Unit 1 A New Start Using language Grammar 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

B1U1 A new start Using Language 特点: 即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。 Sentence pattern 1 Ｓ +Ｖ（主＋谓）（+状） Ｓ Ｖi （不及物动词） 1. Time 2. The moon 3. The man 4. Everybody 5. I 6. They flies (quickly). rose (slowly). cooked (well). laughed (happily). work (hard). talked (loudly). 主语：主语就是一句话主要叙述的对象或者这句话主要讲的内容, 这句话主要讲什么，这个“什么”就是主语 The book is expensive. （普通名词作主语） China is very large. / Nick is a teacher.（专有名词/人名作主语） They are happy.（人称代词作主语） This is my pen.（指示代词作主语） Eight is a lucky number.（数词作主语） To learn English is easy.（不定式作主语） Learning English is funny.（动名词作主语） The rich should help the poor.（名词化形容词作主语） What I love is the beauty of the city.（从句作主语） 谓语：说明主语动作或者状态的词语, 即说明主语做什么或者主语是什么，主语怎么样的词语。 牢记：只有”动词原形(do)、动词单三形式(does)、动词过去式(did)”三种形式可以充当谓语动词！ “to do, doing, done”三种形式为非谓语动词！ She eats an apple every day.（动词单三形式作谓语） I have finished my homework already. （复合谓语，动词原形开头） They went to the part together. （动词过去式作谓语） We should use every chance to learn. （复合谓语，情态动词开头） I was a student 10 years ago.（动词过去式作谓语） Where did you go last night?（复合谓语，助动词开头） Summary（小结不及物动词的特点）： 1.不及物动词不直接接 _________; 2.没________语态 宾语（O） 被动 Fill in 1. My right arm ______(hurt) badly. 2. She ________(agree). 2. The sun ______(rise) every morning. 3. The car ______(stop) suddenly. 4. Lihua ______(stand) up nervously. hurts rises stops agrees stands 特点: 谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。 Sentence pattern 2 Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）(+状） Ｓ Ｖt（实义动词） Ｏ(宾语) 1. She 2. He 3. He 4. They 5. Danny laughs at understands made did likes me. English. cakes (everyday). their homework (carefully). books. 宾语：指一个动作(动词)的接受者, 出现在谓语动词后或介词后 She bought a house yesterday. (名词作宾语) He said nothing during the meeting. (代词作宾语) He pretended not to see me. (不定式短语) I enjoy listening to popular music. (动名词短语) I have finished two of the assignments. (数词作宾语) We need to help the disabled. (名词化形容词作宾语) You don’t understand what I said. (从句作宾语) Translate the sentences into English: 1.我喜欢昆虫。 2.我探索了我的高中。 3.我们介绍了我们自己 I explore senior high. We introduced ourselves. I like insects. my 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。 Sentence pattern 3 Ｓ +Ｖ +IO +DO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） Ｓ Ｖ（及物） IO（多指人） DO（多指物） 1. He 2. She 3. He 4. I 5. I 6. She taught cooked buys showed told gave her me you her him me a lesson. a delicious meal. a gift. my pictures. a secret. a nudge. 双宾语 双宾语: 有些动词后面可跟直接宾语和间接宾语 直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物(即sth)，间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示行为的人(即sb)。 如果间接宾语出现在前，则直接采用”谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构。如: They gave him a watch. 如果直接宾语出现在前，则后面必须有to或for才能够引出间接宾语 即”谓语动词+直接宾语+to/for+间接宾语”结构，如: = They gave a watch to him. (人/sb:间接宾语) (物/sth:直接宾语) (物/sth:直接宾语) (人/sb:间接宾语) 双宾语 双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词 Using “TO” Meaning award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 颁奖给某人 bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人 hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 将某物给某人 owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物 pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 付给某人某物（钱） post sb. sth. = post sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 把某物读给某人听 双宾语 双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词 Using “TO” Meaning return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人 send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人 sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人 serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 拿某物招待某人 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 拿某物给某人看 take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物拿给某人 teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物 tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某情况 throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人 write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 给某人写信 双宾语 双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词 Using “FOR” Meaning book sb. sth. = book sth. for sb. 为某人预定某物 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选某物 cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 为某人煮某物 draw sb. sth. = draw sth. for sb. 为某人画某物 fetch sb. sth. = fetch sth. for sb. 为某人去取某物 find sb. sth. = find sth. for sb. 为某人找到某物 fix sb. sth. = fix sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb. 为某人拿来某物 双宾语 双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词 Using “FOR” Meaning make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 为某人做某物 order sb. sth. = order sth. for sb. 为某人订购某物 pick sb. sth. = pick sth. for sb. 为某人采摘某物 prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 save sb. sth. = save sth. for sb. 为某人留某物 sing sb. sth. = sing sth. for sb. 为某人唱某物（歌） spare sb. sth. = spare sth. for sb. 为某人让出某物 steal sb. sth. = steal sth. for sb. 为某人偷某物 双宾语 Extra: 不必过于纠结双宾语易位时到底用 ”to” 还是 ”for” : ① 这早已不是任何一类正规考试的方向； ② 其次大部分动词后面接 to或 for早已无区别或不影响理解，如： Bring your papers to/for me. He bought what he had promised for/to us. ③ 通常在双宾语中for表示”意图对象/主观”，to表示”实际到达对象/客观” (简单理解即可，不必过于较真) I cook it for you. (到没到不知道/主观) I already sent the letter to you. (实际寄到的对象/客观) 双宾语 较为固定 (即双宾语通常情况下不易位) 既不用to也不用for Words Using “NOTHING” Meaning allow ask cause charge cost forgive refuse etc. He allows his son too much money. 他给他儿子的钱太多。 He asked me some questions. 他问了我一些问题。 This caused me much trouble. 这给我带来了许多麻烦。 He charged me five dollars for a cup of tea. 他一杯茶向我要了5美元。 His mistake cost him his job. 他的错误让他丢了工作。 I envy you your good luck. 我羡慕你的好运。 They forgave him his rudeness. 他们原谅了他的鲁莽。 He refused her nothing. 她要什么他就给什么 双宾语 少数动词引出间接宾语后需要加of才能引出直接宾语 Using “OF” Meaning accuse sb of sth 控告某人某罪 convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事 cure sb of sth 治愈某人某病/改掉某人不良习惯 inform sb of sth 通知某人某事 persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事 remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事 rob sb of sth 抢某人某物 suspect sb of sth 怀疑某人(做了)某事 warn sb of sth 警告某人某事/某物 双宾语 特殊双宾语结构: v + to sb + sth = v + sth + to sb Words Examples declare, describe, drink, deliver, explain, express, announce, admit, repeat, report, retell, mention, murmur, mutter, introduce, say, suggest, whisper, communicate etc (口诀: Dear Miss WC) explain to sb sth = explain sth to sb She didn’t explain to me the reason. She didn’t explain the reason to me. express to sb sth = express sth to sb We express to her our gratitude. We express our gratitude to her. announce to sb sth = announce sth to sb The teacher announces to us the arrival time. The teacher announces the arrival time to us. report to sb sth = report sth to sb I reported to the police the accident. I reported the accident to the police. suggest to sb sth = suggest st to sb Our teacher suggested to us a new learning method. Our teacher suggested a new learning method to us. admit to sb sth = admit sth to sb He didn’t admit to us his mistake. He didn’t admit his mistake to us. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。 Sentence pattern 4 Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） Ｓ Ｖ（及物） Ｏ（宾语） Ｃ（宾补） 1. We 2. They 3. They 4. They 5. We 6. He 7. I keep painted call found saw asked saw the table the door supper the house him me them clean. green. dinner. dirty. out. to come back soon. getting on the bus. ⑤宾语补足语(即复合宾语)：某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语. 即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态 这个词或短语称为宾语补足语 We made him a birthday cake. (名词作宾补) I tried my best to make him happy. (形容词作宾补) Please let him in. (副词作宾补) I put my family first. (数词作宾补) We call him a nice man. (名词短语作宾补) He advised me to give up smoking. (不定式短语作宾补) I saw him running down the street. (动名词短语作宾补) I found him reading my letter. (现在分词作宾补) I noticed him in tears. (介词短语作宾补) 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。 Sentence Pattern 5 Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ（主＋系＋表） Ｓ Linking-V(系动词) Ｐ(表语) 1. The dinner 2. He 3. Everything 4. He 5. The book 6.The weather 7. His face smells fell looks is is became turned good. happy. different. tall and strong. interesting. warmer. red. 表语：说明主语的身份、性质、状况等含义的成分(表语就是对主语的补充说明), 出现在系动词后 系动词： 状态：be, look, keep, seem 变化：get, grow, become, turn. Her face turned red. (形容词作表语） He is a boy. (名词作表语） Five plus two is seven. (数词作表语） We are here. (副词作表语） The house is on fire. (介词短语作表语） Seeing is believing. (动名词作表语） Our duty is to make our environment better. (不定式作表语） Is this what you want? (从句作表语） 半系动词： 感官动词：smell, hear, sound, feel, taste Fill in the blanks: 1. I ______ (是) a students. 3. The cake ______ （品尝）delicious. 4. It _______ (听起来) good. 5. They______ （逗留，呆） at home. 6. Leaves_______（变） brown. 7. He ______ (保持) silent. am tasted sounds stayed turned kept Exercise 03 1. Match the sentences that share the same structures. Review: basic sentence structures 1. I saw a white-haired man. 2. I replied. 3. He gave me a smile. 4. I breathed deeply. 5. I looked at them in panic. 6. I was embarrassed. 7. His words made me a lot more relaxed! a He was friendly. b The exam made me quite nervous. c I passed him a book. d She agreed. e He wrote a long letter. f He talked loudly. g She looked after her sister patiently. Decide the sentence structures. I saw a white-haired man. I replied. He gave me a smile. I breathed deeply. I looked at them in panic. I was embarrassed. His words made me a lot more relaxed! 主+谓+宾 +宾补 主+谓+状 主+系+表 主+谓+宾+状 主+谓+间宾+直宾 主+谓 主+谓+宾 1.The big day finally arrived. 2. I had pictured it over and over again in my mind. 3. Challenges like this might sometimes put you under pressure. 4. The girl next to me gave me a nudge. 主+谓 主+谓+宾+状 主+谓+宾+宾补 主+谓+间宾+直宾 5. Everyone started laughing. 6. You’ll make the most of your time at senior high. 7. This was a good beginning to my new school life. 8. I woke up early. 主+谓+宾 主+谓+宾+状 主+系+表 主+谓+状 Story-telling: Look at the pictures and tell the story using basic sentence structures. eg. Tom was playing basketball happily. He knocked a phone off the table by accident… eg: The boy is playing basketball in the classroom. eg: The boy's ball drops onto Lisa's ipod and it falls onto the floor. eg: He is thinking how angry Lisa will be when she finds it is broken. What will happen? One morning, I walked into the classroom early while playing my basketball on my fingers. Suddenly the ball dropped onto Lisa's ipod and they both fell onto the floor. I picked up the ipod and found it didn't work."She will be angry if she knows it.What should I do?" I asked myself. Nobody was seein, so I could pretend that it had nothing to do with me. But soon I found it wrong to cheat. So when Lisa arrived, I apologized to her sincerely and promised that I would buy her a new one. However , to my surprise, she laughed and told me it had been broken for a week. We both laughed. School clubs Complete the posters with the correct form of the words in the box. 　　badminton　drama　band　debate　gym　piano　stage　photography　science　　 Badminton gym Drama stage piano band School clubs Complete the posters with the correct form of the words in the box. 　　badminton　drama　band　debate　gym　piano　stage　photography　science　　 Debate Science Photography Making a plan What benefit do students get from the after-school activities They not only help students gain more skills, but also teach them to care about others What problems do the the activities bring? They take up a lot of time. How to solve it? Students have to learn to organise their busy schedules and some senior high schools offer courses in time management. Listen to the conversation and decide what the speakers are mainly talking about. 1　The clubs they have joined and the activities they do after school. 2　The things they should do to manage their time well. 3　The challenges they face in their new school. Making a plan Listen again and complete the plan. 1. ________________ the things we’re going to do. 2. Record ________________ to do the activities. 3. Only ________________ at a time. 4. Do ________________ first. List the time（it takes） do one thing important things null Other 100050.93 $$