精品解析：江苏省南京市六校联合体2024-2025学年高三上学期8月学期调研测试英语试题

江苏省南京市六校联合体2024-2025学年高三上学期8月学期调研测试英语试题 全卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 2024.08 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)(略) 第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。 A Brecon Beacons YAC has an amazing opportunity for budding (崭露头角的)archaeologists (考古学家) of all ages, in Sunderland in Tyne and Wear. Thanks to funding from the Heritage Lottery Fund, professional archaeologists from Wardell Armstrong will be investigating an archaeological mystery and they need your help. Romans? “The site is a bit of a mystery”, Frank Giecco from Wardell Armstrong said. “There is a very nice cropmark recorded on the site that has got lots of people very excited. Geophysicists (地质物理学家) failed to find anything related to the cropmark. There is anecdotal (趣闻的)evidence of Roman material being found, but nothing is officially recorded. We hope to finally answer the question of what is in this field, during the two weeks on site. Is there evidence of any Roman occupation on the site? Can you help us find out? Get involved This is an opportunity for both adults and children to take part in field walking and trial trenching (small hand-dug test pits for children). No experience is necessary, training will be provided by the professional archaeologists from Wardell Armstrong, and all equipment will be provided. Volunteers can attend for as few or as many days as they wish, but they do need to book a place. For more information, and to book your place, please contact Norman Kirtlan at sunderlandforgottenstones@gmail.com. 1. What’s the main purpose of the activity? A. To seek funding for archaeological research. B. To find volunteers to help solve an archaeological mystery. C. To appeal for help in proving findings based on anecdotal evidence. D To organize volunteers to help sort out data on the Roman occupation. 2. Which of the following statement might be true if you take part in the activity? A. You will be coached by experts in the field. B. You should have worked with archaeologists before. C. You should spare two weeks to stay at the site. D. You will be charged for using equipment. 3. Who is the activity probably intended for? A. Romans. B. Experts. C. Officials. D. Families 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文广告。主要介绍了一个考古谜团，并征召志愿者参与考古，以解开该谜团。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thanks to funding from the Heritage Lottery Fund, professional archaeologists from Wardell Armstrong will be investigating an archaeological mystery and they need your help.”（感谢遗产彩票基金的资助，来自沃德尔阿姆斯特朗的专业考古学家将调查一个考古之谜，他们需要你的帮助。）中的they need your help以及对于对参与考古条件的介绍，尤其最后一段中的“Volunteers can attend for as few or as many days as they wish, but they do need to book a place.”（志愿者可以根据自己的意愿选择参加的天数，但他们确实需要预订一个地方。）可推知，这篇文章的目的是寻找志愿者来帮助解开一个考古之谜。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Get involved中“No experience is necessary, training will be provided by the professional archaeologists from Wardell Armstrong, and all equipment will be provided.”（不需要任何经验，沃德尔阿姆斯特朗公司的专业考古学家将提供培训，并提供所有设备。）可知，如果你参加了这个活动，你将得到该领域专家的指导。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Get involved中“This is an opportunity for both adults and children to take part in field walking and trial trenching (small hand-dug test pits for children).”（这是一个大人和孩子都可以参加野外行走和试挖沟(儿童手工挖的小坑)的机会。）中的both adults and children可推知，这项活动可能是为家庭准备的。故选D项。 B Kiska, the last captive (圈养的) killer whale in Canada — also known as “the loneliest whale in the world” — has died, according to local media. The whale, believed to be 47 years old, died on March 9, 2023. Ontario’s Solicitor General Ministry spokesperson Brent Ross confirmed to CBC. Kiska, who spent over four decades in captivity, lived at Marineland, a zoo and amusement park in Niagara Falls, after being captured in Icelandic waters in 1979 alongside Keiko, the star of the movie Free Willy. Marineland said that Kiska’s health had declined in recent weeks. The news comes four years after the country officially banned whales and dolphins from being bred or held in captivity. However, marine mammals like Kiska that were already held in captivity would remain so, according to the new law. Kiska’s death marks the end of captive whales in Canada. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) said Kiska “spent her final years isolated in a tank, swimming in endless circles or sometimes floating listlessly.” Kiska’s life of continued isolation led the Whale Sanctuary Project to describe her as “the loneliest whale in the world.” Both animal rights groups reported that Kiska died of a bacterial infection. Ross told CBC that animal welfare officials had conducted a necropsy (尸检) of the mammal. Kiska underwent several hardships while living at the amusement park, according to PETA. These included the deaths of all five of her children and the departure of her sole tankmate Ikaika in 2011. Videos of Kiska slamming her head against her tank wall multiple times began circulating on social media in 2021. Kiska was one of the last survivors of the Icelandic captures back in the 1970s. She lived the last 12 years of her life completely along, no other whales or in fact any other species were there to keep her company. “It is heartbreaking to know that Kiska will never have the chance to be relocated to a whale reserve and experience the freedom that she so deeply deserved.” Camille Labchuk, executive director of Animal justice, told CBC. There are at least 55 killer whales being held in captivity in marine parks around the world, according to the Whale and Dolphin Conservation. Killer whales are known to be very social mammals and are not suitable for captivity. Chronic stress can weaken the immune system and physiology of captive killer whales, leading to illness and even death. 4. Which of the following statement is true about Kiska? A. She died as the last captive killer whale in the world. B. She was captured in the ocean more than 40 years ago. C. She was a star in a film called Free Willy. D. She should have been set free according to a new law passed in 2019. 5. Why Kiska was referred to as “the loneliest whale in the world”? A. Because Kiska’s death marks the end of captive whales in Canada. B. Because Kiska was kept alone after a bacterial infection. C. Because Kiska lived the last 12 years of her life without company. D. Because all five of Kiska’s children died ahead of her. 6. What does the underlined word listlessly probably means in the text? A. Without enthusiasm. B. Without destination. C. Without breath. D. Without effort. 7. What is the best title of the text? A. It’s time we stop catching killer whales B. The death of a killer whale leads to a new law in Canada C. Kiska, the last survivor of the Icelandic captures, has died D. Kiska, “the loneliest whale in the world”, dies in Canada 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了加拿大最后一只圈养虎鲸Kiska的死亡，并详细描述了它的生活经历、死亡原因以及人们对它的关注和评价。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Kiska, who spent over four decades in captivity, lived at Marineland, a zoo and amusement park in Niagara Falls, after being captured in Icelandic waters in 1979 alongside Keiko, the star of the movie Free Willy(在 1979 年于冰岛水域被捕后，Kiska与电影Free Willy的主角Keiko一起，被关在尼亚加拉大瀑布的海洋陆地公园这一动物园和游乐园，度过了四十多年的囚禁生涯)”可知，Kiska是40多年前在海洋中被捕获的。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) said Kiska “spent her final years isolated in a tank, swimming in endless circles or sometimes floating listlessly.”(善待动物组织(PETA)说，Kiska“最后几年被隔离在一个水箱里，在无尽的圈子里游泳，有时无精打采地漂浮着。”)”以及第五段“Kiska’s life of continued isolation led the Whale Sanctuary Project to describe her as “the loneliest whale in the world.”(Kiska一直与世隔绝的生活使得鲸鱼保护区项目将她描述为“世界上最孤独的鲸鱼”)”和第八段“She lived the last 12 years of her life completely along, no other whales or in fact any other species were there to keep her company.(她在生命的最后12年完全独自度过，没有其他鲸鱼，事实上也没有其他物种陪伴她)”可知，因为Kiska在生命的最后12年里没有陪伴，所以被称为“世界上最孤独的鲸鱼”。故选C项。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据前文“spent her final years isolated in a tank, swimming in endless circles(最后几年被隔离在一个水箱里，在无尽的圈子里游泳)”可知，Kiska在它最后几年被孤独的隔离在一个水箱里，没有任何陪伴，应是无精打采地，推知listlessly为“无精打采地”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Kiska, the last captive (圈养的) killer whale in Canada --- also known as “the loneliest whale in the world” ----has died, according to local media.(据当地媒体报道，加拿大最后一头被圈养的虎鲸Kiska——也被称为“世界上最孤独的鲸鱼”——去世了)”以及通读全文可知，本文主要报道了加拿大最后一只圈养虎鲸Kiska的死亡，所以D项“Kiska, “the loneliest whale in the world”, dies in Canada(“世界上最孤独的鲸鱼”Kiska在加拿大死亡)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。 C Now a company is launching a new robot on personal service machines. Rather than keeping you company at home GITA (pronounced Jee-Tah) helps you go hands-free while you walk down the street, to the grocery store or to visit your neighbors. Like the name, which means “outing” in Italian, the robotic servant is for short trips out and about. Designed by the Piaggio Group, the smart device uses five cameras to see you, follow you around and carry up to 40 pounds of your belongings for four hours. It’s similar to those robotic suitcases that trail behind you at the airport, but with an entirely different outside. Picture a large container but on wheels. That’s what GITA looks like in the flagship orange color. Imagine having a hi-tech that can follow you around with your shopping inside. It’s round and strong yet relatively smart and convenient. The robotic helper is a joy to engage with, sort of like a dog. Operating GITA is simple. You just press one button to turn it on, one button for the cameras to scan your legs, and you’re off. It actually does pretty good job of following you and recognizing when you change directions. Its movement is oddly natural. When you speed up it falls behind a bit before trying to catch up, and when you stop, it stops — usually. GITA operates best on hard surfaces. However, it can’t go upstairs. It can roll on slight inclines (斜坡) and keep up with a walking person at speeds up to 6 miles per hour. A system of sounds and lights will let you know whether it is unpaired or needs a charge. And an app lets you share your robot with your “crew”, so it can follow them, too. With a speaker, your GITA can carry candy and play theme music as you take the kids trick-or-treating. A USA TODAY tech reporter gave GITA a test run in 2019. He said, “GITA certainly made quite an impression on passers-by as it rolled down New York’s busy Madison Avenue.” Yet having tech trail behind you takes some getting used to. You can’t help but look behind you to make sure it’s keeping up, somewhat like monitoring a pet. 8. For what purpose is the new robot designed? A. To instruct you where to go. B. To serve you as you walk around. C. To accompany you at home. D. To protect you when you’re traveling. 9. What does the new robot probably look like? A. It looks like a royal dog. B. It has flags and smart panels. C. It is round, orange and can roll of itself. D. It resembles cameras in appearance. 10. Which of the following is true about GITA? A. It can roll up a sharp slope at a high speed. B. It can only recognize and follow its owner. C. It can adjust its pace automatically. D. It can play tricks for children. 11. What can we learn about GITA from the last paragraph? A. People are heavily dependent on it. B. It is far from being put into use. C. It is easy to get lost and needs to be improved. D. Users have difficulty accustoming themselves to it at first. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款名为GITA的新型机器人，包括其外观、使用方法和特点等信息，它的功能是在用户行走时跟随着并在四小时内携带重达40磅的物品。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Rather than keeping you company at home, GITA (pronounced Jee-Tah) helps you go hands-free while you walk down the street, to the grocery store or to visit your neighbors. (GITA(发音为Jee-Tah)不是在家里陪伴你，而是在你走在街上、去杂货店或拜访你的邻居时，帮助你解放双手。)”可知，这款新型机器人被设计出来的目的是在你走动时为你服务。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Picture a large container but on wheels. That’s what GITA looks like in the flagship orange color. Imagine having a hi-tech that can follow you around with your shopping inside. It’s round and strong yet relatively smart and convenient. (想象一个有轮子的大容器。这就是GITA旗舰橙的样子。想象一下，有一种高科技产品可以在你购物的时候跟着你到处走。它又圆又结实，但相对来说又聪明又方便。)”可知，这款新型机器人可能是圆形的、橙色的，可以自己滚动。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“When you speed up it falls behind a bit before trying to catch up, and when you stop, it stops — usually. (当你加速时，它在试图赶上之前会落后一点，当你停下来时，它也会停下来——通常是这样。)”可知，这款新型机器人GITA可以自动调整速度，跟随使用者的步伐。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Yet having tech trail behind you takes some getting used to. You can’t help but look behind you to make sure it’s keeping up, somewhat like monitoring a pet. (然而，你需要一些时间来适应身后的技术跟踪。你忍不住回头看看，以确保它跟上你的步伐，有点像监视宠物。)”可推知，用户一开始很难习惯身后跟着这款新型机器人GITA。故选D项。 D Salad plants have already been grown in old shelters and tunnels. Urban farming is a regular topic of interest at places like the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, where leaders consider whether the world’s food system, blamed for causing both obesity and malnutrition, can be fixed. There are already plenty of urban farming projects around the world, particularly in the US, Japan and the Netherlands, from urban fish and plant farms to vertical farming. “It’s becoming an expanding industry,” said Richard Ballard, one of the founders of the farm Growing Underground. “There are several other businesses starting up in London in containers, and there are other vertical farms around the country now.” Growing Underground is not a standard farm. The rows of crops could be in almost any tunnel, but these plants are 100 feet below Clapham High Street and show that urban agriculture is, in some cases at least, not a fad. The underground farm has occupied a part of the Second World War air-raid shelters for nearly five years, and Ballard is planning to expand into the rest of the space later this year. Growing Underground supplies herb and salad mixes to grocery shops, supermarkets and restaurants. Being in London creates an advantage, Ballard says, as they can harvest and deliver in an hour. He adds other advantages. Being underground means temperatures never go below 15 ----surface greenhouses need to be heated. They can do more harvests: 60 crops a year, compared with about seven in a traditional farm. Electricity to power the lights is a major cost, but the company believes renewable energy will become cheaper. Similar British companies include the Jones Food Company in Lincolnshire, while in the US AeroFarms has several projects in New Jersey, and Edenworks in Brooklyn. 12. What can we learn about urban farming? A. Different farming methods are used. B. Local governments pay efforts to develop it. C. It leads to a healthier lifestyle. D. It is rarely discussed at the WEF. 13. Which of the following best explains “a fad” underlined in Paragraph 3? A. A plan that has great potential. B. A tradition that appeals to a lot of people. C. An approach that can solve a serious problem. D. A fashion that’s popular for a short time. 14. Which of the following is true about the underground farm? A. Its major products are herbs and salads. B. It produces more kinds of foods than a traditional farm. C. It is more productive than a traditional farm. D. It uses less energy than a greenhouse. 15. What is the theme of the text? A. Traditional farming will be replaced soon. B. Growing Underground attracts more people. C. Current food system causes health problems. D. Urban farming is still thought costly and time-consuming. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如今城市农业的发展情况，其中“地下种植”农场的创始人表示这正在成为一个不断扩张的行业。此外，文章还介绍了“地下种植”农场的一些特点和优势。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“There are already plenty of urban farming projects around the world, particularly in the US, Japan and the Netherlands, from urban fish and plant farms to vertical farming.(世界各地已经有大量的城市农业项目，特别是在美国、日本和荷兰，从城市鱼类和植物农场到垂直农业)”可知，在城市农业中采用了不同的方法。故选A项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“The underground farm has occupied a part of the Second World War air-raid shelters for nearly five years, and Ballard is planning to expand into the rest of the space later this year.(这个“地下农场”在二战期间曾作为防空洞使用近5年，巴拉德计划在今年晚些时候将其扩展到其他地方)”可知，在克拉彭高街开展农业有历史由来，说明不是一种短时间内流行的时尚。画线词与D选项“一种短时间内流行的时尚”意思最接近。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“They can do more harvests: 60 crops a year, compared with about seven in a traditional farm.(他们可以收获更多的作物：一年60次，而传统农场一年只有7次)”可知，地下农场比传统的农场更多产。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段““It’s becoming an expanding industry,” said Richard Ballard, one of the founders of the farm Growing Underground. “There are several other businesses starting up in London in containers, and there are other vertical farms around the country now.”(“地下种植”农场的创始人之一Richard Ballard说：“这正在成为一个不断扩张的行业。”“伦敦还有其他几家集装箱企业正在起步，现在全国各地也有其他垂直农场。”)”结合文章主要介绍了如今城市农业的发展情况，其中“地下种植”农场的创始人表示这正在成为一个不断扩张的行业。文章还介绍了“地下种植”农场的一些特点和优势。可知，本文的主题是地下种植吸引了更多的人。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 While technology addicts teens to their devices, they are not helpless against the draw of it. Here are five ways educators can support their students’ digital well-being. Explore design tricks companies use. The technology we use daily is designed to catch and hold our attention. Companies know what keeps our eyes on the screen. To help, teachers can unpack design tricks and explain how companies employ features like auto-play to get users to stay on their apps. ____16____ Talk about how technology can increase feelings of anxiety. The decline in youth mental health is associated with an increase in social media use. ____17____ We can help our students by allowing them to consider the benefits of technology and then to think about changing the habits that aren’t serving their well-being. ____18____ Social media can bring the feeling: “All my friends have better lives than me.” Plus, design features like “read receipts” can lead to teens knowing their messages have been seen and stressing about why friends haven’t yet replied. These are classic examples of thinking traps. Identifying them can help teens get rid of some negative thoughts. Uncover the ways that AI can play a role in misinformation. AI is rapidly transforming the world. Recommendation algorithms (算法) which determine what we do and do not see on our feeds and in our search results, can have very real consequences. ____19____ By understanding how these technologies work, students can start to enjoy more benefits of technology. Encourage families to have meaningful conversations with their child. Take the time to share with families the topics and resources you’re teaching in class. ____20____ Knowing we’re all in the same boat is crucial. A. Social media is ruining our life. B. Connect them with their inner world. C. Build their awareness of thinking traps. D. This by no means indicates all technology is bad. E. They can pull us toward increasingly extreme views. F. It turns out adults and kids all pursue digital well-being. G. Knowing these can motivate students to get back their attention. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了教育者可以采取的五种方法来支持学生的数字健康，分别是探索公司使用的设计技巧，谈论技术如何增加焦虑感，辨认思维陷阱，揭示人工智能在误传方面的作用，鼓励家庭与孩子进行有意义的对话。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Companies know what keeps our eyes on the screen. To help, teachers can unpack design tricks and explain how companies employ features like auto-play to get users to stay on their apps. (公司知道什么可以让我们的眼睛停留在屏幕上。为了帮助学生，教育者可以揭示设计技巧，解释公司如何利用自动播放等功能来让用户留在他们的应用程序上)”可知，此处强调教师可以为孩子们揭示公司如何利用自动播放等功能来让用户留在他们的应用程序上，后文应对这种做法的结果进行描述。G选项“Knowing these can motivate students to get back their attention.(了解这些可以激励学生重新获得他们的注意力)”，通过帮助学生们揭示公司吸引学生的设计技巧，解释公司如何利用自动播放等功能来让用户留在他们的应用程序，这些行为可以激励学生重新获得他们的注意力。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据前文“The decline in youth mental health is associated with an increase in social media use.(青少年心理健康状况的下降与社交媒体使用的增加有关)”以及后文“We can help our students by allowing them to consider the benefits of technology and then to think about changing the habits that aren’t serving their well-being.(我们可以帮助我们的学生，让他们考虑科技的好处，然后考虑改变那些不利于他们健康的习惯)”可知，虽然青少年心理健康状况的下降与社交媒体使用的增加有关，可知并不是所有的科技都是坏的，我们可以帮助学生们考虑科技的好处，同时改变科技带来的不健康的习惯。D选项“This by no means indicates all technology is bad. (这绝不意味着所有的技术都是不好的)”符合语境，故选D。 【18题详解】 根据后文的“These are classic examples of thinking traps. Identifying them can help teens get rid of some negative thoughts.(这些都是思维陷阱的经典例子。识别它们可以帮助青少年摆脱一些消极的想法)”可知，本段通过经典例子，说明了思维陷阱对青少年产生的影响。C选项“Build their awareness of thinking traps.(建立他们对思维陷阱的意识)”概括本段段旨，指出帮助青少年建立对思维陷阱的意识，符合语境。故选C。 【19题详解】 根据前文“Recommendation algorithms (算法), which determine what we do and do not see on our feeds and in our search results, can have very real consequences. (人工智能正在迅速改变世界。推荐算法决定了我们在信息流和搜索结果中可以看到什么，不能看到什么，它可能会产生非常现实的后果)”可知，此处强调大数据的推荐算法会产生一些非现实的后果，后文对此行为带来的消极影响进行进一步说明。E选项“They can pull us toward increasingly extreme views.(它们会把我们拉向越来越极端的观点)”承接前文，指出推荐算法会把我们拉向越来越极端的观点，符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据前文“Encourage families to have meaningful conversations with their child. Take the time to share with families the topics and resources you’re teaching in class. (鼓励家长与孩子进行有意义的对话。花点时间和家人分享你在课堂上教授的话题和资源)”可知，此处鼓励家长和孩子之间进行有意义的交流，沟通和分享。F选项“It turns out adults and kids all pursue digital well-being.(事实证明，成年人和孩子都追求数字幸福。)”承接前文，并引出下文“Knowing we’re all in the same boat is crucial.(知道我们都在同一条船上是至关重要的。)”，符合语境。故选F。 第三部分：语言应用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. We had not ____21____ for it in advance, so we were just forced to go into our ____22____ actions. I happened not to be in the classroom when it attacked. Hearing the alarm screaming, I rushed ____23____ as fast as I could back to the classroom. Never did I imagine that we would put our regular ____24____ to use. Never did I imagine that my students had ____25____ against the wall and crouched (蹲) down on their knees. Their eyes were obviously filled with ____26____ as they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay. I, along with other teachers, tried our best to ____27____ them, though we actually didn’t know what the ____28____ would be. I couldn’t ____29____ the tornado anymore. However, I’m very proud of my students who performed so well. In such a(an) ____30____ and dangerous situation, they behaved beyond their ages. Never in my life had I seen them ____31____ instructions so quickly, without any hesitation. Though some tears were dropping and some hearts were beating fast, the kids were incredibly ____32____. I am extremely proud that they struggled to calm down because of theirs ____33____ in me. Because of the tornado, I realized that my job as a teacher meant a lot. Behind every well-behaved students are a long line of teachers who have made it their life’s ____34____ to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust. Though the tornado has presented ____35____, I’m sure we can handle them one by one. 21 A. waited B. anticipated C. considered D. prepared 22. A. agency B. emergency C. urgency D. efficiency 23. A. quickly B. finally C. secretly D. immediately 24. A. games B. trainings C. activities D. savings 25. A. mixed up B. messed up C. lined up D. risen up 26. A. anger B. fear C. curiosity D. shock 27. A. encounter B. praise C. satisfy D. comfort 28. A. problem B. result C. case D. status 29. A. hate B. expect C. meet D. approach 30. A. simple B. ideal C. scary D. strange 31. A. follow B. provide C. repeat D. guide 32. A. confident B. honest C. brave D. fortunate 33. A. trust B. pride C. interest D. expectation 34. A. reward B. power C. wisdom D. goal 35. A. chances B. challenges C. adventures D. discussions 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位教师在一次突如其来的龙卷风中，见证了学生们的勇敢和冷静，并对自己的教育工作有了更深的认识。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们没有提前做好准备，所以我们只是被迫采取紧急行动。A. waited等待；B. anticipated预料；C. considered考虑；D. prepared准备。根据前文“Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before.”可知，龙卷风毫无征兆地袭击了城市，所以作者没有提前做好准备。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们没有提前做好准备，所以我们只是被迫采取紧急行动。A. agency代理；B. emergency紧急情况；C. urgency紧急；D. efficiency效率。根据前文“We had not 　　1　for it in advance”可知，龙卷风来时，作者没有做准备，所以只能采取应急行动，指在突发事件或紧急情况下采取的快速、有效的措施。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：听到警报声，我立即以最快的速度赶回教室。A. quickly快速地；B. finally最终；C. secretly秘密地；D. immediately立即。根据上文“Hearing the alarm screaming”可推理出作者立即赶回教室，故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有想过我们会利用我们的常规训练。A. games游戏；B. trainings训练；C. activities活动；D. savings拯救。根据下文“against the wall and crouched down on their knees.”可知，此处说的是常规训练，故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我从来没有想象过我的学生们靠墙排成一排，跪在地上。A. mixed up混淆；B. messed up搞乱；C. lined up排成一行；D. risen up起义。根据下文“against the wall and crouched down on their knees.”可知作者和学生们在灾难来临的时候，用上了他们平时的常规训练内容，分析选项，C项“lined up排成一行”表示的含义符合语境，故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们问他们的父母、宠物和朋友是否会没事时，他们的眼睛里显然充满了恐惧。A. anger愤怒；B. fear恐惧；C. curiosity好奇；D. shock震惊。根据下文“they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay”可推理出，他们很害怕，故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和其他老师一起，尽力安慰他们，尽管我们实际上不知道结果会是什么。A. encounter遇到；B. praise赞扬；C. satisfy满足；D. comfort安慰。根据上文“they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay”可知，孩子们问他们的父母、宠物和朋友是否会没事，可推理出老师们尽力安慰他们，故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和其他老师一起，尽力安慰他们，尽管我们实际上不知道结果会是什么。A. problem问题；B. result结果；C. case案例；D. status状态。根据上文“I, along with other teachers, tried our best to 　　　　7　them”可知，在龙卷风到来的时候，作者尽力安慰孩子们。再根据下文“we actually didn’t know”可知，尽管老师们安慰孩子们，事实上他们也不知道事情的结果会是什么，故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不再讨厌龙卷风了。A. hate讨厌；B. expect期待；C. meet遇见；D. approach接近。根据下文“I’m very proud of my students who performed so well.”可知，在龙卷风到来的时候，孩子们表现很好，让作者感到自豪，可推理出作者因此不再讨厌龙卷风了，故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在如此可怕和危险的情况下，他们的行为超出了他们的年龄。A. simple简单的；B. ideal理想的；C. scary可怕的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before.”以及下文“dangerous situation”可推理出空白处应填表示“吓人的”含义的形容词，故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一生中从未见过他们如此迅速、毫不犹豫地听从指示。A. follow跟随；B. provide提供；C. repeat重复；D. guide指导。根据下文“instructions so quickly, without any hesitation.”可推理出，空白处应填表示“听从”含义的动词，故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管有些人泪流满面，有些人心跳加速，但孩子们都非常勇敢。A. confident自信的；B. honest诚实的；C. brave勇敢的；D. fortunate幸运的。根据上文“Never in my life had I seen them 　　　　11　instructions so quickly, without any hesitation.”可推理出作者认为孩子们很勇敢，故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常自豪，因为他们信任我，所以努力平静下来。A. trust信任；B. pride骄傲；C. interest兴趣；D. expectation期待。根据上文“they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay.”以及“I’m very proud of my students who performed so well.”可知孩子们向老师求助，且听从老师的指令，可推理出孩子们信任老师，故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每一个表现良好的学生背后，都有许多的老师，他们把用安全、勇气、冷静和信任来教育学生作为自己的人生目标。A. reward奖励；B. power力量；C. wisdom智慧；D. goal目标。根据下文“educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust.”可知，此处指的是老师们的教育目标，故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管龙卷风带来了挑战，但我相信我们能够逐一应对。A. chances机会；B. challenges挑战；C. adventures冒险；D. discussions讨论。根据下文“I’m sure we can handle them one by one.”可推理出此处说的是作者和学生们逐一应对龙卷风带来的挑战，故选B项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A self-driving taxi _____36_____(operate) by Chinese tech heavyweight Baidu Inc recently hit a pedestrian crossing against a traffic light in Wuhan, _____37_____(cause) heated discussions on the challenges and limitations facing autonomous driving technology, especially in complex situations. Meanwhile, the _____38_____ (commerce) application of robotaxis in more cities across the country has raised concerns about employment. Taxi drivers strongly oppose it _____39_____ they are worried about the intensifying competition, thus losing their jobs. Currently, Wuhan _____40_____ (step) up efforts to promote the development of intelligent connected vehicles and the application of driverless driving technology. Zhang Xiang, _____41_____ auto sector researcher at North China University of Technology, said that the incident in Wuhan indicates that self-driving technology has advanced significantly over the past few years, _____42_____ it still encounters difficulties under complicated road condition’s and has some limitations when dealing with unconventional behavior, such as motorists or pedestrians violating traffic rules. Zhang added that ensuring the safety and stability of robotaxis remains a top _____43_____ (prior), and more efforts _____44_____ (require) to enhance self-driving testing and application. So far, more than 20 cities nationwide have introduced policies supporting autonomous driving tests, ______45______ more than 60 enterprises having obtained self-driving test licenses. 【答案】36. operated 37. causing 38. commercial 39. because##for##as##since 40. is stepping 41. an 42. but 43. priority 44. are required 45. with 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国科技巨头百度公司运营的一辆自动驾驶出租车在武汉闯红灯时撞上了人行横道，引发了关于自动驾驶技术面临的挑战和局限性的热烈讨论。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，由中国科技巨头百度公司运营的一辆自动驾驶出租车在武汉闯红灯时撞上了人行横道，引发了关于自动驾驶技术面临的挑战和局限性的热烈讨论，尤其是在复杂的情况下。该句谓语动词为hit，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰self-driving taxi，self-driving taxi和operate为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填operated。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，由中国科技巨头百度公司运营的一辆自动驾驶出租车在武汉撞到了人行横道上的红绿灯，引发了关于自动驾驶技术面临的挑战和局限性的热烈讨论，尤其是在复杂的情况下。该句谓语动词为hit，此处为非谓语动词作状语，cause和逻辑主语即前面整句话为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填causing。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：与此同时，机器人出租车在全国更多城市的商业应用引发了对就业的担忧。由空后application为名词可知，此处为形容词commercial“商业的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填commercial。 【39题详解】 考查原因状语从句。句意：出租车司机强烈反对，因为他们担心竞争加剧，从而失去工作。分析句子可知，此处为连词连接前后两个句子，结合句意可知，应为连词because/for/as/since表示“因为”引导的原因状语从句，满足句意要求。故填because/for/as/since。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：目前，武汉正在加紧推进智能网联汽车的发展和无人驾驶技术的应用。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据该句时间状语Currently可知，此处为表示正在发生的事情，为现在进行时。故填is stepping。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：华北工业大学汽车行业研究员张翔表示，武汉的事件表明，自动驾驶技术在过去几年中取得了显著进步，但在复杂的道路条件下仍然遇到困难，并且在处理非常规行为时存在一些局限性，例如司机或行人违反交通规则。根据句意以及空后auto sector researcher为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一位汽车行业研究员”为泛指概念，结合auto为首音节元音单词，所以为不定冠词an的填入。故填an。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：华北工业大学汽车行业研究员张翔表示，武汉的事件表明，自动驾驶技术在过去几年中取得了显著进步，但在复杂的道路条件下仍然遇到困难，并且在处理非常规行为时存在一些局限性，例如司机或行人违反交通规则。根据上下句句意可知，此处为连词but “但是”表示转折，连接上下句，满足句意逻辑。故填but。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：张补充说，确保自动驾驶出租车的安全性和稳定性仍然是首要任务，需要更多的努力来加强自动驾驶测试和应用。由空前top为形容词可知，此处为名词形式，结合空前不定冠词a可知，此处为单数名词形式。故填priority。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：张补充说，确保自动驾驶出租车的安全性和稳定性仍然是首要任务，需要更多的努力来加强自动驾驶测试和应用。此处为谓语动词的填入，主语more efforts为复数名词和动词require为被动关系，应用被动语态，结合语境可知，此处为一般现在时。故填are required。 【45题详解】 考查with复合结构。句意：到目前为止，全国已有20多个城市出台了支持自动驾驶测试的政策，60多家企业获得了自动驾驶测试许可证。分析句子可知，空后句子没有谓语动词，不是独立句子，此处应为with的复合结构作伴随状语。故填with。 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Tom告诉你，他对我国的中秋节特别感兴趣，特写信向你咨询相关习俗，请你回复邮件介绍该节日。内容包括： 1. 时间 (农历8月15日)； 2. 习俗活动； 3. 意义。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答； 3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, Knowing that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals —— the Mid-Autumn Festival, I want to introduce it to you. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month, which usually comes in September or October. On that day, family members usually get together and have a big meal. After that, we always admire the moon and share mooncakes with family members. More importantly, the reunion of family can make us feel love, peace and gratitude. I hope that my email will help you learn about this Chinese traditional festival. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友 Tom回复邮件，介绍中秋节。 【详解】1.词汇积累 对……感兴趣：be interested in→be keen to 欣赏：admire→appreciate 更重要的是：More importantly→What’s more 感激：gratitude→appreciation 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： Knowing that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals —— the Mid-Autumn Festival, I want to introduce it to you. 复合句：Because I know you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals —— the Mid-Autumn Festival, I want to introduce it to you. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month, which usually comes in September or October.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I hope that my email will help you learn about this Chinese traditional festival.（运用了that引导的宾语从句。） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The True Meaning of Love “You don’t want that one,” the shelter volunteer said. “He’s broken. He’d been abandoned.” “Broken? Abandoned?” I asked. Had I heard her correctly? I looked down at the black cat sitting on my foot. The minute I’d walked into the animal shelter’s cat room, he’d been one step behind me, my shadow. I wasn’t an expert, but this cat seemed friendly. The volunteer explained, “He doesn’t like anyone—not other cats, not dogs, not people.” “I want to adopt him.” I said. “Really?” she asked. There were several other lovely cats up for adoption, cats that would be easier for a first-time owner. “Why?” “Because he needs a home,” I said. Then under my breath, “And because I’m broken too.” It was 2017. I’d been in therapy（心理治疗）for a while, but it was only recently that my therapist suggested I get an animal companion—preferably something low-maintenance, like a cat. It would be good for me. Maybe it can even help me form connections with people. I didn’t know if I believed that. But I went to my local shelter. I don’t know what it was about that little black cat but I immediately felt a connection with him. Two abandoned peas in a pod, I guess. I filled out the paperwork and left with him that afternoon. At home I let him out of the carrier so he could explore. I watched as this little cat smelled every inch of the house. Eventually, his curiosity was satisfied, and he settled in my lap. I reached out a hesitant hand to pet him, saying, “You need my help, and I need yours.” It took me a week to come up with a name for him. I finally settled on Mr. Bojangles, after the song about a homeless man who, even after getting into big trouble, remained happy and positive. I thought the name fitted this cat. Later I called him Bo for short. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 By the time a year passed, we’d settled into a routine. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Amazingly, we both began new connections with the outer world. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】By the time a year passed, we’d settled into a routine. When I woke up in the morning, Bo would demand that I hold him, so he could rub his face against mine. When I got home in the evenings, Bo would meow until I picked him up. He formed a habit of staying with me the whole night, accompanying me gently. Seeing him beside me, I felt my heart was so full. I was finally able to say: “I love you, Bo.” We made it a rule to take a walk together in the park every morning, which usually made me in a good mood. Amazingly, we both began new connections with the outer world. Accidentally, Bo made friends with other pets while taking the usual walk, thus making me have daily contact with other pet-lovers. Gradually, I made many friends. I even went climbing with them, attending a get-together party. In time, I talked with new friends and, eventually, a partner who understood my inner world. One who I was able to tell “I love you,” because of a little black cat who showed me the meaning of those words. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个主人在动物收容所中遇到一只被认为有问题、被遗弃的黑猫。尽管志愿者对这只猫有所警告，但主人仍然选择了收养它。主人分享了自己也感到心灵受伤，而这只猫也需要一个家的原因。接下来，文章描述了主人和这只猫的相处过程，以及它们之间建立的特殊联系和互相帮助。最后，主人给这只猫取名为Mr. Bojangles，寓意着即使在困境中也能保持快乐和积极的态度，文章展示了爱的真正含义，无论是对人类还是对动物。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“一年过去了，我们已经适应了一种日常生活。”可知，第一段可描写作者和猫的日常生活。 ②由第二段首句内容“令人惊讶的是，我们都开始与外界建立新的联系”可知，第二段可描写作者发现猫交了新朋友，自己也有了新朋友。 2.续写线索：日常——早上——晚上——习惯——好心情——新联系——交朋友——攀岩——爱 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①要求：demand/request/command ②喵：meow/mew/purr/yowl ③陪伴：accompany/escort/follow 情绪类 ①好心情：good mood/positive mood/cheerful mood/happy mood ②爱：love/adore/cherish 【点睛】[高分句型1]. When I woke up in the morning, Bo would demand that I hold him, so he could rub his face against mine. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句，that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2]. Seeing him beside me, I felt my heart was so full. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 江苏省南京市六校联合体2024-2025学年高三上学期8月学期调研测试英语试题 全卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 2024.08 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)(略) 第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。 A Brecon Beacons YAC has an amazing opportunity for budding (崭露头角的)archaeologists (考古学家) of all ages, in Sunderland in Tyne and Wear. Thanks to funding from the Heritage Lottery Fund, professional archaeologists from Wardell Armstrong will be investigating an archaeological mystery and they need your help. Romans? “The site is a bit of a mystery”, Frank Giecco from Wardell Armstrong said. “There is a very nice cropmark recorded on the site that has got lots of people very excited. Geophysicists (地质物理学家) failed to find anything related to the cropmark. There is anecdotal (趣闻的)evidence of Roman material being found, but nothing is officially recorded. We hope to finally answer the question of what is in this field, during the two weeks on site. Is there evidence of any Roman occupation on the site? Can you help us find out? Get involved This is an opportunity for both adults and children to take part in field walking and trial trenching (small hand-dug test pits for children). No experience is necessary, training will be provided by the professional archaeologists from Wardell Armstrong, and all equipment will be provided. Volunteers can attend for as few or as many days as they wish, but they do need to book a place. For more information, and to book your place, please contact Norman Kirtlan at sunderlandforgottenstones@gmail.com. 1. What’s the main purpose of the activity? A. To seek funding for archaeological research. B. To find volunteers to help solve an archaeological mystery. C. To appeal for help in proving findings based on anecdotal evidence. D. To organize volunteers to help sort out data on the Roman occupation. 2. Which of the following statement might be true if you take part in the activity? A. You will be coached by experts in the field. B. You should have worked with archaeologists before. C. You should spare two weeks to stay at the site. D. You will be charged for using equipment. 3. Who is the activity probably intended for? A. Romans. B. Experts. C. Officials. D. Families B Kiska, the last captive (圈养的) killer whale in Canada — also known as “the loneliest whale in the world” — has died, according to local media. The whale, believed to be 47 years old, died on March 9, 2023. Ontario’s Solicitor General Ministry spokesperson Brent Ross confirmed to CBC. Kiska, who spent over four decades in captivity, lived at Marineland, a zoo and amusement park in Niagara Falls, after being captured in Icelandic waters in 1979 alongside Keiko, the star of the movie Free Willy. Marineland said that Kiska’s health had declined in recent weeks. The news comes four years after the country officially banned whales and dolphins from being bred or held in captivity. However, marine mammals like Kiska that were already held in captivity would remain so, according to the new law. Kiska’s death marks the end of captive whales in Canada. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) said Kiska “spent her final years isolated in a tank, swimming in endless circles or sometimes floating listlessly.” Kiska’s life of continued isolation led the Whale Sanctuary Project to describe her as “the loneliest whale in the world.” Both animal rights groups reported that Kiska died of a bacterial infection. Ross told CBC that animal welfare officials had conducted a necropsy (尸检) of the mammal. Kiska underwent several hardships while living at the amusement park, according to PETA. These included the deaths of all five of her children and the departure of her sole tankmate Ikaika in 2011. Videos of Kiska slamming her head against her tank wall multiple times began circulating on social media in 2021. Kiska was one of the last survivors of the Icelandic captures back in the 1970s. She lived the last 12 years of her life completely along, no other whales or in fact any other species were there to keep her company. “It is heartbreaking to know that Kiska will never have the chance to be relocated to a whale reserve and experience the freedom that she so deeply deserved.” Camille Labchuk, executive director of Animal justice, told CBC. There are at least 55 killer whales being held in captivity in marine parks around the world, according to the Whale and Dolphin Conservation. Killer whales are known to be very social mammals and are not suitable for captivity. Chronic stress can weaken the immune system and physiology of captive killer whales, leading to illness and even death. 4. Which of the following statement is true about Kiska? A. She died as the last captive killer whale in the world. B. She was captured in the ocean more than 40 years ago. C. She was a star in a film called Free Willy. D. She should have been set free according to a new law passed in 2019. 5. Why Kiska was referred to as “the loneliest whale in the world”? A. Because Kiska’s death marks the end of captive whales in Canada. B. Because Kiska was kept alone after a bacterial infection. C. Because Kiska lived the last 12 years of her life without company. D. Because all five of Kiska’s children died ahead of her. 6. What does the underlined word listlessly probably means in the text? A. Without enthusiasm. B. Without destination. C. Without breath. D. Without effort. 7. What is the best title of the text? A. It’s time we stop catching killer whales B. The death of a killer whale leads to a new law in Canada C. Kiska, the last survivor of the Icelandic captures, has died D. Kiska, “the loneliest whale in the world”, dies in Canada C Now a company is launching a new robot on personal service machines. Rather than keeping you company at home, GITA (pronounced Jee-Tah) helps you go hands-free while you walk down the street, to the grocery store or to visit your neighbors. Like the name, which means “outing” in Italian, the robotic servant is for short trips out and about. Designed by the Piaggio Group, the smart device uses five cameras to see you, follow you around and carry up to 40 pounds of your belongings for four hours. It’s similar to those robotic suitcases that trail behind you at the airport, but with an entirely different outside. Picture a large container but on wheels. That’s what GITA looks like in the flagship orange color. Imagine having a hi-tech that can follow you around with your shopping inside. It’s round and strong yet relatively smart and convenient. The robotic helper is a joy to engage with, sort of like a dog. Operating GITA is simple. You just press one button to turn it on, one button for the cameras to scan your legs, and you’re off. It actually does pretty good job of following you and recognizing when you change directions. Its movement is oddly natural. When you speed up it falls behind a bit before trying to catch up, and when you stop, it stops — usually. GITA operates best on hard surfaces. However, it can’t go upstairs. It can roll on slight inclines (斜坡) and keep up with a walking person at speeds up to 6 miles per hour. A system of sounds and lights will let you know whether it is unpaired or needs a charge. And an app lets you share your robot with your “crew”, so it can follow them, too. With a speaker, your GITA can carry candy and play theme music as you take the kids trick-or-treating. A USA TODAY tech reporter gave GITA a test run in 2019. He said, “GITA certainly made quite an impression on passers-by as it rolled down New York’s busy Madison Avenue.” Yet having tech trail behind you takes some getting used to. You can’t help but look behind you to make sure it’s keeping up, somewhat like monitoring a pet. 8. For what purpose is the new robot designed? A. To instruct you where to go. B. To serve you as you walk around. C. To accompany you at home. D. To protect you when you’re traveling. 9. What does the new robot probably look like? A It looks like a royal dog. B. It has flags and smart panels. C. It is round, orange and can roll of itself. D. It resembles cameras in appearance. 10. Which of the following is true about GITA? A. It can roll up a sharp slope at a high speed. B. It can only recognize and follow its owner. C. It can adjust its pace automatically. D. It can play tricks for children. 11. What can we learn about GITA from the last paragraph? A. People are heavily dependent on it. B. It is far from being put into use. C. It is easy to get lost and needs to be improved. D. Users have difficulty accustoming themselves to it at first. D Salad plants have already been grown in old shelters and tunnels. Urban farming is a regular topic of interest at places like the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, where leaders consider whether the world’s food system, blamed for causing both obesity and malnutrition, can be fixed. There are already plenty of urban farming projects around the world, particularly in the US, Japan and the Netherlands, from urban fish and plant farms to vertical farming. “It’s becoming an expanding industry,” said Richard Ballard, one of the founders of the farm Growing Underground. “There are several other businesses starting up in London in containers, and there are other vertical farms around the country now.” Growing Underground is not a standard farm. The rows of crops could be in almost any tunnel, but these plants are 100 feet below Clapham High Street and show that urban agriculture is, in some cases at least, not a fad. The underground farm has occupied a part of the Second World War air-raid shelters for nearly five years, and Ballard is planning to expand into the rest of the space later this year. Growing Underground supplies herb and salad mixes to grocery shops, supermarkets and restaurants. Being in London creates an advantage, Ballard says, as they can harvest and deliver in an hour. He adds other advantages. Being underground means temperatures never go below 15 ----surface greenhouses need to be heated. They can do more harvests: 60 crops a year, compared with about seven in a traditional farm. Electricity to power the lights is a major cost, but the company believes renewable energy will become cheaper. Similar British companies include the Jones Food Company in Lincolnshire, while in the US AeroFarms has several projects in New Jersey, and Edenworks in Brooklyn. 12. What can we learn about urban farming? A. Different farming methods are used. B. Local governments pay efforts to develop it. C. It leads to a healthier lifestyle. D. It is rarely discussed at the WEF. 13. Which of the following best explains “a fad” underlined in Paragraph 3? A. A plan that has great potential. B. A tradition that appeals to a lot of people. C An approach that can solve a serious problem. D. A fashion that’s popular for a short time. 14. Which of the following is true about the underground farm? A. Its major products are herbs and salads. B. It produces more kinds of foods than a traditional farm. C. It is more productive than a traditional farm. D. It uses less energy than a greenhouse. 15. What is the theme of the text? A. Traditional farming will be replaced soon. B. Growing Underground attracts more people. C. Current food system causes health problems. D. Urban farming is still thought costly and time-consuming. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 While technology addicts teens to their devices, they are not helpless against the draw of it. Here are five ways educators can support their students’ digital well-being. Explore design tricks companies use. The technology we use daily is designed to catch and hold our attention. Companies know what keeps our eyes on the screen. To help, teachers can unpack design tricks and explain how companies employ features like auto-play to get users to stay on their apps. ____16____ Talk about how technology can increase feelings of anxiety. The decline in youth mental health is associated with an increase in social media use. ____17____ We can help our students by allowing them to consider the benefits of technology and then to think about changing the habits that aren’t serving their well-being. ____18____ Social media can bring the feeling: “All my friends have better lives than me.” Plus, design features like “read receipts” can lead to teens knowing their messages have been seen and stressing about why friends haven’t yet replied. These are classic examples of thinking traps. Identifying them can help teens get rid of some negative thoughts. Uncover the ways that AI can play a role in misinformation. AI is rapidly transforming the world. Recommendation algorithms (算法), which determine what we do and do not see on our feeds and in our search results, can have very real consequences. ____19____ By understanding how these technologies work, students can start to enjoy more benefits of technology. Encourage families to have meaningful conversations with their child. Take the time to share with families the topics and resources you’re teaching in class. ____20____ Knowing we’re all in the same boat is crucial. A. Social media is ruining our life. B. Connect them with their inner world. C. Build their awareness of thinking traps. D. This by no means indicates all technology is bad. E. They can pull us toward increasingly extreme views. F It turns out adults and kids all pursue digital well-being. G. Knowing these can motivate students to get back their attention. 第三部分：语言应用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. We had not ____21____ for it in advance, so we were just forced to go into our ____22____ actions. I happened not to be in the classroom when it attacked. Hearing the alarm screaming, I rushed ____23____ as fast as I could back to the classroom. Never did I imagine that we would put our regular ____24____ to use. Never did I imagine that my students had ____25____ against the wall and crouched (蹲) down on their knees. Their eyes were obviously filled with ____26____ as they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay. I, along with other teachers, tried our best to ____27____ them, though we actually didn’t know what the ____28____ would be. I couldn’t ____29____ the tornado anymore. However, I’m very proud of my students who performed so well. In such a(an) ____30____ and dangerous situation, they behaved beyond their ages. Never in my life had I seen them ____31____ instructions so quickly, without any hesitation. Though some tears were dropping and some hearts were beating fast, the kids were incredibly ____32____. I am extremely proud that they struggled to calm down because of theirs ____33____ in me. Because of the tornado, I realized that my job as a teacher meant a lot. Behind every well-behaved students are a long line of teachers who have made it their life’s ____34____ to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust. Though the tornado has presented ____35____, I’m sure we can handle them one by one. 21. A. waited B. anticipated C. considered D. prepared 22. A. agency B. emergency C. urgency D. efficiency 23. A. quickly B. finally C. secretly D. immediately 24. A. games B. trainings C. activities D. savings 25. A. mixed up B. messed up C. lined up D. risen up 26. A. anger B. fear C. curiosity D. shock 27. A. encounter B. praise C. satisfy D. comfort 28. A. problem B. result C. case D. status 29. A. hate B. expect C. meet D. approach 30. A. simple B. ideal C. scary D. strange 31. A. follow B. provide C. repeat D. guide 32. A. confident B. honest C. brave D. fortunate 33. A. trust B. pride C. interest D. expectation 34. A. reward B. power C. wisdom D. goal 35. A. chances B. challenges C. adventures D. discussions 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A self-driving taxi _____36_____(operate) by Chinese tech heavyweight Baidu Inc recently hit a pedestrian crossing against a traffic light in Wuhan _____37_____(cause) heated discussions on the challenges and limitations facing autonomous driving technology, especially in complex situations. Meanwhile, the _____38_____ (commerce) application of robotaxis in more cities across the country has raised concerns about employment. Taxi drivers strongly oppose it _____39_____ they are worried about the intensifying competition, thus losing their jobs. Currently, Wuhan _____40_____ (step) up efforts to promote the development of intelligent connected vehicles and the application of driverless driving technology. Zhang Xiang, _____41_____ auto sector researcher at North China University of Technology, said that the incident in Wuhan indicates that self-driving technology has advanced significantly over the past few years, _____42_____ it still encounters difficulties under complicated road condition’s and has some limitations when dealing with unconventional behavior, such as motorists or pedestrians violating traffic rules. Zhang added that ensuring the safety and stability of robotaxis remains a top _____43_____ (prior), and more efforts _____44_____ (require) to enhance self-driving testing and application. So far, more than 20 cities nationwide have introduced policies supporting autonomous driving tests, ______45______ more than 60 enterprises having obtained self-driving test licenses. 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Tom告诉你，他对我国的中秋节特别感兴趣，特写信向你咨询相关习俗，请你回复邮件介绍该节日。内容包括： 1. 时间 (农历8月15日)； 2. 习俗活动； 3. 意义 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答； 3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The True Meaning of Love “You don’t want that one,” the shelter volunteer said. “He’s broken. He’d been abandoned.” “Broken? Abandoned?” I asked. Had I heard her correctly? I looked down at the black cat sitting on my foot. The minute I’d walked into the animal shelter’s cat room, he’d been one step behind me, my shadow. I wasn’t an expert, but this cat seemed friendly. The volunteer explained, “He doesn’t like anyone—not other cats, not dogs, not people.” “I want to adopt him.” I said. “Really?” she asked. There were several other lovely cats up for adoption, cats that would be easier for a first-time owner. “Why?” “Because he needs a home,” I said. Then under my breath, “And because I’m broken too.” It was 2017. I’d been in therapy（心理治疗）for a while, but it was only recently that my therapist suggested I get an animal companion—preferably something low-maintenance, like a cat. It would be good for me. Maybe it can even help me form connections with people. I didn’t know if I believed that. But I went to my local shelter. I don’t know what it was about that little black cat, but I immediately felt a connection with him. Two abandoned peas in a pod, I guess. I filled out the paperwork and left with him that afternoon. At home I let him out of the carrier so he could explore. I watched as this little cat smelled every inch of the house. Eventually, his curiosity was satisfied, and he settled in my lap. I reached out a hesitant hand to pet him, saying, “You need my help, and I need yours.” It took me a week to come up with a name for him. I finally settled on Mr. Bojangles, after the song about a homeless man who, even after getting into big trouble, remained happy and positive. I thought the name fitted this cat. Later I called him Bo for short. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 By the time a year passed, we’d settled into a routine. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Amazingly, we both began new connections with the outer world. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$