08.必修第一册Unit 4 Friends forever(读后续写之动作行为1)-【同步写作课】2024-2025学年高一英语单元写作深度指导(外研版2019)

Unit 4 Friends forever 单元写作深度指导 读后续写（动作行为描写1） (2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges. Mrs Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them. One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy — his name was Bernard — had interested her very much. “I wish you could see him, ” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don’t see what he can do. ” After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money. ” said Clara. “His family is suffering so much. ” “So do I, ” said Harry. “We really should do something to assist them. ” For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish(完成). ” The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. “I tell you what we can do, ” said John. “You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn(爆米花), and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it. ” 注意: 续写词数应为150左右。 　　When Mrs Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too. ____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 　　With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business.___________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 【写作示例】 Step 1　写作技巧 1. 通读全文, 知原文要领 (1)体裁: 记叙文 (2)故事主线和线索: 在社会经济萧条的环境下, 大家仍保留自己的善良, 互相帮助。→Mrs Meredith 一家经常帮助社区中有困难的人。→Mrs Meredith向她的三个孩子介绍了家庭困难的Bernard想挣钱帮助家人, 却又不知该干什么的情况。→John, Harry和 Clara三人非常渴望帮助他, 并且确实想出了好主意——把家里的玉米做成爆米花, 让Bernard在社区售卖。 2. 读段首句, 合理设计情节 Paragraph 1: 根据段首句When Mrs Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too. 可知, Mrs Meredith认为John的想法很不错, 此段可以描写一下她对孩子们的建议和鼓励; 再结合第二段首句With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. 可知, 爆米花已经做成, 孩子们也与Bernard进行了爆米花交接, 所以此段可以描写孩子们制作爆米花的情景以及与Bernard的交接情况。 Paragraph 2: 根据段首句With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. 可知, 一切准备就绪, Bernard开始在社区内售卖爆米花。此段可以描写Bernard的售卖情况, 及他的心情和对Mrs Meredith一家对他的帮助的反应。 3. 细节描写，凸显故事主题 ①很快, 孩子们就忙着爆爆米花, 而他们的母亲则出去买纸袋。(动作描写) Very soon the children were busy popping the corn, while their mother went out to buy the paper bags.   ②他高兴得几乎说不出话来, 但他那灿烂的笑脸代表了他的心声。(心理描写+表情描写) He was so happy that he could hardly speak, but his bright smiling face spoke for him.   Step 2　衔接成篇 　　When Mrs Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too. So she praised John for his proposal, and offered him some advice. Very soon the children were busy popping the corn, while their mother went out to buy the paper bags. When she came back, she brought Bernard with her. All the children came surrounding Bernard and they gave a basket to Bernard. The basket was full of paper bags which were filled with popcorn. 　　With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. And much sooner than could be expected, Bernard returned with an empty basket. Never before had he earned so much money in his life. When he found that it was all to be his, he was so happy that he could hardly speak, but his bright smiling face spoke for him. People began to watch for the “little popcorn boy” , who earned some money to take home every week. All this was because of John’s bright idea. 读后续写动作行为描写方式（一） ▲动态介词---“位置变化” onto.../into... 到·····上去／里去 off.../out of... 从·····表面／里面离开 across.../through... 从······表面横过／从······里面穿过 along.../down.../up... 沿着······ over.../above... 在······上方越过 under.../below.../beneath... 在······下方 around.../round... 在······周围 to.../towards.../at... 朝······ at.../past.../by... 在·····旁边／从······旁边经过 onto.../into... 1. As he stepped backwards, she fell onto her knees, then onto her face. 他向后退时,她双膝跪倒在地,接着迎面倒了下去. 2.The cyclist turned off the highway onto a side road. 自行车手下了公路上了小道. 3. I marched him across the room, down the hall and out onto the doorstep. 我拽着他穿过房间和大厅,来到门阶上. 4.She had to cling onto the door handle until the pain passed. 她不得不抓紧门把手,直到那阵疼痛过去. 5.The pill itself has changed a lot since it first came onto the market. 该药片本身自首次进人市场以来已经有了很大改变. 6. Burglars broke into their home. 窃贼闯进了他们家. 7.Driving into the sun, we had to shade our eyes. 迎着太阳开车,我们只好遮挡着眼睛. 8.He had three children, and lived on into his sixties. 他已经六十多岁了,有三个孩子. 9.She was sliding into depression. 她逐渐消沉下去. 10. He's into surfing in a big way. 他迷上了冲浪运动. off.../out of... 1.I fell off the ladder. 我从梯子上跌了下来. 2. He wiped the blood off his face with his handkerchief. 他用手帕擦去脸上的血迹. 3. Their first car rolls off the production line on December 16. 他们的第一辆车于12月16日下线. 4.Lily lives in a penthouse just off Park Avenue. 莉莉住在公园大道附近的一套顶层豪华公寓里. 5. The boat was anchored off the northern coast of the country. 这艘船停泊在该国北海岸附近. 6. I heard the key turn in the front door and I was out of bed like a shot. 听到前门的钥匙转动声,我立刻起床了. 7. Alison and I had to prize conversation out of him. 我和艾莉森只得从他口中撬出谈话内容. 8.The front wheel of the bicycle was out of shape. 自行车的前轮变形了. 9.By now the plane was running out of fuel. 现在,这架飞机的燃料快用完了. 10.They helped you out of pity. 他们出于同情而帮助了你. across.../through... 1.She walked across the floor and lay down on the bed. 她走过地板躺在了床上. 2.They fled across the border. 他们穿越边界逃走了. 3. She hit the last barrier and sprawled across the track. 她撞上了最后一个跨栏,整个人趴在了跑道上. 4.A grin spread across her face. 她粲然一笑.(咧嘴笑了) 5.Her family is scattered across the country. 她的家人散居全国各地. 6. The sand ran through my fingers. 沙子从我的手指缝间漏了下去. 7.He drove through a red light. 他开车闯了红灯. 8.Alice gazed pensively through the wet glass. 艾丽斯透过湿漉漉的玻璃,神情忧郁地凝视着窗外. 9. He could just make out three people through the mist. 透过薄雾他勉强能看出有三个人. 10. Do I need to go through my doctor or can I make an appointment direct? 我必须经过我的医生,还是可以直接预约？ 11.We're playing in New Zealand and Japan through November. 整个11月我们都在新西兰和日本巡回演出. 12. You can only achieve success through hard work. 你得孜孜不倦方能成功. along.../down.../up... 1. They set out in a westerly direction along the riverbank. 他们沿着河岸向西出发了. 2.Along each wall stretched green metal filing cabinets. 绿色金属文件柜靠着各面墙依次排开. 3. They sailed down the river by moonlight. 他们在月光下沿河顺流航行. 4. All up and down the street the windows bang shut. 整条街的窗户都砰地关上了. over.../above... 1.Jane held the umbrella over her head. 简把伞举在头上. 2. I went and stood beside him, looking over his shoulder. 我走过去站在他身边,从他的肩头望过去. 3. Policemen jumped over the wall of the Spanish Embassy in pursuit. 警察在追捕中跳过西班牙大使馆的围墙. 4.The sun rose above the horizon. 太阳从地平线上升起. 5. The jet flew above the clouds. 喷气式飞机在云层上面飞行. under.../below.../beneath... 1. The dog squeezed under the gate and ran into the road. 狗从门底下钻出去,跑到大路上去了. 2.Goldfish were swimming lazily in a group just under the surface. 一群金鱼贴着水面懒洋洋地游着. 3.He had no shirt on under his thin jumper, 他在薄套头衫里面没有穿衬衣. 4.I am the new manager and you will be working under me. 我是新任的经理,你们将在我手下工作. 5.Guilin is famed for being “second to none in scenery under the sky”, 桂林因“山水甲天下”而闻名于世. 6.Under the blue/starry/cloudless/clear/cloudy/gray/autumn sky 在蓝色／布满星星／无云／晴朗／多云／灰色／秋天的天空下 7.The sun had already sunk below the horizon. 太阳已经落山了. 8. I am one grade below him. 我比他低一年级. 9.Rainfall has been below average. 降雨量低于平均水平. 10.She found pleasure in sitting beneath the trees. 她喜欢坐在树下. 11. Beneath it all, he still loves her. 掩盖这一切的是他依然爱着她. around.../round... 1. He glanced discreetly around the room at the other people. 他谨慎地瞥了一眼房间里的其他人. 2. The discussion centered around four subjects. 讨论围绕四个主题展开. 3. I've been walking around Moscow and the town is terribly quiet. 我在莫斯科到处游逛,城里非常安静. 4. They were sitting round the kitchen table. 他们正围坐在餐桌旁. 5. I'm about two inches larger round the waist. 我的腰围大概粗了两英寸. to.../towards.../at... 1.There was a piece of cloth tied to the dog's collar. 狗项圈上系着一条布. 2. Hemingway's studio is to the right. 海明威的工作室在右面. 3. She warmly extended both hands towards us. 她热情地向我们伸出了双手. 4.My feelings towards Susan have changed over the years. 这些年来我对苏珊的感情发生了变化. 5.We have made a step towards success. 我们已向成功迈进一步. 6.She opened the door and stood there, frowning at me. 她打开门站在那里,朝我皱着眉头. 7. She left the light on in the bathroom at his request. 她按照他的要求将浴室里的灯打开. at.../past.../by... 1.He just walked straight past us! 他刚与我们擦肩而过！ 2.She stared past Christine at the bed. 她的目光越过克丽斯汀盯着床. 3. An assistant sat typing away at a table beside him. 助手坐在他身旁的一张桌子旁埋头打字. 1334.Judith was sitting in a rocking-chair by the window. 朱迪丝正坐在窗户边的一张摇椅上. 5.A few cars, passed close by me. 几辆车从我身边擦身而过. ▲ “去向”：“v. +one's way+(adv. /prep. +n.)” make one's way (to/towards...) 前往··. fight/force/labour one's way (through...) 奋力前进／挤出一条路 push/shoulder/elbow/plough one's way (through...) 挤出一条路,吃力地前进 bulldoze one's way to victory/through... 节节得胜／强行通过·..... feel one's way 摸索着前行;谨慎行事 pick one's way(across/along/over/through...) 谨慎小心地前进 thread one's way through... 穿行于······ nose one's way 小心翼翼地前进 inch one's way 一点一点地前进 zigzag one's way 曲折前行 wind one's way 蜿蜒而行 snake one's way 蛇行;曲折前行 wing one's way(to...) 飞往..;被迅速送往 lose one's way 迷路;迷失方向,误入歧途 find one's way(to...) 找到正确的路(去某处) come one's way 偶然发生到某人身上 mend one's ways 改邪归正,改过自新 pave the way for... 为······铺平道路;为······做好准备 work one's way (through...) 自始至终(花精力)做某事 sleepwalk (one's way)through life 梦游人生 1.The soldiers laboured their way in the storm. 士兵们在暴风雨中吃力地前进. 2. As she picked her way carefully along the stream, Jane heard a helicopter. 正当简小心翼翼地沿着小溪择路前行时,她听了到直升飞机的声音. 3. This decision paved the way for changes in employment rights for women. 这项决议为修改妇女就业权利创造了条件. 4. He elbowed his way through the crowd. 他用手肘开路,从人群中挤了过去. 5. She was new in the job, still feeling her way. 她对该工作不熟悉,还在摸索着干. 6. The river winds its way from west to east. 该河由西向东蜿蜒前行. 7. The three-mile procession snaked its way through the richest streets of the capital. 三英里长的游行队伍弯弯曲曲地穿过了首都最繁华的街道. 8.She picked/inched her way delicately over the rough ground. 她小心翼翼地在高低不平的地面上行走. 9.I feel that the project has lost its way. 我觉得该项目已经背离原来的意图. 10. She worked her way through her homework. 她努力做完／批改了那一堆家庭作业. 11.He took whatever came his way. 无论什么事落到他头上他都认了. 12.I trust that you will take my sincere advice into serious consideration and decide to mend your ways and turn over a new leaf for your own sake. 希望你能严肃认真地考虑我真诚的建议,痛改前非,为自己的人生翻开新的一页. 13. The airplanes winged their way to the south. 飞机飞向南方. 14.On seeing the snake, I inched my way backwards. 看到那条蛇,我小心翼翼退回去了. 15. Don't sleepwalk your way through life then. 不要稀里糊涂梦游人生. 16.Don't just bulldoze your way through this assignment-research the data carefully. 不要强行完成任务－－仔细研究数据吧. 17.I bulldozed my way through the obstacle course and ended up skinning both my knees. 我强行通过障碍赛跑场地／克服重重困难,结果摔倒蹭破了膝盖. 18.He bulldozed his way to victory, 他一路过关斩将,取得了最后胜利. 19.He climbed the fence, threaded his stealthy way through the plants, till he stood under that window. 他爬过栅栏,穿过花草,悄悄地一直走到窗户下面才站住. ▲位置移动---启程与到达 set off for... 动身前往／出发前往·..·. leave for... 动身去.. make for... 向·····走去;朝······前进 head for the school 去学校 head home/out/inside 回家／出去／进去 get to... 到达···.. arrive at/in... 到达···. reach... 到达···... end up in/at... 最终来到··.... set foot on/in...step on/in... 踏上／踏人··... 1.The children set off for school after they had breakfast. 孩子们吃过早饭上学去了. 2. We set off for Newcastle but ended up in Scotland. 我们动身去纽卡斯尔,可后来却到了苏格兰. 3. It's still uncertain when we would leave for Wuhan. 什么时候去武汉还说不定. 4. He rose from his seat and made for the door. 他从椅子上起身向门口走去. 5.I need to get to Lyon by nightfall. 我需要在黄昏前到达里昂. 6. As soon as you arrive at your destination, step out of the aircraft and reset your wristwatch. 你一到目的地,就走出飞机并重新设置手表时间. 7. I'll get in touch with you as soon as I arrive in California. 我一到加州就马上与你联络. 8. If they followed the road, they would be certain to reach a village. 如果他们沿着这条路走,就一定会到达一个村庄. 9. He completely missed the fairway from his tee shot, and his ball ended up in the bushes. 他发球发到了球道外面,球最后飞进了灌木丛. 10. He kept running and running until he ended up at the edge of a very steep cliff. 他跑啊跑,最后跑到了一个悬崖峭壁边. 11.I lost my bearings and ended up at the entrance again. 我迷了路,最终又回到人口处. 12.This is the first time I have left my country and set foot on foreign soil. 这是我第一次走出国门,踏上异国土地. 13.Do you still remember the name of the man who is the first to set foot on the moon? 你还记得第一个登上月球的人的名字吗？ 14.There will be a pressure from the outside for me to succeed, but every time I set foot on to a football pitch, I want to enjoy it. 来自外界的压力会助我成功,但每当我踏上球场,我就会享受这一刻. 15.I feel their warmth and find myself in an ocean of friendship whenever I set foot on Chinese soil. 每次踏上中国这片土地,他们的热情都让我感到仿佛置身于友谊的海洋中. 16. He finally set foot on his homeland twenty years later. 二十年后,他终于踏上了他的故土. 17. No man has ever set foot on that rocky island; it's impossible to land there. 没人涉足那个岩岛,不可能在那儿上岸. 18. He said he would never set foot in that house again. 他说他永远不再踏进那座房子了. 19. Barely had I set foot in the street when I realized I was lost. 我在街上没走几步就意识到自己迷路了. 20.A little later I left that place and never set foot in Texas again. 之后没多久我离开了那个地方,从此再也没有回过得克萨斯. 一、技巧总结 　读后续写要求我们续写人物经历, 补充故事情节。在续写中存在的典型问题有: 情节构思与前文不连接、续写内容欠丰满、语言表达欠生动等。其中一个重要原因是考生不会根据文章主题和故事发展的需要, 生动、细致地描写主要人物的动作, 导致续写文章情节失真、内容平淡、人物苍白、语言空洞。下面是三个妙招, 帮助大家掌握动作描写。 技巧1: 精准化定位动作 　　使用精准化动作类词汇对动作进行细致描写。用一系列小动作而不用大动作, 或者用含义比较明确的动词而不用抽象或虚化的动词来描述, 可以使描写更加具体生动。试比较下面两句: 　　①The little boy said sorry to his mother. 　　②The little boy hung his head and mumbled an apology to his mother. 分析: ①句中“said sorry to”不带任何感情色彩, 而②句中使用了具体化的表示“说”的动词mumbled, 从而使一个不愿意道歉又不得不道歉的小男孩的形象栩栩如生地复现在读者脑海中。 　　除了要精准选用表示动作的词语, 还要给动词加上适当的修饰成分。适当的修饰语能细致地表达出动作的时间、幅度、速度、力度等, 使人物形象更具活力, 能更好地表现人物的鲜明个性与思想境界。动作描写中最常见的修饰成分就是状语, 如副词、介词短语等。 　　例如, 在体现动作的迅速和短暂时, 我们可以添加以下修饰语: suddenly、immediately、without pausing、without delay等。试比较下面两句: ①The wolf also noticed them and turned its head back, shouting at Paul and Becky. ②At the same time, the wolf also noticed them and fiercely turned its head back, shouting loudly at Paul and Becky. 分析: 第二句中加上了at the same time“与此同时”, fiercely“激烈地”, loudly“大声地”这三个副词, 把这两个人遇到狼这个危险情况生动表达了出来。 技巧2: 过程化叙述动作 　　记叙文中有不少动作描写是一连串动作过程的展示。尤其在展示人物个性的动作时, 如果我们蜻蜓点水、一笔带过, 就很难突出人物形象, 也很难给人以深刻的印象, 而通过细节描写展现出动作的过程, 表现力就会大增。试比较下面两句: 　　①She went to catch the butterfly. ②She crept along the path, bent over swiftly and cupped her hands around the butterfly gently. 分析: ①句在描写主人公捕捉蝴蝶的动作时, 没有细致的动作过程描写, 因此显得很平淡。而②句运用了creep, bend over, cup三个连贯的动词(短语)生动具体地描述了主人公小心翼翼捕捉蝴蝶的微妙过程, 具有极强的画面感。因此, 在续写过程中, 在必要的地方恰当使用一连串的动词来表示过程, 能为文章增添不少色彩。 技巧3: 修辞化描绘动作 　　除了在动词上做调整, 还可以利用恰当的修辞手法来帮助描写动作。比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞手法都能让动作描写变得更有表现力。 　　(1)比喻 　　①The old man’s face wrinkled. 　　②The old man’s face was like a withered apple. 　　分析: 第②句使用了比喻手法, 不说“皱起来”, 而说“像一个枯萎的苹果”, 使得对于脸部的描述更加生动形象, 更加吸引眼球。 　　(2)拟人 　　①My stomach was aching for not eating on time. ②My stomach was punishing me for not eating on time. 　　分析: 第②句使用了拟人手法, 不说“疼痛”, 而说“惩罚我”, 更加生动有趣。 　　(3)夸张 　　①When she heard the bad news, she cried. ②When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out. 分析: 第②句使用了夸张手法, 不说“哭”, 而说“泪流如河”, 悲伤之情跃然纸上。 二、写作示例 1.按要求用含有“head”的表达补全以下各句 ①史蒂文低着头，眼里含泪，慢慢地向公交车走去。 Steven walked slowly to the bus, his_head_down,_tears in his eyes. (独立主格) ②他的朋友John向他点头微笑。 His_friend_John_nodded_his_head and smiled at him. ③他心情不好，低下头来掩饰， 勉强笑了一下。 Though he was in a bad mood, he_dropped_his_head_to_hide_it_and_managed_a_smile. ④回到家中，他把头埋到被子底下，假装睡着了。 When_he_got_home,_he_buried_his_head_under_the_quilt,_pretending to be asleep. ⑤他母亲停下了家务活，满眼诧异地抬起头。 His mother stopped her housework, raising_her_head_with_surprise_in_her_eyes. (非谓语动词短语作状语) ⑥史蒂文起来坐在母亲身边，将头靠在她的肩膀上，哭泣起来。 Steven rose, sat close to his mother and rested_his_head_on/against_his_mother's_shoulder,_weeping. 2.将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Steven walked slowly to the bus, his head down, tears in his eyes. His friend John nodded his head and smiled at him. Though he was in a bad mood, he dropped his head to hide it and managed a smile. When he got home, he buried his head under the quilt, pretending to be asleep. However, his mother stopped her housework, raising her head with surprise in her eyes. Then Steven rose, sat close to his mother and rested his head on/against his mother's shoulder, weeping. 一、短文填空 (2017·全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解B改编)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I first met Paul Newman in 1968. Our friendship that grew out of the experience of making the film Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid and The Sting four years 1. later (later) had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were 2. respectful (respect) of craft(技艺)and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the 3. qualities (quality) and virtues that are typical of American actors: 4. humorous (humour), aggressive, and making fun of each other—but always with an underlying affection. Those were also 5. at the core(核心)of our relationship off the screen. We shared the belief 6. that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that 7. regularly (regular), but 8. sharing (share) that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events. Paul was ill a few months ago. He and I both knew 9. what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours 10. was (be) a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words. 二、读后续写 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　Ella had two exams that day—physics and history. She really hated physics. It was her worst subject. Terry looked at her, and then looked away quickly. Ella thought Terry looked pleased, because she didn’t have a problem with physics, she didn’t have a problem with anything. . . Miss Perfect(完美)! 　　“I thought we were friends, but she hasn’t spoken to me for two weeks now. She promised to help me go over for the physics exam too, but then she’s forgotten all my calls and texts. And when I rang her house, her mum just told me she was busy. ”Ella thought angrily. At that moment, Mr Reed asked all the students into the exam room. 　　Ella couldn’t answer some physics questions. Suddenly she saw Terry sitting two rows in front of her. Ella couldn’t believe it! Terry was holding her phone on her knee under the table and reading from it. Is that how Terry always got such good grades? She felt really angry at Terry, and thought about telling the teacher, but. . . “Stop writing, ”said Mr Reed and started to collect the exam papers. Oh no, Ella hadn’t answered two of the questions. She was going to fail again! 　　Ella wanted to talk to Terry at lunchtime, but she couldn’t find her anywhere. Ella went to the library to prepare for the history exam, which was her favorite. But she couldn’t concentrate. “Unfair! Terry was getting good grades by cheating all that time. ”She thought about telling a teacher, but everyone would hate her if she did that. Just then, Mr Reed walked past her table. “Mr Reed. . . ” 　　Ella was sitting behind Terry again in the history exam that afternoon. Mr Reed wanted her to look at Terry and agreed if she saw that Terry was cheating in the exam. 注意: 续写词数应为150个左右。 　　She was working on the last question when she saw that Terry had her phone under the table. ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 　　Ella was walking towards the school gate when she saw Terry waiting for her there. ______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 【写作分析】 [内容建构] [句式激活] ·完成句子 1. 里德先生悄悄地走到特里身边, 拿起了特里的电话。(pick up) Mr Reed went to Terry quietly and picked up Terry’s phone.   2. 一切都很清楚。(clear) All was clear.   3. 里德先生让她离开教室。(ask) Mr Reed asked her to leave the classroom.   4. 考试的时候, 我读了妈妈发来的短信, 想看看进展如何。(go) During exams I was reading texts from my mum to see how it was going.   5. 我向里德先生解释过了。(explain) I have explained to Mr Reed.   6. 他让我重新参加考试。(take) He asked me to take the exam again.   7. 很抱歉我没有告诉你所发生的事。(happen) I’m sorry I didn’t tell you what was happening.   8. 艾拉也忍不住哭了起来。(help) Ella couldn’t help crying, either.   9. 你本应该早点告诉我这件事。(should) You should have told me this earlier.   10. 让我知道你是否有困难。(difficulty) Let me know if you have difficulties.   11. 用with复合结构连接句2和句3。 With all clear, Mr Reed asked her to leave the classroom.   12. 用and连接句5和句6。 I have explained to Mr Reed and he asked me to take the exam again.   [衔接成篇] ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] 　　She was working on the last question when she saw that Terry had her phone under the table. Ella nodded to Mr Reed. Mr Reed went to Terry quietly and picked up Terry’s phone. With all clear, Mr Reed asked her to leave the classroom. Terry walked out crying. Everyone was staring at her and Ella felt really relaxed. 　　Ella was walking towards the school gate when she saw Terry waiting for her there. “Ella, please wait. ” Terry said, “I’m sorry I haven’t answered any of your calls, but my dad’s been ill for two weeks and had a heart operation today. During exams I was reading texts from my mum to see how it was going. I have explained to Mr Reed and he asked me to take the exam again. I’m sorry I didn’t tell you what was happening. ” Ella couldn’t help crying, either. “You should have told me this earlier. Let me know if you have difficulties. We are true friends. ” (2022·浙江1月高考改编)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Dr. Henderson was assigning(指定) project mates for his psychology class, I secretly hoped he would pair me with my best friend or at least a classmate I could have some fun with. Above all, I hoped he wouldn’t assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match. As fate (命运)would have it, Dr. Henderson very deliberately matched everyone in class and announced that I would be working with the one person in class I wanted to avoid. I went up to my new teammate and introduced myself. He looked at me as though I weren’t there. I felt he treated me as though I would hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A in the course. He wasn’t mean or abusive.He just gave me the impression he could do whatever project we dreamed up better if he did it alone. Needless to say, I didn’t look forward to an entire term of being brushed off, but I tried to make the best of it and didn’t say anything for fear that I would make things worse. The project required each team to develop a hypothesis(假说), set up an experiment to test the hypothesis, do the statistical analysis and present the findings. Whatever grade the team received would be shared by both students. When my teammate and I met to discuss our project, I was uneasy. Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades—the exact opposite of me. I was outmatched. I actually wanted to drop the class at one point, but stopped short because I didn’t want to give him the satisfaction of my chickening out. I decided to stick to it no matter what. After long discussions we somehow agreed to do a study on the psychological well-being of teenagers. I wasn’t sure what it meant exactly, but at least we had a topic. 注意:续写词数应为150左右。 We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans.  ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease.  ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 考场满分作文 评卷老师点评 　　We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans. ①Though I wanted to share my ideas with him fully, I failed to do so for fear that I would hold him back. ②I just kept nodding when he asked me whether it was OK to do this way or that way. I thought ③it was impossible to persuade him into accepting my views, so I didn’t want to waste our time to discuss. ④I started to wait to leave immediately we arrived at the place, and so did he. I just hoped that the presentation day could come earlier. 　　One day I got word ⑤that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease. I felt so sorry to hear that and I thought I should visit him in any case. He was a little surprised to see me when I stepped into his ward with some flowers and fruits. ⑥I offered to do the rest work of our project and he invited me to share my ideas to perfect it. We began to work as a fine team and finally finished our project on time. Our hard work ⑦paid off and Dr. Henderson was very satisfied with our wonderful findings. From this project, we also learned the significance of teammates. ⑧Just as the saying goes, one person can go far, but a group of persons can travel farther. ①使用逻辑关系词。 ②使用了非谓语、时间状语从句和宾语从句。 ③使用了高级句式。 ④使用了高级句式。 ⑤使用了同位语从句。 ⑥使用了并列句结构。 ⑦使用了高级词汇。 ⑧引用了谚语。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Friends forever 单元写作深度指导 读后续写（动作行为描写1） (2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges. Mrs Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them. One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy — his name was Bernard — had interested her very much. “I wish you could see him, ” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don’t see what he can do. ” After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money. ” said Clara. “His family is suffering so much. ” “So do I, ” said Harry. “We really should do something to assist them. ” For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish(完成). ” The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. “I tell you what we can do, ” said John. “You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn(爆米花), and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it. ” 注意: 续写词数应为150左右。 　　When Mrs Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too. ____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 　　With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business.___________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 【写作示例】 Step 1　写作技巧 1. 通读全文, 知原文要领 (1)体裁: 记叙文 (2)故事主线和线索: 在社会经济萧条的环境下, 大家仍保留自己的善良, 互相帮助。→Mrs Meredith 一家经常帮助社区中有困难的人。→Mrs Meredith向她的三个孩子介绍了家庭困难的Bernard想挣钱帮助家人, 却又不知该干什么的情况。→John, Harry和 Clara三人非常渴望帮助他, 并且确实想出了好主意——把家里的玉米做成爆米花, 让Bernard在社区售卖。 2. 读段首句, 合理设计情节 Paragraph 1: 根据段首句When Mrs Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too. 可知, Mrs Meredith认为John的想法很不错, 此段可以描写一下她对孩子们的建议和鼓励; 再结合第二段首句With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. 可知, 爆米花已经做成, 孩子们也与Bernard进行了爆米花交接, 所以此段可以描写孩子们制作爆米花的情景以及与Bernard的交接情况。 Paragraph 2: 根据段首句With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. 可知, 一切准备就绪, Bernard开始在社区内售卖爆米花。此段可以描写Bernard的售卖情况, 及他的心情和对Mrs Meredith一家对他的帮助的反应。 3. 细节描写，凸显故事主题 ①很快, 孩子们就忙着爆爆米花, 而他们的母亲则出去买纸袋。(动作描写) Very soon the children were busy popping the corn, while their mother went out to buy the paper bags.   ②他高兴得几乎说不出话来, 但他那灿烂的笑脸代表了他的心声。(心理描写+表情描写) He was so happy that he could hardly speak, but his bright smiling face spoke for him.   Step 2　衔接成篇 　　When Mrs Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too. So she praised John for his proposal, and offered him some advice. Very soon the children were busy popping the corn, while their mother went out to buy the paper bags. When she came back, she brought Bernard with her. All the children came surrounding Bernard and they gave a basket to Bernard. The basket was full of paper bags which were filled with popcorn. 　　With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. And much sooner than could be expected, Bernard returned with an empty basket. Never before had he earned so much money in his life. When he found that it was all to be his, he was so happy that he could hardly speak, but his bright smiling face spoke for him. People began to watch for the “little popcorn boy” , who earned some money to take home every week. All this was because of John’s bright idea. 读后续写动作行为描写方式（一） ▲动态介词---“位置变化” onto.../into... 到·····上去／里去 off.../out of... 从·····表面／里面离开 across.../through... 从······表面横过／从······里面穿过 along.../down.../up... 沿着······ over.../above... 在······上方越过 under.../below.../beneath... 在······下方 around.../round... 在······周围 to.../towards.../at... 朝······ at.../past.../by... 在·····旁边／从······旁边经过 onto.../into... 1. As he stepped backwards, she fell onto her knees, then onto her face. 他向后退时,她双膝跪倒在地,接着迎面倒了下去. 2.The cyclist turned off the highway onto a side road. 自行车手下了公路上了小道. 3. I marched him across the room, down the hall and out onto the doorstep. 我拽着他穿过房间和大厅,来到门阶上. 4.She had to cling onto the door handle until the pain passed. 她不得不抓紧门把手,直到那阵疼痛过去. 5.The pill itself has changed a lot since it first came onto the market. 该药片本身自首次进人市场以来已经有了很大改变. 6. Burglars broke into their home. 窃贼闯进了他们家. 7.Driving into the sun, we had to shade our eyes. 迎着太阳开车,我们只好遮挡着眼睛. 8.He had three children, and lived on into his sixties. 他已经六十多岁了,有三个孩子. 9.She was sliding into depression. 她逐渐消沉下去. 10. He's into surfing in a big way. 他迷上了冲浪运动. off.../out of... 1.I fell off the ladder. 我从梯子上跌了下来. 2. He wiped the blood off his face with his handkerchief. 他用手帕擦去脸上的血迹. 3. Their first car rolls off the production line on December 16. 他们的第一辆车于12月16日下线. 4.Lily lives in a penthouse just off Park Avenue. 莉莉住在公园大道附近的一套顶层豪华公寓里. 5. The boat was anchored off the northern coast of the country. 这艘船停泊在该国北海岸附近. 6. I heard the key turn in the front door and I was out of bed like a shot. 听到前门的钥匙转动声,我立刻起床了. 7. Alison and I had to prize conversation out of him. 我和艾莉森只得从他口中撬出谈话内容. 8.The front wheel of the bicycle was out of shape. 自行车的前轮变形了. 9.By now the plane was running out of fuel. 现在,这架飞机的燃料快用完了. 10.They helped you out of pity. 他们出于同情而帮助了你. across.../through... 1.She walked across the floor and lay down on the bed. 她走过地板躺在了床上. 2.They fled across the border. 他们穿越边界逃走了. 3. She hit the last barrier and sprawled across the track. 她撞上了最后一个跨栏,整个人趴在了跑道上. 4.A grin spread across her face. 她粲然一笑.(咧嘴笑了) 5.Her family is scattered across the country. 她的家人散居全国各地. 6. The sand ran through my fingers. 沙子从我的手指缝间漏了下去. 7.He drove through a red light. 他开车闯了红灯. 8.Alice gazed pensively through the wet glass. 艾丽斯透过湿漉漉的玻璃,神情忧郁地凝视着窗外. 9. He could just make out three people through the mist. 透过薄雾他勉强能看出有三个人. 10. Do I need to go through my doctor or can I make an appointment direct? 我必须经过我的医生,还是可以直接预约？ 11.We're playing in New Zealand and Japan through November. 整个11月我们都在新西兰和日本巡回演出. 12. You can only achieve success through hard work. 你得孜孜不倦方能成功. along.../down.../up... 1. They set out in a westerly direction along the riverbank. 他们沿着河岸向西出发了. 2.Along each wall stretched green metal filing cabinets. 绿色金属文件柜靠着各面墙依次排开. 3. They sailed down the river by moonlight. 他们在月光下沿河顺流航行. 4. All up and down the street the windows bang shut. 整条街的窗户都砰地关上了. over.../above... 1.Jane held the umbrella over her head. 简把伞举在头上. 2. I went and stood beside him, looking over his shoulder. 我走过去站在他身边,从他的肩头望过去. 3. Policemen jumped over the wall of the Spanish Embassy in pursuit. 警察在追捕中跳过西班牙大使馆的围墙. 4.The sun rose above the horizon. 太阳从地平线上升起. 5. The jet flew above the clouds. 喷气式飞机在云层上面飞行. under.../below.../beneath... 1. The dog squeezed under the gate and ran into the road. 狗从门底下钻出去,跑到大路上去了. 2.Goldfish were swimming lazily in a group just under the surface. 一群金鱼贴着水面懒洋洋地游着. 3.He had no shirt on under his thin jumper, 他在薄套头衫里面没有穿衬衣. 4.I am the new manager and you will be working under me. 我是新任的经理,你们将在我手下工作. 5.Guilin is famed for being “second to none in scenery under the sky”, 桂林因“山水甲天下”而闻名于世. 6.Under the blue/starry/cloudless/clear/cloudy/gray/autumn sky 在蓝色／布满星星／无云／晴朗／多云／灰色／秋天的天空下 7.The sun had already sunk below the horizon. 太阳已经落山了. 8. I am one grade below him. 我比他低一年级. 9.Rainfall has been below average. 降雨量低于平均水平. 10.She found pleasure in sitting beneath the trees. 她喜欢坐在树下. 11. Beneath it all, he still loves her. 掩盖这一切的是他依然爱着她. around.../round... 1. He glanced discreetly around the room at the other people. 他谨慎地瞥了一眼房间里的其他人. 2. The discussion centered around four subjects. 讨论围绕四个主题展开. 3. I've been walking around Moscow and the town is terribly quiet. 我在莫斯科到处游逛,城里非常安静. 4. They were sitting round the kitchen table. 他们正围坐在餐桌旁. 5. I'm about two inches larger round the waist. 我的腰围大概粗了两英寸. to.../towards.../at... 1.There was a piece of cloth tied to the dog's collar. 狗项圈上系着一条布. 2. Hemingway's studio is to the right. 海明威的工作室在右面. 3. She warmly extended both hands towards us. 她热情地向我们伸出了双手. 4.My feelings towards Susan have changed over the years. 这些年来我对苏珊的感情发生了变化. 5.We have made a step towards success. 我们已向成功迈进一步. 6.She opened the door and stood there, frowning at me. 她打开门站在那里,朝我皱着眉头. 7. She left the light on in the bathroom at his request. 她按照他的要求将浴室里的灯打开. at.../past.../by... 1.He just walked straight past us! 他刚与我们擦肩而过！ 2.She stared past Christine at the bed. 她的目光越过克丽斯汀盯着床. 3. An assistant sat typing away at a table beside him. 助手坐在他身旁的一张桌子旁埋头打字. 1334.Judith was sitting in a rocking-chair by the window. 朱迪丝正坐在窗户边的一张摇椅上. 5.A few cars, passed close by me. 几辆车从我身边擦身而过. ▲ “去向”：“v. +one's way+(adv. /prep. +n.)” make one's way (to/towards...) 前往··. fight/force/labour one's way (through...) 奋力前进／挤出一条路 push/shoulder/elbow/plough one's way (through...) 挤出一条路,吃力地前进 bulldoze one's way to victory/through... 节节得胜／强行通过·..... feel one's way 摸索着前行;谨慎行事 pick one's way(across/along/over/through...) 谨慎小心地前进 thread one's way through... 穿行于······ nose one's way 小心翼翼地前进 inch one's way 一点一点地前进 zigzag one's way 曲折前行 wind one's way 蜿蜒而行 snake one's way 蛇行;曲折前行 wing one's way(to...) 飞往..;被迅速送往 lose one's way 迷路;迷失方向,误入歧途 find one's way(to...) 找到正确的路(去某处) come one's way 偶然发生到某人身上 mend one's ways 改邪归正,改过自新 pave the way for... 为······铺平道路;为······做好准备 work one's way (through...) 自始至终(花精力)做某事 sleepwalk (one's way)through life 梦游人生 1.The soldiers laboured their way in the storm. 士兵们在暴风雨中吃力地前进. 2. As she picked her way carefully along the stream, Jane heard a helicopter. 正当简小心翼翼地沿着小溪择路前行时,她听了到直升飞机的声音. 3. This decision paved the way for changes in employment rights for women. 这项决议为修改妇女就业权利创造了条件. 4. He elbowed his way through the crowd. 他用手肘开路,从人群中挤了过去. 5. She was new in the job, still feeling her way. 她对该工作不熟悉,还在摸索着干. 6. The river winds its way from west to east. 该河由西向东蜿蜒前行. 7. The three-mile procession snaked its way through the richest streets of the capital. 三英里长的游行队伍弯弯曲曲地穿过了首都最繁华的街道. 8.She picked/inched her way delicately over the rough ground. 她小心翼翼地在高低不平的地面上行走. 9.I feel that the project has lost its way. 我觉得该项目已经背离原来的意图. 10. She worked her way through her homework. 她努力做完／批改了那一堆家庭作业. 11.He took whatever came his way. 无论什么事落到他头上他都认了. 12.I trust that you will take my sincere advice into serious consideration and decide to mend your ways and turn over a new leaf for your own sake. 希望你能严肃认真地考虑我真诚的建议,痛改前非,为自己的人生翻开新的一页. 13. The airplanes winged their way to the south. 飞机飞向南方. 14.On seeing the snake, I inched my way backwards. 看到那条蛇,我小心翼翼退回去了. 15. Don't sleepwalk your way through life then. 不要稀里糊涂梦游人生. 16.Don't just bulldoze your way through this assignment-research the data carefully. 不要强行完成任务－－仔细研究数据吧. 17.I bulldozed my way through the obstacle course and ended up skinning both my knees. 我强行通过障碍赛跑场地／克服重重困难,结果摔倒蹭破了膝盖. 18.He bulldozed his way to victory, 他一路过关斩将,取得了最后胜利. 19.He climbed the fence, threaded his stealthy way through the plants, till he stood under that window. 他爬过栅栏,穿过花草,悄悄地一直走到窗户下面才站住. ▲位置移动---启程与到达 set off for... 动身前往／出发前往·..·. leave for... 动身去.. make for... 向·····走去;朝······前进 head for the school 去学校 head home/out/inside 回家／出去／进去 get to... 到达···.. arrive at/in... 到达···. reach... 到达···... end up in/at... 最终来到··.... set foot on/in...step on/in... 踏上／踏人··... 1.The children set off for school after they had breakfast. 孩子们吃过早饭上学去了. 2. We set off for Newcastle but ended up in Scotland. 我们动身去纽卡斯尔,可后来却到了苏格兰. 3. It's still uncertain when we would leave for Wuhan. 什么时候去武汉还说不定. 4. He rose from his seat and made for the door. 他从椅子上起身向门口走去. 5.I need to get to Lyon by nightfall. 我需要在黄昏前到达里昂. 6. As soon as you arrive at your destination, step out of the aircraft and reset your wristwatch. 你一到目的地,就走出飞机并重新设置手表时间. 7. I'll get in touch with you as soon as I arrive in California. 我一到加州就马上与你联络. 8. If they followed the road, they would be certain to reach a village. 如果他们沿着这条路走,就一定会到达一个村庄. 9. He completely missed the fairway from his tee shot, and his ball ended up in the bushes. 他发球发到了球道外面,球最后飞进了灌木丛. 10. He kept running and running until he ended up at the edge of a very steep cliff. 他跑啊跑,最后跑到了一个悬崖峭壁边. 11.I lost my bearings and ended up at the entrance again. 我迷了路,最终又回到人口处. 12.This is the first time I have left my country and set foot on foreign soil. 这是我第一次走出国门,踏上异国土地. 13.Do you still remember the name of the man who is the first to set foot on the moon? 你还记得第一个登上月球的人的名字吗？ 14.There will be a pressure from the outside for me to succeed, but every time I set foot on to a football pitch, I want to enjoy it. 来自外界的压力会助我成功,但每当我踏上球场,我就会享受这一刻. 15.I feel their warmth and find myself in an ocean of friendship whenever I set foot on Chinese soil. 每次踏上中国这片土地,他们的热情都让我感到仿佛置身于友谊的海洋中. 16. He finally set foot on his homeland twenty years later. 二十年后,他终于踏上了他的故土. 17. No man has ever set foot on that rocky island; it's impossible to land there. 没人涉足那个岩岛,不可能在那儿上岸. 18. He said he would never set foot in that house again. 他说他永远不再踏进那座房子了. 19. Barely had I set foot in the street when I realized I was lost. 我在街上没走几步就意识到自己迷路了. 20.A little later I left that place and never set foot in Texas again. 之后没多久我离开了那个地方,从此再也没有回过得克萨斯. 一、技巧总结 　读后续写要求我们续写人物经历, 补充故事情节。在续写中存在的典型问题有: 情节构思与前文不连接、续写内容欠丰满、语言表达欠生动等。其中一个重要原因是考生不会根据文章主题和故事发展的需要, 生动、细致地描写主要人物的动作, 导致续写文章情节失真、内容平淡、人物苍白、语言空洞。下面是三个妙招, 帮助大家掌握动作描写。 技巧1: 精准化定位动作 　　使用精准化动作类词汇对动作进行细致描写。用一系列小动作而不用大动作, 或者用含义比较明确的动词而不用抽象或虚化的动词来描述, 可以使描写更加具体生动。试比较下面两句: 　　①The little boy said sorry to his mother. 　　②The little boy hung his head and mumbled an apology to his mother. 分析: ①句中“said sorry to”不带任何感情色彩, 而②句中使用了具体化的表示“说”的动词mumbled, 从而使一个不愿意道歉又不得不道歉的小男孩的形象栩栩如生地复现在读者脑海中。 　　除了要精准选用表示动作的词语, 还要给动词加上适当的修饰成分。适当的修饰语能细致地表达出动作的时间、幅度、速度、力度等, 使人物形象更具活力, 能更好地表现人物的鲜明个性与思想境界。动作描写中最常见的修饰成分就是状语, 如副词、介词短语等。 　　例如, 在体现动作的迅速和短暂时, 我们可以添加以下修饰语: suddenly、immediately、without pausing、without delay等。试比较下面两句: ①The wolf also noticed them and turned its head back, shouting at Paul and Becky. ②At the same time, the wolf also noticed them and fiercely turned its head back, shouting loudly at Paul and Becky. 分析: 第二句中加上了at the same time“与此同时”, fiercely“激烈地”, loudly“大声地”这三个副词, 把这两个人遇到狼这个危险情况生动表达了出来。 技巧2: 过程化叙述动作 　　记叙文中有不少动作描写是一连串动作过程的展示。尤其在展示人物个性的动作时, 如果我们蜻蜓点水、一笔带过, 就很难突出人物形象, 也很难给人以深刻的印象, 而通过细节描写展现出动作的过程, 表现力就会大增。试比较下面两句: 　　①She went to catch the butterfly. ②She crept along the path, bent over swiftly and cupped her hands around the butterfly gently. 分析: ①句在描写主人公捕捉蝴蝶的动作时, 没有细致的动作过程描写, 因此显得很平淡。而②句运用了creep, bend over, cup三个连贯的动词(短语)生动具体地描述了主人公小心翼翼捕捉蝴蝶的微妙过程, 具有极强的画面感。因此, 在续写过程中, 在必要的地方恰当使用一连串的动词来表示过程, 能为文章增添不少色彩。 技巧3: 修辞化描绘动作 　　除了在动词上做调整, 还可以利用恰当的修辞手法来帮助描写动作。比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞手法都能让动作描写变得更有表现力。 　　(1)比喻 　　①The old man’s face wrinkled. 　　②The old man’s face was like a withered apple. 　　分析: 第②句使用了比喻手法, 不说“皱起来”, 而说“像一个枯萎的苹果”, 使得对于脸部的描述更加生动形象, 更加吸引眼球。 　　(2)拟人 　　①My stomach was aching for not eating on time. ②My stomach was punishing me for not eating on time. 　　分析: 第②句使用了拟人手法, 不说“疼痛”, 而说“惩罚我”, 更加生动有趣。 　　(3)夸张 　　①When she heard the bad news, she cried. ②When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out. 分析: 第②句使用了夸张手法, 不说“哭”, 而说“泪流如河”, 悲伤之情跃然纸上。 二、写作示例 1.按要求用含有“head”的表达补全以下各句 ①史蒂文低着头，眼里含泪，慢慢地向公交车走去。 Steven walked slowly to the bus, ，tears in his eyes. (独立主格) ②他的朋友John向他点头微笑。 and smiled at him. ③他心情不好，低下头来掩饰， 勉强笑了一下。 Though he was in a bad mood, . ④回到家中，他把头埋到被子底下，假装睡着了。 , pretending to be asleep. ⑤他母亲停下了家务活，满眼诧异地抬起头。 His mother stopped her housework, . (非谓语动词短语作状语) ⑥史蒂文起来坐在母亲身边，将头靠在她的肩膀上，哭泣起来。 Steven rose, sat close to his mother and ,weeping. 2.将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、短文填空 (2017·全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解B改编)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I first met Paul Newman in 1968. Our friendship that grew out of the experience of making the film Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid and The Sting four years 1. ________________ (later) had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were 2. ________________ (respect) of craft(技艺)and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the 3. ________________ (quality) and virtues that are typical of American actors: 4. ________________ (humour), aggressive, and making fun of each other—but always with an underlying affection. Those were also 5. ________________ the core(核心)of our relationship off the screen. We shared the belief 6. ________________ if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that 7. ________________ (regular), but 8. ________________ (share) that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events. Paul was ill a few months ago. He and I both knew 9. ________________ the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours 10. ________________ (be) a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words. 二、读后续写 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　Ella had two exams that day—physics and history. She really hated physics. It was her worst subject. Terry looked at her, and then looked away quickly. Ella thought Terry looked pleased, because she didn’t have a problem with physics, she didn’t have a problem with anything. . . Miss Perfect(完美)! 　　“I thought we were friends, but she hasn’t spoken to me for two weeks now. She promised to help me go over for the physics exam too, but then she’s forgotten all my calls and texts. And when I rang her house, her mum just told me she was busy. ”Ella thought angrily. At that moment, Mr Reed asked all the students into the exam room. 　　Ella couldn’t answer some physics questions. Suddenly she saw Terry sitting two rows in front of her. Ella couldn’t believe it! Terry was holding her phone on her knee under the table and reading from it. Is that how Terry always got such good grades? She felt really angry at Terry, and thought about telling the teacher, but. . . “Stop writing, ”said Mr Reed and started to collect the exam papers. Oh no, Ella hadn’t answered two of the questions. She was going to fail again! 　　Ella wanted to talk to Terry at lunchtime, but she couldn’t find her anywhere. Ella went to the library to prepare for the history exam, which was her favorite. But she couldn’t concentrate. “Unfair! Terry was getting good grades by cheating all that time. ”She thought about telling a teacher, but everyone would hate her if she did that. Just then, Mr Reed walked past her table. “Mr Reed. . . ” 　　Ella was sitting behind Terry again in the history exam that afternoon. Mr Reed wanted her to look at Terry and agreed if she saw that Terry was cheating in the exam. 注意: 续写词数应为150个左右。 　　She was working on the last question when she saw that Terry had her phone under the table. ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 　　Ella was walking towards the school gate when she saw Terry waiting for her there. ______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 【写作分析】 [内容建构] [句式激活] ·完成句子 1. 里德先生悄悄地走到特里身边, 拿起了特里的电话。(pick up) __________________________________________   2. 一切都很清楚。(clear) __________________________________________ 3. 里德先生让她离开教室。(ask) __________________________________________ 4. 考试的时候, 我读了妈妈发来的短信, 想看看进展如何。(go) __________________________________________ 5. 我向里德先生解释过了。(explain) __________________________________________ 6. 他让我重新参加考试。(take) __________________________________________ 7. 很抱歉我没有告诉你所发生的事。(happen) __________________________________________ 8. 艾拉也忍不住哭了起来。(help) __________________________________________ 9. 你本应该早点告诉我这件事。(should) __________________________________________ 10. 让我知道你是否有困难。(difficulty) __________________________________________ 11. 用with复合结构连接句2和句3。 __________________________________________ 12. 用and连接句5和句6。 __________________________________________ [衔接成篇] ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (2022·浙江1月高考改编)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Dr. Henderson was assigning(指定) project mates for his psychology class, I secretly hoped he would pair me with my best friend or at least a classmate I could have some fun with. Above all, I hoped he wouldn’t assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match. As fate (命运)would have it, Dr. Henderson very deliberately matched everyone in class and announced that I would be working with the one person in class I wanted to avoid. I went up to my new teammate and introduced myself. He looked at me as though I weren’t there. I felt he treated me as though I would hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A in the course. He wasn’t mean or abusive.He just gave me the impression he could do whatever project we dreamed up better if he did it alone. Needless to say, I didn’t look forward to an entire term of being brushed off, but I tried to make the best of it and didn’t say anything for fear that I would make things worse. The project required each team to develop a hypothesis(假说), set up an experiment to test the hypothesis, do the statistical analysis and present the findings. Whatever grade the team received would be shared by both students. When my teammate and I met to discuss our project, I was uneasy. Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades—the exact opposite of me. I was outmatched. I actually wanted to drop the class at one point, but stopped short because I didn’t want to give him the satisfaction of my chickening out. I decided to stick to it no matter what. After long discussions we somehow agreed to do a study on the psychological well-being of teenagers. I wasn’t sure what it meant exactly, but at least we had a topic. 注意:续写词数应为150左右。 We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans.  ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease.  ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$