精品解析：湖南省名校联考联合体2025届高三上学期第一次联考（暨入学检测）英语试题

null 名校联考联合体2025届高三第一次联考 （暨入学检测） 英语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How will the woman go to town? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By bicycle. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: How are you going to town, Sue? By bicycle? W: No. I had thought I’d take a bus but then I decided to walk with my friends. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man mean? A. The snow is unexpected. B. He drove without difficulty. C. It seldom snows in Newport. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Did you have any trouble driving through the snow, Mr. Brown? M: A little. It’s really cold today, isn’t it? It doesn’t usually snow so early here in Newport. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the time now? A. 7: 45. B. 7: 55. C. 8: 15. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hurry up, Mary. The play begins at 8:15. W: So we still have twenty minutes. M: But I don’t think we can get to the theater in twenty minutes. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman think of the trip? A. Exciting. B. Challenging. C. Not interesting. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Are you looking forward to your trip to Hawaii? W: Not really. If I had my way, I'd stay and get some sleep, but everyone else in my family wants to go. M: Oh, I'm sure you won't regret it when you get there. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the two speakers? A. In West Street. B. In South Street. C. At the railway station. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Excuse me. Where is the railway station, please? M: Well, go along South Street, turn left at the traffic lights and walk along West Street for about five minutes. You can’t miss it. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What did the man do? A. He held an exhibition. B. He visited an exhibition. C. He worked for an exhibition. 7. What kind of museum are the speakers talking about? A. An art museum. B. A natural history museum. C. A transport museum. 【答案】6. B 7. C 【解析】 【原文】M: It was one of the most interesting exhibitions I’ve ever seen. W: I couldn’t agree more. M: Well, those early vehicles didn’t have a roof, so you had to protect yourself. Even the first buses were open-top and, come to think of it, so were the first trains. W: I suppose you must have been able to enjoy the scenery, though, and going so slowly probably meant you had a good view of everything! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why does the woman phone the man? A. To find out whether he is busy. B. To invite him to join in their activity. C. To ask about his plan for the weekend. 9. When will the woman’s group start out? A. On Sunday evening. B. On Friday morning. C. On Friday afternoon. 10. What needn’t the man take with him? A. A tent. B. Clothes. C. A sleeping bag. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Hello, Peter speaking. W: Hello, Peter. This is Jane. I wonder whether you will be busy this weekend. A group of us have decided to go camping in the country. Would you like to join us? We will leave after work on Friday and return early on Sunday evening. M: That sounds fun. When are you meeting? W: Well, we’re meeting at 5:30 at the gate of the park. I’m taking my things to work with me on Friday morning. Do you think you can manage to be there then? M: Yes, of course. W: We’re taking clothes for a couple of days, small tents and sleeping bags. You don’t have to worry about finding a tent though, if you haven’t got one, as Jim has a spare one. We haven’t decided about food yet. I’ll let you know about that later. M: Fine. Thanks for the invitation. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. According to the woman, what helps to make a good first impression in a job interview? A One's look. B. One's voice. C. One's attitude. 12. Which of the following is the man's advice? A. Be active. B. Be careful. C. Be honest. 13. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. In a classroom. C. In an interview room. 【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Is this the class on preparing for interviews? M: Yes, this is the right place. Come in, please. W: I am so happy I've found this class because I'm really nervous about my interview tomorrow. M: Okay. When we go into an interview, what do you think our first consideration should be? W: I think that our looks are probably the first thing an interviewer judges us by. M: Yes, but friendliness and a good attitude are also very important. W: Yes, and they help establish a friendly tone for the rest of the interview. M: And the interviewers are always interested in what you ask them about their company. W: What else should I think about? M: Be yourself and be honest. Simply answer the questions put to you. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What is the man doing? A. Selling books. B. Buying books. C. Reading books. 15. What is the book Today’s World about? A. Writing. B. Fashion. C. Science. 16. How much will the woman pay for the book she wants to buy? A. 7 dollars. B. 14 dollars. C. 23 dollars. 17. Why doesn’t the woman want to buy the other books? A. She thinks they are expensive. B. She knows they are old books. C. She is afraid they will be useless. 【答案】14. A 15. C 16. A 17. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Hey, Sis. Are you interested in buying some used books for school? You can really save some money that way. W: Well, what do you have? M: Well, let's see. I have a science book called Today’s World, and I’m selling it for thirty dollars. W: Thirty? That’s a little expensive for an old book like that. M: Maybe so, but I bought it for sixty. Plus, I wrote a lot of notes in the book that should help you with the class, if you could read my writing. W: What else are you selling? M: Okay, I have an English writing textbook for fourteen dollars, a math book for twenty-three, and a novel for only seven dollars. W: Uh, hmmm. M: It’s up to you. You know, these things go fast. W: Okay, I’ll take the novel. I think I’d better not buy the other books for now. Teachers are always changing their minds about textbooks. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. Where can you go along the walkways? A. To the main square. B. To Hardacre College. C. To different parts of the college. 19. What are the students expected to do? A. Design lecture rooms. B. Join in various student groups. C. Take the special lifts. 20. What is the speaker’s purpose? A. To offer help to disabled students. B. To introduce the student organizations. C. To attract students to Hardacre College. 【答案】18. C 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【原文】Hello, welcome to Hardacre College. The college campus is built around a main square. This is at the heart of the college with walkways leading to all the departments, the library, the dining hall and the sports hall. What about the work of the college? You can look forward to the latest design in laboratories and lecture rooms, all equipped with interactive video teaching boards. This means that you can be in one room watching and listening, and your lecturer can be teaching somewhere else. There are also excellent facilities for disabled students. And there is access for wheelchairs throughout the college at ground floor level, with special lifts to all floors at higher levels. All students are welcome and encouraged to participate in various student organizations, including performance media, athletic, academic, religious, cultural and political groups. With this full range of options, students can pursue existing passions or expand their horizons by trying something new. So whether you want to start studying or not, why don’t you come to Hardacre and see everything it has to offer? 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Flower-filled day trips from London Mottisfont. Hampshire Everything at Mottisfont is quite literally coming up roses. It is a world-famous rose garden that comes to life from June, with thousands of varieties on display, from pre-1900 old-fashioned blooms to delicate Chinese tea roses, so head there in summer to catch them in the act. Getting there: 2hr drive from London. Or 1hr 51min train from Waterloo to Mottisfont & Dunbridge station via Southampton. Charles Darwin’s Home, Down House, Kent Down House was once home to Charles Darwin. Darwin developed many of his groundbreaking ideas in his own back garden, also known as his ‘outdoor laboratory’. Some of Darwin’s most famous theories came from discoveries around the reproduction of plants, and you can even visit his beloved blue glasshouse. Getting there: 1hr 20min drive from London. Or 16min train from London Bridge to Orpington, then bus. Pashley Manor Gardens, East Sussex If you’re looking for a typical English country garden, look no further than Pashley. It holds special flower events through the seasons to celebrate whichever flower is in abundance. Stop in for its Tulip Festival in spring, Special Rose Week in June or Dahlia Days in late summer. Getting there: 1hr 30min drive from London. Or 1hr 15min train from Charing Cross to Etchingham station then taxi. Sissinghurst Castle Garden The gardens at Sissinghurst, planted by poet Vita Sackville. West way back when, are the stuff of poetry. Quite literally. The gardens are arranged by colour: the cottage garden in reds and yellows, the purple border with its mix of blues and pinks and the white garden with gladioli, dahlias and anemones in — you guessed it — white. Getting there: 1hr 30min drive from London. Or 1hr train from Charing Cross to Staplehurst, then bus. 21. How is Mottisfont different from the other three gardens? A. It is very old. B. It is owned by a Chinese. C. There are roses on display. D. It takes more time to get there. 22. Which would you choose for a visit if you are a science lover? A. Mottisfont. B. Down House. C. Pashley Manor Gardens. D. Sissinghurst Castle Garden. 23. What is the feature of Sissinghurst Castle Garden? A. It changes with seasons. B. It is full of colourful plants. C. It is divided by different colours. D. It is a mix of different flowers. 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个从伦敦出发的鲜花一日游景点。 21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一部分“Getting there: 2hr drive from London. Or 1hr 51min train from Waterloo to Mottisfont & Dunbridge station via Southampton.(交通：从伦敦开车2小时。或者乘坐1小时51分钟的火车从滑铁卢经南安普敦到莫蒂斯方特和邓布里奇站)”第二部分“Getting there: 1hr 20min drive from London. Or 16min train from London Bridge to Orpington, then bus.(交通：从伦敦开车1小时20分钟。或者从伦敦桥坐16分钟的火车到奥平顿，然后坐公共汽车)”；第三部分“Getting there: 1hr 30min drive from London. Or 1hr 15min train from Charing Cross to Etchingham station, then taxi.(交通：从伦敦开车1小时30分钟。或者从查令十字车站坐1小时15分钟的火车到埃钦厄姆车站，然后打车)”以及第四部分“Getting there: 1hr 30min drive from London. Or 1hr train from Charing Cross to Staplehurst, then bus.(交通：从伦敦开车1小时30分钟。或者从查令十字车站坐1小时的火车到斯台普赫斯特，然后再坐公共汽车)”可知，莫提丰特与其他三个花园的不同在于到那里要花更多的时间。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Down House was once home to Charles Darwin. Darwin developed many of his groundbreaking ideas in his own back garden, also known as his ‘outdoor laboratory’. Some of Darwin’s most famous theories came from discoveries around the reproduction of plants, and you can even visit his beloved blue glasshouse.(唐宫曾经是查尔斯·达尔文的家。达尔文在他自己的后花园中提出了许多开创性的想法，也被称为他的“户外实验室”。达尔文的一些最著名的理论来自于对植物繁殖的发现，你甚至可以参观他心爱的蓝色温室)”可知，如果你是一个科学爱好者，你会选择Down House。故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一部分“The gardens are arranged by colour: the cottage garden in reds and yellows, the purple border with its mix of blues and pinks and the white garden with gladioli, dahlias and anemones in — you guessed it — white.(花园是按颜色排列的：农舍花园是红色和黄色的，紫色的边缘是蓝色和粉红色的混合，白色的花园是剑兰、大丽花和海葵——你猜对了——白色的)”可知，西辛赫斯特城堡花园的特色是被不同的颜色划分。故选C。 B I’m interested in the Renaissance (文艺复兴), so I like visiting ancient Italian cities. Ferrara is called City of the Renaissance. When I learned about this city on the Internet, I decided to pay a visit to it. The city has a certain charm, but I find it isn’t as great as other Italian cities like Verona, let alone Venice or Rome. The Michelin Green Guide gives it two stars, which is right. I first visited the city centre. The Cathedral and Castello Estense are at the heart of the city. Both have striking appearances. I visited the Cathedral first. Castello Estense is also worth visiting, which owes its name to the powerful Este family. It was built with bricks and surrounded by a moat (护城河). At the lower levels, the history of the city and the Este family are told through displays, and in another part the ceilings are shown through mirrors on the ground. In the north, we can appreciate the Renaissance extension of the town, with straight streets and monumental houses. The famous Palazzo dei Diamanti lies here. When I was visiting it, it started to rain, so after taking a few photos quickly, I cut my visit there short. It had been raining for a few days. When the rain ceased, I went to visit the historical centre and the Renaissance buildings. After leaving there, I visited several other interesting places such as palaces and the narrow streets of the downtown. After four hours in Ferrara I left by train to Mantua. There I had a much better time. 24. Why did the author pay a visit to Ferrara? A Because it is related to the Renaissance. B. Because it is full of charm. C. Because it is a very famous city in Europe. D. Because it is strongly recommended by a website. 25. What did the author think of The Michelin Green Guide’s comment on Ferrara? A. Subjective. B. Reasonable. C. Unacceptable. D. Unbelievable. 26. How could Castello Estense probably get its name according to the text? A. It came from the historical buildings. B. It originated from the straight streets. C. It was named after the powerful Este family. D. It was connected to the surrounding moat. 27. What can we infer from the text? A. The writer thought Ferrara was as great as Venice. B. The writer visited Palazzo dei Diamanti for a long time. C. The writer was much more satisfied with the tour in Mantua than in Ferrara. D. The writer was disappointed with the visit to the Cathedral and Castello Estense. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者记录了自己游览意大利古城——Ferrara的经历。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m interested in the Renaissance (文艺复兴), so I like visiting ancient Italian cities. Ferrara is called City of the Renaissance. (我对文艺复兴感兴趣，所以我喜欢参观意大利古城。Ferrara被称为文艺复兴之城)”可知，作者对文艺复兴感兴趣，而Ferrara被称为文艺复兴之城，也就是Ferrara和文艺复兴有关，所以作者去这个地方参观，故选A。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The city has a certain charm, but I find it isn’t as great as other Italian cities like Verona, let alone Venice or Rome. The Michelin Green Guide gives it two stars, which is right.(这个城市有某种魅力，但我发现它并不像Verona这样的意大利城市那么伟大，更不用说Venice和Rome了。The Michelin Green Guide给它两颗星，这是正确的) ”可知，作者认为Ferrara比不上意大利的很多地方，在这旅行的体验不是太好，所以作者认为The Michelin Green Guide对Ferrara的评价是正确的，合理的，故选B。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Castello Estense is also worth visiting, which owes its name to the powerful Este family. (Castello Estense也值得一看，它的名字源于强大的埃斯特家族)”可知，Castello Estense是以强大的埃斯特家族命名的。故选C。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“After four hours in Ferrara I left by train to Mantua. There I had a much better time.(在Ferrara呆了四个小时后，我乘火车去了Mantua。在那里我度过了更好的时光)”可知，作者对在Mantua的旅行比在Ferrara的旅行更满意，故选C。 C Gait is the way in which you walk. Your personal gait can indicate a lot about your overall constitution. In fact, it’s one of your vital signs, along with body temperature and blood pressure. Gait analyses can indicate your likelihood of injury and the time you’ll be ready to continue an activity after an injury or surgery. A professional analysis can also indicate inefficiencies in your movement that, when addressed, can improve your running speed and even your golf swing. “Your gait isn’t something that can be corrected instantly,” said Dr. Bryan Heiderscheit, director of Badger Athletic Performance. “It’s not as simple as saying,” Walk differently. The best way to correct it is to focus on certain exercises. Health professionals analyze gait in different ways. Some analyses are as simple as having a trained professional watch you stand up from a seated position, walk a certain distance and return to your seat. The professional will measure the quality of your movement and the time it takes. More recently, artificial intelligence is also tracking people’s gaits. One example is OneStep, a digital health platform that health care professionals can use with their patients. The patients download the OneStep app to their phone, then put their phone in their pocket. The app continuously tracks their movement, which their health care providers can easily review. “We’re looking at gait speed, cadence the number of steps per minute — variability in gait speed and cadence, step length, the time both feet are spent on the ground and more,” said Stephanie Wakeman, OneStep’s director of clinical operations. One patient had been faithfully using OneStep. plus doing some exercises her physical therapist (治疗师) requested, when her therapist noticed her walking speed and exercise sessions suddenly declined, Wakeman said. The therapist reached out to make sure she was all right and discovered she was depressed following a close friend’s death. “So the physical therapist got her connected with someone to talk to about her grief,” Wakeman said. “He got her an intervention that she may not have had otherwise. That’s just one example of how this can help.” “Mobility is sort of the fountain of youth,” Wakeman said. “If we want to maintain a healthy, good quality of life, we have to be very concerned with our mobility.” 28. What is the main purpose of a gait analysis? A. To keep you healthy and happy. B. To assess and predict your health. C. To help you recover from an injury. D. To ensure you have no health problems. 29. What does Dr. Bryan Heiderscheit say about one’s gait being improved? A. It’s hardly possible. B. It’s an easy process. C. It takes time and effort. D. It requires careful preparation. 30. How did the physical therapist help his patient? A. By analyzing her gait. B. By seeking help for her. C. By giving her timely treatment. D. By increasing her walking speed. 31. What does the author highlight in the text? A. Gait is one of our vital signs. B. Gait indicates sports performances. C. Gait can be analyzed in different ways D. AI plays an important role in gait analyses. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了步态是一种生命体征，介绍了步态分析如何评估和预测健康以及有关步态的研究。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Gait analyses can indicate your likelihood of injury and the time you’ll be ready to continue an activity after an injury or surgery. A professional analysis can also indicate inefficiencies in your movement that, when addressed, can improve your running speed and even your golf swing.(步态分析可以表明你受伤的可能性，以及你在受伤或手术后准备继续活动的时间。一个专业的分析也可以指出你的运动效率低下，如果解决了，可以提高你的跑步速度，甚至你的高尔夫挥杆)”可知，步态分析的主要目的是评估和预测你的健康。故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“‘Your gait isn’t something that can be corrected instantly,’ said Dr. Bryan Heiderscheit, director of Badger Athletic Performance. ‘It’s not as simple as saying,’ Walk differently. The best way to correct it is to focus on certain exercises. (‘你的步态不是可以立即纠正的，’Badger运动表现主任布莱恩·海德沙伊特博士说。这并不是说‘走不同的路’那么简单。纠正它的最好方法是专注于某些练习。)”可知，Bryan Heiderscheit医生认为一个人的步态改善需要时间和精力。故选C。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“‘So the physical therapist got her connected with someone to talk to about her grief,’ Wakeman said. ‘He got her an intervention that she may not have had otherwise. That’s just one example of how this can help.’(韦克曼说：‘所以理疗师让她和别人联系起来，谈谈她的悲伤。’‘他让她得到了她本来可能得不到的干预。这只是它如何发挥作用的一个例子。’)”可知，物理治疗师通过寻求帮助来帮助他的病人。故选B。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Gait is the way in which you walk. Your personal gait can indicate a lot about your overall constitution. In fact, it’s one of your vital signs, along with body temperature and blood pressure.(步态是你走路的方式。你的个人步态可以在很大程度上反映你的整体体质。事实上，它是你的生命体征之一，与体温和血压一样)”结合文章主要说明了步态是一种生命体征，介绍了步态分析如何评估和预测健康以及有关步态的研究。可知，作者在文中强调步态是我们的生命体征之一。故选A。 D Love and encouragement from others can make us feel our best. But can they also help us perform our best? By taking advantage of a unique situation in the world of football, economist Patricio Dalton and his team were able to demonstrate that moral support significantly affects performance. Although moral support is such an important part of daily interaction, there's little scientific proof of the effect it has on behavior. Dalton addresses this gap in a new research paper, revealing that even in the football stadium — a competitive labor environment where high performance is rewarded with high pay — moral support matters. Demonstrating a cause-and-effect relationship between moral support and behavior is difficult, Dalton explains, because moral support isn't easily controlled in an experiment. “The major challenge lies in the fact that moral support is essentially endogenous (内生的) . People choose whether to supply or demand moral support, the extent of it, to whom to supply it and from whom to demand it. The paper addresses this challenge by taking advantage of an exogenous (外因的) negative shock on moral support caused by an unexpected change of law in the Argentinean football league.” Following an incident involving a football supporter's death, Argentina placed a ban that prohibited visiting team supporters from attending first division games. This provided the perfect conditions for a natural experiment, allowing the researchers to examine the impact of moral support on behavior in a real-world setting. Analyzing data from 1, 320 games played both before and after the ban, the researchers found that the probability of a visiting team losing a game increases by 20%, and the visiting team conceding (让得分) more goals than the home team rises by 1. 3 times. The researchers establish that the observed decline in performance is due to the absence of moral support. What's also striking is that smaller teams are most affected by the lack of moral support, while bigger teams experience decline in performance only when facing opponents with equal strength. This suggests that moral support makes up for the power imbalance between teams. The study reveals a strong influence of moral support and its significance in unlocking human potential. “If moral support can make such a big difference in the world of professional football, what could it do in regular workplaces?” Dalton says. 32. What does “a unique situation” underlined in paragraph 1 refer to? A. The death of a football supporter. B. The experiment on moral support. C. The performances of visiting teams. D. The ban on visiting team supporters. 33. How did the researchers examine the relationship between moral support and behavior? A. In a natural way. B. In an unusual way. C. By supplying moral support. D. By interviewing football supporters. 34. What does Dalton’s research reveal about moral support? A. It can make a difference in many areas of life. B. It keeps a balance between big football teams. C. The impact of lacking it varies from team to team. D. The absence of it makes no difference to a home team. 35. Which of the following best describes moral support? A. It makes one feel good. B. It’s a performance enhancer. C. It develops good relationships. D. It’s a cure for behavior problems. 【答案】32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是议论文。文章探讨了道德支持对表现的影响。 【32题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“Following an incident involving a football supporter's death, Argentina placed a ban that prohibited visiting team supporters from attending first division games.(在一名球迷死亡事件发生后，阿根廷颁布了一项禁令，禁止客队球迷观看甲级联赛的比赛。)”可知，画线句“By taking advantage of a unique situation in the world of football, economist Patricio Dalton and his team were able to demonstrate that moral support significantly affects performance.( 经济学家帕特里西奥·道尔顿(Patricia Dalton)和他的团队利用足球世界的一个独特情况，证明了道德支持对表现有显著影响。)”中提到的“a unique situation”是指阿根廷禁止客队球迷参加甲级联赛的禁令。故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“This provided the perfect conditions for a natural experiment, allowing the researchers to examine the impact of moral support on behavior in a real-world setting.(这为自然实验提供了完美的条件，使研究人员能够在现实世界中检验道德支持对行为的影响。)”可知，研究者们是利用一个真实的环境来研究精神支持对行为的影响的，而不是人为地设置一个实验情景。故选A。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的“What's also striking is that smaller teams are most affected by the lack of moral support, while bigger teams experience decline in performance only when facing opponents with equal strength. This suggests that moral support makes up for the power imbalance between teams. (同样令人惊讶的是，小球队最容易受到缺乏精神支持的影响，而大球队只有在面对实力相当的对手时才会出现表现下降。这表明，精神支持弥补了团队之间的权力不平衡。)”可知，缺乏精神支持的影响因团队而异。故选C。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Love and encouragement from others can make us feel our best. But can they also help us perform our best? By taking advantage of a unique situation in the world of football, economist Patricio Dalton and his team were able to demonstrate that moral support significantly affects performance.(来自他人的爱和鼓励可以让我们感觉最好。但它们也能帮助我们发挥出最好的水平吗?经济学家帕特里西奥·道尔顿(Patricio Dalton)和他的团队利用足球世界的一个独特情况，证明了道德支持对表现有显著影响。)”以及下文内容可知，本文的“moral support”是作为“成绩提高者(a performance enhancer)”来进行介绍的。短文首段中的“moral support significantly affects performance”提示了该内容，其余部分围绕该内容进行叙述。故选B。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Wherever you go, you’ll notice the plastic crisis faced by the planet. Many people are now seeking creative solutions to this problem. ___36___ You can do this by building a vertical garden with recycled plastic bottles-a brilliant idea which can be adapted to suit almost any household in any environment. An example from India shows how this inventive technique is truly changing lives. The Mehra family from Amritsar were locally hot news last June when they showed off the vertical garden they had created at their home. The family used over 175, 000 plastic bottles to create the garden, fixing the bottles to the outside walls of their home and filling them with over 33 varieties of plants. The plants are watered using a simple drip system. ___37___ ___38___ If you have a wall, you can have a vertical bottle garden. With space so limited around urban areas, this is a vital benefit, especially to urban and city-livers. If you struggle with ordinary gardening due to joint or muscle problems, vertical gardening can help you enjoy caring for plants without having to bend too much. ___39___ Just enjoying the lovely view of these vertical gardens is a positive thing in itself, but the act of setting up and caring for one will help to create inner balance and have further calming benefits in a stressful world. Whether you create your own small-scale vertical plastic garden at your home, or increasingly, whether large institutions get on board with the concept, every vertical garden created this way is recycling plastic which would otherwise be a pollutant, actively reducing local pollution. ___40___ A. You don’t need a lot of space. B. Consequently, you feel a sense of your own worth. C. The key is, what can be used to replace plastic products? D. Incredibly, this has lowered the internal temperature of their home. E. Besides, interaction with plants has a positive effect on mental health. F. Additionally, vertical gardening offers advantages for physical health as well. G. What if we put waste plastic to a good use and enriched lives at the same time? 【答案】36. G 37. D 38. A 39. E 40. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了如何通过使用废弃塑料瓶建造垂直花园来应对塑料危机，并介绍了这种方法的多种好处。 【36题详解】 根据上文“Many people are now seeking creative solutions to this problem.(许多人正在为这个问题寻求创造性的解决方案)”可知，选项承接上文应该是提出一个具体的解决方案。故G选项“如果我们把废塑料好好利用，同时丰富生活呢?”符合语境。故选G项。 【37题详解】 根据上文“The family used over 175, 000 plastic bottles to create the garden, fixing the bottles to the outside walls of their home and filling them with over 33 varieties of plants. The plants are watered using a simple drip system.(这个家庭用了超过17.5万个塑料瓶来建造花园，把瓶子固定在房子的外墙上，里面种满了33种植物。这些植物用一种简单的滴灌系统浇灌)”可知，选项承接上文说明上文内容带来的影响。故D选项“令人难以置信的是，这降低了他们家的内部温度。”符合语境。故选D项。 【38题详解】 根据下文“If you have a wall, you can have a vertical bottle garden. With space so limited around urban areas, this is a vital benefit, especially to urban and city-livers. ( 如果你有墙，你可以有一个垂直的瓶子花园。由于城市周围的空间如此有限，这是一个至关重要的好处，特别是对城市和城市居民)”可知，本段在强调利用有限的空间，不需要太多的空间。故A选项“你不需要太多空间”符合语境。故选A项。 【39题详解】 根据下文“Just enjoying the lovely view of these vertical gardens is a positive thing in itself, but the act of setting up and caring for one will help to create inner balance and have further calming benefits in a stressful world.(只是欣赏这些垂直花园的美景本身就是一件积极的事情，但建立和照顾一个花园的行为将有助于创造内心的平衡，并在一个充满压力的世界中进一步平静下来)”可知，选项承接下文说明与植物互动对精神健康的影响。mental health呼应inner balance and have further calming。故E选项“此外，与植物的互动对心理健康有积极的影响。”符合语境。故选E项。 【40题详解】 根据上文“Whether you create your own small-scale vertical plastic garden at your home, or increasingly, whether large institutions get on board with the concept, every vertical garden created this way is recycling plastic which would otherwise be a pollutant, actively reducing local pollution.(无论你是在家里创建自己的小型垂直塑料花园，还是越来越多的大型机构加入这个概念，以这种方式创建的每个垂直花园都是回收塑料，否则它们会成为污染物，积极减少当地污染)”可知，选项承接上文说明这种行为带来的益处。故B选项“因此，你会感觉到自己的价值。”符合语境。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “When my mom asked me how I would want to make a difference in the world, I said I wanted to help stop racism (种族歧视) ,” said Emi Kim, a 10-year-old from Provo, Utah. To make that a ___41___ , Emi and her family came up with the idea of ___42___ more diverse books that feature people of color into school libraries, something Emi said she ___43___ will help people understand one another. Statistics show that there are ___44___ books with main characters that are white than there are books with main characters that are Black, or a person of color. Emi ___45___ set out to buy 15 books for just her school, with main ___46___ from Asian, Native American, Latino, and Black cultures, and ___47___ a lemonade stand to raise the funds. Her mom, Dorie Kim, said that they actually raised $762, which allowed them to ___48___ their plan to buy five sets of 15 books for five local schools. The desire to bring about change also comes from the ___49___ Kim tries to teach her children. “One of the things that I want to ____50____ our kids is to be proud of who they are,” Kim said. “And to be ____51____ of other people and who they are.” “If kids see kids of color in ____52____ and learn that they're good too, that they have ____53____ and can get sad if they're made fun of, they might not make fun of them,” Emi said. “Being treated based on the way you ____54____ is not right. We're all people and that's all that really ____55____.” 41. A. dream B. routine C. reality D. habit 42. A. bringing B. turning C. dividing D. leading 43. A. concludes B. remembers C. reminds D. believes 44. A. better B. worse C. more D. fewer 45. A. repeatedly B. initially C. usually D. gradually 46. A. lessons B. readers C. contents D. characters 47. A. set up B. came to C. connected to D. searched for 48. A. cancel B. expand C. improve D. make 49. A. values B. rules C. methods D. subjects 50. A. give B. pass C. ask D. tell 51. A. aware B. respectful C. proud D. sure 52. A. class B. films C. books D. games 53. A. memories B. feelings C. problems D. hobbies 54. A. look B. work C. think D. learn 55. A. differs B. helps C. exists D. matters 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述一个具体的故事——10岁女孩Emi Kim和她家人为了减少种族歧视而采取的行动，特别是通过为学校图书馆引入更多以有色人种为主角的书籍来增进人们的相互理解——来传达一个积极的社会信息和价值观。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让这个梦想成为现实，Emi和她的家人想出了一个主意，那就是将更多以有色人种为主角的多样化书籍引入学校图书馆，Emi认为这将有助于人们相互理解。A. dream梦想；B. routine例行公事、常规；C. reality现实；D. habit习惯。根据上文““When my mom asked me how I would want to make a difference in the world, I said I wanted to help stop racism (种族歧视) ,” said Emi Kim, a 10-year-old from Provo, Utah.”以及下文Emi所做的事情可知，Emi是为了让自己的梦想成为现实。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让这个梦想成为现实，Emi和她的家人想出了一个主意，那就是将更多以有色人种为主角的多样化书籍引入学校图书馆，Emi认为这将有助于人们相互理解。A. bringing带来；B. turning翻转、转动；C. dividing划分；D. leading引导。根据下文“Her mom, Dorie Kim, said that they actually raised $762, which allowed them to ___8___ their plan to buy five sets of 15 books for five local schools.”可知，空处指的是将书引入学校图书馆，考查短语：bring…into…，符合句意。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让这个梦想成为现实，Emi和她的家人想出了一个主意，那就是将更多以有色人种为主角的多样化书籍引入学校图书馆，Emi认为这将有助于人们相互理解。A. concludes结束；B. remembers记得；C. reminds提醒；D. believes相信。根据空后内容“will help people understand one another”可推测，空后内容是Emi所相信的事情。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：统计数据显示，以白人为主角的书籍数量多于以黑人或有色人种为主角的书籍。A. better更好；B. worse更糟糕的；C. more更多的；D. fewer更少的。根据上文“To make that a ___1___ , Emi and her family came up with the idea of ___2___ more diverse books that feature people of color into school libraries,”可推测，以白人为主角的书籍数量多于以黑人或有色人种为主角的书籍。故选C。 【45题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Emi最初计划只为她的学校购买15本书，这些书的主角来自亚洲、美洲原住民、拉丁裔和黑人文化，并摆了一个柠檬水摊来筹集资金。A. repeatedly重复地；B. initially最初；C. usually经常；D. gradually逐渐地。根据下文“Her mom, Dorie Kim, said that they actually raised $762, which allowed them to ___8___ their plan to buy five sets of 15 books for five local schools.”可知，Emi最初只想为学校购买15本书。故选B。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Emi最初计划只为她的学校购买15本书，这些书的主角来自亚洲、美洲原住民、拉丁裔和黑人文化，并摆了一个柠檬水摊来筹集资金。A. lessons课程；B. readers读者；C. contents内容；D. characters个性、角色。根据上文“To make that a  ___1___  , Emi and her family came up with the idea of  ___2___  more diverse books that feature people of color into school libraries, something Emi said she  ___3___will help people understand one another.”可推测，Emi希望自己买的书的主角为有色人种，也就是主角来自亚洲、美洲原住民、拉丁裔和黑人文化。故选D。 【47题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Emi最初计划只为她的学校购买15本书，这些书的主角来自亚洲、美洲原住民、拉丁裔和黑人文化，并摆了一个柠檬水摊来筹集资金。A. set up建立；B. came to总计、来到、涉及；C. connected to和……连接；D. searched for寻找。根据下文“a lemonade stand to raise the funds”可知，空处指的是Emi摆了一个柠檬水摊来筹钱。故选A。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的母亲Dorie Kim说，他们实际上筹集了762美元，这让他们能够扩大计划，为五所当地学校各购买五套15本书。A. cancel取消；B. expand扩张、扩大；C. improve提高；D. make制作。根据上文“Her mom, Dorie Kim, said that they actually raised $762”以及下文“to buy five sets of 15 books for five local schools”可知，她们筹了不少钱，所以可以扩大计划，从而可以为五所当地学校各购买五套15本书。故选B。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：带来改变的愿望也源于Kim试图传授给孩子们的价值观。A. values价值；B. rules规则；C. methods方法；D. subjects话题、科目、主题。根据下文““One of the things that I want to ___10___ our kids is to be proud of who they are,” Kim said. “And to be ___11___ of other people and who they are.””可知，Kim也想给孩子们传授一些价值观。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我想告诉孩子们的一件事就是要为自己感到骄傲，” Kim说。“并且要尊重他人和他们的身份。”A. give给予；B. pass通过；C. ask询问；D. tell讲述，告诉。根据上文“The desire to bring about change also comes from the ___9___ Kim tries to teach her children.”可知，Kim想要告诉孩子一些价值观。故选D。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我想告诉孩子们的一件事就是要为自己感到骄傲，” Kim说。“并且要尊重他人和他们的身份。”A. aware知道的、意识到的；B. respectful有礼貌的；C. proud自豪的；D. sure确信的。根据下文““Being treated based on the way you ___14___ is not right. We’re all people and that's all that really ___15___ .””可知，Kim教育孩子要尊重他人。故选B。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“如果孩子们在书中看到有色人种的孩子，并了解到他们也很好，他们有感情，如果被取笑会伤心，他们可能就不会取笑他们了，” Emi说。A. class班级、课；B. films电影；C. books书本；D. games游戏。根据上文“Her mom, Dorie Kim, said that they actually raised $762, which allowed them to ___8___ their plan to buy five sets of 15 books for five local schools.”以及全文内容可知，孩子们可以在书中看到有色人种的孩子。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“如果孩子们在书中看到有色人种的孩子，并了解到他们也很好，他们有感情，如果被取笑会伤心，他们可能就不会取笑他们了，” Emi说。A. memories记忆；B. feelings感情；C. problems问题；D. hobbies爱好。根据下文“can get sad if they’re made fun of”可知，孩子们也有感情。故选B。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“根据外表来对待别人是不对的。我们都是人，这才是真正重要的。”A. look看；B. work工作；C. think想；D. learn学习。根据全文内容可知，Emi是希望孩子们可以在书中看到有色人种的孩子，也就是说，作者希望孩子们不要根据外表来对待别人。故选A。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“根据外表来对待别人是不对的。我们都是人，这才是真正重要的。”A. differs和……不同；B. helps帮助；C. exists存在；D. matters重要的。根据上文“Being treated based on the way you ___14___ is not right.”以及全文内容可知，作者认为外表并不重要，重要的是我们都是人。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For Chinese communities in Australia, Mid-Autumn Festival celebration is ____56____ important part of their life. Wayne Wong, as one of the new ____57____ (arrive) from China, is proud of his Chinese heritage. While ___58___ (get) used to the life in Australia, Wong and his wife still maintain their Chinese culture and heritage. Mid-Autumn Festival and Lunar New Year are as important to them in Australia as they ____59____ (be) in China, and will continue to be so. This year, their modest home were decorated with pink cherry blossoms, ____60____ Wong said could bring good luck. ____61____ many Australians of Chinese descent, he celebrated Mid-Autumn Festival by having dinner with friends and eating mooncakes. For Chinese Australians, Mid-Autumn Festival keeps them ____62____ (connect) to their heritage and culture, said Mark Wang, CEO of the Museum of Chinese Australian History in Melbourne. His ____63____ (mother) ancestors arrived in Australia from China in the 1830s, just before the Gold Rush which saw thousands of Chinese ____64____ (make) the journey to the gold fields in eastern Australia in the 1850s and 1860s. “_____65_____ you are a first-generation immigrant or Australian born Chinese, it is important to keep that traditional festival, our cultural connection,” Wang said. 【答案】56. an 57. arrivals 58. getting 59. were 60. which 61. Like 62. connected 63. mother’s 64. make 65. Whether 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了澳大利亚华裔在澳的中秋节以及他们对中国传统节日习俗的坚持及文化认同。 【56题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中秋节庆祝活动是他们生活中的一个重要部分。此处表泛指，且后面接的词important以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。 【57题详解】 考查词性转换。句意：Wayne Wong 是来自中国的新人之一。此处指来到澳大利亚的人，前面有one of，用复数。故填arrivals。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在适应澳大利亚生活的同时，Wong及其妻子仍然保持着他们的中国文化和传统。get used to与后面的句子主语Wong and his wife之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填getting。 【59题详解】 考查时态。句意：中秋节和农历新年对他们来说在澳大利亚和在中国一样重要，并且将继续如此。设空处为谓语，此处指他们以前在国内的时候，应用一般过去时。故填were。 【60题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他们简朴的家被装饰着粉色的樱花，Wong 说这可以带来好运。空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词（cherry blossoms）在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 【61题详解】 考查介词。句意：和许多澳大利亚华裔一样，他通过与朋友共进晚餐和吃月饼来庆祝中秋节。此处表示他们和许多澳大利亚华裔一样，应用介词表示“像……一样”且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Like。 【62题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中秋节使他们与他们的传统和文化保持联系。设空处为非谓语动词，connect和宾语them之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填connected。 【63题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：他母亲的祖先在 1830 年代从中国来到澳大利亚。此处指他妈妈的祖先们，应用名词所有格mother’s。故填mother’s。 【64题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在 1850 年代和 1860 年代，成千上万中国人踏上了前往澳大利亚东部金矿地区的旅程。此处是非谓语动词作宾语补足语，Chinese和make之间是主动关系，前面的谓语动词是see，且此处是叙述历史上发生过的事情，应用省略to的动词不定式。故填make。 【65题详解】 考查连词。句意：无论你是第一代移民还是在澳大利亚出生的华人，保持那个传统节日，我们的文化联系是重要的。“Whether ... or ...”表示“无论是……还是……”，此处表示“无论你是第一代移民还是在澳大利亚出生的华人”，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Whether。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，负责学校英语报“School Life around the World”栏目的编辑工作，该栏目介绍世界各地的校园生活。Michael是你的英国笔友，请给他写一邮件，内容包括： 1. 介绍该栏目； 2. 请Michael为该栏目撰稿。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Dear Michael. I’m writing to ask you for a favor. I’m in charge of the column “School Life around the World” of our school English newspaper. The column covers all aspects of school life throughout the world, with the purpose of broadening the students’ horizons and providing new things for them to learn from. I wonder if you could contribute an article to the column, one about the school life in Britain with about 1, 000 words. I would greatly appreciate it. I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的约稿。要求考生给英国笔友Michael写封信，向其约稿，介绍其校园生活。 【详解】1.词汇积累 负责：be in charge of→ take charge of 目的：purpose→ aim 想知道：wonder→ want to know 回复：reply→ response 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The column covers all aspects of school life throughout the world, with the purpose of broadening the students’ horizons and providing new things for them to learn from. 拓展句：The column covers all aspects of school life throughout the world, whose purpose is to broaden the students’ horizons and provide new things for them to learn from. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The column covers all aspects of school life throughout the world, with the purpose of broadening the students’ horizons and providing new things for them to learn from.（运用了with引导的状语） 【高分句型2】I wonder if you could contribute an article to the column, one about the school life in Britain with about 1, 000 words.（运用了if引导的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Bullying (欺凌) is a problem in many schools and people often talk about how to deal with it. But I see bullying occur in ways that others often fail to realize. One thing that I have happily discovered is that a bully (欺人者) fears nothing more than when the victim responds by being nice. A bully’s existence is based on being cruel, and it is a shock to receive kindness as payback. I once experienced bullying during middle school. I met my bully — let’s call her Kristy my first day of art class. I loved art, but Kristy quickly made me sick of it. When I entered the art room that first time, I found a scat at a table and sat next to Kristy. Before I even had a chance to introduce myself, she looked at her friend and said, “Let’s move.” I politely said, “Hi, I’m Ann.”, but she replied, “Well, Ann, I’m Kristy, and my friend and I moved tables because we didn’t want to be near you.” That was my first snakebite. For the next few days I tried to avoid Kristy, but that only worked for a while. She began to make fun of everything about me: my hair, what I wore, the way I talked, and how I created my art. Then I decided to attempt the impossible-I was going to make Kristy my friend. “Kind words are short and Easy to speak, but their echoes are truly endless.” Mother Teresa once said. I began to respond politely whenever Kristy threw a nasty (恶意的) comment my way. One day, Kristy looked at the picture I was drawing and said: “Ann, I have to tell you, this is the ugliest picture I have ever seen. I mean, what is it?” “Well. Kristy, I think it’s really beautiful, and this blue paint I am using reminds me of that pretty shirt you wore yesterday. You looked so beautiful in it.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Kristy looked shocked at my kind words. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ So our friendship started on that very day. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Kristy looked shocked at my kind words. She hadn’t expected that I would make such kind comments about her when she was so cruel to me. For a moment, she just stood there, not knowing what to say. Then she asked, “Why are you being so nice to me, Ann?” I responded, “Well, because I like you and I want you to be my friend.” It seemed that she was touched by my kindness. With a guilty look on her face, she said softly, “Ann, I think you’re the right person I can make friends with.” So our friendship started on that very day. During the days that followed, we had many good times. In art class, we sat together, appreciating each other’s drawings and giving advice. On holidays, we travelled together to the country where we practised drawing landscapes from nature. We thoroughly enjoyed our friendship. Now I see that bullying can be destroyed by kindness. Being kind to others will make them friendly to you, and you will receive kindness in return. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在中学时被克里斯蒂霸凌，作者一开始回避，紧接着作者开始礼貌回应。结果克里斯蒂被作者的反应震惊了，两人经过交流最后成为了朋友。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“克里斯蒂听了我的好话，显得很震惊”可知，第一段可描写克里斯蒂开始感到内疚，坦白了自己想和作者交朋友。 ②由第二段首句内容“所以我们的友谊就从那一天开始了”可知，第二段可描写两人成为朋友，度过了美好的时光。 2.续写线索：克里斯蒂震惊——克里斯蒂困惑——克里斯蒂内疚——成为朋友——度过美好时光——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①回答：respond/reply ②询问：ask/inquire ③欣赏：appreciate/admire 情绪类 ①善良：kindness/good-deed ②感动：touched/moved 【点睛】[高分句型1] She hadn’t expected that I would make such kind comments about her when she was so cruel to me. (运用了that引导宾语从句和when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] On holidays, we travelled together to the country where we practised drawing landscapes from nature. (运用了where引导定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 名校联考联合体2025届高三第一次联考 （暨入学检测） 英语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How will the woman go to town? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By bicycle. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man mean? A. The snow is unexpected. B. He drove without difficulty. C. It seldom snows in Newport. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the time now? A. 7: 45. B. 7: 55. C. 8: 15. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman think of the trip? A. Exciting. B. Challenging. C. Not interesting. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the two speakers? A. In West Street. B. In South Street. C. At the railway station. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What did the man do? A. He held an exhibition. B. He visited an exhibition. C. He worked for an exhibition. 7. What kind of museum are the speakers talking about? A. An art museum. B. A natural history museum. C. A transport museum. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why does the woman phone the man? A. To find out whether he is busy. B. To invite him to join in their activity. C To ask about his plan for the weekend. 9. When will the woman’s group start out? A On Sunday evening. B. On Friday morning. C. On Friday afternoon. 10. What needn’t the man take with him? A. A tent. B. Clothes. C. A sleeping bag. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. According to the woman, what helps to make a good first impression in a job interview? A. One's look. B. One's voice. C. One's attitude. 12. Which of the following is the man's advice? A. Be active. B. Be careful. C. Be honest. 13. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. In a classroom. C. In an interview room. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What is the man doing? A Selling books. B. Buying books. C. Reading books. 15. What is the book Today’s World about? A. Writing. B. Fashion. C. Science. 16. How much will the woman pay for the book she wants to buy? A. 7 dollars. B. 14 dollars. C. 23 dollars. 17. Why doesn’t the woman want to buy the other books? A. She thinks they are expensive. B. She knows they are old books. C. She is afraid they will be useless. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. Where can you go along the walkways? A. To the main square. B. To Hardacre College. C. To different parts of the college. 19. What are the students expected to do? A. Design lecture rooms. B. Join in various student groups. C. Take the special lifts. 20. What is the speaker’s purpose? A. To offer help to disabled students. B. To introduce the student organizations. C. To attract students to Hardacre College. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Flower-filled day trips from London Mottisfont. Hampshire Everything at Mottisfont is quite literally coming up roses. It is a world-famous rose garden that comes to life from June, with thousands of varieties on display, from pre-1900 old-fashioned blooms to delicate Chinese tea roses, so head there in summer to catch them in the act. Getting there: 2hr drive from London. Or 1hr 51min train from Waterloo to Mottisfont & Dunbridge station via Southampton. Charles Darwin’s Home, Down House, Kent Down House was once home to Charles Darwin. Darwin developed many of his groundbreaking ideas in his own back garden, also known as his ‘outdoor laboratory’. Some of Darwin’s most famous theories came from discoveries around the reproduction of plants, and you can even visit his beloved blue glasshouse. Getting there: 1hr 20min drive from London. Or 16min train from London Bridge to Orpington, then bus. Pashley Manor Gardens, East Sussex If you’re looking for a typical English country garden, look no further than Pashley. It holds special flower events through the seasons to celebrate whichever flower is in abundance. Stop in for its Tulip Festival in spring, Special Rose Week in June or Dahlia Days in late summer. Getting there: 1hr 30min drive from London. Or 1hr 15min train from Charing Cross to Etchingham station, then taxi. Sissinghurst Castle Garden The gardens at Sissinghurst, planted by poet Vita Sackville. West way back when, are the stuff of poetry. Quite literally. The gardens are arranged by colour: the cottage garden in reds and yellows, the purple border with its mix of blues and pinks and the white garden with gladioli, dahlias and anemones in — you guessed it — white. Getting there: 1hr 30min drive from London. Or 1hr train from Charing Cross to Staplehurst, then bus. 21. How is Mottisfont different from the other three gardens? A. It is very old. B. It is owned by a Chinese. C. There are roses on display. D. It takes more time to get there. 22. Which would you choose for a visit if you are a science lover? A. Mottisfont. B. Down House. C. Pashley Manor Gardens. D. Sissinghurst Castle Garden. 23. What is the feature of Sissinghurst Castle Garden? A. It changes with seasons. B. It is full of colourful plants. C. It is divided by different colours. D. It is a mix of different flowers. B I’m interested in the Renaissance (文艺复兴), so I like visiting ancient Italian cities. Ferrara is called City of the Renaissance. When I learned about this city on the Internet, I decided to pay a visit to it. The city has a certain charm, but I find it isn’t as great as other Italian cities like Verona, let alone Venice or Rome. The Michelin Green Guide gives it two stars, which is right. I first visited the city centre. The Cathedral and Castello Estense are at the heart of the city. Both have striking appearances. I visited the Cathedral first. Castello Estense is also worth visiting, which owes its name to the powerful Este family. It was built with bricks and surrounded by a moat (护城河). At the lower levels, the history of the city and the Este family are told through displays, and in another part the ceilings are shown through mirrors on the ground. In the north, we can appreciate the Renaissance extension of the town, with straight streets and monumental houses. The famous Palazzo dei Diamanti lies here. When I was visiting it, it started to rain, so after taking a few photos quickly, I cut my visit there short. It had been raining for a few days. When the rain ceased, I went to visit the historical centre and the Renaissance buildings. After leaving there, I visited several other interesting places such as palaces and the narrow streets of the downtown. After four hours in Ferrara I left by train to Mantua. There I had a much better time. 24. Why did the author pay a visit to Ferrara? A. Because it is related to the Renaissance. B. Because it is full of charm. C. Because it is a very famous city in Europe. D. Because it is strongly recommended by a website. 25. What did the author think of The Michelin Green Guide’s comment on Ferrara? A. Subjective. B. Reasonable. C. Unacceptable. D. Unbelievable. 26. How could Castello Estense probably get its name according to the text? A. It came from the historical buildings. B. It originated from the straight streets. C. It was named after the powerful Este family. D. It was connected to the surrounding moat. 27. What can we infer from the text? A. The writer thought Ferrara was as great as Venice. B. The writer visited Palazzo dei Diamanti for a long time. C. The writer was much more satisfied with the tour in Mantua than in Ferrara. D. The writer was disappointed with the visit to the Cathedral and Castello Estense. C Gait is the way in which you walk. Your personal gait can indicate a lot about your overall constitution. In fact, it’s one of your vital signs, along with body temperature and blood pressure. Gait analyses can indicate your likelihood of injury and the time you’ll be ready to continue an activity after an injury or surgery. A professional analysis can also indicate inefficiencies in your movement that, when addressed, can improve your running speed and even your golf swing. “Your gait isn’t something that can be corrected instantly,” said Dr. Bryan Heiderscheit, director of Badger Athletic Performance. “It’s not as simple as saying,” Walk differently. The best way to correct it is to focus on certain exercises. Health professionals analyze gait in different ways. Some analyses are as simple as having a trained professional watch you stand up from a seated position, walk a certain distance and return to your seat. The professional will measure the quality of your movement and the time it takes. More recently, artificial intelligence is also tracking people’s gaits. One example is OneStep, a digital health platform that health care professionals can use with their patients. The patients download the OneStep app to their phone, then put their phone in their pocket. The app continuously tracks their movement, which their health care providers can easily review. “We’re looking at gait speed, cadence the number of steps per minute — variability in gait speed and cadence, step length, the time both feet are spent on the ground and more,” said Stephanie Wakeman, OneStep’s director of clinical operations. One patient had been faithfully using OneStep. plus doing some exercises her physical therapist (治疗师) requested, when her therapist noticed her walking speed and exercise sessions suddenly declined, Wakeman said. The therapist reached out to make sure she was all right and discovered she was depressed following a close friend’s death. “So the physical therapist got her connected with someone to talk to about her grief,” Wakeman said. “He got her an intervention that she may not have had otherwise. That’s just one example of how this can help.” “Mobility is sort of the fountain of youth,” Wakeman said. “If we want to maintain a healthy, good quality of life, we have to be very concerned with our mobility.” 28. What is the main purpose of a gait analysis? A. To keep you healthy and happy. B. To assess and predict your health. C. To help you recover from an injury. D. To ensure you have no health problems. 29. What does Dr. Bryan Heiderscheit say about one’s gait being improved? A. It’s hardly possible. B. It’s an easy process. C. It takes time and effort. D. It requires careful preparation. 30. How did the physical therapist help his patient? A. By analyzing her gait. B. By seeking help for her. C. By giving her timely treatment. D. By increasing her walking speed. 31. What does the author highlight in the text? A. Gait is one of our vital signs. B. Gait indicates sports performances. C. Gait can be analyzed in different ways D. AI plays an important role in gait analyses. D Love and encouragement from others can make us feel our best. But can they also help us perform our best? By taking advantage of a unique situation in the world of football, economist Patricio Dalton and his team were able to demonstrate that moral support significantly affects performance. Although moral support is such an important part of daily interaction, there's little scientific proof of the effect it has on behavior. Dalton addresses this gap in a new research paper, revealing that even in the football stadium — a competitive labor environment where high performance is rewarded with high pay — moral support matters. Demonstrating a cause-and-effect relationship between moral support and behavior is difficult, Dalton explains, because moral support isn't easily controlled in an experiment. “The major challenge lies in the fact that moral support is essentially endogenous (内生的) . People choose whether to supply or demand moral support, the extent of it, to whom to supply it and from whom to demand it. The paper addresses this challenge by taking advantage of an exogenous (外因的) negative shock on moral support caused by an unexpected change of law in the Argentinean football league.” Following an incident involving a football supporter's death, Argentina placed a ban that prohibited visiting team supporters from attending first division games. This provided the perfect conditions for a natural experiment, allowing the researchers to examine the impact of moral support on behavior in a real-world setting. Analyzing data from 1, 320 games played both before and after the ban, the researchers found that the probability of a visiting team losing a game increases by 20%, and the visiting team conceding (让得分) more goals than the home team rises by 1. 3 times. The researchers establish that the observed decline in performance is due to the absence of moral support. What's also striking is that smaller teams are most affected by the lack of moral support, while bigger teams experience decline in performance only when facing opponents with equal strength. This suggests that moral support makes up for the power imbalance between teams. The study reveals a strong influence of moral support and its significance in unlocking human potential. “If moral support can make such a big difference in the world of professional football, what could it do in regular workplaces?” Dalton says. 32. What does “a unique situation” underlined in paragraph 1 refer to? A. The death of a football supporter. B. The experiment on moral support. C. The performances of visiting teams. D. The ban on visiting team supporters. 33. How did the researchers examine the relationship between moral support and behavior? A. In a natural way. B. In an unusual way. C. By supplying moral support. D. By interviewing football supporters. 34. What does Dalton’s research reveal about moral support? A. It can make a difference in many areas of life. B. It keeps a balance between big football teams. C. The impact of lacking it varies from team to team. D. The absence of it makes no difference to a home team. 35. Which of the following best describes moral support? A. It makes one feel good. B. It’s a performance enhancer. C. It develops good relationships. D. It’s a cure for behavior problems. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Wherever you go, you’ll notice the plastic crisis faced by the planet. Many people are now seeking creative solutions to this problem. ___36___ You can do this by building a vertical garden with recycled plastic bottles-a brilliant idea which can be adapted to suit almost any household in any environment. An example from India shows how this inventive technique is truly changing lives. The Mehra family from Amritsar were locally hot news last June when they showed off the vertical garden they had created at their home. The family used over 175, 000 plastic bottles to create the garden, fixing the bottles to the outside walls of their home and filling them with over 33 varieties of plants. The plants are watered using a simple drip system. ___37___ ___38___ If you have a wall, you can have a vertical bottle garden. With space so limited around urban areas, this is a vital benefit, especially to urban and city-livers. If you struggle with ordinary gardening due to joint or muscle problems, vertical gardening can help you enjoy caring for plants without having to bend too much. ___39___ Just enjoying the lovely view of these vertical gardens is a positive thing in itself, but the act of setting up and caring for one will help to create inner balance and have further calming benefits in a stressful world. Whether you create your own small-scale vertical plastic garden at your home, or increasingly, whether large institutions get on board with the concept, every vertical garden created this way is recycling plastic which would otherwise be a pollutant, actively reducing local pollution. ___40___ A. You don’t need a lot of space. B. Consequently, you feel a sense of your own worth. C. The key is, what can be used to replace plastic products? D. Incredibly, this has lowered the internal temperature of their home. E. Besides, interaction with plants has a positive effect on mental health. F. Additionally, vertical gardening offers advantages for physical health as well. G. What if we put waste plastic to a good use and enriched lives at the same time? 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “When my mom asked me how I would want to make a difference in the world, I said I wanted to help stop racism (种族歧视) ,” said Emi Kim, a 10-year-old from Provo, Utah. To make that a ___41___ , Emi and her family came up with the idea of ___42___ more diverse books that feature people of color into school libraries, something Emi said she ___43___ will help people understand one another. Statistics show that there are ___44___ books with main characters that are white than there are books with main characters that are Black, or a person of color. Emi ___45___ set out to buy 15 books for just her school, with main ___46___ from Asian, Native American, Latino, and Black cultures, and ___47___ a lemonade stand to raise the funds. Her mom, Dorie Kim, said that they actually raised $762, which allowed them to ___48___ their plan to buy five sets of 15 books for five local schools. The desire to bring about change also comes from the ___49___ Kim tries to teach her children. “One of the things that I want to ____50____ our kids is to be proud of who they are,” Kim said. “And to be ____51____ of other people and who they are.” “If kids see kids of color in ____52____ and learn that they're good too, that they have ____53____ and can get sad if they're made fun of, they might not make fun of them,” Emi said. “Being treated based on the way you ____54____ is not right. We're all people and that's all that really ____55____.” 41. A. dream B. routine C. reality D. habit 42. A. bringing B. turning C. dividing D. leading 43 A. concludes B. remembers C. reminds D. believes 44. A. better B. worse C. more D. fewer 45. A. repeatedly B. initially C. usually D. gradually 46. A. lessons B. readers C. contents D. characters 47. A. set up B. came to C. connected to D. searched for 48. A. cancel B. expand C. improve D. make 49. A. values B. rules C. methods D. subjects 50. A. give B. pass C. ask D. tell 51. A. aware B. respectful C. proud D. sure 52 A. class B. films C. books D. games 53. A. memories B. feelings C. problems D. hobbies 54. A. look B. work C. think D. learn 55. A. differs B. helps C. exists D. matters 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For Chinese communities in Australia, Mid-Autumn Festival celebration is ____56____ important part of their life. Wayne Wong, as one of the new ____57____ (arrive) from China, is proud of his Chinese heritage. While ___58___ (get) used to the life in Australia, Wong and his wife still maintain their Chinese culture and heritage. Mid-Autumn Festival and Lunar New Year are as important to them in Australia as they ____59____ (be) in China, and will continue to be so. This year, their modest home were decorated with pink cherry blossoms, ____60____ Wong said could bring good luck. ____61____ many Australians of Chinese descent, he celebrated Mid-Autumn Festival by having dinner with friends and eating mooncakes. For Chinese Australians, Mid-Autumn Festival keeps them ____62____ (connect) to their heritage and culture, said Mark Wang, CEO of the Museum of Chinese Australian History in Melbourne. His ____63____ (mother) ancestors arrived in Australia from China in the 1830s, just before the Gold Rush which saw thousands of Chinese ____64____ (make) the journey to the gold fields in eastern Australia in the 1850s and 1860s. “_____65_____ you are a first-generation immigrant or Australian born Chinese, it is important to keep that traditional festival, our cultural connection,” Wang said. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，负责学校英语报“School Life around the World”栏目的编辑工作，该栏目介绍世界各地的校园生活。Michael是你的英国笔友，请给他写一邮件，内容包括： 1. 介绍该栏目； 2. 请Michael为该栏目撰稿。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Bullying (欺凌) is a problem in many schools and people often talk about how to deal with it. But I see bullying occur in ways that others often fail to realize. One thing that I have happily discovered is that a bully (欺人者) fears nothing more than when the victim responds by being nice. A bully’s existence is based on being cruel, and it is a shock to receive kindness as payback. I once experienced bullying during middle school. I met my bully — let’s call her Kristy my first day of art class. I loved art, but Kristy quickly made me sick of it. When I entered the art room that first time, I found a scat at a table and sat next to Kristy. Before I even had a chance to introduce myself, she looked at her friend and said, “Let’s move.” I politely said, “Hi, I’m Ann.”, but she replied, “Well, Ann, I’m Kristy, and my friend and I moved tables because we didn’t want to be near you.” That was my first snakebite. For the next few days I tried to avoid Kristy, but that only worked for a while. She began to make fun of everything about me: my hair, what I wore, the way I talked, and how I created my art. Then I decided to attempt the impossible-I was going to make Kristy my friend. “Kind words are short and Easy to speak, but their echoes are truly endless.” Mother Teresa once said. I began to respond politely whenever Kristy threw a nasty (恶意的) comment my way. One day, Kristy looked at the picture I was drawing and said: “Ann, I have to tell you, this is the ugliest picture I have ever seen. I mean, what is it?” “Well. Kristy, I think it’s really beautiful, and this blue paint I am using reminds me of that pretty shirt you wore yesterday. You looked so beautiful in it.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Kristy looked shocked at my kind words. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ So our friendship started on that very day. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$