Unit 6 The Admirable（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（北师大版2019）

学应用文写作思路·背精彩范文(体裁：投稿　话题：用英语讲好中国故事) 典例呈现 　　(2023·全国甲卷)你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1.人物简介及事迹；2.意义或启示。 注意：1.词数100左右；2.题目已为你写好。 精彩范文在线 词汇学习记忆 The Historical Figure in China In the distinguished Chinese history, many people make great contributions to the development of our country, among whom Zhang Qian stands out particularly. In the Western Han Dynasty, following the emperor's command, Zhang Qian made his journey to the Western Regions.Selling traditional Chinese products like tea and silk and importing a variety of items, he opened the door to the friendship between China and many countries in Central Asia.Through his traveling, the Silk Road came into being and he greatly promoted the spread of Chinese culture. Nowadays, with more and more international exchange, it is a great time for us to learn from Zhang Qian to spread our brilliant culture to the whole world. ①distinguished adj.杰出的，卓越的 ②make great contributions to对……做出巨大的贡献 ③stand out引人注目，脱颖而出 ④make one's journey to 踏上去……之旅 ⑤a variety of 各种各样的 ⑥come into being形成 ⑦promote vt.催动，促进 ⑧learn from向……学习 句型迁移运用 ①In the distinguished Chinese history, many people make great contributions to the development of our country, among whom Zhang Qian stands out particularly.(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句) 【仿写】 我们邀请了两位演讲嘉宾参加会议，他们都是人工智能领域的专家。 We invited two guest speakers to the conference, both of whom are experts in the field of artificial intelligence． ②Nowadays, with more and more international exchange, it is a great time for us to learn from Zhang Qian to spread our brilliant culture to the whole world.(it is time for sb to do sth) 【仿写】 现在是家长与孩子开诚布公地谈论网络安全的时候了。 It is time for parents to have an open conversation with their children about online safety. 学生用书↓第388页 一、重点单词分类——夯基础 核心单词 1．career n. 职业，事业 2．cure vt. 治好(疾病)；治愈 n. 疗法 3．justice n. 公平，公正 4．generation n. 一代(人) 5．reform n. 改革；改进 6．mankind n. 人类 7．apart adj.&adv. 分开；散开 8．drug n. 药物，药材；毒品 9．female adj. 女(性)的 10．stage n. 舞台；阶段 11．award vt. 授予；给予 12．committee n. 委员会 13．gain v. 获得，赢得，取得；受益 n. 好处；利益 14．establish vt. 建立，设立 15．chemical n. 化学品 adj. 化学的 16．literature n. 文献资料；著述；文学 17．resource n. 物力；资源 18．staff n. 全体职员，员工 19．eventually adv. 最终；终于 20．protest n．&vi.&vt.抗议；反对 21．skin n. 皮肤 22．further adj. 更多的，进一步 23．march n. 示威游行，抗议游行 24．novelist n. 小说家 25．journalist n. 新闻工作者 26．opportunity n. 机会；时机 27．reputation n. 名誉；名望 28．strike vi.&vt. 突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击 29．severe adj. 很严重的 30．movement n. 运动，动作，活动 31．undertake vt. 着手做，承担 32．advocate n. 提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者 33．attitude n. 看法，态度 拓展单词 1．admire vt.钦佩；欣赏→admirable adj令人钦佩的；极其出色的→admiration n．钦佩，赞美，羡慕 2．remarkable adj.不寻常的；显著的；非凡的→remark vt.谈到，说起 n．意见；评论 3．intelligent adj.聪敏的；有智慧的→intelligence n．智力；才智；智慧 4．generous adj.无私的；慷慨的；大方的→generosity n．慷慨；大方，宽宏大量→generously adv.慷慨地；宽大地；丰盛地 5．creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地→creative adj.创造性的→create vt.创造→creativity n．创造力；独创性→creator n．创造者，创作者→creation n．创造，产物 6．effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n．效果；作用→effectively adv.有效地；实际上，事实上 7．honour n．荣誉 vt.感到荣幸→honourable adj.可敬的，值得钦佩的；品格高尚的；体面的 学生用书↓第389页 8．recognition n．表彰；赞扬→recognize vt.认识，认出；承认，意识到；认可→recognizable adj.容易认出的；易于识别的 9．limited adj.有限的→limit vt.限制；限定n.界限；限度→limitless adj.无限的 10．promising adj.大有希望的→promise n．承诺，许诺，诺言 vt.许诺，答应，保证 11．wisdom n．知识，学问；智慧→wise adj.聪明的；有判断力的→wisely adv.明智地，聪明地 12．potential n．潜力；可能性→potentially adv.潜在地 13．advance n．发展；进步→advanced adj.先进的；高级的；高等的 14．independence n．独立→independent adj.独立的，自主的→dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的 15．peaceful adj.和平的，没有暴力的→peace n．和平；平静；和睦→peacefully adv.安详地；无痛苦地 16．racial adj.种族的；人种的→race n．种族，人种；血统 17．discrimination n．歧视→discriminate vt.不公正地区别对待，歧视；区别，辨别，区分 续表 18．inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的→inspiration n．鼓舞人心的人(或事物)；灵感→inspire vt.激励；鼓舞；唤起；启示 19．judge vt.评价；判断→judgment n．判断力，识别力；判决，裁决；评价 20．impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的→impression n．印象，感想→impress vt.给……留下深刻印象 21．respect vt.&n.尊敬；敬佩→respectful adj.礼貌的；恭敬的→respectable adj.体面的；令人尊敬的 22．horror n．令人惊恐的事→horrible adj.可怕的；令人恐惧的 23．regard vt.认为，看作→regarding prep.关于 24．passion n．强烈的爱好，热爱；激情→passionate adj.具有强烈信念的；热爱的，酷爱的 25．awareness n．认识；意识→aware adj.意识到的，明白的→unaware adj.不知道的，没意识到的，未察觉的 26．organisation n．组织；团体；机构→organise vt.组织，筹备，安排→organised adj.有组织的，系统的，有条理的→organiser n．(活动等的)组织者 27．depression n．忧郁，沮丧，消沉；抑郁症→depress vt.使沮丧，使意志消沉，使心灰意冷→depressed adj.沮丧的→depressing adj.令人沮丧的 28．commitment n．投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺→commit n．做出(错或非法的事)，犯(罪或错等)；承诺，保证；全心全意投入→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的 29．intense adj.强烈的，剧烈的→intensity n．(光、声等的)强度 30．engage vi.参加，参与→engaged adj.(指人)忙着的；占用着的；订婚的→engagement n．订婚；约定，约会→engaging adj.有趣的，令人愉快的，迷人的 31．design vt.计划，设计→designer n．设计师 32．energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的→energy n．精力；活力；力量 33．disability n．伤残，残障，障碍→disable vt.使残疾；使失去能力→disabled adj.丧失能力的；有残疾的 34．summary n．概要；摘要；总结→summarize vt.总结，概括，概述 35．originally adv.原先，最初→origin n．起源，原点→original adj.原来的，开始的→originate vi.起源，发端于；创立，创建；发明 学生用书↓第390页 阅读单词 1．evil n. 邪恶之事；祸害 adj. 邪恶的 2．mosquito n. 蚊子 3．academy n. 研究院；学会 4．herb n. 药草 5．recipe n. 处方；秘诀 6．fame n. 名声，名誉 7．renowned adj. 著名的，有名望的 8．despite prep. 尽管；虽然 9．integrate vi.&vt. (使)结合；(使)成为一体 10．mahatma n. 圣雄(印度对圣贤的称呼) 11．bar n. 铁栅；(门、窗等的)闩 12．self-evident adj. 不证自明的；显而易见的 13．nightmare n. 噩梦，梦魇 14．ongoing adj. 继续进行的，不断发展的 15．undertake vt. 着手做，承担 16．biography n. 传记 17．daring adj. 勇敢的 二、必备短语分组——抓落实 汉译英 1．put out fires 灭火 2．fight for... 努力争取，为……斗争 3．have...in mind 心里已有…… 4．with the help of 在……的帮助下 5．lead to 导致，引起 6．be interested in 对……感兴趣 7．be regarded as 被认为，被看作 8．pass away 去世 英译汉 9．apart from... 除……之外 10．come across 偶遇 11．pick out 挑选 12．behind bars 在牢里 13．the other day 不久前某一天 14．due to 由于，因为 15．in spite of 尽管……(仍……)；虽然；不顾 三、经典句式默背——积佳句 句型公式 1．动词不定式(短语)作定语 The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize for her work. 这位女士就是屠呦呦，是中国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。 2．so...that...句型 His injuries were so severe that he had no movement or feeling in his body at all and even needed a machine to help him breathe. 他的伤势非常严重，身体完全丧失了运动能力和知觉，甚至连呼吸都需要借助机器。 单元美句 1.Having once been a healthy and successful young man to being trapped in a broken body was like a living nightmare to him. 他曾经是一个健康、成功的年轻人，现在却被困在一副受伤的身体里，这对他来说就像一个真实的噩梦。 2．Throughout history, we can find examples of inspiring young people who showed courage and hope in times of extreme hardship. 纵观历史，我们可以找到在极端困难时期表现出勇气和希望的激励年轻人的例子。 学生用书↓第72页 (限时20分钟，满分50分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每空1分，共10分) 1．Making right career (职业)choices is crucial to personal success. 2．Over 100 players competed for the honour (荣誉)of representing the county in the National Finals. 3．China has made significant achievements in economic growth, becoming a respected and important force on the international stage (舞台). 4．No matter what country we're from, no matter what our skin (皮肤)color is, we're all part of the world. 5．In the past, the black were not allowed to have a seat on the bus, but such social discrimination (歧视)is now disappearing. 6．You must judge (判断)a person by his actions, not by what he says. 7．China has taken a positive attitude (态度)toward reducing carbon emissions, showing its sense of responsibility as a major country in the world. 8．A Dream in Red Mansions occupies an important place in the history of Chinese literature (文学). 9．We should hand down the good tradition from one generation (一代人)to the next. 10．A high percentage of the female (女性的)staff are part-time workers. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．The two countries and peoples should have enough wisdom (wise) to find a way to live in peace and achieve win-win cooperation. 2．Originally (original), he planned to learn Chinese at Hainan University for one year. 3．People around the world expressed their admiration (admire) for China's rapid development. 4．We must have the patience to continue to work until we will find a peaceful (peace) solution to the crisis. 5．Mr Smith was deeply moved by the friendliness and generosity (generous) of Chinese people. 6．He received the award in recognition (recognise) of his success over the past year. 7．Environmental awareness (aware) has increased dramatically over the past decade. 8．He is an energetic (energy) and hardworking person, who is always on the move. 9．The nation has realized inspiring (inspire) achievements over the past decade and will continue to promote the country's modernization. 10．We have overcome numerous obstacles and created impressive (impress) miracles one after another. Ⅲ.短语填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) with the help of，pass away，fight for，pick out，be regarded as，due to，come across，the other day，in spite of，apart from 1．He came across a lost dog on his way home and decided to help it find its owner. 2．Apart from her love for cooking, she also enjoys gardening and growing her own vegetables. 3．With the help of a ladder, neighbours were able to rescue the children from the burning house. 4．On December 5, 2013, Nelson Mandela passed away in his home at the age of 95. 学生用书↓第73页 5．Requiring low consumption of natural resources, tea production is regarded as a green industry with high added value. 6．The project had to be abandoned due to a lack of government funding. 7．The other day, I put down his number on a piece of paper, which I can't find now. 8．In spite of many difficulties, we did our best and managed to finish the work on time. 9．In today's competitive job market, you have to fight for every opportunity that comes your way. 10．She needs to pick out a dress for the party that she's going to attend next week. Ⅳ.经典句式仿写(每小题2分，共10分) 1．虽然她每天七点来上班，但她是晚上最后一个离开的人。(动词不定式作定语) Although she comes to work at seven every day, she's always the last to leave in the evening. 2．我们之所以没有去，是因为我们得到通知太晚了。(the reason why...is/was that...) The reason why we didn't go was that we were notified too late. 3．他看上去那么滑稽，我忍不住大笑起来。(so...that...) He looked so funny that I couldn't help laughing. 4．只有在犯了几个错误之后，他才懂得了耐心和毅力的价值。(强调句型) It was only after making a few mistakes that he learned the value of patience and perseverance. 5．这座山太陡了，没有合适的设备他们爬不上去。(too...to...) The mountain is too steep for them to climb without proper equipment. Part 1　核心词汇·多维练透 admire vt.钦佩；欣赏(派生词：①admiration n．钦佩，赞美，羡慕　②admirable adj.令人钦佩的；极其出色的) (1)admire sb for (doing) sth 羡慕某人(做)某事 (2)have admiration for sb/sth 羡慕/钦佩某人/物　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之人物描写 ①(2021·浙江卷)The admiration (admire) and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting. ②Michael's selflessness in always putting others' needs before his own is truly admirable (admire). ③I don't agree with her, but I admire her for her sticking to her principles. ④我最钦佩我的祖父是因为他的智慧、善良和他对待别人的方式。 I admire my grandfather the most because of his wisdom, kindness, and the way he treats others. [中国元素] Many people around the world admire China for its great contributions to the world peace.世界上许多人钦佩中国为世界和平作出的巨大贡献。 学生用书↓第74页 cure vt.治好(疾病)；治愈；n.疗法(派生词：curable adj.可治愈的) (1)a cure for... 针对……的治疗(法)　　 (2)cure sb/a disease 治愈某人/治愈某种疾病 cure sb of sth 治愈某人的疾病/改掉某人的恶习　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之感谢信 ①Scientists are diligently researching to find a cure for cancer, a disease that affects millions of people worldwide. ②Thanks to advances in medical treatment, many patients with previously life-threatening diseases have been cured (cure) in the past years. ③Participating in a time management workshop played a crucial role in helping her cure herself of her impatience and become more organized. ④Most skin cancers are completely curable (cure) if detected in the early stages. ⑤我写信是为了对你治好我的牙痛表示最深切的感谢。 I am writing to express my deepest gratitude to you for curing me of my toothache． [易混辨析]　cure，treat，heal辨析 cure 意为“治愈”，常指治疗疾病、痛苦或改正恶习、弊害等，侧重结果；常用cure sb of sth结构 treat 意为“治疗”，强调治疗的过程；常用treat sb for sth结构 heal 意为“(使)愈合，治愈”，指治愈伤口，尤其是灼伤，使愈合或恢复正常 [中国元素] Acupuncture, a traditional Chinese medical practice, has been used to successfully cure many ailments.针灸是一种传统的中国医学实践，已被成功地用于治疗许多疾病。 generous adj.无私的；慷慨的；大方的(派生词：①generosity n．慷慨；大方　②generously adv.慷慨地；宽大地；丰盛地) (1)be generous to sb 对某人慷慨/大方 (2)be generous with sth 用……很大方/不吝啬 (3)It is generous of sb to do sth 某人做某事真是太大方了　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之感谢信 ①Although he was poor, he was quite generous to his needy friends. ②He got a fine fame for being generous with his money to help others. ③He said he was deeply touched by the country, its people and their generosity (generous). ④Not being a rich man himself, he helped the poor generously (generous). ⑤你昨天借给我你的书真是太慷慨了，我真是感激不尽。 It was very generous of you to lend me your book yesterday and I appreciate it more than I can say. [中国元素] Chinese people are known for their generosity, often offering help and support to those in need without hesitation.中国人以慷慨著称，他们经常毫不犹豫地向有需要的人提供帮助和支持。 honour n．荣誉；vt.感到荣幸(派生词：honourable adj.可敬的，值得钦佩的，品格高尚的；体面的) (1)in honour of 为向……表示敬意；为了纪念…… have the honour to do/of doing... 有幸做…… It is one's honour to do sth 做某事是某人的荣幸 (2)be honoured for... 因……而受到尊敬/获得荣誉 be honoured as... 被尊为…… be honoured with 被授予…… be/feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之演讲稿 ①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)It's been an honor to watch (watch) the panda programme develop and to see the pandas settle into their new home. 学生用书↓第75页 ②(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)Grant and the policeman were honored for their courage. ③The charity event was organized in honour of the generous donors and volunteers who have supported the cause throughout the years. ④Two scientists were honoured with the Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology last week. ⑤He is an honourable (honour) man, who is dedicated to the people and the education cause. ⑥今天，我很荣幸受邀发表题为“劳动的果实是最甜的”的演讲。 Today, I feel honoured to be invited to deliver the speech titled “ The Fruit of Labor Is Sweetest.” [真题衔接] ⑦(2020·江苏卷)自东汉以来，他就被尊为医学大师。 He has been honoured as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty. come across偶遇 (1)come about 产生，发生 (2)come from 来自；出生于 (3)come out 出来，显露；开花；出版，发表；上市 (4)come through 安然度过 (5)come up with 赶上；提出，想出(注意、解决方法、计划等) (6)when it comes to... 当谈及……　　 用come相关短语的适当形式填空/读后续写之偶遇 ①昨天我在街上碰见一位老朋友。他说他的新书下个月出版。我们还谈到了那天发生的事故。那名司机来自一个贫穷的家庭。我们只希望司机能安然度过这件事。 I a．came across an old friend in the street yesterday.He said his new book would b．come out next month.We also talked about the accident that c．came about that day.The driver d．comes from a poor family.We only hope that the driver can e．come through it. ②我在机场遇到了一位失散多年的朋友，当我们拥抱在一起时，我的心高兴得怦怦直跳。 I came across a long-lost friend at the airport, and my heart leaped with joy as we embraced each other. [真题衔接] ③(2021·北京卷)在一个寒冷的夜晚骑自行车回家时，他遇到了一位独自在街上徘徊的面容忧郁的老妇人。 While riding his bike home on a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. potential n．潜力；可能性(派生词：potentially adv.潜在地) (1)have the potential to do sth 有做某事的潜力/可能性 (2)potential for (doing) sth (做)某事的潜力/可能性　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之劝慰信 ①I believe the boy has the potential to become (become) a world-class musician. ②All children have limitless potential for success as long as they find what they are fond of. ③Actually, sunburn is not only painful but also potentially (potential) dangerous. ④我相信你有潜力取得更大的进步。 I believe you have the potential to make greater progress． [中国元素] Exploring the potential of traditional medicine can provide alternative solutions for healthcare issues.探索传统医学的潜力可以为医疗保健问题提供替代解决方案。 学生用书↓第76页 advance n．发展；进步(派生词：advanced adj.高级的；进步的；先进的) (1)make an advance/advances in 在某方面有进步/发展 (2)in advance (＝ahead of time) 提前 in advance of 在……之前；比……进步 (3)advance vi. 促进 adj. 预先的 (4)advanced adj. 先进的　　 赏句猜义/单句语法填空/应用文写作之科技进步 ①Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly.n.发展，进步 ②This will further advance the friendly relations between the two countries.v.促进 ③It is a popular show, so advance booking is essential.adj.预先的 ④(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Registration must be made at least two weeks in advance. ⑤(2021·天津卷)As we develop more advanced (advance) AI technology, we would then have to use new ways of communicating with that technology. ⑥我相信我们将在人工智能领域取得进一步的进展。 I believe we will make further advances in the field of artificial intelligence. judge vt.评价；判断(派生词：judgement n．判断力，识别力；判决，裁决；评价) (1)judge...from/by... 从……来判断…… as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为 (2)judging by/from 从……上看；根据……判断(在句中作状语) (3)in one's judgement 在某人看来 (4)judge n. 裁判员，评委　　 赏句猜义/单句语法填空/应用文写作之个人观点 ①(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners，who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight.n.裁判员，评委 ②It's wrong of some people to judge others based on their own experiences.vt.评价 ③I judge from/by what he said just now that he does not agree with me. ④Judging (judge) from the wild clapping and cheers that filled the cinema, everybody agreed that it was indeed the best film of the year. ⑤In my judgement (judge), it's still hard for him to get a job in the company. ⑥从我们迄今取得的进步来看，我对未来持乐观态度。 Judging from the progress we have made so far, I am optimistic about the future. [中国元素] Judging from the dumplings and spring rolls on the menu, this restaurant specializes in Chinese cuisine.从菜单上的饺子和春卷来看，这家餐馆专营中国菜。 respect vt.&n.尊敬；敬佩(派生词：①respectful adj.礼貌的；恭敬的　②respectable adj.体面的；令人尊敬的) (1)respect sb＝show/have respect for sb 尊重某人 respect sb for sth 因某事而尊重某人 earn/gain the respect of... 赢得……的尊重 (2)in this respect 在这个方面 give/send one's respects to... 向……表示某人的敬意/问候　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之人物描写 ①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They make me feel valued and respected (respect), no matter my level of artistic ability. ②I hope airlines can show more respect for passengers and improve service. ③She had always been honest with me, and I respect her for that. ④“We're so pleased to meet you at last，” he said in a respectful (respect) tone of voice. 学生用书↓第77页 ⑤I also want to send my respects (respect) to all of you present here. ⑥I want to tell my dear fallen comrades that they can rest in peace because our motherland has become strong and respectable (respect). ⑦尽管年纪轻轻，但杰克以其强烈的职业道德和应对挑战的能力赢得了同事们的尊重。 Despite his young age, Jack has gained the respect of his colleagues for his strong work ethic and ability to handle challenging situations. [名师点津]　respect表示“尊重；敬重”时为不可数名词，表示“细节；方面”时为可数名词，表示“敬意；问候”时，多用其复数形式。 [真题衔接] ⑧(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。 This was the sort of work that made you appreciate the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work． regard vt.认为，看作(派生词：①regardless adv.不顾；不加理会　②regarding prep.关于；至于) (1)regard...as/to be... 认为……是……，把……看作…… be regarded as/to be 被认为是，被看作是 in/with regard to (＝as regards) 关于……，在这点上 in this/that regard 在这/那一点上，在这/那一方面 as regards sb/sth 关于/至于某人/某事 (2)regardless of 不管，不顾　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之传统习俗 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)However, most people don't regard pronunciation as/to be a very important part of communication skills. ②Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, is regarded (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. ③(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Regardless of the risk of getting infected, Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job. ④As regards salary, it will mainly depend on the employees' capacity. ⑤We appreciate your kind understanding and cooperation in this regard. ⑥Regarding (regard) your recent enquiry, I have enclosed a copy of our user guide. ⑦中国人讲究成对送礼，因为奇数被认为是不吉利的。 The Chinese people stress to send gifts in pairs, for odd numbers are regarded as/to be unlucky． [中国元素] The Great Wall of China is regarded as one of the most iconic symbols of Chinese civilization and a testament to the country's long history.中国长城被认为是中华文明最具标志性的象征之一，也是中国悠久历史的见证。 engage vi.参加，参与[派生词：①engaged adj.(指人)忙着的；占用着的；订婚的　②engagement n．(尤指正式的或与工作有关的)约定，约会；订婚　③engaging adj.有趣的，令人愉快的，迷人的] (1)engage (sb) in (doing) sth (使某人)参加/从事(做)某事 engage sb as... 聘用/雇用某人为…… (2)be engaged in (doing) sth 忙于(做)某事；参与(做)某事　　 单句语法填空/词汇升级 ①A study shows the students who are engaged (engage) in after-school activities are happier than those who are not. ②Jia Yi was very knowledgeable, and he was engaged as the teacher of the emperor. ③The couple were happy to announce the engagement (engage) of their daughter. ④Tom is popular with his peers because he is kind, easy-going and often wears an engaging (engage) smile. 学生用书↓第78页 ⑤Although you are busy with your study，you should set aside some time to take part in some outdoor activities. →Although you are engaged in your study，you should set aside some time to take part in some outdoor activities. [真题衔接] ⑥(2020·天津卷)就在张贴告示几天后，他发现人们坐在那里，进行着积极愉快的交谈。 Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and joyful conversations. design vt.计划，设计(派生词：designer n．设计师) (1)be designed for 为……而设计 be designed to do sth 目的是/计划做某事 (2)by design 故意地，蓄意地(＝on purpose)　　 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help (help) you act on the big ideas of the chapter. ②Her wedding dress is designed by a female designer (design), who is well-known around the world. ③(2020·山东卷)But in half the cases she wore a specially designed (design) fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds. ④The boy left his schoolbag at home by design because he didn't finish his homework. ⑤这些专为儿童设计的产品深受儿童及其父母的欢迎。 a．These products which/that are designed for children are well received by both children and their parents.(定语从句) b．These products designed for children are well received by both children and their parents.(分词短语作定语) [中国元素] Zodiac stamps are considered representative stamp art in China, which are designed to incorporate cultural concepts to send New Year's blessings to Chinese people.生肖邮票在中国被认为是代表性的邮票艺术，其目的是融入文化概念，向中国人民送去新年的祝福。 Part 2　经典句式·写作迁移 动词不定式(短语)作定语 (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级及the next，the only，the last，the very等词修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语； (2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：plan，ability，chance，opportunity，time，way等。　　 [教材原句]　The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize for her work.这位女士就是屠呦呦，是第一位因其工作获得诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家。 [写作迁移]——微写作 ①我真的很感谢有机会和你一起工作。 I really appreciate having the chance to work with you． ②将要举行的会议非常重要。 The meeting to be held is of great importance. ③我妈妈总是第一个起床和最后一个上床睡觉的。 My mum is always the first to get up and the last to go to bed． [名师点津]　动词不定式作定语时，当句子的主语是动词不定式的逻辑主语时，动词不定式使用主动式表示被动。 学生用书↓第79页 Part 3　知识拾遗·查缺补漏 Ⅰ.单元词汇拾遗 1．wisdom n．知识，学问；智慧→wise adj.聪明的；有判断力的→wisely adv.明智地，聪明地 [对点微练]——单句语法填空 ①It is wise of you to seek professional advice before making a major decision. ②Ancient proverbs often convey timeless wisdom (wise) passed down through generations. ③They wisely (wise) invested in their education, knowing it would lead to better career opportunities. 2．independent adj.独立的，自主的→independence n．独立→independently adv.独立地，自主地 [对点微练]——单句语法填空 ①As she turned 18, she yearned for independence (independent) and moved out of her parents' house. ②After years of hard work and saving, she managed to be financially independent of her parents. ③She decided to start her own business and work independently (independent) instead of being employed by a company. 3．depression n．忧郁，沮丧，消沉；抑郁症→depress vt.使沮丧，使意志消沉，使心灰意冷→depressed adj.沮丧的→depressing adj.令人沮丧的 [对点微练]——单句语法填空 ①He experienced a period of severe depression (depress) after the death of his loved one. ②She has been feeling depressed (depress) lately and finds it hard to get out of bed in the morning. ③The news of the natural disaster was extremely depressing (depress)；it left everyone feeling saddened and hopeless. Ⅱ.一词多义 1．strike [对点微练]——选出strike的含义 A．v.突然想到　B．v.撞，碰　C．v.划火柴 D．v.袭击，侵袭　E．v.(时钟)敲响 F．v.打动，吸引　G．n.罢工　H．v.打；击 ①She had just left for work on Monday when the earthquake struck. D ②It was too dark so he struck a match and made a fire in the cave. C ③At this point, it suddenly struck me that I was wasting my time. A ④It is reported that the workers have been on strike for three days. G ⑤The ship struck an iceberg, which tore a huge hole in its side. B ⑥When the clock struck eleven, the party came to an end. E ⑦What struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son. F ⑧He struck the table with his fist. H 2．award vt.授予；给予 [对点微练]——赏句猜义 ①(熟词生义)He received his award at a presentation in London yesterday. n.奖 ②He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology. vt.授予 3．recognition n．表彰；赞扬 [对点微练]——赏句猜义 ①(熟词生义)The town has changed out of recognition since I was last here.n.认出，认识，识别 ②He was presented with a gold watch in recognition of his service to the company.n.表彰；赞扬 学生用书↓第80页 ③(熟词生义)There is a general recognition of the urgent need for reform. n.承认，认可 4．gain v．获得，赢得，取得；受益 n．好处；利益 [对点微练]——赏句猜义 ①(熟词生义)Within two weeks, she gained five pounds in weight. v.增加，增长 ②He made lots of personal gains from his political work. n.好处；利益 ③Her unusual talent gained her worldwide recognition. v.获得，赢得，取得 ④Anybody interested in investing would gain from reading this book. v.受益 Ⅰ.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思 1．(2022·全国甲卷)In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. n.识别 2．(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)Advance bookings are required (info@middletonlodge.co.uk.). adj.提前的，预先的 Ⅱ.词汇拓展——写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思 1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner. adj.舞台上的 掌握规律·词汇拓展 stage n．舞台→onstage adj.舞台上的→offstage adj.幕后的；舞台下的 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail. adj.确定的 掌握规律·词汇拓展 establish vt.建立，设立→established adj.确定的；公认的→establishment n．建立，确立，创立 3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)I do expect Youth can publish more classic works and have a promising future. adj.大有希望的 掌握规律·词汇拓展 promise n．承诺，许诺，诺言 vt.许诺，答应，保证→promising adj.大有希望的 Ⅲ.长难句剖析 1. (2023·全国乙卷)If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. 自主剖析：本句为主从复合句。if引导条件状语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰名词history；because引导原因状语从句；while为并列连词，意为“而，然而”。 尝试翻译：如果你要讲述世界史，一部不偏袒于某部分人类的历史，仅仅通过文字是不够的，因为只有一部分世界曾经有文字，而在世界的大部分地方，大部分时间里，都没有文字。 2．(2023·全国乙卷)The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. 自主剖析：本句为主从复合句。all of whom引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas；they made为定语从句，修饰名词objects，从句省略关系代词which或that；told through things为过去分词短语，作定语修饰名词history。 学生用书↓第81页 尝试翻译：加勒比海的塔伊诺人、澳大利亚原住民、贝宁的非洲人和印加人，他们都出现在这本书中，他们最有力地向我们展示他们过去的成就，通过他们制造的物品：通过物品讲述的历史使他们重新拥有了话语权。 Ⅳ.写作佳句回眸练 1. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)年轻人太忙了，无法与大自然互动。 Young people are too busy to interact with nature. 2．(2023·全国乙卷)四年后，她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性。 Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree． Ⅴ.单元新情境创新应用 用所给单词的正确形式填空或填入一个合适的词(黑体部分是本单元词汇) Su，who has been passionate about sports since childhood, was very daring in the Beijing Winter Olympics.Not only is Su very intelligent in the sports events 1.but he is the youngest Chinese player 2.to win (win) the gold medal and the silver medal.It was his passion and hard training 3.that made him stand out.In spite of the risk of getting 4.injured (injure)，he still stuck to his 5.training (train), even in terrible weather.He often performs 6.creatively (creative).The reason why he could overcome a variety of 7.difficulties (difficulty) is that he never gives up and always 8.has (have) a positive attitude towards life and his sports career.In addition，what makes him so 9.admirable (admire) is that he made great achievements in the Winter Olympics, 10.which earned him good reputation. Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练 第一步　练表达——亮出文采 使用本单元所学知识完成下列句子 1．在一个黑人因肤色而受到不公平待遇的国家，黑人记者托马斯被视为反对歧视的斗士。 Thomas, a black journalist，was regarded as a fighter against discrimination in a country where black people were treated unfairly because of the color of their skin. 2．他主张每个人都应该受到平等对待，所以他利用一切机会组织了许多运动，呼吁白人改变对黑人的态度。 He advocated that everybody should be treated equally, so he made use of every opportunity to organise many movements, calling on white people to change their attitude to/towards the black． 3．他在领导游行时被捕，被关进了监狱。 He was arrested when he was leading a march. 4．在狱中，他患上了严重的疾病和剧烈的疼痛，但他没有屈服。 In prison, he suffered from severe diseases and intense pains, but he didn't give in. 5．因此，他因勇敢而获得了声望。 Therefore he gained a reputation for his bravery. 第二步　学逻辑——完美成篇 运用恰当的过渡衔接词汇连句成篇 Thomas, a black journalist, was regarded as a fighter against discrimination in a country where black people were treated unfairly because of the color of their skin.He advocated that everybody should be treated equally, so he made use of every opportunity to organise many movements, calling on white people to change their attitude to/towards the black.However, he was arrested when he was leading a march.In prison, he suffered from severe diseases and intense pains, but he didn't give in.Therefore he gained a reputation for his bravery. 学生用书↓第82页 Ⅱ.读后续写提能练(愤怒) 1. 好词好句输入 单 词 angry生气的；mad很生气的；cross十分愤怒的，生气的；furious狂怒的，暴怒的；glaring愤怒的，生气的；anger怒气，愤怒；fury暴怒；rage暴怒；annoyance恼怒；glare怒目而视；roar/storm怒吼；scold指责；criticize批评；lecture教训；angrily生气地 短 语 be tongue-tied with anger气得说不出话来；hands trembling with anger 气得手发抖；fuel one's anger 点燃某人的怒火；be/get angry/mad at对……生气；stamp one's feet in anger 生气地跺脚；lose one's temper 发脾气；run out of the room in a burst of anger 怒气冲冲地跑出房间；give sb a sharp scolding严厉训斥某人；can't stand it any longer再也无法忍受；roar/storm at sb(对某人)大喊大叫；tremble with anger气得发抖；flush with anger气红了脸；to one's annoyance令某人生气的是；contain one's anger控制某人的愤怒；glare at怒视；be red-cheeked with anger气得脸通红 句 子 ※Her color came and a heavy rage came over her like a dark cloud.她脸色突变，一股怒火像乌云一样笼罩着她的脸。 ※Unable to contain his anger, his father stormed out of the room.他的父亲再也无法控制自己的愤怒，气得冲出房间。 ※He slammed his fist on the table in anger.他愤怒地用拳头重重地砸在桌子上。 ※“I've had enough of your lies！” he yelled furiously.“我受够了你的谎言！”他愤怒地咆哮着。 ※He slammed the door shut, his face red with anger.他猛地把门关上，气得脸色通红。 2.写作战场输出 (1)利用修辞手法和高级句式并借助环境描写烘托人物愤怒的心情。 ①看到男孩的行为，怀特太太再也控制不住她的愤怒。(anger) Seeing the boy's behaviour, Mrs White couldn't contain her anger any longer． ②她严厉训斥他，而男孩却低着头什么也没说。(scolding) She gave him a sharp scolding, while the boy hung his head and said nothing. ③耐心已经耗尽的怀特夫人怒视着他。(glare) Mrs White, whose patience had been worn out, glared at him． ④突然，男孩怒气冲冲地跑出房间。(anger) Suddenly, the boy ran out of the room in a burst of anger． ⑤怀特夫人气得浑身发抖，她的脸因愤怒和失望而变得通红。(tremble) Mrs White trembled with anger, and her face turned red with a mix of anger and disappointment. (2)将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。 Seeing the boy's behaviour, Mrs White couldn't contain her anger any longer.She gave him a sharp scolding, while the boy hung his head and said nothing.However，Mrs White, whose patience had been worn out, glared at him.Suddenly, the boy ran out of the room in a burst of anger.Mrs White trembled with anger, and her face turned red with a mix of anger and disappointment. 单元测评6　Unit 6　The Admirable (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) A卷 (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A (2023·河北省保定市高三二模) Wearing high heels，straight-backed，four“chic grandmas” with an average age of more than 68，can still walk the walk with a fashionable international swagger on the T stage.But these are not trained models.They are，in fact，ordinary retirees.They all share a love for fashion，but their backgrounds could hardly be more different. Sang Xiuzhu，77，used to be an engineer.After retiring at the age of 62，she joined a senior model team in Beijing.Later，she was invited to participate in Beijing International Fashion Week，Paris Fashion Week and her new career just grew.She is so occupied that she really has no time to think about aging.For her，the stage she loves and pours her blood into is her future. Likewise，Guo Lirong，62，was a police officer before retirement.When she was at a friend's house by chance，she was asked to be a model.So she studied modeling for three years，from elementary to advanced classes.In the early days of retirement Guo finished shopping in the morning，made lunch，and started playing mahjong at 1：30 pm.Now，her hobbies are walking with attitude down the catwalks and filming short videos. Cheng Derong is 72.She worked as an accountant before retirement.She has loved literature and art since she was a child.But her job took up all her time.The opportunity to stay on stage seemed to have gone but her love for literature and art has never decreased. Tang Ai'ai，62，was a civil servant before retirement.After retirement，she participated in various activities，such as yoga，Latin dance and conquering catwalks.Tang suggested that after retirement，people should deal with the transition period，and they should have their own hobbies and enjoy life.As long as the heart is not old，life is always sweet. The four “chic grandmas” are full of enthusiasm for new things and digital life，and they live to learn.This kind of enthusiasm that is rooted in their original aspirations fills them with energy. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了四个平均年龄超过68岁的“时髦奶奶”退休后不断学习新事物，她们热爱时尚，在T台上以一种时尚的国际范儿昂首阔步地走秀。 1．What do the four “chic grandmas” have in common？(　　) A．They are professional models. B．They were engineers before retirement. C．They have a passion for fashion. D．They participated in Paris Fashion Week. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“They all share a love for fashion”可知，这四位“时髦奶奶”的共同点是她们都热爱时尚。故选C项。 2．Why did Guo Lirong start modeling？(　　) A．She studied modeling for three years. B．She happened to be asked to be a model at a friend's house. C.She likes walking down the catwalks and filming short videos. D.She has loved literature and art since she was a child. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“When she was at a friend's house by chance，she was asked to be a model.”可知，郭丽荣开始做模特是因为她碰巧被邀请去朋友家当模特。故选B项。 3．What does “the transition period” underlined in Paragraph 5 refer to？(　　) A．A period when life is nothing but sweet. B．A period when you have lost your job. C.A period when you participate in various activities. D．A period when you have just retired and have to adapt to the new life. 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语上文“After retirement，she participated in various activities，such as yoga，Latin dance and conquering catwalks.”和画线短语所在句“Tang suggested that after retirement，people should deal with the transition period，and they should have their own hobbies and enjoy life.”可知，唐在退休后，参加各种活动来适应退休后的新生活，由此可推知，画线短语“the transition period”指的是上文提到的刚刚退休后的这段时间，即退休后不得不适应新生活的这段时间。故选D项。 4．What does the story of the four “chic grandmas” tell us？(　　) A．There is no age limit，and what counts is an enthusiastic attitude to life. B．Women should try modeling even if they are old. C．Women deserve the same rights as men. D．Women have a desire for beauty and fashion no matter how old they are. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，这四位奶奶虽然岁数很大，但是她们却仍对新事物充满热情，由此可推知，这四位“时髦奶奶”告诉我们的是，年龄没有限制，年龄不重要，重要的是对生活的热情。故选A项。 B (2023·浙江省杭州市高三二模) Kenya has been at the forefront(前沿)of the global war on plastic since the government banned single-use plastics in protected areas in June 2020.Unfortunately，the preventive measures have barely received attention.Hundreds of tons of industrial and consumer polymer waste continue to get dumped into landfills daily.However，if 29-year-old Nzambi Matee has her way，the unsightly plastic heaps will soon be transformed into colorful bricks. The materials engineer's seeking to find a practical solution to control plastic pollution began in 2017.She quit her job and set up a small lab in her mother's backyard.It took her nine months to produce the first brick and even longer to convince a partner to help build the machinery to make them.But the determined eco-entrepreneur was confident in her idea and did not give up. She says，“I wanted to use my education to handle plastic waste pollution.But I was very clear that the solution had to be practical，sustainable，and affordable.The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and finding the most efficient and affordable material to build homes.” Her company produces over 1，500 bricks a day.The pavers are made using a mix of plastic products that cannot be reprocessed or recycled. The collected plastic is mixed with sand，heated at very high temperatures，and compressed(压缩)into bricks that vary in color and thickness.The resulting product is stronger，lighter，and about 30 percent cheaper than concrete bricks.More importantly，it helps repurpose the lowest quality of plastic.“There is that waste they cannot process anymore; they cannot recycle.That is what we get.” Matee says. Matee is not nearly done.Her dream is to reduce the mountain of trash to just a hill by increasing production and expanding her offerings.She says，“The more we recycle the plastic，the more we produce affordable housing，the more we created more employment for the youth.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了材料工程师Nzambi Matee通过自己的努力，创造性地解决了塑料垃圾污染的问题。 5．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 imply？(　　) A．Matee's method can be effective if adopted. B．Matee's idea has been widely accepted. C．Colorful bricks are in huge demand. D．Plastic waste hasn't attracted enough attention. 答案：A 解析：句意猜测题。根据画线句子前的However可知，该句话的意思与画线句子前的内容为转折关系，根据画线句子前“Unfortunately，the preventive measures have barely received attention.Hundreds of tons of industrial and consumer polymer waste continue to get dumped into landfills daily.”可知，政府的一些治理塑料污染的预防措施几乎没有取得实质的效果，大量的垃圾仍然被倒进垃圾填埋场。由此可知，画线句子的意思与此相反，应为“如果Matee的方法被采用可能会有效”。故选A项。 6．Which of the following can best describe Nzambi Matee？(　　) A．Generous and ambitious. B．Confident and grateful. C．Creative and resolved. D．Optimistic and modest. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“But the determined eco-entrepreneur was confident in her idea and did not give up.”可推知，Matee很有决心；根据第三段的“The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and finding the most efficient and affordable material to build homes.”可推知，她认为最好的方法是将废物引入建筑空间，这种想法很有创造性。因此Matee是一个有创造性且有决心的人。故选C项。 7．What is Nzambi Matee's ultimate purpose in using a mix of plastic products？(　　) A．To build cheaper houses. B．To support the government. C．To create job opportunities. D．To tackle plastic pollution. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，将塑料产品的混合物做成了铺路砖最终目的是解决塑料污染问题。故选D项。 8．Which of the following is the best title for the text？(　　) A．Kenya：Pioneer in Banning Plastic Single-use Plastics B．Nzambi Matee：Innovator in Solving Plastic Waste C.Mix of Plastic Products：A New Construction Material D．Plastic Recycling：A Creative Solution to Pollution 答案：B 解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段的“The materials engineer's seeking to find a practical solution to control plastic pollution began in 2017.”以及第三段的“I wanted to use my education...most efficient and affordable material to build homes.”可知，她认为解决问题的方法必须是具备实用性、持续性以及负担得起，她提出了将塑料垃圾转换成建筑空间之中的想法。故B项(Nzambi Matee：解决塑料垃圾污染问题的创新者)为最佳标题。故选B项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题6分，共30分) (2023·广东省深圳市高三第一次调研) For people who are planning a trip，a visit to a museum might not be the first thing they think of.After all，there are plenty of ways to appreciate the world's civilization，gain exciting experiences and spend quality time with family and friends.1( ) Museums are where people learn something new，at every age! Are you interested in something specific? 2( ) There，you will find yourself drawn in and inspired! Museums are a fantastic place to learn about a region's history，scientific achievements，major cultural events，and of course，dinosaurs.They also design exhibitions related to visual arts，industrial innovations and anything that inspires an individual to learn about the past and create new paths to the future. 3( ) They will surely be an exciting part of the educational experience with the main purpose to expose children to knowledge of various fields and expand their horizons.To achieve that，museums are working to create meaningful and engaging activities，interactive and knowledge-based. Museums support tourism.They are tourism promoters in small towns and large cities.Museums aren't a burden on tax revenue(税收)or a separate concern from other city projects.4( ) Statistics show that museums support more than 726，000 jobs in America. Museums shape communities.They have activities and exhibitions through which visitors can learn about local history.Museums are places where a shared heritage is celebrated and a collective identity is formed.They provide an interesting public space where people meet and talk to each other.5( ) A．Museums bring out the best qualities in children. B．Museums often deliver kids-centered exhibitions. C．Instead，they generate funding and fuel employment. D．Then，visit a local museum to learn about that subject. E．Even shopping at the gift shop there is an opportunity for connection. F．On the contrary，they consume a small percentage of city funds annually. G．The fact，however，is that museums offer magical benefits in many ways. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了博物馆的多项社会性功能。 1．答案：G 解析：根据上文可知，对于计划旅行的人来说，他们有很多选择，但博物馆不是人们的首选地点。下文各段介绍了博物馆的好处。G项(然而，事实是博物馆在许多方面提供了神奇的好处。)承上启下，点明本文的主题。 2．答案：D 解析：根据上文“Museums are where people learn something new，at every age！”可知，博物馆是任何年龄段的人们学习新东西的地方。空前一句“Are you interested in something specific？”寻求是否有特别感兴趣的东西。D项(然后，去当地的博物馆了解一下这个主题。)承接上文。D项中的“that subject”指代上文中的“something specific”。 3．答案：B 解析：根据下文“They will surely be an exciting part of the educational experience with the main purpose to expose children to knowledge of various fields and expand their horizons.”可知，博物馆可以让孩子们接受教育。B项(博物馆经常举办以儿童为中心的展览。)符合语境。下文中They指的是B项中的“kids-centered exhibitions”。 4．答案：C 解析：根据段落中心句“Museums support tourism.”可知，博物馆支持旅游业。根据空前一句“Museums aren't a burden on tax revenue(税收)or a separate concern from other city projects.”和空后一句“Statistics show that museums support more than 726，000 jobs in America.”可知，C项(相反，它们可以产生资金并创造就业。)承接上下文，符合语境。C项中的“generate funding”和上文的“aren't a burden on tax revenue(税收)”相呼应，“fuel employment”和下文的“support more than 726，000 jobs”相呼应。 5．答案：E 解析：根据上文“Museums shape communities.”可知，博物馆有塑造社区的功能。根据空前一句“They provide an interesting public space where people meet and talk to each other.”可知，E项(即使是在礼品店购物，也有机会建立联系。)承接上文，符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题3分，共30分) (2023·山东省菏泽市高三一模) Decorated with Chinese-style red lanterns，the pavilion(展馆)of translated Chinese books saw a big turnout of book lovers at the 54th edition of Cairo International Book Fair，the 1 (large) book fair in Egypt. The pavilion 2 (display) during the fair about 1，000 book titles in Arabic and English on Chinese culture，history，literature，economy，and among many others.Visitors 3 different ages frequented the pavilion of Chinese books.Some parents picked children's books for their kids and some young people 4 (attract) to books on Chinese culture，history and development. A high school student，5 was picking a book on Chinese history，said that China has overcome numerous problems throughout its history while the Chinese wisdom is shown in their literature，thoughts and philosophy.Noura Gamal，a junior student of Chinese，said 6 attracted him most was the Chinese culture and people.He desired 7 (learn)more about China，an ancient civilization with a unique language，history，literature and culture. The Chinese pavilion participates in the fair with many rich book titles that increase every year in a very successful effort to bring the 8 (culture) of Egypt and China closer.It is 9 (wide) acknowledged that China's great development is one of the reasons for the 10 (grow) popularity of Chinese books. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着中国的巨大发展，在埃及最大的书展——第54届开罗国际书展上，中国图书受到了国外人士的热烈欢迎这一现象。 1．答案：largest 解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据空前定冠词the可知，本空应用形容词最高级形式。故填largest。 2．答案：displayed 解析：考查动词的时态。根据上段中谓语动词saw 和后句中谓语动词frequented可知，本空动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填displayed。 3．答案：of 解析：考查介词。of different ages意为“不同年龄的”，故本空应用介词of。故填of。 4．答案：were attracted 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据空前动词picked可知，本空应用一般过去时，且句子主语people与动词attract之间为被动关系，主语为复数。故填were attracted。 5．答案：who 解析：考查定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词A high school student，本空在从句中作主语，指人，故本空应用关系代词who。 6．答案：what 解析：考查名词性从句。本空引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 7．答案：to learn 解析：考查非谓语动词。desire to do sth意为“渴望做某事”，故本空应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to learn。 8．答案：cultures 解析：考查名词的单复数。根据空后of Egypt and China可知，本空表示两种文化，应用名词复数形式。故填cultures。 9．答案：widely 解析：考查词性转换。本空修饰acknowledged，应用副词作状语。故填widely。 10．答案：growing 解析：考查词性转换。本空修饰名词popularity，应用形容词growing作定语，意为“增长的，增强的”。 B卷 (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A (2023·山西省阳泉市高三三模) At the age of seven，while his friends were spending their pocket money on unimportant things like candy and toys，Jose was busy saving money for more necessary things.To try to get his peers to do the same，the youngster from Peru came up with the new idea of an eco-bank，which allows kids of all ages to become economically independent and financially intelligent while also helping the environment. Founded in 2012，the Bartselana Student Bank is the world's first cooperative bank for kids.Possible members have to bring in at least 5 kilograms of solid waste and set a savings goal.Once accepted，all bank partners are required to bank at least one additional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis.The waste is sold to local recycling companies.The funds received are placed in the individual's account where they collect until his/her savings goal is reached.The account holder can then take out his/her money，or choose to leave it and continue to grow for a bigger goal. The youngster's determination paid off，and by 2013，the Bartselana Student Bank had over 200 members.Things have only improved since.Today，the eco-bank is proud of ten educational centers.They are designed to teach over 3，000 teenagers to become economically independent，invest wisely，and help the environment.Now the Bartselana Student Bank began accepting applications from kids all across Peru.Not surprisingly，Jose's efforts have earned the youngster several national and international awards，which won him about $5，500. “Jose's eco-bank is a brilliant way of linking economy and climate effect，both in thought and practice.The system clearly shows that the planet's common resources are limited and that we must recycle the products we no longer use，” a judge said.“It creates viewpoint of consumption(消费).This way caring about the environment becomes an investment，a system that gives children both economic independence and power to influence the climate.The potential impact is amazing.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jose创立了一家秘鲁生态银行，向孩子们教授金融和循环利用的故事。 1．In which aspect does Jose stand out from other kids？(　　) A．He did better at studies. B．He didn't like candy and toys. C．He managed his pocket money more wisely. D．He came from a wealthy family background. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“At the age of seven...more necessary things.”可知，Jose比其他孩子突出的点在于可以更明智地管理零花钱。故选C项。 2．What does “all bank partners” in Paragraph 2 refer to？(　　) A．Local recycling companies. B．The kids bringing in recyclables. C．The bank staff working in the bank. D．The customers saving money. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Founded in 2012，the Bartselana Student Bank is the world's first cooperative bank for kids.”及“Once accepted，all bank partners are required to bank at least one additional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis.”可知，画线词“all bank partners”指的是带来可回收垃圾的儿童。故选B项。 3．What does the author mainly want to tell us by the examples in Paragraph 3？(　　) A．Jose's pioneering efforts were richly rewarded. B．Jose helped 3，000 teenagers pay off their debts. C.Jose contributed to the environmental protection. D.Jose's idea helped him win a prize worth $5，500. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“The youngster's determination paid off，and by 2013，the Bartselana Student Bank had over 200 members.”和“Not surprisingly，Jose's efforts have earned the youngster several national and international awards，which won him about $5，500.”可知，第三段主要通过事例讲述了Jose的努力所得到的回报。故选A项。 4．What is the best title for the text？(　　) A．Kids in Peru Are Changing Their Consumption Habits B．Peru Kids Learned to Become Economically Independent C．Jose's Idea is Raising Viewpoints of Environmental Protection D．A Peru Eco-Bank Teaches Kids About Finance And Recycling 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段的“Founded in 2012，the Bartselana Student Bank is the world's first cooperative bank for kids.”及最后一段的“This way caring about...influence the climate.”及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了秘鲁的一家生态银行向孩子们教授金融和循环利用。故D项为最佳标题。故选D项。 B (2023·河北省保定市高三一模) The two terms nature and nurture have been subjects of comparison since the 16th century.The argument is centered on the question as to whether it is nature or nurture that makes us who we are. Nature provides the starting point for an organism that will interact with nurture，the environment，during the organism's life.Nature does not just affect an organism during its lifetime，but it also can directly affect the expression of genes in offspring(后代).For the geneticists，they believe that our lives are entirely determined by genetics，which is nature.An opposing view is that there is no indication that genes(基因)determines one's personality，rather there is growing evidence that nurture serves as the determining factor in personality development. Nurture refers to the conditions under which living things grow and develop after birth.When applied to human beings，it means how the person is raised，which includes nutrition，education，care，as well as the kind of surroundings，such as cultural influence，family and friends. The argument of nature and nurture as to which is more important is necessitated by an attempt to differentiate how much effect genetics has on a person's development against how easily humans are influenced by one's environment. While nurture undeniably plays its part on the growth and development of one's personality，nature dramatically outweighs nurture，for nature can be likened to a foundation.The impact of nurture on the development of persons cannot be totally denied.However，nature is regarded as being of most importance because of the fact that it affords an opportunity and creates a foundation and the basis for the question of nurture to arise at the very first instance.Even without nurture，the nature impact can still stand independently without necessarily causing destruction.More so，even when the nurture impact is successfully effected，it does not remove the genetic characteristics of a person.It therefore stands correctly that nature is that which determines the substance of a person. 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们。 5．What can we learn from Paragraph 2？(　　) A．Nature's role is supported by additional evidence. B．Personality development is determined by nurture. C．Nature impacts gene expression in later generation. D．Environment shapes personality more than genetics. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Nature provides the starting point...affect an organism during its lifetime，but it also can directly affect the expression of genes in offspring(后代).”可知，先天影响后代的基因表达。故选C项。 6．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about？(　　) A．What nurture means to human beings. B．How living things develop after birth. C．How nurture shapes human development. D．How surroundings influence human beings. 答案：A 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，第三段主要讨论了后天对人类意味着什么。故选A项。 7．How does the author stress the greater importance of nature？(　　) A．By giving examples. B．By making contrast. C.By conducting experiments. D．By citing research data. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“While nurture undeniably plays its part...likened to a foundation.”可推知，作者通过对比强调了先天的重要性。故选B项。 8．What is the best title for the text？(　　) A．A Long Story of Nature and Nurture B．A New Research on Nature and Nurture C．Who Can Tell What Makes Who We Are? D．Which Is More Important，Nature or Nurture? 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段内容及下文论述可知，本文主要论述了究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们。故D项(先天和后天，哪个更重要？)为最佳标题。故选D项。 Ⅱ.读后续写(共60分) (2023·深圳市高级中学高三模拟预测) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I looked up from my desk to see the teacher writing on the board：“Battle of the Books！” She smiled and said，“This time it's a teamwork.You're going to be in teams of two，and set a reading goal.Every team that meets their goal by the end of the month will get a prize！” The lunch bell sounded before she could explain any more rules. As I gathered my things，Liya passed my desk and said，“Teammates？” Since Liya and I shared the same interest in graphic novel(漫画小说)，and we took Hindi language class together，we teamed up automatically.I was both relieved and excited to have my team.Then we got to the cafeteria and quickly threw out a bunch of ideas of what to do at our table. I looked to our third friend Kash，with whom the three of us always do stuff together，“Kash，do you have ideas for us？” “Why would I give you guys ideas？” he said gloomily(阴沉地).“I'll save that for my team...whoever that is.Now I see how I rank in the friendship lineup.” Kash replied in an angry tone. I knew he was mad for a reason.If I were him，not only would I think that I ranked last in that group，but I'd also be panicking about what team I could join.But now，I was on the inside and Kash wasn't.I felt like the only way to fix this would be three people on a team.So，as the teacher walked by our table，I asked for her permission.What surprised me was that she had intended to draw names to assign random groups，but didn't get a chance to say it before lunch. Awkward and frustrated，we were stuck in this dilemma.Having first teamed up without Kash didn't mean we didn't like him.I knew we—especially I—wouldn't be able to enjoy any prize if our friend felt bad about being left out.So，I decided to do something to make it up for him and convince Kash he was an equal friend. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 That night，I was struck by an idea as I read a graphic novel that all three of us liked. The next day，I handed my pages of apology to Kash. 【参考范文】 That night，I was struck by an idea as I read a graphic novel that all three of us liked.Thrilled and inspired，I sprang in front of my desk，racked my brains and started drawing a few scenes of three of us giggling，chattering and enjoying each other's company like we usually did.On the last page，I wrote，“Dear Kash，you are not the one left behind.Liya and I are so sorry about the way we messed things up.” Pierced to the heart with guilt，I gingerly tucked the paintings into an envelope，hoping this would be an icebreaker. The next day，I handed my pages of apology to Kash.He took it，looking surprised at the first sight.After he read it，an expression of intense joy illuminated his eyes.Blushed，I broke the silence，“I'm sorry，dude.We should have talked to you.” With her eyes fixed on the floor，Liya came over and apologized in a low voice，“You mean a lot to us.” Hearing her words，Kash shook his head and beamed，“I was way too sensitive.” We exchanged a knowing smile，realizing that sincerity，trust and communication were always the key to clearing up the misunderstanding between friends. 学生用书↓第83页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$