15.瓷器对文化的影响-2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期阅读热点话题(通用版)

2024-2025学年九年级英语阅读热点话题(通用版) 2024-2025学年九年级英语阅读热点话题(通用版) 15.瓷器对文化的影响 一、阅读理解 1 Weekends, air conditioners (空调), takeouts ... are all common things for modern people. Have you ever wondered if ancient people enjoyed the same lifestyles? Let’s take a look. No weekends In ancient China, there were no weekends because people did not use a weekly calendar. But they could still relax after work. During the Han Dynasty, officers took one day off every five days. During the Tang Dynasty, officers worked for ten days and rested for one day. There were also many public holidays in ancient times, such as the Spring Festival, winter solstice and the Mid-Autumn Festival. People like farmers and businessmen usually worked most of the year, but even the most hard-working people would take a few days off during the Spring Festival. Takeouts not a new thing There was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty. In the famous Song Dynasty painting Along the River during the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》), a takeout worker can be seen with food in his hand. People at the time even had special meal boxes for takeout dishes. They also used warming plates made of two layers (层) of porcelain. Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm. Smart ways of staying cool In ancient times, though people didn’t have air conditioners, they had their own ways to get through the hot summer. People collected ice blocks in winter and stored them in an icehouse. When summer came, people could take the ice blocks home and use them to make their rooms cooler. There was a kind of pillow (枕头) made of porcelain (瓷器) that felt pleasantly cool. Ancient people also made bamboo into bed mats (垫子) to sleep on. They’re still used today. 1．Why were there no weekends in ancient times? A．Because ancient people were more hard-working than modern ones. B．Because ancient people didn’t use a weekly calendar. C．Because the emperors didn’t allow their people to have a rest. D．Because ancient people wanted to make more money. 2．How many ways are mentioned to stay cool in ancient China in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．How did people in ancient times keep takeout dishes warm? A．They put hot water between plates. B．They lit candles under the dishes. C．They covered the dishes with thick cloth. D．They walked fast to deliver (送) the dishes. 4．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．In ancient China, farmers and businessmen worked all year round. B．Ancient people used bed mats made of silk to stay cool. C．Along the River during the Qingming Festival was painted in the Song Dynasty. D．Modern people still have the same lifestyles as ancient people. 5．Where can we read this passage probably? A．In a novel. B．In a guidebook. C．In a history magazine. D．In an ad. 2 China has a long history of over 5, 000 years. What can stand for (代表) China in foreign students’ eyes? The newspaper reporter interviewed some foreign students. Tom, America The Great Wall is a symbol (象征) of China in my eyes. It’s one of the ancient walls in the world. I went to the Great Wall with my family last year. I enjoyed the beautiful scenery (风景) when we got to the top. Jill, Canada China is the name of a country. But the word china also means porcelain (瓷器). I think porcelain is the symbol of China. Chinese people invented it, so China is called “the nation of porcelain”. Chinese porcelain is sold at home and abroad. It is so beautiful that all my family like it. I even have a Chinese porcelain vase (花瓶) in my bedroom. Grace, France In my eyes, chopsticks can stand for China. They are quite different from our tableware (餐具)—forks and knives. It is hard but fun for me to learn how to use chopsticks. I bought some beautiful chopsticks as gifts when I returned to France. Joe, England When I think of China, dumplings come into my mind. Families in China always get together and make dumplings during festivals. When my family visited China, I learned how to make dumplings from my Chinese friends. We talked and laughed. It was a wonderful experience. 6．In Tom’s eyes, _________ can stand for China. A．the Great Wall B．porcelain C．chopsticks D．dumplings 7．China is called “the nation of porcelain” because porcelain was _________ in China. A．painted B．bought C．invented D．liked 8．It is _______ for Grace to learn to use chopsticks. A．relaxing B．interesting C．meaningful D．impossible 9．It was a wonderful experience for Joe to ___________. A．return to England B．buy porcelain C．make dumplings D．use chopsticks 10．The passage may come from a ___________. A．storybook B．textbook C．magazine D．newspaper 3 Nowadays, Chinese people live around the world, like Canada, Australia and America. Wherever they go, they always take their customs with them. Many Chinese people live together in Chinatowns (唐人街), such as Ottawa, Sydney, or New York. Walking down the streets of any Chinatown makes you think you are truly in China. There are Chinese restaurants where friends enjoy eating dishes such as Peking duck and dumplings. On Chinese New Year, Chinese people in these cities celebrate the festival just as they do in China so that they will not forget the customs of their hometowns. China has also shown its great arts to the world. Beautiful Chinese paintings and porcelain (陶瓷) can be seen in many museums. You might have classes about Chinese calligraphy (书法) and learn to write Chinese characters. You can find books about Chinese poetry and art. If you can’t get to China, China can come to you! China has changed faster than almost any other country in the world. The new technology has improved the lives of millions of Chinese people, China has sent rockets (火箭) into space. We help more and more people around the world get to learn about China and Chinese culture. At the same time, we still carry on many valuable things and customs from the past like eating noodles and rice with chopsticks. 11．In paragraph 1, the underlined word “they” refers to (指) ________ around the world. A．Canadians B．Chinese C．Australians D．Americans 12．Why do Chinese people celebrate Chinese New Year in Chinatowns? A．Because many Chinese people live together in Chinatowns. B．Because they don’t want to forget the customs of their hometowns. C．Because China has shown great arts to the world. D．Because China has changed faster than almost any other country. 13．If you are in Chinatowns, you can not ________. A．enjoy dishes like Peking duck and dumplings B．celebrate Chinese New Year C．learn to write Chinese characters D．send rockets into space 14．What does the writer want to tell us by saying Chinese people eat noodles and rice with chopsticks? A．Chinese people like to eat noodles and rice. B．Chinese people like to use chopsticks. C．Chinese people still carry on valuable customs from the past. D．Chinese people are not used to using knives or forks. 15．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Many Chinese people live together in Chinatowns. B．China has shown great arts to the world. C．China has changed faster than any other country. D．Chinese people always take their customs with them wherever they go. 4 Over 400 pieces of Dehua white porcelain (德化白瓷) were shown in the National Museum of China in Beijing. This type of porcelain comes from Dehua county in Fujian Province where it acquires its name and has a history that goes back to the Song Dynasty. Now, it’s famous all over the world. Dehua white porcelain is known for its snow white color. An artist named Chen Chao says that it’s white because kaolin (高岭土) found in Dehua county has only a little iron. This makes the porcelain as white as jade (玉石). In France, it’s called “Blanc de Chine”, which means “white from China”. The porcelain is also praised for its “eggshell technique”, which is very old. This technique has gotten better over time. Now, workers can make the porcelain as thin as paper or an eggshell.    At the show, the artwork “Paper” drew much attention. It looks exactly like a roll of paper on the table, but actually it’s a piece of porcelain. Many visitors wondered 　　　　　. The process starts with putting kaolin on paper. Then, the paper and kaolin are heated in a kiln (窑) for a few days until they turn into what the maker wants them to be. By then, only the kaolin is left. Heating the shaped kaolin is not easy. Workers must be very careful to make sure the clay stays the same when it’s heated. The temperature and the mix of the clay are key. Every component in the mix must be just right. In 2006, Dehua white porcelain was named a part of China’s national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). By mixing old Chinese art skills with new science, Dehua white porcelain helps to grow the pride of Chinese culture. 16．How does Dehua porcelain get its name? A．From its special shape. B．From its place of production. C．From its material. D．From its inventor. 17．Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “________” in Paragraph 3. A．how many colors it could be B．how it could be made from kaolin C．how long it takes to make the artwork D．what shapes kaolin could be made into 18．Why is Dehua white porcelain famous? A．Because of its long history. B．Because of its making process. C．Because of the kaolin full of iron. D．Because of its color and thickness. 19．What does the underlined word “component” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Temperature. B．Technology. C．Process. D．Material. 20．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Dehua white porcelain bridges the old and the young. B．Dehua white porcelain spreads Chinese culture around the world. C．Dehua white porcelain takes its leadership in the china making industry. D．Dehua white porcelain plays an important role in increasing people’s confidence in Chinese culture. 5 A subway (地铁) is not just an important form of transport. It is also a window for other people to learn about local culture. Beijing, China The Beijing Subway was opened in 1971 and is the oldest subway system in China. It has added some modern technologies. All stations now have touch screen maps. In some stations, people can also see traditional Chinese culture. For example, on the walls of a few stations of Line 8, there are some pictures of blue and white porcelain (青花瓷). Stockholm, Sweden The first subway line for Stockholm was opened in 1950. The Stockholm Subway is well-known for its decoration of the stations. It is called the longest art gallery in the world. Over 90 percent of its stations are decorated with paintings. A few stations are decorated with red bedrock (基岩). This makes you feel as if you are in a cave. London, the UK The London Underground or the Tube is the oldest subway in the world. It was opened in 1863. During World War II, it was used to protect people from German plane attacks (袭击) on London. Now, it is a symbol of the city. There is no air conditioning in the train, so it is very hot in summer. New York, the US The New York City Subway runs 24 hours a day. It has an express train on almost every line. You can get to your destination (目的地) quickly. The trains themselves are full of fun: you will see people doing moonwalk dances like Michael Jackson, playing the guitar and singing. 21．Which subway is called the longest art gallery in the world? A．The Beijing Subway. B．The Stockholm Subway. C．The London Underground. D．The New York City Subway. 22．From the passage, we can know that the London Underground _________. A．is also called the Tube B．was well protected during the war C．is the symbol of the UK D．is the oldest transport in the world 23．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Michael Jackson often danced in the New York City Subway. B．Tourists feel cool when they take the London Underground in summer. C．Several stations of the Stockholm Subway are built in caves. D．Some stations of the Beijing Subway are decorated with pictures of porcelain. 24．The introduction of the subways mainly shows the _________ of different cities. A．great changes B．long history C．local culture D．public transport 25．The passage may come from _________. A．a storybook B．a travel magazine C．a science book D．a newspaper advertisement 6 China is the first nation to produce true porcelain in the world, as suggested by its name, “china”. Nowadays, besides “Four Great Inventions”. Jingdezhen, located in Jiangxi Province, is regarded as “the Porcelain Capital of China”. “The best porcelain of the world is in China”, the Chinese writer Guo Moruo once said. Jingdezhen is a synonym (代名词) for Chinese porcelain. The ceramic (陶瓷) industry experienced a long-term development in Jingdezhen. Jingdezhen has been producing ceramics for over 1800 years since East Han Dynasty (25-220), and producing porcelains for over 1600 years since East Jin Dynasty (317-420）. In Five Dynasties (907-960), Jingdezhen was the first place in the South China to product white porcelain and has made a great achievement. The white porcelains are known as white like jade(玉), as bright as a mirror, as thin as paper, and with sound as loud as knocking on a huge rock. The history of Jingdezhen porcelain carving can be dated back to more than 1400 years ago. The statuary (雕塑) porcelains of lion, elephant and other auspicious beasts (瑞兽) (584-618）. Porcelain made in Jingdezhen began to find its way to Europe from the 17th century and can be seen in many large museums today. What’s more, Jingdezhen has become the most important Chinese porcelain production area and the most famous destination for Chinese porcelain culture, and is also known as the “living museum of Chinese porcelain”. 26．Which is the birth place of porcelain from the text? A．America. B．China. C．England. D．India. 27．Guo Moruo’s words in Paragraph 2 mean ________. A．Jingdezhen is the best city in China B．most of porcelains are produced in China C．Jingdezhen has the longest history in China D．the porcelain in Jingdezhen is the best in China 28．According to the development of ceramic industry, which is the right order?  　   　 ①ceramics  ②porcelain  ③white porcelain  ④porcelain carving A．①→②→③→④ B．①→②→④→③ C．③→④→①→② D．③→④→②→① 29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Porcelain is only famous in China. B．Porcelain is one of “Four Great Inventions”. C．The white porcelain in Jingdezhen is a great success. D．Jingdezhen porcelain found its way to Asia in the 17th century. 30．The passage is mainly about ________. A．Chinese porcelain B．Types of porcelain C．Jingdezhen porcelain D．History of porcelain 7 This is a story of two Chinese bowls, one old and one new, and how these simple household items became famous. A man in the US state of Connecticut went to a yard sale and saw a small bowl. It was blue and white and had pretty flower designs on it. It also looked very old. The man paid $35 for it and decided to do some research. He found that the bowl was one of the first examples of blue-and-white pottery ( 陶器) made in Jingdezhen, China’s “porcelain capital (瓷都)”. It had belonged to the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Museum experts say the emperor’s little rice bowl is an important historical artifact (历史文物). It is worth as much as $500,000. The other bowl has a less romantic story. It is red and white, and also has pretty flower designs on it. It is for sale online in America for $60. The seller says it can be filled with fruit or flowers and used as a pretty home decoration. However, Chinese netizens recognized the bowl as something that was once very common in every home—a toilet. It wasn’t many decades ago that you would see people carrying these pretty bowls early in the morning and emptying their contents into the neighborhood toilet. You can still buy these bowls today in small shops for about four dollars each. What the story of the two bowls tells us is that the value of something isn’t always related to its function (功能). A bowl, after all, is just a bowl. Perhaps the seller of the toilet bowl could ask for an even higher price if he said it had once been used by an emperor. 31．Why does the old bowl cost more money? A．Because it is very old. B．Because it can hold many things. C．Because it was used by an emperor. D．Because it has pretty flower designs on it. 32．How much does the man pay for the old bowl on the yard sale? A．$500,000. B．$4. C．$60. D．$35. 33．What can the new bowl be used for? A．Drinking water. B．Drinking wine. C．Holding flowers and fruit. D．Holding rice. 34．What does the underlined word “netizens” mean in Chinese? A．公民 B．老者 C．考古学家 D．网民 35．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Two bowls. B．Two men. C．Two experts. D．An emperor. 8     Wondering about how ancient Chinese people spend their days during summer. We proudly present the following objects that will help you understand the life in the past. Porcelain (瓷) Pillow      This is not a flowerpot! It is a pillow that ensures a comfortable sleep during the summer night. These pillows were made from fine porcelain, which feels like cool glass. Even though it is not very soft, the shape makes it comfortable to rest one’s head on. The one on the show is kept by a collector for its beautiful design. Carriage Umbrella      When you ride your bike in summer, have you imagined having a moving umbrella with you? Ancient Chinese were living your dream! When passengers traveled in horse-drawn carriages, they had umbrellas above them. Umbrellas were fixed to carriages during summer, keeping away the sun and heat while allowing cool wind to go through. Ice Container      During ancient times, Chinese people had their own fridge. This ice container was made of two boxes. The bigger box outside holds ice. The smaller box inside is filled with food or drinks. There are rings on the container, so people could even bring it to picnics and enjoy iced drinks on the go! 36．In which section of the newspapers can we read this passage? A．TECHNOLOGY. B．WEATHER. C．HISTORY. D．PEOPLE. 37．What did ancient people use porcelain pillows for? A．To rest well in summer. B．To show the beautiful design. C．To put it on their heads. D．To grow flowers inside. 38．The Chinese for “Carriage umbrella” can probably be ________. A．竹伞 B．车伞 C．丝绸伞 D．便携伞 39．It’s clear that the ice container ________. A．was made to cook food B．has different sizes and shapes C．needs ice to keep things cool D．was only used at home 40．Which words can best describe ALL THREE objects?     ①ancient ②practical ③symbolic ④modern ⑤clever ⑥beautiful A．①③⑥ B．①②⑤ C．②③④ D．④⑤⑥ 9 Today, we think weekends and takeouts (外卖) are nothing special. However, did the ancient people enjoy them as well? What were their lives like? In ancient China, there were no “weekends” because people did not use a weekly calendar (日历). But people could still relax after work. During the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220), officials (官员) took one day off every five days. During the Tang Dynasty (618-907), officials worked for ten days and rested for one day. They usually bathed and washed their hair on their day off, known as “xiumu”. People like farmers and businessmen usually worked most of the year. But they would take a few days off during the Spring Festival. During the Ming and Qing dynasties. People also took days off for Emperor’s (帝王的) birthday. Many people like ordering takeouts to fill their stomach today. In fact, ancient people did the same thing! People at that time even had special meal boxes for takeout dishes. It was along wooden box with several layers (层). They also used warming plates made of two layers of porcelain (陶瓷). Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm! According to history books. Emperor Xiaozong (1127-1194) in the Song Dynasty liked to order takeouts late at night. His servants would go around the city to pick up dishes and bring them back to the palace. Common people also ordered takeouts. Restaurant waiters would go out into the streets and shouted out which dishes could be ordered that day. People would then place an order. Later, delivery men would bring food to customers’ homes. How interesting these history facts are! 41．How does the writer begin the topic? A．By sharing facts. B．By giving examples. C．By telling stories. D．By asking questions. 42．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．Officials still had to work on Emperor’s birthday. B．Officials usually had a bath and rested on xiumu. C．Officials could rest because of the weekly calendar. D．Officials got a rest after five-day work in Tang Dynasty. 43．What does the underlined word “them” in the Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Boxes. B．Plates. C．Layers. D．Takeouts. 44．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To show people the fact of Emperor’s life. B．To help people with learning modern history. C．To make people know how to order takeouts. D．To let people know more about ancient China. 10 What’s the Silk Road? In history, it was an important international trade route (贸易路线) between China and the Mediterranean (地中海的) countries. The Silk Road began in Western Han dynasty and has a history of more than 2,000 years. In the past, the Silk Road started at Chang’an (now Xi’an) and ended in Europe. It was about 6,500 kilometers long and went across 1/4 of the world. The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century because Chinese silk was famous, and traders carried it to other places along this road. Of course traders also carried China’s porcelain (瓷器) and other things to the west. Glass, gems (宝石) and food like carrots from the west came to China. The Silk Road was very important to both China and the rest of the world. It was more than an international trade route. Lots of arts and science of other countries came to China across the Silk Road. In this way, languages and cultures influenced (影响) each other. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 45．When did the Silk Road begin? A．In the 18th century. B．In the 19th century. C．In the Western Han dynasty. D．In the Eastern Han dynasty. 46．Which place did the Silk Road begin at in the old days? A．Beijing. B．Chang’an. C．Eastern Europe. D．The Mediterranean, 47．How long was the Silk Road in the past? A．It went across 1/4 of the world. B．It was about 6,500 meters long. C．It went across 1/3 of the world. D．It was about 5,000 kilometers long. 48．Traders carried China’s ________ to the west in the past.  ①silk  ②glass  ③porcelain A．②③ B．①②③ C．①② D．①③ 49．What can we know from the text? A．China is trying to sell silk to other countries through the road now. B．Across the Silk Road, traders only brought food of other countries to China. C．The Silk Road got its name because traders carried silk along it. D．The Silk Road was the only international trade route in the past. 二、完形填空 Last winter vacation, my family spent a week in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi. It is famous for its porcelain (瓷) culture. We visited a museum. It showed us how porcelain was made. On the way, we 50 that people covered all the streetlights with porcelain. They even made the rubbish bins out of porcelain. We were 51 by those. At the museum, we learned how to make porcelain. First, the workers made different shapes with clay (陶土). Then, they started to 52 pictures on them. It took them many hours to finish. After that, the workers burnt them at a very high temperature for 12 to 24 hours. 53 , the workers put the porcelain pieces into nice boxes after they cooled down. They sold them in the museum. As the saying goes, 54 only comes through hard work. It took much time to make porcelain, but the workers’ hard work 55 beautiful pieces at last. On the last day of our trip, we went to an Art Center. Porcelain lovers could make their own pieces there. 56 walked through the center and they could buy what they liked. They took them home as gifts. There were also performances and delicious food in this area. Nobody wanted to leave 57 it was dark. I can now 58 why people call Jingdezhen City “Porcelain Capital”. It is because of the local people’s 59 love for porcelain. They care about porcelain and share this wonderful traditional culture with the world. 50．A．heard B．read C．noticed D．called 51．A．bored B．tired C．amazed D．scared 52．A．make B．draw C．take D．write 53．A．Hardly B．Recently C．Suddenly D．Finally 54．A．success B．sadness C．failure D．difficulty 55．A．turned into B．jumped into C．got into D．looked into 56．A．Workers B．Tourists C．Salesmen D．Volunteers 57．A．so B．if C．whether D．until 58．A．communicate B．understand C．consider D．collect 59．A．bad B．hard C．deep D．easy 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people love spinning (旋转) things like pens to relax. However, 60 artist, Lyu Yating in China has turned this hobby into art and even a business. Lyu Yating was born in a porcelain (瓷器) family in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province, her family has been making and selling porcelain 61 many years. Lyu Yating 62 (learn) a lot about the porcelain when she was very young. As she grew up, she fell in love with this traditional art 63 (deep). Later, she went abroad for further study, which helps her to start 64 (she) business. Linglong porcelain is one of the four most famous porcelains in Jingdezhen. Linglong porcelain has many 65 (hole) in its body. There’s also a special glaze (釉) that stops water coming out. After the porcelain is covered with a glaze, it 66 (look) like lights are shining out of the holes. In 2014, 21-year-old Lyu returned from abroad and began to work in her 67 (father) company. Her spinning Linglong porcelain cup has a hemispherical hump (半球形隆起物) at the bottom. 68 she puts the cup on a wooden coaster (杯垫), it stands and spins. Now Lyu has 69 (take) over (接管) the company, trying to make new and interesting Linglong porcelain. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2024-2025学年九年级英语阅读热点话题(通用版) 2024-2025学年九年级英语阅读热点话题(通用版) 15.瓷器对文化的影响 一、阅读理解 1 Weekends, air conditioners (空调), takeouts ... are all common things for modern people. Have you ever wondered if ancient people enjoyed the same lifestyles? Let’s take a look. No weekends In ancient China, there were no weekends because people did not use a weekly calendar. But they could still relax after work. During the Han Dynasty, officers took one day off every five days. During the Tang Dynasty, officers worked for ten days and rested for one day. There were also many public holidays in ancient times, such as the Spring Festival, winter solstice and the Mid-Autumn Festival. People like farmers and businessmen usually worked most of the year, but even the most hard-working people would take a few days off during the Spring Festival. Takeouts not a new thing There was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty. In the famous Song Dynasty painting Along the River during the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》), a takeout worker can be seen with food in his hand. People at the time even had special meal boxes for takeout dishes. They also used warming plates made of two layers (层) of porcelain. Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm. Smart ways of staying cool In ancient times, though people didn’t have air conditioners, they had their own ways to get through the hot summer. People collected ice blocks in winter and stored them in an icehouse. When summer came, people could take the ice blocks home and use them to make their rooms cooler. There was a kind of pillow (枕头) made of porcelain (瓷器) that felt pleasantly cool. Ancient people also made bamboo into bed mats (垫子) to sleep on. They’re still used today. 1．Why were there no weekends in ancient times? A．Because ancient people were more hard-working than modern ones. B．Because ancient people didn’t use a weekly calendar. C．Because the emperors didn’t allow their people to have a rest. D．Because ancient people wanted to make more money. 2．How many ways are mentioned to stay cool in ancient China in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．How did people in ancient times keep takeout dishes warm? A．They put hot water between plates. B．They lit candles under the dishes. C．They covered the dishes with thick cloth. D．They walked fast to deliver (送) the dishes. 4．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．In ancient China, farmers and businessmen worked all year round. B．Ancient people used bed mats made of silk to stay cool. C．Along the River during the Qingming Festival was painted in the Song Dynasty. D．Modern people still have the same lifestyles as ancient people. 5．Where can we read this passage probably? A．In a novel. B．In a guidebook. C．In a history magazine. D．In an ad. 2 China has a long history of over 5, 000 years. What can stand for (代表) China in foreign students’ eyes? The newspaper reporter interviewed some foreign students. Tom, America The Great Wall is a symbol (象征) of China in my eyes. It’s one of the ancient walls in the world. I went to the Great Wall with my family last year. I enjoyed the beautiful scenery (风景) when we got to the top. Jill, Canada China is the name of a country. But the word china also means porcelain (瓷器). I think porcelain is the symbol of China. Chinese people invented it, so China is called “the nation of porcelain”. Chinese porcelain is sold at home and abroad. It is so beautiful that all my family like it. I even have a Chinese porcelain vase (花瓶) in my bedroom. Grace, France In my eyes, chopsticks can stand for China. They are quite different from our tableware (餐具)—forks and knives. It is hard but fun for me to learn how to use chopsticks. I bought some beautiful chopsticks as gifts when I returned to France. Joe, England When I think of China, dumplings come into my mind. Families in China always get together and make dumplings during festivals. When my family visited China, I learned how to make dumplings from my Chinese friends. We talked and laughed. It was a wonderful experience. 6．In Tom’s eyes, _________ can stand for China. A．the Great Wall B．porcelain C．chopsticks D．dumplings 7．China is called “the nation of porcelain” because porcelain was _________ in China. A．painted B．bought C．invented D．liked 8．It is _______ for Grace to learn to use chopsticks. A．relaxing B．interesting C．meaningful D．impossible 9．It was a wonderful experience for Joe to ___________. A．return to England B．buy porcelain C．make dumplings D．use chopsticks 10．The passage may come from a ___________. A．storybook B．textbook C．magazine D．newspaper 3 Nowadays, Chinese people live around the world, like Canada, Australia and America. Wherever they go, they always take their customs with them. Many Chinese people live together in Chinatowns (唐人街), such as Ottawa, Sydney, or New York. Walking down the streets of any Chinatown makes you think you are truly in China. There are Chinese restaurants where friends enjoy eating dishes such as Peking duck and dumplings. On Chinese New Year, Chinese people in these cities celebrate the festival just as they do in China so that they will not forget the customs of their hometowns. China has also shown its great arts to the world. Beautiful Chinese paintings and porcelain (陶瓷) can be seen in many museums. You might have classes about Chinese calligraphy (书法) and learn to write Chinese characters. You can find books about Chinese poetry and art. If you can’t get to China, China can come to you! China has changed faster than almost any other country in the world. The new technology has improved the lives of millions of Chinese people, China has sent rockets (火箭) into space. We help more and more people around the world get to learn about China and Chinese culture. At the same time, we still carry on many valuable things and customs from the past like eating noodles and rice with chopsticks. 11．In paragraph 1, the underlined word “they” refers to (指) ________ around the world. A．Canadians B．Chinese C．Australians D．Americans 12．Why do Chinese people celebrate Chinese New Year in Chinatowns? A．Because many Chinese people live together in Chinatowns. B．Because they don’t want to forget the customs of their hometowns. C．Because China has shown great arts to the world. D．Because China has changed faster than almost any other country. 13．If you are in Chinatowns, you can not ________. A．enjoy dishes like Peking duck and dumplings B．celebrate Chinese New Year C．learn to write Chinese characters D．send rockets into space 14．What does the writer want to tell us by saying Chinese people eat noodles and rice with chopsticks? A．Chinese people like to eat noodles and rice. B．Chinese people like to use chopsticks. C．Chinese people still carry on valuable customs from the past. D．Chinese people are not used to using knives or forks. 15．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Many Chinese people live together in Chinatowns. B．China has shown great arts to the world. C．China has changed faster than any other country. D．Chinese people always take their customs with them wherever they go. 4 Over 400 pieces of Dehua white porcelain (德化白瓷) were shown in the National Museum of China in Beijing. This type of porcelain comes from Dehua county in Fujian Province where it acquires its name and has a history that goes back to the Song Dynasty. Now, it’s famous all over the world. Dehua white porcelain is known for its snow white color. An artist named Chen Chao says that it’s white because kaolin (高岭土) found in Dehua county has only a little iron. This makes the porcelain as white as jade (玉石). In France, it’s called “Blanc de Chine”, which means “white from China”. The porcelain is also praised for its “eggshell technique”, which is very old. This technique has gotten better over time. Now, workers can make the porcelain as thin as paper or an eggshell.    At the show, the artwork “Paper” drew much attention. It looks exactly like a roll of paper on the table, but actually it’s a piece of porcelain. Many visitors wondered 　　　　　. The process starts with putting kaolin on paper. Then, the paper and kaolin are heated in a kiln (窑) for a few days until they turn into what the maker wants them to be. By then, only the kaolin is left. Heating the shaped kaolin is not easy. Workers must be very careful to make sure the clay stays the same when it’s heated. The temperature and the mix of the clay are key. Every component in the mix must be just right. In 2006, Dehua white porcelain was named a part of China’s national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). By mixing old Chinese art skills with new science, Dehua white porcelain helps to grow the pride of Chinese culture. 16．How does Dehua porcelain get its name? A．From its special shape. B．From its place of production. C．From its material. D．From its inventor. 17．Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “________” in Paragraph 3. A．how many colors it could be B．how it could be made from kaolin C．how long it takes to make the artwork D．what shapes kaolin could be made into 18．Why is Dehua white porcelain famous? A．Because of its long history. B．Because of its making process. C．Because of the kaolin full of iron. D．Because of its color and thickness. 19．What does the underlined word “component” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Temperature. B．Technology. C．Process. D．Material. 20．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Dehua white porcelain bridges the old and the young. B．Dehua white porcelain spreads Chinese culture around the world. C．Dehua white porcelain takes its leadership in the china making industry. D．Dehua white porcelain plays an important role in increasing people’s confidence in Chinese culture. 5 A subway (地铁) is not just an important form of transport. It is also a window for other people to learn about local culture. Beijing, China The Beijing Subway was opened in 1971 and is the oldest subway system in China. It has added some modern technologies. All stations now have touch screen maps. In some stations, people can also see traditional Chinese culture. For example, on the walls of a few stations of Line 8, there are some pictures of blue and white porcelain (青花瓷). Stockholm, Sweden The first subway line for Stockholm was opened in 1950. The Stockholm Subway is well-known for its decoration of the stations. It is called the longest art gallery in the world. Over 90 percent of its stations are decorated with paintings. A few stations are decorated with red bedrock (基岩). This makes you feel as if you are in a cave. London, the UK The London Underground or the Tube is the oldest subway in the world. It was opened in 1863. During World War II, it was used to protect people from German plane attacks (袭击) on London. Now, it is a symbol of the city. There is no air conditioning in the train, so it is very hot in summer. New York, the US The New York City Subway runs 24 hours a day. It has an express train on almost every line. You can get to your destination (目的地) quickly. The trains themselves are full of fun: you will see people doing moonwalk dances like Michael Jackson, playing the guitar and singing. 21．Which subway is called the longest art gallery in the world? A．The Beijing Subway. B．The Stockholm Subway. C．The London Underground. D．The New York City Subway. 22．From the passage, we can know that the London Underground _________. A．is also called the Tube B．was well protected during the war C．is the symbol of the UK D．is the oldest transport in the world 23．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Michael Jackson often danced in the New York City Subway. B．Tourists feel cool when they take the London Underground in summer. C．Several stations of the Stockholm Subway are built in caves. D．Some stations of the Beijing Subway are decorated with pictures of porcelain. 24．The introduction of the subways mainly shows the _________ of different cities. A．great changes B．long history C．local culture D．public transport 25．The passage may come from _________. A．a storybook B．a travel magazine C．a science book D．a newspaper advertisement 6 China is the first nation to produce true porcelain in the world, as suggested by its name, “china”. Nowadays, besides “Four Great Inventions”. Jingdezhen, located in Jiangxi Province, is regarded as “the Porcelain Capital of China”. “The best porcelain of the world is in China”, the Chinese writer Guo Moruo once said. Jingdezhen is a synonym (代名词) for Chinese porcelain. The ceramic (陶瓷) industry experienced a long-term development in Jingdezhen. Jingdezhen has been producing ceramics for over 1800 years since East Han Dynasty (25-220), and producing porcelains for over 1600 years since East Jin Dynasty (317-420）. In Five Dynasties (907-960), Jingdezhen was the first place in the South China to product white porcelain and has made a great achievement. The white porcelains are known as white like jade(玉), as bright as a mirror, as thin as paper, and with sound as loud as knocking on a huge rock. The history of Jingdezhen porcelain carving can be dated back to more than 1400 years ago. The statuary (雕塑) porcelains of lion, elephant and other auspicious beasts (瑞兽) (584-618）. Porcelain made in Jingdezhen began to find its way to Europe from the 17th century and can be seen in many large museums today. What’s more, Jingdezhen has become the most important Chinese porcelain production area and the most famous destination for Chinese porcelain culture, and is also known as the “living museum of Chinese porcelain”. 26．Which is the birth place of porcelain from the text? A．America. B．China. C．England. D．India. 27．Guo Moruo’s words in Paragraph 2 mean ________. A．Jingdezhen is the best city in China B．most of porcelains are produced in China C．Jingdezhen has the longest history in China D．the porcelain in Jingdezhen is the best in China 28．According to the development of ceramic industry, which is the right order?  　   　 ①ceramics  ②porcelain  ③white porcelain  ④porcelain carving A．①→②→③→④ B．①→②→④→③ C．③→④→①→② D．③→④→②→① 29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Porcelain is only famous in China. B．Porcelain is one of “Four Great Inventions”. C．The white porcelain in Jingdezhen is a great success. D．Jingdezhen porcelain found its way to Asia in the 17th century. 30．The passage is mainly about ________. A．Chinese porcelain B．Types of porcelain C．Jingdezhen porcelain D．History of porcelain 7 This is a story of two Chinese bowls, one old and one new, and how these simple household items became famous. A man in the US state of Connecticut went to a yard sale and saw a small bowl. It was blue and white and had pretty flower designs on it. It also looked very old. The man paid $35 for it and decided to do some research. He found that the bowl was one of the first examples of blue-and-white pottery ( 陶器) made in Jingdezhen, China’s “porcelain capital (瓷都)”. It had belonged to the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Museum experts say the emperor’s little rice bowl is an important historical artifact (历史文物). It is worth as much as $500,000. The other bowl has a less romantic story. It is red and white, and also has pretty flower designs on it. It is for sale online in America for $60. The seller says it can be filled with fruit or flowers and used as a pretty home decoration. However, Chinese netizens recognized the bowl as something that was once very common in every home—a toilet. It wasn’t many decades ago that you would see people carrying these pretty bowls early in the morning and emptying their contents into the neighborhood toilet. You can still buy these bowls today in small shops for about four dollars each. What the story of the two bowls tells us is that the value of something isn’t always related to its function (功能). A bowl, after all, is just a bowl. Perhaps the seller of the toilet bowl could ask for an even higher price if he said it had once been used by an emperor. 31．Why does the old bowl cost more money? A．Because it is very old. B．Because it can hold many things. C．Because it was used by an emperor. D．Because it has pretty flower designs on it. 32．How much does the man pay for the old bowl on the yard sale? A．$500,000. B．$4. C．$60. D．$35. 33．What can the new bowl be used for? A．Drinking water. B．Drinking wine. C．Holding flowers and fruit. D．Holding rice. 34．What does the underlined word “netizens” mean in Chinese? A．公民 B．老者 C．考古学家 D．网民 35．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Two bowls. B．Two men. C．Two experts. D．An emperor. 8     Wondering about how ancient Chinese people spend their days during summer. We proudly present the following objects that will help you understand the life in the past. Porcelain (瓷) Pillow      This is not a flowerpot! It is a pillow that ensures a comfortable sleep during the summer night. These pillows were made from fine porcelain, which feels like cool glass. Even though it is not very soft, the shape makes it comfortable to rest one’s head on. The one on the show is kept by a collector for its beautiful design. Carriage Umbrella      When you ride your bike in summer, have you imagined having a moving umbrella with you? Ancient Chinese were living your dream! When passengers traveled in horse-drawn carriages, they had umbrellas above them. Umbrellas were fixed to carriages during summer, keeping away the sun and heat while allowing cool wind to go through. Ice Container      During ancient times, Chinese people had their own fridge. This ice container was made of two boxes. The bigger box outside holds ice. The smaller box inside is filled with food or drinks. There are rings on the container, so people could even bring it to picnics and enjoy iced drinks on the go! 36．In which section of the newspapers can we read this passage? A．TECHNOLOGY. B．WEATHER. C．HISTORY. D．PEOPLE. 37．What did ancient people use porcelain pillows for? A．To rest well in summer. B．To show the beautiful design. C．To put it on their heads. D．To grow flowers inside. 38．The Chinese for “Carriage umbrella” can probably be ________. A．竹伞 B．车伞 C．丝绸伞 D．便携伞 39．It’s clear that the ice container ________. A．was made to cook food B．has different sizes and shapes C．needs ice to keep things cool D．was only used at home 40．Which words can best describe ALL THREE objects?     ①ancient ②practical ③symbolic ④modern ⑤clever ⑥beautiful A．①③⑥ B．①②⑤ C．②③④ D．④⑤⑥ 9 Today, we think weekends and takeouts (外卖) are nothing special. However, did the ancient people enjoy them as well? What were their lives like? In ancient China, there were no “weekends” because people did not use a weekly calendar (日历). But people could still relax after work. During the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220), officials (官员) took one day off every five days. During the Tang Dynasty (618-907), officials worked for ten days and rested for one day. They usually bathed and washed their hair on their day off, known as “xiumu”. People like farmers and businessmen usually worked most of the year. But they would take a few days off during the Spring Festival. During the Ming and Qing dynasties. People also took days off for Emperor’s (帝王的) birthday. Many people like ordering takeouts to fill their stomach today. In fact, ancient people did the same thing! People at that time even had special meal boxes for takeout dishes. It was along wooden box with several layers (层). They also used warming plates made of two layers of porcelain (陶瓷). Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm! According to history books. Emperor Xiaozong (1127-1194) in the Song Dynasty liked to order takeouts late at night. His servants would go around the city to pick up dishes and bring them back to the palace. Common people also ordered takeouts. Restaurant waiters would go out into the streets and shouted out which dishes could be ordered that day. People would then place an order. Later, delivery men would bring food to customers’ homes. How interesting these history facts are! 41．How does the writer begin the topic? A．By sharing facts. B．By giving examples. C．By telling stories. D．By asking questions. 42．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．Officials still had to work on Emperor’s birthday. B．Officials usually had a bath and rested on xiumu. C．Officials could rest because of the weekly calendar. D．Officials got a rest after five-day work in Tang Dynasty. 43．What does the underlined word “them” in the Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Boxes. B．Plates. C．Layers. D．Takeouts. 44．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To show people the fact of Emperor’s life. B．To help people with learning modern history. C．To make people know how to order takeouts. D．To let people know more about ancient China. 10 What’s the Silk Road? In history, it was an important international trade route (贸易路线) between China and the Mediterranean (地中海的) countries. The Silk Road began in Western Han dynasty and has a history of more than 2,000 years. In the past, the Silk Road started at Chang’an (now Xi’an) and ended in Europe. It was about 6,500 kilometers long and went across 1/4 of the world. The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century because Chinese silk was famous, and traders carried it to other places along this road. Of course traders also carried China’s porcelain (瓷器) and other things to the west. Glass, gems (宝石) and food like carrots from the west came to China. The Silk Road was very important to both China and the rest of the world. It was more than an international trade route. Lots of arts and science of other countries came to China across the Silk Road. In this way, languages and cultures influenced (影响) each other. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 45．When did the Silk Road begin? A．In the 18th century. B．In the 19th century. C．In the Western Han dynasty. D．In the Eastern Han dynasty. 46．Which place did the Silk Road begin at in the old days? A．Beijing. B．Chang’an. C．Eastern Europe. D．The Mediterranean, 47．How long was the Silk Road in the past? A．It went across 1/4 of the world. B．It was about 6,500 meters long. C．It went across 1/3 of the world. D．It was about 5,000 kilometers long. 48．Traders carried China’s ________ to the west in the past.  ①silk  ②glass  ③porcelain A．②③ B．①②③ C．①② D．①③ 49．What can we know from the text? A．China is trying to sell silk to other countries through the road now. B．Across the Silk Road, traders only brought food of other countries to China. C．The Silk Road got its name because traders carried silk along it. D．The Silk Road was the only international trade route in the past. 二、完形填空 Last winter vacation, my family spent a week in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi. It is famous for its porcelain (瓷) culture. We visited a museum. It showed us how porcelain was made. On the way, we 50 that people covered all the streetlights with porcelain. They even made the rubbish bins out of porcelain. We were 51 by those. At the museum, we learned how to make porcelain. First, the workers made different shapes with clay (陶土). Then, they started to 52 pictures on them. It took them many hours to finish. After that, the workers burnt them at a very high temperature for 12 to 24 hours. 53 , the workers put the porcelain pieces into nice boxes after they cooled down. They sold them in the museum. As the saying goes, 54 only comes through hard work. It took much time to make porcelain, but the workers’ hard work 55 beautiful pieces at last. On the last day of our trip, we went to an Art Center. Porcelain lovers could make their own pieces there. 56 walked through the center and they could buy what they liked. They took them home as gifts. There were also performances and delicious food in this area. Nobody wanted to leave 57 it was dark. I can now 58 why people call Jingdezhen City “Porcelain Capital”. It is because of the local people’s 59 love for porcelain. They care about porcelain and share this wonderful traditional culture with the world. 50．A．heard B．read C．noticed D．called 51．A．bored B．tired C．amazed D．scared 52．A．make B．draw C．take D．write 53．A．Hardly B．Recently C．Suddenly D．Finally 54．A．success B．sadness C．failure D．difficulty 55．A．turned into B．jumped into C．got into D．looked into 56．A．Workers B．Tourists C．Salesmen D．Volunteers 57．A．so B．if C．whether D．until 58．A．communicate B．understand C．consider D．collect 59．A．bad B．hard C．deep D．easy 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people love spinning (旋转) things like pens to relax. However, 60 artist, Lyu Yating in China has turned this hobby into art and even a business. Lyu Yating was born in a porcelain (瓷器) family in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province, her family has been making and selling porcelain 61 many years. Lyu Yating 62 (learn) a lot about the porcelain when she was very young. As she grew up, she fell in love with this traditional art 63 (deep). Later, she went abroad for further study, which helps her to start 64 (she) business. Linglong porcelain is one of the four most famous porcelains in Jingdezhen. Linglong porcelain has many 65 (hole) in its body. There’s also a special glaze (釉) that stops water coming out. After the porcelain is covered with a glaze, it 66 (look) like lights are shining out of the holes. In 2014, 21-year-old Lyu returned from abroad and began to work in her 67 (father) company. Her spinning Linglong porcelain cup has a hemispherical hump (半球形隆起物) at the bottom. 68 she puts the cup on a wooden coaster (杯垫), it stands and spins. Now Lyu has 69 (take) over (接管) the company, trying to make new and interesting Linglong porcelain. 参考答案 一、 1 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍古代人的生活方式。 1．细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, there were no weekends because people did not use a weekly calendar.”可知，在中国古代，没有周末，因为人们不使用周历。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“People collected ice blocks in winter and stored them in an icehouse. When summer came, people could take the ice blocks home and use them to make their rooms cooler. There was a kind of pillow (枕头) made of porcelain (瓷器) that felt pleasantly cool. Ancient people also made bamboo into bed mats (垫子) to sleep on.”可知，文章提到了三种中国古代保持凉爽的方法，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“They also used warming plates made of two layers (层) of porcelain. Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm.”可知，他们还使用由两层瓷器制成的加热板，可以在它们之间放热水来保持盘子的温暖。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“In the famous Song Dynasty painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival”可知，《清明上河图》绘于宋代，故选C。 5．推理判断题。本文介绍古代人的生活方式，由此推知可能在历史杂志上看到这篇文章，故选C。 2 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．D 【解析】本文主要讲述了报社记者采访了几个外国学生关于在他们眼中，什么能代表中国。 6．细节理解题。根据“The Great Wall is a symbol (象征) of China in my eyes.”可知，在Tom眼中，长城能够代表中国。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据“Chinese people invented it, so China is called ‘the nation of porcelain’.”可知，因为瓷器是中国人发明的，所以中国被称为“瓷器之国”。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据“It is hard but fun for me to learn how to use chopsticks.”可知，对Grace来说，学习使用筷子是很难但是有趣的。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据“When my family visited China, I learned how to make dumplings from my Chinese friends. We talked and laughed. It was a wonderful experience.”可知，学习包饺子对Joe来说，是一次很棒的经历。故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据“The newspaper reporter interviewed some foreign students.”可知，报社记者采访了一些外国学生，由此可知，本文可能来自报纸。故选D。 3 11．B 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．D 【解析】本文主要讲述了中国人无论去哪里，总携带着他们的风俗习惯，中国文化和习俗在世界各处传播。 11．代词指代题。根据“Nowadays, Chinese people live around the world, like Canada, Australia and America. Wherever they go, they always take their customs with them.”可知此处指中国人不管走到哪里，都带着他们的风俗习惯，故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段“On Chinese New Year, Chinese people in these cities celebrate the festival just as they do in China so that they will not forget the customs of their hometowns.”可知中国人在唐人街庆祝中国新年是因为他们不想忘记家乡的风俗，故选B。 13．推理判断题。根据“There are Chinese restaurants where friends enjoy eating dishes such as Peking duck and dumplings.”“On Chinese New Year...”“You might have classes about Chinese calligraphy and learn to write Chinese characters.”可知如果你在唐人街，你可以吃北京烤鸭和饺子、庆祝中国新年、学习写汉字，因此不可以向太空发射火箭，故选D。 14．细节理解题。根据最后一段“At the same time, we still carry on many valuable things and customs from the past like eating noodles and rice with chopsticks.”可知作者说中国人用筷子吃面条和米饭是想告诉我们，中国人仍保留着过去宝贵的习俗，故选C。 15．主旨大意题。根据“Wherever they go, they always take their customs with them.”和全文可知无论中国人去哪里，总携带着他们的风俗习惯，故选D。 4 16．B 17．B 18．D 19．D 20．D 【解析】本文介绍了非物质文化遗产德化白瓷的特点，精湛技艺和历史。 16．细节理解题。根据“This type of porcelain comes from Dehua county in Fujian Province where it acquires its name and has a history that goes back to the Song Dynasty.”可知，德华瓷的得名来自其生产地。故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据“The process starts with putting kaolin on paper. Then, the paper and kaolin are heated in a kiln (窑) for a few days until they turn into what the maker wants them to be. By then, only the kaolin is left.”可知，下文介绍了用高岭土制作白瓷的过程，选项B“如何用高岭土制成”符合语境。故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据“Dehua white porcelain is known for its snow white color”以及“The porcelain is also praised for its “eggshell technique…Now, workers can make the porcelain as thin as paper or an eggshell.”可知，德化白瓷出名是因为它的颜色雪白以及像鸡蛋壳一样薄。故选D。 19．词义猜测题。根据“Every component in the mix must be just right.”可知，此处应是指混合物必须要恰到好处，所以这里的component是指“材料”，与Material表达的词义相同。故选D。 20．细节理解题。根据“By mixing old Chinese art skills with new science, Dehua white porcelain helps to grow the pride of Chinese culture.”可推知，德化白瓷在增强人们对中国文化的信心方面发挥着重要作用。故选D。 5 21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 【解析】本文介绍了中国北京、瑞典斯德哥尔摩、英国伦敦和美国纽约的地铁系统及其文化特色。 21．细节理解题。根据文中“The Stockholm Subway is well-known for its decoration of the stations. It is called the longest art gallery in the world.”可知，斯德哥尔摩地铁被称为世界上最长的艺术长廊。故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据文中“The London Underground or the Tube is the oldest subway in the world.”可知，伦敦地铁也被称为“the Tube”。故选A。 23．细节理解题。根据文中“For example, on the walls of a few stations of Line 8, there are some pictures of blue and white porcelain (青花瓷).”可知，北京地铁8号线的一些车站墙上有青花瓷的图片。故选D。 24．主旨大意题。根据文中“A subway (地铁) is not just an important form of transport. It is also a window for other people to learn about local culture.”可知，本文主要介绍了不同城市地铁所展示的本地文化。故选C。 25．推理判断题。通读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文介绍了不同城市的地铁及其文化特色，适合刊登在旅游杂志上。故选B。 6 26．B 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国是世界上第一个制造真正瓷器的国家，讲述了瓷器的历史，介绍了景德镇瓷器和瓷器的类型。 26．细节理解题。根据“China is the first nation to produce true porcelain in the world”可知，中国是世界上第一个生产真正瓷器的国家，故选B。 27．推理判断题。根据“The best porcelain of the world is in China...Jingdezhen is a synonym (代名词) for Chinese porcelain.”可知，世界上最好的瓷器在中国，景德镇是中国瓷器的代名词。由此推知景德镇的瓷器是中国最好的，故选D。 28．细节理解题。根据“Jingdezhen has been producing ceramics for over 1800 years since East Han Dynasty (25-220), and producing porcelains for over 1600 years since East Jin Dynasty (317-420）. In Five Dynasties (907-960), Jingdezhen was the first place in the South China to product white porcelain and has made a great achievement.”和“The history of Jingdezhen porcelain carving can be dated back to more than 1400 years ago.”可知，顺序是ceramics→porcelains→white porcelain→porcelain carving。故选A。 29．推理判断题。根据“In Five Dynasties (907-960), Jingdezhen was the first place in the South China to product white porcelain and has made a great achievement.”可知，景德镇是中国南方最早生产白瓷的地方，并取得了巨大的成就，由此推知，景德镇的白瓷是一个巨大的成功。故选C。 30．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了瓷器的历史，介绍了景德镇瓷器和瓷器的类型。选项C“景德镇瓷器”符合主题，故选C。 7 31．C 32．D 33．C 34．D 35．A 【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两个中国碗的故事，一个是新的，一个是旧的，尽管它们的功能相同但是价值是不同的，主要是看谁曾使用过它们。 31．推理判断题。根据“It had belonged to the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Museum experts say the emperor’s little rice bowl is an important historical artifact (历史文物)”可知，它曾属于明朝永乐皇帝。博物馆专家说，皇帝的小饭碗是一件重要的历史文物，故可推测出，因为皇帝使用过，所以这个旧碗价值更多。故选C。 32．细节理解题。根据“The man paid $35 for it and decided to do some research”可知，这个男人付了35美元买了它。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据“The seller says it can be filled with fruit or flowers and used as a pretty home decoration”可知，卖家说道，它能装水果或花，被作为家庭装饰品使用。故选C。 34．词句猜测题。根据“It is for sale online in America for $60”和“However, Chinese netizens recognized the bowl as something that was once very common in every home—a toilet”可知，人们应是在网上看到图片，故划线单词应意为“网民”。故选D。 35．最佳标题题。通读全文和“This is a story of two Chinese bowls, one old and one new”可知，文章主要讲述了两个中国碗的故事，故选项A“两个碗”符合语境。故选A。 8 36．C 37．A 38．B 39．C 40．B 【解析】本文主要通过介绍三件物品来帮助我们了解古代中国人的夏日生活。 36．推理判断题。根据“Wondering about how ancient Chinese people spend their days during summer. We proudly present the following objects that will help you understand the life in the past.”及结合文章内容可知，本文主要通过介绍三件物品来帮助我们了解古代中国人的夏日生活，所以可能会在报纸的 “历史” 板块看到这篇文章。故选C。 37．细节理解题。根据“It is a pillow that ensures a comfortable sleep during the summer night.”可知，古代人们在夏夜用瓷枕来确保睡得好。故选A。 38．词句猜测题。根据“When passengers traveled in horse-drawn carriages, they had umbrellas above them. Umbrellas were fixed to carriages during summer, keeping away the sun and heat while allowing cool wind to go through.”可知，Carriage umbrella指一种被固定在马车上的伞。故选B。 39．细节理解题。根据“This ice container was made of two boxes. The bigger box outside holds ice. The smaller box inside is filled with food or drinks.”可知，古时候的冰柜需要在盒子里装上冰块来使食物保持凉爽。故选C。 40．推理判断题。根据“It is a pillow that ensures a comfortable sleep during the summer night.”，“Umbrellas were fixed to carriages during summer, keeping away the sun and heat while allowing cool wind to go through.”和“During ancient times, Chinese people had their own fridge.”及结合文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了瓷枕，帮助人们在夏天有好的睡眠；车伞，帮助人们吹风遮阳；冰柜，帮助人们冷藏食物。这三种物品虽然古老，但却凝结着古时候人们的智慧，能够解决实际的问题，所以它们是古老的、实用的、充满智慧的。故选B。 9 41．D 42．B 43．C 44．D 【解析】本文介绍了古代中国人的生活方式和他们享受休息和外卖的方式。 41．细节理解题。根据“However, did the ancient people enjoy them as well? What were their lives like?”可知，作者通过提问的方式开始文章的主题。故选D。 42．细节理解题。根据第二段“They usually bathed and washed their hair on their day off, known as “xiumu”.”可知，官员在休沐日洗澡和休息。故选B。 43．代词指代题。根据第三段“It was along wooden box with several layers (层). They also used warming plates made of two layers of porcelain (陶瓷). Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm!”可知，在木箱的两层之间放热水保温。故选C。 44．主旨大意题。根据第一段“However, did the ancient people enjoy them as well? What were their lives like?”及文中介绍古代的放假制度和送餐的工具可知，作者的目的是让人们更多地了解古代中国。故选D。 10 45．C 46．B 47．A 48．D 49．C 【解析】本文主要讲述了中国丝绸之路的历史。 45．细节理解题。根据“The Silk Road began in Western Han dynasty and has a history of more than 2,000 years.”可知，丝绸之路开始于西汉。故选C。 46．细节理解题。根据“In the past, the Silk Road started at Chang’an (now Xi’an) and ended in Europe.”可知，丝绸之路开始于长安（即现在的西安）。故选B。 47．细节理解题。根据“It was about 6,500 kilometers long and went across 1/4 of the world.”可知，丝绸之路约6500公里长，横跨了世界的1/4。故选A。 48．细节理解题。根据“The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century because Chinese silk was famous, and traders carried it to other places along this road. Of course traders also carried China’s porcelain (瓷器) and other things to the west.”可知，商人把中国的丝绸和瓷器运送到西方。故选D。 49．细节理解题。根据“The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century because Chinese silk was famous, and traders carried it to other places along this road.”可知，丝绸之路得此名的原因是中国的丝绸很有名，且商人沿着这条路（丝绸之路）把丝绸带到了其他地方。故选C。 二、 50．C 51．C 52．B 53．D 54．A 55．A 56．B 57．D 58．B 59．C 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者去年冬天去景德镇游玩的经历和感触。 50．句意：在路上，我们注意到人们用瓷器覆盖了所有的路灯。 heard听见；read读；noticed注意；called叫作。根据“that people covered all the streetlights with porcelain”可知，应是注意到路上的路灯的情况，故选C。 51．句意：我们对此感到惊讶。 bored无聊的；tired累的；amazed惊奇的，惊讶的；scared恐惧的。根据“that people covered all the streetlights with porcelain. They even made the rubbish bins out of porcelain”可知，应是对人们用瓷器覆盖路灯，还用瓷器做垃圾桶的行为感到惊讶，故选C。 52．句意：然后，他们开始在上面画画。 make制造；draw画画；take带走；write写。根据“pictures”可知，是画画，故选B。 53．句意：最后，这些瓷器冷却后，工人们把它们放进漂亮的盒子里。 Hardly几乎不；Recently最近；Suddenly突然；Finally最后。根据“First... Then... After that...”可知，空处应是表示操作顺序的词汇，finally符合语境，故选D。 54．句意：俗话说，成功只来自努力工作。 success成功；sadness悲伤；failure失败；difficulty困难。根据“only comes through hard work”可知，只有努力工作才会成功，故选A。 55．句意：制作瓷器要花很多时间，但工人们的辛勤劳动最终变成了漂亮的瓷器。 turned into变成；jumped into跳入；got into进入；looked into调查，研究。根据“the workers’ hard work ...beautiful pieces at last”可知，工人辛勤劳动最终变成了瓷器，故选A。 56．句意：游客们穿过中心，可以买到他们喜欢的东西。 Workers工人；Tourists旅游者，游客；Salesmen推销员；Volunteers志愿者。根据“On the last day of our trip”可知，是旅行，所以空处指游客可以购买到自己喜欢的东西，故选B。 57．句意：天黑前没人想离开。 so因此；if如果；whether是否；until直到。根据“Nobody wanted to leave... it was dark”可知，此处指直到天黑也没人想离开，until符合语境，故选D。 58．句意：我现在明白为什么人们叫景德镇“瓷器之都”了。 communicate交流；understand理解，明白；consider考虑；collect收集。根据后文“It is because of the local people’s...”可知，此处指明白人们叫景德镇“瓷器之都”的原因了，故选B。 59．句意：这是因为当地人对瓷器深深的热爱。 bad坏的；hard困难的；deep深的；easy容易的。根据“They care about porcelain and share this wonderful traditional culture with the world.”可知，此处指当地人对瓷器深深的热爱，故选C。 三、 60．an 61．for 62．learned/learnt 63．deeply 64．her 65．holes 66．looks 67．father’s 68．When 69．taken 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了青年艺术家吕雅婷传承玲珑陶瓷并制作玲珑旋转瓷杯的故事。 60．句意：然而，中国的一位艺术家吕雅婷把这个爱好变成了艺术，甚至是一门生意。根据“…artist”可知，此处是指一位艺术家，应用不定冠词表泛指，且artist是以元音音素开头的单词，应用an修饰。故填an。 61．句意：吕雅婷出生于江西景德镇的一个瓷器世家，她的家族从事瓷器制作和销售多年。根据“has been making”和“many years”可知，此处用介词for表示时间的持续。故填for。 62．句意：吕亚婷在很小的时候就学习了很多关于瓷器的知识。根据“when she was very young”可知，句子时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式learned/learnt。故填learned/learnt。 63．句意：随着她的成长，她深深地爱上了这门传统艺术。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词deep的副词形式deeply“深深地”修饰谓语动词，在句中作状语。故填deeply。 64．句意：后来，她出国深造，这有助于她创业。分析句子结构可知，此处应用人称代词主格she的形容词性物主代词her“她的”作定语修饰名词business。故填her。 65．句意：玲珑瓷的瓷体上有许多孔洞。根据空前“many”可知，此处应用名词hole的复数形式holes作宾语。故填holes。 66．句意：在瓷器上了釉后，看起来就像灯光从洞里照出来一样。根据上文“After the porcelain is covered with a glaze,”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，且主语“it”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单形式looks。故填looks。 67．句意：2014年，21岁的吕从国外归来，开始在父亲的公司工作。根据空后名词“company”可知，此处应用名词father的所有格形式father’s“父亲的”修饰名词company，在句中作定语。故填father’s。 68．句意：当她把杯子放在木制的杯垫上时，杯子就会站起来旋转。分析句子结构可知，此处是指她把杯子放在杯垫上时，杯子就会站起来旋转，应用when引导时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填When。 69．句意：现在，吕雅婷接管了公司，努力制作新颖有趣的玲珑瓷器。结合句意和空前“has”可知，此处是过去某时开始一直接管公司，并持续到现在，所以句子时态应用现在完成时，其结构为has done，动词take的过去分词为taken。故填taken。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$