Unit 2 Making a difference（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（外研版2019）

学续写思路　背精彩范文(题材：亲情关系——孩子为妈妈做早餐) 写作思路：妈妈看到早餐时的感受和表情——孩子与妈妈的互动 精彩范文 (2021·新高考Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷) Paragraph 2： The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. When their mother saw the delicious and perfect breakfast in front of her, she was very surprised. It was not only the gift, but the love of the children for her that moved her very much. The two children could finish cooking a breakfast, which she didn’t expect①. The children said loudly, “Happy Mother’s Day！” Mother hugged them tightly and kissed them again and again. 微点透视 1.富有表现力的动词、名词、形容词或副词 delicious，perfect，surprised, moved, hug, tightly, kiss 2.精彩的人物惊讶激动情绪描写 very surprised，moved her very much，hugged them tightly，kissed them again and again 3.亮眼的高级句式 ①which引导非限制性定语从句，which用来指前面一件事情或者整句话。 佳句仿写 ①她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。 She was very patient towards the children，which her husband seldom was． ②这顿美味的饭菜温暖了她的心，她深深地感动了，紧紧地拥抱着他们，不想放手。 The delicious meal brought warmth to her heart, and she was so deeply moved that she hugged them tightly, never wanting to let go. 单词默写 根据汉语写单词并背诵 1．institution 　 n．机构，团体 2．royal adj.王室的，皇家的 3．insight n．顿悟，猛醒 4．aid v．帮助，援助 5．disease n．疾病，病 6．earn v．挣(钱) 7．military n．军队 8．cancer n．癌症 9．mission n．职责；使命 10．territory n．地区，地方 11．fountain n．喷水池 12．fund v.为……提供资金，资助 情境运用 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 1．He viewed his mission in life as protecting the weak from the evil. 2．The airport is being privately funded by a construction group. 3．Territory is land which is controlled by a particular country or ruler. 4．The bombing has been far more widespread than the military will admit. 5．If you earn money, you receive money in return for work that you do. 教考衔接 1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children... 2．(2021·浙江1月卷)“And on the left-hand side you should see a big fountain”—and there it was. 学生用书第117页 词形转换 第一组：动词变形 1．confirm v．证实，证明→confirmation n．证实，证明 2．treat v．治疗，对待→treatment n．治疗；疗法 3．hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n．犹豫 4．donate v．捐赠，捐献→donation n．捐赠，捐款→donator n．捐赠者 5．recycle v．再利用，回收利用→recyclable adj.可回收利用的；可再循环的 6．register v．登记，注册→registration n．登记，注册→registry n．注册；登记处；挂号处 7．relieve v．解除，减轻→relief n．减轻，缓解 8．assist v．援助→assistance n．帮助，援助→assistant n．助手 9．disable v．使残疾；使丧失能力→disabled adj.有残疾的，丧失能力的→disability n．残疾，残障 10．extend v．持续；延伸→extension n．延伸，拓展 11．achieve v．取得→achievement n．成绩，成就 12．certify v．证明→certification n．证明→certificate n．证书，证明书 13．contribute v．贡献→contribution n．贡献→contributor n．促成物；捐款者 第二组：名词和形容词变形 14．far adj.远的；多的→(比较级)further adj.更多的，附加的→(最高级) furthest adj.最远的 15．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的→generosity n．慷慨，大方→generously adv.慷慨地，大方地 16．effect n．效果→effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的 17．real adj.真实的→really adv.真正地；事实上地→reality n．真实，现实→realize v．实现 18．sense n．感官，感觉；意义→sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的→senseless adj.失去知觉的；无意义的 19．short adj.不足的，短缺的→shortage n．短缺，不足，缺乏→shorten v．(使)变短；缩短 20．major adj.重要的，主要的→majority n．大部分，大多数→majorly adv.非常地；极端地 21．drug n．药物，药材→druggist n．药剂师；药商→drugged adj.掺有麻醉药的；镇静剂作用下的 22．temporary adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的→temporarily adv.临时地 情境运用 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．The expert says the capsule is effective and has very few side effects on your body. (effect) 2．The donation from the millionaire is worthwhile our respect and he donates money to the Hope Project every year. (donate) 3．For a long time, mental disability is considered shameful and the mentally disabled persons also receive bad treatment. (disable) 4．Don’t hesitate to ask teachers for help and solve the problem without hesitation. (hesitate) 5．One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job. (major) 6．I hold the firm belief that you are bound to achieve your dream of being admitted to a key university, which will give you a wonderful sense of achievement. (achieve) 7．People had to treat themselves in their own way before they received the treatment sent by the government. (treat) 8．To my relief, the new medicine bought from Beijing helped relieve the pain of my brother’s injured leg. (relief) 教考衔接 1．(2023·浙江1月卷)The last day to cancel registration (register) and receive a full refund(退款) is June 15. 2．(2023·全国乙卷)Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements (achieve)... 3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Last year it recovered more than 807，500 pounds of food by taking donations (donate)... 4．(2020·天津卷)Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation (hesitate). 5．(2020·天津卷)It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily (temporary) disables a person. 学生用书第118页 规律总结 词尾为-ic的形容词加-ally 变副词 dramatic 剧烈的→dramatically 显著地 basic 基本的；根本的→basically 基本上；根本上 specific具体的→specifically 具体地 systematic 系统的→systematically系统地 automatic 自动的→automatically 自动地 enthusiastic 热情的→enthusiastically 热情地 scientific 科学的→scientifically 科学地 　　 短语词块 根据汉语写短语词块并背诵 1．turn out　　　　 结果；证明是 2．for the most part 大多数情况下；主要地 3．break into a smile 突然笑起来 4．with the aid of sb 在某人帮助之下 5．bring...to one’s attention 引起某人的关注 6．to one’s relief 令某人宽慰的是 7．cheer sb up 使某人振作起来 8．without hesitation 毫不迟疑 9．rise to one’s feet 站起身来 10．in reality 实际上，事实上 11．take in 收留，收容；欺骗 12．in danger 处于危险之中 13．come up with 提出 14．be sensitive to 对……敏感的 15．escape from 逃离 16．be beneficial to 对……有益 17．make a difference 有影响；有所作为 18．pass away 去世 19．make contributions to 为……做出贡献 20．take up 从事 情境运用 选用左栏短语词块的正确形式填空 1．To our joy, the English evening party held last week turned out a great success. 2．Without taking the trouble to rise to his feet, he just faced round to encounter Theseus. 3．I might not be able to change anything all by myself but we can make a difference if everybody thinks this way. 4．Much to our relief, our performance was fully appreciated by the audience, mostly college students. 5．The little girl saw her birthday presents and broke into a smile． 6．They have seen the change as unquestionably beneficial to the country. 7．I was amazed that he’d come up with such a great idea. 8．What is most important is this experience can help them escape from their own pain. 9．I was taken in by the salesman — the car turned out to be uneconomical and unreliable. 10．Her grandma passed away at the age of 95, making the woman very sad. 教考衔接 1．(2020·北京卷)In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. 2．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)She’s trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly. 3．(2020·江苏卷)Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that can have an effect on everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal life. 背教材原句 仿写作佳句 1.独立主格结构 These are among the 669 children, most of them Jewish, that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis. 我们学校大约有100名教师，他们中有一半是女性。 There are about 100 teachers in our school, half of them women． 2.on/upon＋名词/动词-ing形式 On leaving school, Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. 一到茶馆，外国学生就被独特的茶壶和茶杯吸引住了。 On arriving at the tea house, the foreign students were attracted by the unique pots and tea cups. 学生用书第119页 用所给单词的正确形式填空或者填入一个合适的词(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。 Xu Yuan was a 52-year-old Chinese volunteer in Ghana. It is 1.a relief to find the housing conditions in Ghana are not that bad. However, she confirmed that she once had to come up 2.with ways to plug holes in her roof to keep the rain out. Xu said，“3.In reality, I don’t really care about my living conditions. The only thing 4.that has made me uncomfortable has been the shortage 5.of hot water.”She regrets not bringing a kettle to Ghana to boil the water she needs. Some of the medicine she has brought with her 6.works (work) better with hot water. But any temporary discomfort is secondary to coming to 7.the aid of the needy, she believes. Xu enjoys her volunteer experience and considers she 8.has obtained (obtain)a good opportunity to drag herself out of her comfort zone and make 9.contributions (contribute) to the world.“One of my 10.missions (mission) in Africa is to be 11.of assistance to the disabled. I think many people will not hesitate 12.to make (make) a difference to those in need，” she said. Part 1　核心词汇·多维练透 relief n．减轻，缓解 单句语法填空/读后续写之情感描写 ①To our relief (relieve), the missing child returned home ten days later, exhausted but healthy. ②Relieved (relieve), she went home with a weight lifted off her heart. ③他们凝视彼此，心生宽慰。 Staring at each other, they felt a wave of relief flooded over them. [真题衔接]　④(2020·天津卷)I am relieved (relieve)to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think. (1)to one’s relief 令某人感到欣慰的是 (2)It is a relief to do sth 做某事是一种宽慰 (3)in/with relief 如释重负；松了口气 (4)relieve vt.缓解，减轻 relieve sb of...解除某人……方面的负担 hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫 单句语法填空/读后续写之情感描写 ①If you have any questions, don’t hesitate to ask (ask) me. ②She stood there, hesitating (hesitate) over whether or not to tell her husband the truth. ③我犹豫了一会儿，揣摩如何掩饰内心的尴尬。 I hesitated for a moment, wondering how to hide my inner embarrassment. [真题衔接]　④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)He hesitated (hesitate) and then said he had decided not to run. 学生用书第120页 (1)hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事 (2)hesitate about/over(doing) sth (做)某事犹豫不决 (3)hesitation n．犹豫 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事 assistance n．帮助，援助 单句语法填空/应用文写作之求助信 ①(2021·全国乙卷)I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals. ②With the assistance (assist) of their father, the twins managed to make tasty breakfast. ③我想知道你是否能帮助我选择合适的班会主题。 I’m wondering if you could assist me in choosing/to choose the suitable topics for the class meeting. [真题衔接]　④(2022·全国乙卷)That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting (assist) the crews’ efforts. (1)assist v．帮助 assist sb in doing sth ＝assist sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 (2)with the assistance of...在……的帮助下 (3)turn to sb for assistance向某人求助 aid v．帮助，援助 单句语法填空/应用文写作之学校生活描写 ①One of the staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his (he) aid. ②The lady was grateful that she was aided (aid) in looking after the children by her niece. ③在我们英语老师的帮助下，这学期我们取得了很大的进步。 With the aid of our English teacher, we have made great progress this term. [真题衔接]　④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid (aid) your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. (1)give/perform first aid 进行急救 (2)with the aid of...在……的帮助下 come to sb’s aid 帮助某人 (3)aid sb in doing sth/aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 take up 拿起；占据；开始从事；接受 单句语法填空/应用文写作之申请信 ①I could hardly take in what the teacher said in class, which made me in low spirits. ②I put the telephone down and took up my work again. ③我相信我能胜任一名志愿者的工作。 I am convinced that I am equal to taking up the position as a volunteer. [真题衔接]　④(2023·浙江1月卷)But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them. take up a position 担任；任职 take off脱下；起飞；事业腾飞；休假 take in吸收；理解；收留；欺骗 take over接管；接任 rise to one’s feet 站起身来 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①While playing basketball，the boy’s leg got injured，but he struggled to his feet. ②When visitors came in，he rose (rise) to his feet to show his politeness. ③音乐会结束时，观众站起身鼓掌欢呼。 At the end of the concert, the audience rose to their feet to applaud and cheer. 学生用书第121页 [中国元素]　Hearing the national anthem atop the Great Wall stretching into the horizon, we can’t help rising to our feet, proud of our shared cultural heritage. 在绵延万里的长城上，听到国歌，我们不禁站起来，为我们共同的文化遗产感到自豪。 help sb to one’s feet 帮助某人站起身来 jump/leap/spring to one’s feet 跳起来 struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 stand on one’s own feet 自立，经济上独立 make a difference 有作用或影响 单句语法填空/读后续写之主旨升华 ①It made no difference to me whether they pretended to have found out the truth or not. ②This long journey was believed to have made (make) a difference to his later life. ③(2022·浙江卷)小善举真能给他人带来积极的影响。 Small acts of kindness can really make a positive difference to others． [真题衔接]　④(2021·全国乙卷)But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? (1)make a/some/any/no/little difference (to...) (对……)有/有一些/没有/几乎没有作用或影响 (2)It makes a/no difference (to sb)＋wh-从句(对某人)有(无)影响/作用 Part 2　经典句式·写作迁移 句型公式：on/upon＋名词/动词-ing形式，意为“一……就……” 单句语法填空/读后续写之场面描写 ①On/Upon going out of the room, Jack heard his cellphone ringing. ②The instant/minute she saw the breakfast, the mother felt a wave of happiness welling up within her. ③看到我们的同学上台领奖，雷鸣般的掌声和激动的欢呼声充满了整个房间。 On seeing our classmate step onto the stage to receive an award. The thunderous clapping and excited cheers filled the room. [中国元素]　Upon hearing the melody of the guqin, one is transported to ancient China, immersed in the beauty and peace of traditional music. 听到古琴的旋律，人们仿佛置身于中国古代，沉浸在传统音乐的美妙与宁静中。 (1)upon/on ＋doing/名词“当……时；一……就……，在……的时候” (2)其他表示“一……就……”的结构有：as soon as；the instant/moment/minute；instantly/immediately/directly；no sooner...than...；hardly...when... Part 3　知识拾遗·查缺补漏 Ⅰ.单元词汇拾遗 短语背诵 earn one’s living 谋生 obtain access to得以进入 in reality 实际上 be sensitive to对……敏感 make contributions to为……做出贡献 语境运用 1．She is sensitive to criticism and easily gets upset. 2．In order to earn his living in a strange city, he had to work in a supermarket selling fruits. 3．It is our duty to make contributions to our motherland. 4．You need to obtain access to the building by swiping your ID card. 5．In reality, the situation is much more complicated than we thought. 学生用书第122页 Ⅱ.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington. (利用化学物质或反应) 处理 2．The same subject matter gets a very different treatment by Chris Wilson in his latest novel.处理 3．I don’t expect special treatment—I just want to be treated fairly. 对待，待遇 4．(2021·全国甲卷)According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5，500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered”status. 基金会 5．In the movie, he plays a concerned and sensitive father trying to bring up two teenage children on his own. 体贴的，善解人意的 6．She works in the office as a temporary. 临时工；临时雇员 Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练 [单元语料积累] 单元话题 作出贡献——介绍科学家钱学森 单元词汇 graduate, further, earn, insight, hesitate, deserve, achievement; make contributions to，be regarded as 经典句型 where引导定语从句；动词-ing形式短语作状语；同位语从句 [句子基础写作] 请根据汉语提示，使用上面所列本单元知识完成句子。 1．钱学森，1911年出生于上海，被誉为“中国航天之父”。 Qian Xuesen, born in Shanghai in 1911, was regarded as“the father of China’s aerospace”． 2．他热衷于科学。 He was keen on science． 3．他于1934年交通大学毕业后赴美深造，受到当时的著名科学家冯·卡门(Von Karman)的赞誉。 He was graduated from Jiaotong University in 1934, and he went to the United States for further study, where he was highly thought of by the famous scientist Von Karman at that time. 4．他在进修期间获航空、数学博士学位。 During his study, he earned his doctor’s degree in aerospace science and mathematics. 5．获悉中华人民共和国成立时，尽管美国政府试图阻止他，他还是毫不犹豫地回到了祖国。 When he heard that the People’s Republic of China had been founded, he didn’t hesitate to return to his motherland despite the fact that the US government tried to stop him. 6．他献身于航空航天科学研究工作，为中国的航天事业作出了巨大的贡献。 He was devoted to aerospace science and research and made great contributions to the cause of China’s aerospace. 7．由于他对祖国的热爱和伟大的成就，人们普遍认为他值得所有人的尊敬和钦佩。 It is widely acknowledged that he deserves everyone’s respect and admiration because of his love for the country and the great achievements． 学生用书第123页 [语段衔接成篇] 请运用恰当的过渡衔接词组织语段 Qian Xuesen, born in Shanghai in 1911, was regarded as“the father of China’s aerospace”．From an early age, he was keen on science. After graduation from Jiaotong University in 1934, he went to the United States for further study, where he was highly thought of by the famous scientist Von Karman at that time. During his study, he earned his doctor’s degree in aerospace science and mathematics. Hearing that the People’s Republic of China had been founded, he didn’t hesitate to return to his motherland despite the fact that the US government tried to stop him. He was devoted to aerospace science and research and made great contributions to the cause of China’s aerospace. It is widely acknowledged that he deserves everyone’s respect and admiration because of his love for the country and the great achievements. Ⅱ.读后续写微技能——人物饥饿、口渴状态描写 [素材积累巧背] 基础词汇 ①形容词：thirsty口渴的，hungry饥饿的，starving饥饿至极的，empty-stomached空腹的 ②名词：drought干旱，hunger饥饿，starvation饥饿，appetite食欲，malnutrition营养不良 必备词块 ①collapse on the ground due to the severe suffering from lack of water由于严重缺水倒在地上 ②suffer from both hunger and thirst饥渴交加 ③battle both hunger and thirst in their fight for survival在为生存而与饥渴作斗争 ④make their mouths water with both hunger and thirst饥渴使他们垂涎欲滴 ⑤feel an overwhelming combination of hunger and thirst感到饥渴难耐 ⑥feel both hungry and thirsty感觉又饿又渴 一、根据所给汉语完成句子 1．他知道，如果救援不尽快到来，他就会因为对水和食物的基本需求而被逼死。 He knew that if help didn’t arrive soon, he would be driven to death by his basic need for water and food． 2．饥渴吞噬了他的思想，压倒了他的感觉。 The hunger and thirst consumed his every thought, overpowering his senses. 3．每一步都觉得比上一步更沉重，饥饿使他想起了上次吃过一顿美味的饭的日子。 Each step felt heavier than the last, with hunger reminding him of the days since he last had a delicious meal. 4．疲惫的旅行者在炎热的沙漠中步履蹒跚，他的身体渴望补充水分和营养。 The tired traveler stumbled through the hot desert, his body longing for replenishing water and nutrition． 5．当太阳无情地照在他身上时，他甚至渴望一滴水，但却看不到一点儿绿色。 As the sun beat mercilessly down on him, he longed for even a drop of water, but there was no green in sight. 二、按照合适的逻辑关系将上面句子重新排序合并成语段 The tired traveler stumbled through the hot desert, his body longing for replenishing water and nutrition. Each step felt heavier than the last, with hunger reminding him of the days since he last had a delicious meal. As the sun beat mercilessly down on him, he longed for even a drop of water, but there was no green in sight. The hunger and thirst consumed his every thought, overpowering his senses. He knew that if help didn’t arrive soon, he would be driven to death by his basic need for water and food. 单元测评14　Unit 2　Making a difference (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) (本栏目内容在学生用书中以活页形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A (2024·青岛适应性检测) A six-year-old longing to keep a unicorn in her backyard figured she’d get the hard part out of the way first. Last November, Madeline wrote a letter to the Los Angeles County Department of Animal Care and Control with a straightforward request.“Dear LA County, I would like your approval if I can have a unicorn in my backyard if I can find one. Please send me a letter in response.” Director Mayeda replied two weeks later. The department does in fact license unicorns, she said, under certain conditions. Those include polishing the unicorn’s horn at least once a month with a soft cloth, feeding it watermelon at least once a week, covering it with only nontoxic and biodegradable sparkles and giving it regular access to sunlight, moonbeams and rainbows. And, because unicorns are indeed very rare to find, the department is also giving Madeline a toy unicorn to keep her company during her search, as a token of appreciation. “It is always rewarding to hear from young people who thoughtfully consider the requirements of providing a loving home for animals，” Mayeda wrote in the letter.“I like your sense of responsible pet ownership to seek permission in advance to keep a unicorn in Los Angeles County.” Mayeda told the Washington Post that this is the first time the department has received a request for a license for a unicorn or any mythical creature. They were impressed with the first-grader for wanting to ask permission in the first place, and doing her research to work out how to go about that. She and her colleagues deal with a lot of “life-and-death” issues on the job, whether that’s seeing cases of animal abuse or animals hurting people or making decisions about having to put down dangerous or sick animals. So Madeline’s letter has considerably brightened their spirits, and she is due to visit the department this week to discuss her unicorn license application. Safe to say, she’s in for a magical surprise. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了六岁的孩子Madeline写信给洛杉矶县动物保护与控制部门，希望获得许可养一只独角兽。 1．Why did Madeline write the letter? A．To apply to visit a unicorn. B．To learn to provide animal care. C．To ask permission to keep a pet. D．To figure out how to find a unicorn. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Last November, Madeline wrote... me a letter in response.”可知，Madeline写这封信是为了请求允许养宠物。故选C项。 2．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．Her application was disapproved. B．Requirements should be met for the license. C．She was presented with a live unicorn. D．Guidance was given for her search. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The department does in fact license unicorns, she said, under certain conditions.”可知，要获得许可应满足一些要求。故选B项。 3．Which of the following best describes Mayeda? A．Imaginative. B．Considerate. C．Flexible. D．Convincing. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“It is always rewarding... unicorn in Los Angeles County.”可推知，Mayeda很体贴考虑周到。故选B项。 4．Why does the department think the letter“has brightened their spirits”? A．Because it is the first application letter for a pet. B．Because animal protection is a life-and-death issue. C．Because they are worn out with their daily work. D．Because they are touched with the girl’s deeds. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They were impressed with the... how to go about that.”和“So Madeline’s letter... she’s in for a magical surprise.”可知，该部门认为这封信“振奋了他们的精神”，因为他们被女孩认真的行为感动了。故选D项。 B Sylvester James Gates is the current president of the American Physical Society. He appears in a number of documentaries, and is the receiver of countless awards. In looking back at his career, Gates credited MIT as his “intellectual birthing ground”．In fact, his path to MIT started at home. He still remembers that when he was a child, his father asked him and his three younger siblings a question: What college do you plan to attend? His father had spent his own childhood on a sugarcane farm, and then worked in the army for 27 years, never having had the opportunity to attend college himself. “But he had an iron faith that education was the way to make progress for our family，” Gates said. Gates first learned of MIT when he was 14.He was watching a television show, with a character who happened to be an MIT student. It left such an impression that Gates declared to his father that MIT was the college he wanted to attend. But as he recalled，“That dream almost never happened.” He spent his high school years in Florida. He and his friends started a chess team. When they visited other high schools for matches, he saw the quality of everything, from the facilities, to the desks, and even the books—especially the books—was better than those at his own school. This experience made him hesitate in applying to MIT.But his father, remembering Gates’ early declaration, insisted. When the acceptance letter came, it was his father who gave him the news, while sitting on the family’s rocking sofa.“He was energetically going back and forth, back and forth, and then he looked up and saw me, smiling the biggest smile，” Gates said.“And that was my introduction to MIT—that very personal welcoming from my father, who let me know that my dream could come true.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国物理学会现任主席Sylvester James Gates的成就以及教育对他的影响。 5．What do we know about Gates? A．He is president of MIT. B．He has got lots of honors. C．His path to MIT began on a farm. D．His service in the army lasted 27 years. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“... and is the receiver of countless awards.”可知，Gates 获得了无数奖项，也就是说，他获得了很多荣誉。故选B。 6．Which of the following can best describe Gates’s father? A．Insightful. B．Picky. C．Educated. D．Hesitant. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中Gates对父亲的评价“But he had an iron faith that education was the way to make progress for our family”可知，Gates的父亲有一个坚定的信念——教育是他们家庭进步的途径。由此可推知，Gates的父亲很有见地。故选A。 7．What made Gates apply to MIT? A．The iron faith in his high school career. B．Father’s insistence on his early dream. C．The experience of visiting high schools. D．His communication with an MIT student. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But his father, remembering Gates’ early declaration, insisted.”可知，Gates本来对是否申请麻省理工学院犹豫不决，但他的父亲想起了Gates早期的宣言，坚持要他去申请。由此可知，Gates决定申请麻省理工学院是因为父亲对Gates早年梦想的坚持。故选B。 8．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s never too late to learn. B．Knowledge makes one humble. C．Making mistakes is part of learning. D．Birth is much but education is more. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。通读文章可知，本文主要讲述了Gates的出身以及教育对他的影响。由此可推知，我们能从这篇文章中学到：出身很重要，但教育更重要。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) (2024·青岛高三一模) Devin Hinkston, 30, was driving through the town when he spotted a boy playing basketball in his driveway. When he got 　1　，he realized the boy was using a trash can as a basketball hoop. Hinkston decided to 　2　 that. “I always do random acts of 　3　．” Hinkston said.“For example, when I see a 　4　 person, I’ll buy him a jacket or food. I just never 　5　 about it on social media because that’s not the reason why I do it. I do it from the 　6　．” When Hinkston 　7　 the house with a basketball hoop as a gift, he was greeted by Patricia Williams and her 8-year-old grandson Jeremiah. Williams said Jeremiah loves 　8　 and plays it in the league in a local church. “This man was a complete 　9　，” Williams said.“I just started crying because I felt he was an angel.” Hinkston said he got 　10　 too.“Jeremiah was jumping for 　11　 and I was dropping tears，” Hinkston said.“It was special.” Hinkston said he has stayed in 　12　 with the family and plans to go back to the house to help them 　13　 the basketball hoop. His 　14　 dream, he said, is to fund a 　15　 gym for the kids in the community so they have activities to do after school. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Devin Hinkston 在开车路上看到一个男孩把垃圾桶当篮球筐用，于是喜欢做善事的他来到男孩家里，为他送去了篮球筐，男孩和家人为此都很感动和高兴。Hinkston 还想将来资助一家非营利性的体育馆让孩子们放学后可以去活动。 1．A．faster B．closer C．clearer D．sooner 答案：B 解析：根据句意，当他走近时，他发现那个男孩把垃圾桶当篮球筐用。closer“更近的”。故选B项。 2．A．make B．change C．find D．get 答案：B 解析：根据句意，Hinkston 决定改变这一情况。change“改变”。故选B项。 3．A．kindness B．happiness C．freedom D．surprise 答案：A 解析：结合后文Hinkston 举例说自己经常给无家可归的人买衣服和食物可知，他喜欢时不时做一些善举。kindness“善举”。故选A项。 4．A．lucky B．wealthy C．homeless D．careless 答案：C 解析：根据句意，当“我”看到一个无家可归的人，“我”会给他买一件夹克或食物。homeless“无家可归的”。故选C项。 5．A．think B．argue C．complain D．post 答案：D 解析：根据句意，“我”只是从来没有在社交媒体上发布过，因为那不是“我”这么做的原因。post“发布”。故选D项。 6．A．heart B．beginning C．benefit D．young 答案：A 解析：根据句意，“我”这样做是发自内心。heart“内心；心脏”。故选A项。 7．A．left B．passed by C．pulled up to D．built 答案：C 解析：根据后文“the house with a basketball hoop as a gift”可知，指带着篮球筐赶到男孩家里。故选C项。 8．A．sports B．athletes C．gift D．basketball 答案：D 解析：根据句意，Williams说，Jeremiah 热爱篮球，并在当地一家教堂的联盟里打篮球。故选D项。 9．A．helper B．supporter C．loser D．stranger 答案：D 解析：根据句意，Williams说：“这个人完全是个陌生人。” stranger“陌生人”。故选D项。 10．A．emotional B．lost C．hopeful D．crazy 答案：A 解析：根据句意，Hinkston 说他也被带动地情绪激动起来。emotional“情绪的”。故选A项。 11．A．joy B．shock C．fun D．wish 答案：A 解析：根据句意，Hinkston 说：“Jeremiah 高兴地跳了起来，我也流下了眼泪。” joy“快乐”。故选A项。 12．A．mood B．life C．touch D．tension 答案：C 解析：根据句意，Hinkston 说，他一直与这家人保持着联系，并计划回去帮助他们安装篮球筐。stay in touch with“与……保持联系”。故选C项。 13．A．buy B．fit C．prepare D．break 答案：B 解析：根据句意，此处指帮助他们安装篮球筐。故选B项。 14．A．unrealistic B．early C．standard D．ultimate 答案：D 解析：根据句意，他说他的终极梦想是为社区里的孩子们资助一家非营利性的体育馆，这样他们放学后就有活动可做。故选D项。 15．A．super B．non-profit C．splendid D．special 答案：B 解析：此处指为孩子们资助一家非营利的体育馆。故选B项。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题3分，共30分) (2024·青岛适应性检测) In Ningbo city, a young woman has made the bamboo product brand of her family’s company famous around the world, 1.________ (help)a fair number of bamboo farmers increase their income. Wang Xiaoqing, born in the 1990s, 2.________ (find) that in the US, Chinese bamboo products were popular among customers, 3.________ many of them carried foreign brands, despite China being the“kingdom of bamboos”．She decided to return to China and build a bamboo product brand after finishing her education abroad in 2013. In 2018，a bamboo table 4.________ (produce) by the company of Wang’s family shined at the first Global Bamboo Congress.“5.________ fascinates westerners is the Chinese bamboo culture and its long history. It provides a sound foundation for the global 6.________(expand) of China’s bamboo industry”，Wang said. Her company is 7.________ (current) engaged in the design, manufacturing and sales of bamboo products. It produces over 10 million bamboo products each year, 85 percent of which 8.________(sell) in the global market. Serving 9.________ vice president of the entrepreneurship promotion association for returned overseas students in Ningbo city, Wang plans to contribute more to rural vitalization.“I hope that we can turn villages into more beautiful places and make villagers get 10.________(rich)，” Wang said. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。宁波市一名年轻女子将其家族公司的竹制品销往世界，帮助相当多的竹农增加收入。 1．答案：helping 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处动词help充当句子结果状语，动词和逻辑主语a young woman之间是主动关系，应使用动词-ing形式。故填helping。 2．答案：found 解析：考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，根据下文“She decided to return to China”可知，表示过去发生的动作，应使用一般过去时。故填found。 3．答案：but 解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空格处缺少连词连接前后两个句子，表示转折，应使用连词but。故填but。 4．答案：produced 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处动词produce为后置定语修饰名词table且二者之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词形式。故填produced。 5．答案：What 解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处缺少主语从句关系词，主语从句缺少主语，表示“物”，应使用连接代词what，位于句首首字母大写。故填What。 6．答案：expansion 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处为介词for的宾语，应使用名词形式expansion，根据句意应使用单数形式。故填expansion。 7．答案：currently 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处用作状语修饰动词engaged，应使用副词形式。故填currently。 8．答案：are sold 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空格处为定语从句谓语部分，动词和主语是被动关系应使用被动语态，根据前文produces可知，应使用一般现在时的被动语态形式，先行词是products，为复数。故填are sold。 9．答案：as 解析：考查介词。分析句子结构可知，空格处构成固定短语serve as“作为”。故填as。 10．答案：richer 解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据前文“more beautiful places”可知，空格处为并列结构，此处应使用比较级。故填richer。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$