主题素养练案(13)（练习word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版2020）

　Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·云南高中毕业生统一检测) Europe's Best Upcoming Food Festivals Matstreif (Oslo, Norway), July 11－12 With a wide variety of dishes available at wallet­sparing prices, this event sees more than 200 food stalls open for business in Oslo's City Hall Square. Bold foodies should try “rakfisk”—rotten fish.If that sounds a bit much，there's always “svele”，a kind of pancake that originates from western Norway. Loch Lomond Food and Drink Festival (Loch Lomond，Scotland)，August 4－6 The 10th annual edition of this festival offers one of the best showcases for Scottish produce.On the menu are local specialties and venison(鹿肉)from the surrounding national park. For those who like a competitive edge with their lunch, there's even a “haggis” eating contest that pits eight hungry visitors against each other to see who can eat a pound of the local food quickest. Stuttgarter Weindorf (Stuttgart, Germany), August 21－25 This food festival celebrates wine on the land of beer. German wine is obviously underrated.Stuttgart's annual Weindorf sees 28 open­air restaurants serving more than 500 wines from Baden and Württemberg，with reds, whites, roses and sparkling versions all available. Fresh pretzels and chocolates will also be available to help mop up the alcohol. Cheese 2015 (Bra，Italy), August 27－September 2 The name is a bit of a giveaway here.This bi­annual event sees Italy's best cheese makers gather on the small town of Bra. It's free to visit, although plenty of euros are needed to pay for samples and try out some of the courses on offer.Whatever they are hunting for, cheese lovers will be well taken care of.They just need to make sure there's time for a post­cheese snooze (小睡) before the next round of cheese tasting. [语篇解读]本文是应用文。吃客们有福了，欧洲的美食节欢迎你们！文章介绍了四个最好的欧洲美食节的时间、特色及活动等。 1．What can visitors do at the food festival in Norway? A．Try some pancakes. B．Eat a pound of haggis. C．Drink red and white wines. D．Buy samples of cheese. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据Matstreif (Oslo，Norway)，July 11－12下的“If that sounds a bit much, there's always ‘svele’， a kind of pancake that originates from western Norway”可知，游客如果不喜欢吃鱼，那么可以吃起源于挪威西部的煎饼“svele”，由此可知，游客们可以在挪威的Matstreif美食节上品尝煎饼，故选A。 2．Where can people join in an eating competition? A．In Oslo，Norway. B．In Loch Lomond，Scotland. C．In Stuttgart，Germany D．In Bra，Italy. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据Loch Lomond Food and Drink Festival ( Loch Lomond, Scotland), August 4－6下的“there's even a ‘haggis’ eating contest that pits eight hungry visitors against each other to see who can eat a pound of the local food quickest”可知，游客们可以在苏格兰洛蒙德湖美食节上参加一场快吃比赛，故选B。 3．Which food festival lasts longest? A．Matstreif. B．Loch Lomond Food and Drink Festival. C．Stuttgarter Weindorf. D．Cheese 2015. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章黑体信息可知，挪威奥斯陆美食节持续两天，苏格兰洛蒙德湖美食节持续三天，德国斯图加特美食节持续五天，意大利布拉美食节持续七天。由此可知，意大利布拉美食节持续时间最长，故选D。 B (2024·石家庄学业年级教学质量检测)Foods high in sugar are unhealthy, but these additives are too delicious for many of us to give up or reduce in a way.What if we could somehow enjoy their taste without actually eating them？A student team has now designed a spoon with a structure that stimulates taste buds (味蕾) to produce a sense of sweetness without adding calories or chemicals.The project follows previous work involving flavor­enhancing cutlery like chopsticks that increase sweetness with a mild electric current. The five undergraduate and graduate research students wanted to create a new spoon called Sugarware for people with such disorders as diabetes, with which sugar is largely off their menu. The new spoon would have several bumps (凸块) on its underside to press against the tongue.The bumps can be covered with a permanent layer of molecules (分子) called ligands.These ligands bond with taste­cell receptor proteins that typically react to sugar molecules or artificial sweeteners.The bond can activate nerve signals, causing the brain to register a sense of sweetness.A dinner could thus stimulate sweetness receptors without actual intake of sugar or artificial sweeteners. This idea is similar to the previous work, in that they all use cutlery to enhance taste without a user having to actually consume any sugar.“But the mechanism for stimulating the taste buds is completely different，”Shiyu Xu, one of the student researchers, says “It uses bumps and taste­bud­stimulating molecules rather than electricity.” The idea is “very creative，”says Paola Almeida, who is the global director of corporate innovation at candy maker Mars.But the product's commercial success would require a significant behavioral shift among consumers：instead of adding the usual sugar or artificial sweeteners，“now we're saying, ‘Use this cutlery’，” Almeida says.“It remains to be seen whether flavor­enhancing cutlery will catch on.” [语篇解读]本文是说明文。由本科生和研究生组成的五人小组研发了一种通过刺激味蕾产生甜味的新勺子，其工作机制是用餐者可以在不摄入糖或人工甜味剂的情况下刺激甜味受体。 4．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How the new invention works. B．How a diner feels sweetness. C．How ligands and proteins link. D．How sugar molecules function. 解析：选A。段落大意题。通读第三段可知，此段主要介绍了Sugarware底部的凸块以及凸块的作用，即这种勺子的工作原理，故选A。 5．In what way is the previous flavor­enhancing cutlery different from Sugarware? A．It makes food more delicious. B．It sends out signals to the brain. C．It uses electricity to enhance taste. D．It reduces users' food consumption. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是该段的“It uses bumps and taste­bud­stimulating molecules rather than electricity”可知，Sugarware使用凸块和刺激味蕾的分子，而以前的调味餐具使用电。由此可知，不同于Sugarware，以前的调味餐具使用电刺激味蕾，故选C。 6．What is Paola Almeida's attitude to the future of Sugarware? A．Positive. B．Uncertain. C．Critical. D．Worried. 解析：选B。观点态度题。根据最后一段中Paola Almeida所说的话“It remains to be seen whether flavor­enhancing cutlery will catch on”可知，Paola Almeida认为调味餐具是否会流行起来还有待观察，即她对这种勺子的未来持不确定的观点，故选B。 7．What's the best title for the text? A．Struggling for Low Sugar？—Try This Spoon B．Looking for Delicious Food？—This Is How C．Working for Commercial Success？—Be Creative D．Dieting for Better Health？—Mind Sweeteners 解析：选A。标题归纳题。这篇文章主要介绍了一种新型调味勺子，可使用餐者在不摄入糖的情况下刺激甜味受体。A项“在为低糖挣扎？——试试这个勺子吧”点明文章主题，最适合作本文标题。故选A。 C (2024·泉州高中毕业班检测)Scientists say the plant enset，an Ethiopian staple (主食)，could be a new super food and a lifesaver in the face of climate change.“This is a crop that can play a really important role in addressing food security and sustainable development，”said a university professor in Awasa，Ethiopia. The enset，or the “false banana”，is a close relative of the banana but is consumed only in one part of Ethiopia.The banana­like fruit of the plant is inedible (不宜食用的)，but the stems and roots can be processed to make porridge and bread. However，Ethiopia is isolated (隔离) by dry lowlands，which are unsuitable for the enset to grow.And the procedures for enset raising and preparing require special knowledge.Therefore，despite its wild relatives distributing across Africa，the enset is only used as a crop in Ethiopia and has never been widely adopted elsewhere. Using agricultural surveys and modelling work，scientists found the crop could potentially feed more than 100 million people and boost food security in Ethiopia and other African countries. The study researcher Dr James Borrell of the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew，said planting the enset as an alternative crop for tough times could help support food security.“It's got some really unusual characteristics that make it absolutely unique as a crop，” he said.Reaching ten meters tall，as few as 15 enset plants can feed a person for a year.Also，it has flexible harvest times，is stored well，and is relatively drought and disease tolerant.All these features have earned it the name“the tree against hunger”． There is growing interest in seeking new plants to feed the world.Nearly half of all the calories we eat come from three species—rice，wheat，and corn.“We need to diversify the plants we use globally as a staple because all our eggs are in a very small basket at the moment，”said Dr Borrell. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。该篇文章介绍了只能生长在埃塞俄比亚的一种植物，这种超级食物可以在解决食物安全和可持续发展方面发挥真正重要的作用。 8．What can we know about the enset? A．It is widely consumed in Ethiopia. B．Its stems and roots can serve as a staple. C．It is mainly grown in dry lowlands. D．It distributes throughout the world. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The banana­like fruit...make porridge and bread”可知，这种香蕉模样的植物的果实无法食用，但其根茎可以被加工后做成粥和面包，即它们可以被食用，故选项B正确。 9．What affects the wide adoption of the enset? A．Lack of related knowledge. B．Poor quality of farmland. C．Low productivity. D．Strict storage conditions. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And the procedures for enset raising and preparing require special knowledge...widely adopted elsewhere”可知，这种植物培育和准备的过程需要专业知识，从而导致尽管它的野生近亲分布在非洲各地，但它只在埃塞俄比亚被用作作物。由此可知缺乏相关的专业知识影响了它的广泛采用，故选项A正确。 10．Which aspect of the enset is talked about in Paragraph 5? A．Its advantages. B．Its edibility. C．Its variety. D．Its distribution. 解析：选A。段落大意题。第五段介绍了这种植物的高度带来的好处、灵活的收获时间、易储存并相对耐旱和抗病等，再结合该段前两句可知，此段主要讲述了这种植物的优点。A项“它的优点”，B项“它的可食性”，C项“它的多样性”，D项“它的分布”。故选项A正确。 11．What does Dr Borrell mean in the last paragraph? A．People are fed up with existing staples. B．A world of biodiversity is needed. C．Crop varieties should be increased. D．Food security has been addressed. 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中Borrell博士的话“We need to diversify the plants...at the moment”可知，Borrell博士认为我们需要使我们在全球范围内用作主食的植物多样化，故选项C正确。文中的diversify与选项C中的varieties相呼应。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·南京高三调研)Rene Campbell has devoted most of her life to shaping her figure into one completely against what society thinks a woman should look like. “I was always very insecure about my body image，as everyone seemed to know for sure that women needed to look a certain way，”she says when reflecting on her motivation to transform herself.1.________ For quite some time，she struggled with eating disorders because she was trying to keep her weight really low and appear skinny，like the women on magazine covers.2.________It was then that she became attracted by the way these seemingly confident women held themselves. However，building her dream body—gaining over 85 pounds，going from a size 8 to 14—has had its challenges，too.“3.________When I tell them that I am a female bodybuilder，the first reaction is，‘Muscles of women are just not attractive，’”Campbell says.Though she loves the way she now looks，she is sometimes treated with cruelty. 4．________Even though there is a huge market encouraging women to build muscles and tighten their figures，the ideal still stands for smaller waists，and thin legs，the so­called perfect figure.For women to build up strong muscles，it takes a strong heart. “I gradually learn to ignore others' voices and become committed to the training.It is a very big shift for me，and it has won me plenty of awards.5.________My bodybuilding journey makes me realize that I need to do things for myself，”Campbell says. A．She was constantly feeling under pressure. B．Women have to pay a huge price to build a slim figure. C．It does bring a sense of confidence and mental strength. D．The body of super­muscular women is considered unwelcome. E．Luckily，Campbell was chosen to shoot for one of the magazines. F．People don't understand why women would want to be muscular. G．Purely by chance，Campbell attended a women's bodybuilding show. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。Rene Campbell女士将她生活的大部分时间都用于改变自己的身材。起初她也喜欢所谓的完美身材——细腰瘦腿，但后来才意识到，对女性而言，不必在意他人的言语，女性也可以拥有强健的肌肉。 1．解析：选A。根据空前内容可知，Rene Campbell在为自己的身材焦虑；根据空后内容可知，她因为努力让自己变瘦而患上了进食障碍。由此可知，空处应说明在社会意义上对女性身材的要求给Rene Campbell造成的负面影响。故A项承上启下，符合语境。 2．解析：选G。根据空后一句可知，就在那时，Rene Campbell被这些看似自信的女性保持自我的方式吸引。故该空会涉及在什么时候发生的这件事。G项“纯偶然的一次机会，Rene Campbell参加了一个女性健身节目”符合语境。 3．解析：选F。根据空后一句可知，Rene Campbell告诉他们自己是女性健美者时，他们的第一反应是女性的肌肉没有那么吸引人。F项“人们不理解为什么女性想要变得强壮”承接下文，符合语境。 4．解析：选D。根据空后内容可知，尽管有一个巨大的市场鼓励女性增肌塑形，但理想的身材意味着细腰瘦腿，即所谓的完美身材。女性要想锻炼出强健的肌肉，需要一颗坚强的心。由此说明，大众并不喜欢女性的肌肉身材。D项符合语境。 5．解析：选C。根据上文内容可知，Rene Campbell渐渐开始忽略别人的声音，致力于形体训练，这给她带来了很大的改变，也为她赢得了很多奖项；根据下文内容可知，健身之路让她意识到她该为自己做些什么。由此可推知，空处应说明健身为Rene Campbell带来的积极影响。故C项符合语境。 【二次精读积语料】 核心 单词 A篇 showcase n．(商店或博物馆等的)玻璃柜台，玻璃陈列柜 v．展示　menu n．菜单　competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争力的　giveaway n．泄漏；免费样品，赠品　sample n．样品；样本 B篇 stimulate v．刺激；鼓励；激励　artificial adj.人工的，人造的；人为的；非自然的　activate v．使活动；激活；使活化　intake n．(食物、饮料等的)摄取量，吸入量　enhance v．提高；增强；增进　innovation n．创造；创新；改革 C篇 consume v．吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(燃料、能量、时间等)　process v．加工　alternative adj.可供替代的 核心 短语 A篇 a wide variety of 种种，多种多样　originate from 来自……， 源于…… B篇 in that 因为，原因是　catch on 受欢迎；流行起来；变得时髦 C篇 in the face of即使面对(问题、困难等)　play an important role in...在某方面起重要作用 熟词 生义 C篇 address 常用义：n.地址→文章义：v.设法解决；处理；对付　raise 常用义：v.筹募→文章义：v.种植，培育 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$