Unit 1 A new start（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（外研版2019）

学续写思路　背精彩范文(题材：学校生活——学校写作比赛) 写作思路：被告知获得一等奖——被老师的情绪感染——我随后的表现——获得奖励和证书 精彩范文 (2023·新课标Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷) Paragraph 1： A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I still remember it was a Monday morning in spring, when my teacher called me to his office, telling me that I had taken first place in the writing contest, and that I was the only winner whose native language wasn’t English①.Dominated by an overwhelming sense of excitement and pride at his words ②，I simply stood there dumbfounded, and my feet, as if rooted to the ground③，couldn’t move a bit. The next day, I was presented with my award and a certificate at the ceremony. Paragraph 2： I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. (请根据首段提示尝试完成第二段续写，精彩范文见下一单元) 微点透视 1．富有表现力的动词、名词、形容词或副词： dominate, excitement, pride, overwhelming，simply　 2．精彩的心理描写： sense，dumbfounded, as if rooted to the ground, couldn’t move a bit 3．亮眼的高级句式： ①whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the only winner，定语从句是写作时扩展句子常用技巧之一。 ②过去分词短语作状语，彰显考生扎实的写作功底。 ③状语从句的省略，该省略形式需当从句主语和主句主语一致时方可使用，能增加状语从句表现形式，丰富句式结构。 佳句仿写 ①她是一位艺术家，我非常欣赏她的作品。 She’s an artist whose work I really admire． ②这个意外的消息使我不知所措，目瞪口呆，不知道该如何反应。 The unexpected news overwhelmed me, leaving me dumbfounded and unsure of how to react. ③当被问及这对他意味着什么时，这个人说这是一生一次的难得经历。 When asked what this meant to him, the man said it was an experience of a lifetime. 单词默写 根据汉语写单词并背诵 第一组：名词 1．sight n．看到，看见 2．author n．作者，作家 3．opportunity n．机会，时机 4．schedule n．计划表，进度表，日程表 5．stage n．舞台 6．poster n．海报 7．debate n．讨论，辩论 8．insect n．昆虫 9．dolphin n．海豚 10．rainbow n．彩虹 11．dinosaur n．恐龙 12．badminton n．羽毛球 13．facility n．设施 14．photography n．摄影 15．committee n．委员会 16．hint n．有益的建议 17．band n．乐队，乐团 18．campus n．校园 19．view n．(一次)观看 20．moment n．某一时刻 21．topic n．话题，论题 22．award n．奖，奖赏 23．panic n．惊恐，惊慌 第二组：其他 24．forward adv.向前 25．senior adj．(地位、水平或级别)高的，高级的 26．gain v．获得，赢得 27．figure v．认为，以为 28．struggle v．奋斗，拼搏 29．neat adj.好的，令人愉快的 30．rate v．对……作评估，评价 31．exchange v．交流(信息、想法等) 32．former adj.从前的 33．junior adj.低年级的 学生用书第6页 情境运用 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 1．We should keep struggling against the difficulty. 2．There are far more opportunities for young people than there used to be. 3．The university is highly rated for its research. 4．After ten days at sea，we had our first sight of land. 5．The senior people in an organization or profession have the highest and most important jobs. 6．I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as close to it as I am to my dogs. 7．Now his works have been adapted for films which have gained wide approval. 8．Something like panic overtook me in a flood. 9．I remembered seeing him somewhere before, but his name escaped me for the moment． 10．Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to cheer on her friends. 教考衔接 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. 2．(2023·全国甲卷)By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. 3．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)“And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. 4．(2023·浙江1月卷)Note：The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. 词形转换 第一组：动词变形 1．improve v．改善，改进→improvement n．改善，改进之处→improved adj.改良的 2．explore v．考察，探险→explorer n．探险家；浏览器→exploration n．探索 3．organise v．组织→organised adj.有组织的，有系统的→organisation n．组织→ organiser n．组织者 4．argue v．争论，争辩→argument n．争论，争辩 5．breathe v．呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.喘不过来气的 6．apply v．申请→application n．申请，申请书，应用→applicant n．申请人 7．graduate v．毕业→graduation n．毕业，毕业典礼 学生用书第7页 8．select v．挑选，选择→selection n．挑选，选择→selective adj.认真挑选的；选择的 第二组：名词变形 9．refer v．参考，查阅→reference n．参考 10．memorize v．记住，熟记→memory n．记忆，回忆→memorial adj.纪念的；n.纪念碑→memorable adj.难忘的，值得纪念的 11．impression n．印象，感想→impress vt.给某人留下印象→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的 12．tradition n．传统→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统上；习惯上 13．challenge n．挑战→challenging adj.具有挑战性的 14．pressure n．压力→press v．按压→pressing adj.紧迫的 15．description n．描述，描写，叙述，形容→describe v．描述，叙述→descriptive adj.描写的 16．volunteer n．志愿者，义务工作者，自愿参加者→voluntary adj.自愿的，自发的 17．journal n．日记，日志→journalist n．记者→journalism n．新闻业；报刊杂志 18．performance n．(工作或活动中的)表现→perform v．执行，表演→performer n．执行者，表演者 19．eagerness n．热切，渴望→eager adj.渴望的→eagerly adv.急切地；热心地 第三组：形容词变形 20．specific adj.具体的，特定的→specifically adv.明确地，具体地，专门地→specify v．明确指出，具体说明 21．confident adj.有信心的，自信的→confidence n．信心，信任 22．sharp adj.敏锐的，聪明的→sharpness n．锐利→sharpen v．使锋利；改善 23．intelligent adj.有智慧的，聪明的→intelligence n．聪明，智力 24．various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的→variety n．种类→vary v．变化 25．frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的→frighten v．使吃惊，惊吓→frightening adj.令人恐惧的 26．curious adj.好奇的→curiosity n．好奇心→curiously adv.好奇地 情境运用 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．After seeing the frightening film, the frightened boy was too frightened to walk home alone. (frightened) 2．Children are always curious about everything they see and hear. They often ask all kinds of questions curiously. To meet their curiosity, we’d better answer them patiently. (curious) 3．Humans or animals of high intelligence are always intelligent. (intelligent) 4．He gave her a confident smile and his confidence made her face the challenge bravely. (confident) 5．He argued against smoking, and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking is harmful to health. At last, he argued us out of smoking. (argue) 6．He joined the organisation last year and went on several organised trips with well-trained guides to the rainforest. (organise) 7．My brother，a graduate in physics, graduated from Peking University in 2023 and has been working in a famous company since graduation/graduating. (graduate) 8．All applicants who have applied for the job must hand in the application forms before next Monday. (apply) 9．So charming are the sights of Jiuzhaigou that they leave a deep impression on visitors from home and abroad. To tell you the truth, I am deeply impressed by its beautiful scenery. (impression) 10．The performance given by this performer who often performed in public was a great success. (performance) 11．The boy described the whole story vividly using many descriptive words in a passage, and as a result, he was highly praised by the teacher for his excellent description. (description) 教考衔接 1．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)In this “book of books，” artworks are selected (select) and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. 2．(2023·浙江1月卷)Conservation organizations (organize) put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms. 3．(2023·浙江1月卷)A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies (specific) a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. 4．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety (various), including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. 5．(2023·全国乙卷)It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional (tradition) diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. 6．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists (journal). 学生用书第8页 规律总结 -ise/ize多为及物动词后缀，转换名词后缀可能为-zation/sation (1)realize vt.实现；意识到→realization n．认识，领悟；实现 (2)centralize vt.集权控制，使集中→centralization n．集中化；中央集权管理 (3)globalize vt.使全球化→globalization n．全球化，趋同化　　 短语词块 根据汉语写短语词块并背诵 1．look forward to (兴奋地)期待，盼望 2．in particular 尤其，特别 3．refer to 参考，查阅 4．in panic 惊慌地 5．go all out 全力以赴，竭尽全力 6．one by one 依次地，一个接一个地 7．butterflies in one’s stomach 情绪紧张，心里发慌 8．make the most of 充分利用 9．make a/an...impression 留下……的印象 情境运用 选用左栏短语词块的正确形式填空 1．I am looking forward to your favorable reply at your earliest convenience. 2．Office workers fled the building all at once in panic after it caught fire. 3．One by one, the applicants left the interviewer’s office with disappointed looks on their faces. 4．That’s the sort of passion that will make an impression on employers. 教考衔接 1．(2023·浙江1月卷)In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. 2．(2023·全国乙卷)What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. 背教材原句 仿写作佳句 1．be doing...when... I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. 约翰正在房间学习，这时突然听到有人尖叫。 John was studying in his room when he heard someone screaming. 2．with复合结构 With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. 随着高考临近，同学们感受到很大压力。 With the College Entrance Examination drawing near, the students feel great pressure. 用所给单词的正确形式填空或者填入一个合适的词(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。 How time flies! We have spent three years together. Apart from laughter, every inch of the campus reminds me of the scenes where we 1.struggled/were struggling (struggle) previously to deal with 2.various (variety) challenges. So many unforgettable 3.moments (moment) are coming to my mind one by one, the first day at senior high 4.in particular. Time is a one-way trip—we cannot buy a return ticket. But 5.impressive (impression) memories will not fade with time, neither will your lovely faces. After 6.graduating/graduation (graduate), we will go to different colleges. I can not figure out what 7.pressure (press)we may face. However, I am 8.confident (confidence) about our excellent 9.performance (perform) in the college entrance exam and I hope that every one of us will go all out to get what we are looking forward 10.to． 学生用书第9页 Part 1　核心词汇·多维练透 impression n．印象，感想 单句语法填空/读后续写之主旨升华句 ①She always gives us the impression (impress) that she is very busy. ②“Antarctic left an impression on/upon me that no other place has.” Ginni says. ③妈妈经常让我牢记，努力总会有回报。 Mother has always impressed on me that hard work will pay off one day. [中国元素]　The richness and diversity of Chinese culture never fail to impress me, leaving a lasting impression of its unique traditions. 中国文化的丰富性和多样性从未让我不动心，其独特的传统风俗令人难忘。 (1)leave/make a(n)...impression on/upon sb 给某人留下……的印象 (2)impress sth on/upon sb ＝impress sb with sth 使某人牢记某事 (3)be impressed by/with...对……印象深刻 apply v．申请 单句语法填空/应用文写作之申请信 ①Apply some medicine to the wound and then bandage it immediately. ②It is believed that his ideas can be applied (apply) to daily life. ③如果您能在方便的时候考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。 I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into account at your convenience. [真题衔接]　④(2023·全国乙卷)There has been a rise in the number of students applying (apply) for food courses at UK universities and colleges. (1)apply vt. 涂；应用；运用 apply...to...把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上 (2)apply to...涉及……；适用于…… (3)apply(to...)for...(向……)申请…… (4)apply oneself to集中精力于 view n．(一次)观看 完成句子/读后续写之场景描写 ①He stood up to get a better view of (更好地看到)the blackboard. ②Join in a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments(观看一些最受欢迎的纪念碑) in Washington DC． ③从谷底看上去，群山壮丽。 These mountains are a splendid sight when viewed from the valley floor． [真题衔接]　④You can view these practices as (把这些做法视为)a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. (1)come into view进入视野；看得见 (2)in one’s view＝ from one’s point of view在某人看来 (3)have a good view of清楚看到 (4)view vt. 观看；看待 view...as...把……看作…… 学生用书第10页 calm adj.镇静的，沉着的 单句语法填空/读后续写之人物描写 ①The last thing I saw was Don’s face, looking calmly (calm) back at me. ②Dawn came, the sea calmed (calm) but the cold was as bitter as ever. ③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)谢天谢地，杰夫保持镇静，并迅速关掉了煤气。 Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly. [真题衔接]　④(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming (calm) effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. (1)keep/remain/stay calm 保持镇静 (2)calm v．使平静，使镇静 calm oneself 使某人自己平静下来 (3)calm down(使)平静；(使)安静 figure v．认为，以为 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①Today’s figures (figure), according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having... ②California is leading the way, as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring (figure) out the details. ③你真正应该做的是找出你考试不及格的原因。 What you really need to do is to figure out the reason why you fail in the exam. [真题衔接]　④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals? (1)figure v. 计算 figure out弄清楚；理解；计算出 (2)figure that...认为…… (3)have a good figure拥有好身材 struggle v．奋斗，拼搏 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①Having struggled (struggle) for many years, he was finally admitted to a key university. ②Freed from prison, he continued his struggle for freedom of his people. ③看到汤姆艰难地从轮椅上下来，她努力忍住眼泪。 Seeing Tom struggle out of his wheelchair, she struggled to hold back her tears. [真题衔接]　④(2023·浙江1月卷)Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired? (1)struggle to do sth 努力做某事；挣扎着做某事 (2)struggle with/against...同……搏斗；与……做斗争 (3)struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来 exchange v．交流(信息、想法等) 单句语法填空/读后续写之人物神态描写 ①I shook hands and exchanged (exchange) a few words with the manager. ②I’ve offered to paint the kitchen in exchange for a week’s accommodation. 学生用书第11页 ③大卫和我对视一眼，他的眼睛湿润了，好像在说“谢谢你”。 David exchanged glances with me, his eyes wet with tears as if saying “thank you”． [中国元素]　He has made great contributions in spreading Chinese culture and strengthening cultural exchanges around the world. 他在传播中国文化和加强世界文化交流方面作出了重大贡献。 (1)exchange...for...用……来交换…… (2)make an exchange进行交换 (3)in exchange for 交换 refer to 参考，查阅 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①People who work in offices are usually referred to as “white collar workers”． ②As the situation was unusual, he referred (refer) the matter to the editor. ③欲获得更多信息，你可以参考《重庆日报》官方网站。 For more information, you can refer to Chong-qing Daily’s official website. [真题衔接]　④(2023·全国乙卷)What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to? (1)refer to...as...把……称作…… (2)refer...to... 把……提交给…… (3)refer to a dictionary/map查词典/地图 look forward to (兴奋地)期待，盼望 单句语法填空/应用文写作之申请信 ①He looked forward to seeing (see) who was making a loud noise in the crowd. ②I’m looking forward to his/him (he) coming back as soon as possible. ③谢谢你的关照，我期待着能尽快收到你的回复。 Thanks for your kind consideration and I look forward to receiving your earliest reply． [中国元素]　I am looking forward to witnessing the grand Terracotta Warriors, where I will learn about the great historical significance they hold. 我期待着去参观兵马俑，在那里我将了解到他们所包含的伟大历史意义。 (1)look forward to sth/doing sth渴望(做)某事 (2)look forward to sb/one’s doing sth渴望某人做某事 Part 2　经典句式·写作迁移 句型公式：“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”复合结构作定语或状语 单句语法填空/读后续写之人物描写 ①I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting (set) in the west. ②With an important class meeting to attend (attend)，I can’t accompany you to the book store. 学生用书第12页 ③(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)With prize cup in one hand(一只手拿着奖杯) and award certificate in the other hand, I threw my eyes at my teacher, who gave me a thumbs up, with his eyes twinkling(他的双眼闪烁着) with pleasure and pride. [真题衔接]　④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)With over 2，500 bikes stored (由于存放着2 500多辆自行车)in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. (1)with＋名词/代词＋doing(表主动或正在进行的动作) (2)with＋名词/代词＋done(表被动或已完成的动作) (3)with＋名词/代词＋to do(表要发生的动作) (4)with＋名词/代词＋介词短语/形容词/副词(表宾语的性质或状态) 句型公式：be doing...when...正在做……，这时…… 单句语法填空/读后续写之场景描写 ①I was driving down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong way. ②She was thinking (think) about what to do next when her mother asked her to play the piano. ③(2023·浙江1月卷)我正要离开，这时蜂鸟出现了。 I was about to leave/was on the point of leaving when the hummingbird appeared. [真题衔接]　④(2023·浙江1月卷)I was standing by the car when(我正在车旁站着，这时) a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. (1)be about to do...when...正要做某事，这时…… (2)be on the point of doing...when...正要做……，这时…… Part 3　知识拾遗·查缺补漏 Ⅰ.单元词汇拾遗 短语背诵 argue with sb about sth 在……事情上和某人争辩 be curious about/to do sth 对(做)……好奇 a variety of 各种各样的 beyond description 无法形容 at the sight of 一看到 语境运用 1．It’s no use arguing with him about the question, for he won’t change his mind. 2．In high school，I became curious about the computer，and built my first website. 3．There will be a variety of activities to mark this unforgettable occasion. 4．The thrill of meeting my favourite writer in person is beyond description． 5．My eyes popped at the sight of the rich variety of food on show. Ⅱ.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. 一组实践活动 2．(2023·浙江1月卷)Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U．S.agricultural economy. 急剧的 3．(2023·浙江1月卷)There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about. 阶段 学生用书第13页 Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练 [单元语料积累] 单元话题 校园生活——如何适应新学校 单元词汇 senior, junior, figure, calm, confident, challenge；turn out, have trouble, make friends 经典句型 suggest that...; turn out that...; have trouble in doing [句子基础写作] 请根据汉语提示，使用上面所列本单元知识完成句子。 1．听说你在适应新的高中学校生活上遇到些困难。 I have heard that you are having some trouble in fitting into your new senior high school life． 2．你想念初中同学，但是我认为你能在高中交到新朋友。 You miss your friends from junior high school, but I figure that you can make new friends at senior high. 3．我建议你遇到困难时要保持自信，冷静地面对挑战。 I suggest that you stay confident and deal with your challenge calmly when in trouble. 4．事实会证明这些措施是有用的。 It will turn out that these measures are effective/useful. [语段衔接成篇] 请运用恰当的过渡衔接词组织语段 I have heard that you are having some trouble in fitting into your new senior high school life. To be honest, I know you miss your friends from junior high school, but I figure that you can make new friends at senior high. What’s more, I suggest that you stay confident and deal with your challenge calmly when in trouble. It will turn out that these measures are effective/useful. Ⅱ.读后续写微技能——句子写作和续写逻辑训练 一、按照要求根据所给汉语完成句子 1．那对双胞胎高兴起来，照吩咐做了。 The twins cheered up and did as they were told. (as引导状语从句) 2．看到他们垂下的眼睛，他叫他们打扫厨房，自己帮他们给妈妈做早餐。 Seeing their downcast eyes, he told them to clean up the kitchen while he helped them make breakfast for their mother. (动词-ing形式短语作状语) 3．他一眼就知道他们在干什么。 One look and he knew what they were up to. (what引导宾语从句) 二、根据合适的逻辑关系将上面句子重新排序合并成语段 One look and he knew what they were up to. Seeing their downcast eyes, he told them to clean up the kitchen while he helped them make breakfast for their mother. The twins cheered up and did as they were told． 单元测评1　Unit 1　A new start (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) (本栏目内容在学生用书中以活页形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共35分) A (2024·北京海淀区一模) If you’re interested in pushing yourself academically while experiencing college life, our Summer Programs for Pre-College students (SPP) can be ideal for you. In the programs, you will be able to make friends with fellow students, engage in social activities around the city and on campus, and experience pre-college summer study at one of the world’s top teaching and research universities. Our long-running summer term pre-college offerings include a choice of one-，two-，three-，and six-week programs that prepare you for success in college. With five exciting and challenging pre-college summer programs to choose from, you can earn college credit, discover a new subject area, perform cutting-edge research in university labs, or immerse yourself in hands-on learning. Academic life SPP invites you to join other highly motivated teens from 87 countries in our summer programs for high school students—and take the leap into college life and academics, which enables you to take on new academic challenges, explore a variety of interests and consider possible majors. You can take college courses alongside undergraduates either on campus or online. And you can also earn up to eight college credits by conducting in-depth STEM research with individual instructors or as part of a group project. Or, you can immerse yourself in a variety of stimulating noncredit seminars that blend lectures with experiential learning, discussions, and projects. Campus/Residence life Embracing college life is an exciting experience. Whether you live on campus or commute, you’ll get to know the ins and outs of college and city life. If you live on campus, you will stay in the residence hall, sharing a room and participating in dorm activities. There are typically two students per room and safety is our highest priority: residence halls have live-in university staff and 24-hour security. Resident program assistants provide guidance, coordinate and lead social activities, ranging from group activities that include comedy shows to field trips. Your hard work will be combined with social events and fun activities—and you’ll still have time for your own adventures on campus! Email the SPP office at sppoffice@mail. edu. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个暑期课程，它帮助大学预科学生为大学生活做好充分准备。 1．SPP aims to ________. A．help college students to achieve academic success B．provide admission guidelines for pre-college students C．get high school students well-prepared for college life D．encourage students to participate in hands-on learning 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Our long-running summer term pre-college offerings include a choice of one-，two-，three-，and six-week programs that prepare you for success in college.”可知，SPP的目标是让高中生为大学生活做好充分准备。故选C。 2．What are students supposed to do to earn the required credits? A．Carry out STEM research. B．Attend various seminars. C．Finish the courses online. D．Join in experiential learning. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据Academic life 部分的“And you can also earn up to eight college credits by conducting in-depth STEM research with individual instructors or as part of a group project.”可知，通过进行STEM 研究，学生可以获得所需的学分。故选A。 3．According to the passage, students living on campus ________. A．can organize social activities B．will have access to a single room C．are provided with good security D．are advised to direct comedy shows 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据Campus/Residence life 部分的“There are typically two students per room and safety is our highest priority: residence halls have live-in university staff and 24-hour security.”可知，每个房间通常住两名学生，且安全是首要任务，因此在学生宿舍楼里住有校方的工作人员和24小时的保安，所以住在校园里的学生有很好的安全保障。故选C。 B One Alabama school was extremely creative in encouraging students to read more and to help improve the school district’s literacy. They added an Inchy’s Bookworm Vending Machine(售货机)—an actual vending machine that allows students to add a special coin and get a brand new book. Sixth-grade reading teacher Kristy White said students have been inspired to earn coins so they can get a new book. Every classroom has coins, and students can earn them by improving their reading or math skills or exhibiting good behavior. Kristy said it only takes one coin to use the machine. Nice! What’s even nicer is there are books for all grade levels and students even make suggestions for titles they’d like to see available. Funding for the vending machine came from community support through donations and grants. Lucy Williamson was the first student to use the machine. The sixth-grader said she can see the growing excitement of her fellows and she looks forward to getting even more books.“This has some different books that the library doesn’t have and I’m able to keep the book longer because it’s mine so I have more time to read it，” Lucy said. She also shared that she rereads books often, so being able to choose a book that she can take home is a real plus. Beyond reading, the vending machine has also encouraged students to behave better. And when a student gets a coin, everyone celebrates the win.“The students are thrilled when they are the student who gets the coin that week or one of the students; they come down here and the students cheer for them，” Kristy said. We’re cheering for them, too! This is such a unique way to motivate students. Reading is so fundamental that it really serves as the foundation for all other learning. This vending machine is just one way to help students succeed. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亚拉巴马州的一所学校非常有创意地利用自动售货机来鼓励学生多读书。 4．What does the underlined word“literacy” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Communication skills. B．Professional knowledge. C．Academic performance. D．Reading and writing ability. 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的上文“One Alabama school was extremely creative in encouraging students to read more”可知，画线词所在部分与上文是并列关系，指“帮助提高学区(学生)的读写能力”，因此画线词的意思是“读写能力”。故选D。 5．What can we know about the vending machine? A．It charges students for the special coins. B．It encourages students’ positive growth. C．It turns a blind eye to students’ proposals. D．It aims to raise money for local community. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“One Alabama school was extremely creative in encouraging students to read more and to help improve the school district’s literacy.” 及第二段“Sixth-grade reading teacher Kristy White said students have been inspired to earn coins so they can get a new book. Every classroom has coins, and students can earn them by improving their reading or math skills or exhibiting good behavior.”可推知，这部自动售货机鼓励学生积极成长。故选B。 6．Why did Lucy commit herself to using the vending machine? A．To enrich her extra-curricular life. B．To escape from the school library. C．To enjoy selecting and rereading books. D．To gain respect and praise from her fellows. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This has some different books that the library doesn’t have and I’m able to keep the book longer because it’s mine so I have more time to read it...”和“She also shared that she rereads books often, so being able to choose a book that she can take home is a real plus.”可知，Lucy之所以要用自动售货机，是因为这台机器里有一些图书馆里没有的书，而且她有更多的时间和机会去阅读，她喜欢挑选和重读书籍。故选C。 7．Which is the suitable title for the text? A．Kristy White: a Creative Reading Teacher B．Lucy Williamson: a Model Pupil at School C．A Unique Way to Inspire Students to Read D．The Importance of Offering Reading Courses 答案：C 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容特别是最后一段的内容可知，文章介绍了一种激励学生阅读的独特方法，即利用自动售货机来鼓励学生多读书。因此C项“一个激励学生阅读的独特方法”是文章的最佳标题。故选C。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题6分，共30分) (2024·江苏南通调研) People have tried everything to get more sleep. But unlike almost every other area of life, effort is not rewarded. 　1　 The more you try, the less you are likely to succeed. Here are some ways to improve your sleep that might just work. 　2　 There is nothing you can do between now and bedtime to guarantee that you will sleep tonight. There is, however, plenty you can start doing to improve your chances of sleeping well next month. So instead of worrying about the night ahead, make sleeping well a long-term goal and expect to see progress in a few weeks rather than tomorrow. Have a late night. Adults need to be awake for at least 16 hours to generate enough sleep-drive to sleep for eight hours at night. Having an early night can mean you won’t be sleepy enough to fall asleep quickly and easily. Don’t pay too much attention to the exact times or the hours of sleep you are getting —the details don’t matter. And don’t take naps(小睡) in the day. 　3　 Smile more. Smiling can reduce tension and promote relaxation. As you turn the light out at night, try to think of something funny and smile to yourself in the dark. 　4　 Even a fake smile is enough to send a message to the brain to change your mood and retrain the brain to be comfortable with being awake, thus reducing tension and allowing sleep to follow. Stop reading articles about sleep. None of the researching, monitoring or analyzing actually leads to better sleep. In fact, constantly looking for a solution is undoubtedly making things worse. 　5　 Make this the last article you read on the subject, then go and find something more interesting to think about. A．Try to stay awake at night. B．In fact, it is actively punished. C．Give up trying to sleep tonight. D．So give sleep less of your attention. E．They take the edge off your appetite for sleep. F．It doesn’t have to be a genuine, heartfelt smile. G．You have to do things differently to get a different outcome. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些可以有效改善睡眠的方法。 1．答案：B 解析：根据前文“People have tried everything to get more sleep. But unlike almost every other area of life, effort is not rewarded.”可知，此处强调的是人们尽管通过各种方法改善睡眠，但这些方法并非总是有效的。根据后文“The more you try, the less you are likely to succeed.”可知，在睡眠方面，人们越是积极努力，成功的可能性就越小。故设空处应该强调的是，(人们)付出的种种努力没有得到回报，反而产生一些负面影响。B项“In fact, it is actively punished.”承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。 2．答案：C 解析：根据后文“There is nothing you can do between now and bedtime to guarantee that you will sleep tonight. There is, however, plenty you can start doing to improve your chances of sleeping well next month.”可知，此处强调不要只着眼于当下的睡眠，因为从现在到就寝时间，你所做的事情不一定能保证你能睡着。与其担心今晚的睡眠，不如为未来的睡眠进行积极的准备。C项“Give up trying to sleep tonight.”符合语境，故选C项。 3．答案：E 解析：根据前文“And don’t take naps(小睡) in the day.”可知，此处指出不要在白天进行小睡；后文应该指出在白天小睡的后果。E项“They take the edge off your appetite for sleep.”承接前文，指出在白天进行小睡会降低夜晚睡眠的欲望，也就是让人在晚上不易入睡。故选E项。 4．答案：F 解析：根据前文“Smiling can reduce tension and promote relaxation. As you turn the light out at night, try to think of something funny and smile to yourself in the dark.”可知，微笑可以缓解压力，有助于睡眠。根据后文的fake smile 可知，你的笑容可以不一定是真诚的，可以是装出来的。F项“It doesn’t have to be a genuine, heartfelt smile.”引出后文，符合语境。故选F项。 5．答案：D 解析：根据前文“In fact, constantly looking for a solution is undoubtedly making things worse.”可知，人们如果不断地寻求解决睡眠问题的方法，可能会起到反作用——自己更睡不着，因此设空处应该指出解决方法。D项“So give sleep less of your attention.”和整个段落的中心呼应。故选D项。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题3.5分，共35分) (2024·福建毕业班适应卷) Primary schools now attach great importance to labor education, advocating students to do activities such as cooking, making handicrafts 1.________ decorating houses. Xue Youmei, a Grade 3 student, spent the winter holiday in Guangxi. Everything about village life was novel to Xue who was used 2.________ urban life. Xue joined her family to work at a farm field planted with Chinese water chestnuts. Xue, 3.________ (wear) a pair of gloves, helped her father pick up water chestnuts at the field. For Yang Liqiao, a Grade 6 student, the past winter holiday gave her 4.________ new identity—garbage sorting guide. Yang wore a volunteer’s vest and recorded the situation of the garbage sorting work at her residential community. 5.________ (additional), Yang also invited her classmates to walk around the park nearby to pick up garbage on the ground. Yang’s father observed labor activities offered students a chance 6.________ (acquire) knowledge, which was not taught at class. At the same time, some schools in China also assigned specialized homework during the winter vacation to let students enjoy play-based learning. Some students 7.________ (ask) to cooperate with parents to decorate their homes with New Year 8.________ (painting).The task aimed to develop students’ 9.________ (innovation) thinking. And some were required to collect physics-related Chinese poems, make an 10.________(analyse) and draw a conclusion. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。中国的小学现在非常重视劳动教育，提倡学生进行烹饪、手工艺品制作、房屋装饰等活动。文章主要分享了几位小学生在寒假期间丰富的劳动经历。 1．答案：and 解析：考查连词。句意：现在的小学非常重视劳动教育，提倡学生进行烹饪、手工艺品制作、房屋装饰等活动。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入并列连词，表示“和；以及”。故填and。 2．答案：to 解析：考查介词。“be used to...”是固定短语，意为“习惯于……”。故填to。 3．答案：wearing 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词来作定语。主语Xue与动词wear是主谓关系，所以此处应用动词-ing形式。故填wearing。 4．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处指“一个”，表泛指，故用不定冠词。new的发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。 5．答案：Additionally 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子可知，空格处作状语，应用副词。additional的副词形式为additionally“此外”，且因其位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Additionally。 6．答案：to acquire 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处表示“……的机会”，应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词chance。故填to acquire。 7．答案：were asked 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空格处是谓语动词。根据上文assigned可知，此处应用一般过去时。主语Some students 与动词ask 是动宾关系，所以此处应用被动语态，且主语为复数，be动词也应用复数形式。故填were asked。 8．答案：paintings 解析：考查名词的单复数。根据句中的their homes 可知，空格处应填入名词的复数形式。故填paintings。 9．答案：innovative 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入形容词来作定语，修饰名词thinking。 故填innovative。 10．答案：analysis 解析：考查词性转换。根据句中的make an 可知，空处作宾语，应用名词。故填analysis。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$