精品解析：湖南省部分学校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题

湖南省高三年级入学考试 英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt？ A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9. 15. 答案是 C。 1. What happened to the woman？ A. She avoided the bad weather. B. She didn’t get back in time. C. She decided to visit the man 14 days later. 2. What do we know about Anne？ A. She has waited for the speakers three times. B. It’s the third time she has shown up late. C. She will drive 50 miles to meet the speakers. 3. What does the woman think of the man’s idea？ A Interesting. B. Exciting. C. Unreasonable. 4. How much should other people pay for the bed？ A.500 yuan. B. 750 yuan. C. 1,000 yuan. 5. Who telephoned the man？ A. Mr. Brown. B. Mr. White. C. Miss Grey. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？ A. Father and daughter. B. Operator and patient. C. Mother and son. 7. When will the man arrive at the doctor’s？ A. At 3 00 pm. B. At 4:00 pm. C. At 5:00 pm. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the man come to the company？ A. To meet a client. B. To meet a friend. C. To have a job interview. 9. Who will show the man around？ A. Shelly. B. Sarah. C. Mr. Johnson. 10. How will the man get the result？ A. By reading an email sent by the company. B. By checking the company’s web himself. C. By receiving a call from the company. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the woman ask the man to do？ A. Call a taxi for her. B. Take good care of the house. C. See some new designs with her. 12. What is the weather probably like in Italy now？ A. Sunny and warm. B. Windy and dry. C. Rainy and cool. 13. Why will the woman go to Italy？ A. To go on a business trip. B. To show her works. C. To spend a holiday. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What will Kate do next week？ A. Buy a motorbike. B. Buy a new car. C. Have her eighteenth birthday. 15. What does Kate want to learn？ A. Singing. B. Car driving. C. Motorbike driving. 16. Who is Linda？ A. The man’s daughter. B. Kate’s classmate. C. Kate’s mom. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What did the man do every day？ A. He built his house. B. He drank from the river. C. He walked through the forest. 18 What bothered the man that night？ A. Nothing in his house could stop his thirst. B. He felt hungry and ate everything he had. C. His neighbour came to visit him. 19. What did the man receive from the neighbour？ A. Bread. B. Beer. C. Fruit. 20. What can we learn from the story？ A. The key may lie where we initially ignored it. B. Stepping outside can lead to unexpected success. C. The opportunity exists in the choices you make. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Your Harvard Summer School Experience Harvard Summer School offers more than 400 courses for college students in more than60 different subject areas. Our open- enrollment courses are offered in a variety of adaptable formats, so you can find the option that works best with your busy schedule. In our classrooms — whether in person or online — you’ll find: · Harvard faculty and industry experts dedicated to helping you expand your skills and sparking intellectual curiosity ·A rigorous learning environment filled with rich interactions · An intensive curriculum designed to be completed in a shorter summer session than a fall or a spring term · An international network of peers like you — driven, curious, and committed to growth · Access to Harvard’s famous libraries, museums, and computer labs Details: Non- credit courses: They provide an opportunity for personal growth without the need to earn credits. These flexible courses cater to diverse interests and schedules. They allow learners to explore new subjects without formal assessments. Their durations are variable, ranging from 4 weeks to 6 weeks. 4-credit courses: These courses are condensed into a more focused time frame, typically running for about 4 weeks. They are designed for students who want to complete a course well and quickly. 6-credit courses: They are structured to last for approximately 6 weeks, offering a more extended learning period that allows for a deeper exploration of the subject matter. 8-credit courses: These are the most comprehensive options, usually extending over an 8- week period. They are ideal for students seeking an in- depth study experience, covering a wider range of topics or allowing for a more thorough examination of a particular field. 1. What does Harvard Summer School feature? A. Long duration. B. Busy schedules. C. Flexible arrangements. D. Competitive environment. 2. What can the students do after joining Harvard Summer School? A. Skip a fall term. B. Work in famous libraries. C. Make friends with experts. D. Meet like-minded people. 3. Which courses are the best for the students focusing on efficiency? A. Non-credit courses. B. 4-credit courses. C. 6-credit courses. D. 8-credit courses. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了 Harvard Summer School 的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Our open-enrollment courses are offered in a variety of adaptable formats, so you can find the option that works best with your busy schedule.”（我们的开放注册课程提供多种可适应的形式，因此您可以找到最适合您繁忙日程的选择）可知，哈佛暑期学校的课程安排灵活。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“An international network of peers like you— driven, curious, and committed to growth”（一个由像你这样的志同道合的人组成的国际网络ーー充满动力、好奇心和致力于发展）可知，学生可以在哈佛暑期学校遇到志同道合的人。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章中关于4-credit courses中的“These courses are condensed into a more focused time frame, typically running for about 4 weeks. They are designed for students who want to complete a course well and quickly.”（这些课程被浓缩成一个更集中的时间框架，通常运行约4周。它们是为那些想要又好又快地完成一门课程的学生设计的）可知，4学分课程适合注重效率的学生。故选B项。 B I enjoyed being in nature. Visiting nearby natural places made me feel better when living alone in Rio de Janeiro. To find different communities that had unique relationships with nature, I moved to Manaus in the Amazon Rainforest to feel the energy of the forest and see the local people’s integration with the forest. I discovered we can have many relationships with nature that aren’t always detrimental to those places. They took care of the land and cultivated these gardens filled with fruits and nuts we loved eating without harming the forest. I think many people unaware of how the local communities have shaped a “completely” natural space. The Amazon Rainforest is not just created by natural processes. Doing research in the field could be a big challenge. We often went to really isolated places when doing field work in the Amazon Rainforest. We were aware that if anything happened to us, we could die. If a venomous snake were to bite you out there, you would be in a dangerous situation. We needed to manage those feelings while doing our work and collecting data. I worked on an article about how we could engage native knowledge in conservation science. We had held small meetings with five native researchers, talking about how they viewed the Amazon Rainforest and trying to understand how we could maintain the Amazon Rainforest in the future. These conversations led me to start reflecting on how we did science. I submitted our paper to two other scientific journals before it was accepted. At the time, I didn’t feel that the article was good enough to be published in a major scientific journal like Science. I tried other journals and was rejected immediately. My coauthors and supervisors said that we had nothing to lose by submitting it to Science. We tried again and they accepted it. That experience has showed me that we need to commit ourselves to what we think we should do. We cannot give up when it comes to science. We need determination. 4. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Similar. B. Relevant. C. Harmful. D. Beneficial. 5. What impressed the author most about Manaus? A. The locals’ care for nature. B. The change of natural processes. C. The local communities’ relationships. D. The situation of the Amazon Rainforest. 6. Which of the following can best describe the author’s field work? A. Tiring. B. Risky. C. Costly. D. Demanding. 7. Why does the author mention the experience of submitting the paper? A. To reveal backgrounds. B. To establish credibility. C. To highlight challenges. D. To demonstrate resolve. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在亚马逊雨林的研究经历及与当地社区的合作，强调了对自然的尊重和科学的决心。 【4题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上下文语境，尤其是划线词句下文“They took care of the land and cultivated these gardens filled with fruits and nuts we loved eating without harming the forest.(他们照顾土地，种植了我们喜欢吃的水果和坚果的花园，而没有伤害森林)”可知，作者发现了可以与自然建立许多关系，但这些关系并不一定对这些地方有害。所以detrimental意为“有害的”。故选C。 【5题详解】  细节理解题。根据第二段的“They took care of the land and cultivated these gardens filled with fruits and nuts we loved eating without harming the forest.(他们照顾土地，种植了我们喜欢吃的水果和坚果的花园，而没有伤害森林)”可知，作者对Manaus印象最深的是当地人对自然的关爱。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的“We often went to really isolated places when doing field work in the Amazon Rainforest. We were aware that if anything happened to us, we could die. If a venomous snake were to bite you out there, you would be in a dangerous situation.(我们在亚马逊雨林做实地工作时，经常去非常偏僻的地方。我们知道如果发生任何事情，我们可能会死。如果在那儿被毒蛇咬了，你会处于危险的境地)”可推知，作者的实地工作是有风险的。故选B。 【7题详解】  推理判断题。根据最后一段“That experience has showed me that we need to commit ourselves to what we think we should do. We cannot give up when it comes to science. We need determination.(那次经历让我明白，我们需要致力于我们认为应该做的事情。面对科学，我们不能放弃。我们需要决心)”可推知，作者提到提交论文的经历是为了展示决心。故选D。 C Solar eclipses (日食) happen when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun. These events are always spectacular. But total solar eclipses are extra special. One such eclipse was visible across large parts of North America on April 8, 2024. During that time, sky watchers felt surprised at the view. They also took part in scientific research. The eclipse was a piece of exciting news for solar science. On April 8, the Sun neared its most active phase when the Sun gave off more radiation and a lot of charged particles from its surface. Such solar storms threatened satellites orbiting the Earth. They even disrupted power grids on the ground. These are what the science pros found. “Luckily, researchers now have more scientific instruments to study our star than ever before,” said Kelly Korreck, who is an astrophysicist. “This provides a unique chance to learn about the Sun and its effects on our planet and its atmosphere.” But science pros aren’t the only ones getting in on the fun. Citizen scientists are members of the public who help gather observations and analyze them. “There is a lot of emphasis on citizen science and having folks do solar science projects,” Korreck said. Scientists hoped to recruit as many phones as possible, which would spread out over the 2,000- mile- long and 100- mile- wide path of the April 2024 eclipse. Korreck said, “That will offer views of the solar shape from a very large number of vantage points. And it’s up to citizen scientists to do it.” Citizen scientists were able to take part without interrupting their view of the eclipse. They just started an app on their phone and propped it up facing the Sun at least five minutes before the Moon passed in front of the Sun. The app handled the rest. They could get to keep copies of the pictures as a souvenir. “That was a good chance for citizen scientists to contribute to eclipse research,” Korreck said. That’s true whether they set up a camera or installed an app. 8. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A The total solar eclipse was visible in the entire America. B. The total solar eclipse has some impact on the Earth. C. The Earth gives off more radiation during solar eclipses. D. Sky watchers contributed a lot to scientific research. 9. What did Korreck think of citizen scientists? A. They are enthusiastic. B. They are creative. C. They are optimistic. D. They are essential. 10. What did the scientists want to get from citizen scientists during the total solar eclipse? A. Useful points about the total solar eclipse. B. As many phones as possible with apps installed. C. Observations of the total solar eclipse from different angles. D. More scientific instruments to help observe solar eclipses. 11. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. What citizen scientists got from the eclipse research. B. How citizen scientists got involved in the eclipse research. C How much time citizen scientists spent in taking pictures. D. Why the total solar eclipse was a good chance for the scientists. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了2024年4月8日的日全食科学观测活动及其对公众参与的要求。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Such solar storms threatened satellites orbiting the Earth. They even disrupted power grids on the ground.(这样的太阳风暴威胁到了环绕地球运行的卫星。它们甚至干扰了地面上的电力网络)”可知，日全食对地球有一定的影响。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Citizen scientists are members of the public who help gather observations and analyze them. ‘There is a lot of emphasis on citizen science and having folks do solar science projects,’ Korreck said.(公民科学家是普通公众中的一员，他们帮助收集观测数据并对数据进行分析。‘现在非常重视公民科学，并鼓励人们参与太阳科学研究项目，’Korreck说)”可知，Korreck认为公民科学家是必不可少的。选项D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Scientists hoped to recruit as many phones as possible, which would spread out over the 2,000- mile- long and 100- mile- wide path of the April 2024 eclipse. Korreck said, ‘That will offer views of the solar shape from a very large number of vantage points. And it’s up to citizen scientists to do it.’(科学家们希望尽可能多地招募手机，这些手机将分布在2024年4月日食路径上，这条路径长达2000英里，宽达100英里。Korreck说：‘这将从大量的观察点提供太阳形状的视图。这取决于公民科学家来做这件事。’)”可知，科学家希望从公民科学家那里得到从不同角度观测到的日全食情况。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Citizen scientists were able to take part without interrupting their view of the eclipse. They just started an app on their phone and propped it up facing the Sun at least five minutes before the Moon passed in front of the Sun. The app handled the rest.(公民科学家能够在不打断观赏日食的情况下参与进来。他们只需在手机上启动一个应用程序，并在月亮挡在太阳前面至少五分钟前将其面向太阳放置。应用程序会处理剩下的事情)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了公民科学家如何参与日全食的研究。故选B。 D A wearable health monitor developed by Washington State University researchers can reliably measure levels of important biochemicals in sweat during physical exercise. The 3D- printed monitor could someday provide a simple and non- invasive (无创的) way to track health conditions and diagnose common diseases, such as diabetes, kidney disease or heart disease. Reporting in the journal, ACS Sensors, the researchers were able to accurately monitor the levels of volunteers’ glucose (葡萄糖) and uric acid (尿酸). “Diabetes is a major problem worldwide,” said Chuchu Chen, the first author of the paper. “I think 3D printing can make a difference to the healthcare fields, and I wanted to see if we can combine 3D printing with disease detection methods to create a device like this.” For their new health monitor, the researchers used 3D printing to make the health monitors in a unique, one- step manufacturing process. The researchers used a single- atom catalyst and enzymatic reactions to enhance the signal and measure low levels of the biomarkers. Three biosensors on the monitor change color to indicate the specific biochemical levels. Sweat contains many important chemicals that can indicate health conditions, but, unlike blood sampling, it’s non- invasive. Levels of uric acid in sweat can indicate the risk of developing kidney disease or heart disease. Glucose levels are used to monitor diabetes. But the amount of these chemicals in sweat is tiny and can be hard to measure, the researchers noted. While other sweat sensors (传感器) have been developed, they are complex and need specialized equipment and expertise to make. When the researchers compared the new monitors on volunteers’ arms to lab results, they found that their monitor was accurately and reliably measuring the concentration of the chemicals. The researchers are now working to further improve the device design and validation. They are also hoping to commercialize the technology. 12. What does Chuchu Chen stress? A. The application of 3D printing in real life. B. The way to make 3D printing develop quickly. C. The integration of 3D printing and medical technology. D. The change in people’s health caused by 3D printing. 13. What can we know about sweat from the text? A. The chemicals in it can reflect health conditions. B. Using it to monitor different diseases is invasive. C. It contains some chemicals that cause heart disease. D. The researchers find it difficult to measure its amount. 14. What is the advantage of the health monitor over other sweat sensors? A. It’s easier to operate. B. It’s more specialized. C. It’s more commonly used. D. It’s more environmentally friendly. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A 3D printing is used to monitor diseases B. Sweat can help treat some common diseases C. Blood sampling isn’t as accurate as sweat monitoring D. A sweat health monitor measures levels of disease markers 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款3D打印的可穿戴健康监测器，能准确检测汗液中的葡萄糖和尿酸水平，用于疾病诊断。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段Chuchu Chen所说的话“I think 3D printing can make a difference to the healthcare fields, and I wanted to see if we can combine 3D printing with disease detection methods to create a device like this.(我认为3D打印可以对医疗领域产生影响，我想看看我们是否可以将3D打印与疾病检测方法结合起来，创造出这样的设备)”可知，Chuchu Chen强调的是3D打印与医疗技术的结合。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Sweat contains many important chemicals that can indicate health conditions, but, unlike blood sampling, it’s non-invasive.(汗液中含有许多重要的化学物质，可以指示健康状况，但与血液采样不同，它是无创的)”可知，汗液中的化学物质可以反映健康状况。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“But the amount of these chemicals in sweat is tiny and can be hard to measure, the researchers noted.While other sweat sensors (传感器) have been developed, they are complex and need specialized equipment and expertise to make.(但研究人员指出，汗液中这些化学物质的含量很小，很难测量。虽然已经开发了其他汗液传感器，但它们复杂且需要专业设备和专业知识来制造)”可知，这种健康监测器比其他汗液传感器更容易操作。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A wearable health monitor developed by Washington State University researchers can reliably measure levels of important biochemicals in sweat during physical exercise.(华盛顿州立大学的研究人员开发了一种可穿戴的健康监测器，可以在体育锻炼期间可靠地测量汗液中重要生化物质的水平)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种可以测量疾病标志物水平的汗液健康监测器。所以“汗液健康监测仪测量疾病标志物的水平”可用作本文的标题。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 During the summer, a lot of people enjoy traveling, vacationing, and taking outdoor adventures when the weather is warm and comfortable. If you’re somewhere new or unfamiliar, it’s always good to get a proper idea of your surroundings. ____16____ The next time you are out exploring with your friends or family, keep an eye out for purple fence posts. Knowing about purple paint laws can help you stay on the right path when driving or hiking in an unfamiliar place. The laws vary from state to state, but generally, a purple fence means no trespassing (擅自进入). While property owners may still choose to use “No Trespassing” signs, the signs are likely to be damaged or worn out over time. ____17____ It can also be easily applied to different land markers. In addition to purple fence posts, you might even see purple trees. This practice is particularly useful in rural areas where property lines can be vast and not always clearly defined. The distinct color serves as a universal sign of private property, easily recognizable even from a distance. ____18____. It is a color that stands out against the natural landscape, reducing the likelihood of accidental trespassing. ____19____ It’s important to note that only about half of the states have regulations specifically regarding purple fence laws. Here are a few tips to get you started. Before you begin painting, ensure you have the right materials and understand the specific requirements for the application. Any paint will work if you’ re using it on a fence, but use late x or spray paint for trees. ____20____ Correct application not only obeys the law, but also serves as a clear and effective warning against trespassing. A. It may be full of danger. B. As you know, safety always comes first. C. Moreover, the use of purple is advantageous. D. A coat of purple paint has lasting effect, though. E. The color purple is the favourite of some people. F. To paint your fence purple, familiarize yourself with the local laws. G. Make sure your paint is clearly visible and marks the correct boundary. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. F 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了在一些州使用紫色油漆标记私人财产的法律规定，并提供了一些相关的建议。   【16题详解】 根据“If you’re somewhere new or unfamiliar, it’s always good to get a proper idea of your surroundings.(如果你在一个新的或不熟悉的地方，对周围的环境有一个正确的了解总是很好的) ”说明在不熟悉的地方旅行时要了解周围环境，空处承接上文，说明为什么要了解不熟悉的周围环境。B选项“如你所知，安全总是第一位的”符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 上文“While property owners may still choose to use “No Trespassing” signs, the signs are likely to be damaged or worn out over time.(虽然业主仍可能选择使用“禁止闯入”标志，但随着时间的推移，这些标志可能会损坏或磨损)”说明“No Trespassing”标志可能会损坏或磨损，空处承接上文，D项中的“A coat of purple paint”和上文中的“a purple fence”相呼应，说明虽然标志可能会损坏或磨损，但是紫色的油漆可能更持久。所以D项“然而，一层紫色油漆具有持久的效果”符合语境。故选D。 【18题详解】 上文“The distinct color serves as a universal sign of private property, easily recognizable even from a distance.(独特的颜色是私有财产的普遍标志，即使从远处也很容易辨认出来)”以及下文“It is a color that stands out against the natural landscape, reducing the likelihood of accidental trespassing.(它是一种在自然景观中脱颖而出的颜色，降低了意外闯入的可能性)”说明紫色可作为私人财产的标志的优势。C项中的Moreover和前文形成递进关系，“advantageous”引出下文中紫色的优势。所以C项“此外，使用紫色是有利的”符合语境。  故选C。 【19题详解】 下文“ It’s important to note that only about half of the states have regulations specifically regarding purple fence laws. Here are a few tips to get you started.(值得注意的是，只有大约一半的州有专门针对紫色栅栏法的法规。这里有一些提示可以让你开始)”说明把栅栏油漆成紫色需要注意一些法律规定。F项“要把栅栏漆成紫色，请熟悉当地法律。”适合作本段的主旨句，引出下文。故选F。 【20题详解】 上文“Before you begin painting, ensure you have the right materials and understand the specific requirements for the application. Any paint will work if you’ re using it on a fence, but use late x or spray paint for trees.(在开始涂漆之前，请确保您拥有合适的材料并了解应用的具体要求)”说明在开始涂漆之前要确保材料和了解具体要求。空处承接上文，进一步提出在开始油漆之间需要做什么。G选项“确保你的油漆清晰可见并标记正确的边界”符合语境。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Seeing kids doing amazing things, you have to stop. When we tell you a 9- year- old Indian weightlifter, Arshia Goswami, made us do a double take, we aren’t ____21____. Arshia, a(n) ____22____ in the weightlifting world, has been doing this since she was 6 years old. She has ____23____ weightlifting achievements that many adults couldn’t dream of doing. Arshia ____24____ her life online, inspiring other children and adults to get into the gym and get ____25____. In a recent post, she ____26____ to lift 165 pounds. She only weighs 55 pounds, ____27____ to lifting three times her own weight. Focused and fierce, she steps on the mat. The ____28____ starts, and Arshia gets excited. A pleasing tune plays and Arshia takes a breath. She holds the barbell (杠铃) ____29____, and raises 165 pounds off the ground. The video was titled “The youngest and strongest Indian” and people were impressed. She gained _____30_____ from the weightlifting community. One person commented, “It took me years to attempt that weight in my teens.” Another person was concerned about her _____31_____: “That’s impressive but stay calm. Her face turned red and it meant too much pressure.” But most people were amazed. “That’s _____32_____ technique for that age. Most people don’t have that kind of technique until years in the _____33_____,” someone else wrote. The fact that Arshia is so young and so strong was not _____34_____ on her followers. A lot of people _____35_____ her and said, “Unbelievable work! It taught us that everything is possible.” 21. A. hesitating B. kidding C. complaining D. responding 22. A. teacher B. judge C. professional D. audience 23. A. spread B. reported C. attained D. collected 24. A. records B. plans C. changes D. arranges 25. A. known B. fit C. connected D. sincere 26. A. sets out B. comes back C. goes away D. shows off 27. A. opposed B. accustomed C. adapted D. committed 28. A. tournament B. music C. schedule D. project 29. A. randomly B. easily C. freely D. tightly 30. A. respect B. doubt C. experience D. access 31. A. education B. talent C. health D. development 32. A. efficient B. modern C. reliable D. incredible 33. A. stage B. game C. life D. story 34. A. lost B. based C. dependent D. passed 35. A. remembered B. believed C. praised D. welcomed 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了孩子也能做出了不起的事情，并且介绍了9岁的印度举重运动员举起165磅杠铃的经历。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们告诉你一个9岁的印度举重运动员，Arshia Goswami，让我们再多看一眼就明白了，我们不是在开玩笑。A. hesitating犹豫；B. kidding开玩笑；C. complaining抱怨；D. responding回复。根据上文“Seeing kids doing amazing things, you have to stop.”可知，这里孩子能做出惊人的事情，所以让读者多看看，是认真的，不是玩笑话，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Arshia是举重界的一名专业人士，从6岁起就开始练举重。A. teacher老师；B. judge法官；C. professional专业人士；D. audience观众。根据下文“has been doing this since she was 6 years old”可知，Arshi是举重界的专业人士，因为从小就开始练举重，故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她取得了许多成年人做梦也想不到的举重成绩。A. spread传播；B. reported报告；C. attained获得；D. collected收集。根据下文“weightlifting achievements that many adults couldn’t dream of doing”可知，是获得成就，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Arshia在网上记录了她的生活，鼓励其他孩子和成年人去健身房健身。A. records记录；B. plans计划；C. changes改变；D. arranges安排。根据下文“her life online”可知，是在网上记录生活去鼓励别人，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. known知名的；B. fit健康的；C. connected有关的；D. sincere真诚的。根据上文“inspiring other children and adults to get into the gym”可知，鼓励其他孩子和成年人去健身房是健身，是为了保持健康，故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在最近的一篇帖子中，她打算举起165磅。A. sets out(怀着目标)开始，着手工作；B. comes back回来；C. goes away离开，消失；D. shows off炫耀。根据下文“She only weighs 55 pounds, ____7____ to lifting three times her own weight.”可知，她的目标是举起165磅。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的体重只有55磅，她决心要举起三倍于自己体重的东西。A. opposed反对；B. accustomed使习惯；C. adapted适应；D. committed承诺，保证。根据下文“Focused and fierce, she steps on the mat.”可知，她下定决心（承诺）要举起165磅，故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐响起，Arshia变得兴奋起来。A. tournament锦标赛；B. music音乐；C. schedule日程安排；D. project项目。根据下文“A pleasing tune plays and Arshia takes a breath.”可知，是音乐响起，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她紧紧握住杠铃，举起了165磅的杠铃。A. randomly随便地；B. easily容易地；C. freely自由地；D. tightly紧紧的。根据下文“raises 165 pounds off the ground”和常识可知，举重时候应是紧紧抓住杠铃，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她赢得了举重界的尊重。A. respect尊重； B. doubt怀疑；C. experience经验；D. access入口。根据上文“The video was titled “The youngest and strongest Indian” and people were impressed.”可知，她成功举起了165磅的杠铃，赢得了举重界的尊重，故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个人担心她的健康：“这让人印象深刻，但请保持冷静。她的脸变红了，这意味着压力太大了。”A. education教育；B. talent天才；C. health健康；D. development发展。根据下文“That’s impressive but stay calm. Her face turned red and it meant too much pressure.”可知，这个人担心她的健康。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“对于那个年龄来说，这是不可思议的技术。大多数人在这项运动中好多年才掌握这种技巧。”A. efficient效率高的；B. modern现代的；C. reliable可靠的；D. incredible不可思议的。根据下文“for that age”和前文她的举重经历可知，对于她这个年龄能举起那么重的杠铃是不可思议的，故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. stage阶段；B. game运动；C. life生活；D. story故事。根据上文“Most people don’t have that kind of technique”和前文说的是她举重，可知是举重这项运动，故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析和固定短语。句意：Arshia如此年轻和如此强大的事实引起她的追随者的注意。A. lost失去的；B. based有根基的；C. dependent依赖的；D. passed已经通过的。根据下文“A lot of people ____15____ her and said, “Unbelievable work! It taught us that everything is possible.””可知是引起追随者的注意，be lost on意为“未被某人理解或者注意”，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多人称赞她说：“令人难以置信的工作!它告诉我们一切皆有可能。”A. remembered记住；B. believed相信；C. praised赞扬；D. welcomed欢迎。根据下文“Unbelievable work! It taught us that everything is possible.”可知，是赞扬的话，故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese scientists have found a new plant species of Oreocharis (马铃苣苔属) in southwest China’s Yunnan Province, according to the Chengdu Institute of Biology (CIB) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The findings, made by researchers from the CIB and Guangxi Institute of Botany of the CAS, ____36____ (publish) recently in the journal Ecology and Evolution. During a field ____37____ (investigate) on an oak community, the researchers found an unidentified specias of Oreocharis in Ninglan g County, Yunnan. By comparing the plant with several ____38____ (know) Oreocharis species, the researchers have confirmed it is a new species ____39____ has many unique characteristics. The new species was named Oreocharis oriolus (黄鹂属) ____40____ the lively bird oriole, as its bright yellow flowers resemble the ____41____ (bird) feather color. After extensive research on vegetation cover, the researchers found that the new species has a narrow distribution, ____42____ (grow) in limestone (石灰岩) cracks in an area of two square ____43____ (kilometer). This new species is currently listed as ____44____ (critical) endangered by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. According to the researchers, ____45____ discovery of the plant species has further enriched diversity of Oreocharis in China, and has positive significance for the biogeography of the Hengduan Mountains in southwest China. 【答案】36. have been published##were published 37. investigation 38. known 39. that##which 40. after 41. bird’s 42. growing 43. kilometers 44. critically 45. the 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家在中国西南部的云南省发现了一种新的植物物种和其积极意义。 【36题详解】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这一发现是由中国科学院广西植物研究所和中国科学院广西植物研究所的研究人员共同完成的，最近发表在《生态与进化》杂志上。分析句式可知，这个句子的主语是 findings，它和 publish构成了逻辑上的被动关系。再根据本空后的时间状语 recently可知，此处应该用现在完成时的被动语态或一般过去时的被动语态。故填have been published/were published。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：在对云南宁蒗县的一个橡树群落进行实地调查时，研究人员发现了一种身份不明的马铃苣苔属。根据空格前的field可知，此处用提示词的名词形式构成固定短语field investigation，在本句中意为“野外调查”。故填investigation。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：通过与几个已知的马铃苣苔属物种进行比较，研究人员证实了它是一个具有许多独特特征的新物种。根据名词species可知，此处应该用形容词known作定语修饰名词species表示“已知的”物种。故填known。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处是定语从句，先行词species指代物，关系词在定语从句中充当主语，所以此处要用 that或 which引导这个定语从句。故填that/ which。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：这个新物种被命名为黄鹂属，以活泼的鸟类黄鹂命名，因为它明亮的黄色花朵与这种鸟的羽毛颜色相似。根据上文的named可知，此处用介词after构成固定短语name sb/sth after sb/sth，意为“以某人/某物的名字给某人/某物命名”。故填after。 【41题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：同上。因为此处表所属关系，所以要填名词所有格bird’s。故填bird’s。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：经过对植被覆盖的广泛研究，研究人员发现，新物种的分布范围很窄，生长在2平方公里的石灰岩(石灰岩)裂缝中。此处用非谓语动词作状语，又因为grow和the new species构成了逻辑上的主动关系，所以此处要用现在分词growing来充当状语。故填growing。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。提示词kilometer是可数名词，再根据本空前的two square可知，此处要填提示词的复数形式kilometers。故填kilometers。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：这种新物种目前被世界自然保护联盟列为极度濒危物种。根据下文endangered可知，此处要用提示词的副词critically修饰形容词endangered。故填critically。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：研究人员认为，该植物物种的发现进一步丰富了中国桔梗属植物的多样性，对中国西南横断山区的生物地理研究具有积极意义。因为上文“Chinese scientists have found a new plant species(中国科学家发现了一种新的植物物种)”提到过最新发现，再次提到需要特指，所以此处用the discovery特指科学家们最近发现的新物种。故填the。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分 15分） 46. 假定你是李华，学校最近组织你们参观了当地的一家科技公司。请你给外国网友 Lily写一封邮件，和她分享此次经历，内容包括： 1.介绍该公司； 2.参观过程； 3.你的收获。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Lily, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Lily, Our school recently organized a visit to a local technology company. The company, named Xinhui Green Technology, specializes in sustainable energy solutions. Established in2005, it has grown to become a leader in renewable energy technology. Our visit began with a warm welcome from the staff, followed by a guided tour of their facilities. We were amazed by their research lab and the devotion of their team. They showed several of their innovative products, which were both eco-friendly and technologically advanced. From the visit, I gained a deeper understanding of the importance of sustainability and the role technology plays in shaping our future. It has inspired me to consider a career in this field and to think more about how I can contribute to a greener world. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国网友 Lily写一封邮件，和她分享你最近参观当地一家科技公司的经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 最近：recently→lately 建立：establish→found 吃惊的：amazed→surprised 获得：gain→attain 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The company, named Xinhui Green Technology, specializes in sustainable energy solutions.  拓展句：The company, which is named Xinhui Green Technology, specializes in sustainable energy solutions.  【点睛】【高分句型1】They showed several of their innovative products, which were both eco-friendly and technologically advanced.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句） 【高分句型2】It has inspired me to consider a career in this field and to think more about how I can contribute to a greener world.（运用了how引导的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A group of poor people live in a village of Africa. The people there relied on corn farming for their livelihood. However, the harsh natural conditions often resulted in poor harvests. Droughts were the biggest challenge, while sudden downpours during the rainy season would flood the fields. Despite these difficulties, there was a young boy in the village named Steven who had a deep love for science. He dreamed of using knowledge to change the fate of his community. From a young age, the boy was fascinated by the wonders of science. He spent his days exploring the world around him, eager to know its mysteries. While other children played in the fields, he could be found conducting “experiments” and thinking about his future under the shade of a tree. He wanted to develop a dam to store rainwater and then pump (用泵抽运) the water from the dam to water the corn when there would be a drought. But to build the dam was a big problem. His passion tor learning was undeniable, but his father, a traditionalist who valued hard work above all else, did not understand or support his son’s ambition at first. To him, the only real way to help the family was through manual labor on the farm. Despite his father’s disapproval, Steven remained determined in his pursuit of knowledge. Steven believed that education held the key to a better future, not just for himself but for the entire village. Seeing his son’s firm determination, the father changed his mind. The father realized that perhaps there was more to life than working in the fields. With a heavy heart, he emptied his savings to send Steven to school, hoping that one day his son would make his own dream come true. Years passed, and Steven tirelessly worked on his studies. His efforts paid off when he graduated with top honors from university. Armed with a wealth of knowledge and a burning desire to make a difference, he returned to his village with a mission. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Upon returning to the village, Steven immediately started to solve the problem. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After knowing the project, all the villagers joined in the construction of the dam. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Upon returning to the village, Steven immediately started to solve the problem. He gathered the villagers and presented his innovative plan to construct a multifunctional dam, which could conserve rainwater as well as provide a reliable water source during periods of drought. Although some villagers were initially skeptical, Steven’s enthusiasm and determination convinced them of the project’s importance. Meanwhile, he organized a team to create a detailed proposal and budget for the dam construction, which they planned to submit to the local government for funding and support. After knowing the project, all the villagers joined in the construction of the dam. Everyone generously contributed their time, labor, and resources to ensure the success of the dam project. The villagers worked tirelessly, devoting themselves to the construction of the dam. Within just a few months, their efforts bore fruit and the dam was completed. The dam not only successfully saved the rain water but also could pump water to irrigate the field during the dry season. With the toughest problem solved, both Steven and the villagers saw their wish come true. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索，文章主要介绍了非洲一个贫困村庄的男孩Steven，面对恶劣的自然条件和落后的生计方式，他凭借对科学的热爱和不懈追求，通过教育获得知识，最终希望用这些知识改变家乡命运的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写 由第一段首句“回到村子后，史蒂文立即开始解决问题。”可知，本段可描写Steven提出建多功能水坝计划，获村民支持，并筹备提案求政府资助。 由第二段首句“得知这个项目后，所有村民都参与了大坝的建设。”可知，本段可描写村民齐心建坝成功，蓄水灌溉解旱情，梦想成真。 2.续写线索：回到村子解决问题——提出修建水坝的建议——得到村民的支持——请求政府的资助——齐心协力修建大坝——大坝完工——取得成效 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①介绍他的创新计划：present his innovative plan/introduce his creative proposal ②保存雨水：conserve rainwater/preserve rainwater ③使某人相信……：convince sb. of/persuade sb. of 情绪类 ①怀疑的：skeptical/doubtful ②不知疲倦地：tirelessly/inexhaustibly 【点睛】【高分句型1】He gathered the villagers and presented his innovative plan to construct a multifunctional dam, which could conserve rainwater as well as provide a reliable water source during periods of drought.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Meanwhile, he organized a team to create a detailed proposal and budget for the dam construction, which they planned to submit to the local government for funding and support.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句） 1—5 BBCCA 6—10 BCCAC 11—15 BAACB 16—20 BCABA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 湖南省高三年级入学考试 英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt？ A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9. 15. 答案是 C。 1. What happened to the woman？ A. She avoided the bad weather. B. She didn’t get back in time. C. She decided to visit the man 14 days later. 2. What do we know about Anne？ A. She has waited for the speakers three times. B. It’s the third time she has shown up late. C. She will drive 50 miles to meet the speakers. 3. What does the woman think of the man’s idea？ A. Interesting. B. Exciting. C. Unreasonable. 4. How much should other people pay for the bed？ A.500 yuan. B. 750 yuan. C. 1,000 yuan. 5. Who telephoned the man？ A. Mr. Brown. B. Mr. White. C. Miss Grey. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？ A. Father and daughter. B. Operator and patient. C. Mother and son. 7. When will the man arrive at the doctor’s？ A. At 3 00 pm. B. At 4:00 pm. C. At 5:00 pm. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the man come to the company？ A. To meet a client. B. To meet a friend. C. To have a job interview. 9. Who will show the man around？ A. Shelly. B. Sarah. C. Mr. Johnson. 10. How will the man get the result？ A. By reading an email sent by the company. B. By checking the company’s web himself. C. By receiving a call from the company. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What does the woman ask the man to do？ A. Call a taxi for her. B. Take good care of the house. C. See some new designs with her. 12 What is the weather probably like in Italy now？ A. Sunny and warm. B. Windy and dry. C. Rainy and cool. 13. Why will the woman go to Italy？ A. To go on a business trip. B. To show her works. C. To spend a holiday. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What will Kate do next week？ A. Buy a motorbike. B. Buy a new car. C. Have her eighteenth birthday. 15. What does Kate want to learn？ A. Singing. B. Car driving. C. Motorbike driving. 16. Who is Linda？ A. The man’s daughter. B. Kate’s classmate. C. Kate’s mom. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What did the man do every day？ A. He built his house. B. He drank from the river. C. He walked through the forest. 18. What bothered the man that night？ A. Nothing in his house could stop his thirst. B. He felt hungry and ate everything he had. C. His neighbour came to visit him. 19. What did the man receive from the neighbour？ A Bread. B. Beer. C. Fruit. 20. What can we learn from the story？ A. The key may lie where we initially ignored it. B. Stepping outside can lead to unexpected success. C. The opportunity exists in the choices you make. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Your Harvard Summer School Experience Harvard Summer School offers more than 400 courses for college students in more than60 different subject areas. Our open- enrollment courses are offered in a variety of adaptable formats, so you can find the option that works best with your busy schedule. In our classrooms — whether in person or online — you’ll find: · Harvard faculty and industry experts dedicated to helping you expand your skills and sparking intellectual curiosity ·A rigorous learning environment filled with rich interactions · An intensive curriculum designed to be completed in a shorter summer session than a fall or a spring term · An international network of peers like you — driven, curious, and committed to growth · Access to Harvard’s famous libraries, museums, and computer labs Details: Non- credit courses: They provide an opportunity for personal growth without the need to earn credits. These flexible courses cater to diverse interests and schedules. They allow learners to explore new subjects without formal assessments. Their durations are variable, ranging from 4 weeks to 6 weeks. 4-credit courses: These courses are condensed into a more focused time frame, typically running for about 4 weeks. They are designed for students who want to complete a course well and quickly. 6-credit courses: They are structured to last for approximately 6 weeks, offering a more extended learning period that allows for a deeper exploration of the subject matter. 8-credit courses: These are the most comprehensive options, usually extending over an 8- week period. They are ideal for students seeking an in- depth study experience, covering a wider range of topics or allowing for a more thorough examination of a particular field. 1. What does Harvard Summer School feature? A. Long duration. B. Busy schedules. C. Flexible arrangements. D. Competitive environment. 2. What can the students do after joining Harvard Summer School? A. Skip a fall term. B. Work in famous libraries. C. Make friends with experts. D. Meet like-minded people. 3. Which courses are the best for the students focusing on efficiency? A. Non-credit courses. B. 4-credit courses. C. 6-credit courses. D. 8-credit courses. B I enjoyed being in nature. Visiting nearby natural places made me feel better when living alone in Rio de Janeiro. To find different communities that had unique relationships with nature, I moved to Manaus in the Amazon Rainforest to feel the energy of the forest and see the local people’s integration with the forest. I discovered we can have many relationships with nature that aren’t always detrimental to those places. They took care of the land and cultivated these gardens filled with fruits and nuts we loved eating without harming the forest. I think many people unaware of how the local communities have shaped a “completely” natural space. The Amazon Rainforest is not just created by natural processes. Doing research in the field could be a big challenge. We often went to really isolated places when doing field work in the Amazon Rainforest. We were aware that if anything happened to us, we could die. If a venomous snake were to bite you out there, you would be in a dangerous situation. We needed to manage those feelings while doing our work and collecting data. I worked on an article about how we could engage native knowledge in conservation science. We had held small meetings with five native researchers, talking about how they viewed the Amazon Rainforest and trying to understand how we could maintain the Amazon Rainforest in the future. These conversations led me to start reflecting on how we did science. I submitted our paper to two other scientific journals before it was accepted. At the time, I didn’t feel that the article was good enough to be published in a major scientific journal like Science. I tried other journals and was rejected immediately. My coauthors and supervisors said that we had nothing to lose by submitting it to Science. We tried again and they accepted it. That experience has showed me that we need to commit ourselves to what we think we should do. We cannot give up when it comes to science. We need determination. 4. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Similar. B. Relevant. C. Harmful. D. Beneficial. 5. What impressed the author most about Manaus? A. The locals’ care for nature. B. The change of natural processes. C. The local communities’ relationships. D The situation of the Amazon Rainforest. 6. Which of the following can best describe the author’s field work? A. Tiring. B. Risky. C. Costly. D. Demanding. 7. Why does the author mention the experience of submitting the paper? A. To reveal backgrounds. B. To establish credibility. C. To highlight challenges. D. To demonstrate resolve. C Solar eclipses (日食) happen when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun. These events are always spectacular. But total solar eclipses are extra special. One such eclipse was visible across large parts of North America on April 8, 2024. During that time, sky watchers felt surprised at the view. They also took part in scientific research. The eclipse was a piece of exciting news for solar science. On April 8, the Sun neared its most active phase when the Sun gave off more radiation and a lot of charged particles from its surface. Such solar storms threatened satellites orbiting the Earth. They even disrupted power grids on the ground. These are what the science pros found. “Luckily, researchers now have more scientific instruments to study our star than ever before,” said Kelly Korreck, who is an astrophysicist. “This provides a unique chance to learn about the Sun and its effects on our planet and its atmosphere.” But science pros aren’t the only ones getting in on the fun. Citizen scientists are members of the public who help gather observations and analyze them. “There is a lot of emphasis on citizen science and having folks do solar science projects,” Korreck said. Scientists hoped to recruit as many phones as possible, which would spread out over the 2,000- mile- long and 100- mile- wide path of the April 2024 eclipse. Korreck said, “That will offer views of the solar shape from a very large number of vantage points. And it’s up to citizen scientists to do it.” Citizen scientists were able to take part without interrupting their view of the eclipse. They just started an app on their phone and propped it up facing the Sun at least five minutes before the Moon passed in front of the Sun. The app handled the rest. They could get to keep copies of the pictures as a souvenir. “That was a good chance for citizen scientists to contribute to eclipse research,” Korreck said. That’s true whether they set up a camera or installed an app. 8. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. The total solar eclipse was visible in the entire America. B. The total solar eclipse has some impact on the Earth. C. The Earth gives off more radiation during solar eclipses. D. Sky watchers contributed a lot to scientific research. 9. What did Korreck think of citizen scientists? A. They are enthusiastic. B. They are creative. C. They are optimistic. D. They are essential. 10. What did the scientists want to get from citizen scientists during the total solar eclipse? A. Useful points about the total solar eclipse. B. As many phones as possible with apps installed. C. Observations of the total solar eclipse from different angles. D. More scientific instruments to help observe solar eclipses. 11. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. What citizen scientists got from the eclipse research. B. How citizen scientists got involved in the eclipse research. C. How much time citizen scientists spent in taking pictures. D. Why the total solar eclipse was a good chance for the scientists. D A wearable health monitor developed by Washington State University researchers can reliably measure levels of important biochemicals in sweat during physical exercise. The 3D- printed monitor could someday provide a simple and non- invasive (无创的) way to track health conditions and diagnose common diseases, such as diabetes, kidney disease or heart disease. Reporting in the journal, ACS Sensors, the researchers were able to accurately monitor the levels of volunteers’ glucose (葡萄糖) and uric acid (尿酸). “Diabetes is a major problem worldwide,” said Chuchu Chen, the first author of the paper. “I think 3D printing can make a difference to the healthcare fields, and I wanted to see if we can combine 3D printing with disease detection methods to create a device like this.” For their new health monitor, the researchers used 3D printing to make the health monitors in a unique, one- step manufacturing process. The researchers used a single- atom catalyst and enzymatic reactions to enhance the signal and measure low levels of the biomarkers. Three biosensors on the monitor change color to indicate the specific biochemical levels. Sweat contains many important chemicals that can indicate health conditions, but, unlike blood sampling, it’s non- invasive. Levels of uric acid in sweat can indicate the risk of developing kidney disease or heart disease. Glucose levels are used to monitor diabetes. But the amount of these chemicals in sweat is tiny and can be hard to measure, the researchers noted. While other sweat sensors (传感器) have been developed, they are complex and need specialized equipment and expertise to make. When the researchers compared the new monitors on volunteers’ arms to lab results, they found that their monitor was accurately and reliably measuring the concentration of the chemicals. The researchers are now working to further improve the device design and validation. They are also hoping to commercialize the technology. 12. What does Chuchu Chen stress? A. The application of 3D printing in real life. B. The way to make 3D printing develop quickly. C. The integration of 3D printing and medical technology. D. The change in people’s health caused by 3D printing. 13. What can we know about sweat from the text? A. The chemicals in it can reflect health conditions. B. Using it to monitor different diseases is invasive. C. It contains some chemicals that cause heart disease. D. The researchers find it difficult to measure its amount. 14. What is the advantage of the health monitor over other sweat sensors? A. It’s easier to operate. B. It’s more specialized. C. It’s more commonly used. D. It’s more environmentally friendly. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. 3D printing is used to monitor diseases B. Sweat can help treat some common diseases C. Blood sampling isn’t as accurate as sweat monitoring D. A sweat health monitor measures levels of disease markers 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 During the summer, a lot of people enjoy traveling, vacationing, and taking outdoor adventures when the weather is warm and comfortable. If you’re somewhere new or unfamiliar, it’s always good to get a proper idea of your surroundings. ____16____ The next time you are out exploring with your friends or family, keep an eye out for purple fence posts. Knowing about purple paint laws can help you stay on the right path when driving or hiking in an unfamiliar place. The laws vary from state to state, but generally, a purple fence means no trespassing (擅自进入). While property owners may still choose to use “No Trespassing” signs, the signs are likely to be damaged or worn out over time. ____17____ It can also be easily applied to different land markers. In addition to purple fence posts, you might even see purple trees. This practice is particularly useful in rural areas where property lines can be vast and not always clearly defined. The distinct color serves as a universal sign of private property, easily recognizable even from a distance. ____18____. It is a color that stands out against the natural landscape, reducing the likelihood of accidental trespassing. ____19____ It’s important to note that only about half of the states have regulations specifically regarding purple fence laws. Here are a few tips to get you started. Before you begin painting, ensure you have the right materials and understand the specific requirements for the application. Any paint will work if you’ re using it on a fence, but use late x or spray paint for trees. ____20____ Correct application not only obeys the law, but also serves as a clear and effective warning against trespassing. A. It may be full of danger. B. As you know, safety always comes first. C. Moreover, the use of purple is advantageous. D. A coat of purple paint has lasting effect, though. E. The color purple is the favourite of some people. F. To paint your fence purple familiarize yourself with the local laws. G. Make sure your paint is clearly visible and marks the correct boundary. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Seeing kids doing amazing things, you have to stop. When we tell you a 9- year- old Indian weightlifter, Arshia Goswami, made us do a double take, we aren’t ____21____. Arshia, a(n) ____22____ in the weightlifting world, has been doing this since she was 6 years old. She has ____23____ weightlifting achievements that many adults couldn’t dream of doing. Arshia ____24____ her life online, inspiring other children and adults to get into the gym and get ____25____. In a recent post, she ____26____ to lift 165 pounds. She only weighs 55 pounds, ____27____ to lifting three times her own weight. Focused and fierce, she steps on the mat. The ____28____ starts, and Arshia gets excited. A pleasing tune plays and Arshia takes a breath. She holds the barbell (杠铃) ____29____, and raises 165 pounds off the ground. The video was titled “The youngest and strongest Indian” and people were impressed. She gained _____30_____ from the weightlifting community. One person commented, “It took me years to attempt that weight in my teens.” Another person was concerned about her _____31_____: “That’s impressive but stay calm. Her face turned red and it meant too much pressure.” But most people were amazed. “That’s _____32_____ technique for that age. Most people don’t have that kind of technique until years in the _____33_____,” someone else wrote. The fact that Arshia is so young and so strong was not _____34_____ on her followers. A lot of people _____35_____ her and said, “Unbelievable work! It taught us that everything is possible.” 21. A. hesitating B. kidding C. complaining D. responding 22. A. teacher B. judge C. professional D. audience 23. A. spread B. reported C. attained D. collected 24. A. records B. plans C. changes D. arranges 25. A. known B. fit C. connected D. sincere 26. A. sets out B. comes back C. goes away D. shows off 27. A. opposed B. accustomed C. adapted D. committed 28. A. tournament B. music C. schedule D. project 29. A. randomly B. easily C. freely D. tightly 30. A. respect B. doubt C. experience D. access 31. A. education B. talent C. health D. development 32. A. efficient B. modern C. reliable D. incredible 33. A. stage B. game C. life D. story 34. A. lost B. based C. dependent D. passed 35. A. remembered B. believed C. praised D. welcomed 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese scientists have found a new plant species of Oreocharis (马铃苣苔属) in southwest China’s Yunnan Province, according to the Chengdu Institute of Biology (CIB) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The findings, made by researchers from the CIB and Guangxi Institute of Botany of the CAS, ____36____ (publish) recently in the journal Ecology and Evolution. During a field ____37____ (investigate) on an oak community, the researchers found an unidentified specias of Oreocharis in Ninglan g County, Yunnan. By comparing the plant with several ____38____ (know) Oreocharis species, the researchers have confirmed it is a new species ____39____ has many unique characteristics. The new species was named Oreocharis oriolus (黄鹂属) ____40____ the lively bird oriole, as its bright yellow flowers resemble the ____41____ (bird) feather color. After extensive research on vegetation cover, the researchers found that the new species has a narrow distribution, ____42____ (grow) in limestone (石灰岩) cracks in an area of two square ____43____ (kilometer). This new species is currently listed as ____44____ (critical) endangered by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. According to the researchers, ____45____ discovery of the plant species has further enriched diversity of Oreocharis in China, and has positive significance for the biogeography of the Hengduan Mountains in southwest China. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分 15分） 46. 假定你是李华，学校最近组织你们参观了当地的一家科技公司。请你给外国网友 Lily写一封邮件，和她分享此次经历，内容包括： 1.介绍该公司； 2.参观过程； 3.你的收获。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Lily, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A group of poor people live in a village of Africa. The people there relied on corn farming for their livelihood. However, the harsh natural conditions often resulted in poor harvests. Droughts were the biggest challenge, while sudden downpours during the rainy season would flood the fields. Despite these difficulties, there was a young boy in the village named Steven who had a deep love for science. He dreamed of using knowledge to change the fate of his community. From a young age, the boy was fascinated by the wonders of science. He spent his days exploring the world around him, eager to know its mysteries. While other children played in the fields, he could be found conducting “experiments” and thinking about his future under the shade of a tree. He wanted to develop a dam to store rainwater and then pump (用泵抽运) the water from the dam to water the corn when there would be a drought. But to build the dam was a big problem. His passion tor learning was undeniable, but his father, a traditionalist who valued hard work above all else, did not understand or support his son’s ambition at first. To him, the only real way to help the family was through manual labor on the farm. Despite his father’s disapproval, Steven remained determined in his pursuit of knowledge. Steven believed that education held the key to a better future, not just for himself but for the entire village. Seeing his son’s firm determination, the father changed his mind. The father realized that perhaps there was more to life than working in the fields. With a heavy heart, he emptied his savings to send Steven to school, hoping that one day his son would make his own dream come true. Years passed, and Steven tirelessly worked on his studies. His efforts paid off when he graduated with top honors from university. Armed with a wealth of knowledge and a burning desire to make a difference, he returned to his village with a mission. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Upon returning to the village Steven immediately started to solve the problem. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After knowing the project, all the villagers joined in the construction of the dam. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1—5 BBCCA 6—10 BCCAC 11—15 BAACB 16—20 BCABA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$