come to their farm in a few days.(‘我恐怕还有别的事情要告诉你，’他的父亲说。他望向Bertie的母亲，深吸了一口气。然后他告诉Bertie，他遇到了一位来自法国的马戏团老板，这位老板正在非洲寻找狮子购买。他几天后会来到他们的农场。)”和第五段中“‘No! You can’t send him to a circus!’ said Bertie. ‘People will come to see him. He’ll be shut up behind bars. I promised him he never would be. And they will laugh at him. He’d rather die. Any animal would!’( ‘不!你不能把他送到马戏团去!’Bertie说。‘人们会来看他。他会被关起来的。我答应过他，他永远不会这样的。他们会嘲笑他。他宁愿死。任何动物都会这样的!’)”可推知，Bertie的妈妈知道Bertie非常喜欢狮子，把狮子卖给马戏团会让Bertie很伤心，因此她为Bertie感到很难过。故选B。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第七段“When he looked back, the lion was still sitting there watching him; but then he stood up, yawned, stretched, and sprang down after him. Bertie shouted at him, but he kept coming. He threw sticks. He threw stones. Nothing worked.(当他回头看时，狮子仍然坐在那里看着他；但接着狮子站了起来，打了个哈欠，伸了个懒腰，然后向他跳了下来。Bertie冲它喊叫，但它还是不断靠近。他扔木棍。他扔石头。什么都不管用。)”和最后一段“There was only one thing left to do. With tears filling his eyes and his mouth, he lifted the rifle to his shoulder and fired over the lion’s head.(只剩下一件事要做了。他眼里和嘴里都噙着泪水，把步枪举到肩上，在狮子头的上方开了一枪。)”可推知，狮子不愿离开Bertie，所以他只能举起步枪向狮子上方开枪，这样做是为了威胁狮子回到野外，这样狮子才能获得自由。故选D。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其结合第六段中“‘Be wild now,’ he whispered. ‘You’ve got to be wild. Don’t ever come home. All my life I’ll think of you. I promise I will.’( ‘去野外吧，’他低声说。‘你必须去野外。永远不要回来。我一辈子都会想你。我保证我会的。’)”和第七段“When he looked back, the lion was still sitting there watching him; but then he stood up, yawned, stretched, and sprang down after him. Bertie shouted at him, but he kept coming. He threw sticks. He threw stones. Nothing worked.(当他回头看时，狮子仍然坐在那里看着他；但接着狮子站了起来，打了个哈欠，伸了个懒腰，然后向他跳了下来。Bertie冲它喊叫，但它还是不断靠近。他扔木棍。他扔石头。什么都不管用。)”可知，文章讲述了Bertie的父母想把狮子卖给马戏团，Bertie为了保护狮子，虽万般不舍，最后依然含泪把白狮赶回大自然的故事。文章意在表明人和动物之间的忠诚和相互信赖。故选A。 C If you want to disturb the car industry, you’d better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems, small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys. As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition (美国青年农会) and a family farmer myself. I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry. For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour — a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand-suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldn’t touch the price per pound offered by California farms. But now, with the combination of a litter price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business. The sustainable success of small farmers, though, won’t happen without fundamental changes to the industry. One crucial factor is secure access to land. Competition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers. From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions. Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenship — the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own. With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering farmers younger than 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds of the nation’s farmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nation’s food. There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fairer farm economy, but farmers can’t clumsily put them together before us. We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers. 27 The author mentions car industry at the beginning of the passage to introduce . A. a trend of development in agriculture B. the importance of investing in car industry C. the progress made in car industry D. a special feature of agriculture 28. What does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2? A. Small farmers may gain some advantages over big ones. B. Competition between small and big farms is herce. C. Technology is vital for agricultural development. D. Loans to small local farmers are necessary. 29. What is the difficulty for those new farmers? A. To gain more financial aid. B. To have farms of their own. C. To hire good farm managers. D. To win old farmers’ support. 30. What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fairer farm economy? A. Become members of NYFC. B. Seek support beyond NYFC. C. Expand farmland conservation. D. Invest more to improve technology. 【答案】27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小型农户在面对大型农业企业竞争时，如何通过创新和直接与客户联系等方式保持领先，以及小型农户面临的挑战和解决方案。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“If you want to disturb the car industry, you’d better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems, small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys.(如果你想扰乱汽车行业，你最好有几十亿美元：小家庭汽车制造商不太可能击败最大的汽车公司。但是在农业领域，小农民可以从主要参与者中获得优势。通过与客户直接联系，通过对市场和生态系统的变化做出快速反应，小农民可以领先大公司一步。) ”可知，在文章开头，作者阐述了汽车领域与农业领域的不同之处，在汽车工业领域小的汽车制造商不太可能击败最大的汽车公司，而在农业领域，通过直接与客户联系、以及对市场和生态系统的变化做出快速反应，小农可以比大农户领先一步。由此可知，作者在文章开头用汽车行业与农业领域作对比，是为了引出对农业的一个特点的介绍。故选D。 28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour — a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand-suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldn’t touch the price per pound offered by California farms. But now, with the combination of a litter price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business.(例如，以“快速切割绿叶蔬菜收割机”为例，这是几年前田纳西州的一位年轻农民乔纳森·迪辛格在当地“慢钱”组织的一笔小额贷款帮助下开发的工具。它使小规模农民每小时能够收获175磅绿叶蔬菜——与仅用手收获几十磅相比有了巨大的进步，这突然使得小农户能够与加利福尼亚的大型农场竞争。在这个工具出现之前，小农户无法达到加利福尼亚农场提供的每磅价格。但现在，由于价格较低且产品通常更新鲜，他们可以继续经营。)”可推知，新农具使小农场收获绿色蔬菜的效率提高，降低了收获成本，现在小农场价格与大农场价格接近和小农场产品更新鲜的特点，使得小农场相对于大农场有了一些相对的优势。由此可知，第二段中作者用“快速切割绿叶蔬菜收割机”的例子来说明小农场相对于大农场可以获得一些优势。故选A。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“One crucial factor is secure access to land. Competition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers.(一个关键因素是获得土地的安全。来自投资者、开发商和老牌大农场主的竞争使得许多新农民无法拥有自己的土地。)”可知，于那些新农民来说，不能拥有自己的农场是他们面临的困难。故选B。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.(我们纽约农民联盟(NYFC)需要广泛的支持，因为我们敦促国会增加农田保护，推动移民改革，并寻求能确保来自各种背景的多样化且雄心勃勃的下一代农场取得成功的政策。随着一项新的农业法案将在国会进行辩论，消费者必须与年轻农民站在一起。)”可知，NYFC需要广泛的支持，包括要求国会增加农田保护，推动移民改革，寻求确保不同背景的新农民的成功的政策等，而且消费者必须与年轻农民站在一起。所以，为了保证更可持续和更公平的农业经济，农民需要寻求NYFC以外的更多方面的支持。故选B。 D We have been defending humanities for many decades now, but the crisis of the humanities only grows. In the face of declining student interest and mounting political scrutiny (审查), universities and colleges are increasingly putting humanities departments on the chopping block. As a humanist, I am prepared to admit that I do not know what the value of the humanities is. I once asked the best teacher I ever had why she no longer taught her favorite novel, and she said that she stopped teaching a book when she found she was no longer curious about it. The humanistic spirit is, fundamentally, an inquisitive one. In contrast, defenses of the humanities are not — and cannot be — conducted in an inquisitive spirit, because a defensive spirit is inimical to an inquisitive one. Defensiveness is, it must be admitted, an understandable response when the chopping block is brought out and you need to explain why you shouldn’t be on it, which requires their participants to pretend to know things that they do not actually know. Nonetheless, we should be alert to the danger of becoming accustomed to putting our worst foot forward. An atmosphere of urgency and calls for immediate action are hostile to fields of study like literature and philosophy that require a reflective mood, and the pretense (假装) of knowing what one doesn’t actually know is hostile to forms of inquiry that demand an open mind. A defensive mindset also encourages politicization. If the study of literature or philosophy helps to fight sexism or to promote democracy—and everyone agrees that sexism is bad, and democracy is good — then you have your answer as to why we shouldn’t cut funding for the study of literature or philosophy. Politicization is a way of arming the humanities for its political battles, but it comes at an intellectual cost. Why is sexism so bad? Why is democracy so good? Politicization silences these and other questions, whereas the function of the humanities is to raise them. Humanists are not alone in their ignorance about the purpose of their disciplines. But scientists are under a lot less pressure to explain why they exist because the society at large believes itself to already have the answer to that question. If at some point I am called on to defend the study of Homer or Descartes at some official hearing, I will do my best, but I will not run to battle; the battle will have to come to me. The task of humanists is to invite, to welcome, to excite, to engage. And when we let ourselves be ourselves, when we allow the humanistic spirit that animates us to flow out not only into our classrooms but also in our public-self presentation, we find we don’t need to defend or prove anything: We are irresistible. 31. What is the author’s main concern regarding the crisis in humanities? A. The pressure on humanists to argue for the value of their disciplines. B. The mounting political scrutiny faced by humanities departments. C. People’s little knowledge regarding the purpose of humanities. D. Students’ lack of interest in studying humanities courses. 32. What does the word “inimical” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. immune. B. relevant. C. sensitive. D. contrary. 33. What can be inferred about a defensive mindset? A. It brings about a lower chance of survival for humanities. B. It requires a reflective mood on the study of humanities. C. It leads to a compromise on human’s intellectual depth. D. It is the worst action to take in the face of the crisis. 34. Which of the following might the author most probably agree? A. The battle of humanities is a hard one to fight. B. The future of humanities remains cloudy. C. Science is more useful than humanities. D. Humanities may not need any defense. 【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了人文学科所面临的危机，以及对人文学科的辩护。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Humanists are not alone in their ignorance about the purpose of their disciplines. But scientists are under a lot less pressure to explain why they exist because the society at large believes itself to already have the answer to that question.(并非只有人文主义者对自己学科的目的一无所知。但科学家们在解释它们为什么存在的压力要小得多，因为整个社会都相信自己已经找到了这个问题的答案)”可知，科学家们的压力要比人文主义者的压力小，因为他们在解释自己学科目的的压力要比人文主义者解释自己学科目的的压力小，所以人文学科危机的主要关注点是人文主义者为他们学科的价值而争论的压力。故选A。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句中的“In contrast, defenses of the humanities are not — and cannot be — conducted in an inquisitive spirit, (相比之下，为人文学科辩护不是——也不可能——以一种好奇的精神进行的)”可推知，辩护精神和好奇精神应该是对立的，所以划线词意思是“对立的，相反的”，与contrary意思一致。故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Defensiveness is, it must be admitted, an understandable response when the chopping block is brought out and you need to explain why you shouldn’t be on it, which requires their participants to pretend to know things that they do not actually know.(必须承认，当砧板被拿出来，你需要解释为什么你不应该在砧板上时，防御性是一种可以理解的反应，这需要参与者假装知道他们实际上不知道的事情)”和第四段中的“An atmosphere of urgency and calls for immediate action are hostile to fields of study like literature and philosophy that require a reflective mood, and the pretense (假装) of knowing what one doesn’t actually know is hostile to forms of inquiry that demand an open mind.(紧迫的气氛和立即采取行动的呼吁对文学和哲学等需要反思情绪的研究领域是敌对的，假装知道自己实际上不知道的东西对需要开放心态的探究形式是敌对的。)”可知，参与者假装知道他们实际上不知道的事情，这与人文学科需要开放心态的探究形式相敌对，由此可推测出，防御心态可导致人类智力深度的妥协。故选C。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“And when we let ourselves be ourselves, when we allow the humanistic spirit that animates us to flow out not only into our classrooms but also in our public-self presentation, we find we don’t need to defend or prove anything: We are irresistible.(当我们让自己成为自己，当我们让激励我们的人文精神不仅流入我们的课堂，而且流入我们的公开自我展示时，我们发现我们不需要捍卫或证明任何事情：我们是不可抗拒的。)”可知，作者认为人文学科可能不需要任何辩护。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 “Is the glass half empty or half full?” This old English saying has long been used to differentiate a pessimist from an optimist. For most young people today, the answer is usually “half full”, because we have been taught that a positive attitude towards life is one of the primary keys to success. ____35____ Recent studies indicate that it all depends. There is such a thing as too much positivity, also known as toxic positivity. It happens when someone remains in a happy and positive state and ignores any bad and negative emotions across all situations. ____36____ The death of a pet, a low score on a test, or a mountain of new homework should lead to emotions such as sadness, frustration and anger. If we hide these emotions just because we want to look optimistic in front of our friends and family, they can build up inside of us and end up erupting in unexpected ways. ____37____ ____38____ Imagine having had a bad day, and wanting to talk about it with your friend. However, instead of listening to your problems and sympathizing with you, they simply told you to “be positive” and to “look on the bright side.” By saying such things, they give you the impression that your problems are being completely ignored. Moreover, since you don’t have the right “attitude,” your problems are ultimately your own fault. That being said, nobody likes to be around depressed people. Just take everything as it comes and express how you really feel. ____39____. Given everything I have already said, my simple advice to you is to do that which gives you the best “attitude” in life, whatever for you that might be. Regardless of whether a glass is half-empty or half-full, it nonetheless still has space to fill. A. However, is being negative necessarily a bad thing? B. This makes you human, and your true friends will always stick by you. C. But actually, it is normal for us to experience a range of emotions in a day. D. And this is why I would want to write about staying positive in these difficult times. E. Evidence suggests that overly positive people are at a higher risk of developing psychological problems. F. Aside from the personal emotional impacts of toxic positivity, this attitude can also have a negative effect on the people around you. G. But with everything that has been going on both at home and abroad, it’s probably felt to you like a continuous struggle to remain positive. 【答案】35. A 36. C 37. E 38. F 39. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论积极态度和消极态度对人的影响，指出过度积极可能有害，而适度的消极态度并不一定是坏事，并给出了一些建议。 【35题详解】 上文“‘Is the glass half empty or half full?’ This old English saying has long been used to differentiate a pessimist from an optimist. For most young people today, the answer is usually “half full”, because we have been taught that a positive attitude towards life is one of the primary keys to success.(‘杯子是半空还是半满呢？’这句古老的英语谚语长期以来一直被用来区分悲观主义者和乐观主义者。对于如今的大多数年轻人来说，答案通常是‘半满’，因为我们一直被教导，对生活持积极的态度是成功的主要关键之一。)”提到我们一直被教导要对生活持积极的态度，而下文“Recent studies indicate that it all depends.(最近的研究表明，这要视情况而定。)”却指出最新研究表明要视情况而定，并非我们所认为那样绝对，上下文语意有转折关系。A选项“However, is being negative necessarily a bad thing?(然而，消极就一定是坏事吗？)”起到了承上启下的作用，对上文观点提出质疑，同时为下文对消极态度的讨论做好铺垫。故选A项。 【36题详解】 下文“The death of a pet, a low score on a test, or a mountain of new homework should lead to emotions such as sadness, frustration and anger.(宠物死亡、考试的低分或堆积如山的新作业应该会导致悲伤、沮丧和愤怒等情绪)”列举了日常生活中可能出现的各种消极情绪，是对C选项“But actually, it is normal for us to experience a range of emotions in a day.(但实际上，我们一天中经历一系列情绪是正常的。)”中“a range of emotions”的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 【37题详解】 上文“If we hide these emotions just because we want to look optimistic in front of our friends and family, they can build up inside of us and end up erupting in unexpected ways.(如果我们仅仅因为想在朋友和家人面前显得乐观而隐藏这些情绪，它们就会在我们内心积累，最终以意想不到的方式爆发出来。)”指出为了显得乐观而隐藏的情绪最终会爆发。E选项“Evidence suggests that overly positive people are at a higher risk of developing psychological problems.(证据表明，过于积极的人患心理问题的风险更高)”承接上文，进一步阐述了过度积极可能导致心理问题，句中“developing psychological problems”与上文“erupting in unexpected ways”相照应。故选E项。 【38题详解】 下文“Imagine having had a bad day, and wanting to talk about it with your friend. However, instead of listening to your problems and sympathizing with you, they simply told you to ‘be positive’ and to ‘look on the bright side.’ By saying such things, they give you the impression that your problems are being completely ignored.(想象一下，你度过了一天糟糕的时光，想和朋友聊聊。然而，他们并没有倾听你的问题或同情你，而是简单地告诉你‘要积极’和‘往好的方面看’。说这样的话，他们给你的印象是你的问题被完全忽视了。)”用一个例子来说明过度积极对周围人的负面影响，是对F选项“Aside from the personal emotional impacts of toxic positivity, this attitude can also have a negative effect on the people around you.(有害的积极态度除了对个人情感的影响外，这种态度也会对你周围的人产生负面影响。)”这一观点进行的举例论证，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 【39题详解】 上文“Just take everything as it comes and express how you really feel.(顺其自然，表达你真实的感受。)”建议人们要真诚地表达自己的感受。B选项“This makes you human, and your true friends will always stick by you.(这使你成为人，你的真正朋友会永远支持你。)”指出了真诚表达自己感受的好处，即让人更真实，且能得到真正朋友的支持，与上文内容相呼应。故选B项。 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 If you’ve ever known a young child, you’ve likely been there: it’s clear something is making them unhappy, but when asked if they’re feeling sad, afraid or angry, they either aren’t sure how to answer or give you an answer that is not quite accurate. As we grow, we get better at identifying our feelings. This ability to explain exactly how we’re feeling, using words more specific than the usual “happy” or “sad”, is called Emotional granularity. The words themselves are critical: assigning very specific labels to your emotions means you’re identifying them clearly. A low level of emotional granularity means using the same handful of words, again and again, to identify and talk about feelings. For example, you might stick to words like “angry,” “sad” or “afraid” to describe negative emotions and words like “excited” or “happy” for the positive ones. A lesser ability to differentiate between negative emotions has been observed in people suffering from depression or anxiety. A high level of emotional granularity, on the contrary, is something we all want to pursue. We’re faced with frustrating situations every day, and things rarely go exactly to plan. High emotional granularity leaves us less overwhelmed in challenging or stressful situations—because when identifying specifically how we’re feeling, we can respond to that emotion specifically and even reframe it to better serve us. For example, if we can recognize our annoyance with a teammate as a feeling of disappointment, then we may successfully channel it into a better understanding of how to work with that person in the future. Often, in times of crisis, we are so focused on figuring out how to get things done that we forget to check in with our emotions. Yet emotions impact our ability to perceive what’s happening and make important decisions. So don’t forget to pay special attention to the specific emotions you’re experiencing when navigating through challenges. 40. What does “emotional granularity” refer to? ______________________________________________________________________________ 41. According to the passage, what has been found among people suffering from depression or anxiety? ______________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. >High emotional granularity helps us better deal with challenging or stressful situations because it enables us to focus on figuring out how to get our tasks done. ______________________________________________________________________________ 43. In addition to improving emotional granularity, what do you think are some other way(s) to help you better navigate through challenges? ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It refers to the ability to explain exactly how we’re feeling, using words more specific than the usual “happy” or “sad”. 41. It has been found that people suffering from depression or anxiety have a lesser ability to differentiate between negative emotions. 42. High emotional granularity helps us better deal with challenging or stressful situations because it enables us to focus on figuring out how to get our tasks done. Focusing on figuring out how to get things done instead of checking our own emotions is not a good thing in challenging or stressful situations. The reason why high emotional granularity makes us less overwhelmed in such situations is that we can specifically identify our feelings and respond to them in a concrete way, and even reframe them to better serve us. 43. In addition to improving emotional granularity, maintaining a positive mental attitude, setting clear plans and goals, seeking support from family and friends, and constantly learning new knowledge and experience can also help us better cope with challenges. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了情感粒度的概念以及表现，并建议在处理挑战时关注自己的情绪。 【40题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“This ability to explain exactly how we’re feeling, using words more specific than the usual “happy” or “sad”, is called Emotional granularity.(这种用比通常的“快乐”或“悲伤”更具体的词来准确解释我们感受的能力被称为“情感粒度”)”可知，“情感粒度”指的是用比通常的“快乐”或“悲伤”更具体的词来准确解释我们感受的能力。故答案为：It refers to the ability to explain exactly how we’re feeling, using words more specific than the usual “happy” or “sad”. 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A lesser ability to differentiate between negative emotions has been observed in people suffering from depression or anxiety.(在患有抑郁症或焦虑症的人中，观察到区分负面情绪的能力较弱)”可知，患有抑郁症或焦虑症的人被发现他们区分负面情绪的能力较弱。故答案为：It has been found that people suffering from depression or anxiety have a lesser ability to differentiate between negative emotions. 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“High emotional granularity leaves us less overwhelmed in challenging or stressful situations—because when identifying specifically how we’re feeling, we can respond to that emotion specifically and even reframe it to better serve us.(高情感粒度使我们在具有挑战性或压力的情况下不那么不知所措——因为当我们具体确定自己的感受时，我们可以具体地对这种情绪做出反应，甚至重新构建它以更好地为我们服务)”和最后一段中的“Often, in times of crisis, we are so focused on figuring out how to get things done that we forget to check in with our emotions.(通常，在危机时刻，我们过于专注于弄清楚如何把事情做好，以至于忘记了检查我们的情绪)”可知，在具有挑战性或压力的情况下，专注于弄清楚如何把事情做好而不检查自我情绪并不是一件好事，高情感粒度之所以使我们在这种情况下不那么不知所措，是因为我们可以具体地确定自己的感受，并且对这种情绪做出具体的反应，甚至可以重新构建它以便更好地使其服务于我们，因此“because it enables us to focus on figuring out how to get our tasks done”表述不对。故答案为：High emotional granularity helps us better deal with challenging or stressful situations because it enables us to focus on figuring out how to get our tasks done. Focusing on figuring out how to get things done instead of checking our own emotions is not a good thing in challenging or stressful situations. The reason why high emotional granularity makes us less overwhelmed in such situations is that we can specifically identify our feelings and respond to them in a concrete way, and even reframe them to better serve us. 【43题详解】 思维发散题。根据最后一段中的“So don’t forget to pay special attention to the specific emotions you’re experiencing when navigating through challenges.(因此，在应对挑战时，不要忘记特别注意你所经历的特定情绪)”可知，在处理挑战时，我们要关注自己的具体情绪，因此要提高情感粒度，结合人生经验可知，除此之外，积极的心态、制定明确的计划和目标、寻找家人和朋友的支持、不断学习新知识和经验等，也可以帮助我们更好地应对挑战。故答案为：In addition to improving emotional granularity, maintaining a positive mental attitude, setting clear plans and goals, seeking support from family and friends, and constantly learning new knowledge and experience can also help us better cope with challenges. 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国笔友Jim是校报主编，他们计划出一期奥运专刊。得知中国奥运代表团在巴黎奥运会上大放异彩，他们想在Athletic lcons栏目中包含中国健儿的奥运故事。他发来邮件询问你的建议，请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1.建议介绍的中国运动员或团队； 2.就以上建议简要说明理由。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m excited to help with your Olympic special issue, especially for the “Athletic Icons” part. I think it’s great to include the Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team. They work together so well and never give up, showing what team spirit and hard work can achieve. Also, Panzhanle, a fantastic swimmer, should be mentioned. He’s won lots of gold medals and set world records, showing how dedication pays off. And then there’s Xie Yu, a talented young shooter who’s really precise. These athletes show different sides of Chinese sports, and their stories are truly inspiring. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。外国笔友Jim是校报主编，他想在Athletic lcons栏目中包含中国健儿的奥运故事。要求考生给他回信，向他介绍巴黎奥运会上中国运动员或团队。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：excited → thrilled 尤其：especially → particularly 有天资的：talented → gifted 准确的：precise → accurate 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：These athletes show different sides of Chinese sports, and their stories are truly inspiring. 拓展句：These athletes, whose stories are truly inspiring, show different sides of Chinese sports. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I think it’s great to include the Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team. (运用了省略连词that的宾语从句) [高分句型2] They work together so well and never give up, showing what team spirit and hard work can achieve.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语和连接代词what引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 人大附中2025届高三8月自主复习检测练习 英语 2024年8月 说明：本试卷共8页，共100分；考试时间90分钟；请在答题卡上填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 This Too Shall Pass When my family moved to Ohio over the summer, I feared attending another new school. I had bright red hair and enormous glasses. In addition, I was ___1___ and not very sociable. Boarding the school bus that first day, I felt like all eyes on me. I could hear the ___2___ “She’s huge!” I spent that first bus ride in silence. The following day was ___3___. I did not notice that a few boys had tied a shoelace across the aisle and thus fell face-first on the bus. While embarrassingly gathering my supplies, I heard the laughter, “That felt like an earthquake!” Anyway, I managed to find a seat. Looking out of the window, I ___4___ the tears welling up in my eyes. It was then that I ___5___ into myself. I began walking everywhere. I would wander through the woods behind our house. I began ___6___ the afternoon school bus on purpose, walking home instead. Then, unexpectedly, I started losing weight. And as I became more ___7___ with myself, I began making friends. One of my newly found friends also ___8___ with her weight. She lived near my neighborhood so we would meet and walk together. This became a daily activity with talking and laughing along the way. My friend said that I didn’t have to be perfect. I just had to be me and be happy with myself. While I would not want to ___9___ that time of loneliness, sadness and embarrassment, I am proud I made it through. Whenever I am struggling with any other problem in life, I always remember the proverb “This too shall pass.” If you can find a path with no obstacles, it probably doesn’t ____10____ anywhere. 1. A. slow B. tall C. clumsy D. overweight. 2. A. giggles B. whistles C. whispers D. laughs 3. A. longer B. worse C. funnier D. duller 4. A. took back B. kept away C. put away D. held back 5. A. sank B. tapped C. dug D. turned 6 A. delaying B. missing C. escaping D. stopping 7. A. lonely B. content C. indifferent D. excited 8. A. struggled B. competed C. dealt D. lived 9 A. rethink B. remind C. relate D. relive 10. A. exist B. lead C. stretch D. stay 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In a move away from a more traditional red-brick clay color, an Olympic track___11___ (go) purple for the first time in Olympic Games history. There are no regulations as to the colour of the track, and the host Olympic organising committee are able to choose whatever colour they want, ____12____happened at the 2016 Games in Rio, where they had a blue track-the first time that a red track wasn’t used. For centuries, purple____13____(associate) with royalty. This time it became the color of the track. In Paris, people were hoping a new speed king would arrive in town. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In traditional Chinese culture, Tai Chi is often related to the Chinese idea of yin and yang, the idea that one can see two sides in everything. For those ____14____ do it, Tai Chi can be practiced anytime and anywhere___15___ equipment or a gymnasium. Learning to do it correctly gives us a practical way____16____ (achieve) balance and rhythm of movement. So it is believed that practicing Tai Chi can in some way help us stand, walk, move and run better. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 It was a reading class. While all her classmates ____17____ (fly) through the 2nd and 3rd books in the Harry Potter series, Skye Malik, only on page four of the first book, got impossibly____18____ (stick) on the word “doughnut”. Her unexpected difficulty with reading is called “dyslexia”. Skye got a ____19____ (profession) diagnosis at the end of the 2nd grade. ____20____ (know) that other kids were going through the same thing made it easier on her somehow. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A DOWNLOAD THESE APPS Our brains need challenging tasks to stay sharp. And thankfully, there’s an app for that-many, actually. Alvaro Femandez, CEO of market-research firm Sharp-Brains, suggests trying ones other than the games you usually play. “If you’re doing something that brings novelty, variety and a level of effort, you’re on the right path.” Here are three apps to get your brain going and three more to help it gear back down. BrainHQ This app serves up short tests to identify your weak spots — be it attention, memory or brain speed — and then offers suitable games to help you improve. Studies have shown users have the memory of a person 10 years younger, and have an easier time following a conversation in a crowded room. Lumosity Launched in 2007, this popular app with over 100 million users offers dozens of games and puzzles that focus on different brain skills. Completing tangram puzzles will help build your problem-solving abilities, matching games boost memory, and reordering numbers hones your mastery of math. Cognifit This app offers fun brain games that help boost a dozen skills, including: concentration memory reasoning and coordination. (It even promises to help you become a better driver!) Additionally, Cognifit features tailored regimens for specific conditions, including Parkinson’s, “chemo brain,” depression and ADHD. Calm True to its name, Calm contains breathing exercises, three-to-25-minute guided rueditation sessions and stories designed to help you fall asleep. Actor Mathew McConaughey voices one such tale, called “Wonder”. Headspace This app has hundreds of guided meditations for every need: two-minute mini-sits, SOS sessions for moments of serious stress and versions for walks: For the end of the day, Headspace offers 45-minute podcasts that use calming visualizations and sounds to help you nod off. 10% Happier Inspired by ABC news anchor Dan Harris’ bestselling book, this app includes more than 500 guided meditations, as well as short videos to keep you motivated and the option to text with a coach. 21. This passage is more likely to be seen in . A. a feature in a technology magazine B. the Health page of a newspaper C an analysis from a medical magazine D. research from a university publication 22. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Both Lumocity and Cognifit can improve users’ memory through games. B. The users of BrainHO are ten years younger than those who don’t use it. C. Calm, Headspace and 10% Happier can help users improve sleep quality. D. In Calm, users can watch Mathew McConaughey act in the story “Wonder”. 23. “Jane is a senior three student. Since the beginning of school, she has been unable to concentrate in class, depressed and not very interested in anything.” Which of the following apps may be best for her? A. Calm and Headspace. B. Cognifit and 10% Happier. C. BrainHQ and Cognifit. D. Lumocity and 10% Happier. B Bertie knew there was something in the wind. His mother had been sad in recent days, not sick, just strangely sad. The lion had just lain down beside him, his head warm on Bertie’s feet, when Father cleared his throat and began, “You’ll soon be eight, Bertie. A boy needs a proper education. We’ve found the right place for you, a school near Salisbury in England.” His heart filled with a terrible fear, all Bertie could think of was his white lion. “But the lion,” he cried, “What about the lion?” “I’m afraid there’s something else I have to tell you,” his father said. Looking across at Bertie’s mother, he took a deep breath. Then he told Bertie he had met a circus owner from France, who was over in Africa looking tor lions to buy. He would come to their farm in a few days. “No! You can’t send him to a circus!” said Bertie. “People will come to see him. He’ll be shut up behind bars. I promised him he never would be. And they will laugh at him. He’d rather die. Any animal would!” But as he looked across the table at them, he knew their minds were quite made up. Bertie felt completely betrayed. He waited until he heard his father’s deep breathing next door. With his white lion at his heels, he crept downstairs in his pyjamas, took down his father’s rifle from the rack and stepped out into the night. He ran and ran till his legs could run no more. As the sun came up over the grassland, he climbed to the top of a hill and sat down, his arms round the lion’s neck. The time had come. “Be wild now,” he whispered. “You’ve got to be wild. Don’t ever come home. All my life I’ll think of you, I promise I will.” He buried his head in the lion’s neck. Then, Bertie clambered down off the hill and walked away. When he looked back, the lion was still sitting there watching him; but then he stood up, yawned, stretched, and sprang down after him. Bertie shouted at him, but he kept coming. He threw sticks. He threw stones. Nothing worked. There was only one thing left to do. With tears filling his eyes and his mouth, he lifted the rifle to his shoulder and fired over the lion’s head. 24. Bertie’s mother was sad probably because she . A. knew Bertie would hate to go to England B. knew selling the lion would upset Bertie C. had decided to send Bertie to school D. had been seriously ill recently 25. In the last paragraph, the boy lifted the rifle at the lion to . A protect himself from the lion B. show his anger towards his father C. kill the lion out of fear D. threaten the lion back to the wild 26. The passage intends to show that . A. people and animals can be faithful to each other B. animals usually lead a miserable life in circuses C. parents are sometimes cruel to their children D. animal-hunting is popular in Africa C If you want to disturb the car industry, you’d better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems, small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys. As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition (美国青年农会) and a family farmer myself. I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry. For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour — a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand-suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldn’t touch the price per pound offered by California farms. But now, with the combination of a litter price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business. The sustainable success of small farmers, though, won’t happen without fundamental changes to the industry. One crucial factor is secure access to land. Competition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers. From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions. Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenship — the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own. With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering farmers younger than 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds of the nation’s farmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nation’s food. There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fairer farm economy, but farmers can’t clumsily put them together before us. We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers. 27. The author mentions car industry at the beginning of the passage to introduce . A. a trend of development in agriculture B. the importance of investing in car industry C. the progress made in car industry D. a special feature of agriculture 28. What does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2? A. Small farmers may gain some advantages over big ones. B. Competition between small and big farms is herce. C. Technology is vital for agricultural development. D. Loans to small local farmers are necessary. 29. What is the difficulty for those new farmers? A. To gain more financial aid. B. To have farms of their own. C. To hire good farm managers. D. To win old farmers’ support. 30. What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fairer farm economy? A. Become members of NYFC. B. Seek support beyond NYFC. C. Expand farmland conservation. D. Invest more to improve technology. D We have been defending humanities for many decades now, but the crisis of the humanities only grows. In the face of declining student interest and mounting political scrutiny (审查), universities and colleges are increasingly putting humanities departments on the chopping block. As a humanist, I am prepared to admit that I do not know what the value of the humanities is. I once asked the best teacher I ever had why she no longer taught her favorite novel, and she said that she stopped teaching a book when she found she was no longer curious about it. The humanistic spirit is, fundamentally, an inquisitive one. In contrast, defenses of the humanities are not — and cannot be — conducted in an inquisitive spirit, because a defensive spirit is inimical to an inquisitive one. Defensiveness is, it must be admitted, an understandable response when the chopping block is brought out and you need to explain why you shouldn’t be on it, which requires their participants to pretend to know things that they do not actually know. Nonetheless we should be alert to the danger of becoming accustomed to putting our worst foot forward. An atmosphere of urgency and calls for immediate action are hostile to fields of study like literature and philosophy that require a reflective mood, and the pretense (假装) of knowing what one doesn’t actually know is hostile to forms of inquiry that demand an open mind. A defensive mindset also encourages politicization. If the study of literature or philosophy helps to fight sexism or to promote democracy—and everyone agrees that sexism is bad, and democracy is good — then you have your answer as to why we shouldn’t cut funding for the study of literature or philosophy. Politicization is a way of arming the humanities for its political battles, but it comes at an intellectual cost. Why is sexism so bad? Why is democracy so good? Politicization silences these and other questions, whereas the function of the humanities is to raise them. Humanists are not alone in their ignorance about the purpose of their disciplines. But scientists are under a lot less pressure to explain why they exist because the society at large believes itself to already have the answer to that question. If at some point I am called on to defend the study of Homer or Descartes at some official hearing, I will do my best, but I will not run to battle; the battle will have to come to me. The task of humanists is to invite, to welcome, to excite, to engage. And when we let ourselves be ourselves, when we allow the humanistic spirit that animates us to flow out not only into our classrooms but also in our public-self presentation, we find we don’t need to defend or prove anything: We are irresistible. 31. What is the author’s main concern regarding the crisis in humanities? A. The pressure on humanists to argue for the value of their disciplines. B. The mounting political scrutiny faced by humanities departments. C. People’s little knowledge regarding the purpose of humanities. D. Students’ lack of interest in studying humanities courses. 32. What does the word “inimical” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. immune. B. relevant. C. sensitive. D. contrary. 33. What can be inferred about a defensive mindset? A. It brings about a lower chance of survival for humanities. B. It requires a reflective mood on the study of humanities. C. It leads to a compromise on human’s intellectual depth. D. It is the worst action to take in the face of the crisis. 34. Which of the following might the author most probably agree? A. The battle of humanities is a hard one to fight. B. The future of humanities remains cloudy. C. Science is more useful than humanities. D. Humanities may not need any defense. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 “Is the glass half empty or half full?” This old English saying has long been used to differentiate a pessimist from an optimist. For most young people today, the answer is usually “half full”, because we have been taught that a positive attitude towards life is one of the primary keys to success. ____35____ Recent studies indicate that it all depends. There is such a thing as too much positivity, also known as toxic positivity. It happens when someone remains in a happy and positive state and ignores any bad and negative emotions across all situations. ____36____ The death of a pet, a low score on a test, or a mountain of new homework should lead to emotions such as sadness, frustration and anger. If we hide these emotions just because we want to look optimistic in front of our friends and family, they can build up inside of us and end up erupting in unexpected ways. ____37____ ____38____ Imagine having had a bad day, and wanting to talk about it with your friend. However, instead of listening to your problems and sympathizing with you, they simply told you to “be positive” and to “look on the bright side.” By saying such things, they give you the impression that your problems are being completely ignored. Moreover, since you don’t have the right “attitude,” your problems are ultimately your own fault. That being said, nobody likes to be around depressed people. Just take everything as it comes and express how you really feel. ____39____. Given everything I have already said, my simple advice to you is to do that which gives you the best “attitude” in life, whatever for you that might be. Regardless of whether a glass is half-empty or half-full, it nonetheless still has space to fill. A. However, is being negative necessarily a bad thing? B. This makes you human, and your true friends will always stick by you. C. But actually, it is normal for us to experience a range of emotions in a day. D. And this is why I would want to write about staying positive in these difficult times. E. Evidence suggests that overly positive people are at a higher risk of developing psychological problems. F. Aside from the personal emotional impacts of toxic positivity, this attitude can also have a negative effect on the people around you. G. But with everything that has been going on both at home and abroad, it’s probably felt to you like a continuous struggle to remain positive. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 If you’ve ever known a young child, you’ve likely been there: it’s clear something is making them unhappy, but when asked if they’re feeling sad, afraid or angry, they either aren’t sure how to answer or give you an answer that is not quite accurate. As we grow, we get better at identifying our feelings. This ability to explain exactly how we’re feeling, using words more specific than the usual “happy” or “sad”, is called Emotional granularity. The words themselves are critical: assigning very specific labels to your emotions means you’re identifying them clearly. A low level of emotional granularity means using the same handful of words, again and again, to identify and talk about feelings. For example, you might stick to words like “angry,” “sad” or “afraid” to describe negative emotions and words like “excited” or “happy” for the positive ones. A lesser ability to differentiate between negative emotions has been observed in people suffering from depression or anxiety. A high level of emotional granularity, on the contrary, is something we all want to pursue. We’re faced with frustrating situations every day, and things rarely go exactly to plan. High emotional granularity leaves us less overwhelmed in challenging or stressful situations—because when identifying specifically how we’re feeling, we can respond to that emotion specifically and even reframe it to better serve us. For example, if we can recognize our annoyance with a teammate as a feeling of disappointment, then we may successfully channel it into a better understanding of how to work with that person in the future. Often, in times of crisis, we are so focused on figuring out how to get things done that we forget to check in with our emotions. Yet emotions impact our ability to perceive what’s happening and make important decisions. So don’t forget to pay special attention to the specific emotions you’re experiencing when navigating through challenges. 40. What does “emotional granularity” refer to? ______________________________________________________________________________ 41. According to the passage, what has been found among people suffering from depression or anxiety? ______________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. >High emotional granularity helps us better deal with challenging or stressful situations because it enables us to focus on figuring out how to get our tasks done. ______________________________________________________________________________ 43. In addition to improving emotional granularity, what do you think are some other way(s) to help you better navigate through challenges? ______________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国笔友Jim是校报主编，他们计划出一期奥运专刊。得知中国奥运代表团在巴黎奥运会上大放异彩，他们想在Athletic lcons栏目中包含中国健儿的奥运故事。他发来邮件询问你的建议，请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1.建议介绍的中国运动员或团队； 2.就以上建议简要说明理由。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$