Unit 4 Exploring literature（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版2020）

Unit 4　Exploring literature 重点词汇 (一)阅读常见词——记牢 1．earnest 　　　adj.非常认真的；诚实的，真诚的 2．literature n．文学 3．chapter n．章节；篇章 4．autobiography n．自传(助记：前缀auto­＋biography) 5．element n．元素 6．weave vi.& vt.(weaved，weaved)迂回行进，穿行；(wove，woven)编 (二)多义辨析词——认清 1．launch vt.使(船)下水；开始从事，发动 n．上市；发射，发起 2．issue n．重要议题，争论的问题；问题，担忧；(报刊)一期 vt.宣布，公布 3．mean adj.吝啬的，小气的；不善良的；刻薄的 vt.意欲；打算；意味着 4．contain vt.包含，含有，容纳；控制，克制，抑制(感情) 5．novel n．(长篇)小说 adj.新颖的；与众不同的；珍奇的 (三)核心必背词——用活 1．be sensitive to water temperature　　 对水温非常敏感 2．heart and soul 全心全意地 3．contain a great number of details 包含了大量的细节 4．the feature of the novel 小说的特点 5．the gap between import and export 进口与出口之间的差距 6．a specific topic 一个特定的话题 7．on the stage 在台上 8．destroy the valuable painting 破坏了这幅贵重的画 9．suffer defeat 遭受失败 10．at the first attempt 第一次尝试 11．a flash of anger 怒上心头　　　 拓展词汇 1.devote vt.致力于；献身→devoted adj.忠实的，忠诚的；挚爱的→devotion n．奉献；挚爱；忠诚 2．appeal vi.有吸引力；有感染力；上诉，申诉；呼吁，恳请 n．吸引力；申诉；呼吁→appealing adj.吸引人的；恳求的 3．determine vt.确定；决心；支配 vi.决心→determination n．决心；坚定→determined adj.坚决的；下定决心的 4．significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的→significance n．意义；含义→significantly adv.显著地；意味深长地 5．describe vt.描述→description n．描述，形容，说明 6．reflect vt.& vi.反映，显示，映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思→reflection n．倒影；反映；映像；思考 7．awake adj.醒着的→awaken vt.& vi.唤起，被唤起；(使) 醒来 8．permanent adj.长久的；永久的；永恒的→permanence n．永久；持久性 9．summary n．总结，概括，概要→summarise v．总结，概括；概述 10.particular adj.特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的→particularly adv.特别，尤其 11．collect vt.收集，聚集，募捐→collection n．(同类)收藏品；作品集；募捐 12．transport vt.运输，运送 n．交通运输系统；交通车辆；运输→transportation n．运输；交通工具，运输工具 13．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generously adv.慷慨地；大方地→generosity n．慷慨，大方，宽宏大量 14．poet n．诗人→poem n．诗；韵文→poetry n．诗集，诗歌(总称) 15．extreme adj.& n．极端(的)；极度(的)→extremely adv.极其，非常，极端 16．confuse v．使混乱；使困惑；使糊涂→confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的→confused adj.糊涂的；迷惑的；不清楚的；混乱的→confusion n．困惑；混乱 重点短语 1.devote oneself to　 致力，专心，献身 (点拨：to是介词，后跟动词­ing形式) 2．in store (for sb) 即将发生(在某人身上)，等待着(某人) 3．in summary 总的来说(同义：in short) 4．ought to 应该，应当 5．in particular 尤其，特别(同义：particularly) 6．clear up (头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理 7．be on the point of doing sth 正要做某事 8．appeal to 对……有吸引力；向……呼吁 (点拨：to是介词，后跟动词­ing形式) 9．be capable of 有能力；能够 10．lie in 在于 11．pull on 拉动 12．hold on 坚持；抓住 13．take on 呈现；承担 14．get over 克服 15．come across (偶然)遇见 (同义：encounter，run across，meet with) 单元佳句 1.A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear.(be doing...when...正在做……这时……) 2．What amazed the child was not a new world，but the unnoticed music of the old.(what引导主语从句) 3．Behind every book is a man，behind the man is the race，and behind the race are the natural and social environments.(全部倒装) 4．In a word，we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.(where 引导定语从句，修饰一个表示抽象地点的名词) 5．Never have I seen a greater，or more beautiful，or a calmer or more noble thing than you，brother.(否定词位于句首的部分倒装) 6．The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving in the air.(with复合结构) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．一个孩子和一名男子正在海滩上散步，这时孩子发现了一枚贝壳，把它放到了耳边。 2．让孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视的乐音。 3．每本书背后都有一个人，此人身后是一个族群，这个族群背后是自然和社会环境。 4．总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。 5．我从来没有见过比你更庞大、更美丽、更冷静或更高贵的家伙，兄弟。 6．鱼正正身子，又慢慢地游开，大尾巴在海面上绕来绕去。 词汇语境串记 　　There are many respectable people around us.They may be our teachers，parents or one of our elders.As for me，my uncle Marin is the person I respect most.Now，I give you a brief introduction about him. Marin is a noble man belonging to the upper class.He devotes himself to literature and has made significant achievements.He has a large collection of books，containing some famous classic novels which have been donated to the local libraries.So people in our town respect him for his generosity．Besides，he has a sensitive soul and often shows sympathy for the old.I remember he once told me that no one knows what life has in store for us.He also appeals to some authors to donate some of their books to the libraries.Because of his kindness and generosity，some suggest that a biography should be written for him.It reflects their earnest respect for my uncle. [遮住左栏，忆加黑词汇] 我们周围有很多值得尊敬的人。他们可能是我们的老师、父母，也可能是我们的长辈之一。至于我，我的叔叔马林是我最尊敬的人。现在，我给你简要介绍一下他。 马林是一个属于上层阶级的贵族。他致力于文学事业，取得了重大成就。他收藏了大量的书籍，其中包括一些已捐赠给当地图书馆的著名经典小说。所以我们镇上的人们都因他的慷慨而尊重他。此外，他有一个敏感的灵魂，经常对老人表示同情。我记得他曾经告诉我，没有人知道生活即将发生什么。他还呼吁一些作家捐赠他们的一些书给图书馆。由于他的善良和慷慨，一些人建议应该为他写一本传记。这反映了他们对我叔叔的诚挚的尊敬。 Ⅰ.默写单词(每空1分，满分20分) 1．sensitive 　　 adj.感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的 2．awaken vt.& vi.唤起，被唤起；(使)醒来 3．launch vt.使(船)下水；开始从事，发动 n．上市；发射，发起 4．contain vt.包含，含有，容纳 5．element n．要素，基本部分 6．universal adj.普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的 7．feature n．特色，特征 vt.以……为特色，是……的特征 8．issue n．重要议题，争论的问题；问题，担忧；(报刊)一期 vt.宣布，公布 9．novel n．(长篇)小说 10．upper adj.上部的；上面的 11．gap n．差距；间隙 12．specific adj.特定的；明确的，具体的 13．topic n．话题；题目；标题 14．section n．部分，部门；部件，散件 15．mean adj.吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的 16．stage n．舞台；阶段；步骤 vt.上演，举办 17．destroy vt.摧毁，毁灭，破坏 18．defeat vt.击败，战胜 n．失败，战败；击败 19．noble adj.贵族的，高贵的；崇高的；宏伟的 20．flash n．闪光；闪现 vt.& vi.(使)闪光；(使)闪现 Ⅱ.默写短语(每空2.5分，满分25分) 1．devote oneself to　　 致力，专心，献身 2．in store (for sb) 即将发生(在某人身上)，等待着(某人) 3．in summary 总的来说 4．ought to 应该，应当 5．in particular 尤其，特别 6．appeal to 对……有吸引力；向……呼吁 7．be capable of 有能力；能够 8．lie in 在于 9．hold on 坚持；抓住 10．get over 克服 Ⅲ.词形变化填空(每空2分，满分44分) 1．We are going to hold a party to celebrate our accomplishment (accomplish)． 2．I spotted a cleaner dressed in a reflective coat staring at his reflection in the river.(reflect) 3．It is universally acknowledged that English is a universal language in the world.(universe) 4．He described the robbery in detail to the policeman and his description was very valuable.(describe) 5．Sue is a determined girl, so we know that once she has made up her mind, she will make her dream come true with great determination．(determine) 6．Environmentalists are concerned that such destructive activities are likely to cause the destruction of the earth.(destroy) 7．The old collector likes old paintings and his house is said to build up a fine art collection．(collect) 8．Tom is a guy with generosity,__and he always gives his hand generously whenever people among his neighborhood need help.(generous) 9．Two interviewers confused me by asking so many confusing questions.I was totally confused,__standing there in confusion,__not knowing what to do.(confuse) 10．The doctor devoted his life to his work, and his devotion to his job is admired by everyone, including some of his devoted friends.(devote) Ⅳ.句式仿写(第1、2题每小题4分，第3题3分，满分11分) 1．句型公式：全部倒装 正站在教室外的是一位男孩，他低着头，静静地哭着。(动作描写) Standing outside the classroom is a boy，lowering his head and crying silently. 2．句式公式：be doing...when... 我正匆忙上楼梯，这时我光着的一只脚卡在了一节台阶上。(动作描写) I was walking upstairs in a hurry when one of my bare feet got stuck on the step. 3．句式公式：with复合结构 看到孩子们为她做的早餐，母亲既高兴又感动，泪水涌出了眼眶。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) At the sight of the breakfast her children made for her，the mother felt happy and moved with tears welling up in her eyes． 1．devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devoted adj.深爱的；忠诚的→devotion n．奉献；忠诚；挚爱 ·devote...to (doing) sth 把……奉献给；把……专注于 devote oneself to (doing) sth 致力于/献身于/专心于(做)某事 ·be devoted to (doing) sth 专心于/致力于(做)某事 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)Responsible and devoted (devote) to community work，he is praised by the people around.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ) (2)更重要的是，她不仅在学术研究中排名第一，还经常在业余时间帮助别人。(人物介绍) What's more, she is also ranked top in academic study and often devotes her spare time to helping others． (3)因为对中国文化感兴趣，所以长期以来你一直致力于书法，向大师学习，每天练习。 Interested in Chinese culture, you have long been devoted to calligraphy, learning from masters and keeping practicing every day. 2．appeal vi.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求；上诉 n．吸引力；呼吁；上诉；请求→appealing adj.有吸引力的；恳求的 ·appeal to sb 吸引某人，使某人感兴趣 appeal to sb for sth 为某事呼吁/恳求某人 appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁/恳求某人做某事 ·make an appeal to sb for sth/to do sth 为某事呼吁/恳求某人；恳求/呼吁某人做某事 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)Harry Potter stories are so appealing (appeal) that they encourage children to read more. (2)海洋对我们人类来说非常重要，所以我呼吁每个人来保护它们。(倡议书，2022·全国甲卷) ①Oceans are quite significant to us humans，so I appeal to everyone to protect them．(appeal vi.) ②Oceans are of quite significance to us humans，so I make an appeal to everyone to protect them．(appeal n．) 3．determine vt.确定；支配；决心 vi.决心→determined adj.坚决的，下定决心的→determination n．坚定；决心 ·determine to do sth 决心做某事(表动作) determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定(做)某事 ·be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表状态) 【多维训练】　写作迁移 受到我的话的激励，大卫决心成为一个意志坚强的人。他非常坚定地跑到了起跑线上。看着他那坚定的表情，我被他内心的勇气感动了。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Inspired by my words，David ①was determined to be a strong­willed person.②With great determination，he ran to the starting line.③Looking at his determined face，I was touched by his inner courage. 4．reflect vt.& vi.反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思→reflection n．反射；反映；映像；思考 ·reflect...in... 在……中映出……的影像 be reflected in 倒映在；反映在 reflect on/upon sth 反省/认真思考某事 ·on/upon reflection 再三考虑 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)Hearing my words，he hung his head，lost in deep reflection (reflect)． (2)In summary，don't be afraid of mistakes，you have to learn by reflecting on/upon them. (3)中国文化传统体现在各种各样的中秋节庆祝活动中。(传统文化) Chinese cultural traditions are reflected in various Mid­Autumn Festival celebrations． (4)我无意中听到父母为家庭开支而争吵，再三思考之后，我拿出钱给了我爸爸。(2021·浙江6月卷读后续写) I overheard my parents quarreling about family expenses，and on/upon reflection，I took out the money and presented it to my dad. 5．contain vt.包含；含有；容纳；克制；控制→container n．容器；集装箱；货柜 ·contain oneself 控制自己；自制 ·contain侧重于所含有的数量或成分；include 侧重于范围，是整体和部分的关系。常使用“including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included” 的结构。 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)It was a neighbor called Mario，coming to bring us a box containing (contain) some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.(2023·全国甲卷) (2)The box contains a number of letters，including those from her admirers and her husband's letters included as well.(include) (3)得知我赢得了一等奖，我无法抑制我的兴奋，跑跑跳跳进了老师的办公室。(激动心理描写，2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) Learning that I had won the first prize，I couldn't contain my excitement and danced into my teacher's office. 6．particular adj.特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的→particularly adv.特别，尤其 be particular about/over 对……很讲究/挑剔 in particular＝particularly 特别；尤其 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)然而，我所想的就是尽快和一个特别的人分享我的奖杯。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) However, all I had in mind was to share my trophy as soon as possible with one person in particular． (2)只有讲究饮食，我们才能保持身体健康。 ①We can keep physically healthy only when we are particular about/ over food． ②Only when we are particular about/ over food can we keep physically healthy.(倒装句) 7．attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试→attempted adj.企图的；未遂的 ·attempt to do... 尝试(试图)做…… ·make an attempt to do/at doing... 尝试做…… at the first attempt 第一次尝试 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)A man who is related to last night's attempted (attempt) murder is being investigated. (2)大卫在中途摔倒了，他试图挣扎着站起来。第一次尝试时他失败了。然而，经过几次尝试，他成功了！(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) David fell over halfway, he ①attempted/made an attempt to struggle to his feet．He failed ②at the first attempt．However, ③after several attempts, he made it! 8．confused adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的；混乱的→confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑→confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的→confusion n．不确定，困惑；混淆 ·confuse...with... 把……和……混淆 ·be/get confused about 对……感到困惑 ·in confusion 迷惑地；困惑地 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)我的老师突然咧嘴一笑：“我有个好消息要告诉你。”我困惑地看着他。(神情描写，2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) My teacher suddenly grinned，“I have good news for you.” I looked at him in confusion． (2)他对目前的情况感到困惑，所以不知道下一步该怎么办。 Confused about the present situation，he was at a loss what to do next.(形容词短语作状语) 9．come across (偶然)遇见；碰见；被理解；被弄懂 come about 发生(无被动形式) come out出版；结果是；(花)开放 come up长出地面；(太阳)升起；发生；被提及；被讨论(无被动形式) come up with sth找到/提出某事(物) 【多维训练】　写作迁移 昨天我在街上碰见一位老朋友。他说他的新书下个月出版。我们还谈到了那天发生的事故。我们想出了一个主意帮助那名司机，他来自一个贫穷的家庭。 I ①came across an old friend in the street yesterday.He said his new book ②would come out next month.We also talked about the accident that ③came about that day.We ④came up with an idea to help the driver，who came from a poor family. 10．be doing...when...正在做……这时突然…… when为并列连词的类似句型： ·be doing...when...正在做……这时(突然)…… ·be about to do/be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时(突然)…… ·Hardly had sb done...when...刚做了……这时(突然)…… (教材原句)A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear. 一个孩子和一名男子正在海滩上散步，这时孩子发现了一枚贝壳，把它放到了他的耳边。 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)我正在看电视，这时灯突然灭了。 I was watching television when suddenly the lights went out. (2)我正要放弃，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。 I was about to give up/ on the point of giving up when my best friend encouraged me to go on. (3)我刚刚从着火的房子里逃出来，这时房子塌了。 ①I had just escaped from the burning house when it fell to the ground. ②Hardly had I escaped from the burning house when it fell to the ground.(部分倒装) 1.Not only did the show offer the opportunity to gain insights into the amazing rural areas, but also inspired me to devote myself to our great country. 2．I am writing to appeal to/make an appeal to everyone to take an active part in building a more beautiful school.(倡议书) 3．Deeply struck by the stories in the newspaper，I am determined to study harder. 4．Their mom tried to contain her excitement, but the glittering tears failed her.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) 5．The result was completely beyond my expectations, which made me confused and uneasy.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷，满分作文) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．这个节目不仅提供了一个机会让我深入了解这些神奇的乡村地区，而且也激励了我致力于我们伟大的国家。 2．我写信是为了呼吁大家积极参与建设一所更加美丽的学校。 3．被报纸上的报道深深触动了，我决心更努力地学习。 4．他们的妈妈尽力抑制自己的激动，但闪闪发光的泪水却没能忍住。 5．这个结果完全超出了我的预期，这让我感到困惑和不安。 题组一　单句语法填空 1．As far as I know, the show appeals to an audience of middle­aged people. 2．Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. 3．Wilson now has the determination (determine) to push further and keep on going. 4．My grandfather has devoted most of his life to bringing (bring) up two generations. 5．All their attempts to__rescue (rescue) the child from the burning building were in vain. 6．The social environment is extremely (extreme) influential when we're making decisions. 7．I don't like to make friends with those who are particular about foods and clothes. 8．The scientist is known for his generosity (generous) to charities and donating money to build schools. 9．The pandemic gives a chance of “freeing a space for other animals” and reflecting on our relationship with nature. 10．Determined (determine) to do this on my own, I spent several weeks going door­to­door for a job, but found little response. 题组二　多义词汇辨析 1．选出句中appeal的词性及含义 A．vi.呼吁，恳请　B．vi.有吸引力　C．n.吸引力　D．vi.上诉，申诉 ①The Beatles have never really lost their appeal.__C__ ②She is not satisfied with the decision and plans to appeal.__D__ ③Sports have become an important form of entertainment，appealing to both men and women.__B__ ④The police are appealing to the public for any information about the missing girl.__A__ 2． 选出句中contain的词性及含义 ①Hearing the disappointing news，he was too sad to contain himself.__C__ ②It contains a lot of pictures taken during my childhood.It keeps a record of my birth at the hospital，my first smile and my first walk.__A__ ③The new stadium being constructed now can contain 2，000 people.__B__ 3．写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①The government issued a warning that the strikers should end their action or face dismissal.vt.宣布，公布 ②The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.adj.新颖的，珍奇的 ③We reached the stage where we'd given up any hope of curing her cat.n.阶段 (一)应用文写作 [人物介绍——我最尊敬的人] 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为主题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1．人物简介； 2．尊敬和爱戴的原因。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 1．利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①我特别尊敬的人是我的英语老师，她致力于她的教学。(限制性定语从句) The person I particularly respect is my English teacher who/ that devotes herself to/ is devoted to her teaching. ②她是一位非常热心和敬业的教师，她经常呼吁每个人为自己和为我们的国家努力学习。(非限制性定语从句) She is an extremely warm­hearted and dedicated teacher，who often appeals to/makes an appeal to everyone to study hard for themselves as well as for our country. ③她的帮助对我来说意义重大；如果没有它，我就不会成功了。(虚拟条件句) Her help is of great__significance to me；without it，I wouldn't have been successful. ④为了被一所重点大学录取，我决心勇敢地面对失败。 In an attempt to be admitted to a key university，I determined to face the failure bravely. ⑤当我在英语学习中遇到问题时，老师会耐心地听我讲，并仔细地解释。 When I come across problems in English learning，my teacher listens to me patiently and explains them carefully. 2．使用恰当的过渡衔接词汇连句成篇 The person I respect The person I particularly respect is my English teacher who/that devotes herself to/is devoted to her teaching. She is an extremely warm­hearted and dedicated teacher，who often appeals to/ makes an appeal to everyone to study hard for themselves as well as for our country.Actually，her help is of great significance to me；without it，I wouldn't have been successful.In an attempt to be admitted to a key university，I determined to face the failure bravely.More importantly，when I come across problems in English learning，my teacher listens to me patiently and explains them carefully. (二)读后续写 [精彩句式8——全部倒装句] 句型公式1：Here/There/Out/In/Up/Down/Away/Now/Then＋谓语(表示运动的不及物动词)＋主语 句型公式2：介词短语＋谓语[不及物动词(如lie, stand, sit, exist, stretch, come)或系动词be]＋主语(名词) 句型公式3：分词短语＋系动词be＋主语(名词) 佳句 背诵 1.In front of me was his drooping head with his eyes fixed on the floor.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 在我面前的是他耷拉着的脑袋，眼睛盯着地板。 2.I realized gone were the days when we sat together chatting with each other. 我意识到我们坐在一起聊天的日子已经一去不复返了。 佳句 仿写 1.在那里，在名单的顶端贴着她的名字。 There, at the top of the list was posted her name. 2．随着一声吼叫，从灌木丛中蹿出一只老虎。 Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes. 3．躺在地板上的是一个约17岁的男孩。 Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 17. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·高三第一次联合模拟考试)In July，I received an e­mail from Richard K．Weems, who directed the creative writing division of the New Jersey Governor's School of the Arts.He hired me to teach poetry to a group of gifted high school students. When I met the group, in contrast to what past teachers had done，I proposed that we run a poetry stand, which would be like a country lemonade stand, except that people would be coming for poems.Whatever customers asked for, the students would write. The group were willing to go with my idea, though they had questions：“Would we collect money at the poetry stand？”“No.”“What if there were no customers？”“It's part of the risk.”“What if we had nothing to say on the topic they gave us？”“You will, and I'll train you.” A few times a day, whenever we had a little extra time in the writing studio, I asked my students to turn to a clean sheet of paper and I gave them an assumed poetry­stand poem request.I tried to get the students into the habit of asking for specifics and authenticity. On Thursday morning came the big day on Palmer Square.We set up the tables and chairs beside the place.The foot traffic to and fro was a sight that might have pleased Walt Whitman：people of all ages and races.People slowed tentatively (试探性地) at the sign offering free poetry.A woman wheeling a stroller became our first customer to have someone write for her kid on the subject of candy.An Asian woman asked if the poets could do haiku.A man told us that he only spoke Spanish.So we brought Ricky, a Latino kid to take his order and returned with a poem in Spanish.The man couldn't contain his smile. By 4：30, when it was time to leave, customers stood in line, wanting to know when we would be returning.I watched and their enthusiasm made me wonder about the place of poetry in the lives of ordinary Americans. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章讲述的是作者被聘请去教一群有天赋的孩子诗歌，为此他提出经营一个诗歌摊位的建议，并得到孩子们的认可，以及由此展开的故事。 1．What can we know about the author from the passage? A．He followed in the former teachers' footsteps. B．He guided his students to create poems at will. C．He prepared his little poets well for the activity. D．He found his advice unpopular with his students. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“You will, and I'll train you.”以及第四段中的“...I asked my students to turn to a clean sheet of paper and I gave them an assumed poetry­stand poem request”和“I tried to get the students into the habit of asking for specifics and authenticity.”可知，作者经常让他的学生们准备一张白纸并给他们一个假设的写诗要求，试图让学生养成寻求细节和真实性的习惯。由此可知，作者为了经营诗歌摊位，让他的小诗人们做了充足的准备活动。故选C项。 2．What does the underlined word “contain” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Include. B．Control. C．Wear. D．Return. 解析：选B。词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“A man told us that he only spoke Spanish.So we brought Ricky, a Latino kid to take his order and returned with a poem in Spanish.”可知，这位男士只会说西班牙语，“我们”就投其所好为他写了一首西班牙诗歌，故此处指这位男士情不自禁地笑了。control 意为“控制”，与画线词意思相近。故选B项。 3．What can we infer about the activity from the passage? A．The appeal of poetry was beyond imagination. B．The students made a fortune by trading their poems. C．The teacher invited Walt Whitman to compose a poem. D．The students suffered a cold shoulder of the passers­by. 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的By 4：30，when it was time to leave, customers stood in line, wanting to know when we would be returning.可知，到了四点半该离开的时候，顾客们排起了队，想知道“我们”什么时候再摆摊。由此可知，诗歌的魅力超出了“我们”的想象。故选A项。 4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Poetry Stand B．An English Poetry Day C．A Poem Exchange D．A Memorable Poem Lecture 解析：选A。主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，这篇文章讲述的是作者被聘请去教一群有天赋的孩子诗歌，为此他提出经营一个诗歌摊位的建议，孩子们都踊跃参加，摊位也得到了顾客的认可，文章所讲的都是围绕诗歌摊位而展开的。由此可知，A项(一个诗歌摊位)适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 B (2024·长沙高三联考)Written and illustrated by Shel Silverstein, The Giving Tree is a children's book that tells the story about a young boy and a tree in the forest.The story starts with the boy and the tree being the best friends and having fun.As the boy grows older, he asks more from the tree, which willingly agrees until all that is left is a stump(树桩)．In the end, the boy, now an old man, comes back to the tree and tells it that all he wants is a place to sit on, something that the tree eagerly provides. In the book, each part of the story goes straight to the point without confusing readers.The book doesn't include the events that happen to the boy in between.We see how the boy's needs increase to a point that the tree finally gives its trunk as he grows.It makes the book easy to read and understand.The writing style may seem plain and boring at first but we need to keep in mind that it is a children's book.If it weren't that way, then it would be unattractive to its young readers. The words used are very easy to understand.The phrase, “and the tree was happy”is quite moved and shows the tree's love for the boy.The use of the word “need”also shows readers the attitude of the boy.The change from“need”to“want”in the end also tells readers the changes that the boy goes through. Though the book has been criticized as it can be understood in different ways, it is because of the truth in it that the book succeeds.Again the book is written for children.Different children have their own ways to understand the book and will consider it interesting. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。本文主要从内容、写作风格和语言特点等方面对儿童书籍《爱心树》作出评价。 5．What is the book mainly about? A．A boy's great love for a tree. B．A boy's dependence on a forest. C．A boy's relationship with a tree. D．A boy's interesting life in a forest. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The story starts with the boy and the tree being the best friends and having fun.”可知， 这本书主要讲述了一个小男孩和一棵树之间的关系的故事。故选C项。 6．Why is the book suitable for young readers in the author's opinion? A．Its story is touching. B．Its expressions are simple. C．Its writing style is humorous. D．Its topics are varied. 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The writing style may seem plain and boring at first but we need to keep in mind that it is a children's book.”及第三段中的“The words used are very easy to understand.”可知， 这本书是一本儿童读物， 因此它的写作方式和措辞都清楚易懂， 即表达简单。故选B项。 7．What makes The Giving Tree popular? A．The comments kids gave. B．The writing style. C．The pictures in it. D．The truth it mirrors. 解析：选D。推理判断题。文章第三段提到《爱心树》讲述的内容折射出男孩经历的变化；再结合第四段中的“Though the book has been criticized as it can be understood in different ways, it is because of the truth in it that the book succeeds.”可知， 虽然这本书受到了批评， 但是这本书仍旧受欢迎， 这是因为它反映出了真理与事实真相。故选D项。 8．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To comment on a book. B．To introduce a writer. C．To recommend a story. D．To give readers a lesson. 解析：选A。推理判断题。通读全文， 尤其是第一段中的“Written and illustrated by Shel Silverstein, The Giving Tree is a children's book that tells the story about a young boy and a tree in the forest.”可知， 本文介绍了《爱心树》这本儿童书籍的内容、写作风格和语言特点等， 由此可知， 作者写这篇文章的目的是对该书作出评价。故选A项。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·高三第一次联合模拟考试)I'm a creature of habit.The walking route I've established around the block in New York __1__ varies.On my walk，I take __2__ in what my fellow gardeners have planted.Of all the sights, I think I __3__ Nell's garden the most. Every morning, I pass Nell on her __4__ showing respect for Mother Nature.While other women on the block __5__ noisily over coffee break, Nell communicates with her flowers in __6__ spiritually. One morning Nell didn't bend over the lilies.Nor did she prune (修剪) branches.Looking lost, she sat on her front porch and __7__ off into space. “Nell？Nell？Are you all right？” Slowly she turned to me.With a long deep breath, she said in a whisper，“We are __8__．” Now I joined her in her __9__：What would I do without her fragrance and the flower heads __10__ in time to my footfalls? Several weeks going by, Nell rarely spent time among the flowers, leaving the garden __11__．Then one morning, a moving pickup __12__ to block the driveway.The house sat vacant.Life is like Nell's garden.We plan and plant，and one day we move on.This spring I planted an annual garden.A friend was __13__ and asked，“Why did you go through all that effort？Aren't you moving to England？” She is right.I won't be here, but another woman will.She'll move into my house and enjoy the flowers I've __14__．I hope that across the __15__ another woman is planting flowers in front of a house that I'll rent.We plant not only for ourselves, but also for those who come behind us. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了在作者经常走的那条路上有很多花园，在众多花园中作者最为欣赏的是内尔的花园，当内尔搬家后，作者决定自己种植花园，并且要把它留给后来在此处居住的人欣赏。 1． A．occasionally B．constantly C．barely D．temporarily 解析：选C。根据上文“I'm a creature of habit.”可知，此处指作者的行走路线很少改变。barely意为“几乎不”，符合语境。 2． A．part B．joy C．steps D．risks 解析：选B。根据下文“in what my fellow gardeners have planted”及语境可知，作者喜欢她的园丁同伴们种的东西。joy 意为“开心，快乐”，take joy in意为“喜欢，享受”，符合语境。 3． A．treasure B．plant C．design D．tend 解析：选A。根据上文Of all the sights及语境可知，在众多花园中内尔的花园是作者最珍爱的。treasure意为“珍爱”，符合语境。 4． A．fingers B．fists C．arms D．knees 解析：选D。根据下文“showing respect for Mother Nature”推测，内尔每天都会跪在地上表达对大自然的尊敬。on one's knees意为“跪着”，符合语境。 5． A．chat B．compete C．cheer D．play 解析：选A。根据下文“noisily over coffee break”可知，此处指喝咖啡休息时大声聊天。chat意为“聊天”，符合语境。 6． A．fear B．amazement B．advance D．silence 解析：选D。根据上文的“While other women...noisily”及下文spiritually可知，此处指与其他人早上喝着咖啡闲聊天形成对比，内尔与她的花无声地交流着。in silence意为“无声地”，符合语境。 7． A．flew B．stared C．blew D．went 解析：选B。根据设空处所在句“Looking lost, she sat on her front porch and__7__off into space.”可知，此时内尔看起来很迷茫，她坐在前廊，目不转睛地望着外面。stare off 意为“凝视，发呆”，符合语境。 8． A．harvesting B．packing C．traveling D．moving 解析：选D。根据下文“The house sat vacant.”可知，此处指内尔小声说，她们要搬家了。move 意为“搬家”，符合语境。 9． A．sadness B．confusion C．sympathy D．madness 解析：选A。根据上文Looking lost和“With a long deep breath, she said in a whisper, ‘We are__8__．’”及下文“What would I do without her fragrance”可知，得知内尔将要搬家的消息后，作者也很悲伤。sadness 意为“悲伤”，符合语境。 10．A．screaming B．dropping C．nodding D．kicking 解析：选C。根据上文“Now I joined her in her__9__：What would I do without her fragrance and the flower heads”及语境可知，此处指花朵随脚步摇曳像点头一样。nod 意为“点头；使晃动”，符合语境。 11．A．unused B．unattended C．unchanged D．unexpected 解析：选B。根据上文“Nell rarely spent time among the flowers”可知，此处指内尔此时忙于搬家，花园无人照料。unattended意为“无人照料的”，符合语境。 12．A．pulled up B．drove away C．passed by D．settled down 解析：选A。根据下文“to block the driveway”可知，此处指搬家卡车停下来堵住了车道。pull up意为“停车”，符合语境。 13．A．genuine B．humble C．curious D．sensitive 解析：选C。根据下文“and asked, ‘Why did you go through all that effort？Aren't you moving to England？’”可知，朋友对作者的行为感到很好奇。curious意为“好奇的”，符合语境。 14．A．taken away B．run after C．left behind D．wondered at 解析：选C。根据上文“She'll move into my house and enjoy the flowers”可知，此处指有人会搬进来，欣赏作者所留下来的这些花。leave behind意为“留下”，符合语境。 15．A．country B．block C．garden D．ocean 解析：选D。根据“Aren't you moving to England？”和常识可知，作者将从纽约搬到英国，她希望她在英国租的房子前也有一位女士在种花，故此处指海洋的另一边，即与纽约隔海相望的英国。ocean意为“海洋”，符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空 China has scaled up policy to protect and restore the environment around the Yangtze River, putting 1.____________ place measures to treat industrial and agricultural pollutants and protect grasslands and wetlands. A policy document 2.____________ (joint) released by 17 central government departments promises to prioritize effort and adopt a 3.________ (comprehension) way of conserving the Yangtze River Basin area.The policy document follows a 10­year fishing ban in the Yangtze enacted by the government in 2020 in response to 4.____________ (decline) biodiversity. Despite the improvements to the Yangtze's water quality, the rise of non­point source pollution 5.____________ (emerge) as a major problem in recent years.The document stresses the need for a systemic approach, 6.____________ will require the establishment of long­term mechanisms to prevent the return of polluted water bodies. The treatment of pollution is another priority, as the government looks to tighter controls over pollutants discharged by chemical factories and promote 7.____________ (high) efficiency in the use of fertilizers and pesticides. 8．____________ (restore) the diversity of aquatic life in the Yangtze, the document says that the country will establish a monitoring system for endangered animals and make 9.____________ action plan to save them and that more work 10.____________ (do) to enhance the connectivity of rivers. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国加大了保护和修复长江流域环境的政策力度，采取措施治理工农业污染物，保护草地和湿地。 1．解析：in。考查介词。句意：中国加大了保护和恢复长江周边环境的政策力度，采取了一系列措施来治理工农业污染物，保护草原和湿地。分析句子可知，空格处构成固定短语put sth in place ＝ put in place sth实施，实现；把……放到合适的位置，故填in。 2．解析：jointly。考查副词。句意：由17个中央政府部门联合发布的一份政策文件承诺会分清主次，全面、综合保护长江流域地区。分析句子可知，空格后released为非谓语动词作定语，应使用副词修饰released，故填jointly。 3．解析：comprehensive。考查形容词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处应使用形容词修饰名词way。comprehensive综合的，全面的，故填comprehensive。 4．解析：declining。考查形容词。句意：该政策文件遵循了政府在2020年颁布的10年长江捕鱼禁令，以应对生物多样性的下降。分析句子可知，空格处作定语修饰biodiversity，形容词declining意为“越来越少的、不断下降的”，此处用以表示不断下降的生物多样性，故填declining。 5．解析：has emerged。考查动词时态。句意：尽管长江水质有所改善，但近年来非点源污染的增加仍是一个主要问题。分析句子可知，空格处是谓语部分，根据时间状语in recent years应使用现在完成时，主语是the rise，是单数形式，故填has emerged。 6．解析：which。考查非限定性定语从句。句意：该文件强调，我们需要能建立长期机制来阻止长江水质重回被污染状态的一套系统方法。分析句子可知，空格处是非限定性定语从句引导词，先行词是a systemic approach，非限定性定语从句缺少主语，故填which。 7．解析：higher。考查形容词比较级。句意：污染治理是另一个优先事项，因为政府希望对化工厂排放的污染物进行更严格的控制，并提倡提高化肥和农药的使用效率。根据上文tighter，可知此处空格应填形容词比较级，故填higher。 8．解析：To restore。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了恢复长江水生生物的多样性，该文件显示，国家将建立一个濒危动物的监测系统，并制定拯救它们的行动计划；同时会做更多的工作来加强河流的连通性。分析句子可知，空格处应填不定式表示目的。“为了恢复长江水生生物多样性”，位于句首首字母大写，故填To restore。 9．解析：an。考查冠词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处缺少冠词泛指“一个行动计划”，action以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an，构成固定短语make an action plan制定行动计划。故填an。 10．解析：will be done。考查动词时态和语态。句意同第8题。分析句子可知，“that more work 10.______ (do) to enhance the connectivity of rivers”为says的第二个宾语从句。work与do之间是被动关系，根据第一个宾语从句“that the country will establish a monitoring system for endangered animals and make an action plan to save them”的时态，第二个宾语从句也应用将来时，此处应使用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be done。 【二次精读积语料】 核心 单词 A篇 authenticity n．真实性；可靠性　enthusiasm n．热情，热忱；热衷的事物 B篇 illustrate v．给……作插图；说明， 阐释　willingly adv.愿意地；乐意地　criticize v．批评；指责；评论 核心 短语 A篇 in contrast to 与……形成对比 B篇 keep in mind 记住；铭记于心　go through 经受；通过；仔细检查 七选五专项练(二) 第一组 A (2024·皖南八校高三第二次联考)As a student, you have a lot of freedom when it comes to how you spend your time.But with that freedom comes the responsibility to make the most of your studying hours.Here are some tips to help you do just that. ·Create a schedule This means setting aside specific times for studying each day and then sticking to that schedule as closely as possible.Of course, there will be days when things come up, and you have to deviate(偏离)from your plan.1.________. ·Break up your study sessions into smaller periods Our brain can't focus effectively for a long time.If you try to study for several hours once, chances are much higher that you won't remember all of the information you're trying to learn.2.________. ·Find a study place that works for you 3．________.Some people prefer to study in complete silence, while others find that some background noise helps them focus better.There is no right or wrong answer here—it's all about finding a place to study that allows you to work as efficiently as possible. ·4.________ This will not only help you check your understanding of the concepts but also identify any area that may need more review.And once you know what specific topics or ideas you need to work on, it will be much easier for you to direct your study sessions accordingly and make better use of your time overall. ·Don't be afraid to ask for help If you find that you're struggling to understand the material or just not making progress as quickly as you'd like, seek assistance in time.5.________.In fact, it can save lots of time in the long run by getting you the support you need. A．Take relevant tests B．Learn to accept failure C．There is no shame in admitting that you need assistance D．Make sure that every minute you spend studying counts E．However, try not to go off­track too often or for too long F．Where you study can also affect how effectively you use your time G．Instead, divide your study sessions up into shorter periods to help you relax and recharge [语篇解读]本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了一些有效利用学习时间的方法。 1．解析：选E。结合空前的内容可知， 有时我们会因为一些临时的事情偏离计划， 再结合选项可知， E项(然而， 尽量不要太频繁或太长时间偏离轨道)承接上文， 且其中的“go off­track”与上文的“deviate from your plan”呼应， 符合语境。 2．解析：选G。根据本段小标题“Break up your study sessions into smaller periods”可知， 本段主要介绍将学习时间分成若干个时段， 以便能高效学习， 空前介绍了连续几个小时学习但效率不高的状况， G项(相反， 把你的学习时间分成更短的时间段来帮助你放松和恢复精力)与上文构成转折关系， 符合语境。 3．解析：选F。由本段的小标题可知， 本段主要介绍要找一个适合学习的地方， F项(你在哪里学习也会影响你如何有效地利用时间)承接本段小标题且引出下文， F项中的Where和小标题中的place对应， 符合语境。 4．解析：选A。根据设空处的位置可知， 设空处为本段的小标题。通览本段内容， 尤其是文中的“check...need more review”“make better use”可知， 这里主要介绍如何检验自己对所学内容的理解程度， 故A项(进行相关测试)符合语境。 5．解析：选C。空前讲到要及时寻求帮助， 空后提到获得需要的帮助可以节约许多时间， C项(承认你需要帮助并不可耻)承上启下， 符合语境， 同时C项中的need assistance与上文中的seek assistance相呼应。 B (2024·江苏省南通第一次调研测试)People have tried everything to get more sleep.But unlike almost every other area of life，effort is not rewarded.1.________ The more you try, the less you are likely to succeed. Here are some ways to improve your sleep that might just work. 2．________There is nothing you can do between now and bedtime to guarantee that you will sleep tonight.There is, however, plenty you can start doing to improve your chances of sleeping well next month.So instead of worrying about the night ahead, make sleeping well a long­term goal and expect to see progress in a few weeks rather than tomorrow. Don't go to bed too early.Adults need to be awake for at least 16 hours to generate enough sleep­drive to sleep for eight hours at night.Having an early night can mean you won't be sleepy enough to fall asleep quickly and easily.Don't pay too much attention to the exact times or the hours of sleep you are getting—the details don't matter.And don't take naps (小睡) in the afternoon.3.________ Smile more.Smiling can reduce tension and promote relaxation.As you turn the light out at night, try to think of something funny and smile to yourself in the dark.4.________ Even a fake smile is enough to send a message to the brain to change your mood and retrain the brain to be comfortable with being awake, thus reducing tension and allowing sleep to follow. Stop reading articles about sleep.None of the researching, monitoring or analyzing actually leads to better sleep.In fact，constantly looking for a solution is undoubtedly making things worse.5.________ Make this the last article you read on the subject, then go and find something more interesting to think about. A．Try to stay awake at night. B．In fact，it is actively rejected. C．Give up trying to sleep tonight. D．So give sleep less of your attention. E．They take the edge off your appetite for sleep. F．It doesn't have to be a genuine，heartfelt smile. G．You have to do things differently to get a different outcome. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了能够让我们有更好的睡眠状态的几条建议。 1．解析：选B。空前提到尽管人们通过各种方法获得睡眠，但付出并非总是有回报，空后表示你越努力，成功的可能性就越小，结合选项可知，B项(事实上，它是完全不接受的。)此处指睡眠这件事并不符合上文所说的道理，承上启下，符合语境。 2．解析：选C。根据设空处位置和其他段落结构可知，设空处为本段的主题句。根据空后的“There is nothing you can do between now and bedtime to guarantee that you will sleep tonight.There is, however, plenty you can start doing to improve your chances of sleeping well next month.”可知，此处强调不要为当下的睡眠作出积极的准备，而是要做长远打算。C项(放弃设法今晚入睡)能够概括本段内容，符合语境。 3．解析：选E。设空处位于本段末尾，应承接上文。空前提到下午不要睡觉，E项(它们会减弱你的睡眠欲望)承接上文，指出这样做的结果，符合语境，且E项中的They指代空前的naps。 4．解析：选F。根据空前的“Smiling can reduce tension and promote relaxation.”可知，微笑可以缓解压力，有助于睡眠；结合空后的“Even a fake smile is enough to send a message to the brain to change your mood and retrain the brain to be comfortable with being awake, thus reducing tension and allowing sleep to follow.”可知，即使假笑也能给大脑传递信息，从而放松情绪，有助于睡眠。F项(它不一定是真诚的、发自内心的微笑)承上启下，符合语境，F项中的genuine与空后的fake相对应。 5．解析：选D。根据空前的“In fact，constantly looking for a solution is undoubtedly making things worse.”可知，不断寻求解决方法毫无疑问会让你的问题变得更糟糕，D项(所以不要太关注睡眠这件事)与上文构成因果关系，符合语境。 C (2024·湖南高三质量监测一)April is the cruellest month...Or so said gloomy poet T．S.Eliot in his long poem，The Waste Land.It seems he wasn't wrong.Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)—otherwise known as the “winter blues”—is a well­known condition.But, surprisingly, some people feel more depressed in spring and summer than at other times of the year.The days getting warmer and longer, and the fact that spring flowers and blossom represent new beginnings for some people，just make the spring blues worse for others.1.________ What Causes Reverse SAD? Because it's not well understood or often spotted, it's hard to pin down the reasons for feeling down when everyone else seems to be full of the joys of springtime.With winter SAD，less sunlight is thought to disrupt the body's internal clock and bring on depression.2.________ You might also be tempted to stay up later, throwing out your body clock. How Do You Recognize It? 3．________ Do you love the cold and feel much more energized at that time of year, while spring makes you feel much less positive? Again, this could be reverse SAD.And it sometimes runs in families, so look around at your nearest and dearest and note how they feel about the advent of warmer，brighter days. 4．________ Exercise can work wonders.A study found that ten weeks of standard exercise was 20 percent more effective than medication.And get plenty of sleep.Try to get up at the same time every day，even if you haven't slept well.5.________ A．Can Exercise Help Overcome Reverse SAD? B．Can You Shake off the Spring Blues? C．This phenomenon is sometimes called “reverse SAD”． D．The spring blues may have a negative effect on people. E．Like traditional SAD，spring depression comes back at the same time every year. F．But if your depression shows no sign of lifting, see your doctor. G．Reverse SAD，on the other hand, might be caused by too much sunlight. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是反向季节性情感障碍及其产生原因并对如何摆脱它提出了建议。 1．解析：选C。结合上文内容和下文中反复出现的reverse SAD可知，设空处应引出“反向季节性情感障碍”这一概念，C项(这种现象有时被称为“反向季节性情感障碍”)承上启下，符合语境，且C项中的This phenomenon指代上文提到的spring blues。 2．解析：选G。根据小标题What Causes Reverse SAD？可知，本段介绍了反向季节性情感障碍是由哪些原因引起的。G项(一方面，反向季节性情感障碍可能是由过多的阳光引起的)符合语境，其中might be caused与空后might also be tempted相呼应。 3．解析：选E。根据设空处后一句可知，设空处应引起下文，介绍反向季节性情感障碍发生在春季。E项(和传统的季节性情感障碍一样，春季抑郁现象每年都会在同一时间卷土重来)符合语境，同时E项中的spring与设空处后一句中的spring属于原词复现；且E项中的at the same time与空后一句at that time of year相对应。 4．解析：选B。根据设空处位置可知，设空处是本段小标题。根据本段的内容可知，本段是在说明如何摆脱反向季节性情感障碍，且后文提到exercise和“get up at the same time”两种帮助摆脱的方法，故B项(你能摆脱春季抑郁吗？)符合语境。 5．解析：选F。结合上文内容可知，本段主要说明如何摆脱季节性情感障碍，F项(但如果你的抑郁没有好转的迹象，就需要去看医生)与上文构成转折关系，符合语境。 D (2024·昆明高三教学质量检测)The shoes you wear can reflect your style, mood, personality, attitude, and much more.Do you want to leave a strong impression？1.________ They add depth to your personality.So, it is recommended to never laze about the shoe matter. Sneakers Sneakers are the most frequently worn shoes these days.They represent a happy, sporty, and comfortable attitude.2.________ From your friend's birthday party to your workouts, you can wear sneakers everywhere.If you want to look professional, it is better to avoid these. Sandals Leather sandals express a comfortable, chilled, and relaxed attitude.They are perfect for beach vacations.They are also street­friendly.You can also wear them for daily activities.They are considered the most suitable for your feet during summer. Boots Boots are one of the best additions to your shoe collection.They work well in personal and professional settings.They convey a strong, professional and confident attitude.3.________ Heels Heels have been a status symbol since ancient times.4.________ Kings and queens wore heels to show their high status.Even today, heels represent confidence, bravery, and even a high status.Women who wear heels are more charming as well. 5．________ You should always keep a good check on your shoes and wear the most suitable pair.You need to dress up according to the situation, surroundings, and people.Only when you can do that can you create the desired impression with your shoes. A．You'll feel confident in your skin. B．Shoes can say more than you know. C．A wide shoe collection can help you. D．They are best paired with casual wear. E．They convey a casual and light­hearted attitude. F．You can wear a pair to the office and even parties. G．They convey a strong, attractive, and powerful attitude. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了四种类型的鞋子所代表的不同态度和风格，提醒人们要根据不同的场合穿不同的鞋子，这样才能给人留下理想的印象。 1．解析：选C。根据空前的“The shoes you wear can reflect your style, mood, personality, attitude, and much more.Do you want to leave a strong impression？”可知，空处应回答上文提出的想不想给人留下深刻印象的问题，C项“多收藏些鞋子能帮到你”符合语境，承接上文，故C项正确。 2．解析：选D。根据空后的“From your friend's birthday party to your workouts, you can wear sneakers everywhere.”可知，不管是你朋友的生日聚会还是锻炼，你都可以穿运动鞋。结合常识可知，一般去参加朋友聚会和锻炼时，穿着比较休闲。因此D项“它们与休闲服相配”与下文衔接连贯。D项中的They 指代上文Sneakers。 3．解析：选F。根据空前的“They work well in personal and professional settings”可知，上文提到了靴子适用于私人和专业场合，故F项“你可以穿去办公室甚至去聚会”承接上文，符合语境。 4．解析：选G。根据空前的“Heels have been a status symbol since ancient times”和空后的“Kings and queens wore heels to show their high status.Even today, heels represent confidence, bravery, and even a high status”可知，上文提到高跟鞋从古代起便是身份的象征，空后则说国王和王后穿高跟鞋来显示自己很高的地位。再根据上文介绍的不同的鞋子代表的态度可知，空处的内容也应与高跟鞋代表的态度有关，G项“它们代表强大的、吸引人的和有影响力的态度”符合语境，故选G项。 5．解析：选B。分析文章结构可知，本段应为文章的总结段落。根据空后内容可知，你应该好好检查你的鞋子并穿最合适的鞋，根据情况、环境和所见的人打扮，只有做到这样，你才能通过鞋子给别人留下理想的印象。故此段主要说明鞋子的重要性。故B项“鞋子能说明的比你知道得多”突出了鞋子的重要性，符合语境。 第二组 A (2024·重庆质量调研) Ways to Build Resilience (适应力) Being resilient isn't about avoiding misfortune，but rather how we respond to it.Resilience means doing well in the face of risk or difficulty.1.______Being resilient can help your manage stress，lower you chances of depression, and has even been proven to make people live longer.To build resilience, the experts suggest the following： Start with reaching out for support.Lack of social support can lead to decreased resilience.While it's easy to let go of important relationships in our busy lives, 2.________Good relationships are a pillar (柱状物) of rock for resilience and are a source of support when the times get tough. Cultivating your sense of humor is also a plus.3.________Humor helps you to gain perspective during hard times.It also improves your sense of well­being through an increase in dopamine(多巴胺)levels in your brain, and can ultimately increase your overall health. 4．________Having goals and dreams increases resilience.A lack of purpose and goals reduces resilience and may leave you open to being taken advantage of, manipulation(操纵)，and poor life choices; it reduces your sense of control over your life，which can easily lead to depression and anxiety. Be a person of action.Being idle can lead to less resilience, but being active and tackling your problems head­on can promote your ability to deal with tough situations.5.________Instead，do something about the situation. A．it is vital to make room for them. B．Then find a sense of purpose in life. C．it is exciting to embrace the unknown. D．Hard times call for looking at the lighter side. E．Try to avoid thinking deeply about negative thoughts or ideas. F．It is also the ability to bounce back from tough situations. G．Ask questions until you feel like you have a firm grasp of a situation. [语篇解读]本文是说明文，提出了如何提高自身适应力的几种建议。 1．解析：选F。根据空前的“Being resilient isn't about...doing well in the face of risk or difficulty”可知，此部分在解释resilience的含义，该空与前面内容在意义上连贯，故选F项“它也是一种从困境中恢复的能力。” 2．解析：选A。根据该空前的逗号可知，空处句子的首字母应为小写，故可从选项A和C中找答案；空处所在句为主从复合句的主句，从句指的是尽管在忙碌的生活中，我们很容易放弃重要的关系。由此可知，主句应表示转折，故选A项“为它们腾出空间很重要”即要抽出时间去经营社会关系。 3．解析：选D。根据该空前面提到的“the times get tough”以及后面的“Humor helps you to gain perspective during hard times”可知，该空前后都提到了艰难时期，由此可知，此处应选D项“艰难时期需要看到较光明的一面。” 4．解析：选B。该空位于第四段的段首，为该段的主题句。结合第四段后面的内容“Having goals and dreams increases resilience”可知，该空应选B项“然后找到生活中的目标感。” 5．解析：选E。根据该段首句可知，此部分讲的是做一个有行动力的人。根据空后的“Instead, do something about the situation”可知，该空应选E项“尽量避免深入思考消极的想法。”与下文形成转折。 B (2024·长春质量检测)Public speaking undoes the best of us.There is fear that if you fail to prepare adequately，1.________．Fumbles (笨拙的手部动作) can cost you that desired promotion or a profitable new partnership.It's not always fair, but people are judged on their public­speaking skills.The good news，however, is that improvement is possible.Below are a few basic tips. Language is the major component a speaker needs to focus on.2.________．Say “use”instead of “utilize”，and “detailed”instead of “granular”．Try not to refer to your growth plan as a“global recovery plan”．Language can perform its effectiveness by the speaker restating main points, providing a special message or encouraging audience to ask questions.3.________.Good ones involve open palms, joined fingertips，or spread arms. While listening, audience have a tendency to position themselves into the situation created.4.________．They could be enjoyable or defeated ones.For instance, tell your listeners about a time you got it wrong.Let them learn from your mistakes. 5．________．Adopting pictures, diagrams or catalogues(目录)can help make your presentation impressive.Include a brief clip from a well­known movie to entertain your audience and drive the point home.But bear in mind—don't let it distract your audience from you. A．It is expected to be simple B．Enhance the entertainment part C．Visual elements are a huge help D．you could find yourself at a loss for words E．A speaker needs to offer common experiences to stimulate empathy (共鸣) F．Aside from it，non­verbal language is significant in making your speech sufficient G．your audience won't forget the inappropriate remarks and your team's reputation will be ruined [语篇解读]本文是说明文，主要介绍了公共演讲技巧。 1．解析：选D。根据语境可知，空处会讲到如果演讲没进行充分准备的话则会发生不好的局面，空前为if引导的条件状语从句，空处应该为该条件下的结果，且该选项的首字母应该以小写字母开头。D项“你可能会发现自己忘词”符合语境。 2．解析：选A。根据空后的“Say ‘use’instead of ‘utilize’，and ‘detailed’instead of ‘granular’”可知，空后的举例是为了说明尽量使用简单词。A项“语言应简单”符合语境。 3．解析：选F。空前讲到了演讲者演讲时在语言方面需要注意的事项，而空后“Good ones involve open palms, joined fingertips, or spread arms”则讲到了肢体方面的一些技巧，因此空处承上启下，应该会引出注意肢体语言的观点，故F项符合语境。 4．解析：选E。根据空后的“They could be...tell your listeners about a time you got it wrong”可知，此处指的是演讲者应该要讲一些或好或坏的个人经历，且ones与E项experiences相对应，故E项符合语境。 5．解析：选C。根据空后的“pictures, diagrams or catalogues(目录)．..a brief clip”可知，此处讲到了在演讲时应利用一些多模态资源，故C项“视觉元素帮助很大”适合作本段的主旨句。 C (2024·南京高三六校联合调研)Do you experience pleasure from listening to sad music？Sadness, generally seen as a negative emotion, tends to be found pleasurable in an aesthetic (美学的) context.1.________ While people are enjoying sad music, empathy plays a significant role.Empathy can be broadly defined as the process by which we can come to understand and feel what another person is experiencing.2.________ Similarly, listening to sad music may call up an empathetic reaction in those with a strong tendency to feel that emotion. 3．________ Sad music enables the listener to release themselves from distressing experiences(breakups，death, etc)and focus instead on the beauty of music.Furthermore, lyrics that relate to the listener's personal experiences can give voice to feelings that one might not be able to express oneself. As we all know, music has the ability to provide company and comfort.People tend to listen to sad music when they are in emotional distress of feeling lonely.4.________ He can provide support and empathy.The listener enjoys the mere presence of a virtual person, represented by the music, who is in the same mood and can help cope with sad feelings. 5．________ The emotional power of music is one of the main motivations of people who love it so much. A．Sad music is virtual presence to relieve sadness. B．Sad music can be experienced like an imaginary friend. C．Evidence suggests that people enjoy sad music. D．Sad songs can bring back unforgettable memories of a past event. E．Sad music also produces psychological benefits via mood regulation. F．In short, music has the proven ability to affect the mood and attention. G．Expressions of sadness and grief are likely to inspire support and help in others. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。音乐具有影响情绪和注意力的作用，音乐的情感力量是人们如此热爱音乐的主要动因之一。 1．解析：选C。空前讲到，悲伤通常被视为一种负面情绪，但悲伤在美学语境中往往是令人愉悦的，即悲伤音乐可以给人带来快乐。由此可知，C项“有证据表明人们喜欢悲伤的音乐”是对前面一句话的拓展。再结合第二段中的“While people are enjoying sad music”可知，C项也能引出下文。 2．解析：选G。本段讲的是人们在欣赏悲伤音乐的时候，共情扮演着很重要的角色；又根据空后的“Similarly, listening to sad music may call up an empathetic reaction in those with a strong tendency to feel that emotion”可知，听悲伤的音乐可能会唤起那些能强烈感受到这种情感的人的共情反应。由此可知，G项“表达悲伤和悲痛可能唤起其他人的共鸣”能衔接下文，符合语境。 3．解析：选E。根据空处所在位置可知，空处是本段的主题句。根据空后的内容可知，悲伤的音乐能使听者从痛苦的经历中释放自己，而且与听者的个人经历有关的歌词可以表达出一个人可能无法表达的情感。由此可知，此段主要讲悲伤的音乐在调节情绪方面所起的作用。E项“悲伤的音乐通过调节情绪也产生心理上的益处”符合语境。 4．解析：选B。根据空前的“music has the...or feeling lonely”可知，音乐有陪伴和安慰的能力。当人们情绪低落或感到孤独时，他们倾向于听悲伤的音乐；又根据空后的“He can provide support and empathy”可知，他能提供支持和同情。由此可知，该空应选B项。该空后一句话中的He指的是B选项中的“an imaginary friend”。 5．解析：选F。本篇文章讲述了音乐影响人们的情绪且空处位于最后一段的首句，根据空后的“The emotional power of music is one of the main motivations of people who love it so much”可知，音乐的情感力量是人们如此热爱音乐的主要动因之一。故空处选F项“总之，音乐已被证明有影响情绪和注意力的作用”较为合适，此句话是对全文的总结。 D (2024·重庆名校联盟联考)Some signs of sleep deprivation(缺乏)like dark circles under your eyes might be noticeable，but others can fly under the radar.1.________ You don't have energy.If you feel so tired and listless at work that you would rather run for your pillow than do even the smallest task at the desk, that could be the result of a lack of sleep.2.______This practice could actually be what's keeping you up at night. You find it difficult to concentrate.3.________Science has shown that it's harder to focus，pay attention and make decisions when you're sleep deprived.Whether you're working at an office，working from home or just trying to get through your to­do list，not getting enough sleep will make concentrating more difficult. 4．________Sleep deprivation can lead to problems like high blood pressure and diabetes.If you have hypertension (高血压)，the longer you're awake, the longer your blood pressure may remain high.If you suffer from diabetes, regularity in your sleep cycle could keep your blood sugar levels more stable.Reduced sleep could also impact your body weight by affecting hormone levels.Changes in hormone levels due to sleep deprivation can create an eating disorder which could have an impact on your blood pressure and blood sugar. You feel moody, depressed or angry.Sleep deprivation night means that you can easily get upset.5.________You might even be angry more easily and find it difficult to cope with stressful situations. A．Your medical issues are worsening or developing. B．20 minutes of shut­eye will make you feel recharged. C．There are some tricks that might help you become energetic. D．Sleep deprivation might have an impact on your mental performance. E．It also leads to reduced patience and discourages you from socializing. F．These signs might be an indicator that you aren't getting the sleep you need. G．However, think twice if you turn to a late afternoon coffee to pick yourself up. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。介绍了睡眠不足的表现。 1．解析：选F。根据空处所在位置并结合空前的“but others can fly under the radar”以及后面几段分别陈述的睡眠不足的危害可知，该空起到承上启下的作用。F项“这些迹象可能表明你没有得到所需的睡眠”符合语境。 2．解析：选G。根据空后的“This practice could actually be what's keeping you up at night”并结合常识可知，G项“然而，如果你下午晚些时候通过喝咖啡来提神的话，需要三思”与下文衔接紧密，语义连贯，故G项符合语境。 3．解析：选D。根据该段主旨句可知，你会发现自己很难集中精神。空后的“Science has shown that it's harder to focus, pay attention and make decisions when you're sleep deprived”具体描述很难集中精神的表现。D项“睡眠不足可能会影响你的精神表现”与上下文衔接紧密，故D项符合语境。 4．解析：选A。该空所在位置可知是本段主旨句。根据空后的“Sleep deprivation can lead to problems like high blood pressure and diabetes”可知，睡眠不足会导致高血压和糖尿病等问题，即导致身体方面出现问题，A项“你的健康问题将会恶化或加重”符合语境。 5．解析：选E。根据本段主旨句“You feel moody, depressed or angry”可知，该段讲的是睡眠不足会使人心情不好，E项“它还会导致耐心减少，不愿社交”，该项中的“It”指代上文中的“Sleep deprivation night”，故E项符合语境。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$