Unit 1 Knowing me, knowing you（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（外研版2019）

学续写思路　背精彩范文(题材：亲情——孩子为妈妈做早餐) 写作思路：孩子请求爸爸帮助——在爸爸的指导下做好早餐 精彩范文 (2021·新高考Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷) Paragraph 1： As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. The two children were very eager to ask for help①. Under the guidance of their father, they took positive actions and started all over again. They made the bread and then went on cooking porridge. Father helped them adjust the fire, which was the key to success. It was all right this time. Delicious breakfast was ready. How happy they were！ Paragraph 2： The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. (请根据首段提示尝试完成第二段续写，精彩范文见下一单元) 微点透视 1.富有表现力的动词、名词、形容词 eager，positive，ask for, help 2.精彩的动作行为描写 made the bread and then went on cooking porridge；helped them adjust the fire 3.亮眼的高级句式 ①be ＋形容词＋动词不定式。该结构用来描述“做某事是……样的”。 佳句仿写 ①急切希望去探索新的机会，她申请了不同行业的几个工作职位。 Eager to explore new opportunities, she applied for several job positions in different industries. ②他决定克服恐惧，以极大的决心继续面对每一个挑战。 He made a firm decision to overcome his fears, and with great determination, he went on to face every challenge head-on. 单词默写 根据汉语写单词并背诵 第一组：名词 1．boxing 　　　 n．拳击(运动) 2．lip n．(嘴)唇 3．latter n．后者 4．tear n．眼泪，泪水 5．duty n．职责，义务；责任 6．web n．蜘蛛网；错综复杂的事物 7．steam n．蒸汽，水蒸气 8．agony n．痛楚，苦难 学生用书第109页 9．fault 　　　　　　　 n．责任，过错 10．fence n．栅栏，围栏，篱笆 11．signal n．信号；暗号 第二组：其他 12．deceive v．欺骗 13．weave v．编，织 14．sink v．使(船)沉没 15．core adj.核心的(课程、团体等) 16．tangled adj.纠结的；复杂的 17．moreover adv.此外，而且 18．apart adv.分离，分开 情境运用 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 1．Do not be deceived by claims on food labels like “light” or “low fat”． 2．She saw that there was indeed a man immediately behind her.Moreover, he was observing her strangely. 3．They would spin and weave cloth, cook and attend to the domestic side of life. 4．When two people, things, or groups have just been mentioned, you can refer to the second of them as the latter． 5．Staff must report for duty at their normal place of work. 6．In a naval battle your aim is to sink the enemy’s ship. 教考衔接 1．(2022·全国乙卷)By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches... 2．(2022·全国乙卷)With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time. 3．(2020·北京卷)Over time, the bags fall apart into countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. 词形转换 第一组：动词变形 1．depend v．依靠→dependent adj.依靠的→(反义词)independent adj.独立的→independence n．独立 2．ensure v．确保，保证→sure adj.确定的 3．embarrass v．使尴尬→embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情→embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的 4．criticise v．批评，指责→critical adj.批评的；关键的→critically adv.严重地；很大程度上，极为重要地；令人担忧地→criticism n．批评；责备→critic n．批评家 5．annoy v．使恼怒；使生气→annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的→annoying adj.使恼怒的；使生气的→annoyance n．恼怒；生气 6．adjust v．适应，(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的→adjustment n．调整；调节 7．resolve v．解决(问题、困难)→resolution n．解决；决心 8．forgive v．原谅，宽恕→(过去式)forgave→(过去分词)forgiven→forgiveness n．原谅，宽恕 第二组：名词和形容词变形 9．accident n．意外事件，偶然因素→accidental adj.偶然的；意外的→accidentally adv.偶然地 10．strategy n．计谋，策略；行动计划→strategic adj.战略性的；战略上的 11．loose adj.控制不严的→loosely adv.宽松地→loosen v．变松；解开 学生用书第110页 12．just adj.公正的；正义的→justify v．证明(别人认为不合理的事)有道理；为……辩护→justice n．公平，公正 13．complex adj.复杂的；难懂的→complexity n．复杂性，错综复杂 14．breath n．一口气→breathe v．呼吸→breathless adj.上气不接下气的 15．frank adj.坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的→frankly adv.坦率地，坦诚地 情境运用 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．The desks and chairs are adjustable and people can adjust them to the height of the students. The adjustment is not difficult to make. (adjust) 2．My main criticism of the schedule is that it does nothing to help families on low incomes, so it has to be criticised. (critic) 3．You can choose to forgive someone who has hurt you even if he does not deserve or ask for forgiveness. (forgive) 4．What you did was embarrassing, making the guest very embarrassed and it also embarrassed me. (embarrass) 5．Since the country gained its independence, it has been independent of any powerful country. (independence) 6．Frankly(frank) speaking, at first I found it difficult to learn English pronunciation rules. 7．Yesterday, I climbed the mountain to breathe the fresh air. Although I became breathless when I was on the top, the breath of fresh air was worth it. (breath) 8．My brother’s talking with full food in his mouth annoyed me. I am annoyed with him about his annoying habit. (annoy) 教考衔接 1．(2023·全国甲卷)Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies，which would loosen (loose) legal protections and allow them to be hunted. 2．(2023·全国乙卷)In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally (accidental) or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. 3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)With over 2，500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic (strategy) locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. 规律总结 前缀over-表示“过度；在……之上” statement 陈述→overstatement n．夸大；夸张 weight 重量→overweight adj.超重的 look 看→overlook vt.俯瞰；忽视 load 装载→overload vt.超载 value 重视→overvalue vt.过于重视 work 工作→overwork vi.& n．过度工作 use 使用→overuse vt.& n．过度使用 eat 吃→overeat vi.吃得过量 短语词块 根据汉语写短语词块并背诵 1．loose lips sink ships 　　 祸从口出 2．find fault with sb 挑剔；找茬儿 3．by accident 偶然，意外地 4．take a breath 吸一口气 5．in a mess 杂乱；不整洁 6．let down 使失望，辜负 7．as soon as 一……就…… 8．tell apart 区分；辨别 9．in advance 提前 10．settle down 安顿下来 11．be crazy about 迷上，对……痴迷 12．take the lead 领先 13．look down on 瞧不起 14．be concerned about 关心；挂念 15．help out 帮一把 16．concentrate on 集中精力于，专心于 17．pull one’s weight 做好分内事，尽责 18．let off steam 发泄怒火，宣泄情绪 19．work out 进展(顺利)，圆满结束 20．adjust to 适应 情境运用 选用左栏短语词块的正确形式填空 1．If he made a promise to you, he never let you down． 2．A swimmer can’t swim under water very long, because he must take a breath． 3．Mother was worried about whether she could adjust to living in the mountainous village alone. 4．The program designed to help jobless people in need just didn’t work out as planned. 5．The best things are gotten by accident, often out of our expectation. 6．We each need to pull our weight by cleaning the dishes, taking out the garbage and paying the bills. 7．I knew that you were struggling, and I just wanted to help out． 8．I can’t tell apart the two cars from a distance, for they look really like the same. 教考衔接 (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)I promised to take care of Tiffy and call them as soon as we got to Kansas City. 学生用书第111页 背教材原句 仿写作佳句 1.形容词短语作状语 Embarrassed and ashamed, I can’t concentrate on anything. 由于他刻苦而且坚决，他很快取得了卓越的成绩，并一度成为热点人物。 Hard-working and determined, he quickly achieved remarkable results and at one point became a hit. 2.It＋be＋过去分词＋that... It is believed that EQ plays an even more important role than IQ (intelligence quotient) in people’s lives. 据说当他有困难时只有一位朋友向他伸出了援助之手。 It’s said that only one friend gave him a helping hand when he was in trouble. 用所给单词的正确形式填空或者填入一个合适的词(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。 I was responsible for a survey 1.concerning (concern)“self-discipline”．I found it hard for most of my classmates to concentrate 2.on the lessons. Some were crazy 3.about cellphone games；some justified 4.reading(read) network novels while others just didn’t adjust 5.to having lessons 6.independently (independent).7.To resolve (resolve) the problem, I asked my parents to help me 8.out．They didn’t let me 9.down and advised discussing with my classmates on how to discipline ourselves. After that, we came up with some 10.strategies (strategy) so that everything worked 11.out well. Three months later, I did a second survey, which showed a great improvement in self-discipline. Part 1　核心词汇·多维练透 sink v．使(船)沉没 单句语法填空/读后续写之情感描写 ①The moment his head hit the pillow, he sank (sink) into a deep sleep. ②If you have a sinking (sink) feeling, you suddenly become depressed or lose hope. ③她心情沉重，突然感到很悲伤，忍不住落下泪来。 Her heart sank．She felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t hold back her tears. [真题衔接]　④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写)Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking (sink) of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. 学生用书第112页 (1)sink to沉入；下沉 be sunk in 陷入…… (2)sink into/to/down/back颓然坐下/重重倒下 (3)one’s heart/spirits sink心情沉重；情绪低落 (4)sinking adj．(情绪突然)颓丧的，下沉的 signal n．信号；暗号 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①(2021·浙江1月卷)In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signaling (signal)：“Climb on me.” ②We signalled (signal) to the driver in the hope of stopping him before he fell into the river. ③我跑向汽车，拉住他的胳膊，示意他跟我走。 I ran up to the car, took him by the arm and signalled him to follow me． [中国元素]　The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, signalling the end of the Spring Festival celebrations. 农历正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。 (1)signal vt. & vi.标志着；标明；发信号 signal at sb 朝某人打手势 signal (to) sb to do sth 示意某人做某事 signal (to sb) that...示意(某人)…… (2)a signal (for sb) to do sth (某人)做某事的信号 concern n．忧虑，担心 单句语法填空/读后续写之心理描写 ①Concerned (concern)about your illness, we’d like to know how you are feeling now. ②As far as I am concerned(concern), online learning is convenient and time-saving, allowing us to learn anytime and anywhere we like. ③让我担心的是大卫是否能在摔倒后爬起来。 What concerned me was whether David could pick himself up after falling. [真题衔接]　④(2023·全国乙卷)Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate(有文字的)societies recorded their concerns (concern) not only in writing but in things. (1) concern vt.让……担忧；关心；涉及；关注 concern oneself with/about sth 关心/担心某事 be concerned about/for...关心/担心……　　 (2)concern vt.涉及；关注 be concerned with...与……有关；关注…… as far as sb/sth be concerned 就某人/某事而言　　 annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的 单句语法填空/读后续写之情感动作描写 ①I’m anxious to complain about the noise that is constantly annoying (annoy) me. ②(2021·北京卷)This means that resolving an argument can feel like you have reached a state of resolution—and you are less likely to be annoyed (annoy). ③孩子们弄出这么烦人的噪音，莎莉很生气，她恼怒地用拳头捶桌子。 Sally was annoyed at the children for making such annoying noise, pounding the table with her fist in annoyance. [真题衔接]　④(2023·全国甲卷)You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice，the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying (annoy) situations. (1)It annoys sb that/when/how...……令某人生气 (2)be annoyed by/about sth 因某事生气 be annoyed with/at sb 生某人的气 (3)annoy vt.使气恼 annoyance n．气恼，烦恼 adjust v．适应，(使)习惯 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①In this way, you may adjust yourself (you) to living in China soon. ②For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start adjusting/to adjust (adjust) your biological clock to the destination’s time. 学生用书第113页 ③我向这家人挥手告别后，调整了一下后视镜，然后慢慢地把车开出了停车场。 After waving goodbye to the family, I adjusted my mirror and then edged my car out of the parking place. [中国元素]　To fully embrace Chinese culture, it is essential to adjust to the concept of yin and yang, which represents the balance and harmony between opposing forces. 要全面理解中国文化，必须适应阴阳的概念，阴阳代表着对立力量之间的平衡与和谐。 (1)adjust to(doing) sth 适应(做)某事 (2)adjust oneself to...使自己适应…… (3)adjust... to... 调整……以适应…… (4)make an adjustment/adjustments to... 对……作出调整 tear n．眼泪，泪水 单句语法填空/读后续写之情感细节描写 ①She burst into tears (tear) at the sight of her mother, releasing all her pent-up emotions. ②He tore (tear) a page out of his notebook and handed it to her. ③想到那些贫穷、饥饿的孩子，我心如刀绞。一滴泪从我脸上滑落。 The thought of those poor, hungry children was tearing my heart out．A tear slid down my cheek. 【温馨提示】　tear作名词和作动词时发音不同，名词为/tɪə(r)/, 动词为/teə(r)/。类似的有wind作名词发音为/wind/，作动词发音为/waɪnd/。 (1)in tears 流着泪；含着泪 burst into tears 突然大哭起来 fight/hold back tears强忍住泪水 (2)tear vt.撕破 tear sth apart撕碎某物 tear sth down 推倒；拆毁(建筑物) tear sth up把(纸/布)撕碎 tear one’s heart out 使某人心如刀绞/伤心欲绝 Part 2　经典句式·写作迁移 句型公式：形容词(短语)作状语 单句语法填空/读后续写之情境心理描写 ①Curious (curiosity) about what the crowd in the shop was staring at, Harry edged his way inside and squeezed in. ②After the long journey, the girl finally got home, completely exhausted (exhaust). ③我又冷又饿，孤身一人，望着那凄凉的花园，思索着我在这里的未来。 Cold, hungry and alone, I looked at the miserable garden, wondering/thinking about my future here. [真题衔接]　④(2023·全国甲卷)Different ( difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. (1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句中或句末，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。 (2)形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态，即和主语常可构成系表关系。 (3)如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。 It＋be＋过去分词＋that... 单句语法填空/读后续写之情节描写 ①It is recognised that these stories can relieve our stress and expand our horizons. ②It is known (know) that there is a huge cultural difference between China and the western countries. ③大家都觉得我妈妈拍的视频很有趣，所以在网上发布后，我立刻被镇上的人认出来了。 It was thought that the video filmed by my mom was really amusing, so after it was posted online, I was instantly recognised or known in the town. 学生用书第114页 [真题衔接]　④(2023·全国乙卷)It is recently reported (最近据报道)that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. (1)sb/sth is thought/believed/hoped...to do sth，意为“某人/某物被认为/相信/希望……做某事”。其中，根据情况，不定式可用一般式(to do)、 进行式(to be doing)或完成式(to have done)。 (2)It is thought/believed/hoped that...大家认为/相信/希望…… It is reported/supposed that...据报道/推测…… It is well-known that...众所周知…… Part 3　知识拾遗·查缺补漏 Ⅰ.单元词汇拾遗 短语背诵 to what extent到何种程度 tear apart撕开，拆散 resolve to do sth决定做某事 on duty值班 communicate with与……沟通 语境运用 1．If you’re ready to forgive me, then nothing can tear us apart, I promise. 2．I resolved to adjust my previous plan independently because it cost too much time. 3．I can’t take any personal calls while I am on duty． 4．When we meet with some difficulties, we should communicate with our parents to ask for some advice. 5．To what extent does concern for others influence the choices you make？ Ⅱ.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．The nails in the wall had worked themselves loose. 松动的 2．Her hair was hanging loose to her shoulders. 松散的 3．Wear comfortable, loose clothing to your exercise class. 宽松的 4．When I made my major life decisions, I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn. 疾驰，飞跑 5．We’ve all known people who run out of steam before they reach life’s halfway mark. 动力 6．It signaled the closedown of the theater. 标志着 Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练 [单元语料积累] 单元话题 相互沟通了解——两名同学通过沟通解决问题 单元词汇 fault, resolve, concern, ensure, forgive, embarrassment, frank; help out, let down 经典句型 that/who引导定语从句；动词-ing形式短语作状语；that引导宾语从句；as引导状语从句 [句子基础写作] 请根据汉语提示，使用上面所列本单元知识完成句子。 1．弗兰克和艾米丽是亲密无间的同学。 Frank and Emily were classmates who had a strong bond． 2．一天，弗兰克犯了一个错误，给艾米丽造成了不少麻烦。 One day, Frank made a mistake that caused Emily a lot of trouble． 3．弗兰克感到尴尬，但他鼓起勇气要去解决这个问题。 Feeling embarrassed, Frank picked up the courage to resolve the issue. 4．他找到艾米丽，承认自己的错误，并表示诚挚的歉意。 He approached Emily, admitting his fault and expressing his sincere apologies. 学生用书第115页 5．艾米丽理解弗兰克，原谅了他，并安慰他说每个人都会犯错。 Emily, being understanding, forgave Frank and assured him that everyone makes mistakes. 6．她主动提出帮忙，他们一起寻找解决方案。 She offered to help out and together, they worked on finding a solution. 7．他们开诚布公的沟通确保了问题的解决。 Their open and frank communication ensured that the problem was resolved． 8．当他们学会互相支持，不让对方失望时，他们的友谊变得更加牢固。 Their friendship grew stronger as they learned to support each other and not let each other down． [语段衔接成篇] 请运用恰当的过渡衔接词组织语段 Frank and Emily were classmates who had a strong bond. One day, Frank made a mistake that caused Emily a lot of trouble. Feeling embarrassed, Frank picked up the courage to resolve the issue. Therefore, he approached Emily, admitting his fault and expressing his sincere apologies. Emily, being understanding, forgave Frank and assured him that everyone makes mistakes. And she also offered to help out and together, they worked on finding a solution. In the end, their open and frank communication ensured that the problem was resolved. Their friendship grew stronger as they learned to support each other and not let each other down. Ⅱ.读后续写微技能——人物健康状态描写 [素材积累巧背] 基础词汇 ①形容词：healthy健康的，fit身体健康的，strong强壮的，sound 健全的，unhealthy不健康的，frail脆弱的，weak 虚弱的 ②名词：well-being幸福感，fitness健身，wellness健康，strength体力，energy精力，recovery康复 必备词块 ①maintain a healthy lifestyle保持健康的生活方式 ②contribute to overall health and well-being 对整体健康和幸福感有益 ③in excellent health非常健康 ④help in early detection of any potential health issues 有助于早期发现潜在的健康问题 ⑤provide essential nutrients for good health提供良好健康所需的重要营养 ⑥not only improve physical health but also enhance mental well-being 不仅改善身体健康，还提高心理幸福感 一、根据所给汉语完成句子 1．随着时间的流逝，她的胃口越来越大，减掉的体重又回来了。 With each passing week, her appetite increased, and she regained the weight she had lost． 2．有了亲人的支持和治愈的决心，她知道自己正在恢复活力的道路上。 With the support of loved ones and a determination to heal, she knew that she was on the path to regaining her full vitality. 3．一天又一天，她恢复了体力，双颊开始恢复了红润。 Day by day, her strength returned, and the color started to reappear in her cheeks． 4．曾经脆弱的身体变得更强壮了，能量开始流回她的生活。 The once frail body grew stronger, and the energy started to flow back into her life. 5．缓慢而稳定地，她开始了她的康复之旅。 Slowly but steadily, she began her journey towards recovery. 6．随着她身体健康状况的改善，她的心理健康状况也有所改善。 As her physical health improved, so did her mental well-being． 二、按照合适的逻辑关系将上面句子重新排序合并成语段 Slowly but steadily, she began her journey towards recovery. Day by day, her strength returned, and the color started to reappear in her cheeks. With each passing week, her appetite increased, and she regained the weight she had lost. The once frail body grew stronger, and the energy started to flow back into her life. As her physical health improved, so did her mental well-being. With the support of loved ones and a determination to heal, she knew that she was on the path to regaining her full vitality. 单元测评13　Unit 1　Knowing me, knowing you (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) (本栏目内容在学生用书中以活页形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A (2024·河北石家庄高三质检) Throughout all the events in my life, one in particular sticks out more than the others. As I reflect on this significant event, a smile spreads across my face. As I think of Shanda, I feel loved and grateful. It was my twelfth year of dancing. I thought it would end up like any other year: stuck in emptiness, forgotten and without the belief of any teacher or friend that I really had the potential to achieve greatness. However, I met Shanda, a young, talented choreographer (编舞者).She influenced me to work to the best of my ability, pushed me to keep going when I wanted to give up, encouraged me and showed me the real importance of dancing. Throughout our hard work, not only did my ability to dance grow, but my friendship with Shanda grew as well. With the end of the year came our show time. As I walked to a backstage filled with other dancers, I hoped for a good performance that would prove my improvement. I waited anxiously for my turn. Finally, after what seemed like days, the loudspeaker announced my name. Butterflies filled my stomach as I took trembling steps onto the big lighted stage. But, with the determination to succeed and eagerness to live up to Shanda’s expectations for me, I began to dance. All my troubles and nerves went away as I danced my whole heart out. As I walked up to the judge to receive my first place shining, gold trophy(奖杯), I realized that dance is not about becoming the best. It was about loving dance for dance itself, a getaway from all my problems in the world. Shanda showed me that I could let everything go and just dance what I feel at that moment. After all the doubts that people had in me, I believed in myself and did not care what others thought. Thanks to Shanda, dance became more than a love of mine, but a passion. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在编舞者Shanda的帮助下，作者对于舞蹈的热情被唤醒了。 1．What did the author think her dancing would be for the twelfth year? A．A change for the better. B．A disappointment as before. C．A proof of her potential. D．A pride of her teachers and friends. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，在练舞蹈的第十二年，作者认为自己的舞蹈会和以前一样令人失望。故选B项。 2．How did Shanda help the author? A．By offering her financial help. B．By entering her in a competition. C．By coaching her for longer hours. D．By awakening her passion for dancing. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She influenced me to work to the best of my ability, pushed me to keep going when I wanted to give up, encouraged me and showed me the real importance of dancing.”以及文章最后一句“Thanks to Shanda, dance became more than a love of mine, but a passion.”可知，Shanda在作者想放弃时鼓励作者，向作者展示了舞蹈真正的重要性，唤醒了作者对于舞蹈的热情。故选D项。 3．How did the author feel when she stepped on the stage? A．Proud. B．Nervous. C．Scared. D．Relieved. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Butterflies filled my stomach as I took trembling steps onto the big lighted stage.”可知，当登上舞台时，作者感到紧张。故选B项。 4．What can we learn from the author’s story? A．Success lies in patience. B．Fame is a great thirst of the young. C．A good teacher matters. D．A youth is to be treated with respect. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知，在练舞蹈的第十二年，作者认为自己的舞蹈会和以前一样令人失望；根据最后一段中的“Thanks to Shanda, dance became more than a love of mine, but a passion.”可知，作者曾经对自己感到失望，但在编舞者Shanda的帮助和鼓励下，作者对于舞蹈的热情被唤醒了。由此可知，有一位好的老师是很重要的。故选C项。 B (2024·济南3月模拟) In conversations with strangers, people commonly tend to think they should speak less than half the conversation time to be likable. But we’ve discovered this idea is wrong. Our data shows that people tend to think they should speak about 45% of the time to be likable in a one-on-one conversation with someone new. However, it appears speaking up a bit more is actually a better strategy. In our research, we randomly assigned people to speak for 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% of the time in a conversation with someone new. We found that the more they spoke, the more they were liked by their new partners. This was only one study with 116 participants, but the outcome is supported by other researchers’ findings. For example, a previous study randomly assigned one in a pair to take on the role of“speaker” and the other to take on the role of“listener”. After engaging in 12-minute interactions, listeners liked speakers more than speakers liked listeners because listeners felt more similar to speakers than speakers did to listeners. This outcome suggests the reason people prefer those who speak up: Learning more about a new partner can make you feel like you have more in common with him or her. Further, we assigned people to speak for up to 70% and even 90% of the time. The result shows it is not an ideal strategy. Our research does not suggest people hold down a conversational partner but rather that they feel comfortable speaking up more than they usually might. Research like ours can help people gain a more reasonable understanding of social interactions with new people and become more confident about how to make a good first impression. It has the obvious benefit of allowing us to carefully control speaking time. However, it does not reflect more natural conversations. Future research should figure out whether our findings generalize to more natural interactions. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于如何与陌生人互动交往的研究。 5．What is the common belief concerning conversations with strangers? A．Speaking a little less is preferred. B．Speaking half the time is the best. C．Listeners are more likable than speakers. D．Listeners fail to control the conversations. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“In conversations with strangers... conversation time to be likable.”可知，关于与陌生人交谈的普遍看法是“少说一点是最好的”，故选A项。 6．How was the research carried out? A．By analyzing speaking habits. B．By making comparisons. C．By listing examples. D．By collecting data. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“In our research... liked by their new partners.”可知，研究是通过“比较说话时间”来实施的。故选B项。 7．What is the disadvantage of the research? A．The conversation time is limited. B．Further study is hard to continue. C．The findings are less widely applicable. D．Interactions with strangers are missing. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However, it does not reflect ... generalize to more natural interactions.”可知，这项研究的缺点是“这些发现的适用性不那么广泛”，故选C项。 8．In which situation can the research finding be applied? A．Attending a family gathering. B．Partying with your friends. C．Meeting a new teacher. D．Making a public speech. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一项关于如何与陌生人互动交往的研究，该研究发现可以应用于“与一位新老师初次见面”，其中new是关键词，故选C项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题5分，共25分) (2024·济宁高三一模) Psychologists have long believed that human beings have a fairly consistent“negativity bias(消极偏见)” that leads us to pay more attention to negative thoughts, feelings and events than to positive ones. 　1　 There is a positive explanation for the question. After all, we are motivated to grow after a misstep. However, we can’t abandon ourselves to the negativity bias forever. How? 　2　 Practice Positivity. Like your muscles, your thought patterns respond to how they are used and exercised. You don’t have to erase the negativity bias from your mind. 　3　 For example, set calendar reminders throughout your day to convey an expression of gratitude or simply adjust your body language so you’re holding yourself with strength and confidence. 　4　 We’re living in a time of pandemic or financial stress and deep division. Our negativity biases call our attention toward those realities. But we are well served to also see the opportunities in this moment: Maybe there’s a home project we otherwise wouldn’t have found time to tackle. Ask for Positive Reminders. Get in the habit of checking in with people who are with you when goodness finds you today. Mention to them，“That is an unexpected bit of praise from the boss, isn’t it？”　5　 And who knows, you may help your friend, family member or coworker have a more positive day as well! A．Try the following suggested ideas. B．Redefine negativity as an opportunity. C．Instead, practice your positive lifestyle. D．Its negative influence can never be avoided. E．Why and how does this phenomenon happen? F．How do you handle it as you try to live with more positivity? G．Asking others to confirm your positive insights can facilitate your positivity. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助人们走出消极偏见的方法。 1．答案：E 解析：上句提到了“消极偏见”这种消极的心理问题现象，下句又说这个问题有一个肯定的解释，可得出该空应与解释这种现象为什么和如何发生的信息有关，E选项“这种现象为什么会发生，又是如何发生的？”承接上下文符合语境。故选E项。 2．答案：A 解析：上文说人们不能永远沉浸在消极偏见中，下文讲走出消极偏见的一些建议，可得出该空的内容与提供建议有关，A选项“尝试以下建议。”承接上下文符合语境。故选A项。 3．答案：C 解析：由本段小标题“Practice Positivity.”和上句可知，作者建议读者在生活中去实践积极性，即以积极的态度去生活，所以无需消除你心中的消极偏见，只需在生活中不断实践积极的生活方式，C选项“相反，练习你积极的生活方式。”承接上文符合语境。故选C项。 4．答案：B 解析：此处需要归纳出小标题。由本段后文可知，即使我们的消极偏见要求我们关注那些消极的现实，但我们也要在消极中看到机遇，可得出本段主要讲在消极中找到机遇，B选项“将消极性重新定义为机遇。”符合语境。故选B项。 5．答案：G 解析：由本段小标题“Ask for Positive Reminders.”(索要积极的提醒。)和上句可知，在本段中作者建议读者要去向别人索要积极的提醒来摆脱消极偏见，如用反义疑问句“那是来自老板出乎意料的表扬，不是吗？”来肯定自己的积极性，G选项“让别人确认你的积极见解可以促进你的积极性。”承接上文符合语境。故选G项。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题3.5分，共35分) Gift giving has been a long tradition that dates back thousands of years as far back as man can remember. As human beings, we are social creatures who enjoy each other’s company and expressing 1.________ (we)feelings through the giving of gifts. The giving of gifts may be one of the oldest of human 2.________ (activity) that predates civilization and may date back 3.________ the origin of our species. Even in primitive cavemen culture, the giving of gifts was 4.________ (fair) common as it was used to show love and affection towards one another. The presenting of gifts was also inferred as a status symbol when leaders of tribes (部落) would show their 5.________ (appreciate) for the contributions of those who were part of an important achievement. Whether it was an unusually shaped rock, a tooth from an animal, the bark from a tree 6.________ some other items that were natural in origin, the giving of gifts had certainly been common behavior long before an advanced civilization came into being. Today, gift giving is spread across all cultures around the world. Gifts 7.________ (give) to family members, friends, those we work with and even neighbors who receive gifts of all different types. The psychology of 8.________ gift giving is so rewarding is simple: It allows people 9.________ (connect).Making connections with people around us gives us a sense of purpose and a feeling of satisfaction. This feeling is one that enlightens the soul and brings out the 10.________ (good) in us. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了送礼物的历史及意义。 1．答案：our 解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语，修饰后面的名词feelings，所以应用形容词性物主代词；we的形容词性物主代词为our。故填our。 2．答案：activities 解析：考查名词的单复数。“one of＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，此处应用名词的复数形式。故填activities。 3．答案：to 解析：考查介词。date back to为固定短语，表示“追溯到”。故填to。 4．答案：fairly 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中修饰形容词common，作状语，应用副词形式；fair的副词形式为fairly“相当地”。故填fairly。 5．答案：appreciation 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作show的宾语，应用名词形式；结合句意可知，此处指“对那些为重要成就做出贡献的人表示感谢”，appreciation意为“感谢”时为不可数名词。故填appreciation。 6．答案：or 解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空处后面的some other items that were natural in origin 与前面的an unusually shaped rock, a tooth from an animal, the bark from a tree为并列结构，故此处应用并列连词；再结合前面的Whether 可知，此处表示选择，故填or。 7．答案：are given 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。主语为gifts，与give 之间为动宾关系，所以句子应用被动语态；结合上下文时态可知，此处表示一般陈述，故该句应用一般现在时；主语gifts为复数形式，所以be动词应用are。故填are given。 8．答案：why 解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处位于介词of后，在句中引导一个宾语从句，从句中不缺主干成分；结合句意可知，此处表示“为什么送礼物如此有益”，空处在从句中作原因状语，应用why引导该从句。故填why。 9．答案：to connect/to be connected 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处应填所给词的非谓语形式。allow sb to do sth为固定搭配，表示“允许某人做某事”，空处应用动词不定式，故可填to connect。此外，根据常识可知，人与人之间的联系是双向的，此处也可以表示“被联系”，所以也可用to be connected。故填to connect/to be connected。 10．答案：best 解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据空处前面的定冠词the和后面的in 可知，此处指“我们最好的一面”，所以应用形容词的最高级。故填best。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$