内容正文:
2024-2025学年高一英语
上学期期中语法考点串讲
(北师大版2020必修第一册)
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句+
不定代词用法
考点串讲02关系代词引导的定语从句
定语从句知识网络思维导图
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点一:关系代词that高频用法归纳
清单1:that用作关系代词,指人或物;在句中作主语、宾语,有时作表语。
1. He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago.
【解析】1. that。本句中that在定语从句充当表语。故答案是that。
清单2:先行词既为人又为物时,只用that不用which。
2. John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.
【解析】2. that。先行词既为人又为物时,只能用that不用which。故答案是that。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点一:关系代词that高频用法归纳
清单3:先行词被序数词词或形容词最高级修饰时,只用that不用which。
3. The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.
4. This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.
【解析】3. that。先行词被序数词修饰只能用that不用which。故答案是to reduce。
【解析】4. that。先行词被形容词最高级修饰只能用that不用which。故答案是that。
清单4:先行词是all, much, little, everything, nothing, anything等不定代词时,只用that不用which。
5. I refuse to accept the blame for something _____ was someone else’s fault. (全国2010 II)
【解析】5. that。先行词被形容词最高级修饰只能用that不用which。故答案是that。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点一:关系代词that高频用法归纳
清单5:先行词被only, very, little, all等修饰时,只用that不用which。
6. He is the only man __________ I can find for the work.
【解析】6. that。限定词only是关键。故答案是that。
清单6:that用作关系副词,作方式状语(that相当于in which,可以省略),先行词是the way。
7. I don’t like the way _______you speak to her.
【解析】7. that。the way在定语从句作方式状语,故填that。注意此时that可以省略。故答案是that。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点二:关系代词which高频用法归纳
清单1:which用作关系代词,指物;在句中作主语、宾语
8. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ________ gives off light in the dark.
【解析】8. that/which。本句中that在定语从句充当表语。故答案是that。
清单2:which引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是整个主句或主句一部分,前边有逗号为标志,that不能。
9. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.
【解析】9. which。which引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是整个主句,前边有逗号为标志。故答案是which。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点二:关系代词which高频用法归纳
清单3:which用于“介词+关系代词”结构,先行词指物,如in which, both of which等。
10. Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free.
【解析】10. which。choose from表示“从……选择”;先行词是Many lessons,故用which。故答案是which。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点三:关系代词whose高频用法归纳
清单1:whose用作关系代词,在定语从句中作定语,先行词指人或物。
11. Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
【解析】11. whose。whose用作关系代词,在定语从句中作定语,先行词指人。故答案是whose。
清单2:whose+名词=the +名词+of whom/which=of whom/which+ the +名词。
12. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
13. This is Mr Green, ________ ___________ help I’ve made great progress in English.
【解析】12. whose。whose用作关系代词,在定语从句中作定语,先行词指物。故答案是whose。
【解析】13. with whose。With one’s help表示“在……帮助下”。故答案是with whose。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点四:关系代词as高频用法归纳
清单1:as用作关系代词,引导限制性定语从句,作从句的主语、宾语,用于such…as…, so…as…, the same…as…句型。
14. Los Angeles is such an attractive place _______everyone likes to visit.
15. This is ______difficult a problem _____no one can work out.
【解析】14. as。such…as…构成限制性定语从句,从句缺少宾语。故答案是as。
【解析】15. so; as。so…as…构成限制性定语从句,从句缺少宾语。故答案是so; as。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点四:关系代词as高频用法归纳
清单2:as用作关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,位于主句的前、中、后,强调前后逻辑一致,表示“正如……”,从句多含有see, know, expect, tell, report等动词。
16. _________ is often the case with Jim, he was fined for speeding.
17. _______ is known to everybody, light travels faster than sound.
18. The air quality in the city, ______ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
【解析】16. As。as is often the case with sb引导非限制性定语从句。位于句首或句末。故答案是As。
【解析】17. As。as we all know/as is known to all引导非限制性定语从句。位于句首或句末。故答案是As。
【解析】18. as。as引导的定语从句可以插入到主句中间,如本句。故答案是as。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点五:关系代词who和whom高频用法归纳
清单1:关系代词who在定语从句作主语,先行词指人。
19. They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.
【解析】19. who。本句先行词是their masters,定语从句缺少主语,故应用who。
清单2:关系代词whom在定语从句作宾语,先行词指人,可以省略。whom可以用于“介词+关系代词”结构,先行词指人,如from whom, by whom等。
20. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of ______ left their village homes for a better life in the city.
【解析】20. whom。这是“介词+关系代词”结构,先行词指人,故用whom。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点六:“介词+关系代词”结构用法归纳
要点精讲:先行词指人关系代词用whom,指物关系代词用which;介词选择的原则:一看先行词词特殊要求,如to a degree,二看从句谓语动词搭配,如learn from三看整个语境逻辑。特殊结构如in which case, with whose help等。
32. Do you remember the day ___ ________ we first met?
33. Do you remember the month ___ ________ we first met?
【解析】32. on which。“在某一天”介词用on。故答案是on which。
【解析】33. in which。“在某一月”介词用in。故答案是in which。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点六:“介词+关系代词”结构用法归纳
要点精讲:先行词指人关系代词用whom,指物关系代词用which;介词选择的原则:一看先行词词特殊要求,如to a degree,二看从句谓语动词搭配,如learn from三看整个语境逻辑。特殊结构如in which case, with whose help等。
34. This is the skirt ____ ________ she paid $100.
35. This is the skirt ____ ________ she spent $100.
【解析】34. for which。pay…for…是固定词组。故答案是for which。
【解析】35. on which。spend money/time on…是固定词组。故答案是on which。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点六:“介词+关系代词”结构用法归纳
要点精讲:先行词指人关系代词用whom,指物关系代词用which;介词选择的原则:一看先行词词特殊要求,如to a degree,二看从句谓语动词搭配,如learn from三看整个语境逻辑。特殊结构如in which case, with whose help等。
36. This is my English teacher, ____ ________ I’ve learned a lot.
37. This is my English teacher, ____ ________ help I couldn’t have made such rapid progress.
【解析】36. from whom。从句谓语含有learn from短语。故答案是from whom。
【解析】37. without whose。with one’s help表示“在某人帮助下”,结合语境应用否定形式。故答案是without whose。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点七:定语从句中的主谓一致
要点精讲1:先行词作主语,that/which/who从句谓语动词和主语保持一致。
38. If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution that _______ (suit) everyone.
39. I, who __________(be) your friend, can understand you.
【解析】38. suits。a solution作主语,谓语动词应用单数。故答案是suits。
【解析】39. am。定语从句主语是I,对应谓语是am。故答案是am。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点七:定语从句中的主谓一致
要点精讲2:先行词是one of…结构,定语从句谓语用复数;先行词是the only /very one of…,定语从句谓语用单数。
40. He is one of the students who ________ (praise) at yesterday’s meeting.
41. He is the only one of the students who ______________(praise) at yesterday’s meeting.
【解析】40. were praised。先行词是one of…结构,定语从句谓语用复数。故答案是were praised。
【解析】41. was praised。先行词是the only /very one of…,定语从句谓语用单数。故答案是was praised。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点八:定语从句复杂形式
清单:先行词与定语从句分隔开构成“分割型”定语从句;定语从句与强调句型相结合考查;定语从句与名词性从句、状语从句综合考查;定语从句在阅读理解和完形填空中多起干扰作用,注意用括号法快速识别达到化繁为简目的。
42. Occasions are quite rare_________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
43. It was in the backyard ________ my father planted many vegetables ________ he dug up a statue.
【解析】42. when。本句是分割定语从句,先行词是Occasions。故答案是when。
【解析】43. where; that。________ my father planted many vegetables是定语从句修饰先行词backyard;后面才是强调句型。故答案是where; that。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
核心用法精讲精炼
考点八:定语从句复杂形式
清单:先行词与定语从句分隔开构成“分割型”定语从句;定语从句与强调句型相结合考查;定语从句与名词性从句、状语从句综合考查;定语从句在阅读理解和完形填空中多起干扰作用,注意用括号法快速识别达到化繁为简目的。
44. He wrote a lot of novels, many of _________ were translated into foreign languages.
45. He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _______ were translated into foreign languages.
【解析】44. which。这是“介词+关系代词”结构。故答案是which。
【解析】45. them。and是解题关键,表明这是一个并列句。故答案是them。
考点串讲02 不定代词用法
核心用法精讲精炼
要点精讲1:each, both, all等不定代词用法
典型用法 典型示例
each指两者或两者以上中每个 They each have their own email address. 他们每个人都有自己的电子邮件地址。
both表示“两者都” Both his mother and his father will be there. 他父母二人都要去那里。
all指“(三者或三者以上)全部” All five men are hard workers. 五个人全都工作努力。
either表示“(两者中的)任何一个” You can park on either side of the street. 这条街两边都可停车。
neither表示“两者都不” Neither of my parents speaks a foreign language. 我的父母都不会说外语。
none表示“(三者或三者以上)全无,没有一点” We have three sons but none of them live nearby. 我们有三个儿子,但他们都不住在附近。
nothing表示“没有任何东西” The doctor said there was nothing wrong with me. 医生说我什么毛病也没有。
another泛指“(三者或三者以上中的)另一,又一” Heavy rains continued another three days. 大雨持续了三天。
Would you like another drink? 还想喝一杯吗?
other泛指“其余的”,只作定语 Are there any other questions? 还有其他问题没有?
others“另一些” Don't expect others to read your mind. 不要期望别人能看出你的心思。
the other特指两者之中的另一个 He raised one arm and then the other. 他先举起一只手,然后举起另一只。
the others“剩余的一些” I walked back while the others rode in the car. 别人都乘车,而我是走回来的。
考点串讲02 不定代词用法
核心用法精讲精炼
要点精讲1:each, both, all等不定代词用法
1. Both teams were in hard training; __________was willing to lose the game.
【解析】 neither。句意:两支球队都在艰苦训练。二者都不愿输掉比赛。neither表示“两者都不”,与both对应。
2. There are five language labs in this building. One is on the second floor and the _______ are in the third floor.
【解析】 others。第一句话中的in this building提供了一个范围,因此空白处指的是在这幢楼房里其余的language labs,即表示某一范围中其他的人或事物,应用the others。
考点串讲02 不定代词用法
核心用法精讲精炼
要点精讲1:each, both, all等不定代词用法
3. It is very necessary that children should be taught how to get along with_________.
【解析】 others。句意:“教育孩子和别人和睦相处很重要。”故用others。another“剩余中的任何一个”;the other“两者中的另一个”;the others“剩余的全部”;others“其他人”,不强调范围。
4. We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun, so let’s have __________one this month.
【解析】 another。another表示“另外一个”,用于表示三者以上范围。
考点串讲02 不定代词用法
核心用法精讲精炼
要点精讲2:few, little, ,many, much等不定代词用法
典型用法 典型示例
few修饰可数名词,否定含义,“几乎没有” The last few winters have been very cold过去几个冬天都很冷。
a few修饰可数名词,肯定含义,“几个;一些” I have a few friends, but my younger sister has very few. 我有一些朋友,但我妹妹几乎没有朋友。
little修饰不可数名词,否定含义,“几乎没有” There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。
a little修饰不可数名词,肯定含义,“一点” She can speak a little French, but she knows little English.她能讲点法语,但她几乎不懂英语。
many修饰可数名词,肯定含义,“许多” We don't have very many copies left. 我们所剩的册数不多。
much修饰不可数名词,肯定含义,“许多” I don't have much money with me. 我没带多少钱。
考点串讲02 不定代词用法
核心用法精讲精炼
要点精讲2:few, little, ,many, much等不定代词用法
5. ___________(few)people attended the second meeting than the first one.
【解析】 fewer
【解析】考查不定代词。句意:参加第二次会议的人比第一次的少。 分析句意,此处需用不定代词作定语且含有比较级,修饰复数名词。故填fewer。
6. This is the _________number of participants we've ever had.
【解析】 fewest
【解析】考查不定代词。句意:这是我们有史以来参与人数最少的一次。分析句意,此处需用不定代词作定语且含有最高级,修饰复数名词。故填fewest。
考点串讲02 不定代词用法
核心用法精讲精炼
要点精讲2:few, little, ,many, much等不定代词用法
7. Don't worry. We still have ________time left.
【解析】 a little
【解析】考查不定代词。句意:别担心。我们还有一点时间。 分析句意,此处需用不定代词作定语且表示肯定含义,修饰不可数名词。故填a little。
8. I am thirsty, but there is little water in the glass.
【解析】 little
【解析】考查不定代词。句意:我渴了,但杯子里没水了。分析句意,此处需用不定代词作定语且含有否定意义,修饰不可数名词。故填little。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
高考真题实战演练
考点一:考查定语从句关系代词that, which的用法
1.(2024新课标I卷) The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
答案:that/which。
解析:考查定语从句。句意:Mark Woodruff补充说:“这是当代设计的最高成就,在丝绸之路的尽头,中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场,这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国,定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词design,先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
高考真题实战演练
考点一:考查定语从句关系代词that, which的用法
2.(2024全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
答案:which。
解析:本空所在句子为定语从句,先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias,故答案在which和that间选,而本空前有逗号,that前不能加逗号,故填which。
3.(2024浙江1月卷)Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way _________ will make them the most money.
【答案】that/which。
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:当然,商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词为way,所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
高考真题实战演练
考点一:考查定语从句关系代词that, which的用法
4.(2023全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
【答案】which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词,先行词为“a place”,在定语从句中担当主语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
5.(2021新高考II卷)I decided that if I learned of a company ___________used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
【答案】which或that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我决定,如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料,我就给它发邮件,敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构,_________ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句,修饰先行词a company,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,用which或that引导该从句,所以填which或that。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
高考真题实战演练
考点二:考查定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法
6.(2023全国甲卷)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.
【答案】as。
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:然而,正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说,寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句,且有“正如”之意,用关系代词as引导。故填as。
7.(2022浙江1月卷)Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
【答案】 that/who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员,因为气候变化,他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语,应使用关系代词替代,故填that/who。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
高考真题实战演练
考点二:考查定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法
8.(2022全国甲卷)On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:在1100公里的旅程中,8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知,此处是非限定性定语从句,先行词为Cao Shengkang,指人,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
9.(2023全国乙卷)The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman ________hair color looked just perfect.
【答案】whose。
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:她选的颜色装在一个盒子里,盒子里有一张女人的照片,她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是限定性定语从句,先行词是woman,关系词在从句中作hair的定语,应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
高考真题实战演练
考点三:考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”的用法
10.(2021天津卷)William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from __________we can learn without repeating them.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:威廉•哈斯蒂曾经说过,历史会告诉我们过去的错误,我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知,past mistakes为现行词,_________ we can learn without repeating them.为定语从句,从句中谓语动词can learn可知,要从过去的错误中学习,learn from“从……中学习”,可知应用from which引导定语从句。
11.(2020江苏卷)Many lessons are now available online, from ___________students can choose for free.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:许多课程现在都可以在网上找到,学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句,先行词是many lessons,关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语,应使用关系代词which引导。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
高考真题实战演练
考点三:考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”的用法
12. Beside scientific missions, the crew also gave two live science lectures from the space station, during ___________ they conducted various experiments and answered questions from students watching the class on Earth.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:除了科学任务,宇航员还在空间站上进行了两次现场科学讲座,期间他们进行了各种实验,并回答了在地球上观看课堂的学生的问题。根据句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词lectures,指物,关系词替代先行词在从句中作介词during的宾语,用关系代词which。故填which。
13. Hua Mulan, the story of ___________ has been told by generations in China, is a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534).
【答案】whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:花木兰是北魏(386-534)的一位战士,中国历代都有花木兰的故事。分析句子可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Hua Mulan,为人,作介词of后宾语,应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
易混易错精炼精析
1. We must believe that we can succeed, ___________ makes it possible for us to overcome the difficulties.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我们要相信自己能够成功,这样我们才有可能克服困难。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整个句子,关系词在从句中作主语,应用which引导定语从句,故填which。
2. ___________ is often the case, some students play computer games so late that they can't finish their homework on time.
【答案】As
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:通常情况下,有些学生玩电脑游戏太晚,以致无法按时完成作业。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰后面整个句子,表示“正如”,应用as引导定语从句,as is often the case意为“通常情况下”,单词位于句首,首字母大写,故填As。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
易混易错精炼精析
3. The couple, ___________ life used to be very hard, have set up a series of chain stores in Europe.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:这对夫妇过去生活很艰苦,现在在欧洲开了一系列连锁店。分析句子可知,此处为关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词The couple在从句中作定语成分。故填whose。
4. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings shed tears when they cry, none of ___________ has been proved.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪,科学家已经提出了很多理论,没有一个被证实。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词theories,先行词指物,并在从句中作介词of的宾语,应用关系代词which。故填 which。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
易混易错精炼精析
5. Different colors can create different moods in your space, some of ___________ may not be favorable to sleep.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:不同的颜色能在你的空间创造出不同的气氛,其中的一些可能并不利于睡眠。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词colors,指物,设空处在定语从句中作介词 of 的宾语,故填 which。
6. In 1961 the UN decided to set up the World Food Programme, one of ___________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从。句意:1961 年联合国决定建立世界粮食计划署,其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的饥饿问题。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句,且设空处在定语从句中作定语,修饰名词purposes,应该用关系代词whose引导。故填 whose。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
易混易错精炼精析
7. Toward the end of my teaching career, I became a teacher librarian, ___________ aroused my love for being surrounded by books.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:在我的教学生涯接近尾声时,我成了一名教师图书管理员,这引起了我对被书籍包围的热爱。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代作者成为一名教师图书管理员这件事,定语从句缺主语,故填which。
8. The country’s highest honor is given to those ___________ have made great contributions to the development of the People’s Republic of China.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:国家的最高荣誉授予了那些为中华人民共和国的发展做出巨大贡献的人。空处引导定语从句,先行词those指人,从句中缺少主语,需用关系代词who,故填 who。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
易混易错精炼精析
9. The Journey to the West is the most interesting story ___________I have ever read.
【答案】that
【解析】句意: 《西游记》是我曾读过的最有趣的故事。设空处引导定语从句, 先行词 story指物,设空处在定语从句中作宾语,且先行词前有形容词最高级修饰。故填that。
10. ___________ is known to us all, Yang Liwei is the first astronaut in China to enter space.
【答案】As
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:众所周知,杨利伟是中国第一位进入太空的航天员。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句,设空处在定语从句中作主语,有“正如”之意,且位于句首,故填关系代词 As。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
易混易错精炼精析
11. The manager, in ___________ office I just attended an interview, asked me to go back home and wait for the reply.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我刚刚在经理的办公室参加了面试,他让我回家等待答复。空处是“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句,先行词the manager,关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作定语,修饰名词office,需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
12. This is the only one of the best novels ___________has appeared this year.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:这是今年出版的唯一一本最好的小说。此处为定语从句修饰先行词novels,在从句作主语,指物,且由最高级修饰只能用that引导。故填that。
考点串讲02 关系代词引导的定语从句
易混易错精炼精析
13. Shaanxi’s biang biang noodles were a comforting and beloved food among locals, for ___________ the back story and written character were common knowledge.
【答案】whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:陕西的油泼面在当地人心中是一道慰藉人心、备受喜爱的食物,关于它的背景故事和文字字符是当地人的常识。空处引导非限定性定语从句,修饰先行词locals。先行词指人,在定语从句中做介词的宾语,所以用关系代词whom引导该从句。故填whom。
14. ___________is known to all, Tsinghua University is one of the top universities throughout the world.
【答案】As
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:众所周知,清华大学是世界上顶尖的大学之一。空处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词指代后面的句子,在定语从句中作主语,且表示“正如”,应用关系代词as引导,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填As。
考点串讲02 不定代词的用法
易混易错精炼精析
15. Niki is always full of ideas,but ________ is useful to my knowledge.
【解析】考查代词。句意:妮基总有很多主意,但据我所知没有哪一个是有用的。分析句子结构可知,此处缺主语,故填代词,结合句意可知,句中的“full of ideas”表明主意是三个或三个以上,所以用none表示完全否定。故填none。
16. She’d lived in London and Manchester,but she liked ________ and moved to Cambridge.
【解析】考查代词。句意:她曾在伦敦和曼彻斯特住过,但她不喜欢这两个地方,于是迁到剑桥。分析句子结构可知,空处缺宾语,所以填代词,语境表明空格处应用表示两者全部否定的不定代词,故填neither。
考点串讲02 不定代词的用法
易混易错精炼精析
17. Good families are much to all their members,but ________ to none.
【解析】考查代词。句意:好的家庭对每个家庭成员都很重要,但并不意味着一切。根据句意可知,此处表示be/mean everything (to sb.)(对某人来说)是最重要的/意味着一切,故用everything符合句意。故填everything。
18. —Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?
—$4,000,or ________ like that.
【解析】考查代词。句意:——你算出这次旅游将会花多少钱了吗?——4 000美元,或大约那么多吧。结合句意可知,此处填something,表示不确切的描述或数量,意为“大致,左右”,故填something。
考点串讲02 不定代词的用法
易混易错精炼精析
19. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him,but ________ of them wants to,because they have work to do.
【解析】考查代词。句意:Larry让Bill和Peter和他一起去野餐,但是他们两个人都不想去,因为他们有工作要做。根据句意可知,前面提到的是Bill和Peter两个人,再结合转折连词but和谓语动词wants可知,空格处是对两者进行全部否定,故填neither。
20. To her joy,Della earned first the trust of her students and then ________ of her colleagues.
【解析】考查代词。句意:使她高兴的是,Della首先赢得了她学生的信任,然后又获得了她同事的信任。分析句子结构可知,空后面的“of her colleagues”与前面的“of her students”是同样的结构,因此此空应该用that来替代the trust,that表示特指,且可以指代前文不可数名词,故填that。
考点串讲02 不定代词的用法
易混易错精炼精析
21. At our factory there are a few machines similar to ________ described in this magazine.
【解析】考查代词。句意:在我们工厂里有一些机器与这本杂志里描述的那些机器很相似。分析句子结构可知,此处用代词,根据句意可知空格处应填the machines,同时the machines被described in this magazine修饰,可以用those替代,指代前文可数名词复数,表示特指,故填those。
22. If you’re buying today’s paper from the stand,could you get ________ for me?
【解析】考查代词。句意:你如果要到报摊买今天的报纸,能不能帮我买一份?分析句子结构可知,此处缺宾语,所以填代词,本空的代词替代前面的可数名词paper(报纸),表示同类事物中的一个,故填one。
考点串讲02 不定代词的用法
易混易错精炼精析
23. We used to mistake that heavy objects fell faster than light ________.
【解析】考查代词。句意:我们过去常误以为重的物体比轻的物体下落得快。根据句意可知,同类事物而非原事物的指代,单数用one,复数用ones,指代空前的heavy objects,故填ones。
24. Nowadays,school violence is a hot issue.I think this is a phenomenon,________ calling for our great concern.
【解析】考查代词。句意:如今,校园暴力是一个热点问题。我认为这是一个现象,一个呼吁我们给与更大关注的现象。分析句子结构可知,空处填代词,做phenomenon的同位语,再结合句意可知,指代一类事物中的一个,故用不定代词one,表示泛指,故填one。
谢谢观看
GRAMMAR SUMMARY
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