07.必修第一册Unit 4 Friends forever(写故事结尾)-【同步写作课】2024-2025学年高一英语单元写作深度指导(外研版2019)

Unit 4 Friends forever 单元写作深度指导 如何写故事结尾 单元话题 话题引入 写故事结尾 If you're alone，I'll be your shadow.If you want to cry，I'll be your shoulder.If you want a hug，I'll be your pillow.If you want to be happy，I'll be your smile.But anytime you need a friend，I'll just be me. Friends are the most important part of our life.Treasure the tears，treasure the laughter，but most importantly，treasure the memories. 高中英语写故事结尾的写作是构建文章收尾的重要环节，‌旨在给读者留下深刻印象并强化主题。‌有效的故事结尾应简洁有力、‌余音绕梁，‌能够震撼听众，‌促使听众不断地思考和回味。 ‌常见的结尾形式包括：‌（1）‌首尾呼应，‌画龙点睛‌：‌在结尾处点明主题，‌深化主题，‌起到画龙点睛的效果。‌（2）‌重复主题句结尾‌：‌回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上，‌达到强调的效果。‌ ‌自然结尾‌：‌随着文章的结束，‌自然而然地收尾。‌（3）‌含蓄性结尾‌：‌用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接点明作者的看法，‌而是让读者自己去领会和思考。‌ 在写作时，‌应确保结尾与全文主题连贯，‌避免引入新内容，‌同时考虑使用适当的过渡语和关键词，‌以增强文章的整体性和连贯性‌ 考向分析与应对策略 写高中英语故事的结尾时，‌可以遵循以下几种方法：‌ ‌总结故事，‌呼应开头‌：‌回顾故事的主要情节，‌强调故事的主题或教训，‌并与故事的开头相呼应，‌给读者一种完整感。‌ ‌留下悬念，‌引发思考‌：‌在结尾处提出一个问题或留下一个未解的谜团，‌激发读者的好奇心和想象力，‌让他们继续思考故事的意义。‌ ‌情感升华，‌触动心灵‌：‌通过描绘角色的情感变化或表达一种深刻的情感，‌触动读者的心灵，‌让他们对故事产生共鸣。‌ ‌直接陈述，‌简洁明了‌：‌直接陈述故事的结局，‌不拖泥带水，‌给读者一个清晰明确的结束感。‌ 无论选择哪种方法，‌都要确保结尾与故事的整体风格和主题相协调，‌为故事画上一个圆满的句号。‌ 本单元的写作项目是为故事写一个结尾，所设计的结尾可以是出乎意料的，也可以是符合常规的。写作中，时态通常使用一般过去时。 I.话题词汇 (1)心理活动 ①dance/jump for joy高兴地跳起来 ②in cheerful spirits心情愉快 ③be delighted at对……很高兴 ④brighten sb. ’s heart使某人心情愉快 ⑤a strong sense of loss强烈的失落感 ⑥with a heavy heart怀着沉重的心情 ⑦make one’s heart bleed使某人悲痛 ⑧cry one’s heart out悲痛欲绝 (2)对话描写 ①say. . . loudly/proudly/gently/softly/abruptly/unexpectedly/ angrily/bitterly/seriously/firmly/cheerfully大声地/自豪地/温柔地/柔和地/突然地/意想不到地/生气地/悲痛地/严肃地/坚定地/高兴地说…… ②explain sth. properly适当解释某事 ③talk about谈论 ④mention sth. to sb. 向某人提及某事 ⑤announce that宣布…… (3)外貌描写 ①with a pair of blue eyes on her round face 她圆圆的脸上有一双蓝色的眼睛 ②be of medium size/build　　中等身材 ③have her hair tied in a ponytail 她梳着马尾辫 ④in rags 衣衫褴褛 ⑤a person of+名词 ……样的人 (4)性格描写 ①an easy-going and warm-hearted/straightforward/humorous/sensitive/active/gentle/shy/stubborn girl 一个随和又热心肠的/坦率的/幽默的/敏感的/活跃的/文雅的/害羞的/顽固的女孩 ②a person of great determination/will一个拥有坚强意志的人 ③be strict/patient with 对……要求严格/有耐心 ④be responsible for 对……负责 (5)环境描写 ①a rainy season 多雨的季节 ②a stormy night 暴风雨之夜 ③be exposed to the four winds of heaven四面受风 ④continuous/constant rain 连绵不断的雨 ⑤in the blinding rain 在茫茫大雨中 ⑥be buried in snow 埋在雪中 ⑦unbearable hot 难以忍受的热 ⑧in the warm spring sunshine 在春天温暖的阳光里 II. 话题句式（名著经典结尾） 1．It's funny.Don't ever tell anybody anything.If you do，you start missing everybody. 说来好笑。 你千万别跟任何人谈任何事情。你只要一谈起，就会想念起每一个人。 ——《麦田里的守望者》 2．The creatures outside looked from pig to man，and from man to pig，and from pig to man again；but already it was impossible to say which was which. 外面的生灵是从猪看到人，又从人看到猪，再从猪看到人；但他们已经分不清谁是猪，谁是人了。 ——《运动农场》 3．The old man was dreaming about the lions. 老人又一次梦见了狮子。 ——《老人与海》 4．It is a far，far better thing that I do，than I have ever done；it is a far，far better rest that I go to，than I have ever known. 这是我一生中最乐意做的事；这里是我最好的安息之所。 ——《双城记》 5．It turned out the light and went into Jem's room.He would be there all night，and he would be there when Jem waked up in the morning. 他关了灯，回到杰姆的房间去了。整个晚上他都会在杰姆身边。早上杰姆醒来时，他也会在杰姆身边。 ——《杀死一只知更鸟》 III.模版框架 续写故事结尾属于记叙文范畴,常用于根据材料续写一篇合乎情理的短文。写作内容需要根据材料提供的人物、情节、时间、地点等要素,发挥合理想象,写一篇逻辑缜密,情节和结构完整的短文。以教材的内容为例，写作思路如下： 【写作分析】 　阅读教材第44、45页的课文。假设你是吉米·韦尔斯,你会怎么做?展开合理想象,续写一个合理结局。词数为80个左右。 ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 【写作思路】 1.阅读文章,掌握主旨方向。 2.明确写作思路,确定续写内容。 3.汇集故事线索,列出写作要点。 4.优化语言,完善续写逻辑。 【参考范文】 　　With excitement and shame,Jimmy Wells walked slowly on the way to the appointed place,hoping that the road has no end.When Jimmy and Bob met 20 years later,they were familiar and strange.Unfortunately,Bob was arrested by Jimmy because Jimmy was a policeman and Bob was a suspect. 一、单句翻译 1．（2019·上海长宁·二模）新生身处不习惯的学习环境，产生焦虑是很自然的。(It) 2．（23-24高一下·安徽芜湖·阶段练习）那是我看过的最糟糕的一部电影。 3．（23-24高一上·四川内江·阶段练习）他想用英语和班上数学好的同学交换数学。（同……换） 4．（23-24高一上·四川内江·阶段练习）Tom是一个来自英国伦敦的交换生。 5．（23-24高一上·四川内江·开学考试）我也决定交几个英语学得好的朋友。 6．（23-24高一上·四川内江·开学考试）但是，我的最差的学科是英语，因为记忆单词对我来说是件头疼的事情。 7．（23-24高一上·四川内江·开学考试）我最擅长的学科是数学，物理和化学。 8．（23-24高三上·江苏泰州·阶段练习）中国书法是其中提供给对传统艺术感兴趣学生的选修课程之一。（定语从句） 9．（23-24高一·全国·假期作业）帮助有困难的同学。 Help students ． 10．（23-24高一上·福建福州·期末）在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。(定语从句) 11．（23-24高一上·上海松江·阶段练习）尽管在春节燃放烟花是人们的习俗，但是为了保持空气质量良好，我们最好放弃这种习俗。(Although) 12．（23-24高一下·重庆·期末）正如报道的那样，音乐被证明对很多人的生活产生了积极的影响。 (as, 定从；prove) 13．（23-24高一下·山东菏泽·期末）放眼平原, 我们隐约看到一群体形优美的动物。 14．（23-24高一下·上海·期末）你带了这么多不需要的东西，难怪你的行李超重了。（pack） 15．（23-24高一下·山东枣庄·期末）对于这些人而言，攀登珠峰(Qomolangma)是一次非同一般的经历。 二、语篇翻译 （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇。 1. 拥有朋友让我们受益匪浅，并且结交到知心朋友对个人的发展非常重要。 2. 朋友在你成功时会祝贺你，在你失败时会出现在你面前激励你，在你沮丧时也不会远离你。 3. 要想友谊长存，就应该和朋友保持联系。 4. 无论做什么，要把朋友的需求和安危记在心中，尽可能地为朋友分忧解难。 5. 如果你不小心冒犯了朋友怎么办？（What if...?） 6. 勇于承认错误是你要优先选择的解决办法。（动名词短语作主语） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 三．书面表达 请根据提示情节，用英语写一个小故事，并为该故事设计一个出人意料的结尾。 1．Mr Black and Mr Smith haven't seen each other for years. 2．They used to be neighbours and enjoyed a good relationship. 3．Three years ago，Mr Black moved to Australia with his family. 4．Last week，Mr Black returned. 5．(the ending)... 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 （23-24高一上·江苏苏州·期中）请根据下面的写作要点和要求写一篇标题为Be a True Friend的短文。 【写作要点】 友谊是我们人生中十分重要的一部分。一个亲密的朋友可以抚慰心灵，启迪思维，提供各方面的帮助。然而，我们不仅需要友谊，我们自身也应当成为他人的益友。一个真朋友应当有以下几点特质： 1、给予支持; 2、善解人意; 3、值得信赖。 【写作要求】 1. 词数100左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Be a True Friend ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Friends forever 单元写作深度指导 如何写故事结尾 单元话题 话题引入 写故事结尾 If you're alone，I'll be your shadow.If you want to cry，I'll be your shoulder.If you want a hug，I'll be your pillow.If you want to be happy，I'll be your smile.But anytime you need a friend，I'll just be me. Friends are the most important part of our life.Treasure the tears，treasure the laughter，but most importantly，treasure the memories. 高中英语写故事结尾的写作是构建文章收尾的重要环节，‌旨在给读者留下深刻印象并强化主题。‌有效的故事结尾应简洁有力、‌余音绕梁，‌能够震撼听众，‌促使听众不断地思考和回味。 ‌常见的结尾形式包括：‌（1）‌首尾呼应，‌画龙点睛‌：‌在结尾处点明主题，‌深化主题，‌起到画龙点睛的效果。‌（2）‌重复主题句结尾‌：‌回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上，‌达到强调的效果。‌ ‌自然结尾‌：‌随着文章的结束，‌自然而然地收尾。‌（3）‌含蓄性结尾‌：‌用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接点明作者的看法，‌而是让读者自己去领会和思考。‌ 在写作时，‌应确保结尾与全文主题连贯，‌避免引入新内容，‌同时考虑使用适当的过渡语和关键词，‌以增强文章的整体性和连贯性‌ 考向分析与应对策略 写高中英语故事的结尾时，‌可以遵循以下几种方法：‌ ‌总结故事，‌呼应开头‌：‌回顾故事的主要情节，‌强调故事的主题或教训，‌并与故事的开头相呼应，‌给读者一种完整感。‌ ‌留下悬念，‌引发思考‌：‌在结尾处提出一个问题或留下一个未解的谜团，‌激发读者的好奇心和想象力，‌让他们继续思考故事的意义。‌ ‌情感升华，‌触动心灵‌：‌通过描绘角色的情感变化或表达一种深刻的情感，‌触动读者的心灵，‌让他们对故事产生共鸣。‌ ‌直接陈述，‌简洁明了‌：‌直接陈述故事的结局，‌不拖泥带水，‌给读者一个清晰明确的结束感。‌ 无论选择哪种方法，‌都要确保结尾与故事的整体风格和主题相协调，‌为故事画上一个圆满的句号。‌ 本单元的写作项目是为故事写一个结尾，所设计的结尾可以是出乎意料的，也可以是符合常规的。写作中，时态通常使用一般过去时。 I.话题词汇 (1)心理活动 ①dance/jump for joy高兴地跳起来 ②in cheerful spirits心情愉快 ③be delighted at对……很高兴 ④brighten sb. ’s heart使某人心情愉快 ⑤a strong sense of loss强烈的失落感 ⑥with a heavy heart怀着沉重的心情 ⑦make one’s heart bleed使某人悲痛 ⑧cry one’s heart out悲痛欲绝 (2)对话描写 ①say. . . loudly/proudly/gently/softly/abruptly/unexpectedly/ angrily/bitterly/seriously/firmly/cheerfully大声地/自豪地/温柔地/柔和地/突然地/意想不到地/生气地/悲痛地/严肃地/坚定地/高兴地说…… ②explain sth. properly适当解释某事 ③talk about谈论 ④mention sth. to sb. 向某人提及某事 ⑤announce that宣布…… (3)外貌描写 ①with a pair of blue eyes on her round face 她圆圆的脸上有一双蓝色的眼睛 ②be of medium size/build　　中等身材 ③have her hair tied in a ponytail 她梳着马尾辫 ④in rags 衣衫褴褛 ⑤a person of+名词 ……样的人 (4)性格描写 ①an easy-going and warm-hearted/straightforward/humorous/sensitive/active/gentle/shy/stubborn girl 一个随和又热心肠的/坦率的/幽默的/敏感的/活跃的/文雅的/害羞的/顽固的女孩 ②a person of great determination/will一个拥有坚强意志的人 ③be strict/patient with 对……要求严格/有耐心 ④be responsible for 对……负责 (5)环境描写 ①a rainy season 多雨的季节 ②a stormy night 暴风雨之夜 ③be exposed to the four winds of heaven四面受风 ④continuous/constant rain 连绵不断的雨 ⑤in the blinding rain 在茫茫大雨中 ⑥be buried in snow 埋在雪中 ⑦unbearable hot 难以忍受的热 ⑧in the warm spring sunshine 在春天温暖的阳光里 II. 话题句式（名著经典结尾） 1．It's funny.Don't ever tell anybody anything.If you do，you start missing everybody. 说来好笑。 你千万别跟任何人谈任何事情。你只要一谈起，就会想念起每一个人。 ——《麦田里的守望者》 2．The creatures outside looked from pig to man，and from man to pig，and from pig to man again；but already it was impossible to say which was which. 外面的生灵是从猪看到人，又从人看到猪，再从猪看到人；但他们已经分不清谁是猪，谁是人了。 ——《运动农场》 3．The old man was dreaming about the lions. 老人又一次梦见了狮子。 ——《老人与海》 4．It is a far，far better thing that I do，than I have ever done；it is a far，far better rest that I go to，than I have ever known. 这是我一生中最乐意做的事；这里是我最好的安息之所。 ——《双城记》 5．It turned out the light and went into Jem's room.He would be there all night，and he would be there when Jem waked up in the morning. 他关了灯，回到杰姆的房间去了。整个晚上他都会在杰姆身边。早上杰姆醒来时，他也会在杰姆身边。 ——《杀死一只知更鸟》 III.模版框架 续写故事结尾属于记叙文范畴,常用于根据材料续写一篇合乎情理的短文。写作内容需要根据材料提供的人物、情节、时间、地点等要素,发挥合理想象,写一篇逻辑缜密,情节和结构完整的短文。以教材的内容为例，写作思路如下： 【写作分析】 　阅读教材第44、45页的课文。假设你是吉米·韦尔斯,你会怎么做?展开合理想象,续写一个合理结局。词数为80个左右。 ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 【写作思路】 1.阅读文章,掌握主旨方向。 2.明确写作思路,确定续写内容。 3.汇集故事线索,列出写作要点。 4.优化语言,完善续写逻辑。 【参考范文】 　　With excitement and shame,Jimmy Wells walked slowly on the way to the appointed place,hoping that the road has no end.When Jimmy and Bob met 20 years later,they were familiar and strange.Unfortunately,Bob was arrested by Jimmy because Jimmy was a policeman and Bob was a suspect. 一、单句翻译 1．（2019·上海长宁·二模）新生身处不习惯的学习环境，产生焦虑是很自然的。(It) 2．（23-24高一下·安徽芜湖·阶段练习）那是我看过的最糟糕的一部电影。(汉译英) 3．（23-24高一上·四川内江·阶段练习）他想用英语和班上数学好的同学交换数学。（同……换）（汉译英） 4．（23-24高一上·四川内江·阶段练习）Tom是一个来自英国伦敦的交换生。(汉译英) 5．（23-24高一上·四川内江·开学考试）我也决定交几个英语学得好的朋友。（汉译英） 6．（23-24高一上·四川内江·开学考试）但是，我的最差的学科是英语，因为记忆单词对我来说是件头疼的事情。（汉译英） 7．（23-24高一上·四川内江·开学考试）我最擅长的学科是数学，物理和化学。（汉译英） 8．（23-24高三上·江苏泰州·阶段练习）中国书法是其中提供给对传统艺术感兴趣学生的选修课程之一。（定语从句）(汉译英) 9．（23-24高一·全国·假期作业）帮助有困难的同学。 Help students ． 10．（23-24高一上·福建福州·期末）在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。(定语从句) (汉译英) 11．（23-24高一上·上海松江·阶段练习）尽管在春节燃放烟花是人们的习俗，但是为了保持空气质量良好，我们最好放弃这种习俗。(Although)(汉译英) 12．（23-24高一下·重庆·期末）正如报道的那样，音乐被证明对很多人的生活产生了积极的影响。 (as, 定从；prove) (汉译英) 13．（23-24高一下·山东菏泽·期末）放眼平原, 我们隐约看到一群体形优美的动物。（汉译英） 14．（23-24高一下·上海·期末）你带了这么多不需要的东西，难怪你的行李超重了。（pack）（汉译英） 15．（23-24高一下·山东枣庄·期末）对于这些人而言，攀登珠峰(Qomolangma)是一次非同一般的经历。(汉译英) 参考答案： 1．It is quite natural that freshmen feel anxious in a learning environment they are not accustomed to. It is quite natural for freshmen to feel anxious in a learning environment they are not used to. 【解析】考查固定句型，时态，固定短语和定语从句。根据句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“某人做某事是很自然的”是固定句型It is quite natural that...或It is quite natural for sb. to do sth.，其中it作形式主语，that引导主语从句或不定式作真正的主语，“产生焦虑”是feel anxious，“新生”是freshman，要用复数，“产生焦虑”时态用一般现在时，主语freshmen用复数，因此feel用原形，“身处学习环境”是in a learning environment，“不习惯的”处理为修饰“环境”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，用that/which引导的定语从句，“习惯”是be accustomed to，“不习惯的”是that/which they are not used to，that/which在从句中作宾语时可省略，故答案为It is quite natural that freshmen feel anxious in a learning environment they are not accustomed to.或It is quite natural for freshmen to feel anxious in a learning environment they are not used to. 2．That is the worst film that I have ever seen. 【解析】考查定语从句和时态。主语“那”用that，主句叙述现在的一般情况，使用一般现在时，be动词使用is，表语“最糟糕的一部电影”用the worst film，“我看过的”使用定语从句结构，修饰先行词film，从句主语“我”I，“看”see，从句描述过去的动作对现在有影响，应用现在完成时，谓语动词使用have seen，“曾经”ever，先行词film指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，且先行词前由最高级the worst修饰，只能使用that引导从句。故翻译为That is the worst film that I have ever seen. 3．He wants to exchange English for maths with his classmates who are good at maths. 【解析】考查固定短语，时态，主谓一致和定语从句。“想做某事”是want to do sth.，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语he是单数，因此want用第三人称单数，“用……换……”是固定短语exchange sth. for sth.，“英语”是English，“数学”是math，“和同学”是with his classmates，“数学好的”用who引导的限制性定语从句，时态用一般现在时，“……好”是be good at，who指代的先行词his classmates是复数，因此be动词用are；故此句翻译为：He wants to exchange English for maths with his classmates who are good at maths. 4．Tom is an exchange student (who comes) coming from London, Britain. 【解析】考查时态、定语从句、非谓语动词和介词短语。主语Tom，谓语“是”用系动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时态is，表语“一个交换生”用an exchange student；“来自英国伦敦的”作定语，修饰先行词an exchange student，可处理为限制性定语从句，用关系代词who引导该从句并在从句中作主语，谓语“来自”用动词短语come from，用一般现在时态第三人称单数形式comes from，介词宾语“英国伦敦”用London, Britain；定语部分也可处理为非谓语短语作定语，动词短语come from与其逻辑主语“an exchange student”之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式coming from London, Britain。综上，全句译为：Tom is an exchange student (who comes) coming from London, Britain. 5． I also decide to make some friends who are good at English. 【解析】考查动词、名词和定语从句。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般现在时表示客观情况。表示“我也决定交几个朋友”应用I also decide to make some friends ，为主谓宾结构；表示“英语学得好的”应用who are good at English，为定语从句，修饰前面名词some friends。故翻译为I also decide to make some friends who are good at English. 6．But the subject I am poor at is English, because memorizing words is a big headache for me. 【解析】考查形容词短语、名词、动词、非谓语动词、定语从句和状语从句。句子在描述当前的情况，时态宜用一般现在时；句子为主从复合句，主句中“但是”可用连词but，“学科”可用名词the subject，作主语，“是”用be动词is，“英语”用名词English，作表语；“我的最差的”是修饰the subject的成分，可用关系代词引导限制性定语从句表示，定语从句中“我”用代词I，作主语，“最差”可理解为“不擅长”，用形容词短语be poor at，be动词应用am，先行词the subject作at的宾语，关系代词可省略；“因为”可用从属连词because，引导原因状语从句，状语从句中“记忆单词”可用动词短语memorize words，因作主语，且描述经常性、习惯性的行为，memorize应用动名词形式，“是”用be动词is，“一件头疼的事情”可用名词短语a big headache，作表语，“对我来说”用介词for和me搭配。故可译为：But the subject I am poor at is English, because memorizing words is a big headache for me. 7．The subjects I am good at are maths, physics and chemistry. 【解析】考查定语从句和动词时态。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；表示“学科”应用the subjects；表示“我”应用I；表示“擅长”应用be good at，主语为I，be动词用are；“我最擅长的”应用I am good at，此处为定语从句，修饰先行词the subjects，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导，that/which可以省略；表示“是”应用be，主语The subjects为复数名词，be动词用are；表示“数学，物理和化学”应用maths, physics and chemistry。故翻译成：The subjects I am good at are maths, physics and chemistry. 8．Chinese Calligraphy is one of the many optional courses offered to students who are interested in traditional art. 【解析】考查定语从句和短语。表示“中国书法”应用Chinese Calligraphy作主语；表示“……之一”短语为be one of+复数名词；表示“选修课程”为optional course，由many修饰用复数；表示“提供”应用offer to，后跟复数名词students；后跟who 引导的定语从句；表示“感兴趣”短语为be interested in；表示“传统艺术”短语为traditional art。陈述事实用一般现在时。故翻译为Chinese Calligraphy is one of the many optional courses offered to students who are interested in traditional art. 9．who are in trouble 【解析】考查定语从句。根据汉语提示可知，空格处需要填入定语从句，修饰同学，表示“有困难的”为be in trouble；此处先行词为students，所以关系词用who；句子中为描述事实，所以用一般现在时，主语为students，所以be动词用are。故答案为who are in trouble。 10．The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the earthquake was more than 400,000. 【解析】考查定语从句，时态和主谓一致。“……的数量”是the number of，“人”用people，“在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的”用who引导的定语从句，“丧生”是be killed，“或”是or，“身受重伤”是be badly injured，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，who指代的是people，是复数，因此be动词用were，“在地震中”是in the earthquake，“超过了40万”是more than 400,000，主语是the number，是单数，因此more than 400,000前用was，因此整句话翻译为“The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the earthquake was more than 400,000”。故答案为The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the earthquake was more than 400,000. 11．Although it’s a custom for people to set off fireworks during the Spring Festival, we had better abandon it in order to maintain good air quality. 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。“尽管在春节燃放烟花是人们的习俗”为although引导的让步状语从句，其中“习俗”为名词custom，“燃放烟花”为set off fireworks，“在春节”为during the Spring Festival，此处用固定句型：it is+名词 for sb. to do sth.意为“某人做某事是……”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，故从句翻译为Although it’s a custom for people to set off fireworks during the Spring Festival，“为了保持空气质量良好”为in order to maintain good air quality，作目的状语，“最好”为had better，“放弃”为动词abandon，故整句翻译为Although it’s a custom for people to set off fireworks during the Spring Festival, we had better abandon it in order to maintain good air quality. 12．As is reported, music has proved to have a positive influence/impact on many people’s lives. 【解析】考查定语从句、动词和时态。“正如报道的那样”用固定句型as is reported表示，该结构也是由特殊关系代词as引导的定语从句，描述客观事实用一般现在时态；“音乐被证明对很多人的生活产生了积极的影响”是主句，主语“音乐”用不可数名词music，谓语“被证明”可理解为“证明(是)”，用系动词prove，不用被动语态，描述过去的行为对现在的影响，用现在完成时态has proved，“对很多人的生活产生了积极的影响”作表语，用不定式短语to have a positive influence/impact on many people’s lives。综上，全句译为：As is reported, music has proved to have a positive influence/impact on many people’s lives. 13．On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. 【解析】考查一般现在时态和情态动词。分析句子，“放眼平原”可用介词短语作状语，用On the plain in front of us；本句描述客观事实，需用一般现在时表示。主语为“我们”，用we；谓语“隐约看到”可用情态动词can后面加动词原形表示，表示“隐约看到；费力地看清” 用make out表示；故谓语部分为can just make out；表示“一群”用a herd of；表示“体形优美的动物”用graceful animals。故翻译为On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals。 14．You have packed so many unnecessary things/ items, and (it is) no wonder (that) your luggage is overweight. 【解析】考查时态、形容词、名词、固定句型。表示“你”用you，作主语，位于句首，首字母大写。表示“收拾（行李）”用pack，强调过去的动作对现在的影响，句子时态用现在完成时，主语为you，助动词用have。表示“这么多”用so many。表示“不需要的”用形容词unnecessary，作前置定语，修饰名词“东西”。表示“东西”用thing或item，用复数形式，作packed的宾语。用连词and连接两个句子。表示“难怪”用固定句型(it is) no wonder (that)...，表示“你的”用your，作前置定语，修饰“行李”；表示“行李”用luggage，作主语；表示现在的状态，句子时态用一般现在时，系动词用is；表示“超重”用形容词overweight，作表语。故翻译为You have packed so many unnecessary things/ items, and (it is) no wonder (that) your luggage is overweight. 15．For these people, climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other (or an unusual/extraordinary experience). 【解析】考查介词短语、时态、非谓语动词。“对于这些人而言”可译为For these people；“攀登珠峰”在句中作主语，使用动名词形式climbing Qomolangma，根据主谓一致的原则，当主语为动名词短语时，谓语动词用单数；like no other (独一无二、与众不同)，unusual (与众不同的)/extraordinary (异乎寻常的)，“一次非同一般的经历”可译为an experience like no other (or an unusual/extraordinary experience)，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，故翻译为：For these people, climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other (or an unusual/extraordinary experience). 二、语篇翻译 （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇。 1. 拥有朋友让我们受益匪浅，并且结交到知心朋友对个人的发展非常重要。 2. 朋友在你成功时会祝贺你，在你失败时会出现在你面前激励你，在你沮丧时也不会远离你。 3. 要想友谊长存，就应该和朋友保持联系。 4. 无论做什么，要把朋友的需求和安危记在心中，尽可能地为朋友分忧解难。 5. 如果你不小心冒犯了朋友怎么办？（What if...?） 6. 勇于承认错误是你要优先选择的解决办法。（动名词短语作主语） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案： Having friends will enable us to benefit a lot and making intimate friends will be of great significance to the personal development, because friends will congratulate you when you succeed, turn up to inspire you when you fail, and don’t keep you at a distance when you are depressed. If you want friendship to last forever, you ought to stay in touch with your friends. Whatever you do, you should keep the needs and safety of your friends in mind and try your best to share the worries and difficulties for your friends. What if you offend your friends? In my opinion, having the courage to admit your mistakes is your preferred solution. 【导语】这是一篇开放性作文。按要求使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激励：inspire→motivate 依我看来：in my opinion→in my view 保持联系：stay in touch with→keep in touch with 应该：ought to→should 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In my opinion, having the courage to admit your mistakes is your preferred solution. 拓展句：In my opinion, it is having the courage to admit your mistakes that is your preferred solution. 【高分句型1】Whatever you do, you should keep the needs and safety of your friends in mind and try your best to share the worries and difficulties for your friends.（运用了whatever引导的让步状语从句） 【高分句型2】If you want friendship to last forever, you ought to stay in touch with your friends.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 三．书面表达 请根据提示情节，用英语写一个小故事，并为该故事设计一个出人意料的结尾。 1．Mr Black and Mr Smith haven't seen each other for years. 2．They used to be neighbours and enjoyed a good relationship. 3．Three years ago，Mr Black moved to Australia with his family. 4．Last week，Mr Black returned. 5．(the ending)... 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [参考范文] Mr Black and Mr Smith used to be neighbours and they had enjoyed a good relationship until Mr Black moved to Australia with his family three years ago. Last week，Mr Smith heard that Mr Black had returned.They hadn't seen each other for three years，so Mr Smith went to visit Mr Black，asking him if they could have dinner together.Mr Black agreed and said he wanted to go to the restaurant where they had often had dinner together. Entering the restaurant at about six，he saw Mr Black standing in the hall with several waiters around.Mr Smith walked up to them and heard the waiters calling Mr Black boss.Seeing him puzzled，Mr Black told Mr Smith that he was in charge of that restaurant. （23-24高一上·江苏苏州·期中）请根据下面的写作要点和要求写一篇标题为Be a True Friend的短文。 【写作要点】 友谊是我们人生中十分重要的一部分。一个亲密的朋友可以抚慰心灵，启迪思维，提供各方面的帮助。然而，我们不仅需要友谊，我们自身也应当成为他人的益友。一个真朋友应当有以下几点特质： 1、给予支持; 2、善解人意; 3、值得信赖。 【写作要求】 1. 词数100左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Be a True Friend ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案： Be a True Friend As we walk the path of life, friends are an essential part that can’t be missed. Good friendships will definitely bring us many benefits, such as comforting the heart, enlightening our minds and helping us achieve our goals. A real friend is someone whom gives us support, someone whom we share our joy and sadness with, and someone who is considerate and reliable. While modern social media are changing our methods of making friends and even eating away at the meaning of friendship, friendship itself doesn’t change lot. Friends should be carefully chosen and relationship carefully developed, in which case we are able to become happier, wiser and more satisfied humans. 【解析】本篇书面表达属于开放式作文。请根据下面的写作要点和要求写一篇标题为Be a True Friend的短文。 【详解】1.词汇积累 必不可少的：essential→of the essence 改变：change→transform 选择：choose→select 满足的：satisfied→contented 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Good friendships will definitely bring us many benefits, such as comforting the heart, enlightening our minds and helping us achieve our goals. 拓展句：Good friendships will definitely bring us many benefits, which include comforting the heart, enlightening our minds and helping us achieve our goals. 【高分句型1】A real friend is someone whom gives us support, someone whom we share our joy and sadness with, and someone who is considerate and reliable.（运用了whom引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Friends should be carefully chosen and relationship carefully developed, in which case we are able to become happier, wiser and more satisfied humans.（运用了介词+which引导的定语从句） 20． ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$