精品解析：广西壮族自治区玉林市博白县二校2023-2024学年高三下学期5月联考英语试题

2024年春季期高三5月联考英语试题 英 语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目填写在规定的位置上。 2第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3. 第Ⅱ卷必须用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不得使用涂改液，胶带纸、修正带和其它笔。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man prefer? A. Tea B. Water. C. Coffee. 2. When did the woman visit the Great Wall? A. This year. B. Last year. C. Not yet. 3. What do we know about the man? A. He doesn't know Mr. Brown. B. He is very busy at the moment. C. He is waiting for someone else. 4. How old is the girl now? A. 7. B. 10. C. 12. 5. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Look after something for her. B. Help her to carry some luggage. C. Show her the way to the luggage office. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Who is visiting the woman for the weekend? A. Her teacher. B. Her brother. C. Her student. 7. What do we know about the man? A. He knows the woman's brother. B. He doesn't know Ann very well. C. He knows the woman's hobby. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers? A. Workers. B. College students. C. High school students. 9 What kind of job would the woman like to do? A. Hotel work. B. Camp organization. C. A job in the open air. 10. What job might the woman finally take? A. Road-building. B. Cutting grass. C. Serving at a hotel. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where does the conversation take place? A. Over the telephone. B. In the woman's home. C. At an insurance company. 12 What happened to the woman? A. She was injured. B. Her phone needs repair. C. Her house was damaged. 13. What will the woman receive? A. Some money. B. A new home. C. Some reports. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What will the two speakers do during the Spring Festival? A. Stay at their own home. B. Go to the man's hometown. C. Go to the woman's hometown. 15. Why won't the two speakers buy toys for Angela? A. She doesn't like toys. B. She is too old for toys. C. She told them so. 16. What will the two speakers buy for Lucas? A A toy spaceship. B. A picture book. C. A microphone. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What does the speaker talk about? A. Many inventions in our daily lives come out by accident. B. Inventors have always displayed unusual side in their daily lives. C. The spread of the first invention in our everyday lives was difficult. 18. Who invented fireworks in old times? A. A soldier. B. A worker. C. A cook. 19. What do we know about Earle Dickson's wife? A. She invented the first Band-Aid. B. She always cut her fingers in the kitchen. C. She was the inventor of the microwave oven. 20. How many inventions does the speaker mention? A. 4. B. 2. C. 6. 第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2. 5分，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Visit National Museum of China The NMC in Beijing is a world-class museum that displays five thousand years of splendid Chinese civilization. Getting Here No.16 East Chang’an Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100006 Bus Route: You can take the No.1, No.2, No.52, No.82, No.120 buses, or Sightseeing Line 2, Tourist Bus Line 1 and Line 2 and get off at Tian’anmen East Station. Metro: You can take Metro Line 1, get off at Tian’anmen East Station, and exit the station through Exit C or D. Admission The NMC opens to the public from Tuesday to Sunday and closes on Monday (except for public holidays). Its opening hours are from 9:00 to 17:30 (last admission at 16:30). According to the regulations on conducting regular epidemic prevention, all visitors must make online appointments (with different time interval available). Please make your appointments 1-7 days in advance and plan your visit properly. We welcome visitors to make online appointments through our official website or official WeChat platform. Official Website: https://ticket.chnmuseum.cn/yuyue/index Official WeChat Platform: Please scan the QR code below, scroll down and click “Visits”, and access the “Reservation” page. Inquiries: 010-65116400 (9:00-16:30) Notice to Visitors Valid ID documents are required to enter the museum during the opening hours. Visitors must go through security check. Restricted items or animals such as dogs and cats are prohibited. Applications must be filed for organizing activities in the museum such as lectures, surveys and video recordings, and the activities can be organized only upon approval. For more information, click here http://en.chnumuseum.cn. 1. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A newspaper. B. A text book. C. An official website. D. An academic article. 2. How many ways to make a reservation? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 3. What are you forbidden to do at the museum? A. Pass the security check. B. Organize any kind of activity. C. Enter the museum at noon. D. Explore the museum with pets. B “Tell me your names and which year of graduate school you're in,” the visiting speaker asked. My discomfort grew as everyone else gave their answers. When my turn came, I swallowed and said I was in my sixth year. “I think it is the student's problem if she spends over 5 years finishing a PhD,” the speaker replied. His comment was the final straw. Right from the start of graduate school, I had been aware that the requirements of my department and my adviser might make my PhD take longer than average. Students need to publish two first-author papers to graduate and my adviser requires students to take the lead in all experiments so we can have full ownership of our work and develop various scientific techniques. I was comfortable with taking longer to become an independent scientist. My adviser had some projects he wanted to handle and I chose one to work on, knowing I could draw on his expertise (专业知识) and gain support from lab mates. However, I investigated 10 different hypotheses (假说) — just to prove each a dead end. Each time the only choice was to make the next likely hypothesis and start over in a different direction. The lack of progress was wearing me down. Then came the speaker's comment. I broke down and went to my adviser. He pointed out that over the past 6 years I had mastered many difficult techniques. My growing expertise was comparable with the very best. If I didn't have the answer to my research question yet, it was because of the complexity of the answer, not because of personal shortcomings. This viewpoint helped calm me. It helped me push forward with determination and perseverance Under my adviser's continued guidance and support, I hit on a hypothesis that worked out and I graduated finally. I realized many graduate students were in the same boat as I was. I wish I could tell them what I came to learn: No one's PhD journey is the same; all we need to do is stick to it. 4. What contributed to the author's longer-than-average PhD journey? A. Insufficient academic support and guidance. B. Constant interruption from visiting speakers. C. Lack of motivation to complete the experiments. D. High standards set by the department and the adviser. 5. What can we learn about the author throughout the research process? A. She experienced a lack of teamwork spirit. B. She met with many struggles and failures. C. She overly relied on assistance from others. D. She was hesitant when faced with challenges. 6. Which of the following words can best describe the author's adviser? A. Strict but inspiring. B. Critical and independent. C. Humorous but patient. D. Knowledgeable but particular. 7. What lesson can we draw from the author's experience? A. Good advice is beyond all price. B. Many hands are better than one. C. Success belongs to the persevering. D. The first step is always the hardest C When Dr. Ken Duckworth, author of You Are Not Alone, interviewed 130 people about mental health conditions for his new book, he found a common point among many of his interviewees: they used hobbies as a way to manage their stress. “Engaging in activities, particularly ones that help you feel connected to something, is really valuable for people’s mental health overall,” Ken says. A hobby, in the straightforward definition, is “the pursuit outside one’s regular occupation”, something other than the required daily duties. We should view a hobby as a form of leisure, even self-care, with a focus on doing something that brings joy or relaxation without guilt. Hobbies are good for the brain. Beyond being a helpful distraction from life’s given stressors, a hobby can make us feel excited, which promotes the release of dopamine (多巴胺) . Even the thought of that exciting new activity can release dopamine. When we get excited about a hobby, we activate the brain’s reward system, which can motivate us to stick with it. “You will then start the cycle where you start to expect to enjoy the experience again, and then you become more motivated to seek out that experience,” Dr. Ciara says. “Feeling a lack of motivation or interest in doing things is a common symptom of depression, so having a hobby can actually work as a protective measure,” Ciara says. In addition, hobbies are good for the soul. Some hobbies can provide you with a sense of purpose that Ken considers a “gearshift”. “I don’t know if I considered my writing a book for the first time a hobby, but it was a definite gearshift for me, which makes me stop doing my daily duties and work on something new,” he says. A hobby can stress that your identity isn’t tied solely to the work you get done during the day. “How do you start? You don’t need to necessarily make the world a better place,” Ken says. “You should think about yourself. It may help to think about the things you liked doing as a kid, and find ways to incorporate those things in your life now, however small,” Ciara says. 8. What do we know about Ken’s interviewees? A. Few of them had stress. B. Many of them had hobbies. C. All of them had mental problems. D. Some of them had a regular occupation. 9. What happens when we get excited about a hobby? A. We make one part of the brain active. B. We experience symptoms of depression. C. We increase interest in our daily duties over time. D. We feel guilty at involving ourselves in leisure activities. 10. Which of the following best explains “gearshift” underlined in paragraph 5? A. Target. B. Surprise. C. Problem. D. Adjustment 11. What’s the purpose of this text? A. To introduce a new hobby. B. To call on people to develop a hobby. C. To introduce the book You Are Not Alone. D. To demonstrate the process of releasing dopamine. D Air pollution causes millions of premature deaths around the world every year, according to an estimate by the World Health Organization. And one of the most significant drivers of air pollution in cities is the exhaust (废气) that comes out of tailpipes from cars, trucks and buses. In an effort to control its air pollution, the city of Hong Kong has applied a system that can sense when a highly polluting vehicle drives by. There are more than 150 sites for the monitoring of vehicle emissions in Hong Kong, so that high-emitting vehicles can be identified quickly and enforced for repair. John Zhou is an environmental engineer at the University of Technology Sydney. And he’s co-author on a new analysis of the program, in the journal Science Advances. He says the system works like this. Sensors at road level shoot beams of light across the road, to a reflector. The sensors then measure how much light is absorbed by pollutants, and roughly calculate emissions from passing vehicles. At the same time the systems are reading license plates, and sends notices to big polluters. Enforcement began in 2014. In the following four years, the program pulled 16,000 vehicles off the road — mostly taxis, but also private cars and buses. Government subsidies (补贴) helped fix up 96 percent of those vehicles, and ensured they passed smog tests. You know, hopefully, from the publication of this research, we can raise awareness about the effectiveness of getting the heavy-polluting vehicles off the road. The repairs cut pollutants like carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides from the city’s air. And that spared people from breathing them in. But the repairs had another effect too. By reducing the pollution from the tailpipe, we’re also simultaneously (同时) increasing the performance of fuel combustion in vehicles, indirectly contributing to the reduction of fuel, and therefore, the reduction of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. By cleaning up its air, Zhou says Hong Kong has cut carbon emissions too. That’s a win-win for people in the city — and beyond. 12. How do the sensors monitor vehicles? A. They measure the poison of the exhaust. B. They track the pollutants emitted by vehicles. C. They use light beams to measure their emissions. D. They read license plates to record their emissions. 13. What was the outcome of the system? A. The number of taxis in Hong Kong decreased. B. The repair subsidies laid a burden on the government. C. Many vehicles were denied access to road permanently. D. Notable achievements were made in reducing pollutants. 14. What's Zhou’s attitude to the system? A. Supportive. B. Worried. C. Indifferent. D. Neutral. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage? A. Hong Kong, a city with polluted air. B. Sensor system HK’s secret weapon to control the exhaust. C. Reduction of fuel, a good solution to reduce air pollution in HK. D. John Zhou, the creator of the sensor system to control the exhaust in HK. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Four ways to be a better adult this year Being an adult, who is navigating grown-up dreams, relationships and responsibilities, is challenging no matter how old you are. Therefore, here’s what you need to know. Remove a subscription or two Is there anything more adult-ish than knowing where all your money is? Chances are there’s a regular charge that’s taking away unnecessary funds from your wallets. It doesn’t even need to be big. ____16____. Besides, this exercise will remind you to keep regular eyes on those little expenses that, if left ignored, can turn into big ones. ____17____ No one knows everything. Do you know how to fix a taillight? Change a tire? Do you know how old your household air filters are? (Don’t lie!) The Internet is full of people waiting to share this knowledge, and it can be genuinely rewarding to learn. The more you know, the more confident you will feel. Take time for mental health Life is stressful for every adult, but to be an effective adult who gets stuff done and has at least a decent relationship with yourself, you need to do something to alleviate all of it. ____18____. For example, drinking tea, positive self-talk and stretching are all you need to kick-start a mental health habit. Decide what matters to you This one feels big, but we can make it manageable. Effective adults have a sense of priority that drives their choices, from their financial decisions to how they spend their time. What should you focus on? What little steps can you take to make it happen? Take note of how you feel when you think about what you will accomplish in the future. ____19____. ____20____ you’re laying good foundations for being a better adult in 2024. A. Learn a new household skill B. Start with some tips from our adulthood C. As you go back to the basics and achieve your goals D. By knocking out these relatively manageable and adult tasks E. Working through this can give you a renewed sense of purpose F. Just 15 minutes a day of any activity that brings you calm can be helpful G. It could be a streaming service or productivity app you don’t use anymore 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Experts worry that teen texting is out of control. Instead of ____21____, Kenny, 16, often ____22____ with his friends through the night. “You get a(n) ____23____,” explains the teen, who lives in Texas. “When I get a text, I’m itching (渴望) to ____24____ it even if I want to sleep.” Garcia, a high school senior from Grand Kennedy, has also felt the need to stay constantly ____25____. We asked how many texts she sent and received each day. “I don’t know… maybe 1,000?” she answered. “It’s too many to ____26____.” Dr. Dowdell, at Villanova University, says that many people expect to be able to ____27____ anyone at any time. “It’s very ____28____, especially to a high school student. But it reduces the time that could be spent studying, exercising, or just relaxing. Another ____29____ is, there’s no downtime.” And people need to _____30_____—especially when we have so much to do. So we decided to have Kenny and Garcia do an experiment. These were the _____31_____: No phone for 48 hours. No computer or Internet either. “Wow, it was completely _____32_____,” Kenny joked. Though he was sad and missed his friends at times, he _____33_____ “it had benefits.” _____34_____ texting, he went to the gym and caught up on schoolwork. Garcia had an even more _____35_____ result. “I loved it!” she said, “I was hanging out with friends and slept better too.” 21. A. sleeping B. exercising C. reading D. working 22. A. studies B. discusses C. argues D. texts 23. A. power B. urge C. approval D. commitment 24. A. submit to B. feed on C. respond to D. struggle against 25. A. surrounded B. accepted C. connected D. acknowledged 26. A. avoid B. count C. anticipate D. accumulate 27. A. access B. challenge C. consult D. influence 28. A. appealing B. annoying C. frustrating D. encouraging 29. A. benefit B. expectation C. assumption D. concern 30. A. resist B. advance C. concentrate D. pause 31. A. components B. applications C. rules D. options 32. A. painful B. enjoyable C. serious D. helpful 33. A. instructed B. hesitated C. rejected D. admitted 34. A. In spite of B. Instead of C. But for D. Along with 35. A. direct B. depressing C. joyful D. practical 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 China is known as the home of tea. Since ancient times, tea has penetrated (渗透) Chinese culture, ____36____ (leave) its aroma in poetry, etiquette and customs. Many tea lovers enjoy tea not just for its flavor, but also for the beauty of tea ceremonies. Picking tea leaves ____37____ (be) an important spring activity in the Yangtze River basin in South China. The earliest batch of tea is often ready to be picked before Qingming, ____38____ usually happens in early April when the temperature begins to rise and rainfall increases. This precious small output of tea, ____39____ (wide) sought after for its outstanding quality, is called Mingqian tea. East China’s Zhejiang province is acknowledged as ____40____ major producer of tea. White Tea in Huzhou city’s Anji county and West Lake Longjing Tea in Hangzhou are two well-known teas in both China and abroad. In spring, local hillsides are filled ____41____ tea workers sowing seeds on their lands. In the peak seasons, a lot of tourists flood into tea farms ____42____ (witness) the beautiful scenery for ____43____ (they) , while enjoying a freshly brewed cup of tea. Thousands of years ago, by the hands of the Chinese people, a leaf was brewed into a delicious drink. It has traveled a long way ____44____ continues to bloom, even today. Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China _____45_____ (include) on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2022. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Ben得知你校开展了丰富多彩的校本课，请你给他写信介绍你最喜欢的体育校本课 (PE school-based course) 的相关情况，内容如下： 1. 上课的时间和内容；2. 喜欢的原因和收获。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Ben, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Have you ever noticed how certain smells can call up particular emotions or memories? A whiff of perfume(一阵香水味)or after-shave recalls a favorite person; the delicious smell of warm bread tickles the taste buds(味蕾). Think about newly cut grass or how the air smells after a thunderstorm. Burning leaves on fresh and cold fall days always remind me of the football at the weekend. Perhaps the smells that surround Christmas carry the most memories. The fresh green smell of pine trees; the fragrances of a variety of food, especially the ones given off by cookies being baked in an oven and hot chocolate. Moreover, the scent of wood smoke around the burning fire can also bring warmth and the comfortable feeling to our mind. It is amazing how much love and laughter they bring into our lives and even how much closer we become with each other because of them. But the smell I associate best with Christmas and winter is a wet dog. Our dog was mostly an outdoor dog and was often wet completely in the rain. We tried to dry him off as soon as he came in, grabbing the old, dirty towel by the door. He usually shook himself before we could catch him. The walls of the back entry were always spotted with brown mud all winter. We brushed him regularly in spring and summer when winter fur fell out by handfuls, but baths were rare. So, of course, his smell built up over time. Try as we might, we never could completely get rid of that smell. It lay hidden deep in his fur and skin. The distinctive smell of the wet dog was a reminder of the Christmas vacation when I was twelve, and the cousins from Ohio were visiting. We had gotten shiny, slippery flying saucers as gifts and were also blessed with fresh snow. The four of us spent as much time as possible sliding down the short hill to the pond. Naturally, we tested the ice on the pond before sliding the first day, and we knew we could slide across it and lengthen our ride. 注意： 1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右： 2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 On the third day, we were so eager to play that we did not check it. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I stepped down the bank carefully to reach him, but the dog was faster. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年春季期高三5月联考英语试题 英 语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目填写在规定的位置上。 2第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3. 第Ⅱ卷必须用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不得使用涂改液，胶带纸、修正带和其它笔。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man prefer? A. Tea B. Water. C. Coffee. 2. When did the woman visit the Great Wall? A. This year. B. Last year. C. Not yet. 3. What do we know about the man? A. He doesn't know Mr. Brown. B. He is very busy at the moment. C. He is waiting for someone else. 4. How old is the girl now? A. 7. B. 10. C. 12. 5. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Look after something for her. B. Help her to carry some luggage. C. Show her the way to the luggage office. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Who is visiting the woman for the weekend? A. Her teacher. B. Her brother. C. Her student. 7. What do we know about the man? A. He knows the woman's brother. B. He doesn't know Ann very well. C. He knows the woman's hobby. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers? A. Workers. B. College students. C. High school students. 9. What kind of job would the woman like to do? A. Hotel work. B. Camp organization. C. A job in the open air. 10. What job might the woman finally take? A Road-building. B. Cutting grass. C. Serving at a hotel. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where does the conversation take place? A. Over the telephone. B. In the woman's home. C. At an insurance company. 12. What happened to the woman? A. She was injured. B. Her phone needs repair. C. Her house was damaged. 13. What will the woman receive? A. Some money. B. A new home. C. Some reports. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What will the two speakers do during the Spring Festival? A. Stay at their own home. B. Go to the man's hometown. C. Go to the woman's hometown. 15 Why won't the two speakers buy toys for Angela? A. She doesn't like toys. B. She is too old for toys. C. She told them so. 16. What will the two speakers buy for Lucas? A. A toy spaceship. B. A picture book. C. A microphone. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What does the speaker talk about? A. Many inventions in our daily lives come out by accident. B. Inventors have always displayed unusual side in their daily lives. C. The spread of the first invention in our everyday lives was difficult. 18. Who invented fireworks in old times? A. A soldier. B. A worker. C. A cook. 19. What do we know about Earle Dickson's wife? A. She invented the first Band-Aid. B. She always cut her fingers in the kitchen. C. She was the inventor of the microwave oven. 20. How many inventions does the speaker mention? A. 4. B. 2. C. 6. 第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2. 5分，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Visit National Museum of China The NMC in Beijing is a world-class museum that displays five thousand years of splendid Chinese civilization. Getting Here No.16 East Chang’an Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100006 Bus Route: You can take the No.1, No.2, No.52, No.82, No.120 buses, or Sightseeing Line 2, Tourist Bus Line 1 and Line 2 and get off at Tian’anmen East Station. Metro: You can take Metro Line 1, get off at Tian’anmen East Station, and exit the station through Exit C or D. Admission The NMC opens to the public from Tuesday to Sunday and closes on Monday (except for public holidays). Its opening hours are from 9:00 to 17:30 (last admission at 16:30). According to the regulations on conducting regular epidemic prevention, all visitors must make online appointments (with different time interval available). Please make your appointments 1-7 days in advance and plan your visit properly. We welcome visitors to make online appointments through our official website or official WeChat platform. Official Website: https://ticket.chnmuseum.cn/yuyue/index Official WeChat Platform: Please scan the QR code below, scroll down and click “Visits”, and access the “Reservation” page. Inquiries: 010-65116400 (9:00-16:30) Notice to Visitors Valid ID documents are required to enter the museum during the opening hours. Visitors must go through security check. Restricted items or animals such as dogs and cats are prohibited. Applications must be filed for organizing activities in the museum such as lectures, surveys and video recordings, and the activities can be organized only upon approval. For more information, click here http://en.chnumuseum.cn. 1. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A newspaper. B. A text book. C. An official website. D. An academic article. 2. How many ways to make a reservation? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 3. What are you forbidden to do at the museum? A. Pass the security check. B. Organize any kind of activity. C Enter the museum at noon. D. Explore the museum with pets. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是到中国国家博物馆参观的旅游指南。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“For more information, click here http://en.chnumuseum.cn.(更多信息，请点击这里http://en.chnumuseum.cn。)”可推知，文章可能出自一个官方网站。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Admission部分中“We welcome visitors to make online appointments through our official website or official WeChat platform.(我们欢迎参观者通过我们的官方网站或官方微信平台进行在线预约。)”可知，有两种预约方法。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Restricted items or animals such as dogs and cats are prohibited.(禁止携带限制物品或动物，如狗和猫。)”可知，和宠物一起探索博物馆是禁止在博物馆内做的事情。故选D。 B “Tell me your names and which year of graduate school you're in,” the visiting speaker asked. My discomfort grew as everyone else gave their answers. When my turn came, I swallowed and said I was in my sixth year. “I think it is the student's problem if she spends over 5 years finishing a PhD,” the speaker replied. His comment was the final straw. Right from the start of graduate school, I had been aware that the requirements of my department and my adviser might make my PhD take longer than average. Students need to publish two first-author papers to graduate and my adviser requires students to take the lead in all experiments so we can have full ownership of our work and develop various scientific techniques. I was comfortable with taking longer to become an independent scientist. My adviser had some projects he wanted to handle and I chose one to work on, knowing I could draw on his expertise (专业知识) and gain support from lab mates. However, I investigated 10 different hypotheses (假说) — just to prove each a dead end. Each time the only choice was to make the next likely hypothesis and start over in a different direction. The lack of progress was wearing me down. Then came the speaker's comment. I broke down and went to my adviser. He pointed out that over the past 6 years I had mastered many difficult techniques. My growing expertise was comparable with the very best. If I didn't have the answer to my research question yet, it was because of the complexity of the answer, not because of personal shortcomings. This viewpoint helped calm me. It helped me push forward with determination and perseverance Under my adviser's continued guidance and support, I hit on a hypothesis that worked out and I graduated finally. I realized many graduate students were in the same boat as I was. I wish I could tell them what I came to learn: No one's PhD journey is the same; all we need to do is stick to it. 4. What contributed to the author's longer-than-average PhD journey? A. Insufficient academic support and guidance. B. Constant interruption from visiting speakers. C. Lack of motivation to complete the experiments. D. High standards set by the department and the adviser. 5. What can we learn about the author throughout the research process? A. She experienced a lack of teamwork spirit. B. She met with many struggles and failures. C. She overly relied on assistance from others. D. She was hesitant when faced with challenges. 6. Which of the following words can best describe the author's adviser? A. Strict but inspiring. B. Critical and independent. C. Humorous but patient. D. Knowledgeable but particular. 7. What lesson can we draw from the author's experience? A. Good advice is beyond all price. B. Many hands are better than one. C. Success belongs to the persevering. D. The first step is always the hardest 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述作者攻读博士学位的艰难经历告诉我们成功属于坚持不懈的人。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Right from the start of graduate school, I had been aware that the requirements of my department and my adviser might make my PhD take longer than average.(从研究生院开始，我就意识到我的院系和我的导师的要求可能会使我的博士学位花费比平均水平更长的时间。)”可知，是院系和导师制定的高标准促成了作者比一般人更长的博士之旅。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Each time the only choice was to make the next likely hypothesis and start over in a different direction. The lack of progress was wearing me down.(每次唯一的选择就是做出下一个可能的假设，然后从不同的方向重新开始。缺乏进展使我精疲力竭。)”可知，在整个研究过程中作者遇到了许多困难和失败。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Right from the start of graduate school, I had been aware that the requirements of my department and my adviser might make my PhD take longer than average.(从研究生院开始，我就意识到我的院系和我的导师的要求可能会使我的博士学位花费比平均水平更长的时间。)”可知，导师是严格的；根据文章最后一段“This viewpoint helped calm me. It helped me push forward with determination and perseverance Under my adviser's continued guidance and support, I hit on a hypothesis that worked out and I graduated finally.(这种观点使我平静下来。在导师的不断指导和支持下，我突然想到了一个假说，这个假说成立了，我终于毕业了。)”可知，导师是鼓舞人心的，所以“严格的”和“鼓舞人心的”这两个词最能描述作者的导师。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。分析全文内容，再根据文章最后一段“I realized many graduate students were in the same boat as I was. I wish I could tell them what I came to learn: No one's PhD journey is the same; all we need to do is stick to it.(我意识到很多研究生都和我一样。我希望我能告诉他们我来这里的目的：没有人的博士之旅是相同的；我们要做的就是坚持下去。)”可知，作者通过他的精力告诉我们坚持的重要性，所以C选项“成功属于坚持不懈的人”符合题意。故选C项。 C When Dr. Ken Duckworth, author of You Are Not Alone, interviewed 130 people about mental health conditions for his new book, he found a common point among many of his interviewees: they used hobbies as a way to manage their stress. “Engaging in activities, particularly ones that help you feel connected to something, is really valuable for people’s mental health overall,” Ken says. A hobby, in the straightforward definition, is “the pursuit outside one’s regular occupation”, something other than the required daily duties. We should view a hobby as a form of leisure, even self-care, with a focus on doing something that brings joy or relaxation without guilt. Hobbies are good for the brain. Beyond being a helpful distraction from life’s given stressors, a hobby can make us feel excited, which promotes the release of dopamine (多巴胺) . Even the thought of that exciting new activity can release dopamine. When we get excited about a hobby, we activate the brain’s reward system, which can motivate us to stick with it. “You will then start the cycle where you start to expect to enjoy the experience again, and then you become more motivated to seek out that experience,” Dr. Ciara says. “Feeling a lack of motivation or interest in doing things is a common symptom of depression, so having a hobby can actually work as a protective measure,” Ciara says. In addition, hobbies are good for the soul. Some hobbies can provide you with a sense of purpose that Ken considers a “gearshift”. “I don’t know if I considered my writing a book for the first time a hobby, but it was a definite gearshift for me, which makes me stop doing my daily duties and work on something new,” he says. A hobby can stress that your identity isn’t tied solely to the work you get done during the day. “How do you start? You don’t need to necessarily make the world a better place,” Ken says. “You should think about yourself. It may help to think about the things you liked doing as a kid, and find ways to incorporate those things in your life now, however small,” Ciara says. 8. What do we know about Ken’s interviewees? A. Few of them had stress. B. Many of them had hobbies. C. All of them had mental problems. D. Some of them had a regular occupation. 9. What happens when we get excited about a hobby? A. We make one part of the brain active. B. We experience symptoms of depression. C. We increase interest in our daily duties over time. D. We feel guilty at involving ourselves in leisure activities. 10. Which of the following best explains “gearshift” underlined in paragraph 5? A. Target. B. Surprise. C. Problem. D. Adjustment 11. What’s the purpose of this text? A. To introduce a new hobby. B. To call on people to develop a hobby. C. To introduce the book You Are Not Alone. D. To demonstrate the process of releasing dopamine. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了《你并不孤单》的作者肯·达克沃斯(Ken Duckworth)博士发现多数受访者用爱好来管理压力，参与那些能让你感觉与某事有联系的活动，对人们的整体心理健康很有价值。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“When Dr. Ken Duckworth, author of You Are Not Alone, interviewed 130 people about mental health conditions for his new book, he found a common point among many of his interviewees: they used hobbies as a way to manage their stress.（《你并不孤单》(You Are Not Alone)一书的作者肯·达克沃斯(Ken Duckworth)博士为他的新书采访了130人的心理健康状况，他在许多受访者中发现了一个共同点:他们用爱好来管理压力。）”可知，受访者很多都有爱好。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“When we get excited about a hobby, we activate the brain's reward system, which can motivate us to stick with it. ‘You will then start the cycle where you start to expect to enjoy the experience again, and then you become more motivated to seek out that experience,’ Dr. Ciara says.（当我们对一个爱好感到兴奋时，我们激活了大脑的奖励系统，它可以激励我们坚持下去。西亚拉博士说:“你会开始一个循环，你开始期待再次享受这段经历，然后你会变得更有动力去寻求这段经历。”）”可知，我们让大脑的一部分活跃起来。故选A。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段划线词后“‘I don’t know if I considered my writing a book for the first time a hobby, but it was a definite gearshift for me, which makes me stop doing my daily duties and work on something new,’ he says. A hobby can stress that your identity isn’t tied solely to the work you get done during the day.（他说:“我不知道我是否第一次把写书当成一种爱好，但这对我来说确实是一种转变，它让我放下日常工作，去做一些新的事情。”爱好可以强调你的身份不仅仅与你白天完成的工作联系在一起。）”可知，爱好可以让你放下日常工作转而做其他新事情。gearshift是adjustment调整。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘How do you start? You don't need to necessarily make the world a better place,’Ken says. ‘You should think about yourself. It may help to think about the things you liked doing as a kid, and find ways to incorporate those things in your life now, however small,’ Ciara says.（“你怎么开始?”你不一定要让世界变得更美好，”肯说。“你应该为自己考虑。想想你小时候喜欢做的事情，然后想办法把这些事情融入到你现在的生活中，不管这些事情有多小，”西亚拉说。）”可知，文章通过介绍爱好的好处来号召人们培养一个爱好。故选B。 D Air pollution causes millions of premature deaths around the world every year, according to an estimate by the World Health Organization. And one of the most significant drivers of air pollution in cities is the exhaust (废气) that comes out of tailpipes from cars, trucks and buses. In an effort to control its air pollution, the city of Hong Kong has applied a system that can sense when a highly polluting vehicle drives by. There are more than 150 sites for the monitoring of vehicle emissions in Hong Kong, so that high-emitting vehicles can be identified quickly and enforced for repair. John Zhou is an environmental engineer at the University of Technology Sydney. And he’s co-author on a new analysis of the program, in the journal Science Advances. He says the system works like this. Sensors at road level shoot beams of light across the road, to a reflector. The sensors then measure how much light is absorbed by pollutants, and roughly calculate emissions from passing vehicles. At the same time the systems are reading license plates, and sends notices to big polluters. Enforcement began in 2014. In the following four years, the program pulled 16,000 vehicles off the road — mostly taxis, but also private cars and buses. Government subsidies (补贴) helped fix up 96 percent of those vehicles, and ensured they passed smog tests. You know, hopefully, from the publication of this research, we can raise awareness about the effectiveness of getting the heavy-polluting vehicles off the road. The repairs cut pollutants like carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides from the city’s air. And that spared people from breathing them in. But the repairs had another effect too. By reducing the pollution from the tailpipe, we’re also simultaneously (同时) increasing the performance of fuel combustion in vehicles, indirectly contributing to the reduction of fuel, and therefore, the reduction of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. By cleaning up its air, Zhou says Hong Kong has cut carbon emissions too. That’s a win-win for people in the city — and beyond. 12. How do the sensors monitor vehicles? A. They measure the poison of the exhaust. B. They track the pollutants emitted by vehicles. C. They use light beams to measure their emissions. D. They read license plates to record their emissions. 13. What was the outcome of the system? A. The number of taxis in Hong Kong decreased. B. The repair subsidies laid a burden on the government. C. Many vehicles were denied access to road permanently. D. Notable achievements were made in reducing pollutants. 14. What's Zhou’s attitude to the system? A. Supportive. B. Worried. C. Indifferent. D. Neutral. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage? A. Hong Kong, a city with polluted air. B. Sensor system, HK’s secret weapon to control the exhaust. C. Reduction of fuel, a good solution to reduce air pollution in HK. D. John Zhou, the creator of the sensor system to control the exhaust in HK. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述香港采用了一种可以检测高污染车辆何时经过的系统来检查废气排放量，从而控制空气污染。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第四段“Sensors at road level shoot beams of light across the road, to a reflector. The sensors then measure how much light is absorbed by pollutants, and roughly calculate emissions from passing vehicles. At the same time the systems are reading license plates, and sends notices to big polluters.(道路水平的传感器将光束穿过道路，射向反射器。然后，传感器测量污染物吸收了多少光，并粗略计算过往车辆的排放量。与此同时，这些系统正在读取车牌，并向大污染者发送通知。)”可知，传感器通过使用光束测量车辆的排放来监测车辆。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第五段“Enforcement began in 2014. In the following four years, the program pulled 16, 000 vehicles off the road—mostly taxis, but also private cars and buses. Government subsidies (补贴) helped fix up 96 percent of those vehicles, and ensured they passed smog tests.(执法始于2014年。在接下来的四年里，该计划从道路上撤下了16000辆车，其中大部分是出租车，但也有私家车和公共汽车。政府补贴帮助修复了96%的这些车辆，并确保它们通过了烟雾测试。)”可推测，该系统减少污染物排放成效显著。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“By cleaning up its air, Zhou says Hong Kong has cut carbon emissions too. That’s a win-win for people in the city—and beyond.(周说，通过净化空气，香港也减少了碳排放。这对城市内外的人们来说都是双赢的。)”可知，周对该系统是支持的。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章第二段“In an effort to control its air pollution, the city of Hong Kong has applied a system that can sense when a highly polluting vehicle drives by. There are more than 150 sites for the monitoring of vehicle emissions in Hong Kong, so that high-emitting vehicles can be identified quickly and enforced for repair.(为了控制空气污染，香港市采用了一种可以检测高污染车辆何时经过的系统。香港有150多个车辆排放监测点，以便快速识别高排放车辆并强制进行维修。)”以及上下文可知，文章主要讲述香港采用了一种可以检测高污染车辆何时经过的系统来检查废气排放量，从而控制空气污染。所以B项Sensor system, HK’s secret weapon to control the exhaust.(传感器系统，香港控制废气的秘密武器。)符合语境。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Four ways to be a better adult this year Being an adult, who is navigating grown-up dreams, relationships and responsibilities, is challenging no matter how old you are. Therefore, here’s what you need to know. Remove a subscription or two Is there anything more adult-ish than knowing where all your money is? Chances are there’s a regular charge that’s taking away unnecessary funds from your wallets. It doesn’t even need to be big. ____16____. Besides, this exercise will remind you to keep regular eyes on those little expenses that, if left ignored, can turn into big ones. ____17____ No one knows everything. Do you know how to fix a taillight? Change a tire? Do you know how old your household air filters are? (Don’t lie!) The Internet is full of people waiting to share this knowledge, and it can be genuinely rewarding to learn. The more you know, the more confident you will feel. Take time for mental health Life is stressful for every adult, but to be an effective adult who gets stuff done and has at least a decent relationship with yourself, you need to do something to alleviate all of it. ____18____. For example, drinking tea, positive self-talk and stretching are all you need to kick-start a mental health habit. Decide what matters to you This one feels big, but we can make it manageable. Effective adults have a sense of priority that drives their choices, from their financial decisions to how they spend their time. What should you focus on? What little steps can you take to make it happen? Take note of how you feel when you think about what you will accomplish in the future. ____19____. ____20____ you’re laying good foundations for being a better adult in 2024. A. Learn a new household skill B. Start with some tips from our adulthood C. As you go back to the basics and achieve your goals D. By knocking out these relatively manageable and adult tasks E. Working through this can give you a renewed sense of purpose F. Just 15 minutes a day of any activity that brings you calm can be helpful G. It could be a streaming service or productivity app you don’t use anymore 【答案】16. G 17. A 18. F 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章对如何成为更好的成年人提出了四点建议和方法。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Chances are, there’s a regular charge that’s taking away unnecessary funds from your wallets. It doesn’t even need to be big. (很有可能，有一项定期收费会从你的钱包里拿走不必要的钱。它甚至不需要很多。)”和小标题“Remove a subscription or two (删除一两个订阅)”可知，此处是讲对一些会造成收费的订阅进行举例，所以选项G“它可能是你不再使用的流媒体服务或生产力应用程序”切合文意。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据后文“No one knows everything. Do you know how to fix a taillight? Change a tire? Do you know how old your household air filters are? (没有人知道一切。你知道怎么修尾灯吗？换轮胎？你知道你的家用空气过滤器用了多久吗？)”可知，此处是指学习家务技能，所以选项A“学习一项新的家务技能”切合文意。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据前文“Life is stressful for every adult, but to be an effective adult who gets stuff done and has at least a decent relationship with yourself, you need to do something to alleviate all of it. (每个成年人的生活都充满压力，但要成为一个高效的成年人，完成任务，至少与自己保持良好的关系，你需要做一些事情来减轻所有这些压力。)”和后文“For example, drinking tea, positive self-talk and stretching are all you need to kick-start a mental health habit. (例如，喝茶、积极的自我对话和伸展运动都是你需要开始养成的心理健康习惯。)”可知，此处是讲通过养成一些小的日常习惯来让自己保持心理健康，所以选项F“每天只花15分钟做一些能让你平静下来的活动是有帮助的”切合文意。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据前文“Effective adults have a sense of priority that drives their choices, from their financial decisions to how they spend their time. What should you focus on? What little steps can you take to make it happen? Take note of how you feel when you think about what you will accomplish in the future. (从财务决策到如何利用时间，高效的成年人都有一种优先感，这种优先感驱动着他们的选择。你应该关注什么？你可以采取哪些小步骤来实现它？当你想到你将来要完成的事情时，记下你的感受。)”可知，此处是指照前文中的做法可以给自己全新的目标感，所以选项E“解决这个问题可以给你一种新的目标感”切合文意。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据后文“you’re laying good foundations for being a better adult in 2024 (你正在为2024年成为一个更好的成年人打下良好的基础)”和标题“Four ways to be a better adult this year (今年成为更好的成年人的四种方法)”可知，此处是讲通过践行文中提到的方法完成目标，就可以为成为更好的成年人打下基础，所以选项C“当你回到这些基本原则，实现你的目标”切合文意。故选C。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Experts worry that teen texting is out of control. Instead of ____21____, Kenny, 16, often ____22____ with his friends through the night. “You get a(n) ____23____,” explains the teen, who lives in Texas. “When I get a text, I’m itching (渴望) to ____24____ it even if I want to sleep.” Garcia, a high school senior from Grand Kennedy, has also felt the need to stay constantly ____25____. We asked how many texts she sent and received each day. “I don’t know… maybe 1,000?” she answered. “It’s too many to ____26____.” Dr. Dowdell, at Villanova University, says that many people expect to be able to ____27____ anyone at any time. “It’s very ____28____, especially to a high school student. But it reduces the time that could be spent studying, exercising, or just relaxing. Another ____29____ is, there’s no downtime.” And people need to _____30_____—especially when we have so much to do. So we decided to have Kenny and Garcia do an experiment. These were the _____31_____: No phone for 48 hours. No computer or Internet either. “Wow, it was completely _____32_____,” Kenny joked. Though he was sad and missed his friends at times, he _____33_____ “it had benefits.” _____34_____ texting, he went to the gym and caught up on schoolwork. Garcia had an even more _____35_____ result. “I loved it!” she said, “I was hanging out with friends and slept better too.” 21. A. sleeping B. exercising C. reading D. working 22. A. studies B. discusses C. argues D. texts 23. A. power B. urge C. approval D. commitment 24. A. submit to B. feed on C. respond to D. struggle against 25. A. surrounded B. accepted C. connected D. acknowledged 26. A. avoid B. count C. anticipate D. accumulate 27. A. access B. challenge C. consult D. influence 28. A. appealing B. annoying C. frustrating D. encouraging 29. A. benefit B. expectation C. assumption D. concern 30. A. resist B. advance C. concentrate D. pause 31. A. components B. applications C. rules D. options 32. A. painful B. enjoyable C. serious D. helpful 33. A. instructed B. hesitated C. rejected D. admitted 34. A. In spite of B. Instead of C. But for D. Along with 35. A. direct B. depressing C. joyful D. practical 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讨论了青少年过度使用手机发送短信的问题。一些专家担心青少年沉迷于短信交流，甚至在睡觉时间也不停地与朋友发送短信。与此同时，专家提出了实验来解决这个问题。 【21题详解】 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：16岁的肯尼经常整夜不睡觉，而是和朋友们发短信。A. sleeping睡觉；B. exercising锻炼；C. reading阅读；D. working工作。根据下文“When I get a text, I’m itching (渴望) to ____4____ it even if I want to sleep.”提到即使我想睡觉，由此可推知，此处应表示16岁的肯尼经常整夜不睡觉，而是和朋友们发短信。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：16岁的肯尼经常整夜不睡觉，而是和朋友们发短信。A. studies学习；B. discusses讨论；C. argues争论；D. texts发短信。根据下文“When I get a text…”由此可知，此处应表示16岁的肯尼经常整夜不睡觉，而是和朋友们发短信。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你会有一种冲动，”这位住在德克萨斯州的青少年解释说。A. power力量；B. urge冲动；C. approval赞同；D. commitment承诺。根据下文“I’m itching (渴望) to ____4____ it even if I want to sleep.”可知，此处指的是发短信的冲动。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我收到一条短信时，即使我想睡觉，我也渴望回复它。A. submit to提交；B. feed on喂养；C. respond to回复；D. struggle against与……斗争。根据上下文语境以及下文“even if I want to sleep”可推知，此处应表示即使我想睡觉，我也渴望回复短信。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：加西亚是大肯尼迪大学的一名高三学生，她也觉得有必要经常保持联系。A. surrounded环绕的；B. accepted可接受的；C. connected联系的；D. acknowledged公认的。根据下文“We asked how many texts she sent and received each day.”以及“It’s too many to ____6____.”可推知，此处应表示她也觉得有必要经常保持联系。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：太多了，数不清。A. avoid避免；B. count数；C. anticipate预测；D. accumulate积累。根据上文“I don’t know… maybe 1,000?”由此可知，此处应表示发的短信太多了，数不清。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：维拉诺瓦大学的道德尔博士说，许多人希望能够在任何时候联系到任何人。A. access接近，获取；B. challenge挑战；C. consult咨询；D. influence影响。根据上文“many people expect to be able to”以及下文“anyone at any time.”可知，此处应表示许多人希望能够在任何时候联系到任何人。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很有吸引力，尤其是对高中生来说。A. appealing有吸引力的；B. annoying令人恼怒的；C. frustrating受挫折的；D. encouraging鼓舞人心的。根据上文提到的许多人希望能够在任何时候联系到任何人，以及下文“especially to a high school student”由此可知，此处应表示这很有吸引力，尤其是对高中生来说。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个问题，没有停机时间。A. benefit益处；B. expectation期待；C. assumption假定；D. concern担心，问题。根据下文“there’s no downtime”由此可知，此处应表示另一个问题是，没有停机时间。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们需要停下来，尤其是当我们有很多事情要做的时候。A. resist抵制；B. advance前进；C. concentrate专注于；D. pause停下来。根据下文“especially when we have so much to do”提到当我们有很多事情要做的时候，由此可知，此处应表示人们需要停下来。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：规则是这样的：48小时内不能打电话。A. components部件，成分；B. applications应用；C. rules规则；D. options选择。根据下文“No phone for 48 hours. No computer or Internet either.”提到48小时内不能打电话，没有电脑，也没有互联网。可知，此处指的是实验的规则。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“哇，真是太痛苦了，”肯尼开玩笑说。A. painful痛苦的；B. enjoyable享受的；C. serious严重的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据上文提到的48小时内不能打电话，没有电脑，也没有互联网。以及下文“Though he was sad…”由此可知，此处应表示肯尼觉得这是一件很痛苦的事情。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他很伤心，有时会想念他的朋友，但他承认“这也有好处。”A. instructed指导；B. hesitated犹豫；C. rejected拒绝；D. admitted承认。根据上文“Though he was sad and missed his friends at times”以及下文“it had benefits”可知，上下文形成转折关系，由此可推知，此处应表示他承认“这也有好处。”故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：他没有发短信，而是去了健身房以及复习功课。A. In spite of尽管，不管；B. Instead of而不是，相反的是；C. But for要不是；D. Along with与……一起。根据下文“he went to the gym and caught up on schoolwork.”由此可知，此处应表示他没有发短信，而是去了健身房以及复习功课。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：加西亚的结果更令人高兴。A. direct直接的；B. depressing令人沮丧的；C. joyful高兴的；D. practical实际的。根据下文“I was hanging out with friends and slept better too.”提到和朋友出去玩，睡得也更好了，由此可知，此处应表示加西亚的结果更令人高兴。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 China is known as the home of tea. Since ancient times, tea has penetrated (渗透) Chinese culture, ____36____ (leave) its aroma in poetry, etiquette and customs. Many tea lovers enjoy tea not just for its flavor, but also for the beauty of tea ceremonies. Picking tea leaves ____37____ (be) an important spring activity in the Yangtze River basin in South China. The earliest batch of tea is often ready to be picked before Qingming, ____38____ usually happens in early April when the temperature begins to rise and rainfall increases. This precious small output of tea, ____39____ (wide) sought after for its outstanding quality, is called Mingqian tea. East China’s Zhejiang province is acknowledged as ____40____ major producer of tea. White Tea in Huzhou city’s Anji county and West Lake Longjing Tea in Hangzhou are two well-known teas in both China and abroad. In spring, local hillsides are filled ____41____ tea workers sowing seeds on their lands. In the peak seasons, a lot of tourists flood into tea farms ____42____ (witness) the beautiful scenery for ____43____ (they) , while enjoying a freshly brewed cup of tea. Thousands of years ago, by the hands of the Chinese people, a leaf was brewed into a delicious drink. It has traveled a long way ____44____ continues to bloom, even today. Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China _____45_____ (include) on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2022. 【答案】36. leaving 37. is 38. which 39. widely 40. a 41. with 42. to witness 43. themselves 44. and 45. were included 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述中国茶的分布和特色。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：自古以来，茶就渗透到中国文化中，把它的香气留在诗歌、礼仪和习俗中。动词leave是主句发生时伴随的自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式，表示主动，作状语。故填leaving。 【37题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：采茶是中国南方长江流域春季的一项重要活动。这句话描述的是现在的事实，主语是动名词短语，谓语用第三人称单数形式，be动词用is。故填is。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：最早的一批茶通常在清明之前就可以采摘了，这通常发生在4月初，气温开始上升，降雨量增加。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：这种珍贵的小产量茶叶，因其卓越的品质而广受欢迎，被称为明前茶。这里需要副词，修饰动词sought。故填widely。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中国东部的浙江省被公认为茶叶的一个主要生产地。空格后面producer是可数名词单数形式，这里表示泛指，用不定冠词限定，空格后的major以辅音音素开始发音，用a。故填a。 【41题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：春天，当地的山坡上挤满了在土地上播种的茶工。这里考查固定短语be filled with，意为“充满……”。故填with。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在旺季，许多游客涌入茶园，一边品尝一杯新鲜烹制的茶，一边亲眼目睹美丽的风景。这里需要用动词不定式，作目的状语。故填to witness。 【43题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：见第7题详解。这里需要反身代词作宾语，意为“他们自己”。短语for oneself，意为“亲自，亲眼”。故填themselves。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：它经历了很远的路程，直到今天仍在继续绽放。空格前后是并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 【45题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：2022年，中国传统茶叶加工工艺及社会实践被列入《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。句子有in 2022作时间状语，谓语用一般过去时，主语Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices和动词include是被动关系，用被动语态结构，be动词用were。故填were included。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Ben得知你校开展了丰富多彩的校本课，请你给他写信介绍你最喜欢的体育校本课 (PE school-based course) 的相关情况，内容如下： 1. 上课的时间和内容；2. 喜欢的原因和收获。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Ben, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Ben, My school has launched a series of school-based courses. I’m writing to share with you my favorite one, PE school-based course. The course, scheduled to be held every Friday afternoon, is very colorful, including all kinds of sports such as basketball, soccer, volleyball, and badminton. It is also the best part of my week, because not only can it enhance my physical fitness, making me fresh and energetic throughout the day, but also help me make like-minded friends while learning. What’s the most important is that I have gained a deeper insight into team spirit. How about your favorite school-based course? Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Ben写信介绍你最喜欢的体育校本课的相关情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 启动：launch→initialize 安排：schedule→arrange 举办：hold→host 各种各样的：all kinds of→various 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The course, scheduled to be held every Friday afternoon, is very colorful, including all kinds of sports such as basketball, soccer, volleyball, and badminton. 拓展句：The course, which is scheduled to be held every Friday afternoon, is very colorful, including all kinds of sports such as basketball, soccer, volleyball, and badminton. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It is also the best part of my week, because not only can it enhance my physical fitness, making me fresh and energetic throughout the day, but also help me make like-minded friends while learning.（由because引导的原因状语从句和not only引导的部分倒装结构） 【高分句型2】What’s the most important is that I have gained a deeper insight into team spirit.（由What引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句） 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Have you ever noticed how certain smells can call up particular emotions or memories? A whiff of perfume(一阵香水味)or after-shave recalls a favorite person; the delicious smell of warm bread tickles the taste buds(味蕾). Think about newly cut grass or how the air smells after a thunderstorm. Burning leaves on fresh and cold fall days always remind me of the football at the weekend. Perhaps the smells that surround Christmas carry the most memories. The fresh green smell of pine trees; the fragrances of a variety of food, especially the ones given off by cookies being baked in an oven and hot chocolate. Moreover, the scent of wood smoke around the burning fire can also bring warmth and the comfortable feeling to our mind. It is amazing how much love and laughter they bring into our lives and even how much closer we become with each other because of them. But the smell I associate best with Christmas and winter is a wet dog. Our dog was mostly an outdoor dog and was often wet completely in the rain. We tried to dry him off as soon as he came in, grabbing the old, dirty towel by the door. He usually shook himself before we could catch him. The walls of the back entry were always spotted with brown mud all winter. We brushed him regularly in spring and summer when winter fur fell out by handfuls, but baths were rare. So, of course, his smell built up over time. Try as we might, we never could completely get rid of that smell. It lay hidden deep in his fur and skin. The distinctive smell of the wet dog was a reminder of the Christmas vacation when I was twelve, and the cousins from Ohio were visiting. We had gotten shiny, slippery flying saucers as gifts and were also blessed with fresh snow. The four of us spent as much time as possible sliding down the short hill to the pond. Naturally, we tested the ice on the pond before sliding the first day, and we knew we could slide across it and lengthen our ride. 注意： 1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右： 2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 On the third day, we were so eager to play that we did not check it. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I stepped down the bank carefully to reach him, but the dog was faster. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】On the third day, we were so eager to play that we did not check it. A few degrees of warmth added a small layer of water to our slide, increasing our speed and excitement. My brother Peter slid happily and rapidly down the hill and on to the pond. Seconds later, he was struggling in the  icy water. Peter was only eight and not a good swimmer, especially wrapped in a heavy winter  coat and boots. It happened all of a sudden and made us all in panic and scream． I stepped down the bank carefully to reach him, but the dog was faster. He jumped into the  water, grabbed Peter by his ailing hand, and pulled him to shore. The cousins and I were able to  finish pulling Peter out of the frigid water. You can guess the rest of the story. We managed to  wrap Peter in our coats and get him back up the hill to the house in record time. Sipping cocoa by  the heater, we patted and hugged that wet dog. The dog took all day to dry out. His wet dog smell  lingered longer and returned often, reminding us of his heroics and our own Christmas miracle. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者十二岁时的圣诞节假期时和表亲们在池塘上滑冰，八岁的彼得不小心掉入池塘中。作者的狗跳进水中，帮助作者一行人救出彼得的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第三天，我们非常渴望比赛，所以没有检查。”可知，第一段可描写作者和表亲们在池塘上滑冰突然发生了意外。 ②由第二段首句内容“我小心翼翼地走下河岸，想找到它，但狗跑得更快。”可知，第二段可描写作者的狗跳进水中，帮助作者一行人救出彼得。 2.续写线索：开心滑冰——意外——惊慌——狗帮忙——救出——珍贵的记忆 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①大叫：scream /shout/cry ②抓住：grab/hold ③抱：hug/gather around 情绪类 ①激动： excitement /thrill ②害怕：panic /fear 【点睛】 [高分句型1]  A few degrees of warmth added a small layer of water to our slide, increasing our speed and excitement. （运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2] His wet dog smell lingered longer and returned often, reminding us of his heroics and our own Christmas miracle. （运用了现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$