14.对黑洞的深空探索-2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期阅读热点话题(通用版)

2024-2025学年九年级英语阅读热点话题(通用版) 2024-2025学年九年级英语阅读热点话题(通用版) 14.围绕黑洞展开的深空探索 一、阅读理解 1 When you look up at the night sky, what comes to mind? For Christine Ye, all she can think about are the mysteries of the universe(宇宙). Thanks to her study of black holes and neutron stars(中子星), the 17-year-old at Eastlake High School in Washington, the United States, won the top award at the 2022 Regeneron Science Talent Search. It’s one of the oldest and best-known science competitions for US high school students. It focuses on creativity, following the rules of science, and a person’s potential(潜力) to become a leader in science. Ye’s research is based on data from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO, 激光干涉引力波天文台) . She used the data to solve one of LIGO’s hardest puzzles(谜题). In 2019, researchers found ripples(涟漪) in space-time. The ripples were caused by the collision(碰撞) of a black hole with an unknown object that was 2.6 times as large as Earth’s sun. By analyzing(分析) the data, Ye and her co-writer, Northwestern University researcher Maya Fishbach, pointed out that the unknown object could be a fast-spinning neutron star. They also found that a fast-spinning neutron star could be very large, but still smaller than a black hole. Thanks to the research, Ye won first place and $250,000 (about 159,000 yuan). “I’m totally in shock,” Ye told Geek Wire after the results came out. “It feels amazing.” She also said working with scientists at Northwestern University has been a “once-in-a-lifetime experience”. Ye plans to study astrophysics(天体物理学) in college, especially gravitational-wave(引力波) astronomy. “It’s a very young field,” she said. “It would be really nice to grow up with the field as it develops.” 1．Why did Christine Ye win the award? A．For finding a new neutron star. B．For solving a LIGO puzzle. C．For being the youngest astronomer. D．For finding ripples in space-time. 2．What is the “object” in Paragraph 4? A．A ripple. B．A black hole. C．The sun. D．A neutron star. 3．How did Ye feel after winning the award? A．She was afraid of being famous. B．She was mostly happy about the prize money. C．She was surprised and excited. D．She didn’t care about the award. 4．Which is the best title of this article? A．Teen Scientist Wins Big Award B．Work in a New Field C．Ways to Study Universe D．Ripples(涟漪) in Space-time 2 Stars produce energy every second. When a star fails to make enough energy, its centercollapses. If the star is big enough, it will form a black hole. If no, it will become a smaller and heavier star. During their lives, black holes will "eat" anything that comes close, causing them to grow bigger and bigger. Smaller black holes can move around space at the speed of 400,000 kilometers per hour. But the bigger black holes that are found in the center of galaxies usually don't move. Besides, black holes don't last forever. According to Stephen Hawking, black holes will get smaller over time if they don't "eat" enough. But we've never actually seen this happen. Black holes are among the most exciting mysteries in the universe. They have drawn even more attention since the first photo of a black hole came out on April 10, 2019. Black holes are objects in space with extremely strong gravity. They take in everything around them—even light. They are made up of three parts: the accretion disk, the event horizon, and the singularity（奇点）. The accretion disk is the outer ring of a black hole. If matter enters this area, it will move around the black hole before being taken in. The event horizon is the side of a black hole. Nothing can run away after being taken into the event horizon. This is why we see nothing but darkness when we look at black holes. Finally, there's the middle of the black hole---the singularity. It has a lot of mass and takes up most of the black hole's weight. To better understand black holes, we can look to their opposites—white holes. While mass can only enter a black hole, it can only leave through a white hole, One theory is that black holes will turn into white holes when they finally disappear. However, this process takes millions of years, and humans have not seen it happen yet. Another theory is that white and black holes are connected. They form a link between different universes. So in theory, if you jump into a black hole and survive, you might travel to another universe. While white holes might be just a theory now, remember that black holes were once just a theory as well. Now, less than 50 years later, we have photographed one. If white holes are found one day, we might have to rethink our understanding of the universe. 5．The underlined word' "collapses" in Paragraph 1 probably the same as "___________". A．falls down B．grows up C．dies down D．flies away 6．What is a black hole made up of? ①an object in space②an accretion disk③an event horizon④a singularity A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④ 7．How are the black holes and white holes explained in Paragraph 3? A．By giving example. B．By stating theories. C．By answering questions. D．By offering suggestions. 8．Where can you expect to see this material? A．A guide book. B．A fashion magazine. C．A poster. D．A science magazine. 3 On March 14, 2018，Stephen Hawking, the world-famous British scientist, died at 76 in Cambridge, UK. Hawking is considered by many to be the greatest scientist in history since Albert Einstein. He came up with the theory (理论) that the universe (宇宙) began with the big bang (大爆炸) and will end in black holes. His theories became the base for a lot of later research. He also wrote books to help common people understand the universe. His most famous book is A brief History of Time (时间简史),which has sold more than 10 million copies around the world. Besides his scientific achievements, Hawking was also someone that had a strong will and optimistic attitude (乐观心态). When Hawking was 21, he was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking. Later in life, he had to sit in a wheelchair and speak using a computer. But this didn’t stop him from living a meaningful and colorful life. He traveled around the world for science meetings, visiting every continent (大洲), including Antarctic(南极洲). In 1985, he took a train trip around China. He was also a fan of pop culture and appeared on TV shows such as Star Trek (从星际迷航) and the Big Bang Theory (生活大爆炸). He celebrated his 60th birthday by going up in a hot-air balloon. He hoped to travel into space one day. Hawking left our universe forever. One of science’s brightest stars went dark. 9．What was Stephen Hawking? A．A movie star. B．A teacher. C．A scientist. D．A musician. 10．Which is the name of Hawking’s most famous book? A．Star Trek. B．A Brief History of Time. C．The Big Bang Theory. D．Big Bang. 11．What does the underlined word “will” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．将来 B．遗嘱 C．心愿 D．意志 12．How did Hawking celebrate his 60th birthday? A．He traveled to Antarctic. B．He took a trip by hot-air balloon. C．He traveled into space. D．He took part in a science meeting in the UK. 13．Which statement is NOT TRUE about Hawking? A．Hawking was an Englishman. B．Hawking couldn’t talk and walk after the terrible illness. C．Hawking took a trip to China before he fell ill. D．Hawking could communicate with others through a computer. 4 China has just opened its FAST radio telescope (射电望远镜) to international scientists. It means scientists across the world can apply for using the telescope to do astronomical observations. FAST is short for Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope. It was completed in September 2016 and it officially began operating in January 2020. Measuring 500 meters in diameter. FAST is the world’s largest single-dish radio telescope, and is 10 times more sensitive than the 100-meter Radio Telescope Effelsberg in Germany. The major scientific task of the telescope is the observation of pulsars (脉冲星). The study of pulsars can help to confirm the existence of gravitational radiation (引力辐射) and black holes, and help solve many other major questions in physics. Another major scientific goal of FAST is to search for life outside the Earth. The telescope is located in a naturally deep and round karst depression (喀斯特洼地) in southwest China’s Guizhou Province. The first advantage of the selected site is the altitude (海拔). The average altitude of Guizhou is about 1,100 meters. Generally, the higher the altitude, the more the telescope can observe. Secondly, the radio telescope needs to have a “big pan” to receive better signals. The huge natural depression could reduce the difficulty of construction. Moreover, the selected site in Guizhou is far away from cities, and has a low population density, which reduces the interference (干扰) caused by wireless devices such as TVs, mobile phones and radios from human activities. So far, FAST has found over 300 pulsars. Experts predict that the number could reach 1,000 in five years and that the telescope could find and locate the first pulsar outside the Galaxy. 14．Who can use FAST? A．Chinese scientists. B．Scientists from all countries. C．Soldiers and policemen. D．All Chinese citizens. 15．When did FAST start working officially? A．In 2015. B．In 2016. C．In 2020. D．In 2021. 16．What do we know from the fourth paragraph? A．The advantages of the selected site for FAST. B．Guizhou Province has the highest altitude in China. C．The reasons for using mobile phones less. D．FAST is built in a pan-shape place to keep people out. 17．What do scientists think FAST will probably be able to do in the future? A．Identify more than 300 pulsars in five years. B．Discover the first pulsar outside the Galaxy. C．Locate wireless devices around the world. D．Collect all kinds of sounds in space. 18．Where can you probably read this passage? A．Human and Nature B．Geography 101 C．Animals and Plants D．Scientific World 5 What do black holes look like? Human beings have wanted to know about it for a long time. In 2019, we finally got the answer. They look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside. Scientists took the world’s first photo of a black hole. Scientists didn’t use a camera to take the picture. They used eight radio telescopes in different places around the world. Telescopes got signals (信号) from the black hole. Scientists used computers to process (处理) the signals. It took them two years to get the final picture. The black hole is very far from Earth—about 55 million light years away. One light year is the journey that light travels in one year. One light year is about 9 trillion (万亿) kilometers. This isn’t the only black hole in the universe. In fact, scientists believe every large galaxy (星系) has a big black hole at its center. The one in our galaxy is called Sagittarius A． Black holes are some of the most mysterious (神秘的) things in the universe. This photo can help us learn more about them. 19．What do we know about black holes? A．They are dark holes with a bright center. B．They are many black circles inside each other. C．They are black holes with colorful rings in the center. D．They are dark circles with a bright ring around the outside. 20．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Scientists took the picture of the black hole with a camera. B．The black holes aren’t very far from the Earth. C．The picture of the black hole can help us learn a lot about them. D．Sagittarius A is the only black hole in the universe. 21．Where can we read this text? A．In a science magazine. B．In a storybook. C．In a travel guidebook. D．In a physics exercise. 6 On Dec. 25, 2021, a new age of space science started when NASA set up the James Webb Space Telescope (望远镜) . It will change our understanding of space. According to NASA, Webb is the world’s largest and most powerful telescope.The old Hubble Space Telescope mostly sees what we see-light, But Webb sees infrared (红外线的) light, which is invisible to the human eye. It can make new discoveries by examining stars inside those dust clouds. It will be able to“look at’”the first light after the Big Bang (宇宙大爆炸) which created our universe, as well as how young stars grow. Webb “sees” by using mirrors to collect infrared light from the universe. The bigger the mirror is, the more details it can see. The telescope is as tall as a three-story building and as big as a tennis court. is so big that it has to fold its mirrors to fit inside the rocket, Once in orbit (轨道), they will unfold, creating one large mirror. The telescope flew 29 days to reach its orbit, which is more than one million kilometers away from the earth. After six months, it sent back its first picture. The building of the telescope started in 2004. About 40 million hours of work, thousands of scientists from 14 countries, 10 billion dollars and 1 heavy-lift rocket made it all possible. Now it’s ready to help us answer key questions, such as where we came from and whether we’re alone in the universe. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 22．What does the word “visible”mean in Paragraph 2? A．That can be seen. B．That can be depended on. C．That is not right. D．That is good enough to be eaten. 23．What can the James Webb Space Telescope do according to the text?   ①See infrared light.②Explore dust clouds.③Explore black holes.④Find how young stars grow. A．①②④ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②③ 24．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The Big Bang. B．The light. C．The universe. D．The telescope. 25．When did Webb start sending pictures to the earth after reaching its orbit? A．After 29 days. B．After a month. C．After five months. D．After six months. 26．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text? A． B． C． D． 7 From May 18 to May 22 Science Week is coming! —-Science Club May 8, 2020 Black HolesOn April 10, people around the world got their first look at a real black hole. Want to know more? Come and enjoy a film about black holes at 3p.m. on Thursday in the school hall! 5G is coming! Come and experience what it is like!Time: 2:30p.m.—4:30 p.m. Day:    Monday Place: Science Center Teachers: Miss Yang, Mr. Zhu Why can’t we grow to be 3 meters?Speaker: Doctor Hu Time: 9:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m. Day: Friday Place: Biology Lab Two 3D-printed products must bring you different feelings! Time: 8:20a.m—10:20a.m.Day: Tuesday Place: Computer Room Four Teacher: Mr. Wang 根据语言材料内容选择最佳答案。 27．You can read the poster________. A．in the novel B．in the newspaper C．in the letter 28．If Mike is free in the morning on Friday, where can he go to listen to a speech? A．Science Center B．Computer Room Four C．Biology Lab Two 29．________will explain something about 5G to the students. A．Doctor Hu B．Miss Yang and Mr. Zhu C．Mr. Wang 30．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passages? A．Science Week is on from May 8 to May 22 in 2020. B．We can watch a movie about the black hole during Science Week. C．We can know there are four activities during Science Week. 31．What’s the main purpose of the poster? A．To encourage the students to study hard. B．To help the students to make friends. C．To invite the students to take part in the activities during Science Week. 8 Gravity, the invisible force that keeps our feet on the ground, is a basic concept in physics. Understanding gravity is important in unlocking the secrets of the universe. Gravity is a force of attraction that exists between any two objects in the universe. It makes planets go around the sun and creates stars and galaxies (银河系). Gravity is also what gives weight to objects on Earth and keeps us from floating away. It pulls everything towards the center of the Earth, keeping us firmly on the ground. The strength of gravity depends on two things: how big an object is and how far apart objects are. If something is very big or has a lot of things in it (like the Earth) it has a strong pull of gravity. But if things are far away from each other, the pull of gravity is weaker. That’s why astronauts feel weightless in space because the force of gravity there is much smaller. Gravity is really important in our everyday lives. It makes things fall down when we drop them and keeps us from floating away when we walk or jump. It also affects the tides, making the ocean water rise and fall. Without gravity, the planets wouldn’t stay in their paths, and life as we know wouldn’t exist either. Gravity is important not only on Earth, but also as a force that shapes the entire universe. It keeps galaxies well, allowing stars to form and planets to exist. Gravity also influences events in space such as black holes and the bending (弯曲) of light around large objects. Gravity is a powerful force that controls how things move in space and keeps us on the ground. It affects how objects fall and the rise and fall of the ocean. Therefore, it is essential for our everyday lives. 32．How does the passage bring up the topic? A．Tell stories. B．Ask questions. C．Give a definition. D．Make a comparison. 33．According to the passage, why do we feel weightless in space? A．The force of gravity is weaker in space. B．There is no gravity in space. C．Objects in space have no mass. D．Distance has no effect on gravity in space. 34．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．The force of gravity is stronger between closer objects. B．Gravity plays a role in the formation of stars and galaxies. C．Gravity is only present on Earth as well as on Mars. D．Gravity is responsible for keeping planets in orbit around the sun. 35．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Gravity is a mysterious force that is not fully understood. B．Gravity only affects celestial bodies and has little impact on our daily lives. C．The influence of gravity extends to various aspects of our lives. D．Gravity is a force that can be ignored in our day- to- day activities. 9 Scientists have long believed that there is a black hole in the center of our galaxy(星系), the Milky Way. But last Thursday, scientists released the first image(画像) ever of this black hole. The scientists hope the image will help them learn more about black holes and how they work. All the stars you see in the night sky are part of our galaxy. And in the center of our galaxy is a black hole. It’s called Sagittarius (人马座) A． A black hole is a place where matter is so dense that the pull of its gravity(引力) is very, very strong. The gravity from a black hole is so strong that even light cannot get away from it. The scientists actually take a picture of its shadow and the ring of light around the hole called the “event horizon(视界)”. It’s between the hole and the light that is beyond the pull of the hole’s gravity. The scientists responsible for the picture of the black hole are part of a group called the Event Horizon Telescope project. About 300 scientists in 20 countries have been working on the project for over 12 years. The telescope the scientists use isn’t really a telescope, but several large radio telescopes around the world. This allows the scientists to later use computers to process the radio signals from the telescopes into a single image. Sagittarius A is much closer than many other black holes in space, since it’s in our own galaxy. However, it’s changing very rapidly. One scientist described getting a good image of it as “like trying to take a clear picture of a dog quickly chasing its tail”. The information for the picture of Sagittarius A was collected at the same time. But it took far longer to process the information to create the new image. Now the scientists have successfully captured the image! 36．What is Sagittarius A according to the passage? A．All the parts of our galaxy. B．One of the stars in the night sky. C．The center of our solar system. D．A black hole in our galaxy. 37．What does the underlined word “dense” mean in Chinese? A．遥远的 B．密集的 C．古老的 D．稀薄的 38．Which of the following is NOT true about the scientists in 20 countries? A．They took the picture of the black hole directly. B．It took them a lot of time and effort to get the image. C．They actually processed lots of radio signals into one image. D．They have been working on the project for over 12 years. 39．What is the passage mainly talk about? A．Scientists’ new study about our galaxy. B．Facts about black holes and how they work. C．First picture of the Milky Way’s black hole. D．Event Horizon Telescope project. 二、完形填空 Recently, great scientists around the world were able to create a real picture of a black hole. The black hole named Powehi is about 55 million light years from Earth. This means light travelling from that point takes 55 million years to be 40 on the Earth. When we look at the picture of Powehi, it’s like we are looking into the past. Light started a journey from Powehi to planet earth millions of years ago, 41 light from the sun takes only about 8 minutes and 20 seconds. Black holes have always attracted scientists because black hole isn’t a hole. 42 , it is a place in space with a lot of matter (物质) inside. It has so much gravity that our sun can be pulled into it 43 . Even light can’t avoid it. As a result, it’s always black. It was an amazing discovery. It 44 many ideas about black holes. It also proved Albert Einstein was 45 about his Theory of General Relativity (相对论) which explains the relationship between space and time. This discovery is more than a story about the development of technology that 46 humans to see a black hole for the first time. It’s also a story of how these scientists from all over the world worked together for many years to have this great 47 . Scientists also point out that the first picture of Powehi is the 48 of many more discoveries. One of the most important lessons we learn from this picture is to keep learning. Aristotle once said, “The more you know, the more you 49 you don’t know.” You never know what amazing discovery you will find. 40．A．seen B．touched C．covered D．used 41．A．after B．until C．while D．because 42．A．In all B．In fact C．In place D．In order 43．A．freely B．easily C．clearly D．exactly 44．A．forgot B．chose C．doubted D．confirmed 45．A．right B．sorry C．worried D．crazy 46．A．allowed B．forced C．advised D．invited 47．A．attraction B．application C．achievement D．agreement 48．A．chance B．challenge C．beginning D．boundary 49．A．realize B．report C．refuse D．repeat 三、短文填空 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。 Men have won most of the Nobel Prizes in science in the past. But this year, we saw m 50 women winners than before. Jennifer Doudna from the US and Emmanuelle Charpentier from France shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. It’s the first time in history for two women to win the prize without having to share it with a man. At the same time, US astronomer Andrea Ghez t 51 the fourth woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics. Its first female winner was Marie Curie (居里夫人) in 1903. When h 52 that they were the sixth and seventh women in history to win the Chemistry Prize, Charpentier said that she hopes girls and young female scientists will “understand that nothing is i 53 .” They can “find great discoveries” no matter what their gender (性别) is. Ghez who was awarded for her research on black holes, had the same feeling. “I hope to inspire (激励) more young women into the field,” Ghez said. She is also one of the w 54 of the 2006 children’s book You Can Be a Woman Astronomer. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2024-2025学年九年级英语阅读热点话题(通用版) 2024-2025学年九年级英语阅读热点话题(通用版) 14.围绕黑洞展开的深空探索 一、阅读理解 1 When you look up at the night sky, what comes to mind? For Christine Ye, all she can think about are the mysteries of the universe(宇宙). Thanks to her study of black holes and neutron stars(中子星), the 17-year-old at Eastlake High School in Washington, the United States, won the top award at the 2022 Regeneron Science Talent Search. It’s one of the oldest and best-known science competitions for US high school students. It focuses on creativity, following the rules of science, and a person’s potential(潜力) to become a leader in science. Ye’s research is based on data from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO, 激光干涉引力波天文台) . She used the data to solve one of LIGO’s hardest puzzles(谜题). In 2019, researchers found ripples(涟漪) in space-time. The ripples were caused by the collision(碰撞) of a black hole with an unknown object that was 2.6 times as large as Earth’s sun. By analyzing(分析) the data, Ye and her co-writer, Northwestern University researcher Maya Fishbach, pointed out that the unknown object could be a fast-spinning neutron star. They also found that a fast-spinning neutron star could be very large, but still smaller than a black hole. Thanks to the research, Ye won first place and $250,000 (about 159,000 yuan). “I’m totally in shock,” Ye told Geek Wire after the results came out. “It feels amazing.” She also said working with scientists at Northwestern University has been a “once-in-a-lifetime experience”. Ye plans to study astrophysics(天体物理学) in college, especially gravitational-wave(引力波) astronomy. “It’s a very young field,” she said. “It would be really nice to grow up with the field as it develops.” 1．Why did Christine Ye win the award? A．For finding a new neutron star. B．For solving a LIGO puzzle. C．For being the youngest astronomer. D．For finding ripples in space-time. 2．What is the “object” in Paragraph 4? A．A ripple. B．A black hole. C．The sun. D．A neutron star. 3．How did Ye feel after winning the award? A．She was afraid of being famous. B．She was mostly happy about the prize money. C．She was surprised and excited. D．She didn’t care about the award. 4．Which is the best title of this article? A．Teen Scientist Wins Big Award B．Work in a New Field C．Ways to Study Universe D．Ripples(涟漪) in Space-time 2 Stars produce energy every second. When a star fails to make enough energy, its centercollapses. If the star is big enough, it will form a black hole. If no, it will become a smaller and heavier star. During their lives, black holes will "eat" anything that comes close, causing them to grow bigger and bigger. Smaller black holes can move around space at the speed of 400,000 kilometers per hour. But the bigger black holes that are found in the center of galaxies usually don't move. Besides, black holes don't last forever. According to Stephen Hawking, black holes will get smaller over time if they don't "eat" enough. But we've never actually seen this happen. Black holes are among the most exciting mysteries in the universe. They have drawn even more attention since the first photo of a black hole came out on April 10, 2019. Black holes are objects in space with extremely strong gravity. They take in everything around them—even light. They are made up of three parts: the accretion disk, the event horizon, and the singularity（奇点）. The accretion disk is the outer ring of a black hole. If matter enters this area, it will move around the black hole before being taken in. The event horizon is the side of a black hole. Nothing can run away after being taken into the event horizon. This is why we see nothing but darkness when we look at black holes. Finally, there's the middle of the black hole---the singularity. It has a lot of mass and takes up most of the black hole's weight. To better understand black holes, we can look to their opposites—white holes. While mass can only enter a black hole, it can only leave through a white hole, One theory is that black holes will turn into white holes when they finally disappear. However, this process takes millions of years, and humans have not seen it happen yet. Another theory is that white and black holes are connected. They form a link between different universes. So in theory, if you jump into a black hole and survive, you might travel to another universe. While white holes might be just a theory now, remember that black holes were once just a theory as well. Now, less than 50 years later, we have photographed one. If white holes are found one day, we might have to rethink our understanding of the universe. 5．The underlined word' "collapses" in Paragraph 1 probably the same as "___________". A．falls down B．grows up C．dies down D．flies away 6．What is a black hole made up of? ①an object in space②an accretion disk③an event horizon④a singularity A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④ 7．How are the black holes and white holes explained in Paragraph 3? A．By giving example. B．By stating theories. C．By answering questions. D．By offering suggestions. 8．Where can you expect to see this material? A．A guide book. B．A fashion magazine. C．A poster. D．A science magazine. 3 On March 14, 2018，Stephen Hawking, the world-famous British scientist, died at 76 in Cambridge, UK. Hawking is considered by many to be the greatest scientist in history since Albert Einstein. He came up with the theory (理论) that the universe (宇宙) began with the big bang (大爆炸) and will end in black holes. His theories became the base for a lot of later research. He also wrote books to help common people understand the universe. His most famous book is A brief History of Time (时间简史),which has sold more than 10 million copies around the world. Besides his scientific achievements, Hawking was also someone that had a strong will and optimistic attitude (乐观心态). When Hawking was 21, he was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking. Later in life, he had to sit in a wheelchair and speak using a computer. But this didn’t stop him from living a meaningful and colorful life. He traveled around the world for science meetings, visiting every continent (大洲), including Antarctic(南极洲). In 1985, he took a train trip around China. He was also a fan of pop culture and appeared on TV shows such as Star Trek (从星际迷航) and the Big Bang Theory (生活大爆炸). He celebrated his 60th birthday by going up in a hot-air balloon. He hoped to travel into space one day. Hawking left our universe forever. One of science’s brightest stars went dark. 9．What was Stephen Hawking? A．A movie star. B．A teacher. C．A scientist. D．A musician. 10．Which is the name of Hawking’s most famous book? A．Star Trek. B．A Brief History of Time. C．The Big Bang Theory. D．Big Bang. 11．What does the underlined word “will” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．将来 B．遗嘱 C．心愿 D．意志 12．How did Hawking celebrate his 60th birthday? A．He traveled to Antarctic. B．He took a trip by hot-air balloon. C．He traveled into space. D．He took part in a science meeting in the UK. 13．Which statement is NOT TRUE about Hawking? A．Hawking was an Englishman. B．Hawking couldn’t talk and walk after the terrible illness. C．Hawking took a trip to China before he fell ill. D．Hawking could communicate with others through a computer. 4 China has just opened its FAST radio telescope (射电望远镜) to international scientists. It means scientists across the world can apply for using the telescope to do astronomical observations. FAST is short for Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope. It was completed in September 2016 and it officially began operating in January 2020. Measuring 500 meters in diameter. FAST is the world’s largest single-dish radio telescope, and is 10 times more sensitive than the 100-meter Radio Telescope Effelsberg in Germany. The major scientific task of the telescope is the observation of pulsars (脉冲星). The study of pulsars can help to confirm the existence of gravitational radiation (引力辐射) and black holes, and help solve many other major questions in physics. Another major scientific goal of FAST is to search for life outside the Earth. The telescope is located in a naturally deep and round karst depression (喀斯特洼地) in southwest China’s Guizhou Province. The first advantage of the selected site is the altitude (海拔). The average altitude of Guizhou is about 1,100 meters. Generally, the higher the altitude, the more the telescope can observe. Secondly, the radio telescope needs to have a “big pan” to receive better signals. The huge natural depression could reduce the difficulty of construction. Moreover, the selected site in Guizhou is far away from cities, and has a low population density, which reduces the interference (干扰) caused by wireless devices such as TVs, mobile phones and radios from human activities. So far, FAST has found over 300 pulsars. Experts predict that the number could reach 1,000 in five years and that the telescope could find and locate the first pulsar outside the Galaxy. 14．Who can use FAST? A．Chinese scientists. B．Scientists from all countries. C．Soldiers and policemen. D．All Chinese citizens. 15．When did FAST start working officially? A．In 2015. B．In 2016. C．In 2020. D．In 2021. 16．What do we know from the fourth paragraph? A．The advantages of the selected site for FAST. B．Guizhou Province has the highest altitude in China. C．The reasons for using mobile phones less. D．FAST is built in a pan-shape place to keep people out. 17．What do scientists think FAST will probably be able to do in the future? A．Identify more than 300 pulsars in five years. B．Discover the first pulsar outside the Galaxy. C．Locate wireless devices around the world. D．Collect all kinds of sounds in space. 18．Where can you probably read this passage? A．Human and Nature B．Geography 101 C．Animals and Plants D．Scientific World 5 What do black holes look like? Human beings have wanted to know about it for a long time. In 2019, we finally got the answer. They look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside. Scientists took the world’s first photo of a black hole. Scientists didn’t use a camera to take the picture. They used eight radio telescopes in different places around the world. Telescopes got signals (信号) from the black hole. Scientists used computers to process (处理) the signals. It took them two years to get the final picture. The black hole is very far from Earth—about 55 million light years away. One light year is the journey that light travels in one year. One light year is about 9 trillion (万亿) kilometers. This isn’t the only black hole in the universe. In fact, scientists believe every large galaxy (星系) has a big black hole at its center. The one in our galaxy is called Sagittarius A． Black holes are some of the most mysterious (神秘的) things in the universe. This photo can help us learn more about them. 19．What do we know about black holes? A．They are dark holes with a bright center. B．They are many black circles inside each other. C．They are black holes with colorful rings in the center. D．They are dark circles with a bright ring around the outside. 20．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Scientists took the picture of the black hole with a camera. B．The black holes aren’t very far from the Earth. C．The picture of the black hole can help us learn a lot about them. D．Sagittarius A is the only black hole in the universe. 21．Where can we read this text? A．In a science magazine. B．In a storybook. C．In a travel guidebook. D．In a physics exercise. 6 On Dec. 25, 2021, a new age of space science started when NASA set up the James Webb Space Telescope (望远镜) . It will change our understanding of space. According to NASA, Webb is the world’s largest and most powerful telescope.The old Hubble Space Telescope mostly sees what we see-light, But Webb sees infrared (红外线的) light, which is invisible to the human eye. It can make new discoveries by examining stars inside those dust clouds. It will be able to“look at’”the first light after the Big Bang (宇宙大爆炸) which created our universe, as well as how young stars grow. Webb “sees” by using mirrors to collect infrared light from the universe. The bigger the mirror is, the more details it can see. The telescope is as tall as a three-story building and as big as a tennis court. is so big that it has to fold its mirrors to fit inside the rocket, Once in orbit (轨道), they will unfold, creating one large mirror. The telescope flew 29 days to reach its orbit, which is more than one million kilometers away from the earth. After six months, it sent back its first picture. The building of the telescope started in 2004. About 40 million hours of work, thousands of scientists from 14 countries, 10 billion dollars and 1 heavy-lift rocket made it all possible. Now it’s ready to help us answer key questions, such as where we came from and whether we’re alone in the universe. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 22．What does the word “visible”mean in Paragraph 2? A．That can be seen. B．That can be depended on. C．That is not right. D．That is good enough to be eaten. 23．What can the James Webb Space Telescope do according to the text?   ①See infrared light.②Explore dust clouds.③Explore black holes.④Find how young stars grow. A．①②④ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②③ 24．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The Big Bang. B．The light. C．The universe. D．The telescope. 25．When did Webb start sending pictures to the earth after reaching its orbit? A．After 29 days. B．After a month. C．After five months. D．After six months. 26．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text? A． B． C． D． 7 From May 18 to May 22 Science Week is coming! —-Science Club May 8, 2020 Black HolesOn April 10, people around the world got their first look at a real black hole. Want to know more? Come and enjoy a film about black holes at 3p.m. on Thursday in the school hall! 5G is coming! Come and experience what it is like!Time: 2:30p.m.—4:30 p.m. Day:    Monday Place: Science Center Teachers: Miss Yang, Mr. Zhu Why can’t we grow to be 3 meters?Speaker: Doctor Hu Time: 9:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m. Day: Friday Place: Biology Lab Two 3D-printed products must bring you different feelings! Time: 8:20a.m—10:20a.m.Day: Tuesday Place: Computer Room Four Teacher: Mr. Wang 根据语言材料内容选择最佳答案。 27．You can read the poster________. A．in the novel B．in the newspaper C．in the letter 28．If Mike is free in the morning on Friday, where can he go to listen to a speech? A．Science Center B．Computer Room Four C．Biology Lab Two 29．________will explain something about 5G to the students. A．Doctor Hu B．Miss Yang and Mr. Zhu C．Mr. Wang 30．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passages? A．Science Week is on from May 8 to May 22 in 2020. B．We can watch a movie about the black hole during Science Week. C．We can know there are four activities during Science Week. 31．What’s the main purpose of the poster? A．To encourage the students to study hard. B．To help the students to make friends. C．To invite the students to take part in the activities during Science Week. 8 Gravity, the invisible force that keeps our feet on the ground, is a basic concept in physics. Understanding gravity is important in unlocking the secrets of the universe. Gravity is a force of attraction that exists between any two objects in the universe. It makes planets go around the sun and creates stars and galaxies (银河系). Gravity is also what gives weight to objects on Earth and keeps us from floating away. It pulls everything towards the center of the Earth, keeping us firmly on the ground. The strength of gravity depends on two things: how big an object is and how far apart objects are. If something is very big or has a lot of things in it (like the Earth) it has a strong pull of gravity. But if things are far away from each other, the pull of gravity is weaker. That’s why astronauts feel weightless in space because the force of gravity there is much smaller. Gravity is really important in our everyday lives. It makes things fall down when we drop them and keeps us from floating away when we walk or jump. It also affects the tides, making the ocean water rise and fall. Without gravity, the planets wouldn’t stay in their paths, and life as we know wouldn’t exist either. Gravity is important not only on Earth, but also as a force that shapes the entire universe. It keeps galaxies well, allowing stars to form and planets to exist. Gravity also influences events in space such as black holes and the bending (弯曲) of light around large objects. Gravity is a powerful force that controls how things move in space and keeps us on the ground. It affects how objects fall and the rise and fall of the ocean. Therefore, it is essential for our everyday lives. 32．How does the passage bring up the topic? A．Tell stories. B．Ask questions. C．Give a definition. D．Make a comparison. 33．According to the passage, why do we feel weightless in space? A．The force of gravity is weaker in space. B．There is no gravity in space. C．Objects in space have no mass. D．Distance has no effect on gravity in space. 34．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．The force of gravity is stronger between closer objects. B．Gravity plays a role in the formation of stars and galaxies. C．Gravity is only present on Earth as well as on Mars. D．Gravity is responsible for keeping planets in orbit around the sun. 35．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Gravity is a mysterious force that is not fully understood. B．Gravity only affects celestial bodies and has little impact on our daily lives. C．The influence of gravity extends to various aspects of our lives. D．Gravity is a force that can be ignored in our day- to- day activities. 9 Scientists have long believed that there is a black hole in the center of our galaxy(星系), the Milky Way. But last Thursday, scientists released the first image(画像) ever of this black hole. The scientists hope the image will help them learn more about black holes and how they work. All the stars you see in the night sky are part of our galaxy. And in the center of our galaxy is a black hole. It’s called Sagittarius (人马座) A． A black hole is a place where matter is so dense that the pull of its gravity(引力) is very, very strong. The gravity from a black hole is so strong that even light cannot get away from it. The scientists actually take a picture of its shadow and the ring of light around the hole called the “event horizon(视界)”. It’s between the hole and the light that is beyond the pull of the hole’s gravity. The scientists responsible for the picture of the black hole are part of a group called the Event Horizon Telescope project. About 300 scientists in 20 countries have been working on the project for over 12 years. The telescope the scientists use isn’t really a telescope, but several large radio telescopes around the world. This allows the scientists to later use computers to process the radio signals from the telescopes into a single image. Sagittarius A is much closer than many other black holes in space, since it’s in our own galaxy. However, it’s changing very rapidly. One scientist described getting a good image of it as “like trying to take a clear picture of a dog quickly chasing its tail”. The information for the picture of Sagittarius A was collected at the same time. But it took far longer to process the information to create the new image. Now the scientists have successfully captured the image! 36．What is Sagittarius A according to the passage? A．All the parts of our galaxy. B．One of the stars in the night sky. C．The center of our solar system. D．A black hole in our galaxy. 37．What does the underlined word “dense” mean in Chinese? A．遥远的 B．密集的 C．古老的 D．稀薄的 38．Which of the following is NOT true about the scientists in 20 countries? A．They took the picture of the black hole directly. B．It took them a lot of time and effort to get the image. C．They actually processed lots of radio signals into one image. D．They have been working on the project for over 12 years. 39．What is the passage mainly talk about? A．Scientists’ new study about our galaxy. B．Facts about black holes and how they work. C．First picture of the Milky Way’s black hole. D．Event Horizon Telescope project. 二、完形填空 Recently, great scientists around the world were able to create a real picture of a black hole. The black hole named Powehi is about 55 million light years from Earth. This means light travelling from that point takes 55 million years to be 40 on the Earth. When we look at the picture of Powehi, it’s like we are looking into the past. Light started a journey from Powehi to planet earth millions of years ago, 41 light from the sun takes only about 8 minutes and 20 seconds. Black holes have always attracted scientists because black hole isn’t a hole. 42 , it is a place in space with a lot of matter (物质) inside. It has so much gravity that our sun can be pulled into it 43 . Even light can’t avoid it. As a result, it’s always black. It was an amazing discovery. It 44 many ideas about black holes. It also proved Albert Einstein was 45 about his Theory of General Relativity (相对论) which explains the relationship between space and time. This discovery is more than a story about the development of technology that 46 humans to see a black hole for the first time. It’s also a story of how these scientists from all over the world worked together for many years to have this great 47 . Scientists also point out that the first picture of Powehi is the 48 of many more discoveries. One of the most important lessons we learn from this picture is to keep learning. Aristotle once said, “The more you know, the more you 49 you don’t know.” You never know what amazing discovery you will find. 40．A．seen B．touched C．covered D．used 41．A．after B．until C．while D．because 42．A．In all B．In fact C．In place D．In order 43．A．freely B．easily C．clearly D．exactly 44．A．forgot B．chose C．doubted D．confirmed 45．A．right B．sorry C．worried D．crazy 46．A．allowed B．forced C．advised D．invited 47．A．attraction B．application C．achievement D．agreement 48．A．chance B．challenge C．beginning D．boundary 49．A．realize B．report C．refuse D．repeat 三、短文填空 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。 Men have won most of the Nobel Prizes in science in the past. But this year, we saw m 50 women winners than before. Jennifer Doudna from the US and Emmanuelle Charpentier from France shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. It’s the first time in history for two women to win the prize without having to share it with a man. At the same time, US astronomer Andrea Ghez t 51 the fourth woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics. Its first female winner was Marie Curie (居里夫人) in 1903. When h 52 that they were the sixth and seventh women in history to win the Chemistry Prize, Charpentier said that she hopes girls and young female scientists will “understand that nothing is i 53 .” They can “find great discoveries” no matter what their gender (性别) is. Ghez who was awarded for her research on black holes, had the same feeling. “I hope to inspire (激励) more young women into the field,” Ghez said. She is also one of the w 54 of the 2006 children’s book You Can Be a Woman Astronomer. 参考答案 一、 1 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【解析】本文讲述了高中生Christine Ye对宇宙奥秘的探索以及取得的奖项。 1．细节理解题。根据“She used the data to solve one of LIGO’s hardest puzzles.”可知，Christine Ye获奖的原因，是因为用这些数据解决了LIGO最难的难题之一。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“The ripples were caused by the collision of a black hole with an unknown object that was 2.6 times as large as Earth’s sun.”和“pointed out that the unknown object could be a fast-spinning neutron star.”可知，这个未知物体可能是一颗快速旋转的中子星。所以划线词“object”意为“a neutron star”。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“I’m totally in shock,”以及“It feels amazing.”可推知，赢得奖项后她既惊讶又兴奋。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了高中生Christine Ye对宇宙奥秘的探索以及取得的奖项。选项A“青少年科学家获得大奖”最适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。 2 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 【分析】文章大意：自从2019年4月10日人类得到第一张黑洞照片以来，人们对黑洞的认识又更加深入了。黑洞需要通过吸收所有在其附近的物质包括光来聚集能量，否则就会坍塌，但黑洞还有更多的秘密需要人们去揭开。 5．词义猜测题。根据“If the star is big enough, it will form a black hole. If no, it will become a smaller and heavier star”，可知，如果恒星足够大，将会形成黑洞。但是如果不是，它就会变成一个更小更重的恒星，最后坍塌，所以“collapses”与“falls down”同义，故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据“They are made up of three parts: the accretion disk, the event horizon, and the singularity”，可知，黑洞是由三部分组成，吸积盘，事件视界和奇点，故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据“One theory is that black holes will turn into white holes when they finally disappear”及“Another theory is that white and black holes are connected”，可知，第三段通过陈述理论来解释黑洞和白洞，故选B。 8．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是介绍与黑洞有关的科学知识，所以我们会在科学杂志上看到，故选D。 3 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．C 【分析】本文介绍了著名科学家史蒂芬·霍金主要事迹以及他对人类做了哪些贡献。2018年3月14日，世界著名的英国科学家斯蒂芬·霍金在英国剑桥去世，享年76岁。霍金被许多人认为是自爱因斯坦以来历史上最伟大的科学家。他提出了宇宙从大爆炸开始，最终以黑洞结束的理论。他最著名的著作是《时间简史》。除了科学成就之外，霍金也是一个意志坚强、态度乐观的人。当霍金21岁时，他被诊断出患有一种严重的疾病，使他无法行走和说话。后来，他不得不坐在轮椅上，用电脑说话。但这并没有阻止他过上有意义和丰富多彩的生活。他周游世界参加科学会议，访问了包括南极在内的所有大陆。1985年，他乘火车周游中国。他也是流行文化的粉丝，曾出现在《星际迷航》和《生活大爆炸》等电视节目中。他乘热气球庆祝60岁生日。他希望有一天能进入太空。 9．题意：史蒂芬·霍金是干什么的？考查细节理解。A. A movie star. 电影明星；B. A teacher. 教师；C. A scientist. 科学家；D. A musician音乐家。根据第一段On March 14, 2018，Stephen Hawking, the world-famous British scientist, died at 76 in Cambridge, UK.（2018年3月14日，世界著名的英国科学家斯蒂芬·霍金在英国剑桥去世，享年76岁。）可知史蒂芬·霍金是一名科学家；选C。 10．题意：霍金最著名的著作叫什么名字？考查细节理解。A. Star Trek. 《星际迷航》；B. A Brief History of Time.《时间简史》；C. The Big Bang Theory.《大爆炸理论》D. Big Bang.《大爆炸》。根据第2段最后一句His most famous book is A brief History of Time (时间简史)可知选B。 11．题意：第3段中带下划线的单词“will”可能是什么意思？考查细节理解。A. 将来；B. 遗嘱；C. 心愿；D. 意志。根据下文（第4段）“当霍金21岁时，他被诊断出患有一种严重的疾病，使他无法行走和说话….但这并没有阻止他过上有意义和丰富多彩的生活。他周游世界参加科学会议，访问了包括南极在内的所有大陆。1985年，他乘火车周游中国。…他希望有一天能进入太空。”第3段Besides his scientific achievements, Hawking was also someone that had a strong will and optimistic attitude (乐观心态).句意是：除了科学成就之外，霍金也是一个意志坚强、态度乐观的人。结合句意可知will意思是“意志”；选D。 12．题意：霍金是如何庆祝他的60岁生日的？考查细节理解。A. He traveled to Antarctic. 他去了南极；B. He took a trip by hot-air balloon. 他乘热气球旅行；C. He traveled into space. 他到太空旅游；D. He took part in a science meeting in the UK. 他参加了在英国举行的科学会议。根据第4段倒数第2句He celebrated his 60th birthday by going up in a hot-air balloon.（他乘热气球庆祝60岁生日。）可知选B。 13．题意：关于霍金，哪个句子不正确？考查细节理解判断。A. Hawking was an Englishman. 霍金是一个英国人；B. Hawking couldn’t talk and walk after the terrible illness. 霍金在得了很重病之后，他不能说话和走路；C. Hawking took a trip to China before he fell ill. 霍金生病前曾到中国旅行；D. Hawking could communicate with others through a computer. 霍金可以通过电脑与他人交流。根据第一段“2018年3月14日，世界著名的英国科学家斯蒂芬·霍金在英国剑桥去世，享年76岁。”可知霍金生于1942年；根据第4段第1句When Hawking was 21, he was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking.可知21岁患病时，是1963年；根据4段第5句In 1985, he took a train trip around China.（1985年，他乘火车周游中国。）可知他到中国旅游是在患病之后；故C错误；选C。 4 14．B 15．C 16．A 17．B 18．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了位于我国贵州的“中国天眼”——FAST望远镜。 14．细节理解题。根据原文“It means scientists across the world can apply for using the telescope to do astronomical observations”可知，世界各地的科学家都可以使用FAST望远镜。故选B。 15．细节理解题。根据原文“It was completed in September 2016 and it officially began operating in January 2020”可知，FAST望远镜于2020年1月正式投入使用。故选C。 16．主旨大意题。通读第四段可知，本段说的是FAST望远镜的选址及其优势。故选A。 17．细节理解题。根据原文“the telescope could find and locate the first pulsar outside the Galaxy”可知，FAST望远镜可能会发现并定位银河系外的第一颗脉冲星。故选B。 18．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，介绍了位于我国贵州的“中国天眼”——FAST望远镜。由此可推断本文出自一本科学类杂志。故选D。 5 19．D 20．C 21．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了什么是黑洞以及它的一些特征。 19．细节理解题。根据“They look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside.”可知，黑洞就是周边有着明亮圆环的黑圈。故选D。 20．推理判断题。根据“This photo can help us learn more about them.”可知，黑洞照片有助于我们对黑洞有更多的了解。故选C。 21．推理判断题。这是一篇科普文章，可推测，一般能在科学杂志上看到。故选A。 6 22．A 23．A 24．D 25．D 26．C 【解析】这篇短文主要介绍了迄今为止建造的体积最大也是最强大的太空科学望远镜——韦伯。 22．词义猜测题。根据第二段“The old Hubble Space Telescope mostly sees what we see-light, But Webb sees infrared (红外线的) light, which is invisible to the human eye.”可知，但韦伯看到的是红外线，人眼看不见的光。可知，visible是invisible的反义词，”，意思是“可见的”。故选A。 23．细节理解题。根据第二段“But Webb sees infrared light, which is invisible to the human eye. It can make new discoveries by examining stars inside those dust clouds. It will be able to ‘look at’ the first light after the Big Bang which created our universe, as well as how young stars grow.”可知，但是韦伯看到红外光，这是人眼看不见的。它可以通过检查那些尘埃云中的恒星来做出新的发现。它将能够“看到”创造我们宇宙的大爆炸之后的第一道光，以及年轻的恒星如何成长。可知，①②④符合题意。故选A。 24．词义猜测题。根据第三段“The telescope is as tall as a three-story building and as big as a tennis court. It is so big that it has to fold its mirrors to fit inside the rocket.”可知，望远镜有三层楼那么高，有网球场那么大。它大得把镜子折叠起来才能装进火箭里。可知，it指的是望远镜。故选D。 25．细节理解题。根据第四段“After six months,it sent back its first picture.”可知，韦伯到达地球轨道后六个月开始向地球发送图片。故选D。 26．文章结构题。根据第一段“On Dec.25,2021,a new age of space science started when NASA set up the James Webb Space Telescope.”(2021年12月25日，NASA建造了詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜,开启了太空科学的新时代。)；第二段“According to NASA, Webb is the world’s largest and most powerful telescope.”(据美国宇航局称，韦伯望远镜是世界上最大、最强大的望远镜。)’’第三段“Webb ‘sees’ by using mirrors to collect infrared light from the universe.”(韦伯通过使用镜子收集来自宇宙的红外光来“看到”。)；第四段“The telescope flew 29 days to reach its orbit,which is more than one million kilometers away from the earth. After six months, it sent back its first picture.”(望远镜飞行了29天才到达距离地球超过100万公里的轨道。六个月后，它发回了第一张照片。)；第五段“The building of the telescope started in 2004.”(望远镜的建造始于2004年。)；第六段“Now it’s ready to help us answer key questions, such as where we came from and whether we’re alone in the universe.”(现在它已经准备好帮助我们回答关键问题，例如我们来自哪里以及我们在宇宙中是否孤独。)可知，第一段讲述了NASA建造了詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜；第二、三、四、五段分别讲述了韦伯望远镜的功能、通过镜子收集红外光，望远镜到达轨道后六个月后返回照片以及望远镜的建造，第六段讲述了望远镜现在已经准备好回答问题。本文的结构应如C项所示。故选C。 7 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．C 【分析】本文主要讲述了科学周期间的四个活动，包括时间、地点、人物等，邀请学生来参加科学周活动。 27．推理判断题。根据4个表格可知讲述了一些科学，例如黑洞，5G，3D打印和为什么我们长不到三米，可推测出可以在报纸上看到，故选B。 28．细节理解题。根据表格三“Time: 9:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m. Day: Friday，Place: Biology Lab Two”可知周五早上去Biology Lab Two，故选C。 29．细节理解题。根据表格二“Teachers: Miss Yang, Mr. Zhu”可知是Miss Yang和Mr. Zhu两个人，故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据大标题“From May 18 to May 22”可知是从五月18号到22号，与选项A内容不一致，所以选项A错误；根据“Come and enjoy a film about black holes at 3p.m. on Thursday in the school hall!”可知下午3点来欣赏一部关于黑洞的电影，与选项B内容一致，所以选项B正确；根据四个表格内容，可知是在科学周里面有四个活动，与选项C内容一致，所以选项C正确；故选A。 31．主旨大意题。根据大标题“From May 18 to May 22Science Week is coming!—-Science Club May 8, 2020”及4个表格内容，可知是邀请学生来参加科学周活动，故选C。 8 32．C 33．A 34．C 35．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了重力这一物理概念，包括它的定义、作用以及对宇宙和日常生活的重要性。 32．推理判断题。根据“Gravity, the invisible force that keeps our feet on the ground, is a basic concept in physics. Understanding gravity is important in unlocking the secrets of the universe.”可知，文章通过给出重力的定义来引出话题，故选C。 33．细节理解题。根据“That’s why astronauts feel weightless in space because the force of gravity there is much smaller.”可知，我们在太空中感觉失重是因为那里的重力小得多，故选A。 34．细节理解题。根据“Gravity is a force of attraction that exists between any two objects in the universe.”可知，重力存在于宇宙中任何两个物体之间，而不仅仅是在地球和火星上，故选C。 35．推理判断题。根据“Gravity is important not only on Earth, but also as a force that shapes the entire universe. It keeps galaxies well, allowing stars to form and planets to exist. Gravity also influences events in space such as black holes and the bending (弯曲) of light around large objects.”可知，重力的影响延伸到我们生活的各个方面，故选C。 9 36．D 37．B 38．A 39．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍第一张银河系黑洞的照片。 36．细节理解题。根据“And in the center of our galaxy is a black hole. It’s called Sagittarius (人马座) A.”可知，“人马座A”是我们银河系中心的一个黑洞。故选D。 37．词句猜测题。分析“A black hole is a place where matter is so dense that the pull of its gravity(引力) is very, very strong. The gravity from a black hole is so strong that even light cannot get away from it.”可知，黑洞是一个物质密度非常大的地方，它的引力非常非常强。黑洞的引力是如此之强，以至于光都无法离开它。所以此处dense的意思是“密集的”，故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据“The scientists actually take a picture of its shadow and the ring of light around the hole called the ‘event horizon(视界)’.”可知，科学家们实际上拍下了黑洞的阴影和黑洞周围被称为“视界”的光圈，而不是直接拍下了黑洞。故选A。 39．主旨大意题。根据“But last Thursday, scientists released the first image(画像) ever of this black hole.”和文章内容可知，本文主要介绍第一张银河系黑洞的照片，故选C。 二、 40．A 41．C 42．B 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．A 47．C 48．C 49．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了黑洞的外观及科学家们如何拍摄到了黑洞的照片。 40．句意：这意味着从这一点出发的光需要5500万年才能在地球上被看到。 seen看见；touched触摸；covered覆盖；used使用。根据后文提到的“When we look at the picture of Powehi”可知，此处指的是要花5500万年才能在地球上被看到。故选A。 41．句意：数百万年前，光就开始了从Powehi到地球的旅程，而来自太阳的光只需要大约8分20秒。 after在……之后；until直到；while而；because因为。根据“Light started a journey from Powehi to planet earth millions of years ago,”以及“light from the sun takes only about 8 minutes and 20 seconds.”可知，此处对比两件事物，while符合语境。故选C。 42．句意：事实上，它是空间中的一个地方，里面有很多物质。 In all总共；In fact事实上；In place在正确的位置；In order按顺序。根据“light from the sun takes only about 8 minutes and 20 seconds.”可知，设空处后陈述事实，应该说“事实上”。故选B。 43．句意：它的引力如此之大，以至于我们的太阳很容易被拉进去。 freely自由地；easily容易地；clearly清晰地；exactly准确地。根据“It has so much gravity that our sun can be pulled into it”可知，设空处是说太阳很容易被拉进去。故选B。 44．句意：它证实了许多关于黑洞的观点。 forgot忘记；chose选择；doubted怀疑；confirmed确认。根据后文“It also proved Albert Einstein was…about his Theory of General Relativity (相对论) which explains the relationship between space and time.”可知，后文提到了也证明了爱因斯坦的理论，因此设空处是说的确认。故选D。 45．句意：它也证明了阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦关于解释空间和时间关系的广义相对论是正确的。 right对的；sorry遗憾的；worried担心的；crazy疯狂的。根据“about his Theory of General Relativity (相对论) which explains the relationship between space and time.”可知，是证明了相对论是正确的。故选A。 46．句意：这一发现不仅仅是关于人类第一次因技术发展而能够看到黑洞的故事。 allowed允许；forced强迫；advised建议；invited邀请。根据“the development of technology that…humans to see a black hole for the first time.”可知，应该说科技发展允许人类能够看到黑洞。故选A。 47．句意：这也是一个来自世界各地的科学家们如何共同努力多年才取得这一伟大成就的故事。 attraction吸引；application申请；achievement成就；agreement协议。根据“these scientists from all over the world worked together for many years to have this great”可知，是伟大的成就。故选C。 48．句意：科学家们还指出，第一张Powehi的照片是更多发现的开始。 chance机会；challenge挑战；beginning开始；boundary边界。根据“of many more discoveries.”可知，是更多发现的开始。故选C。 49．句意：亚里士多德曾经说过：“你知道的越多，你就越会意识到你所不知道的越多。” realize意识到；report报道；refuse拒绝；repeat重复。根据“you don’t know.”可知，此处指的是意识到有更多不知道的。故选A。 三、 50．(m)ore 51．(t)urned 52．(h)earing 53．(i)mpossible 54．(w)riters 【解析】本文介绍了过去大多数诺贝尔科学奖都是男性，但今年，我们看到更多的女性科学奖获得者。 50．句意：但今年，我们看到比以前更多的女性获奖者。由空后“ than before”并结合字母提示可知，此处应填many的比较级more“更多的”，修饰名词复数。故填(m)ore。 51．句意：与此同时，美国天文学家Andrea Ghez 成为第四位获得诺贝尔物理学奖的女性。由语境并结合字母提示可知，句子时态是一般过去时，此处是指“成为第四位女性诺贝尔奖获得者”，应填turn的动词过去式turned“成为”，故填(t)urned。 52．句意：当听说她们是历史上第六位和第七位获得化学奖的女性时。根据“they were the sixth and seventh women in history to win the Chemistry Prize”结合字母提示，这里是介绍“听说”的内容，主语和hear之间是主动关系，所以用“when doing sth.”在句中作伴随状语。故填(h)earing。 53．句意：Charpentier说，她希望女孩和年轻的女科学家“明白没有什么是不可能的”。结合女性获得诺贝尔奖和首字母提示可知，此处指“没什么是不可能的”，应填impossible作表语。故填(i)mpossible。 54．句意：她还是2006年儿童读物《你可以成为一名女天文学家》的作者之一。one of +名词复数，表示“……之一”，由“the 2006 children’s book You Can Be a Woman Astronomer.”并结合字母提示可知，此处指书的作者，writer的复数是writers。故填(w)riters。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$