Unit 2 Sports And Fitness（配套课件PPT）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（北师大版2019）

Unit 2 Sports And Fitness 必修　第一册 内容索引 典题体验　品读美篇　　 知识速记　词汇句型　　 基础排查　稳固根基　　 核心突破　强化能力　　 真题在线　教考衔接　　 情境迁移　写作微练　　 单元测评　 典题体验 品读美篇 返回 学应用文写作思路·背精彩范文 (体裁：报道　话题：越野赛跑) 　　(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1.参加人员；2.跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下；3.活动反响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式作答。 典例呈现 A Cross-Country Running Race Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race，which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school. The students selected from every class took part in the competition. The route measured five kilometers，from our school gate to the foot of Nanshan Mountain.Every runner tried their best to finish the task，with their classmates along the way giving them necessary help as well as encouragement. At last，all the runners managed to reach the finish line，receiving cheers from all the directions. The activity was highly spoken of，because not only did it provide chance for us to exercise，but also made us more cohesive. 精彩范文在线 ①witness vt. 见证，目击 ②draw the attention of 吸引了……的注意力 ③measure vt. 有……长(或宽、高等) ④cheer n． 欢呼 ⑤from all the directions 来自各个方向 ⑥be highly spoken of 受到高度的评价 ⑦cohesive adj. 团结的，有凝聚力的 词汇学习记忆 ①The students selected from every class took part in the competition.(过去分词作定语) 仿写 这座建于18世纪的宫殿每年吸引成千上万的游客。 The palace ______________________ attracts thousands of tourists every year. ②Every runner tried their best to finish the task，with their classmates along the way giving them necessary help as well as encouragement.(with复合结构) 仿写 有那个善良的女孩带领我们，我们毫不费劲地找到了图书馆。 ____________________________，we had no difficulty finding the library. 返回 句型迁移运用 built in the 18th century With the kind girl leading us 知识速记 词汇句型 返回 夯基础 一、重点单词分类 核心单词 1．_________ n. 运动员 2．_______ vi. 骑自行车 3．______ n. 日常饮食 4．_______ n. 楼梯；梯级 5．________ prep. 在……之内 6．________ vt. (在比赛、战争中)战胜，打败 7．_________ n. 公司；一群人 8．__________ n. 冠军，第一名 9．________ n. 渴望 athlete cycle diet stair within defeat company champion desire 10._______ vi.&vt. 猛撞 11.______ n. 绷带，敷布；包，包裹 vi.&vt. 把……包起来 12.______ prep. 到……上，向……上 13._______ adj. 额外的，另外的 14.______ vi.&vt. 鼓掌，拍手 15.______ n. 腰带，皮带 16.__________ n. 观众；听众 17.______ vi.&vt. 咬 18.______ vi.&vt. 停止(做某事) 19._________ adv. 半途地 crash pack onto extra clap belt audience bite quit halfway 20.________ n. 系统 21.________ adj. 一周一次的，每周的 22._________ n. 疾病 23._______ adj. 较上的，上面的 24.______ vi. 流，流动 n. 流动 25.___________ n. 指导方针，指导原则 26._______ vi.&vt. 点击(鼠标) system weekly disease upper flow guideline click 27.___________ n. 原则，基本的观念 28.________ n. 肌肉 29.______ n. 骨头，骨 30._______ n. 汗水 31._______ n. 奖牌；勋章 32._________ n. 姿态；手势；姿势 principle muscle bone sweat medal gesture 拓展单词 1．___________ n． 发生的频率，发生率 →__________ adj. 经常发生的，频繁的 →____________ adv. 频繁地，经常 2．________ vt. 更喜欢 →____________ n． 偏爱；偏爱的事物 3．__________ adj. 均衡的 →_________ n． 均衡，平衡 vt.(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 4．___________ adv. 经常；定期地 →_________ adj. 频繁的；有规律的 frequency frequent frequently prefer preference balanced balance regularly regular 5．___________n．激励，鼓舞；给人以灵感的人/物；灵感 →_________ vt.鼓励，激励 →_________ adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的 6．____________ n．替换的人(物) →_________ vt.代替；取代 7．________ vi.&vt.聚集，聚合 →___________ n．聚集，聚会；收集，采集 →__________ n．收集者，采集者 8．_________ adv.严厉地，毫不客气地 →_______ adj.尖锐的，锋利的；急剧的，明显的；灵敏的；强烈的 →_________ vt.(使)变得锋利；使明朗；(使)提高，改善 inspiration inspire inspiring replacement replace gather gathering gatherer sharply sharp sharpen 9．________ n．力量，活力 →___________ adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的 10．_______ n．人群 → _________ adj.拥挤的 11．______ vt.赢得；博得 →__________ n．薪水；工资；收入 12．______________ n．通告，公告 →__________ vt.宣布，宣告 13．_________ n．防守队员，后卫 →________ vi.&vt.保护，保卫 →___________ adj.防御的；保护的；戒备的；自卫的，防守的 energy energetic crowd crowded earn earning announcement announce defence defend defensive 14．________ vt. 使(某人)想起，提醒 →__________ n． 引起回忆的事物，提醒人的事物；通知单 15．__________ vt. 禁止 →_____________ n． (尤指通过法律的)禁止，阻止；禁令，禁律 16．________ adj. 一年一度的，每年的 →__________ adv. 一年一次地 17．_____________ n． 申请书 →_______ vt.&vi. 申请；应用；涂；适用 →___________ n． 申请人 18．________ vt. 占用，占去(时间) →____________ n． 工作，职业；消遣；侵占，占领期；使用 →__________ adj. 被占领的；忙于；有人使用(或居住)的 remind reminder prohibit prohibition annual annually application apply applicant occupy occupation occupied 19．________________ n． 失望；扫兴；沮丧 →____________ vt. 使失望 →______________ adj. 失望的，沮丧的 →_______________ adj. 令人失望的 20．___________ adv. 惊人地，了不起地 →_________ adj. 令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的 →_______ vt. 使吃惊 →________ adj. 大为惊奇的，惊讶的 →___________ n． 惊讶 21．_________ vt. 减轻，缓解 →________ n． 减轻，缓解 →__________ adj. 感到宽慰的，放心的，开心的 disappointment disappoint disappointed disappointing amazingly amazing amaze amazed amazement relieve relief relieved 22．____________ vi.&vt.(使)强健 →__________ n． 体力，力气；优势，优点；长处 →________ adj. 强壮的；强大的；强烈的；坚决的 →__________ adv. 强烈地；坚固地；强有力地 23.____________ n． 尤其，特别 adj.特定的 →______________ adv. 特别；尤其 24．_________ n． 好处，益处 →____________ adj. 有益的，有用的 25．___________ n． 设备，装备 →_______ vt. 配备；使有能力 strengthen strength strong strongly particular particularly benefit beneficial equipment equip 26．_________ adj. 能干的；能力强的 →__________ n． 领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量，容积；生产量 27．_________ vt. 预防；阻止，阻挡 →____________ n． 预防；防止；防范 →_____________ adj. 可预防的；可阻止的 28．________ n． 细节 →__________ adj. 详细的，细致的 29．____________ adj. 可完成的；做得成的 →________ vt. 实现；完成；(凭长期努力)达到(某目标、地位、 标准) →_____________ n． 成就，成绩；达到，完成 capable capacity prevent prevention preventable detail detailed achievable achieve achievement 30．____________ n． 满足，满意 →_________ v． 使满意，使满足 →___________ adj. 满意的，满足的 →____________ adj. 令人高兴的，令人满意的 31．__________ n． 回答，答复 →_________ vi.&vt. 回答，回应；作出反应，响应 32．__________ n． 灵活性 →__________ adj. 灵活的，可变动的；柔韧的 satisfaction satisfy satisfied satisfying response respond flexibility flexible 阅读单词 1．badminton n. ________ 2．golf n. ________ 3．gymnastics n. ______ 4．jog vi.&n. ______ 5．bowling n. ________ 6．skateboard n. ______ vi. ____________ 7．track n. ______ 8．net n. ____________________ 9．court n. __________________ 羽毛球 高尔夫 体操 慢跑 保龄球 滑板 用滑板滑行 跑道 (网球等的)球网；网 (网球等的)球场 10．underdog n. ________________________ 11．guy n. ____________________ 12．shot n. __________________ 13．bench n. ____________ 14．boxing n. ____________ 15．bounce vi.&vt. ____________________ 16．case n. ________________________ 17．warm-up n. ____________________ 18．tip n. __________________ 19．immune adj. ____________________ 20．awkward adj. ____________ 处于劣势的人(队)；弱方 (非正式)男人，家伙 投球，击球；机会 替补队员席 拳击(运动) (使)弹起，(使)反弹 状况，场合；事例，实例 热身运动，准备活动 建议，忠告，窍门 免疫的；有免疫力的 令人尴尬的 21．membership n. __________ 22．oxygen n. ____ 23．ache n. ______ 24．amount n. ____________ 25．shortcut n. ____________ 26．overnight adv. ______________ 27．overdo vt. ________________ 28．sight n. ______ 29．cyclist n. __________________________ 30．overtake vt. ______ 31．sportsmanship n. __________ 32．bronze n. ____ 会员身份 氧 隐痛 数量，数额 捷径，近路 突然，一下子 把……做得过火 视野 骑自行车者，自行车运动员 超过 体育精神 铜 23 抓落实 二、必备短语分组 汉译英 1．_________ 取得成功；奏效 2．______________ 跟上，保持同步 3．_________ 以防万一 4．_________ 报名 5．__________ (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来 6．_______________ 尤其，特别 7．_______________ 有能力做 8．___________ 确保 9．_______________________ 利用某物 pay off keep up with in case sign up cheer up in particular be capable of make sure take advantage of sth 10．rather than ________ 11．in good/bad shape ____________________ 12．try out for sth ______________ 13．crash into ____________ 14．gather around ______ 15．not...anymore __________ 16．let sb down ________________________________ 17．immune system __________ 18．be fed up with ______________________________ 英译汉 而不是 健康状况良好/不佳 参加……选拔 猛撞，猛击 聚集 不再…… 使失望，辜负(别人的信任或期望) 免疫系统 厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的 积佳句 三、经典句式默背 句型公式 1.not only...but also...句型 One's health and wellness are dependent _______________________________ ______________． 人的健全，不但靠饮食，尤靠运动。 2．动词-ing形式(短语)作状语 The team gathered around, ________________． 球队围在我身边，看起来很担心。 not only on diet，but also on sport and exercise looking worried 3．否定前移 ______________________ anymore, coach... 教练，我想我不能再比赛了…… 4． makes your heart stronger make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 It ______________________ and allows more blood to flow around your body. 它使你的心脏更强壮，并加速血液流动。 5．if引导的状语从句的省略 __________ , the younger members of the species are more physically active. 如果被单独剩下，该物种的年轻成员会更活跃。 I don't think I can play makes your heart stronger If left alone He made shot after shot, and the crowd couldn't stop clapping and cheering. 他的进球一个接一个，人群不停地鼓掌欢呼。 单元美句 返回 基础排查 稳固根基 返回 Ⅰ.单词拼写(每空1分，共10分) 1．The doctor advised that we should have a balanced ______ (日常饮食)and get into the good habit of getting up early. 2．Unfortunately，he fell down the ________ (楼梯)and hurt his ankle，which forced him to withdraw from the competition. 3．(2023·全国甲卷)Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 _______ (额外的)minutes before going for that cake. 4．(2023·全国乙卷)To become the Olympic __________ (冠军)in the individual all-around event，Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she knew best. diet stairs extra champion 5．In June，the State Council issued a __________ (指导方针)on accelerating the construction of digital governance. 6．The development path and social ________ (系统)chosen by the people of each country should be respected. 7．If I take a __________ (近路)，I can walk to school for only five minutes. 8．It took me a long time to thread my way through the _______ (人群). 9．The courageous army fought bravely to ________ (打败)the invading forces and protect their homeland. 10．At the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics，the Chinese team won a total of 15 ________ (奖牌). guideline system shortcut crowd defeat medals Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．With people and wildlife sharing crowded spaces and limited resources，human-wildlife conflict is rising in (frequent). 2．A (balance) diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy both physically and mentally. 3．When failing in exams，we should reflect on our weak points rather than drown ourselves in sorrow or (disappointed). 4．(2020·北京卷)Positive thinking has several (benefit) effects on the body and the mind. frequency balanced disappointment beneficial 5．Deep in its northern dense forest，there is an (amazing) beautiful lake. 6．China's success in eradicating poverty is an (inspire) for the developing world. 7．“You've known the truth.But why didn't you tell me anything about it？” Tom said (sharp). 8．I feel a great sense of personal (satisfied) when I do my job well. 9．Give me time to collect my thoughts，and I will work out a (detail) plan. 10．Breathing a sigh of (relieve)，Caroline looked at the bird，which was still peacefully sleeping in the box as if nothing had happened. amazingly inspiration sharply satisfaction detailed relief Ⅲ.短语填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) ☞点击选用短语填空 1．A truck went out of control and ______________ the back of a bus，which caused two passengers seriously injured. 2．You can _____________ a sports team in your new school，such as volleyball，tennis，lawn bowling，or whatever interests you. 3．Sandra was determined to become a doctor when she was young and her persistence and efforts __________． 4．You'd better set off earlier，_________ some unusual conditions，such as a traffic jam，will cause you to miss the appointed time. 5．He _____________ living in the noisy city so he decided to move to a small village. crashed into try out for paid off in case was fed up with in good shape，try out for，crash into，be fed up with，pay off，keep up with，take advantage of，in case，in particular，rather than 6．A cultural relic is a treasure belonging to all peoples ___________ belonging to any individual. 7．I will ___________________ this precious opportunity to improve my English and broaden my horizons. 8．We should equip ourselves with more knowledge to ____________ the pace of society. 9．Despite his age，he is still _______________ and can run long distances. 10．The company offers various employee benefits，but the flexible work schedule，_______________，is highly valued by the staff. rather than take advantage of keep up with in good shape in particular ☞点击选用短语填空 in good shape，try out for，crash into，be fed up with，pay off，keep up with，take advantage of，in case，in particular，rather than Ⅳ.经典句式仿写(每小题2分，共10分) 1．保护濒危动物对于人类来说不仅是重要的而且是必要的。(not only...but also...句型) Protecting endangered animals is __________________________________ for human beings. 2．感到孤独和无助，女孩痛哭起来。(动词-ing形式短语作状语) __________________________，the girl cried bitterly. not only important but also necessary Feeling lonely and helpless 3．我认为你没有意识到这对她有多么重要。(否定转移) ______________________ how important this is to her. 4．他傲慢的态度使得我们所有的人非常生气。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语) His arrogant attitude _______________________． 5．过马路时要注意汽车。(状语从句的省略) Look out for cars _______________________． 返回 I don't think you realize made all of us very angry when crossing the street 核心突破 强化能力 返回 (1)prefer to do/doing sth 更喜欢做某事 prefer sb to do sth 宁愿某人做某事 prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth ＝prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿(做)某事……也不愿(做)某事 (2)have a preference for 喜好……，偏爱……　　 巧归纳 1 prefer vt.更喜欢(派生词：preference n．偏爱；爱好) 核心词汇•多维练透 Part 1 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Nowadays，more and more elderly people prefer ____________________ (spend) their time traveling abroad or around the country. ②In general，the old prefer classical music and Peking Opera ____ pop music. ③Nowadays many children prefer surfing the Internet at home to ________ (take) exercise outdoors. ④(2021·天津卷)Kids with _________ (prefer) for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. to spend/spending to taking preference ⑤我更喜欢和朋友们一起度过时间，而不是独自待在家里，因为这给我带来了快乐。 a．I _________________________________________________ as it brings me joy.(prefer…to…) b．I ___________________________________________________ as it brings me joy.(prefer to…rather than…) 名师点津　prefer既不用于进行时态，也不用于比较级。其过去式和过去分词形式均为：preferred。 中国元素 I prefer exploring the diverse regional cuisines of China，such as Cantonese，Sichuan，and Shanghainese，each offering unique flavors.我更喜欢探索中国多样化的地方菜系，比如广东菜、川菜和上海菜，每种菜系都具有独特的风味。 prefer spending time with friends to staying at home alone prefer to spend time with friends rather than stay at home alone 2 (1)have a desire to do sth 渴望做某事 have a desire for sth 渴望得到某物 (2)desire v. 渴望 desire sth 渴望某事/物 desire (sb) to do sth 渴望(某人)做某事 desire that... 渴望……(从句谓语要用虚拟语气，即 “should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。)　 巧归纳 desire n．渴望 单句语法填空/应用文写作之申请信 ①Mark has a deep desire _____ knowledge，which is why he spends most of his free time reading books. ②Parents desire their children _________ (have) a well-rounded education，encouraging them to pursue both academic excellence and explore their interests in extracurricular activities. ③It is desired that all the exercises _________________ (hand) in before school was over. ④得知将举办一场国画展，我写信表达我想成为一名志愿者的愿望。 Knowing that a Chinese painting exhibition will be held，I'm writing __________ ________________________． for to have (should)be handed my desire to be a volunteer to express 中国元素 I have always had a strong desire to learn the art of tai chi，as it is not only a form of exercise but also deeply rooted in Chinese traditional culture and philosophy.我一直渴望学习太极拳，因为它不仅是一种锻炼方式，而且深深植根于中国传统文化和哲学。 3 crowd n．人群(派生词：crowded adj.拥挤的) (1)a crowd of 一群；一伙；一堆 crowds of 成群的……；许多…… (2)crowd v. 涌上(心上)；涌入(脑海) crowd into 涌入 crowd in on sb (指想法等)大量涌现 (3) be crowded with... 挤满了……　　 巧归纳 单句语法填空/读后续写之回忆往事 ①Wherever the film star goes，there are ________ (crowd) of people waiting to see her. ②As industry developed，more and more people crowded ______ cities from the countryside. ③The bus was so _________ (crowd) that I had to stand all the way to school. ④During holidays and weekends，hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded ______ tourists. ⑤每当我看到这些照片，许多美好的回忆就涌上心头。 Whenever I see the pictures，many happy memories _______________． 名师点津 crowd还可用作动词，意为“挤满；使拥挤”。 crowds into crowded with crowd in on me remind vt.使(某人)想起，提醒(派生词：reminder n．引起回忆的事 物，提醒人的事物，通知单) 4 (1)remind sb (not) to do sth 提醒某人(不)做某事 (2)remind sb of sth 使某人想起……　　 巧归纳 单句语法填空/读后续写之回忆往事 ①You'd better remind your grandfather ________ (take) his medicine，in case he forgets. ②If you hadn't reminded me ____ the homework，I would certainly have forgotten it. ③The exhibition is a __________ (remind) for us not to forget the past. ④这件礼物让我想起了在百货公司无意中听到的一段对话。 The gift ____________________________ I'd overheard at a department store. to take of reminder reminded me of a conversation 名师点津　和“remind sb of sth”结构相似的还有：accuse sb of sth“控告某人某事”；warn sb of sth“警告某人某事”；convince sb of sth“使某人相信某事”。 真题衔接 ⑤(2023·全国甲卷)那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。 Those tomatoes had a taste that ________________ the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. reminded me of occupy vt.占用，占去(时间)[派生词：①occupied adj.被占领的；忙 于；有人使用(或居住)的　②occupation n．侵占，占领；(土地、房 屋、建筑等的)使用，居住；工作，职业] 5 (1)occupy oneself in doing sth/with sth 忙着做某事/忙于某事 (2) be occupied (in) doing sth/with sth 忙着做某事/忙于某事　　 巧归纳 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①China has become the world's second-largest economy，________ (occupy) an important position on the global stage. ②___________ (occupy) in looking after her children，she can't spare any time to have a holiday. ③He would have attended your birthday party but he had occupied himself ______ a very important experiment. occupying Occupied with ④She is occupied in looking after three children at home，so she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club. →__________________________________________________，she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.(动词-ing形式短语作状语) →__________________________________________she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.(动词-ed形式短语作状语) Occupying herself in looking after three children at home Occupied in looking after three children at home， 名师点津　表示“忙于做某事”的短语还有：①be engaged in doing sth　②be busy (in) doing sth/with sth ③be buried in doing sth 中国元素 The concept of harmony，which is deeply rooted in Chinese traditional culture，occupies a central role in various aspects of society.和谐观念深深植根于中国传统文化，在社会的各个方面都发挥着核心作用。 relieve vt.减轻，缓解(派生词：①relief n．减轻，缓解　②relieved adj.感到宽慰的，放心的，开心的) 6 (1)relieve sb of sth 解除某人的(负担、责任、职 务等) (2)to one's relief＝to the relief of sb 令某人感到欣慰的是 (3)be relieved to do sth 做某事感到很宽慰/放心/开心　　 巧归纳 单句语法填空/应用文写作之感谢信 ①Domestic robots are of great help to housewives because they can relieve them ____ household chores. ②Much to the mother's ________ (relieve)，her son was eventually admitted to a key university. ③All her family members and relatives were __________ (relieve) to hear that she was out of danger. ④你的善良和乐于助人真的减轻了我的巨大负担，我非常感谢你。 Your kindness and willingness to help truly relieved me of________________ a great burden，and I cannot thank you enough. of relief relieved relieved me of 中国元素 Chinese acupuncture，a traditional medical practice，is believed to stimulate specific points on the body to relieve pain.中国针灸是一种传统医学，被认为可以刺激身体上的特定穴位来缓解疼痛。 particular n．尤其，特别 adj.特定的(派生词：particularly adv.特 别，尤其) 7 (1)in particular 尤其，特别 (2)be particular about/over 对……过于讲究/挑剔　　 巧归纳 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①It was a good concert—I enjoyed the last song ____ particular. ②The restaurant is popular with the local people，______________ (particular) among young people. ③我建议你对你的吃穿不要太挑剔；多注意你的学习和工作。 I suggest that you _________________________________ what you eat and wear；pay more attention to your study and work. 中国元素 Preserving and passing on traditional crafts is of particular importance in maintaining our cultural identity.保护和传承传统工艺对保持我们的文化特征尤为重要。 in particularly shouldn't be too particular about/over benefit n．好处，益处(派生词：beneficial adj.有利的；有益的；受 益的) 8 (1)benefit sb/sth 使某人/物受益 benefit from/by... 从……中受益/获益 (2)for the benefit of ＝for one's benefit 为了……的利益 be of benefit to 有益于……；对……有好处 (3)be beneficial to... 有益于；对……有好处　　 巧归纳 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①As we know，books are the source of knowledge and we can benefit a great deal __________ reading. ②It is said that Yoga is of great benefit ____ health，so you can try it. ③China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals _____ the benefit of all its citizens. ④Several studies have shown that listening to music can be highly __________ (benefit). ⑤天天做运动对健康非常有益处。 a.Doing exercise every day __________________ health.(beneficial) b.Doing exercise every day ___________________ health.(benefit) from/by to for beneficial is very beneficial to is of great benefit to 中国元素 Facts have shown that a more open China has benefited not only the 1.4 billion people of China，but also the people around the world.事实表明，一个更加开放的中国不仅造福于14亿中国人民，也造福于世界人民。 capable adj.能干的；能力强的(派生词：capacity n．能力，才能) 9 (1)be capable of (doing) sth＝be able to do sth 有(做)某事的能力 (2)have capacity to do sth/for sth 有(做)某事的能力 in one's capacity as＝in the capacity of 作为……；以……资 格、身份或职位　　 巧归纳 单句语法填空/同义句转换 ①The mission made China the fifth country capable ____ building and launching its own carrier rocket to reach Earth's orbit. ②I firmly believe you have the capacity _______ (create) your own happiness. ③In order to adapt to the development of the times，human beings must have the capacity _____ life-long learning. ④I believe she can take care of herself. →I believe she ______________________ care of herself.(capacity) →I believe she ____________________ care of herself.(capable) →I believe she ______________ care of herself.(able) of to create for has the capacity to take is capable of taking is able to take prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡(派生词：①prevention n．预防；防 止；防范　②preventable adj.可以预防的；可以阻止的) 10 (1)prevent/stop sb(from) (doing) sth 阻止某人(做)某事(在被动结构 中，介词from不可省略) (2)keep sb from (doing) sth 阻止某人(做)某事　　 巧归纳 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①(2021·天津卷)This will prevent you from _________ (get) lost in the first few days of classes，and familiarize you with how long it takes to get from place to place. ②The situation in that country should _____________ (prevent) from becoming worse and worse. ③Most of the mistakes in his test paper are _____________ (prevent)if he is more careful. ④The loud noise outside kept me ______ concentrating on my work. getting be prevented preventable from ⑤Wearing seat belts is an important safety measure for the ____________ (prevent) of injuries in car accidents. ⑥定期反思过去的错误，以防止你自己重复它们，这是明智之举。 It is wise if you can regularly reflect on your past mistakes _______________ ___________________． 名师点津　表示“阻止某人(做)某事”时，prevent/stop sb (from) (doing) sth中的介词from可以省略，但keep sb from (doing) sth中的from不能省略。在被动结构中，以上短语中的from均不可省略。 prevention (from) repeating them to prevent yourself 真题衔接 ⑦(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)大卫患有脑部疾病，无法像其他孩子一样走路或跑步，但在学校里，他的同学们认为他是一个正常的孩子。 David had a brain disease which __________________________________ like other children，but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. prevented him from walking or running satisfaction n．满足，满意(派生词：①satisfy vt.使满意，使满足　 ②satisfied adj.满意的，满足的　③satisfying adj.令人满意的) 11 (1)to sb's satisfaction 令某人满意的是 with satisfaction 满意地，心满意足地 (2)satisfy sb with sth 使某人满足于某事 (3)be satisfied with 对……感到满意　　 巧归纳 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①To my ___________ (satisfy)，the hotel room was clean，comfortable，and had a beautiful view of the city. ②In order to satisfy our customers ______ high quality service，we are inviting an expert to train our workers. ③If you are not satisfied _____ your purchase，we will give you a full refund. ④After a long day of hiking，taking a refreshing shower and getting a good night's sleep was incredibly ____________ (satisfy). ⑤妈妈抚摸着汤姆的头发，满意地笑了。 Stroking Tom's hair，Mom _______________________． satisfaction with with satisfying smiled with satisfaction 中国元素 China will further advance the integration of elderly and medical care services to increase satisfaction of its growing elderly population.中国将进一步推进养老和医疗服务一体化，以提高不断增长的老年人口的满意度。 amazed adj.大为惊奇的，惊讶的(派生词：①amaze v．使吃惊　 ②amazement n．惊讶　③amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的　 ④amazingly adv.惊人地，了不起地) 12 (1)be amazed at/by 对……很惊奇 be amazed to find/learn/see... 惊奇的发现/了解到/看到…… (2)(much) to one's amazement 令某人(非常)惊讶的是 in amazement 惊讶地　　 巧归纳 单句语法填空/读后续写之情感描写 ①Visitors are amazed _________ (find) that great changes have taken place in China in the past thirty years. ②I was amazed ________ the breathtaking beauty of the Grand Canyon when I saw it for the first time. ③(2022·全国甲卷)From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises，the whole experience was _________ (amaze). ④Much to his ___________ (amaze)，he found that no two snowflakes were exactly the same shape. ⑤他惊讶地看着我，似乎没有认出我来。 He _______________________，and it seemed that he hadn't recognized me. to find at/by amazing amazement looked at me in amazement 中国元素 Having visited several times over the last 10 years，I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new，and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while constantly growing.在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。 response n．回答，答复(派生词：respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应) 13 (1)make a/no response to 对……做出回复/不回复 in response to 为了响应……；作为对……的回答 (2) respond to 对……做出回复/回答　　 巧归纳 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①The company made a immediate _________ (respond) to the customer's complaint，offering a sincere apology. ②She responded ____ his email within a few hours，expressing her gratitude for his message and providing the information he requested. ③为了响应祖国的号召，许多毕业生自愿到农村工作。 a．_______________ the call of motherland，a lot of graduates volunteer to work in the rural area.(response) b．________________ the call of motherland，a lot of graduates volunteer to work in the rural area.(respond) 真题衔接 ④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media，but it probably won't result in a useful __________(答复). response to In response to To respond to response not only...but also...句型 (1)not only...but also... 句型，意为“不仅……而且……”，用 于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强 调后者，其中的also有时可以省略； (2)not only...but also... 连接的两个成分作主语时，谓语动词要遵 循“就近一致”原则。即谓语动词和最近 的主语保持一致； (3)not only...but also... 连接两个句子且not only置于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，但but also 后的句子不倒装。　 巧归纳 1 经典句式•写作迁移 Part 2 教材原句　One's health and wellness are dependent not only on diet，but also on sport and exercise.一个人的健康不仅依赖饮食，还有运动和锻炼。 写作迁移——微写作 ①一个微笑不仅能使我们快乐，也能使别人感到高兴。 Not only _____________________，but also it enables others to feel delighted. ②智能手机不仅占用了我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的健康造成了极大的危害。 Smartphones not only take up our valuable time，________________________ ________． ③(2022·全国甲卷)海洋不仅为我们提供了充足的食物，而且保持了自然的平衡。 Not only _________________ sufficient food，but also it maintains the balance of nature. can a smile make us happy but also do great harm to our health does ocean offer us 否定前移 否定前移是指把对宾语从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词上，它必须同时满足三个条件： (1)主语是第一人称I或we； (2)主句谓语是一般现在时； (3)谓语动词应是think，believe，suppose，guess，expect，imagine等。 巧归纳 2 教材原句　I don't think I can play anymore，coach.教练，我想我不能再比赛了。 写作迁移——微写作 ①我认为他不会操作这台新机器。 _______________________________ the new machine. ②我们觉得他不会来的。 We don't think he ___________． ③我想你没遇见汤姆，对吗？ I don't think you've met Tom，____________? 名师点津　否定前移的宾语从句，在变成反意疑问句时，反意疑问句的主谓语要与从句一致。 I don't think (that)he can operate will come have you Ⅰ.单元词汇拾遗 1．frequency n．发生的频率，发生率→frequent adj.经常发生的，频繁的→frequently adv.频繁地，经常 对点微练——单句语法填空 ①The ___________ (frequent) of earthquakes in that region has increased significantly in recent years. ②(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)His father ____________ (frequent) amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. 知识拾遗•查缺补漏 Part 3 frequency frequently 2．prohibit vt. 禁止→prohibition n．(尤指通过法律的)禁止，阻止；禁 令，禁律 对点微练——单句语法填空 ①Digging and other works along the line are carried out during the day only，and construction _______________ (prohibit) at night so as not to disturb animals. ②The local government prohibits boats ______ entering this area in order to keep the dolphins safe. ③The _____________ (prohibit) against drunken driving has saved millions of lives in the past ten years. is prohibited from prohibition 3．disappointment n. 失望，扫兴；沮丧→disappoint vt.使人失望 →disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的 对点微练——单句语法填空 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)As the twins looked around them in ________________ (disappoint)，their father appeared. ②They were ______________ (disappoint) when their vacation got canceled due to bad weather. ③It was a _______________ (disappoint) result for the team，as they had high hopes of winning the championship. disappointment disappointed disappointing 4．detail n．细节→detailed adj.详细的，详尽的 对点微练——单句语法填空 ①Please visit our website to get more _________ (detail) of our products. ②Thankfully，after I explained my plan to them ____ detail，they said yes. ③He gave me __________ (detail) instructions on how to get there. details in detailed A．vi.骑自行车　B．n.周期　C．n.自行车 Ⅱ.一词多义 1．cycle 对点微练——选出cycle的含义 ①The life cycle of a butterfly consists of four stages: egg，larva，pupa，and adult. ________②She rode her cycle to the park and enjoyed the scenic route along the river. ________ ③She cycles to work every day to stay fit and reduce her carbon footprint. ________ B C A 2．track 对点微练——选出track的含义 A．n.跑道　B．n.足迹，踪迹　C．n.轨道　D．vt.追踪 ①Engineers carried out a thorough inspection of the track to ensure the safety of the trains. _______②The hunter tracked the wolf and managed to catch it. _______③When Kelly ran around the track，she heard many cheers and kids shouting，“Go Kelly! You can do it！” _______④We followed the bear's tracks in the snow. _______ C D A B 3．net 对点微练——选出net的含义 A．n.(网球等的)球网　B．adj.净得的　C．vt.净赚，净得 D．vt.(将球)踢入球门，射入球门 ①It is reported the company's net profit increased by 10% last year.________②The player has netted 21 goals so far this season. ________③Just one minute before the game was over，he kicked the ball into the net，helping his team win the champion. ________④He netted a million dollars after taxes last year. ________ B D A C 4．tip 对点微练——选出tip的含义 A．n.建议，忠告，窍门　B．n.小费　C．n.尖，尖端 D．vt.倒出，翻覆 ①It is a custom in that country to give the waiter a tip after the meal.________ ②He tipped the contents of the bag onto the table. ________ ③The following are some tips to help you gain the promotion you want. ________ ④What you see is only the tip of the glacier and eight ninths of it is under the sea. ________ 返回 B D A C 真题在线 教考衔接 返回 Ⅰ.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思 1．(2020·浙江卷)At 9：30 am，the full red/yellow/green signal cycle might be 140 seconds. ________ 2．(2022·全国乙卷)They will be moving on the track ahead of the train，and programmed to run autonomously. _______ 3．(2023·全国乙卷)To make some of my landscape shots，I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. ________ 4．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Road accidents，which had fallen for years，are now rising sharply. ____________ n.周期 n.轨道 n.照片 adv.急剧地 Ⅱ.词汇拓展——写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思 1．(2021·全国乙卷)We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee replacement operation. ______________ 掌握规律·词汇拓展 replacement n．替换，更换；替换的人(物)→replace vt.代替；取代 2．(2022·全国乙卷)To strengthen the connection with young people，the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media. ______________ 掌握规律·词汇拓展 strengthen vi.&vt.加强，增强；(使)强健→strength n．体力，力气；优势，优点；长处→strong adj.强壮的；强大的；强烈的；坚决的→strongly adv.强烈地；坚固地；强有力地 n.更换，替换 vt.加强，增强 3．(2021·北京卷)The findings show a critical need to invest in disaster prevention. _________ 掌握规律·词汇拓展 prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡→prevention n．预防；防止；防范→preventable adj.可以预防的；可以阻止的 n. 预防 Ⅲ.长难句剖析 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)When John Todd was a child，he loved to explore the woods around his house，observing how nature solved problems. 自主剖析：本句为主从复合句。when引导__________从句；observing how nature solved problems为_______________短语，在句中作______；how引导______从句。 尝试翻译：_____________________________________________________ _____________________________ 时间状语 动词-ing形式 状语 宾语 当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林， 观察大自然是如何解决问题的。 2．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)When he got older，John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. 自主剖析：本句为主从复合句。when引导__________从句；if引导______从句；people were making为______从句，修饰名词the messes，从句省略关系代词that或which。 尝试翻译：___________________________________________________ ______________ 时间状语 宾语 定语 长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制 造的混乱。 Ⅳ.写作佳句回眸练 1．(2023·全国乙卷)它们不仅看起来很漂亮，而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪来促进人们的健康。 Not only __________________，but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood. 2．(2021·天津卷)老实说，我觉得我不会被录取。 ______________________ I'm going to be admitted. do they look beautiful I honestly don't think Ⅴ.单元新情境创新应用 用所给单词的正确形式填空或填入一个合适的词(黑体部分是本单元 词汇) Last Friday afternoon，after school we students 1._________ (gather) together in the school stadium 2.__________ (watch) a fierce football match.It was the last match，3._______ meant the winning team would be the champion.My class team would compete with Class Four.Liu Jian who quitted 4._________ (play) football last term would return to the field this time.We were all excited about this because he was capable 5.____ organizing the whole team.That is to say，he is really the 6.___________ (inspire) of our team.During the match，Liu Jian was very active. gathered to watch which playing of inspiration 7._____________ (particular) when Sun Tao got the ball，Liu Jian ran fast to prevent the enemy from 8._________ (influence) Sun's kicking the goal.Their hard work at last paid off.Sun Tao kicked a goal.The result was 9.___________________ (satisfy)—our team at last won the match，becoming 10._____ champion of this year. Particularly influencing satisfying/satisfactory the 返回 情境迁移 写作微练 返回 Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练 第一步　练表达——亮出文采 使用本单元所学知识完成下列句子 1．我是一个运动迷，总是保持均衡的饮食。 I am a sport fan and always ___________________． 2．当我在中学的时候，我喜欢慢跑、骑自行车、体操和打羽毛球。 When I was in middle school，I liked _________________________________ ___________________． 3．当我进入大学时，我爱上了足球，成为学校足球队的一员。 When I entered university，I fell in love with football and became __________ _________________________． keep a balanced diet jogging，cycling，gymnastics and playing badminton of the school football team a member 4．我们和另一支球队在争夺冠军。 We ______________________________ with another team. 5．不幸的是，我们的一名球员汤姆撞到球门柱上，受了重伤。 One of our players，Tom，__________ the goal post and got seriously injured. 6．我们很可能会被打败。然而，汤姆站了起来。 It was likely that we _________________．However，Tom rose to his feet. 7．人群禁不住鼓掌欢呼。 ___________ couldn't help clapping and cheering. 8．我们队最终赢得了比赛，汤姆的努力得到了回报。 Our team finally won the game and Tom's efforts __________． were competing for the champion crashed into would be defeated The crowd paid off 第二步　学逻辑——完美成篇 运用恰当的过渡衔接词汇连句成篇 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I am a sport fan and always keep a balanced diet.When I was in middle school，I liked jogging，cycling，gymnastics and playing badminton.When I entered university，I fell in love with football and became a member of the school football team.One day，we were competing for the champion with another team.Unfortunately，one of our players，Tom，crashed into the goal post and got seriously injured.It was likely that we would be defeated.However，Tom rose to his feet.The crowd couldn't help clapping and cheering.Our team finally won the game and Tom's efforts paid off. Ⅱ.读后续写提能练(兴奋) 1．好词好句输入 单 词 jump跳；shout大喊；clap拍手；cheer欢呼；bounce上下跳动/蹦跳；excited兴奋的；overjoyed欣喜若狂的；thrilled非常兴奋的，极为激动的；enthusiastic满腔热忱的 短 语 to one's excitement/thrill令某人激动的是；be over the moon欣喜若狂，心花怒放；in high/cheerful spirits情绪高涨；contain one's excitement抑制自己的兴奋；with/ in excitement激动地，兴奋地 句 子 ※The children jumped up and down excitedly when they saw the colorful fireworks lighting up the night sky.当孩子们看到五颜六色的烟花照亮夜空时，他 们兴奋地跳上跳下。 ※Mark's eyes sparkled with anticipation and excitement as he prepared to begin his first solo adventure abroad.马克的眼睛里闪烁着期待和兴奋，他正准备开始他的第一次海外个人冒险。 ※David's voice trembled with excitement as he shared the news of his acceptance into his dream university.当大卫分享他被梦想中的大学录取的消息时，他的声音因激动而颤抖。 ※Sarah couldn't contain her excitement as she opened the gift and discovered a plane ticket to her dream destination.当萨拉打开礼物，发现一张去自己梦想中的目的地的机票时，她无法抑制自己的兴奋。 2.写作战场输出 (1)利用修辞手法和高级句式并借助环境描写烘托人物兴奋的心情。 ①汤姆向树林走去，兴奋地跟着他的父亲。(动词-ing形式短语作状语) Tom walked towards the woods，___________________________． ②男孩看着眼前的大森林，兴奋得睁大了眼睛。(widen) _______________________________________ as he looked at the big forest in front of them. ③他感到非常兴奋，心跳加速。(独立主格) He felt so excited，____________________． following his father excitedly The boy's eyes widened with/in excitement his heart beating fast ④他们的每一步都让他更加激动。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语) Every step they took ______________________________． ⑤他无法抑制自己的兴奋。(contain) He couldn't ______________________． ⑥汤姆等不及他们睡在星空下的夜晚了。(定语从句) Tom couldn't wait for the night __________________________________． made him more thrilled/excited contain his excitement when they would sleep under the stars (2)将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Tom walked towards the woods，following his father excitedly.What's more，the boy's eyes widened with/in excitement as he looked at the big forest in front of them.He felt so excited，his heart beating fast.Every step they took made him more thrilled/excited.He couldn't contain his excitement.Then Tom couldn't wait for the night when they would sleep under the stars. 返回 单 元 测 评 返回 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A (2023·安徽省淮北市高三一模) The walls of our house were supposed to be white.But I never remember them being white.At first，they were grey，then turning black.My father was a coal worker.He made charcoal(木炭)in our house.Have you ever seen charcoal being made? The little bags you buy in the store for barbecue，they come from somewhere，and honestly，it's a very dirty business. I remember one day I was bagging up the charcoal with my dad，and it was really cold and raining.All we had was the tiny roof over our heads.After a few hours，I got to go to school，where it was warm.My dad stayed out there working，all day.If he didn't sell that day，maybe we wouldn't have enough to eat.I thought to myself：At some point，everything is going to change. For this，I owe football everything.I started football early.I played so much football that every two months，my boots would break apart.When I was seven，I must have been pretty good，because I scored 64 goals for my neighborhood team.That year，my dad got a call from a coach saying they wanted me to play there.My dad asked，“Oh，it's too far away.Nine kilometers.How will we get him there？” My mom said，“No，no，no! Don't worry，I'll take him！” And that is when Graciela was born. Graciela was an old yellow bicycle that my mother would use to drive me to training every day.It had a little basket in the front.Imagine this：A woman biking through town with a little boy on the back and a bag in the basket with his boots.Up hills.Down hills.Through the dangerous neighborhoods.In the rain.In the cold.In the dark.Graciela got us where we needed to go. Nowadays people look on YouTube，watch the World Cup and see the results，but they don't know the journey.They don't know about my living room walls turning from white to black.They don't know about my father working under a little roof.They don't know about my mother riding Graciela through the rain and the cold. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。阿根廷足球运动员迪马利亚自述了他辉煌背后鲜为人知的故事。 1．Why did the walls of the author's house turn black？ A．His family wanted to change the look of their old house. B．The color black could cover up his father's dirty business. C．The author often made indoor barbecues with the charcoal. D．There was a lot of coal dust created from his father's work. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“At first，they were grey，then turning black.My father was a coal worker.He made charcoal(木炭)in our house.”可推知，作者家的墙变黑了是因为他父亲的工作产生了很多煤尘。故选D项。 √ 2．What can we learn about Graciela？ A．Graciela was a yellow bicycle with a basket. B．Graciela was named after the author's mother. C．Graciela was born when the author was nine. D．Graciela got the family wherever they wanted to go. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Graciela was an old yellow bicycle that my mother would use to drive me to training every day.It had a little basket in the front.”可知，Graciela是一辆带篮子的黄色自行车。故选A项。 √ 3．What good quality do the author and his parents have in common？ A．Determined. B．Confident. C．Ambitious. D．Easygoing. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“I thought to myself：At some point，everything is going to change.”，第二段中“My dad stayed out there working，all day.”和第四段中“A woman biking through town with a little boy on the back and a bag in the basket with his boots.Up hills.Down hills.Through the dangerous neighborhoods.In the rain.In the cold.In the dark.”可推知，作者和父母有一个共同的品质：意志坚定，故选A项。 √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，作者想告诉我们每一个荣耀的背后都有一个故事。故选D项。 4．What does the author intend to tell us？ A．In time of test，family is best. B．Happiness is a choice，not a result. C．One who fears failure limits his activities. D．Behind every glory there is always a story. √ B (2023·琼海市嘉积中学高三三模) Walking，the world's most natural exercise，is one of the best ways to keep healthy.It is less dangerous than running.Walking strengthens muscles without stretching them too much and it puts less pressure on bones and joints.Many people are active in what is called fitness walking.They take short walks a few times each week to improve their health.Fitness walking can be done in groups or alone almost anywhere and anytime.No special equipment is needed. Experts advise drinking some water before and after each walk and also gently stretching the muscles and joints that are most likely to become tense during the exercise. The most effective way to walk is the natural way.Keep your head high and your back straight.In fitness walking it is important to remember your footsteps should fall almost in a straight line.Bend your arms at elbows.Let them swing from the shoulders with each step. Walking is good for the health of your body.And studies have provided details about the link between walking and your emotional health.A group of subjects were asked to describe their feelings of energy and tension before a ten-minute fast walk.When they returned，they felt less tired and more full of energy.This feeling lasted one hour.Even after 2 hours the students felt less tired than they had before the experiment. Short walks can also help make personal problems seem less serious.One group of subjects described the seriousness of their personal problems such as job worries，or failing marriage.They went for a ten-minute fast walk.When they came back，they said their problems seemed less threatening.Improvements were not observed everyday，but after 3 weeks，the differences became very clear. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了步行的优点以及步行的注意 事项。 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Walking，the world's most natural exercise...less dangerous than running.Walking strengthens muscles without stretching them too much and it puts less pressure on bones and joints.”可知，步行是非常好的锻炼方式，它没有跑步危险，而且能增强肌肉。故选A。 5．Which of the following makes walking a good way to keep healthy？ A．It strengthens muscles. B．It greatly stretches muscles. C．It reduces pressure on joints. D．It puts much pressure on bones. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，专家建议在每次步行前后都应喝水，并做轻度拉伸。故选B。 6．What is suggested to prepare for a walk？ A．Getting equipped. B．Drinking water. C．Inviting partners. D．Choosing a fixed route. √ 段落大意题。第三段首句指出，最有效的步行是用自然的方式，后文则具体指出如何步行。因此该段主要谈论步行的正确方式。故选B。 7．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ A．Benefits of walking. B．Proper ways of walking. C．The process of a study on walking. D．Effects of walking on mental health. √ 推理判断题。根据第四段中“A group of subjects were asked to describe...before the experiment.”可知，10分钟的快速步行后，这些实验参与者感觉精力更加充沛，甚至两个小时之后，他们都还不如步行前疲劳。由此推测出，他们感觉神清气爽。故选D。 8．How did the subjects feel after a ten-minute fast walk？ A．Hungry. B．Pleased. C．Exhausted. D．Refreshed. √ Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题6分，共30分) (2023·湖南省邵阳市高三二模) Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym，known as a fed workout.Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies，called a fasted workout.1( ) Many experts say there's no easy answer because it depends on the person. If you want energy and strength for an ideal workout，you need fuel.A fed workout will provide your body with power.Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights.2( ) Muscle preservation is also an essential component of strengthening your body.Nitrogen(氮)is critical for processing protein that builds healthy muscles.People tend to lose less nitrogen during a fed workout than a fasted one. Many fitness enthusiasts are not on board with this idea.They report feeling sick and inactive while trying to exercise after eating.With a fasted workout，you may not get the usual indigestion.Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy，meaning you will burn more fat.3( ) It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose(葡萄糖)levels，and you may feel dizzy.You may even be more likely to overeat. 4( ) Not all foods are created equal.For example，if you choose a fed workout，you'll probably lose a lot of water during an intense training，so you should consider drinking some beforehand.With a fasted workout，it would help if you had some nutrition right after your session is complete.Drink some water.Then，have a light meal or nutritional snack. Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice.Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings.5( ) A．However，a fasted workout might not work for you. B．How your body will respond is based on your workout intensity. C．These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body. D．To eat or not to eat，that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts' minds. E．Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice. F．Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat. G．A person doing a 30-minute session a day may not have a problem with fasted workouts. 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了进食锻炼和空腹锻炼的优缺点，告诉人们在做出选择之前，要认真考虑并与自己的健身教练讨论。 (2023·湖南省邵阳市高三二模) Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym，known as a fed workout.Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies，called a fasted workout.1( ) Many experts say there's no easy answer because it depends on the person. To eat or not to eat，that is the question on 上文介绍了“fed workout(进食锻炼)”和“fasted workout(空腹锻炼)”两种锻炼方式，根据空后一句“Many experts say there's no easy answer because it depends on the person.”可知，D项(吃还是不吃，这是许多健身爱好者心中的问题。)符合语境。D项中“the question”和下文的answer对应。 many fitness enthusiasts' minds. If you want energy and strength for an ideal workout，you need fuel.A fed workout will provide your body with power.Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights.2( ) Muscle preservation is also an essential component of strengthening your body.Nitrogen(氮)is critical for processing protein that builds healthy muscles.People tend to lose less nitrogen during a fed workout than a fasted one. These benefits can result in 空前一句“Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights.”介绍了运动前吃东西的好处：可以帮助你坚持更长时间，举起更重的重量。C项(这些好处可以燃烧更多的脂肪，塑造更苗条的身材。)符合语境。C项中“These benefits”指的是空前句中的“sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights”。 burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body. Many fitness enthusiasts are not on board with this idea.They report feeling sick and inactive while trying to exercise after eating.With a fasted workout，you may not get the usual indigestion.Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy，meaning you will burn more fat.3( ) It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose(葡萄糖)levels，and you may feel dizzy.You may even be more likely to overeat. However，a fasted workout might not work for you. 空前一句中“eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy，meaning you will burn more fat”介绍了空腹锻炼的好处：让你的身体把储存的脂肪用作能量，你会燃烧更多的脂肪；下文“It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose(葡萄糖) levels，and you may feel dizzy.”介绍了空腹锻炼的危害：你的血糖水平突然下降，你可能会感到头晕。A项(然而，空腹锻炼可能并不适合你。)承上启下，符合语境。 4( ) Not all foods are created equal.For example，if you choose a fed workout，you'll probably lose a lot of water during an intense training，so you should consider drinking some beforehand.With a fasted workout，it would help if you had some nutrition right after your session is complete.Drink some water.Then，have a light meal or nutritional snack. Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing 根据下文“Not all foods are created equal.”可知，并不是所有的食物都一样，因此锻炼应该吃什么很重要。F项(知道理想的锻炼应该吃什么和知道什么时候吃一样重要。)符合语境。 when to eat. Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice.Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings.5( ) Think thoroughly 根据上文“Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings.”可知，进食锻炼和空腹锻炼都有各自的优点和缺点。E项(在做出选择之前，彻底地考虑并与你的健身教练讨论。)符合语境。 and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice. Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题3分，共30分) (2023·哈尔滨市高三三模) Volunteer travel，also known as voluntourism，refers to taking a trip 1__________ purpose is to participate in an arranged service opportunity to give back to the local community and make a difference.Volunteer travel dates back to the 1960s，when Alec Dickson and his wife Mora from the UK 2__________ (found) Voluntary Service Overseas (VSO)，an international volunteer organization.Various 3__________ (activity) ranging from conservation work to education and healthcare projects can 4__________ (involve) in volunteer travel.These projects are 5__________ (typical) organized by non-profit organizations or travel agencies that specialize in responsible and sustainable tourism. whose founded activities be involved typically Volunteer travel can help address social and environmental issues，contribute to local development projects 6_____ help with disaster relief efforts. Working voluntarily while exploring new destinations and cultures allows individuals to learn new skills and gain a deeper 7_____________ (understand) of a country and its people. and understanding Volunteer travel in rural areas is now attracting more urban visitors as a break from the fast and 8__________ (stress) pace of urban living.It has indeed been a growing trend for urban residents 9__________ (volunteer) in rural areas.For those who are sick of urban pressure but can't decide whether to move to the countryside，volunteer travel can be 10_____ alternative solution. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了义工旅行的起源、具体的内容。 stressful to volunteer an 考查定语从句。本空引导定语从句，修饰名词a trip，本空在定语从句中作主语purpose的定语，故本空应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 1．答案：whose 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语the 1960s可知，本句动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填founded。 2．答案：founded 考查名词的单复数。根据空前形容词Various可知，本空应用名词复数形式。故填activities 。 3．答案：activities 考查动词的语态。本句主语Various __________ (activity)和动词involve之间为被动关系，空前有情态动词can。故填be involved。 4．答案：be involved 考查词性转换。本空修饰动词organized，应用副词形式。故填typically。 5．答案：typically 考查连词。空前address social and environmental issues、contribute to local development projects和空后help with disaster relief efforts为并列关系，故本空应用并列连词and。故填and。 6．答案：and 考查词性转换。根据空前形容词deeper可知，本空应用名词形式。故填understanding。 7．答案：understanding 考查词性转换。本空修饰名词pace of urban living，应用形容词stressful作定语，意为“压力大的，紧张的”。故填stressful。 8．答案：stressful 考查非谓语动词。本句中It作形式主语，本空应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to volunteer。 9．答案：to volunteer 考查冠词。空后名词solution为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且alternative以元音音素开头。故填an。 10．答案：an Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A (2023·辽宁省丹东市高三质量测试二) The Sydney to Melbourne Ultramarathon，an endurance race of 875 km，was considered the toughest in the world.It used to be a five-day race，with only the world-class athletes daring to attempt it.Most athletes who took part in this ultramarathon were under 30 years of age. Cliff was a farmer from Australia with a dream of running a race.When he attended the race，he was 61 years old.He had no specialized sportswear. Instead，he wore galoshes overalls.When he appeared at the venue，the onlookers thought he was probably a spectator.To their surprise，Cliff picked up a race number. Having grown up on a farm，Cliff had to go out to round up the sheep every time there was a storm，because his family could not afford horses or tractors.Two thousand sheep scattered across two thousand acres of land—it took him as long as three days of chasing the animals，but he always succeeded. The race began，and the strong and young racers started leaving Cliff behind.The racers had a strategy.They would be running hours each for the five days of the race，and sleep for the remaining 6 hours.Nonetheless，Cliff had no such strategy! Being an amateur athlete，he was not familiar with any such game plan.So，he just ran on and on，and the next morning，when the other athletes woke up，they found that the old man had caught up with the others by jogging all night.By the final night of the race，he had surpassed the other competitors and became the champion. The next time Cliff caught attention again when he was 76.He took up the challenge of running along Australia's border，across a distance of 16，000 km with the aim of raising money for homeless children.Unfortunately，his crew member fell ill，and Cliff had to withdraw from the race，after running for 6，520 km. Cliff，a simple farmer，created a one-of-a-kind history.Instead of withering away，he started his new life，and showed the world that it's never too late to start following the heart and pursuing dreams. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个追求梦想的农民Cliff，在61岁时参加超级马拉松比赛并获得了冠军。 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The Sydney to Melbourne Ultramarathon，an endurance race of 875 km，was considered the toughest in the world.”以及“Most athletes who took part in this ultramarathon were under 30 years of age.”可推知，本段提到了运动员的年龄是为了强调比赛的艰苦。故选D项。 1．Why the age of the athletes is mentioned in the first paragraph？ A．To explain the rule of the race. B．To introduce the level of the race. C．To show the popularity of the race. D．To stress the toughness of the race. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，是Cliff在农场的工作经历促成了他的成功。故选C项。 2．What contributed to Cliff's success？ A．His hard training. B．His advanced sportswear. C．His working experience. D．His well-designed strategy. √ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，Cliff坚持不懈并富有同情心。故选B项。 3．Which of the following can best describe Cliff？ A．Intelligent and generous. B．Persevering and sympathetic. C．Ambitious and optimistic. D．Determined and insightful. √ 标题归纳题。通读全文，根据最后一段内容可知，本文讲述了一个追求梦想的农民Cliff，在61岁时参加超级马拉松比赛并获得了冠军。B项(Cliff，一个追求梦想的老农民)为最佳标题。 4．Which of the following can be the best title of the text？ A．Cliff，the winner of many running races B．Cliff，a senior farmer pursuing his dream C．Cliff，a kind charitarian keen on raising money D．Cliff，a simple Melbourne ultramarathon runner √ B (2023·山东省淄博市高三三模) There is no universally accepted age that is considered old among or within societies.Often disagreements exist as to what age a society may consider old and what members in that society of that age and older may consider old.Moreover，biologists are not in agreement about the existence of an internal biological cause for aging. In general the social status of an age group is related to its effective influence in its society，which is associated with that group's function in productivity.In agricultural societies the elderly have a status of respectability.Their life experiences and knowledge are regarded as valuable，especially in preliterate(尚无文字的)societies where knowledge is orally transmitted.The range of activities in these societies allows the elderly to continue to be productive members of their communities. In industrialized nations，although in certain fields old age is still considered significant，particularly in the political field，older people are increasingly being forced into retirement before their productive years are over，causing problems in their psychological adaptations to old age.Retirement is not regarded unfavorably in all instances，but its economic limitations tend to further remove older people from the range of influence and raise problems in the extended use of leisure time and housing.As a consequence，financial preparation for retirement has become an increased concern for individuals and society. Familial relationships tend to be the focus of the elderly's attention. However，the tendency for young people in industrialized countries to be highly mobile has forced older people to decide whether to move to keep up with their families or to remain in neighborhoods which also change，altering their familiar patterns of activity.Although most older people do live within an hour from their closest child，industrialized societies are faced with formulating programs to accommodate increasing numbers of older people who function independently of their families.Adult education programs are beginning to close the generation gap; however，as each successive generation reaches old age，bringing with it its particular tendencies and preferences，new problems arise requiring new social accommodations. 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章认为老年人的社会地位与其社会影响力有关，农业社会中老年人凭借其生产力价值赢得尊重，但是工业化社会中很多老年人被迫退休，在心理和财政上都受到影响，随之而来的家庭生活问题亟待社会的解决方案。 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，在农业社会，老年人的生活经验和知识使他们依旧具有生产力价值，从而获得尊敬。由此可推知，生产力上的价值对于农业社会的老年人很重要。故选B项。 5．What counts for the elderly in agricultural societies？ A．Their status of respectability. B．Their value in productivity. C．Their rich knowledge in education. D．Their extraordinary ability to work. √ 推理判断题。根据第三段中“...older people are increasingly being forced into retirement before their productive years are over...raise problems in the extended use of leisure time and housing.”可推知，退休问题会引起老年人的心理适应问题，并在经济上限制老年人的活动和影响力。因此，退休在心理和财政两方面都影响着老年人。故选D项。 6．What can we learn about the elderly's retirement from Paragraph 3？ A．It has faded the elderly worries. B．It means the end of productive ability. C．It is considered beneficial in all distances. D．It influences the elderly psychologically and financially. √ 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Although most older people do live within an hour from their closest child，industrialized societies are faced with formulating programs to accommodate increasing numbers of older people who function independently of their families.”可知，虽然大多数老年人的生活范围离子女很近，但是越来越多的老年人独立生活，这种情况需要社会制定计划去解决。由此推知，画线词formulating的意思是“制 定”，与planning意思一致。故选A项。 7．What does the underlined word “formulating” in Paragraph 4 mean？ A．Planning. B．Changing. C．Extending. D．Canceling. √ 文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文从对老年人的定义的各种分歧引入话题，然后介绍了老年人的社会地位与其社会影响力有关，农业社会中老年人凭借其生产力价值赢得尊重，但是工业化社会中很多老年人被迫退休，在心理和财政上都受到影响，随之而来的家庭生活问题亟待社会的解决方案。因此，文章聚焦的是社会问题和现象，应该出自社会问题评论。故选C项。 8．Where is this text probably taken from？ A．A personal journal. B．A science research. C．A social issue review. D．A community brochure. √ Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) (2023·辽宁省重点高中高三三模) I couldn't walk or speak until the age of 6.I was different and slow.My brother found it odd that I couldn't remember what the tutor had taught me and would say how 1 I was. Mum tried to get me enrolled in various schools.Every time，she would explain to my classmates about my 2 ，so that I wouldn't be bullied.Despite the best 3 of my teachers，I 4 to cope with the pace of the lessons and transferred(转学)from one school to another.I remembered 5 schools at least four times. My life 6 when I was 10.Mum and I chanced upon a group of 7 with disabilities training in the open field of the nearby university.Mum 8 them and found out they were Special Olympics athletes. At the time，I was physically 9 ．I had problems walking and had to hold someone's hand for 10 ．When Mum asked if I could become a Special Olympics athlete，we were 11 surprised that the answer was “yes”．I started simple training every Saturday.Mum had to work on weekends and grandma helped to ensure I never missed a single session of training. After a few months，with the 12 guidance of my coaches，I got stronger.At my regular Special Olympics 5-metre run practice，my grandma 13 me to let go of her hand.When I crossed the finish line，the team went wild.I was so 14 that I gave my grandma a bear hug.I 15 my progress to my coaches，families and friends. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者是个残疾孩子，但身残志坚，致力于做一个有价值的人，在家人和教练的帮助下，成功获得参加特奥会的资格。 根据上文“I couldn't remember what the tutor had taught me”可知，哥哥说作者愚蠢(stupid)。stupid和上句中的slow呼应。 1．A．ambitious　 B．modest C．stupid D．tense 根据下文“with disabilities”可知，每次她都会向“我”的同学解释 “我”的残疾(disability)，这样“我”就不会被欺负了。 2． A．disability B．fault C．mistake D．worry √ √ 根据下文“of my teachers”可知，尽管老师们尽了最大的努力(efforts)，但“我”还是难以适应课程的节奏。 3．A．blessings B．efforts C．plans D．wishes 根据下文“transferred(转学) from one school to another”可知，作者难以(struggled)适应课程的节奏，从一个学校转到了另一个学校。 4．A．began B．managed C．refused D．struggled √ √ 根据上文中“transferred(转学) from one school to another”可知，作者反复转换(switching)学校。 5．A．attending B．dropping C．returning D．switching 根据下文可知，作者遇到一群残疾运动员训练，继而加入了这一群体，从此人生出现了转变(turned around)。 6．A．blew up B．lifted off C．turned around D．went downwards √ √ 根据下文“they were Special Olympics athletes”可知，作者和妈妈碰巧看到一群残疾运动员(athletes)在附近大学的空地上训练。 7．A．athletes B．workers C．students D．painters 根据下文“found out they were Special Olympics athletes”可知，妈妈走近(approached)他们，发现他们是特奥会运动员。 8．A．approached B．greeted C．invited D．praised √ √ 根据下文“guidance of my coaches，I got stronger”可知，作者加入特奥会运动员集训后，身体变得更强壮。故可推知，之前作者身体是虚弱的(weak)。 9．A．addicted B．ill C．sensitive D．weak 根据前半句“I had problems walking”可知，作者走路都有困难，不得不握住别人的手来支撑(support)。 10．A．advice B．message C．support D．warmth √ √ 根据空后“the answer was ‘yes’”可知，当妈妈问作者是否可以成为一名特奥会运动员时，我们惊喜地(pleasantly)发现答案是“可以”。 11．A．barely B．pleasantly C．slightly D．ultimately 根据上文可知，作者动作迟缓，接受能力慢，甚至连走路都有困难，显然指导这样的孩子训练需要更耐心(patient)。 12．A．detailed B．general C．patient D．practical √ √ 根据下文“to let go of her hand”可知，祖母鼓励(encouraged)作者放开她的手。 13．A．encouraged B．allowed C．requested D．advised 根据下文“I gave my grandma a bear hug”可知，作者放开祖母的手，成功地跑到了终点线，显然是兴奋的(excited)。 14．A．absorbed B．excited C．relieved D．tired √ √ 根据下文“my progress to my coaches，families and friends”可知，作者将自己的进步归功于(owe)教练、家人和朋友。 15．A．attach B．compare C．devote D．owe √ Ⅲ.应用文写作(共30分) (2023·合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测) 假定你是李华，你校开设了乒乓球培训班，请你给来自加拿大的交换生Jeff写一封邮件邀请他一起参加，内容包括： 1.写信的目的；2.课程安排；3.报名方式。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear Jeff， ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Jeff， To enrich our school life，a table tennis training class is opened in our school.I'm more than delighted to invite you to come and join us. As scheduled，the class will last a semester，starting from March 3.There will be one class at 4 pm every Friday with a period of 45 minutes.Besides，the class is suitable for students of different levels.Anyone who is interested in it can sign up in Room 304 before February 25.So don't miss the deadline! I do hope you can come and enjoy the charm of playing table tennis.Looking forward to your reply. Yours， Li Hua 返回 谢谢观看 $$