07航空航天-备战2025年高考英语热点话题题型专练

07航空航天 航空航天时事热点资讯 突发！中国航天再收一则喜讯！美国又要破防了，事情不简单！ 据北京日报客户端报道，近日，在太原卫星发射中心海上发射团队的组织指挥下，来自北京的民营火箭企业——星河动力航天公司于山东附近海域圆满完成谷神星一号海射型（遥三）发射任务，顺利将云遥一号15-17星、吉天星A-03星、苏星一号01星、天辅高分二号卫星共6颗卫星送入535公里的太阳同步轨道。云遥一号15-17星三颗卫星技术状态一致，卫星配置GNSS掩星载荷及长波红外相机，主要用于提供气象观测服务； 此次任务是星河动力航天公司完成的第三次海上发射任务，也是谷神星一号海射型首次执行中远海发射任务，进一步验证了海射型灵活的轨道和任务适应性。作为目前民营唯一可以兼顾陆/海发射平台的火箭箭型，谷神星一号商业运载火箭已实现了灵活的轨道适应能力和高密度发射能力，能够最大程度地快速满足不同卫星用户的发射需求。     与传统陆地发射相比，海上发射拥有诸多优势，它更加灵活，可以根据发射任务的需求，选择合适的纬度和海域进行发射，从而更便捷地将卫星送入预定轨道，海上发射可以避开人口密集区域，安全性更高，海上发射还可以利用海水进行降温，降低发射成本,海上发射也面临着更大的技术挑战，例如海面环境复杂多变，对火箭的稳定性和安全性提出了更高的要求，而谷神星一号海射型运载火箭，凭借其强大的技术实力，成功克服了这些难题，为中国商业航天开辟了一条全新的道路。   此次神谷星一号海射型遥三运载火箭的成功，不仅仅是一次技术上的突破，更是人类对未知世界探索的又一次迈进。它将为卫星发射、空间探索等领域带来新的机遇和挑战。未来，我们有理由相信，随着航天技术的不断发展，更多的奇迹将在这片浩瀚的宇宙中诞生。在这个充满希望与挑战的时代，神谷星一号海射型遥三运载火箭的发射成功，激励着每一个怀揣梦想的人。让我们共同期待，人类在航天领域创造出更加辉煌的成就，开启更加壮丽的宇宙征程。     值得一提的是，近日美国国家航空航天局（NASA）在太空停留时间最长的宇航员最近鼓励两位被困在国际空间站的同事保持积极心态，“继续做好工作”。NASA宇航员弗兰克·鲁比奥（Frank Rubio）深谙任务意外延长的感受。他在国际空间站的任务持续了一年多，比原计划整整多了一倍时间。因此，在过去的两周里，他一直在帮助这两位因任务延长而滞留的同事。鲁比奥表示，他在周四与苏尼·威廉姆斯（Suni Williams）进行了交流，并对她和布奇·威尔莫尔（Butch Wilmore）如何应对困境感到非常自豪。 波音新飞船于近期发射，按照原计划，两名宇航员应该在2周后从国际空间站返回，拿到大笔奖金就退休，然而天有不测风云，波音的星际客机飞船就如同他们的737客机一样，一上天就出了岔子。在发射之前，星际客机就出现了氦气泄漏的问题。但波音认为无关紧要，坚持继续发射。不料飞船进入地球轨道之后，氦气泄漏越来越严重，接连发现了5个漏点。氦气是用来给发动机燃料贮箱增压用的，如果漏光了，飞船发动机就无法启动，那可就麻烦了。    宇航员布奇·威尔莫尔和苏尼·威廉姆斯目前因为星际客机的技术问题，无法返航。这是波音星际客机首次载人测试飞行。美国宇航局（NASA）在近日的新闻发布会上就接回宇航员提出了几种选择。一种选择是让他们乘坐星际客机返回；另一种选择是让他们在空间站停留大约7个月，并搭乘SpaceX的Crew Dragon飞船返回。美国宇航局表示：“星际客机地面团队正在分析最近测试的结果，完成飞船集成推进系统的飞行准备，并在星际客机返回地球之前确认系统可靠性。” 波音飞船的问题已经不是首次说明了，而且波音飞船面对的问题比想象中严重，由于在首次载人飞行的过程之中出现了问题，那意味着要解决这个问题需要时间。此前NASA已经公开表示了，下一次波音飞船的任务将会延期，但是还会不会继续推迟，这还是未知数，这主要看波音飞船解决的情。其次，这一次波音飞船找龙飞船来接，对波音来说是一次沉重的打击，因为两者是竞争对手。对波音是伤痛，而对龙飞船来说，是一次喜讯。 马斯克SpaceX的“龙飞船”,一次可以将七位宇航员送上太空，它不仅可以载人，而且还可以运货。在波音没有掺合进来之前，一直都是“龙飞船”负责载人运货。马斯克的“龙飞船”可靠性非常高，因为它已经多次使用了。现在看来，“龙飞船”大概率要接两位宇航员回家了，因为NASA方面已经对“龙飞船”提出了要求。 “龙飞船”是七人座的，NASA要求“龙飞船”减少座位数量，毕竟这一次只带两个人回来。   航空航天阅读拓展 词汇清单       单词 1.     explore v.①探测；探索 ②探讨；探究 2.     exploration  n. 1 勘探：勘察②研究；探究 3.     space n. ①太空②空间；空地   space travel太空旅行  spacewalk  n 太空行走   permanent space station 永久空间站 space lab 空间实验室 4.     planet n. 行星 5.     solar  adj 太阳的；利用太阳能的     solar energy 太阳能  solar panel 太阳能板 6.     lunar adj 月球的；以月球公转测度的 7.     the lunar calendar 阴历    lunar rover 月球车 8.     launch v. ①发射；使（船）下水 ②把……投放市场  ③发动；创办 n. ①发射②（新产品的)投放市场  ③(新书的)发行    launch site 发射场  launch area发射区 9.     send  v. ①（通过无线电或电流）发射，发送，传送(信号)   ②邮寄；发送 ③打发；派(人)；安排……去      ④传达；转告 send up 发出；射出；长出 send out 发出(光、味、声音等)；送出；派遣 send away 解雇；把……打发走 10.   satellite /'satelart/all n 卫星  artificial satellite 人造卫星 11.   orbit   n （天体等运行的）轨道    V 沿轨道运行 12.   detector n.探测器   13.   probe  v. 调查，打探，探究  n. 探究, 航天探测器，太空探测器 14.   gravity  n 重力；地心引力 15.   universe n [常与 the连用]宇宙 16.   globe  n [the globe]地球；世界 17.   equator n [用单数，常用作 the equator]赤道 18.   astronomy n天文学 19.   astronaut n宇航员 20.   astronomer  n天文学家 21.   spaceship  n宇宙飞船 22.   spacecraft n. 航天(飞行)器，字害飞题， 23.   rocket n 火箭；火箭弹  v.飞速上升；飞驰 24.   shuttle n ① 航天飞机   ②短程穿梭运行的车辆、周等   ③(织布机的)梭 25.   capsule  n 太空舱；(药剂的)胶囊 26.   lift-off   n (航天器的)发射；起飞；升 27.   countdown n. 倒数读秒；倒计时 28.   take-off  n 飞机起飞 29.   landing   n 着陆；降落 30.   touchdown  n (飞机或航天器的)着陆；降 31.   weightless  adj 失重的；无重量的 32.   spacesuit  n 航天服；宇航服 33.   manned adj.载人的  manned spaceship 载人飞船  34.   unmanned   adj 无人操纵的   35.   telescope  n 望远镜 36.   observatory n 天文台；气象台 37.   *alien  adj 外星人的；陌生的；异域的 n 外星人；侨民 38.   black hole 黑洞 39.   light year 光年（光在真空中传播一年的距离) 40.   Milky Way 银河 41.   galaxy n. 星系；银河， 短语 1.       Shenzhou XII神州十二号 2.       Tianhe, Harmony of Heaven 天和 3.       Long March 5B heavy-lift rocket 长征五号B运载火箭 4.       Long March 7 rocket长征七号 5.       Tianzhou 2 cargo spacecraft天舟二号货运飞船 6.       China Manned Space Agency 中国载人航天飞船办公室 7.       China National Space Administration 中国航天局 8.  NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) 美国航空航天局 9.       the facilities and equipment 设施设备 10.    in good condition 状态良好 11.    various pre-launch function checks 发射前各种功能检查 12.    joint test 联合测试 13.    dock with 与...对接 14.    space docking 空间对接 15.    rendezvous and docking  交会对接 16.    after entering orbit 入轨后 17.    low-Earth orbit  近地轨道 18.    living materials 生活物资 19.    collect samples  采样 20.    3D projection 3D 投影 21.    launch a rocket 发射火箭 22.    China Aerospace 中国航天 23.    take in a lunar eclipse 观看月食 24.    think outside the box 跳出固有思维模式 25.    break new ground 开辟了新的领域 26.    the cutting edge of ……的技术前沿 27.    advance by leaps and bounds突飞猛进 28.    extraordinary contributions杰出贡献 29.    remarkable achievements 非凡的成就 30.    lunar exploration adventure月球探索冒险 31.    at/in / to the forefront (of sth) 处于（……的）最前列 句式 1. In 2015, a major breakthrough in technology was made, using independent research and development. 2015年，利用自主研发，在技术上取得了重大突破。 2. This is a GPS app that maps your routes and records your time and distances. 这是一款GPS应用程序，可以绘制路线图并记录时间和距离。 3. Some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI. 一些科学家敦促我们思考人工智能的进步带来的危险。 4. Technological developments, with all their downside, can lift people out of that backbreaking toil. 科技的发展尽管存在许多弊端，却使人们摆脱了繁重的劳作。 5. This was a remarkable achievement by the Chinese team of scientists in such a short space of time. 这是中国科学家团队在如此短的时间内取得的一项了不起的成就。 6. Are you looking for a sports watch to help you keep track of your fitness and chart your training progress? 你是否在寻找一款运动手表来帮你跟踪体能状况，记录训练进度? 拓展阅读训练 NASA (美国航空航天局) is looking for a new way to get its precious Mars samples back to the earth. Those samples are being collected by the Perseverance rover in Mars’Jezero Crater, which hosted a lake and a river delta billions of years ago. Getting the samples is one of NASA’s top science goals. Studying unspoiled Red Planet material in well-equipped labs around the world could reveal key insights into Mars, including whether it has ever hosted life. The agency has had a Mars sample return (MSR) structure in place for some time now, but repeated delays and cost overruns seem to have made the original plan hard to realize. “The bottom line is that $ 11 billion is too much, and not returning samples until 2040 is unacceptably too long,” NASA chief Bill Nelson said during a call with reporters. That price tag is the upper-end estimate calculated by an independent review board. A team from within NASA analyzed those September results, determining that the agency won’t be able to get Perseverance’s samples back to Earth until 2040 with the established structure. NASA is now seeking a new way forward in an attempt to cut costs and get the samples here sooner. Saving money will aid other agency science projects, and speeding up the timeline could help the agency plan out manned Mars trips. The wheels on the new plan are already turning. NASA is asking the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California — its lead facility for robotic planetary exploration — and other agency research centers for innovative MSR ideas. NASA will hold an industry day and accept proposals. The goal is to have enough information on hand by late fall or early winter to begin charting a new path forward on MSR. MSR remains a top priority for NASA, despite the difficulty of the task. After all, no country has ever launched a rocket from the surface of another planet, though three countries have launched  from the moon. “I think it’s fair to say that we are committed to bring back the samples, for this is an important national objective.” Nelson said. 1．What’s the main function of paragraph 2? A．To draw readers’ attention to this topic. B．To warn the readers of a possible failure. C．To stress the importance of Mars samples. D．To introduce some background information. 2．What does Bill Nelson think of the original MSR structure? A．Efficient. B．Impractical. C．Sensible. D．Conservative. 3．Why is NASA seeking a new way to get its Mars samples back to Earth? A．The current method is costly and takes too long. B．The current method is too risky and unreliable. C．It takes a sophisticated container to convey the samples. D．The samples have been spoiled and need to be handled differently. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．NASA’s huge project B．MSR, a promising plan C．NASA’s Mars sample return plan calls for overall adjustments D．NASA’s campaign to return Mars Samples to Earth is on hold 高频词汇训练 单词拼写 1．I’ve also found that playing some quiet music while doing this helps — something in the background that’s soothing but not (令人分心). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 2．The availability of new passenger cars each year depends on whether car makers successfully complete an (排放物) certification process. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 3．Zhejiang had (提升) its emergency response to Level I, the highest level, starting at noon on Saturday, the provincial emergency management department said. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 4．The wide-eyed look of fascination and lack of expression is mechanical, as if mass (大量生产) like anime books and magazines. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 5．An area in a roadway from which traffic is excluded provides safe area for (步行者). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 6．We divided our available time into two parts. First, we visited a famous tower to clarify our (疑问) about it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 7．A Chinese (智力游戏) consisting of a square cut into five triangles, a square, and a rhomboid, to be reassembled into different figures. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 8．But talk of peace and reconciliation is just fanciful and theoretical unless we are prepared to undergo such a (巨变). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 9．Spaniards gobble a dozen grapes, each fruit representing a month that will be either sweet or (酸的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 10．Some of my (英雄) are real people, and some are from stories.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 阅读七选五 （一） Flight disruptions have periodically made it difficult for people to reach their destinations. Here are three of the biggest potential flight disruptors and what you can do about them: ★ How could the weather disrupt flights this summer? Wild weather can hinder air travel, whether it’s an Arizona monsoon storm or a hurricane over the Atlantic Ocean or the Gulf of Mexico. That can affect whether your flight is delayed or canceled. 11 Extreme climate conditions also can disrupt air travel, as the Canadian wildfires demonstrated recently. ▶ Tip: If bad weather is expected, monitor the conditions in your flight path and take advantage of airline offers to reschedule without change fees. Download your airline’s app and enable notifications. 12 ★ Is a pilot strike likely this summer? In May, American Airlines and Southwest Airlines pilots’ unions voted to authorize strikes. While it appears unlikely that pilots will strike at either airline, a work stoppage could be a problem. The votes by the American and Southwest pilots’ unions to authorize a strike don’t necessarily mean a strike will happen. 13 A strike wouldn’t happen unless negotiations between the unions and the airlines’ management break down. ▶Tip: There is no reason to panic. If a strike appears likely, travelers can monitor the situation and consider switching to another airline. ★ What if my airline has a computer meltdown? Southwest Airlines experienced two nationwide computer outages last year. 14 Southwest conducted an internal review of its technology and began implementing a three-part action plan to address service disruptions from computer glitches, including fast-tracking operational investments. ▶ Tip: When issues emerge at the airport, technological and otherwise, the best thing people can do is to be patient. Read your airline’s policy on compensation for canceled flights. 15 The more patient that passengers can be, the better it will make everything smoother as they try to fix everything. A．And don’t forget to advocate for yourself. B．In that way you don’t miss updates and offers. C．But technology hasn’t always been up to the task. D．And that can determine how smooth your plane ride is. E．The votes are routine steps in their contract negotiations. F．They can get overloaded because of helping to ease people’s stress. G．That was a symptom of operating on outdated computer infrastructures. （二） If you’re afraid to fly, you’re in good company. About 40% of Americans feel some fear at the thought of flying. 16 , these tips can help. 17 Exposure therapy is the idea that being exposed to something you’re afraid of over and over again calms down your limbic system so it doesn’t fire up as fast. That could mean less anxiety in the long run. During the night, distract yourself When we’re really anxious, we can’t think straight. The key is to try to connect to your rational, thinking brain. When we really focus on thinking, like doing a math problem, our emotional brain calms down. Try a crossword puzzle or Sudoku, read a really juicy romance novel or get through a pile of paperwork. 18 . If you hit turbulence (气流), don’t force yourself to calm down During a rough flight, you might be to take slow, deep breaths to calm down. 19   . It’s nearly impossible to stop your fight-or-flight response, once it’s been triggered. Remind yourself that your body is having a normal response to a perceived threat. Consult with a doctor about medication (冥想), if you feel you might need it There are medications pretty quickly taking down anxiety.   20 , talk with your primary care doctor or a psychiatrist. Try to think of a medication that’s not just short-term, but something that can help you bring your baseline anxiety down. A．But don’t try to stop the experience B．Try to hold back your feeling of fear C．If you do need medication to get on a plane D．Board your flight with plenty of distractions E．Face your fear, repeatedly but in small doses F．If you did almost anything but can’t avoid flights G．That’s where I agree with because that experience is terrible 完形填空 Last year marked 20 years since the deadliest accident in the history of Italian aviation (航空). In October 2001, the Linate Airport disaster 21 more than 100 people lose their lives 22 a ground crash at Milan’s most centrally-located commercial airport. The 23 involved a Scandinavian Airlines McDonnell Douglas MD-87 and a private Cessna Citation CJ2. The date of the accident was October 8th, 2001. On this day, MD-87 was set to 24 a direct flight from Milan Linate to Copenhagen in Denmark. This 25 had 104 passengers and six crew onboard. Also set to 26 Milan Linate that morning was the Cessna CJ2. Headed for Paris, there were just four people onboard. On the morning of October 8th, 2001, foggy conditions prevailed (占优势) at Milan Linate Airport. Such weather can 27 visibility to minimal levels, potentially causing 28 operational trouble at airports. There is a very real 29 to it, as misunderstandings can be deadly in low visibility. 30 , Vincenzo Fusco, the airport’s director, stated that conditions were still 31 for flying. The Cessna’s pilots, 32 in the fog, took a wrong turn on the runway, which could have been 33 if there had been a ground radar (雷达) system at the airport. At 08:09, air traffic control advised MD-87’s pilots that they were clear to take-off. Less than a minute after this clearance, the departing MD-87 34 with the Cessna as it crossed the runway. The crash and the resulting fire destroyed both of the aircraft, leaving all the passengers and pilots 35 in the tragedy dead. 21．A．offered B．saw C．affected D．predicted 22．A．due to B．despite C．apart from D．with regard to 23．A．occasion B．situation C．tragedy D．adventure 24．A．unfold B．command C．operate D．distribute 25．A．company B．profession C．trade D．service 26．A．depart B．transform C．orbit D．enter 27．A．increase B．reduce C．enhance D．recover 28．A．current B．magical C．odd D．severe 29．A．danger B．loss C．prejudice D．response 30．A．Therefore B．Thankfully C．Literally D．However 31．A．necessary B．suitable C．convenient D．ready 32．A．engaged B．connected C．lost D．experienced 33．A．noticed B．emphasized C．ignored D．generated 34．A．replaced B．crashed C．contrasted D．quarreled 35．A．dressed B．absorbed C．buried D．involved 语篇填空 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 嫦娥六号任务取得圆满成功 China’s Chang’e-6 lunar probe returns with first-ever samples from far side of the moon China has made spaceflight history yet again. China’s Chang’e-6 lunar probe returned to Earth on Tuesday, 36 (bring) back the first-ever samples from the unexplored far side of the moon. The re-entry capsule landed in the northern Chinese region of Inner Mongolia at 2:07 p.m. local time, according to a Google-translated update from the China National Space Administration (CNSA), 37 declared the mission a “complete success.” Chang’e-6 returned to Earth with soil 38 (collect) from the South Pole-Aitken Basin — a massive crater in the lunar hemisphere (半球) that always faces away from Earth. The new samples will 39 (probable) offer researchers around the globe useful keys for answering 40 (question) about the moon, and will likely bring a range of invaluable 41 (science) payoffs. The probe landed on the moon on June 2, 42 (take) off again on June 4 and then spent 13 days in the moon’s orbit before returning to Earth. 43 total, Chang’e-6 mission took 53 days from its May 3 departure from the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan, 44 island off China’s south coast. Chinese President Xi Jinping conveyed his congratulations to the CNSA for “another landmark 45 (achieve) in building a strong country in space, and science and technology.” 应用文写作 46．欣闻神舟十八号载人飞船发射成功，上周六你们班全体同学参观了一场太空科学展览。请你以“A Trip to the Space Science Exhibition”为题向校英文报投稿，介绍此次活动。内容包括： 1.展览概况； 2.个人感想。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Trip to the Space Science Exhibition ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 07航空航天 航空航天时事热点资讯 突发！中国航天再收一则喜讯！美国又要破防了，事情不简单！ 据北京日报客户端报道，近日，在太原卫星发射中心海上发射团队的组织指挥下，来自北京的民营火箭企业——星河动力航天公司于山东附近海域圆满完成谷神星一号海射型（遥三）发射任务，顺利将云遥一号15-17星、吉天星A-03星、苏星一号01星、天辅高分二号卫星共6颗卫星送入535公里的太阳同步轨道。云遥一号15-17星三颗卫星技术状态一致，卫星配置GNSS掩星载荷及长波红外相机，主要用于提供气象观测服务； 此次任务是星河动力航天公司完成的第三次海上发射任务，也是谷神星一号海射型首次执行中远海发射任务，进一步验证了海射型灵活的轨道和任务适应性。作为目前民营唯一可以兼顾陆/海发射平台的火箭箭型，谷神星一号商业运载火箭已实现了灵活的轨道适应能力和高密度发射能力，能够最大程度地快速满足不同卫星用户的发射需求。     与传统陆地发射相比，海上发射拥有诸多优势，它更加灵活，可以根据发射任务的需求，选择合适的纬度和海域进行发射，从而更便捷地将卫星送入预定轨道，海上发射可以避开人口密集区域，安全性更高，海上发射还可以利用海水进行降温，降低发射成本,海上发射也面临着更大的技术挑战，例如海面环境复杂多变，对火箭的稳定性和安全性提出了更高的要求，而谷神星一号海射型运载火箭，凭借其强大的技术实力，成功克服了这些难题，为中国商业航天开辟了一条全新的道路。   此次神谷星一号海射型遥三运载火箭的成功，不仅仅是一次技术上的突破，更是人类对未知世界探索的又一次迈进。它将为卫星发射、空间探索等领域带来新的机遇和挑战。未来，我们有理由相信，随着航天技术的不断发展，更多的奇迹将在这片浩瀚的宇宙中诞生。在这个充满希望与挑战的时代，神谷星一号海射型遥三运载火箭的发射成功，激励着每一个怀揣梦想的人。让我们共同期待，人类在航天领域创造出更加辉煌的成就，开启更加壮丽的宇宙征程。     值得一提的是，近日美国国家航空航天局（NASA）在太空停留时间最长的宇航员最近鼓励两位被困在国际空间站的同事保持积极心态，“继续做好工作”。NASA宇航员弗兰克·鲁比奥（Frank Rubio）深谙任务意外延长的感受。他在国际空间站的任务持续了一年多，比原计划整整多了一倍时间。因此，在过去的两周里，他一直在帮助这两位因任务延长而滞留的同事。鲁比奥表示，他在周四与苏尼·威廉姆斯（Suni Williams）进行了交流，并对她和布奇·威尔莫尔（Butch Wilmore）如何应对困境感到非常自豪。 波音新飞船于近期发射，按照原计划，两名宇航员应该在2周后从国际空间站返回，拿到大笔奖金就退休，然而天有不测风云，波音的星际客机飞船就如同他们的737客机一样，一上天就出了岔子。在发射之前，星际客机就出现了氦气泄漏的问题。但波音认为无关紧要，坚持继续发射。不料飞船进入地球轨道之后，氦气泄漏越来越严重，接连发现了5个漏点。氦气是用来给发动机燃料贮箱增压用的，如果漏光了，飞船发动机就无法启动，那可就麻烦了。    宇航员布奇·威尔莫尔和苏尼·威廉姆斯目前因为星际客机的技术问题，无法返航。这是波音星际客机首次载人测试飞行。美国宇航局（NASA）在近日的新闻发布会上就接回宇航员提出了几种选择。一种选择是让他们乘坐星际客机返回；另一种选择是让他们在空间站停留大约7个月，并搭乘SpaceX的Crew Dragon飞船返回。美国宇航局表示：“星际客机地面团队正在分析最近测试的结果，完成飞船集成推进系统的飞行准备，并在星际客机返回地球之前确认系统可靠性。” 波音飞船的问题已经不是首次说明了，而且波音飞船面对的问题比想象中严重，由于在首次载人飞行的过程之中出现了问题，那意味着要解决这个问题需要时间。此前NASA已经公开表示了，下一次波音飞船的任务将会延期，但是还会不会继续推迟，这还是未知数，这主要看波音飞船解决的情。其次，这一次波音飞船找龙飞船来接，对波音来说是一次沉重的打击，因为两者是竞争对手。对波音是伤痛，而对龙飞船来说，是一次喜讯。 马斯克SpaceX的“龙飞船”,一次可以将七位宇航员送上太空，它不仅可以载人，而且还可以运货。在波音没有掺合进来之前，一直都是“龙飞船”负责载人运货。马斯克的“龙飞船”可靠性非常高，因为它已经多次使用了。现在看来，“龙飞船”大概率要接两位宇航员回家了，因为NASA方面已经对“龙飞船”提出了要求。 “龙飞船”是七人座的，NASA要求“龙飞船”减少座位数量，毕竟这一次只带两个人回来。   航空航天阅读拓展 词汇清单       单词 1.     explore v.①探测；探索 ②探讨；探究 2.     exploration  n. 1 勘探：勘察②研究；探究 3.     space n. ①太空②空间；空地   space travel太空旅行  spacewalk  n 太空行走   permanent space station 永久空间站 space lab 空间实验室 4.     planet n. 行星 5.     solar  adj 太阳的；利用太阳能的     solar energy 太阳能  solar panel 太阳能板 6.     lunar adj 月球的；以月球公转测度的 7.     the lunar calendar 阴历    lunar rover 月球车 8.     launch v. ①发射；使（船）下水 ②把……投放市场  ③发动；创办 n. ①发射②（新产品的)投放市场  ③(新书的)发行    launch site 发射场  launch area发射区 9.     send  v. ①（通过无线电或电流）发射，发送，传送(信号)   ②邮寄；发送 ③打发；派(人)；安排……去      ④传达；转告 send up 发出；射出；长出 send out 发出(光、味、声音等)；送出；派遣 send away 解雇；把……打发走 10.   satellite /'satelart/all n 卫星  artificial satellite 人造卫星 11.   orbit   n （天体等运行的）轨道    V 沿轨道运行 12.   detector n.探测器   13.   probe  v. 调查，打探，探究  n. 探究, 航天探测器，太空探测器 14.   gravity  n 重力；地心引力 15.   universe n [常与 the连用]宇宙 16.   globe  n [the globe]地球；世界 17.   equator n [用单数，常用作 the equator]赤道 18.   astronomy n天文学 19.   astronaut n宇航员 20.   astronomer  n天文学家 21.   spaceship  n宇宙飞船 22.   spacecraft n. 航天(飞行)器，字害飞题， 23.   rocket n 火箭；火箭弹  v.飞速上升；飞驰 24.   shuttle n ① 航天飞机   ②短程穿梭运行的车辆、周等   ③(织布机的)梭 25.   capsule  n 太空舱；(药剂的)胶囊 26.   lift-off   n (航天器的)发射；起飞；升 27.   countdown n. 倒数读秒；倒计时 28.   take-off  n 飞机起飞 29.   landing   n 着陆；降落 30.   touchdown  n (飞机或航天器的)着陆；降 31.   weightless  adj 失重的；无重量的 32.   spacesuit  n 航天服；宇航服 33.   manned adj.载人的  manned spaceship 载人飞船  34.   unmanned   adj 无人操纵的   35.   telescope  n 望远镜 36.   observatory n 天文台；气象台 37.   *alien  adj 外星人的；陌生的；异域的 n 外星人；侨民 38.   black hole 黑洞 39.   light year 光年（光在真空中传播一年的距离) 40.   Milky Way 银河 41.   galaxy n. 星系；银河， 短语 1.       Shenzhou XII神州十二号 2.       Tianhe, Harmony of Heaven 天和 3.       Long March 5B heavy-lift rocket 长征五号B运载火箭 4.       Long March 7 rocket长征七号 5.       Tianzhou 2 cargo spacecraft天舟二号货运飞船 6.       China Manned Space Agency 中国载人航天飞船办公室 7.       China National Space Administration 中国航天局 8.  NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) 美国航空航天局 9.       the facilities and equipment 设施设备 10.    in good condition 状态良好 11.    various pre-launch function checks 发射前各种功能检查 12.    joint test 联合测试 13.    dock with 与...对接 14.    space docking 空间对接 15.    rendezvous and docking  交会对接 16.    after entering orbit 入轨后 17.    low-Earth orbit  近地轨道 18.    living materials 生活物资 19.    collect samples  采样 20.    3D projection 3D 投影 21.    launch a rocket 发射火箭 22.    China Aerospace 中国航天 23.    take in a lunar eclipse 观看月食 24.    think outside the box 跳出固有思维模式 25.    break new ground 开辟了新的领域 26.    the cutting edge of ……的技术前沿 27.    advance by leaps and bounds突飞猛进 28.    extraordinary contributions杰出贡献 29.    remarkable achievements 非凡的成就 30.    lunar exploration adventure月球探索冒险 31.    at/in / to the forefront (of sth) 处于（……的）最前列 句式 1. In 2015, a major breakthrough in technology was made, using independent research and development. 2015年，利用自主研发，在技术上取得了重大突破。 2. This is a GPS app that maps your routes and records your time and distances. 这是一款GPS应用程序，可以绘制路线图并记录时间和距离。 3. Some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI. 一些科学家敦促我们思考人工智能的进步带来的危险。 4. Technological developments, with all their downside, can lift people out of that backbreaking toil. 科技的发展尽管存在许多弊端，却使人们摆脱了繁重的劳作。 5. This was a remarkable achievement by the Chinese team of scientists in such a short space of time. 这是中国科学家团队在如此短的时间内取得的一项了不起的成就。 6. Are you looking for a sports watch to help you keep track of your fitness and chart your training progress? 你是否在寻找一款运动手表来帮你跟踪体能状况，记录训练进度? 拓展阅读训练 NASA (美国航空航天局) is looking for a new way to get its precious Mars samples back to the earth. Those samples are being collected by the Perseverance rover in Mars’Jezero Crater, which hosted a lake and a river delta billions of years ago. Getting the samples is one of NASA’s top science goals. Studying unspoiled Red Planet material in well-equipped labs around the world could reveal key insights into Mars, including whether it has ever hosted life. The agency has had a Mars sample return (MSR) structure in place for some time now, but repeated delays and cost overruns seem to have made the original plan hard to realize. “The bottom line is that $ 11 billion is too much, and not returning samples until 2040 is unacceptably too long,” NASA chief Bill Nelson said during a call with reporters. That price tag is the upper-end estimate calculated by an independent review board. A team from within NASA analyzed those September results, determining that the agency won’t be able to get Perseverance’s samples back to Earth until 2040 with the established structure. NASA is now seeking a new way forward in an attempt to cut costs and get the samples here sooner. Saving money will aid other agency science projects, and speeding up the timeline could help the agency plan out manned Mars trips. The wheels on the new plan are already turning. NASA is asking the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California — its lead facility for robotic planetary exploration — and other agency research centers for innovative MSR ideas. NASA will hold an industry day and accept proposals. The goal is to have enough information on hand by late fall or early winter to begin charting a new path forward on MSR. MSR remains a top priority for NASA, despite the difficulty of the task. After all, no country has ever launched a rocket from the surface of another planet, though three countries have launched  from the moon. “I think it’s fair to say that we are committed to bring back the samples, for this is an important national objective.” Nelson said. 1．What’s the main function of paragraph 2? A．To draw readers’ attention to this topic. B．To warn the readers of a possible failure. C．To stress the importance of Mars samples. D．To introduce some background information. 2．What does Bill Nelson think of the original MSR structure? A．Efficient. B．Impractical. C．Sensible. D．Conservative. 3．Why is NASA seeking a new way to get its Mars samples back to Earth? A．The current method is costly and takes too long. B．The current method is too risky and unreliable. C．It takes a sophisticated container to convey the samples. D．The samples have been spoiled and need to be handled differently. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．NASA’s huge project B．MSR, a promising plan C．NASA’s Mars sample return plan calls for overall adjustments D．NASA’s campaign to return Mars Samples to Earth is on hold 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了将火星样本带回地球原本的方法不切实际，美国宇航局正在寻找一种新的方法将珍贵的火星样本带回地球。 1．推理判断题。第一段中“NASA (美国航空航天局) is looking for a new way to get its precious Mars samples back to the earth.(美国宇航局正在寻找一种新的方法将珍贵的火星样本带回地球)”提到，美国宇航局正在寻找一种新的方法将珍贵的火星样本带回地球，根据第二段中“The agency has had a Mars sample return (MSR) structure in place for some time now, but repeated delays and cost overruns seem to have made the original plan hard to realize. “The bottom line is that $ 11 billion is too much, and not returning samples until 2040 is unacceptably too long,” NASA chief Bill Nelson said during a call with reporters. That price tag is the upper-end estimate calculated by an independent review board. A team from within NASA analyzed those September results, determining that the agency won’t be able to get Perseverance’s samples back to Earth until 2040 with the established structure.(该机构已经有了火星样本返回(MSR)结构一段时间了，但一再延误和成本超支似乎使最初的计划难以实现。‘底线是110亿美元太多了，直到2040年才返回样本是不可接受的，’美国宇航局局长Bill Nelson在与记者的电话会议上说。这个价格标签是由一个独立审查委员会估算的上限。美国宇航局内部的一个团队分析了9月份的结果，确定该机构要到2040年才能将毅力号的样本带回到地球)”可知，本段是对于将火星样本带回地球介绍一些背景信息，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The agency has had a Mars sample return (MSR) structure in place for some time now, but repeated delays and cost overruns seem to have made the original plan hard to realize. ‘The bottom line is that $ 11 billion is too much, and not returning samples until 2040 is unacceptably too long,’(该机构已经有了火星样本返回(MSR)结构一段时间了，但一再延误和成本超支似乎使最初的计划难以实现。‘底线是110亿美元太多了，直到2040年才返回样本是不可接受的，’)”可知，Bill Nelson认为原本的MSR结构不切实际，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The bottom line is that $ 11 billion is too much, and not returning samples until 2040 is unacceptably too long, (底线是110亿美元太多了，直到2040年才返回样本是不可接受的)”和第三段中“NASA is now seeking a new way forward in an attempt to cut costs and get the samples here sooner.(美国国家航空航天局现在正在寻找新的方法，试图降低成本，更快地将样品送到这里)”可知，NASA正在寻找一种将火星样本带回地球的新方法，是因为目前的方法花费大，时间太长，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“NASA (美国航空航天局) is looking for a new way to get its precious Mars samples back to the earth.(美国宇航局正在寻找一种新的方法将珍贵的火星样本带回地球)”以及第二段中“The agency has had a Mars sample return (MSR) structure in place for some time now, but repeated delays and cost overruns seem to have made the original plan hard to realize.(该机构已经有了火星样本返回(MSR)结构一段时间了，但一再延误和成本超支似乎使最初的计划难以实现)”可知，文章主要讲述将火星样本带回地球原本的方法不切实际，美国宇航局正在寻找一种新的方法将珍贵的火星样本带回地球，C项“美国宇航局的火星样本返回计划要求进行全面调整”为最佳标题，故选C。 高频词汇训练 单词拼写 1．I’ve also found that playing some quiet music while doing this helps — something in the background that’s soothing but not (令人分心). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】distracting 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我还发现，在做这件事的时候放一些安静的音乐也有帮助——一些舒缓但不会分散注意力的背景音乐。此处为形容词作表语，根据提示的汉语，表示“令人分心”应为distracting。故填distracting。 2．The availability of new passenger cars each year depends on whether car makers successfully complete an (排放物) certification process. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】emission 【详解】考查名词。句意：每年新客运车的可用性取决于汽车制造商是否成功完成了排放认证程序。根据“an”可知，空处应以元音音素开头，作定语修饰“certification”；emission为名词，表示“排放物”，符合句子和句意。故填emission。 3．Zhejiang had (提升) its emergency response to Level I, the highest level, starting at noon on Saturday, the provincial emergency management department said. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】upgraded 【详解】考查动词。句意：省应急管理部门表示，从周六中午开始，浙江省已将其应急响应升级为一级，即最高级别。结合“its emergency response to Level I”可知，“提升”应用动词upgrade，结合“had”可知，时态为过去完成时，upgrade需用过去分词的形式。故填upgraded。 4．The wide-eyed look of fascination and lack of expression is mechanical, as if mass (大量生产) like anime books and magazines. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】manufactured 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这种睁大眼睛的迷恋和缺乏表达的表情是机械的，就像大量生产的动漫书籍和杂志一样。空格处作谓语，根据汉语提示“大量生产”是manufacture，此处应用一般过去时。故填manufactured。 5．An area in a roadway from which traffic is excluded provides safe area for (步行者). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】pedestrians 【详解】考查名词。句意：道路上不让来往车辆通过的区域为行人提供了安全区域。“步行者”应用名词pedestrian，作for的宾语，且空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词pedestrian应用复数形式，泛指这一群体。故填pedestrians。 6．We divided our available time into two parts. First, we visited a famous tower to clarify our (疑问) about it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】puzzles 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们把可利用的时间分成两部分： 首先，我们参观了一座著名的塔，弄清关于它的种种疑问。形容词性物主代词后用名词，根据汉语提示“疑问”是puzzle，our+复数名词。填puzzles。 7．A Chinese (智力游戏) consisting of a square cut into five triangles, a square, and a rhomboid, to be reassembled into different figures. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】puzzle 【详解】考查名词。句意：一种中国智力游戏，由一个正方形切成五个三角形、一个正方形和一个菱形，重新组合成不同的图形。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“智力游戏”应用puzzle，为可数名词，且由空前A可知，这里应用单数形式作主语。故填puzzle。 8．But talk of peace and reconciliation is just fanciful and theoretical unless we are prepared to undergo such a (巨变). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】revolution 【详解】考查名词。句意：但是，除非我们准备进行这样的变革，否则谈论和平与和解只是空想和理论。根据汉语提示，这里应用revolution，为可数名词，且前面有a修饰，这里应用名词单数，作undergo的宾语。故填revolution。 9．Spaniards gobble a dozen grapes, each fruit representing a month that will be either sweet or (酸的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】sour 【详解】考查形容词。句意：西班牙人在新年来临之际会迅速吃下十二颗葡萄，每一颗葡萄代表着一个月，预示着未来的日子将或甜或酸。根据汉语提示“酸的”可知，此处使用形容词sour，作表语。故填sour。 10．Some of my (英雄) are real people, and some are from stories.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】heroes 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：我心目中的英雄有些是真人，有些是故事里的人物。“英雄”为hero；根据Some和are可知，此空为名词复数形式，注意hero变复数需加⁃es，故填heroes。 阅读七选五 （一） Flight disruptions have periodically made it difficult for people to reach their destinations. Here are three of the biggest potential flight disruptors and what you can do about them: ★ How could the weather disrupt flights this summer? Wild weather can hinder air travel, whether it’s an Arizona monsoon storm or a hurricane over the Atlantic Ocean or the Gulf of Mexico. That can affect whether your flight is delayed or canceled. 11 Extreme climate conditions also can disrupt air travel, as the Canadian wildfires demonstrated recently. ▶ Tip: If bad weather is expected, monitor the conditions in your flight path and take advantage of airline offers to reschedule without change fees. Download your airline’s app and enable notifications. 12 ★ Is a pilot strike likely this summer? In May, American Airlines and Southwest Airlines pilots’ unions voted to authorize strikes. While it appears unlikely that pilots will strike at either airline, a work stoppage could be a problem. The votes by the American and Southwest pilots’ unions to authorize a strike don’t necessarily mean a strike will happen. 13 A strike wouldn’t happen unless negotiations between the unions and the airlines’ management break down. ▶Tip: There is no reason to panic. If a strike appears likely, travelers can monitor the situation and consider switching to another airline. ★ What if my airline has a computer meltdown? Southwest Airlines experienced two nationwide computer outages last year. 14 Southwest conducted an internal review of its technology and began implementing a three-part action plan to address service disruptions from computer glitches, including fast-tracking operational investments. ▶ Tip: When issues emerge at the airport, technological and otherwise, the best thing people can do is to be patient. Read your airline’s policy on compensation for canceled flights. 15 The more patient that passengers can be, the better it will make everything smoother as they try to fix everything. A．And don’t forget to advocate for yourself. B．In that way you don’t miss updates and offers. C．But technology hasn’t always been up to the task. D．And that can determine how smooth your plane ride is. E．The votes are routine steps in their contract negotiations. F．They can get overloaded because of helping to ease people’s stress. G．That was a symptom of operating on outdated computer infrastructures. 【答案】11．D 12．B 13．E 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三个最大的潜在飞行干扰因素，以及你可以采取的措施。 11．根据上文“Wild weather can hinder air travel, whether it’s an Arizona monsoon storm or a hurricane over the Atlantic Ocean or the Gulf of Mexico. That can affect whether your flight is delayed or canceled.(无论是亚利桑那州的季风风暴，还是大西洋或墨西哥湾的飓风，恶劣的天气都会阻碍航空旅行。这可能会影响你的航班是否延误或取消)”可知，恶劣的天气都会阻碍航空旅行，影响航班是否正常运行。由此可知，D. And that can determine how smooth your plane ride is.(那会决定你的飞机飞行有多平稳)能够衔接上文，继续说明恶劣天气对飞机带来的影响，符合语境。故选D。 12．根据上文“Tip: If bad weather is expected, monitor the conditions in your flight path and take advantage of airline offers to reschedule without change fees. Download your airline’s app and enable notifications.(提示：如果预计会有恶劣天气，请监控你飞行路线的情况，并利用航空公司提供的免费改订时间。下载航空公司的应用程序，启用通知功能)”可知，此处建议下载航空公司的应用程序，并启用通知功能，及时接受信息。由此可知，B. In that way you don’t miss updates and offers. (这样你就不会错过更新和优惠了)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选B。 13．根据上文“The votes by the American and Southwest pilots’ unions to authorize a strike don’t necessarily mean a strike will happen.(美国航空和西南航空飞行员工会投票批准罢工并不一定意味着罢工会发生)”下文“A strike wouldn’t happen unless negotiations between the unions and the airlines’ management break down.(除非工会和航空公司管理层之间的谈判破裂，否则不会发生罢工)”可知，此处讲的是投票和谈判的问题。由此可知，E. The votes are routine steps in their contract negotiations.(投票是他们合同谈判中的常规步骤)能够承上启下，符合语境。其中votes和negotiations是关键词。故选E。 14．根据上文“What if my airline has a computer meltdown?(如果我的航空公司的电脑崩溃了怎么办？)”及“Southwest Airlines experienced two nationwide computer outages last year.(西南航空公司去年经历了两次全国性的电脑中断)”可知，此处讲的是航空公司的电脑出现故障的问题。由此可知，C. But technology hasn’t always been up to the task.(但技术并不总是能胜任这项任务)能够衔接上文，说明技术并不总是能够防止电脑故障的发生，符合语境。故选C。 15．根据上文“Tip: When issues emerge at the airport, technological and otherwise, the best thing people can do is to be patient. Read your airline’s policy on compensation for canceled flights.(提示：当在机场出现问题时，无论是技术问题还是其他问题，人们能做的最好的事情就是耐心等待。阅读航空公司关于取消航班的赔偿政策)”可知，此处建议当机场出现问题时，人们要耐心等待，阅读相关的赔偿政策。由此可知，A. And don’t forget to advocate for yourself.(别忘了为自己辩护)能够衔接上文，说明要根据补偿政策，为自己辩护，且句式与空前句式一致，都是祈使句，符合语境。故选A。 （二） If you’re afraid to fly, you’re in good company. About 40% of Americans feel some fear at the thought of flying. 16 , these tips can help. 17 Exposure therapy is the idea that being exposed to something you’re afraid of over and over again calms down your limbic system so it doesn’t fire up as fast. That could mean less anxiety in the long run. During the night, distract yourself When we’re really anxious, we can’t think straight. The key is to try to connect to your rational, thinking brain. When we really focus on thinking, like doing a math problem, our emotional brain calms down. Try a crossword puzzle or Sudoku, read a really juicy romance novel or get through a pile of paperwork. 18 . If you hit turbulence (气流), don’t force yourself to calm down During a rough flight, you might be to take slow, deep breaths to calm down. 19   . It’s nearly impossible to stop your fight-or-flight response, once it’s been triggered. Remind yourself that your body is having a normal response to a perceived threat. Consult with a doctor about medication (冥想), if you feel you might need it There are medications pretty quickly taking down anxiety.   20 , talk with your primary care doctor or a psychiatrist. Try to think of a medication that’s not just short-term, but something that can help you bring your baseline anxiety down. A．But don’t try to stop the experience B．Try to hold back your feeling of fear C．If you do need medication to get on a plane D．Board your flight with plenty of distractions E．Face your fear, repeatedly but in small doses F．If you did almost anything but can’t avoid flights G．That’s where I agree with because that experience is terrible 【答案】16．F 17．E 18．D 19．A 20．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何克服飞行恐惧，包括面对恐惧、分散注意力、接受恐惧和寻求医疗帮助等方法。 16．根据上文“About 40% of Americans feel some fear at the thought of flying.(大约40%的美国人一想到坐飞机就感到害怕)”引出话题，提到很多人坐飞机感到害怕。以及下文“these tips can help.(这些建议会有所帮助)”提到有帮助的建议。由此可知，F项If you did almost anything but can’t avoid flights(如果你做了几乎所有的事情，但无法避免航班)起到承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 17．由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“Exposure therapy is the idea that being exposed to something you’re afraid of over and over again calms down your limbic system so it doesn’t fire up as fast. That could mean less anxiety in the long run.(暴露疗法是指，一次又一次地暴露在你害怕的事物中，会让你的大脑边缘系统平静下来，这样它就不会那么快地兴奋起来。从长远来看，这可能意味着更少的焦虑)”可知，本段讲的是一次又一次地暴露在你害怕的事物中。由此可知，E项Face your fear, repeatedly but in small doses.(面对你的恐惧，反复但要从小做起)与本段主旨一致，能够总结该段内容。故选E项。 18．根据上文“Try a crossword puzzle or Sudoku, read a really juicy romance novel or get through a pile of paperwork.(试试填字游戏或数独游戏，读一本有趣的浪漫小说，或者处理一堆文书工作)”可知，此处提到一些分散自己的注意力的方法。由此可知，D项Board your flight with plenty of distractions.(带着很多让你分心的东西登机)和上文意思一致，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选D项。 19．根据上文“During a rough flight, you might be to take slow, deep breaths to calm down. (在颠簸的飞行中，你可能需要缓慢地深呼吸来平静下来)”可知，此处提到遇到气流时的颠簸飞行。以及下文“It’s nearly impossible to stop your fight-or-flight response, once it’s been triggered.(一旦你的“战或逃”反应被触发，你几乎不可能停止这种反应)”说明你采取行为的结果。由此可知，A项But don’t try to stop the experience(但不要试图阻止这种体验)起到承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选A项。 20．根据上文“There are medications pretty quickly taking down anxiety.(有些药物能很快消除焦虑)”以及下文“talk with your primary care doctor or a psychiatrist.(与你的初级保健医生或精神科医生谈谈)”可知，此处提到药物能很快消除焦虑。由此可知，C项If you do need medication to get on a plane(如果你确实需要药物才能上飞机)承接上文内容，同时和下文形成一句完整的话，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选C项。 完形填空 Last year marked 20 years since the deadliest accident in the history of Italian aviation (航空). In October 2001, the Linate Airport disaster 21 more than 100 people lose their lives 22 a ground crash at Milan’s most centrally-located commercial airport. The 23 involved a Scandinavian Airlines McDonnell Douglas MD-87 and a private Cessna Citation CJ2. The date of the accident was October 8th, 2001. On this day, MD-87 was set to 24 a direct flight from Milan Linate to Copenhagen in Denmark. This 25 had 104 passengers and six crew onboard. Also set to 26 Milan Linate that morning was the Cessna CJ2. Headed for Paris, there were just four people onboard. On the morning of October 8th, 2001, foggy conditions prevailed (占优势) at Milan Linate Airport. Such weather can 27 visibility to minimal levels, potentially causing 28 operational trouble at airports. There is a very real 29 to it, as misunderstandings can be deadly in low visibility. 30 , Vincenzo Fusco, the airport’s director, stated that conditions were still 31 for flying. The Cessna’s pilots, 32 in the fog, took a wrong turn on the runway, which could have been 33 if there had been a ground radar (雷达) system at the airport. At 08:09, air traffic control advised MD-87’s pilots that they were clear to take-off. Less than a minute after this clearance, the departing MD-87 34 with the Cessna as it crossed the runway. The crash and the resulting fire destroyed both of the aircraft, leaving all the passengers and pilots 35 in the tragedy dead. 21．A．offered B．saw C．affected D．predicted 22．A．due to B．despite C．apart from D．with regard to 23．A．occasion B．situation C．tragedy D．adventure 24．A．unfold B．command C．operate D．distribute 25．A．company B．profession C．trade D．service 26．A．depart B．transform C．orbit D．enter 27．A．increase B．reduce C．enhance D．recover 28．A．current B．magical C．odd D．severe 29．A．danger B．loss C．prejudice D．response 30．A．Therefore B．Thankfully C．Literally D．However 31．A．necessary B．suitable C．convenient D．ready 32．A．engaged B．connected C．lost D．experienced 33．A．noticed B．emphasized C．ignored D．generated 34．A．replaced B．crashed C．contrasted D．quarreled 35．A．dressed B．absorbed C．buried D．involved 【答案】 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．C 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．D 31．B 32．C 33．A 34．B 35．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了意大利航空史上最致命的飞机地面碰撞事故。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2001年10月，米兰最中心的商业机场利纳特机场发生地面坠毁事故，造成100多人丧生。A. offered提供；B. saw看见，见证；C. affected影响；D. predicted预测。根据句意和前文“the Linate Airport disaster”可知，此处应用动词see表示“见证（事件）”。故选B项。 22．考查（复合）介词词义辨析。句意：2001年10月，米兰最中心的商业机场利纳特机场发生地面坠毁事故，造成100多人丧生。A. due to由于；B. despite尽管；C. apart from除了；D. with regard to关于。后文“a ground crash”是前文“more than 100 people lose their lives”的原因。故选A项。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这场悲剧涉及一架斯堪的纳维亚航空公司的麦道MD-87飞机和一架私人塞斯纳Citation CJ2飞机。A. occasion场合；B. situation形势；C. tragedy悲剧；D. adventure冒险。根据前文“more than 100 people lose their lives”可知，这是一场悲剧。故选C项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当天，MD-87将从米兰利纳特直飞丹麦哥本哈根。A. unfold展开；B. command命令；C. operate操作，经营，使运行；D. distribute分配。根据后文“a direct flight from Milan Linate to Copenhagen in Denmark”可知，飞机飞行的是米兰利纳特到哥本哈根的航线。故选C项。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该航班载有104名乘客和6名机组人员。A. company公司；B. profession职业；C. trade贸易；D. service服务，（对顾客的）接待。根据前文“a direct flight”可知，此处指这趟航班服务。故选D项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样在那天早上从米兰利纳特出发的还有塞斯纳CJ2。A. depart离开，出发；B. transform改变；C. orbit围绕……运动；D. enter进入。根据语境和后文“Headed for Paris, there were just four people onboard”可知，还有飞机CJ2要出发。故选A项。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样的天气会将能见度降低到最低水平，可能会给机场带来严重的运营问题。A. increase增加；B. reduce减少，降低；C. enhance增强；D. recover恢复。根据前文“foggy conditions”可知，这种天气降低能见度。故选B项。 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这样的天气会将能见度降低到最低水平，可能会给机场带来严重的运营问题。A. current当前的；B. magical神奇的；C. odd古怪的；D. severe严峻的，十分严重的。根据前文“Such weather can 　　　　 visibility to minimal levels”可知，因为能见度低，所以会给机场带来严重的问题。故选D项。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个非常现实的危险，因为在低能见度下，误判可能是致命的。A. danger危险；B. loss损失；C. prejudice偏见；D. response反应。根据后文“as misunderstandings can be deadly in low visibility”可知，这是非常危险的。故选A项。 30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，机场负责人Vincenzo Fusco表示，目前的条件仍然适合飞行。A. Therefore因此；B. Thankfully谢天谢地；C. Literally字面上；D. However然而。根据后文“stated that conditions were still 　　　　 for flying”的含义分析可知，此处与前文存在转折关系。故选D项。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，机场负责人Vincenzo Fusco表示，目前的条件仍然适合飞行。A. necessary必要的；B. suitable合适的；C. convenient方便的；D. ready准备好的。根据后文“The Cessna’s pilots, 　　　　in the fog, took a wrong turn on the runway”可知，负责人认为条件适合飞行，才造成后来的事故。故选B项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这架塞斯纳飞机的飞行员在大雾中迷失了方向，在跑道上拐错了弯，如果机场有地面雷达系统，就会发现这一点。A. engaged忙于，从事；B. connected连接，联系；C. lost丢失；D. experienced经历。根据后文“took a wrong turn on the runway”可知，飞行员迷失了方向。故选C项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这架塞斯纳飞机的飞行员在大雾中迷失了方向，在跑道上拐错了弯，如果机场有地面雷达系统，就会发现这一点。A. noticed注意到；B. emphasized强调；C. ignored忽视；D. generated产生。根据后文“if there had been a ground radar(雷达)system at the airport”可知，如果有雷达系统，就会注意到这一点。故选A项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在放行后不到一分钟，这架正在起飞的MD-87飞机在穿过跑道时与塞斯纳飞机相撞。A. replaced代替；B. crashed碰撞；C. contrasted对照；D. quarreled争吵。根据语境和前文“　　　　 a ground crash”可知，发生了碰撞。故选B项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：坠机和随之而来的大火摧毁了两架飞机，所有卷入这场悲剧的乘客和飞行员都遇难了。A. dressed穿衣；B. absorbed吸收；C. buried埋葬；D. involved卷入，参与。根据后文“in the tragedy”可知，指卷入这场悲剧的人员。故选D项。 语篇填空 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 嫦娥六号任务取得圆满成功 China’s Chang’e-6 lunar probe returns with first-ever samples from far side of the moon China has made spaceflight history yet again. China’s Chang’e-6 lunar probe returned to Earth on Tuesday, 36 (bring) back the first-ever samples from the unexplored far side of the moon. The re-entry capsule landed in the northern Chinese region of Inner Mongolia at 2:07 p.m. local time, according to a Google-translated update from the China National Space Administration (CNSA), 37 declared the mission a “complete success.” Chang’e-6 returned to Earth with soil 38 (collect) from the South Pole-Aitken Basin — a massive crater in the lunar hemisphere (半球) that always faces away from Earth. The new samples will 39 (probable) offer researchers around the globe useful keys for answering 40 (question) about the moon, and will likely bring a range of invaluable 41 (science) payoffs. The probe landed on the moon on June 2, 42 (take) off again on June 4 and then spent 13 days in the moon’s orbit before returning to Earth. 43 total, Chang’e-6 mission took 53 days from its May 3 departure from the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan, 44 island off China’s south coast. Chinese President Xi Jinping conveyed his congratulations to the CNSA for “another landmark 45 (achieve) in building a strong country in space, and science and technology.” 【答案】 36．bringing 37．which 38．collected 39．probably 40．questions 41．scientific 42．took 43．In 44．an 45．achievement 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国嫦娥六号月球探测器返回地球，首次从未被探索的月球背面带回了样本。 36．考查非谓语动。句意：周二，中国嫦娥六号月球探测器返回地球，首次从未被探索的月球背面带回了样本。bring back“带回”，是动词短语，句中已有谓语，且空处与主句之间没有连词连接，因此空处用作非谓语动词，和逻辑主语China’s Chang’e-6 lunar probe是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填bringing。 37．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：根据中国国家航天局(CNSA)谷歌翻译的最新消息，当地时间下午2点07分，返回舱在中国北部内蒙古地区着陆，并宣布此次任务“圆满成功”。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the China National Space Administration (CNSA)(中国国家航天局)，关系词在从句中充当declared的主语，应用which引导定语从句，故填which。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：嫦娥六号带回了从南极艾特肯盆地收集的土壤，南极艾特肯盆地是月球半球上一个巨大的陨石坑，它始终背对着地球。with复合结构中，宾语soil 和动词collect之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语，故填collected。 39．考查副词。句意：新的样本可能会为全球研究人员解答有关月球的问题提供有用的线索，并可能带来一系列宝贵的科学上的成果。此处应用副词probably作状语，修饰动词offer，故填probably。 40．考查名词复数。句意：新的样本可能会为全球研究人员解答有关月球的问题提供有用的线索，并可能带来一系列宝贵的科学上的成果。question是可数名词，前面无冠词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填questions。 41．考查形容词。句意：新的样本可能会为全球研究人员解答有关月球的问题提供有用的线索，并可能带来一系列宝贵的科学上的成果。此处应用形容词scientific作定语，修饰名词payoffs，故填scientific。 42．考查时态。句意：该探测器于6月2日降落在月球上，6月4日再次起飞，然后在月球轨道上待了13天后再返回地球。根据句中landed和spent可知，句子使用一般过去时，空处与landed和spent是并列的谓语动词，因此用过去式。故填took。 43．考查介词。句意：句意：从5月3日从海南文昌航天发射中心出发，嫦娥6号任务总共花了53天。in total固定搭配，意为“总计，合计”，句首单词首字母大写。故填In。 44．考查冠词。句意：从5月3日从海南文昌航天发射中心出发，嫦娥6号任务总共花了53天。island是可数名词，此处表泛指，且island发音是以元音音素开头，因此前边用不定冠词an。故填an。 45．考查名词。句意：中国国家主席习近平向国家航天局表示祝贺，祝贺其“在建设航天和科技强国的道路上又取得了里程碑式的成就”。此处应用名词形式achievement，作宾语，由another可知，应用名词的单数形式，故填achievement。 应用文写作 46．欣闻神舟十八号载人飞船发射成功，上周六你们班全体同学参观了一场太空科学展览。请你以“A Trip to the Space Science Exhibition”为题向校英文报投稿，介绍此次活动。内容包括： 1.展览概况； 2.个人感想。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Trip to the Space Science Exhibition ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A Trip to the Space Science Exhibition Last Saturday, our class visited a space science exhibition following the successful launch of the Shenzhou-18 manned spacecraft, which was an extraordinary journey into the mysteries of the universe. The exhibition hall was filled with fascinating displays, describing the vastness and beauty of space. There were models of rockets, satellites, and space stations. Interactive exhibits where we could simulate piloting a spacecraft or experience zero-gravity conditions made learning about space exploration even more engaging. I was inspired to explore space science and dream of one day contributing to humanity’s journey among the stars. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“A Trip to the Space Science Exhibition”为题向校英文报投稿，介绍班级全体同学参观的一场太空科学展览活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 展览：exhibition→display/show 充满：be filled with→be full of/be brimming with 非凡的：extraordinary→remarkable/special 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The exhibition hall was filled with fascinating displays, describing the vastness and beauty of space. 拓展句：The exhibition hall was filled with fascinating displays, which described the vastness and beauty of space. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Last Saturday, our class visited a space science exhibition following the successful launch of theShenzhou-18 manned spacecraft, which was an extraordinary journey into the mysteries of the universe. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。) 【高分句型2】The exhibition hall was filled with fascinating displays, describing the vastness and beauty of space. (运用了现在分词作状语。) 试卷第1页，共3页 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$