必修第三册 Unit 1 Nature in the balance(ppt课件)-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（译林版2019）

正禾一本通 一轮总复习 多媒体课件 英语（人教版） 一轮总复习 多媒体课件 英语（译林版） 正禾一本通 必修第三册 Unit 1　 Nature in the balance 04 03 02 学案（一）背诵案——必背知识清单 01 目录/CONTENTS 05 学案（二）默写案——基础知识默写 学案（三）讲练案——核心知识整合 学案（四）写作案——应用文、读后续写双写培优 学案（五）主题练案——学科素养培优 学案【一】 背诵案——必背知识清单 学案【二】 默写案——基础知识默写 学案【三】 讲练案——核心知识整合 harm 1 n．& vt.伤害；损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的；不致伤害的 harmful is harmful to/ does harm to there is no harm (in) getting rid of it variety 2 n．不同种类；变化；多样性；变种，变体→vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj.各种不同的，各种各样的 variety which vary from singing，dancing to reciting poems varying from singing，dancing to reciting poems survive 3 vi.& vt.生存；存活；幸存；幸免于难；挺过(难关)；活下来；生还；比……活得长→survivor n．幸存者→survival n．生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物 on how to survive the storm application 4 n．应用，运用；申请→apply vt.应用；申请；运用；涂；有关→applicant n．申请人 am writing to apply to you for the post will apply myself to the job if you could take my application into consideration defence 5 n．辩护；防御；保护；防御物；国防；防守→defend vt.防御；保护，保卫；辩白；辩护→defensive adj.防御性的；自我保护的 in defence of animals close to extinction to defend ourselves from/ against being attacked consequence 6 n．结果；后果→consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv.因此；所以 As a consequence/ result of her teacher's frequent encouragement As a consequence/ In consequence/ As a result/ Consequently in turn 7 相应地；转而；依次；轮流；反过来 When it was my turn to receive the award took turns to deliver speeches it was my turn to speak It turned out that the children's efforts paid off come up with 8 想出，想到；拿出；提出 When it comes to come across come up come up with Come on “倍数关系”表达方式 9 which is three times as big as the previous one which is three times bigger than the previous one which is three times the size of the previous one while 10 引导让步状语从句 While visiting this exhibition While we can't predict what will happen in the future while the others packed them by against survivors of harmful attending entirely on/upon to regional C A B D B D C E A v.加工 n.(政府或机构)部门 学案【四】 写作案—— 应用文、读后续写双写培优 World Oceans Day，which falls on June 8，is designed to protect marine ecosystem. It is well­known that a great many human activities have done great harm to the ocean. Due to overfishing and increasing emission of poisonous waste water，the ecosystem of ocean is becoming more and more serious. All of these in turn will damage us human beings，such as more and more natural disasters and rare diseases. It's high time that we took/ should take various methods to defend the ocean against pollution. Keep in mind that rebuilding our green and clean earth calls for everyone's efforts and contributions. It was the encouragement and appreciation from my lovely teacher that changed my life! It was his strong determination and perseverance that made him finish the race. It was then that I realized that despite his disease, no one laughed at such a beautiful soul. 学案【五】 主题练案——学科素养培优 word练习单独成册 重点词汇 (一)阅读常见词——记牢 1．ecosystem　　　　 n．生态系统(助记：eco­＋system) 2．biodiversity n．生物多样性(助记：bio­＋diversity) 3．mammal n．哺乳动物 4．microorganism n．微生物(助记：micro­＋organism) 5．brochure n．小册子 (二)多义辨析词——认清 track vt.& vi.跟踪，追踪n.足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道； 跑道；路线 重点词汇 (三)核心必背词——用活 1．beneath the surface of the ocean 　　　　　在海洋表面下面 2．have an impact on the residents in the region 对这个地区的居民有影响 3．do/cause damage to his reputation 损害他的名誉 4．win a gold medal for his branch 为他的部门赢得一枚金牌 5．protest against the policy 抗议这项政策 6．in the process of protecting wildlife 在保护野生动植物的过程中 7．an effective learning strategy 一个有效的学习策略 8．recycle newspaper 回收报纸 9．the former...the latter... 前者……后者…… 拓展词汇 1．harm n．& vt.伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的；造成损害的→harmless adj.无害的；无恶意的 2．region n．地区，区域；行政区→regional adj.地区的 3．long adj.长的→length n．长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长→lengthen vi.& vt.(使)变长 4．vary vi.变化；改变→variety n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体→various adj.各种各样的；各种不同的 5．survive vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难→survival n．生存，幸存；残存物，幸存事物→survivor n．幸存者 6．nutrient n．营养素，营养物→nutrition n．营养→nutritious adj.有营养的 拓展词汇 7．appear vi.出现→disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪→disappearance n．消失 8．agriculture n．农业，农学→agricultural adj.农业的 9．extinct adj.绝种的，绝迹的→extinction n．灭绝，绝种 10．apply vt.& vi.应用；申请；涂；有关→application n．应用，运用；申请→applicant n．申请人→applicable adj.适用的 11.organize vt.组织→organization n．组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理→organizer n．组织者 12．absolute adj.绝对的，完全的→absolutely adv.绝对地，完全地；极其 13．entire adj.完全的→entirely adv.完全地，全部地，完整地 拓展词汇 14．defend vi.& vt.防御；保护；保卫→defence n．辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守→defensive adj.防御性的；自我保护的 15．economy n．经济→economic adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的→economical adj.经济的，实惠的；节俭的→economically adv.在经济上；经济地；节俭地 16．poison vt.污染；毒死，毒害 n．毒物，毒药→poisonous adj.有毒的 17．chemistry n．化学→chemist n．化学家 →chemical n．化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的 18．consequent adj.随之而来的→consequence n．结果，后果；重要性→consequently adv.结果 重点短语 1．in turn　　　 相应地，转而；轮流，依次(对比：by turns交替；轮流) 2．break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成)；出故障；垮掉；消除；失败 3．due to 由于，因为(同义：owing to；thanks to；as a result/ consequence of) 4．build up 逐渐增加，扩大 5．come up with 想出，想到(对比：come up 破土而出；升起；发生； 被提及；被讨论) 6．call for (公开)要求；需要(联想：call on 请求，要求；拜访) 7．spring to mind 突然记起(或想到) 重点短语 8．get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 9．give rise to 使发生(或存在)；引起(同义：bring about；lead to) 10．play a role in... 在……中起重要作用；扮演重要角色(同义：play a part in...) 11．in length 在长度上 12．a variety of 各种各样的(同义：varieties of; all sorts of) 13．be made up of 由……组成(同义：consist of；be comprised of；be composed of) 14．sign up 报名(点拨：后常接for) 15．in defence of 保护；为……做解释或辩护 单元佳句 1.With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.(倍数表达法) 2.The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name，is close to 6，400 kilometres in length... (“介词＋which” 引导定语从句) 3.Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. (完全倒装) 4.While a significant number of jaguars survive here，they are only one element of this forest's food chain. (while 引导让步状语从句) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。 2．亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长接近6 400千米…… 3．在那上面是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。 4．尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存，但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一环。 单元佳句 5.Some call for the application of modern technology，and others a change of lifestyle. (省略) 6.As the human population continues to grow，so does the effect we have on animals. (so＋ 助动词＋主语) 7.We've been taking various measures, including the use of new technologies, to reduce pollution in the production process, even though these measures raise our production costs. (even though引导让步状语从句) 5．一些人呼吁应用现代技术，另一些人呼吁改变生活方式。 6．随着人口的持续增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。 7．我们一直在采取各种各样的措施，包括新科技手段的运用，来减少生产过程中产生的污染，尽管这些措施会增加我们的生产成本。 词汇语境串记 　Tom joined an environmental protection organization as a volunteer. Soon he was sent to work. After arriving at the South American continent，he started to study a variety of wildlife in some regions. He learned that there used to be masses of species there，but later many disappeared． Two factors led to the result.One was bad climate.The other was human beings. It was human activities that damaged the habitats of some animals. [遮住左栏，忆加黑词汇] 汤姆作为一名志愿者加入了一个环境保护组织。不久，他就被派去工作了。到达南美洲大陆后，他开始研究一些地区的各种野生动植物。他了解到那里曾经有大量的物种，但后来许多都消失了。 有两个因素导致了这个结果。一个是恶劣的气候。另一个是人类。是人类的活动破坏了一些动物的栖息地。 词汇语境串记 Besides，some farmers poisoned many animals while using chemicals．Some even tracked and killed animals to make a profit．In defence of the animals close to extinction, Tom determined to do something to prevent them from harming the animals. He gave out some brochures among the residents. Slowly，they realized what they did was wrong and had a bad impact on animals. In turn，they themselves also suffered a lot. To help local people get rid of poverty and this situation，he came up with some strategies. As a consequence, he earned all the residents' respect. 此外，一些农民在使用化学制品时毒死了许多动物。有些人甚至通过追踪和杀死动物来赚钱。为了保护这些濒临灭绝的动物，汤姆决定做点什么来防止他们伤害这些动物。他向居民们分发了一些小册子。慢慢地，他们意识到自己所做的是错的，对动物产生了不良影响。反过来，他们自己也遭受了很多痛苦。为了帮助当地人摆脱贫困和当前这种状况，他想出了一些策略。因此，他赢得了所有居民的尊重。 ·harm one's health/image/reputation 损害某人的健康/形象/名誉 ·do/cause harm to sb＝do/cause sb harm 对某人造成损害/伤害 There is no harm (in) doing sth 做某事没有害处。 ·be harmful to... 对……有害 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing (harm) gases，such as carbon dioxide.(2023·全国乙卷) (2)沉迷于网络游戏对我们的身心健康有害。因此，戒掉它没有害处。(2021·全国乙卷) Being addicted to online games our physical and mental health.Therefore， ． ·a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的 ·vary from...to... 在……到……之间变化；从……到……不等 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)Yellowstone National Park offers a (vary) of ranger programs throughout the park，and throughout the year.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) (2)在艺术文化汇演中，有各种各样的表演，从唱歌、跳舞到背诗不等。 ①In the course of the Art and Culture Show，there are various performances， ．(定语从句) ②In the course of the Art and Culture Show，there are various performances ．(分词短语作定语) survive sth 幸免于；从……中活下来 survive on 靠……存活下来 A survive B(by＋时间) A比B多活…… 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)The traveler trapped in the lonely island survived the fish caught in the sea. (2)生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(主旨升华) Life isn't about while it's about learning to dance in the rain. 【名师点拨】 　survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因而不要在其宾语前加多余的in或from。 apply (to sb) for sth (向某人)申请某物 apply...to... 把……应用于…… apply oneself to 致力于/集中精力于……(to为介词) 【多维训练】　写作迁移 我写信向您申请你们昨天登广告的那个职位。如果我能得到这个职位，我将集中精力于这项工作。如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。(申请信) I ① that you advertised yesterday.If I am accepted，I ② ．I would appreciate it ③ ． ·in defence of 保护……；保卫……；为……作解释或辩护 ·defend sb/sth from/against sb/(doing) sth 保护某人(物)免受某人(物)的伤害 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)人们倡议地方政府建立更多的自然保护区来保护濒临灭绝的动物。(生态保护) It's advocated that local government set up more natural reserves ． (2)我和妻子用胡椒喷雾保护自己不受北极熊的攻击。(2020·浙江7月卷) My wife and I use pepper spray by the polar bear. as a consequence＝in consequence＝as a result＝consequently 因此；结果 as a consequence of＝in consequence of＝as a result of 因为；由于 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)在老师的不断鼓励下，她努力学习，取得了很大的进步。 ，she worked hard and made great progress. (2)由于缺少政府的支持，这项计划很快就失败了。 The plan lacked support from the government. ，it broke down soon. in one's turn 轮到某人 by turns 轮流；交替地 take turns to do sth 轮流做某事 It is one's turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事 It turns/turned out that... 结果…… 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)当轮到我领奖时，我带着一丝自信走上了领奖台。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) , I walked to the podium with a touch of confidence. (2)一些学生代表在典礼上轮流发言。终于轮到我发言了。(发言稿，2020·天津5月卷) Some student representatives at the ceremony. Finally, ． (3)结果爆米花很快售光，孩子们的努力获得了回报。(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷) when the popcorn was sold out quickly. come across (偶然)遇见，碰见；被理解 come about 发生(无被动形式) come on 加油；到来；得了吧 come out 出版；结果是；(花)开放 come up 破土而出；升起；发生；被提及；被讨论 when it comes to... 当谈及…… 【多维训练】　写作迁移 说到英语学习，我有以下实用的建议要分享。首先，当你遇到不熟悉的单词时，不要总是去查字典。此外，当在课堂上讨论老师问题的时候，你应该试着想出答案。最后，如果你没有回答上来，你必须对自己说：“加油！”(建议信) ① English learning，I have the following practical suggestions to share.Firstly，when you ② unfamiliar words，don't always refer to the dictionary.Furthermore，when teachers' questions ③ in class，you should try to ④ answers.Lastly，if you fail，you must say to yourself, “⑤ ！” (教材原句)With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. 亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方千米，相当于中国面积的一半以上。 ·倍数＋as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as... ·倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than... ·倍数＋the＋名词(size/length/height/depth/width...)＋of... ·倍数＋what从句 【多维训练】　写作迁移 我的农场已经扩展成了一个大农场，是原来的3倍大。 ①My farm has expanded into a big one， ．(倍数＋as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as...) ②My farm has expanded into a big one， ．(倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than...) ③My farm has expanded into a big one， ．(倍数＋the＋名词＋of) (教材原句)While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain. 尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存，但它们只是这个雨林食物链中的一个要素。 while的用法： ·while意为“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句(从句常置于句首)，表示转折。 ·while意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。 ·while意为“然而；可是”，用作并列连词，表示前后分句的对比。 ·while用作名词，常与a连用，意为“一会儿，一段时间”。 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)参观这个展览的时候，我们不仅能欣赏到民间艺术品，而且还可以了解它们的制作过程。 ，we will not only enjoy the folk art works but also learn the process of making them.(省略句) (2)尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么，但我们可以用决心和爱来指引我们。(主旨升华) ，we can guide ourselves with determination and love. (3)我们中的一些人负责摘苹果，而另一些人将它们打包。(2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达) Some of us were responsible for picking apples， ． 1.These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are common, causing serious harm to life and the environment.(倡议书) 2．It covers a wide variety of cultural activities, ranging from studying Chinese daily expressions to attending some lectures on Chinese history. 3．I am confident that I am qualified for the job，so please accept my sincere application.(申请信) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．如今，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的危害。 2．它涵盖了各种各样的文化活动，从学习中文的日常表达方式到参加一些关于中国历史的讲座。 3．我相信我有资格胜任这份工作，所以请接受我真诚的申请。 4.Seeing the fierce wolf, he rushed to defend his son like an arrow. 5.As a consequence/In consequence/Consequently, people are more and more aware of the importance of ocean conservation. (2022·全国甲卷) 6.For one thing，not only does it help to build up our health，but it also helps us learn more effectively in turn.(建议信) 4．看到那匹凶猛的狼后，他像箭一样快速冲向他儿子去保护他。 5．因此，人们越来越意识到保护海洋的重要性了。 6．一方面，它不仅有助于强身健体，而且反过来帮助我们提高学习效率。 题组一　单句语法填空 1．Mr.Smith survived all her three sisters eleven years. 2．Most of the members present protested heavy industry. 3．The soldiers tried their best to rescue the (survive) in the flood. 4．Wear a pedometer and keep track your steps, which is also a good choice. 5．Research shows that many household products are potentially (harm)． 6．We were stopped (attend) Professor Li's lecture by the heavy rain. 7．Unlike most pianists, Xiong relied (entire) on the sound of the music to guide her. 8．The book's impact military strategies is the same as Art of War by Sun Zi. 9．In fact, it is human activities that have brought many animals close extinction. 10．Local education authorities should not organize (region) exams, and schools should not organize weekly or monthly tests. 题组二　多义词汇辨析 1．选出句中track的词性及含义 A．vt.跟踪；追踪　B．n.小道　C．n.跑道　D．n.足迹；踪迹 ①Being an athlete is very fun，painful and exciting.Every time I come to the track，I feel like I'm out of this place.(2022·全国乙卷) ②Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s.(全国卷Ⅰ) ③The only means of access to the building is along a muddy track. ④We saw wild animals' tracks near the cave.We guessed they may be deer's. 2．选出句中break down的汉语意思 ①Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them. ②Let's break down the project into smaller parts in order to deal with them one by one. ③Really，the truck my dad drove often broke down on the way，which made my dad in trouble. ④You will break down if you take on more work than you can. ⑤Peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached. 3．写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①Brazil began importing soybeans(大豆) to process at home. ②Representatives of the other branches were against the new strategy. (一)应用文写作 [投稿——保护海洋] 你校将以6月8日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1．海洋的现状； 2．保护海洋的倡议。 注意：词数80左右。 1．利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①6月8日是世界海洋日，旨在保护海洋生态系统。(非限制性定语从句) ②众所周知，众多的人类活动对海洋造成了巨大的危害。(it作形式主语) ③由于过度捕捞和有毒废水排放的增加，海洋生态系统变得越来越严峻。 ④所有这些反过来又会损害我们人类，如：越来越多的自然灾害和罕见的疾病。 ⑤是时候采取各种方法来保护海洋免受污染了。 ⑥请牢记重建我们绿色、清洁的地球需要每个人的努力和贡献。 2．使用恰当的过渡衔接词汇连句成篇 World Oceans Day，which falls on June 8，is designed to protect marine ecosystem. It is well­known that a great many human activities have done great harm to the ocean.For example，due to overfishing and increasing emission of poisonous waste water，the ecosystem of ocean is becoming more and more serious.All of these in turn will damage us human beings，such as more and more natural disasters and rare diseases.All in all，it's high time that we took/should take various methods to defend the ocean against pollution. Keep in mind that rebuilding our green and clean earth calls for everyone's efforts and contributions. (二)读后续写 [精彩句式9——强调句] 强调句型的使用是为了突出强调句子的某一部分，它是一种比较容易掌握的高级表达方式。 句型公式：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他。 佳句 背诵 1.It wasn't until that moment that I realized I was so desperate for the prize to prove myself.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 直到那一刻，我才意识到我非常渴望用这个奖项来证明自己。 2．It was his willpower that enabled him to make such a running miracle.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 是他的意志力使他创造了这样一个跑步奇迹。 佳句 仿写 1.是我可爱的老师的鼓励和欣赏改变了我的生活！(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 2．正是他坚定的决心和毅力使他完成了比赛。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 3．就在那时，我意识到，尽管他生病了，但没有人会嘲笑如此美丽的灵魂。 $$ Ⅰ.默写单词(每空1分，满分20分) 1．species 　　　 n．(pl.species)种，物种 2．mass n．大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj.大批的，广泛的 3．impact n．影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi.& vt.有影响；冲击 4．damage vt.& n．损害，伤害，损坏，破坏 5．climate n．气候；倾向，风气 6．drought n．旱灾，久旱 7．belt n．地带，地区；腰带；传送带 8．image n．形象；图像；意象 9．track vt.& vi.跟踪，追踪 n．足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线 10．habitat n．生活环境，栖息地 11．committee n．委员会 12．protest vi.反对，抗议 vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩 n．抗议，反对 13．profit n．利润，收益；好处 vi.& vt.获益，得到好处 14．process n．过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt.加工，处理 15．policy n．政策，方针；原则 16．branch n．(政府或机构)部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支 17．strategy n．策略，行动计划；策划，部署 18．recycle vt.回收利用，再利用 19．former adj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的 20．poverty n．贫穷，贫困；贫乏 Ⅱ.默写短语(每空2.5分，满分25分) 1．in turn　　　　　　 相应地，转而；轮流，依次 2．due to 由于，因为 3．build up 逐渐增加，扩大 4．come up with 想出，想到 5．call for (公开)要求；需要 6．get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 7．play a role in... 在……中起重要作用；扮演重要角色 8．a variety of 各种各样的 9．be made up of 由……组成 10．sign up 报名 Ⅲ.词形变化填空(每空2分，满分40分) 1．This street is three times the length (long) of that one. 2．Nowadays the village looks entirely (entire) different from the previous one. 3．The problem of global (globe) warming should be paid special attention to. 4．All the applicants should hand in their applications before May 6th.(apply) 5．From the appearance (appear), it is really hard to tell the difference between the twins. 6．The organizer was told to hold a meeting for a voluntary organization．(organize) 7．Factories produce large amounts of chemicals that are poisonous (poison) to human beings. 8．As is known to all, it is the light and heat the sun gives off that make our planet lively and this is very important for living things on the globe.(live) 9．Research shows birth rate is highest in poorly educated rural areas and that education is one of the most effective means to emerge from poverty．(poor) 10．Mastering some basic skills will greatly increase chances of survival．Maybe this is why she was the only survivor of the accident.(survive) 11．There are various goods in the new supermarket, varying from fruits to tablets.The variety of them attracts many customers.(vary) 12．Playing computer games will not only do harm to your physical health, but it is also harmful to your mental health.(harm) Ⅳ.句式仿写(每题5分，满分15分) 1．句型公式：while引导让步状语从句 尽管我们的行为并不那么重要，但它们对保护我们的地球也会产生影响。 While our actions are not that important, they can also make a difference to protecting our earth. 2．句型公式：倍数关系表达法 我们学校最近修建了一个新图书馆，比原来的大三倍。 Our school has built a new library recently，which is three times larger than the previous one． 3．句型公式：even though引导让步状语从句 即使你不会成功，他们也会支持你的。 They will stand by you even if/ though you don't succeed． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$