Unit 1 重点短语和知识精讲 2024-2025学年沪教牛津版英语九年级上册

Unit 1 Wise men in history 一.ask的用法 (1) ask意为“询问;要求”,ask sb. sth. 如:I asked him his name.我问了他的名字。 (2)ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事(ask sb. not to do sth.叫某人不要做某事) 如:One evening,a passer-by asked to stay for the night.一天晚上,有个过路人请求借宿一晚。 The man told us not to play football in the street. 那个男人让我们不要在街道上踢足球。 (3)ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物 如:He asked his father for a bike.他向他的爸爸要一辆自行车。 (4)ask for help寻求帮助 如:Do you ask for help when you have a problem?你有问题的时候会寻求帮助吗? 1.She's asked him _ (come) to the party. 2.Don't be afraid of asking _ help when it is needed. 3.My mother asks me _(not play) computer games any more. 二.begin的用法 (1)begin/start to do sth.和begin/start doing sth.一般情况下意思上无区别 如:I begin working. = I begin to work. 我开始工作了。 ①谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时,使用doing. 如:How old were you when you first started playing the piano?你几岁时开始弹钢琴? ②begin, start用进行时时,后面动词用不定式to do 如:I was beginning to get angry。我开始生起气来。 ③物作主语时,后面动词用不定式to do 如:It began to melt. ④begin后面的动词是表示心理活动的词,必须是to do know/believe/wonder/think/understand. 如:I begin to understand you after I learn about your experience. 在知道了你的经历之后,我开始理解你了。 (2)beginning n.起初,开始: in the beginning=at first起初,开始; at the beginning of…在……的开头; from beginning to end从开始到结束 拓展 (1)stop to do sth.停下一件事去做另一件事 如: We stopped to get some drinks. 我们停下来去找些喝的。 (2) stop doing something 停下手中正在做的事情 如:We stopped dancing. 我们停止了跳舞。 1.It’s beginning _(rain), we’d better hurry up. 2.My son is beginning _(watch) TV after dinner. 3.He began _(smoke) three years ago. 4.Students usually have a study plan _ the beginning of term. 5._ the beginning,some of us took no interest in physics. 三.doubt的用法 (1)可做动词,怀疑 如:There seems no reason to doubt her story.似乎没有理由怀疑她所说的话。 (2)可做名词 ①常用于句型There is no doubt that毫无疑问 如:There is no doubt that we did the right thing.毫无疑问我们做得对。 ②without doubt毫无疑问, 如:Without doubt, this is the best. 无可置疑,这是最好的。 注意:doubt之前如果没有冠词或者否定词时,则必须用复数doubts。 如:I have doubts about it.我对此有怀疑。 1.毫无疑问,托尼是我们班最优秀的。 2.今年我们可以去爬山,但我怀疑我们是否有时间。 四.find out的用法 find 意为“寻找”,强调“找”的结果。 It's very difficult to find work at the moment. 目前很难找到工作。 find out 意为“找出,查明白”,强调经过询问、调查、研究后“搞清楚,弄明白”。 Please find out who took my book by mistake. 请查清楚谁错拿了我的书。 look for 意为“寻找”,强调“找”的动作或过程。 People were leaving the country to look for work in the cities. 人们离开农村到城里找工作。 look up 意为“查阅”,指在词典等资料中查找。 Can you look up the opening times on the website? 你可以在网站上查一下开放的时间吗? 1.My teacher wanted to _ who broke the window. A. look for B. look after C. find D. find out 2._the end of the film, you’ll_ the answer. A. In; find out B. At; find out C. In; look for 3.用look, find, find out 完成句子 ①. What are you _ ? ②. I’m _ my maths book. I can’t _ it. ③. I can _ the truth of the fact. 五.truth的用法 (1)truth译为“ 事实,真相,真实”,用作名词,通常用于短语tell the truth说实话 如:Do you think she's telling the truth? 你认为她在讲实话吗? 拓展 (1)true“ 可以;可能”,用作形容词 如:The novel is based on a true story.这部小说是根据真实的故事写成的。 (2)truly“ 真实地;真诚地;诚恳地”,用作副词 如:I'm truly sorry that things had to end like this.事情落到这样的结局,我从内心感到愧疚。 (3)常用短语 come true 实现 make one’s dream come true=realize/achieve one’s dream实现某人的梦想 1.To tell you the_(true), I don’t really like math. It is too hard for me to learn. 2.We can_our dreams by working hard. A. come true B. realize C. arrive 3.You’ll achieve your dream. =You’ll _ your dream _ _. 4.只要我们一起努力,我们的中国梦就会实现。 As long as we work hard together, our Chinese dream will_ _. 六.seem的用法 (1)seem为系动词,后接形容词。 如:Mary seems very happy with her new boyfriend. 玛丽对她的新男友似乎很满意 (2)seem to do似乎;好像(seem not to do似乎不) 如:She would always seem to offend people. 她过去似乎老是得罪人 The president seems not to like the plan. 总统似乎不喜欢这项计划 (3)It seems that似乎;好像 如:It seems that he is a good guy. 他似乎是个好人。 拓展 (1)常见的系动词: ①be动词,如:I am happy.我很开心。 ②感官动词,如:It smells good.它闻起来不错。 ③变化类动词go, become, turn等,如:Leaves turn green in spring.叶子春天变绿。 ④保持类动词keep, stay,如:Please keep quiet.请保持安静。 翻译:1.彼得好像不能来了 2.你今天似乎很开心。 3.移动一座山似乎不太可能。 七.difficult的用法 (1)difficult困难的,用作形容词, be difficult to do sth.做某事是困难的 如:It's really difficult to read your writing. 你的笔迹真是难以辨认。 拓展 (1)difficulty困难,用作名词(表示抽象的“困难”,“费力”时,不可数) 常见短语:with difficulty困难 如:She spoke with difficulty.她说话很困难。 常见短语:have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 如:Do you have difficulty getting up? 你起床有困难吗? I had no difficulty in expressing myself. 我毫不费力地表达了自己的意思。 (2)difficulty困难,用作名词(指具体的困难,难处,难点,可数) 如:If you have any difficulties, give me a shout.如果你有什么困难,就喊我一声。 He paused as though he found a difficulty.他停了下来,似乎发现了一个难点。 1.Richard had little _(difficult) in understanding the reason for your decision. (difficult) 2.We have enough difficulty _(pay) the rent as it is. 3._ difficulty we finished all the housework. 八.所有格的用法 所有格 ’s所有格 一般用于有生命 Lily’s room莉莉的房间 of所有格 一般用于无生命 The name of the dog狗的名字 双重所有格 of+’s所有格 a friend of my mother’s我妈妈的一个朋友 of+名词性物主代词 a friend of mine我的一个朋友 拓展 用法 举例 以s结尾,加’ Students’ books学生们的书 表共同拥有,最后一名词加’s Lily and Lucy’s room莉莉和露西的房间 表分别拥有,各自加’s Lily’s and Lucy’s room莉莉的房间和露西的房间 表时间,距离,价格等 Today’s newspaper今日报纸 two hours’ walk两小时的路程 表示节日 Children’s Day 儿童节 复合不定代词和else连用时,’s 应加在else后 Someone else’s pen某人的笔 1.Teddy is _. A. a student of my sister B. a student of my sister's C. my sister’s students D. student of sister 2.-Excuse me, is the museum far from here? -No, it's about _. A. 5 minutes walk B. 5 minute walk C. 5 minutes’ walk D. 5 minute’s walk 九.fill的用法 (1)fill意为“(使)充满”,常用于短语:fill ... with ...(be filled with)意为“使……充满……” 如:Tom filled his basket with apples.汤姆用苹果装满了他的篮子。 Mary’s room is filled with toys.玛丽的房间充满了玩具 拓展 (1)be full of意义与用法与be filled with相近,两者通常可以互换使用 如:Mary’s room is filled with toys. = Mary’s room is full of toys. 1.Please fill the cup _ water. 2.The room _(fill) with laughter. 3.His speech was full _ passion. 十.run的用法 run 奔跑;流动 The children love to run in the park. 孩子们喜欢在公园里奔跑。 经营;管理 She runs her own business. 她经营着自己的生意。 运行;操作 The computer program is running smoothly. 计算机程序运行得很顺利。 发生;进行 The play will run for two weeks. 这个剧将连演两周。 驾驶;操纵 Can you run a bus? 你会公交车吗? 继续;持续 The meeting ran late into the night. 会议一直开到深夜。 试运行;测试 We need to run some experiments to gather data. 我们需要进行一些实验来收集数据。 指导;领导 She runs a team of researchers. 她领导一个研究团队。 流畅地说出;朗读 Can you run through your presentation one more time? 你能再给你的演示跑一遍吗? 流动;流出 Water ran down the walls during the heavy rain. 下大雨时水流沿着墙壁流下。 拓展 (1)run out和run out of的区别 ①run out主语通常为物,如:The fuel was rapidly running out.燃料很快就要用完了。 ②run out of主语通常为人,如:We are running out of fuel.我们的燃料快用完了。 用run out或run out of的适当形式填空 1.They have _ ideas. 2.I'll have to stop you there, we've _ time. 3.My money soon_. 4.The toilet paper in the bathroom has _. 十一.make的用法 (1)make为使役动词(let, make, have),后接不带to的不定式(即原形);若为被动,要将to还原 如:Nothing will make me change my mind. 什么也改变不了我的想法。 He was made to lie in bed all day. 他被迫每天躺在床上。 (2)be made of由...制成(看的出原材料),如:Chairs are made of wood. 椅子是木头做的。 be made from由...制成(看不出原材料),如:Paper is made from trees. 纸是由树木制成的。 (3)make + sb. + adj. 意为“使得某人…”,如:The news made him happy. 这个消息让他很开心。 1.What he said made me _(feel) better. 2.He made me _(wait) two hours. 3.I was made _ (wait) two hours. 4.The decision made her very _ (popular) with the staff. 十二.感叹句的用法 (1)what后面接名词(当后面的名词为可数名词复数或者不可数名词时,只能用what来引导) ①What +a / an + 形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语!) 如:What a smart girl she is!她是个多么聪明的女孩啊! ②What + 形容词+可数名词复数形式(+主语+谓语!) 如:What smart girls they are!她们是多么聪明的女孩啊! ③What + 形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语!) 如:What good news it is!这是个多么好的消息啊! 注:常考的不可数名词:news, weather, sunshine, music, fun, advice, information等 (2)how后面接形容词或副词 ①How +形容词(+主语+谓语!) 如:How smart a girl she is!她是个多么聪明的女孩啊! ②How +副词(+主语+谓语!) 如:How well she dances!她跳的多好呀! ③How + 主语+谓语! 如:How time flies!时间飞逝! 把下列句子改成感叹句 1.It’s a good news. 2.Her sister is a very lovely girl. 3.Your dictionary is very useful. 4.She sings well. 十三.send的用法 (1)send sb. sth.给某人寄/送某物 如:I’ll send my grandfather a hat on his birthday.在爷爷生日时,我将寄给他一顶帽子。 (2)send sth. to sb.给某人寄/送某物 如:I’ll send a hat to my grandfather on his birthday.在爷爷生日时,我将寄给他一顶帽子。 (3)send sb. to do sth. 派某人去做某事 如:The company sent my father to work in America.公司派我爸爸去美国上班。 1.他给我寄了一封邮件。 2.我会把他的照片发给你。 十四.amaze的用法 amaze 动词,使惊奇,使惊愕 amaze sb with sth 用某物使某人感到惊讶 If something amazes you, it surprises you very much. 如果有什么让你惊讶,你非常惊讶。 amazed 形容词,惊奇的;惊喜的 be amazed at/by sth 对某事感到惊讶 be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 We were amazed at the beauty of the scenery. 我们为这里的美景而感到惊讶。 She was amazed to see her old friend yesterday. 她昨天见到老朋友很惊讶 amazing 形容词,令人惊奇的;令人惊喜的 This story is amazing.这个故事太棒了。 amazement 名词,惊讶,吃惊 to one's amazement 令人惊讶的是 To my amazement,I came first. 令我感到惊讶的是,我第一个到了。 拓展 (1)以ing结尾的形容词通常修饰物,以ed结尾的形容词通常形容人 如:I am interested in the interesting book.我对这本有趣的书感兴趣。 用所给词的适当形式填空 1.His talent _(amaze) everyone who saw his performance. 2.To our _(amaze) , she remembered every detail of the event. 3.The children were _(amaze) by the magician's tricks. 4.I was amazed _ (find) that he had finished the work so quickly. 十五.one of的用法 (1)one of the +最高级+ 名词复数+ 动词三单, 表示“最……之一”. 如:The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.黄河是中国最长的河流之一。 1.— Judy, what do you think of your junior high school life? — I think it is one of_ periods in my life. A. wonderful B. the most wonderful C. more wonderful 2.Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters_. It's one of_ places for serious mountain climbers. A.high; popular B.higher; more popular C.high; the most popular 3.The Yellow River is one of _ in China. A. the long river B. the longest river C. the longest rivers 十六.weigh的用法 (1)weigh动词,称...的重量 如:He weighed himself on the bathroom scales.他在浴室的称上称了称体重。 (2)weigh up权衡 如:You must weigh up the pros and cons.你必须权衡利弊。 (3)weight名词,重量 如:What is the weight of the parcel?包裹有多重? (4)lose weight减肥 如:She should eat less if she wants to lose weight.如果她想减肥,就应当少吃些。 (5)by weight按重量 如:Do they charge carriage by weight?他们是按重量收取运费吗? (6)in weight重量上 如:It's smaller in size but greater in weight.它体积比较小,但分量比较重。 用weigh或weight的适当形式填空 1. The kilogram is the international standard of _. 2.During her illness her _ went down from 50 kilos to 40 kilos. 3.Will you _ it, please? 4.This luggage _ 20 kilograms. 十七.enough的用法 (1)enough修饰名词时,放在名词的前面(后接动词的to do不定式) 如:I don’t have enough to buy the book.我没有足够的钱买这本书。 (2)enough修饰形容词或者副词时,放在形容词或者副词的后面 如:He is old enough to go to school.他足够大可以去学校读书了。 1.我们有足够的时间来完成这项工作。 2.足够勇敢去抓蛇的那个男孩是我的弟弟。 十八.add的用法 (1)add增加;加添;加上;补充说;附加,用作动词 常用于短语 ①add to 意为“增添,增加,增进”, 如:The bad weather added to our difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了我们的困难。 ②add A to B 意为“把A加到B”,是指把A加到B之后或之中 如:Add two to seven, and you will get nine.七加二等于九。 ③add up to意为“加起来总共是,累计得”,该短语不用于被动语态。 如:All his school education added up to no more than one year.他的学校教育加起来不过一年。 ④add up 加起来 如:Add up 3, 4 and 5, and you’ll get 12.把345加起来等于12. 1.请往咖啡里加点糖。 2.写下你所有科目的分数,然后把他们加起来。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$