03体育健康 热点话题题型专练（七选五）-备战2025年高考英语

03体育健康-热点话题题型专练（七选五） （一） （23-24高三下·云南·阶段练习）In the dynamic world of fitness, where treadmills (跑步机) hum and weights clink, an emerging concern for sustainability is reshaping the gym experience. 1 ? In this guide, we’ll navigate through key aspects of eco- conscious fitness to help you figure out if your gym is on the sustainable track. ●Energy-efficient equipment A sustainable gym starts with the tools that push your workout. Modern fitness equipment is evolving beyond the pursuit of personal records. 2 . Energy- efficient machines, equipped with regenerative braking systems and smart technology, employ the power generated during workouts to balance electricity consumption. Look at the very tools that power your workout. Are the machines equipped with energy- efficient features? Do they employ the energy generated during workouts to contribute back to the gym’s power needs? ● 3 The infrastructure (基础设施) of a gym plays a crucial role in its sustainability journey. The use of eco- friendly materials, energy- efficient lighting and strategic design for natural air circulation are key elements of a green fitness space. Explore the infrastructure of your gym. Does the overall design facilitate natural air circulation and use sustainable construction practices? ●Waste management As you are sweating it out at the gym, what happens to the waste generated? Sustainable fitness spaces prioritise comprehensive waste management systems. 4 . Direct your attention to how your gym manages waste. Are there visible recycling programs for plastics, paper and other common gym materials? Does the gym use eco- friendly cleaning products, demonstrating a commitment to minimising its environmental impact? ● Renewable energy integration 5 , but sustainable fitness facilities find innovative ways to employ renewable energy. Solar panels and other renewable energy sources are integrated into the gym’s infrastructure to offset power consumption, reducing the facility’s carbon footprint and contributing to a greener energy landscape. Investigate whether your gym is tapping into renewable energy sources. Are there solar panels or wind turbines integrated into the infrastructure? A．This involves recycling programs for common gym materials B．Green building practices C．Adaptable fitness facilities D．But how do you know if your gym is truly sustainable E．The energy demands of a busy gym can be considerable F．It’s now contributing to the joint efforts for a greener planet G．Are there signs that your workout increases carbon footprint （二） （23-24高三下·江西赣州·期末）Are there life lessons in swimming? Swimming is so much more than just about the stroke or a good kick. 6 What might it say then? •Be patient with the things you want to learn. Swimming is very technical and requires lots of practice of drills and skills. This requires patience and no matter how talented you are, you won’t master swimming within a week. Regardless of your swimming proficiency (熟练), you will always have something to learn. This makes swimming amazing yet disappointing. There is always the next step, just like in life. 7 •You learn how to deal with failure and setbacks. It’s not always going to be fair. And things won’t always go our way. There will be times when no matter how hard we work, the results don’t match our effort in practice. These moments hurt, and they make you realise you are not as good as you think you are. 8 To overcome. And to be humble. • 9 Ever wonder why so many swimmers seem to have superhuman speed when it comes to relay legs? I’ve seen it so many times, from my own swimming, dropping nearly a second on my best time in the 50 m freestyle, to Jason Lezak and his otherworldly 46.0 at the Beijing Olympics—there is something that happens when you race for something besides just yourself. •Losing is as important as winning. Winning is great while losing is terrible. We can agree to that. 10 You will lose many times during your swimming career, but being able to lean across the lane line and shake the winner’s hand means that you conquered (战胜) yourself. Similarly, being a champion is more than just being the first swimmer to the wall—it’s being humble in victory, and setting an example for those to come. Swimming is not only a sport; it is a lifestyle. The lessons that you learn from swimming will follow you through life. A．Being a team makes everyone better. B．You do not always get what you want. C．It can also speak meaningfully into our lives. D．But they also teach you how to be mentally tough. E．It teaches you to be mindful of the process and not to rush things. F．But I believe that how we do both matters more than the outcome. G．You need to adopt the daily routines and habits that will get you there. （三） （2024·四川绵阳·三模）If your friends are happy, it turns out that you’re more likely to be happy too. If your friends are overweight, that too ups the likelihood that you’ll pack on pounds. 11 The researchers analyzed the running activity of more than a million individuals worldwide who used an exercise tracking device for five years. They used weather patterns as a way to randomly examine different parts of that global network. On average, fine days would encourage people to run more, rainy or cold days less. Since different cities have different weather patterns, this natural experiment allowed them to ask: Did a rainy day in New York affect running in San Diego? If the weather in New York caused changes in the running behavior in San Diego, it could possibly happen through peer influences of the friends. 12 The behavior of one city’s runners could indeed affect the behavior of runners in another socially connected city. 13 Women tended to be influenced more by the female runners in their networks. And less active runners tended to influence more active runners to run more, but not so much the other way around. 14 “We have to start thinking about consumers and citizens as networked consumers and citizens. Since they are easily influenced by and influence their social network in very strong and dynamic ways, it will change the way a particular intervention succeeds or fails.” Sinan Aral, the leading researcher said. Or, let’s put it this way. Next time, the doctors recommend people to do more exercise. 15 A．There were a few more findings. B．That was exactly what the researchers saw. C．More difficulties remained to be worked out. D．They will tell the same to their friends and family, too. E．The result provides some practical guidance for professionals. F．Runners in one city would run as much as peers in another city. G．Now researchers have identified another similar quality: exercise. （四） （2024·山东聊城·二模）The heat and humidity in summer can make even the most dedicated runners want to stay inside. Here are some tips which can help you remain on track even when the weather is less than ideal. First, do remember to stay hydrated when running in summer. When it’s hot, you will sweat more and lose essential electrolytes (电解质). To avoid heat exhaustion, dizziness and other heat-related issues, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after your run. 16 Another way to make summer running easier is to get an early start. The temperature  is typically cooler in the morning, and the sun will become more intense as the day goes on. 17 Further, starting your run early will even help you make the most of your day. 18 However, it’s essential to dress appropriately for summer running. One tip is to choose light-colored clothing, as darker colors absorb more heat. You should also look for fabrics that are breathable and quick-drying. When running in the summer, pay attention to your body, and take breaks as needed in case of overexertion (过度负荷) which can lead to heat stroke. 19 Just slow down your usual pace and focus on running for long, rather than trying to cover a lot of ground quickly, and you will be able to enjoy your run while staying safe. After a hot run, drink plenty of fluids and take a few minutes to stretch. 20 By cooling down properly, you’ll be able to beat the heat. In addition, it helps to regulate your body temperature and prevent muscle soreness. A．Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool. B．The heat will make it challenging to run outside. C．This will help you keep your body functioning at its best. D．Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself. E．So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired. F．By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day. G．As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run. （五） （2024·山东济南·三模）Yoga has been around for roughly 5, 000 years but it is more popular today than ever. An estimated 300 million people play yoga worldwide. Experts say its accessibility and the fact that you can practice it anywhere are big reasons why. 21 Yoga can improve your posture and balance, strengthen bones and muscles and keep your back and joints healthy. 22 Downward-facing dog can help relieve back pain while plank (平板) pose is good for building a strong core and upper body. Typically the final position of a yoga class is ideally done for at least five minutes. 23 After that, you and your classmates usually acknowledge each other with a greeting: Namaste. Many people adopt yoga as a form of exercise. 24 As recorded in the Yoga Sutras, a classic yoga text, the philosophy of yoga is based on the idea that the mind, body and spirit are one. The practice of yoga consists of not only physical postures but also moral guidelines, breathing techniques, and self-awareness, helping reduce anxiety and improve focus. It is an approach to health and well-being that aims to bring balance and harmony to all aspects of life. 25 However, a 13-year U. S. study found that between 2001 and 2014, almost30, 000 individuals went to the emergency room with a yoga-related injury. Overstretching tends to be the most common issue, but serious injuries-although rare-can happen even to advanced coaches. A．Different poses offer different benefits. B．The detailed advantages are as follows. C．Actually, yoga is a way of life at its roots. D．This exercise is said to strengthen your body. E．Yoga seems unlikely to send you to the hospital. F．A lot of studies have been carried out about yoga. G．The aim of this pose is to settle your mind and body. （六） （2024·辽宁沈阳·模拟预测）Skeet shooting is a type of target sport in which the shooter uses a special gun to hit moving clay target, which are sometimes referred to as “clay pigeons (陶土飞靶)”. This target sport is an important, competitive sport in the Olympic games. 26 Skeet shooting was invented by the bird hunter in the early nineteenth century under the original name of “clock shooting”. The game was changed slightly and reached a wider audience over the coming years. Once, a competition was held to determine a new name for this shooting game. 27 The term “skeet” is a Scandinavian word meaning “to shoot”. Today, skeet shooting is as American as apple pie and McDonald’s. At first, fans of the sport were male, but now, a fair number of women also love skeet shooting. 28 For friends or families, skeet shooting at a sporting club can be a fun activity. 29 Generally, people will need to purchase related equipment, including something guaranteeing personal safety such as safety glasses. And they’d better have a large, private yard. If the players have never done shooting of any kind before, they should also take a safety course, which will teach them about the proper use and storage of the equipment. Like most skills, skeet shooting takes a lot of patience and practice. 30 But those folks are few and far between, especially if they’ve never picked up a shotgun before. If you aren’t a patient person, that’s okay because skeet shooting can help you develop patience. A．Why do people love skeet shooting? B．At last, the game was called skeet shooting. C．How can one participate in the sport at home? D．Unfortunately, no recommended name was chosen. E．Sure, some people might have a natural talent for it. F．There are many clubs offering skeet shooting in America. G．Therefore, many countries attach much importance to it. （七） （2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）A lot of people assume the more work they put in at the gym, and the longer and harder they push themselves, the better their results will be. 31 But if you want to get the best gains, the key is to focus on the quality of the work rather than the quantity. Your body is capable of making only tiny adaptations and improvements at any one time. Once you've given it enough push to make these changes, any additional work you do after that point won't be making you any better. 32 This is because you'll need longer to recover afterwards. Besides, you won't feel fresh when you start your next session. Ideally, it's just enough to do the smallest amount of work required to promote growth in every workout. 33 Thus the minimum amount of exercise brings the maximum physical gains. 34 For example, if a new gym-goer wants to get stronger, he might start a squat (深蹲) workout, which is made up of ten steps, each having five repetitions. In theory, it's a sensible way for building strength. If he's only attempted three steps in his previous exercise, it's far from enough. The fourth step would push him past his previous limit and force adaptation. But the subsequent steps are meant for more professional people. 35 As a general rule, regardless of your experience, aim to only increase the volume of any exercise by one step from workout to workout. A．It seems logical. B．Instead, it'll harm your progress. C．It's natural that you may want to keep fit. D．After that, you can stop exercising during the day. E．Only in this way can you enjoy the benefit of exercise. F．They would just increase the chance of injury for beginners. G．How much exercise you need to do depends on your current fitness level. （八） （2024·吉林·三模）Tai Chi, a gentle martial art originating from China and involving slow movements with a focus on breathing and on what your body is doing in that moment, provides numerous benefits for both physical and mental well-being. Here are five convincing reasons to bring Tai Chi into your routine. ●It’s easy on the body. Tai Chi offers gentle exercise suitable for individuals of all ages and fitness levels. 36 , as muscles remain relaxed without any stretching or straining. It’s an exercise that can be easily adapted for less able people, including those in wheelchairs. ●It could prevent falls. A review of studies conducted in 2019 indicated that Tai Chi could lower the risk of falls among older people. Certainly, the emphasis is on balance, with sideways and backwards movements aiding in the strengthening of the muscles necessary for stability. 37 . ●It may boost brain power.   38 . Research shows that practising Tai Chi on a regular basis can enhance cognitive abilities in older adults, both those with and without memory issues. Given that it’s considered safe and suitable for the elderly, this is a definite win. ● 39 . A reduction in stress and anxiety, along with an increase in confidence, is another mental health benefit of Tai Chi, as indicated by research findings, though further research is needed to comprehensively understand and confirm these effects. ●You can do it at home. Attending classes can be beneficial for receiving structured instruction and connecting with like-minded individuals. 40 , providing an alternative for practicing at home. You’re bound to find one that matches your fitness level and exercise preferences. Practicing Tai Chi at home can also offer unparalleled convenience and flexibility. A．It has the feel-good factor B．It can improve heart health C．The benefits aren’t just physical D．But there are videos available online too E．They also improve flexibility and spatial awareness F．Its low-impact nature minimizes the risk of joint injury G．You can share experiences with these people face-to-face （九） （2024·山东·一模）After a challenging workout, the last thing you probably want to do is spend five to ten minutes stretching. 41 Why is stretching so important and how often do you need to do it? Here we are going to share what we have learnt from some experts. When you think about exercise, most people participate in some type of aerobic (有氧的) activity that improves their cardiovascular (心血管的) endurance. 42 Those are two very important elements of a fitness program, but there’s also a third element. That is your flexibility and mobility, which is most often the one that’s ignored. Stretching helps keep us mobile. We are born super mobile as babies and young children, but lose this as we grow into adults. 43 It means we are able to move less; we are functionally less able to do everyday stuff like picking up a pen from the floor, or climbing stairs efficiently. 44 It’s also going to help reduce the risk of injury. Some people are naturally more flexible than others, but no matter whether you can touch your toes or not, you should be working on your flexibility and mobility because the more moveless you are, the more your muscles are shortening, which in turn is causing you to be tighter. When you get up, you maybe go for a quick walk to fill up your water bottle or get a cup of coffee, then come back and do a seated leg stretch or a standing version. 45 A．Why is stretching good for your healthy habits? B．Stretching makes for relieving muscle tension and pain. C．When we stop stretching, we lose capacity in movement. D．Walking, done in the right way, is a form of aerobic exercise. E．It won’t take much time to add these habits into your daily routine. F．However, doing so can result in physical and mental health benefits. G．They also do weight training to help maintain muscle mass and build strength. （十） （2024·安徽滁州·二模）How to overcome gym anxiety Here are some practical tips to help you overcome anxiety in the gym and create a positive, empowering experience for yourself. Set realistic expectations The first step in overcoming gym anxiety is to set realistic expectations. Understand that everyone starts somewhere and that the gym is a place for personal growth and improvement. 46 Every individual in the gym is on their own unique fitness journey. Plan ahead and familiarise yourself 47 Before heading to the gym, plan your workout routine and familiarise yourself with the equipment you intend to use. Research exercise techniques and watch instructional videos to gain confidence and knowledge. By doing so, you’ll enter the gym with a sense of purpose and direction. Start slowly and gradually Ease into your gym routine by starting with exercises and machines you are comfortable with. 48 Taking small steps will not only help you build physical strength but also improve your mental resilience (韧性), empowering you to tackle new challenges. 49 Having a gym partner can provide huge support and motivation. Consider finding a friend who shares your fitness goals or seeking guidance from a personal trainer. A supportive companion or an expert can provide guidance, encourage you during workouts, and help remove anxiety by offering tips and feedback. Practice mindfulness techniques Mindfulness exercises can be powerful tools to fight anxiety in any setting, including the gym. 50 Focusing on your breath and being present in the moment can help calm your mind and remove anxiety. Additionally, practicing mindfulness during your workout can enhance your mind-body connection, allowing you to fully involve yourself in the experience. A．Find a gym partner or seek professional help B．Fight gym anxiety and unlock your true potential C．Remind yourself that progress certainly takes time. D．Feeling prepared can significantly reduce anxiety levels. E．Stepping foot inside a gym can cause feelings of anxiety. F．Prior to your workout, take minutes to engage in deep breathing or thinking. G．Gradually introduce new exercises or equipment as you become more confident. （十一） （2024·河北唐山·一模）Despite what most people might think, you really don’t need much time to work out. In fact, even ten to twenty minutes of challenging exercise a few times a week is enough to burn fat, build muscle, boost strength, and contribute to a healthy, active lifestyle. 51 But sometimes, the resistance isn’t really about the actual time the workout takes. It’s about the energy it takes to get ready for it. Maybe your stress levels are over the top, or your energy levels have been so low that you keep talking yourself out of a workout. Or maybe you just don’t want to get all sweaty and have to take a shower afterward. 52 In such fast-paced life, we’re all struggling. But when it comes to exercise, being healthy and fit isn’t as black and white as the fitness world tries to make it seem. 53 Doing something is always better than nothing when it comes to movement. Micro workouts, like getting out for a fifteen-minute walk instead of doing the strength training workout, are significantly better than doing nothing at all. 54 They are time-saving, since they can be done in seconds or in as little time as 15-20 minutes. They require minimum space and equipment. Many can be done at home, in the park, or even while waiting in the checkout line. They are also money-saving as these can be done without a gym membership, coach, trainer, or class instructor. So in order to maintain a healthy lifestyle, make time to move. 55 If all the movements like push-ups and pull-ups add up, you will still get many of the same benefits of a longer, harder workout. A．These are understandable excuses. B．Fitness can be simple, easy and convenient. C．The advantages of micro workouts are apparent. D．Try to add in micro workouts throughout the day. E．No matter how busy you are, you have time to exercise. F．Micro workouts are being backed up by trainers and science. G．Being healthy is really more important than you can imagine. （十二） （23-24高三下·北京·开学考试）Endless studies show the physical, mental and longevity-based benefits of working out, while plenty suggest that avoiding activity is bad. But headlines about someone collapsing after a row always stick in the mind. So, how risky is training too hard? 56 The NHS recommends that healthy adults aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity — but doesn’t suggest where to stop. This is because the ability to handle excess exertion (过度努力) depends on many varied factors. The exact cause of “overtraining”, in the sense of doing too much over an extended period, is still being debated. 57 Others suggest the intestinal microbiota (肠道菌群) are involved. Whatever the case, it can hurt the rest of your life, making you moody, tired, or injury-prone. The best advice is to pay attention when you lack energy or feel unwell and back off a bit. If you are a runner, this can also help with the common complaint of shin splints (胫骨骨膜炎), or more serious stress fractures, which are tiny cracks in the bone itself. The latter, which can be due to a sudden increase in training intensity, won’t heal until you ease off. 58 “The obvious risk factors are linked to impact and exertion,” says Steve Hoyles, a personal trainer and gym owner. “Running is a high-impact activity and analysis shows that inexperienced runners suffer an average of 17.8 injuries per 1,000 hours, whereas in gym users the average is 5.3 injuries per 1,000 hours. 59 Combining these with a form of resistance training would be helpful. Strong muscles, bones, and connective tissues are more resistant to injury than weaker tissues, so prioritise some form of strength training, regardless of your exercise of choice.” 60 By easing in and increasing the difficulty gradually, you will learn to listen to your body, which can help to warn you if something does go wrong. By not thrashing yourself from the start, you will learn to love exercise — and do it for the long haul. A．The story is similar for men and women at risk of stroke. B．So do your best to avoid them by not pushing too hard, or too fast. C．Some experts theorise that it’s all about the central nervous system. D．Swimming and cycling are low-impact but offer limited strength benefits. E．And is there a way to make sure you never cross that red line into dangerous territory? F．If you don’t have existing problems, the chances of something going wrong are very low. G．Exercise will improve your quality of life and almost certainly your chances of living longer. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 03体育健康-热点话题题型专练（七选五） （一） （23-24高三下·云南·阶段练习）In the dynamic world of fitness, where treadmills (跑步机) hum and weights clink, an emerging concern for sustainability is reshaping the gym experience. 1 ? In this guide, we’ll navigate through key aspects of eco- conscious fitness to help you figure out if your gym is on the sustainable track. ●Energy-efficient equipment A sustainable gym starts with the tools that push your workout. Modern fitness equipment is evolving beyond the pursuit of personal records. 2 . Energy- efficient machines, equipped with regenerative braking systems and smart technology, employ the power generated during workouts to balance electricity consumption. Look at the very tools that power your workout. Are the machines equipped with energy- efficient features? Do they employ the energy generated during workouts to contribute back to the gym’s power needs? ● 3 The infrastructure (基础设施) of a gym plays a crucial role in its sustainability journey. The use of eco- friendly materials, energy- efficient lighting and strategic design for natural air circulation are key elements of a green fitness space. Explore the infrastructure of your gym. Does the overall design facilitate natural air circulation and use sustainable construction practices? ●Waste management As you are sweating it out at the gym, what happens to the waste generated? Sustainable fitness spaces prioritise comprehensive waste management systems. 4 . Direct your attention to how your gym manages waste. Are there visible recycling programs for plastics, paper and other common gym materials? Does the gym use eco- friendly cleaning products, demonstrating a commitment to minimising its environmental impact? ● Renewable energy integration 5 , but sustainable fitness facilities find innovative ways to employ renewable energy. Solar panels and other renewable energy sources are integrated into the gym’s infrastructure to offset power consumption, reducing the facility’s carbon footprint and contributing to a greener energy landscape. Investigate whether your gym is tapping into renewable energy sources. Are there solar panels or wind turbines integrated into the infrastructure? A．This involves recycling programs for common gym materials B．Green building practices C．Adaptable fitness facilities D．But how do you know if your gym is truly sustainable E．The energy demands of a busy gym can be considerable F．It’s now contributing to the joint efforts for a greener planet G．Are there signs that your workout increases carbon footprint 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．B 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了辨别一个健身房是否环保、可持续发展的方法。 1．上文“In the dynamic world of fitness, where treadmills (跑步机) hum and weights clink, an emerging concern for sustainability is reshaping the gym experience.(在充满活力的健身世界里，跑步机嗡嗡作响，重物叮当作响，对可持续性的新关注正在重塑健身房体验)”说明人们在关注健身房是否是可持续发展的，以及下文“In this guide, we’ll navigate through key aspects of eco- conscious fitness to help you figure out if your gym is on the sustainable track.(在这则指南中，我们将浏览生态意识健身的关键方面，以帮助你了解你的健身房是否在可持续发展的轨道上)”说明这则指南将帮助你了解你的健身房是否是可持续发展的，D项“但你怎么知道你的健身房是否真正可持续”提出问题，承接上文，并引出下文的回答，符合题意。故选D。 2．上文“A sustainable gym starts with the tools that push your workout. Modern fitness equipment is evolving beyond the pursuit of personal records.(一个可持续的健身房从推动你锻炼的工具开始。现代健身器材正在超越对个人记录的追求)”可持续健身房会推动健身器材超越对个人记录的追求，F项“现在，它正在为建设一个更绿色的星球的共同努力做出贡献”承接上文，进一步说明其作用，符合题意。故选F。 3．下文“The infrastructure (基础设施) of a gym plays a crucial role in its sustainability journey. The use of eco- friendly materials, energy- efficient lighting and strategic design for natural air circulation are key elements of a green fitness space.(健身房的基础设施在其可持续发展之旅中起着至关重要的作用。使用环保材料、节能照明和自然空气循环的战略设计是绿色健身空间的关键要素)”说明健身房的基础设施在可持续发展中扮演重要角色。使用环保材料、节能照明和自然通风的巧妙设计是一个绿色健身空间的关键，B项“绿色建筑实践”引出下文内容，适合作为段落主题句。故选B。 4．上文“Sustainable fitness spaces prioritise comprehensive waste management systems.(可持续健身空间优先考虑全面的废物管理系统)”说明可持续发展的健身房会将细致的废弃物管理系统放在首位，A项“这涉及对常见健身房材料的回收计划”承接上文，进一步说明其具体的做法，与回收健身房材料相关，符合题意。故选A。 5．下文“but sustainable fitness facilities find innovative ways to employ renewable energy. Solar panels and other renewable energy sources are integrated into the gym’s infrastructure to offset power consumption, reducing the facility’s carbon footprint and contributing to a greener energy landscape.(但可持续的健身设施找到了利用可再生能源的创新方法。太阳能电池板和其他可再生能源被整合到健身房的基础设施中，以抵消电力消耗，减少设施的碳足迹，并有助于打造更绿色的能源景观)”说明可持续发展的健身房中健身设施可以减少设施的碳足迹，E项“繁忙健身房的能量需求可能相当大”介绍客观情况，与下文形成转折关系，引出下文介绍的可持续发展健身房的益处，符合题意。故选E。 （二） （23-24高三下·江西赣州·期末）Are there life lessons in swimming? Swimming is so much more than just about the stroke or a good kick. 6 What might it say then? •Be patient with the things you want to learn. Swimming is very technical and requires lots of practice of drills and skills. This requires patience and no matter how talented you are, you won’t master swimming within a week. Regardless of your swimming proficiency (熟练), you will always have something to learn. This makes swimming amazing yet disappointing. There is always the next step, just like in life. 7 •You learn how to deal with failure and setbacks. It’s not always going to be fair. And things won’t always go our way. There will be times when no matter how hard we work, the results don’t match our effort in practice. These moments hurt, and they make you realise you are not as good as you think you are. 8 To overcome. And to be humble. • 9 Ever wonder why so many swimmers seem to have superhuman speed when it comes to relay legs? I’ve seen it so many times, from my own swimming, dropping nearly a second on my best time in the 50 m freestyle, to Jason Lezak and his otherworldly 46.0 at the Beijing Olympics—there is something that happens when you race for something besides just yourself. •Losing is as important as winning. Winning is great while losing is terrible. We can agree to that. 10 You will lose many times during your swimming career, but being able to lean across the lane line and shake the winner’s hand means that you conquered (战胜) yourself. Similarly, being a champion is more than just being the first swimmer to the wall—it’s being humble in victory, and setting an example for those to come. Swimming is not only a sport; it is a lifestyle. The lessons that you learn from swimming will follow you through life. A．Being a team makes everyone better. B．You do not always get what you want. C．It can also speak meaningfully into our lives. D．But they also teach you how to be mentally tough. E．It teaches you to be mindful of the process and not to rush things. F．But I believe that how we do both matters more than the outcome. G．You need to adopt the daily routines and habits that will get you there. 【答案】6．C 7．E 8．D 9．A 10．F 【导语】本文说明文。文章介绍了游泳不仅仅是关于划水或良好的踢腿技巧，它还蕴含着丰富的生活教训。文章通过几个方面来阐述游泳如何影响并教导我们在生活中的态度和技能。 6．由上文“Swimming is so much more than just about the stroke or a good kick. (游泳不仅仅是划水或踢腿那么简单。)”可知，此处应表示游泳的技术和动作之外所涵盖的内容。选项C“It can also speak meaningfully into our lives. (它还可以对我们的生活产生有意义的影响。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 7．由上文“This requires patience and no matter how talented you are, you won’t master swimming within a week. Regardless of your swimming proficiency (熟练), you will always have something to learn. This makes swimming amazing yet disappointing. There is always the next step, just like in life. (这需要耐心，无论你多么有天赋，你都不可能在一周内掌握游泳。不管你的游泳水平如何，你总有东西要学。这使得游泳既神奇又令人失望。就像在生活中一样，总会有下一步。)”可知，游泳需要耐心，总有东西要学，本空应继续讨论在游泳中要学会的耐心技能，E选项“It teaches you to be mindful of the process and not to rush things. (它教会你关注过程，不要急于求成。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 8．由上文“You learn how to deal with failure and setbacks. It’s not always going to be fair. And things won’t always go our way. There will be times when no matter how hard we work, the results don’t match our effort in practice. These moments hurt, and they make you realise you are not as good as you think you are. (你学会了如何处理失败和挫折。这并不总是公平的。事情并不总是如我们所愿。有时候，无论我们多么努力，结果与我们在实践中的努力并不匹配。这些时刻让人心痛，它们让你意识到你并没有自己想象的那么好。要克服。要谦虚。)”可知，本空谈论游泳带来的精神层面的好处，而D选项“But they also teach you how to be mentally tough. (但它们也教会你如何在精神上变得坚韧。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 9．由下文“Ever wonder why so many swimmers seem to have superhuman speed when it comes to relay legs? I’ve seen it so many times, from my own swimming, dropping nearly a second on my best time in the 50 m freestyle, to Jason Lezak and his otherworldly 46.0 at the Beijing Olympics—there is something that happens when you race for something besides just yourself. (有没有想过为什么那么多游泳运动员在接力赛中似乎有超人的速度？从我自己在50米自由泳的最佳成绩上落后近一秒，到Jason Lezak在北京奥运会上超凡脱俗的46秒，我已经见过很多次了——当你为别的东西而比赛时，会发生一些事情，而不仅仅是你自己。)”可知，本段主要讨论了接力赛中游泳者展现出超乎寻常的速度，以及团队合作对于提升表现的重要性，A选项“Being a team makes everyone better. (作为一个团队使每个人都变得更好。)”能概括本段主旨，作为小标题最恰当。故选A。 10．由上文“Losing is as important as winning. Winning is great while losing is terrible. We can agree to that. (输和赢一样重要。赢是伟大的，输是可怕的。我们可以同意。)”和下文“You will lose many times during your swimming career, but being able to lean across the lane line and shake the winner’s hand means that you conquered (战胜) yourself. Similarly, being a champion is more than just being the first swimmer to the wall—it’s being humble in victory, and setting an example for those to come. (在你的游泳生涯中，你会输很多次，但是能够越过泳道线和胜利者握手意味着你战胜了自己。同样，成为一名冠军也不仅仅是成为第一个到达终点的游泳运动员，而是在胜利时保持谦逊，为后来者树立榜样。)”可知，上文提到胜利固然美妙，失败则令人沮丧，而下文紧接着说在游泳生涯中你会多次失败，但能从失败中站起来才是关键，说明如何对待胜负很重要。F选项“But I believe that how we do both matters more than the outcome. (但我认为我们如何应对这两者比结果更重要)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 （三） （2024·四川绵阳·三模）If your friends are happy, it turns out that you’re more likely to be happy too. If your friends are overweight, that too ups the likelihood that you’ll pack on pounds. 11 The researchers analyzed the running activity of more than a million individuals worldwide who used an exercise tracking device for five years. They used weather patterns as a way to randomly examine different parts of that global network. On average, fine days would encourage people to run more, rainy or cold days less. Since different cities have different weather patterns, this natural experiment allowed them to ask: Did a rainy day in New York affect running in San Diego? If the weather in New York caused changes in the running behavior in San Diego, it could possibly happen through peer influences of the friends. 12 The behavior of one city’s runners could indeed affect the behavior of runners in another socially connected city. 13 Women tended to be influenced more by the female runners in their networks. And less active runners tended to influence more active runners to run more, but not so much the other way around. 14 “We have to start thinking about consumers and citizens as networked consumers and citizens. Since they are easily influenced by and influence their social network in very strong and dynamic ways, it will change the way a particular intervention succeeds or fails.” Sinan Aral, the leading researcher said. Or, let’s put it this way. Next time, the doctors recommend people to do more exercise. 15 A．There were a few more findings. B．That was exactly what the researchers saw. C．More difficulties remained to be worked out. D．They will tell the same to their friends and family, too. E．The result provides some practical guidance for professionals. F．Runners in one city would run as much as peers in another city. G．Now researchers have identified another similar quality: exercise. 【答案】11．G 12．B 13．A 14．E 15．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员发现锻炼也会互相影响。 11．根据上文“If your friends are happy, it turns out that you’re more likely to be happy too. If your friends are overweight, that too ups the likelihood that you’ll pack on pounds.(如果你的朋友快乐，那么你也更有可能快乐。如果你的朋友超重，你发胖的可能性也会增加)”可知，本句为过渡句，主要引出后文其他相似的品质，故G选项“现在，研究人员发现了另一种类似的品质：锻炼”符合语境，故选G。 12．根据上文“Since different cities have different weather patterns, this natural experiment allowed them to ask: Did a rainy day in New York affect running in San Diego? If the weather in New York caused changes in the running behavior in San Diego, it could possibly happen through peer influences of the friends.(由于不同的城市有不同的天气模式，这个自然实验允许他们问：纽约的雨天会影响圣地亚哥的跑步吗？如果纽约的天气导致圣地亚哥的跑步行为发生变化，这可能是由于朋友的同伴影响)”以及后文“The behavior of one city’s runners could indeed affect the behavior of runners in another socially connected city.(一个城市跑步者的行为确实会影响另一个有社会联系的城市跑步者的行为)”可知，本句主要总结上文的现象，指出研究人员的发现。故B选项“这正是研究人员所看到的”符合语境，故选B。 13．根据后文“Women tended to be influenced more by the female runners in their networks. And less active runners tended to influence more active runners to run more, but not so much the other way around.(女性往往更容易受到她们社交网络中女性跑步者的影响。不太活跃的跑步者往往会影响更活跃的跑步者跑得更多，但反之亦然)”可知，后文主要列举了研究的其他一些发现。故A选项“还有一些发现”符合语境，故选A。 14．根据后文““We have to start thinking about consumers and citizens as networked consumers and citizens. Since they are easily influenced by and influence their social network in very strong and dynamic ways, it will change the way a particular intervention succeeds or fails.” Sinan Aral, the leading researcher said.(“我们必须开始把消费者和公民视为网络化的消费者和公民。由于他们很容易受到社会网络的影响，并以非常强烈和动态的方式影响他们的社会网络，这将改变特定干预的成败方式。”首席研究员希南·阿拉尔说)”可知，后文主要是研究人员所提供的建议。故E选项“该结果为专业人员提供了一些实用指导”符合语境，故选E。 15．根据上文“Or, let’s put it this way. Next time, the doctors recommend people to do more exercise.(或者，我们这么说吧。下次，医生建议人们多做运动)”结合上文主要说明了研究人员发现锻炼也会互相影响。D选项中They指代上文doctors。故D选项“他们也会告诉他们的朋友和家人一样的话”符合语境，故选D。 （四） （2024·山东聊城·二模）The heat and humidity in summer can make even the most dedicated runners want to stay inside. Here are some tips which can help you remain on track even when the weather is less than ideal. First, do remember to stay hydrated when running in summer. When it’s hot, you will sweat more and lose essential electrolytes (电解质). To avoid heat exhaustion, dizziness and other heat-related issues, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after your run. 16 Another way to make summer running easier is to get an early start. The temperature  is typically cooler in the morning, and the sun will become more intense as the day goes on. 17 Further, starting your run early will even help you make the most of your day. 18 However, it’s essential to dress appropriately for summer running. One tip is to choose light-colored clothing, as darker colors absorb more heat. You should also look for fabrics that are breathable and quick-drying. When running in the summer, pay attention to your body, and take breaks as needed in case of overexertion (过度负荷) which can lead to heat stroke. 19 Just slow down your usual pace and focus on running for long, rather than trying to cover a lot of ground quickly, and you will be able to enjoy your run while staying safe. After a hot run, drink plenty of fluids and take a few minutes to stretch. 20 By cooling down properly, you’ll be able to beat the heat. In addition, it helps to regulate your body temperature and prevent muscle soreness. A．Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool. B．The heat will make it challenging to run outside. C．This will help you keep your body functioning at its best. D．Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself. E．So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired. F．By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day. G．As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run. 【答案】16．C 17．F 18．G 19．D 20．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在夏天跑步时保持健康的一些建议。 16．根据上文“To avoid heat exhaustion, dizziness and other heat-related issues, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after your run. (为了避免中暑、头晕和其他与热有关的问题，在跑步前、跑步中和跑步后要喝大量的液体。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时，防止中暑等问题的建议，C 选项“This will help you keep your body functioning at its best. (这将帮助你保持身体的最佳功能。)”中的This指代上文提到的“喝大量的液体”，符合语境。故选C。 17．根据上文“The temperature is typically cooler in the morning, and the sun will become more intense as the day goes on. (早晨的温度通常比较凉爽，而随着一天的推移，太阳会变得更加猛烈。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时，选择合适的时间的建议，F 选项“By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day. (通过这样做，你可以避开在一天晚些时候经常出现的炎热和人群。)”中的 by doing it 指代上文提到的“在早晨跑步”，符合语境。故选F。 18．根据下文“However, it’s essential to dress appropriately for summer running. (然而，在夏天跑步时穿着得体是很重要的。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时，穿着方面的建议，G 选项“As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run. (随着天气变暖，人们很容易穿上短裤和背心去跑步。)”中的“穿上短裤和背心去跑步”是不恰当的穿着，与下文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选 G。 19．根据上文“When running in the summer, pay attention to your body, and take breaks as needed in case of overexertion (过度负荷) which can lead to heat stroke. (在夏天跑步时，要注意自己的身体，在需要时休息，以防过度劳累导致中暑。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时，要注意身体，避免过度劳累，D 选项“Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself. (因此，除了以上的建议，调整自己的节奏也很重要)。”中的“调整自己的节奏”是避免过度劳累的方法之一，符合语境。故选 D。 20．根据上文“After a hot run, drink plenty of fluids and take a few minutes to stretch. (在炎热的跑步后，喝大量的液体，花几分钟时间伸展身体。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步后，要注意身体的冷却和伸展，A 选项“Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool. (然后，去冲个澡或在游泳池里泡一泡。)。”中的“去冲个澡或在游泳池里泡一泡”是身体冷却的方法之一，符合语境。故选 A。 （五） （2024·山东济南·三模）Yoga has been around for roughly 5, 000 years but it is more popular today than ever. An estimated 300 million people play yoga worldwide. Experts say its accessibility and the fact that you can practice it anywhere are big reasons why. 21 Yoga can improve your posture and balance, strengthen bones and muscles and keep your back and joints healthy. 22 Downward-facing dog can help relieve back pain while plank (平板) pose is good for building a strong core and upper body. Typically the final position of a yoga class is ideally done for at least five minutes. 23 After that, you and your classmates usually acknowledge each other with a greeting: Namaste. Many people adopt yoga as a form of exercise. 24 As recorded in the Yoga Sutras, a classic yoga text, the philosophy of yoga is based on the idea that the mind, body and spirit are one. The practice of yoga consists of not only physical postures but also moral guidelines, breathing techniques, and self-awareness, helping reduce anxiety and improve focus. It is an approach to health and well-being that aims to bring balance and harmony to all aspects of life. 25 However, a 13-year U. S. study found that between 2001 and 2014, almost30, 000 individuals went to the emergency room with a yoga-related injury. Overstretching tends to be the most common issue, but serious injuries-although rare-can happen even to advanced coaches. A．Different poses offer different benefits. B．The detailed advantages are as follows. C．Actually, yoga is a way of life at its roots. D．This exercise is said to strengthen your body. E．Yoga seems unlikely to send you to the hospital. F．A lot of studies have been carried out about yoga. G．The aim of this pose is to settle your mind and body. 【答案】21．B 22．A 23．G 24．C 25．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑜伽的历史以及好处。 21．根据上文“Yoga has been around for roughly 5, 000 years but it is more popular today than ever. An estimated 300 million people play yoga worldwide. Experts say its accessibility and the fact that you can practice it anywhere are big reasons why.(瑜伽已经存在了大约5000年，但今天比以往任何时候都更受欢迎。据估计，全世界有3亿人练瑜伽。专家表示，它的易用性和你可以在任何地方练习的事实是主要原因)”结合后文主要说明了瑜伽的好处。故B选项“详细的优点如下”承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 22．根据后文“Downward-facing dog can help relieve back pain while plank (平板) pose is good for building a strong core and upper body.(下犬式可以帮助缓解背部疼痛，而平板支撑式可以锻炼强壮的核心和上半身)”可知，后文主要列举了瑜伽的不同姿势所带来的好处。故A选项“不同的姿势有不同的好处”符合语境，故选A。 23．根据上文“Typically the final position of a yoga class is ideally done for at least five minutes.(通常，瑜伽课的最后一个姿势最好至少做五分钟)”以及后文“After that, you and your classmates usually acknowledge each other with a greeting: Namaste.(在那之后，你和你的同学通常用问候来互相承认：Namaste)”可知，本句主要说明最后一个姿势做五分钟的原因。故G选项“这个体式的目的是让你的身心安定下来”符合语境，故选G。 24．根据上文“Many people adopt yoga as a form of exercise.(许多人把瑜伽作为一种锻炼方式)”以及后文“As recorded in the Yoga Sutras, a classic yoga text, the philosophy of yoga is based on the idea that the mind, body and spirit are one. The practice of yoga consists of not only physical postures but also moral guidelines, breathing techniques, and self-awareness, helping reduce anxiety and improve focus. It is an approach to health and well-being that aims to bring balance and harmony to all aspects of life.(正如经典瑜伽文本《瑜伽经》中所记载的那样，瑜伽的哲学是基于思想、身体和精神是一体的理念。瑜伽练习不仅包括身体姿势，还包括道德准则、呼吸技巧和自我意识，有助于减少焦虑和提高注意力。这是一种健康和幸福的方法，旨在为生活的各个方面带来平衡与和谐)”可知，后文提到瑜伽为生活各个方面带来平衡和和谐，可知瑜伽可以作为一种生活方式。故C选项“实际上，瑜伽从根本上说是一种生活方式”符合语境，故选C。 25．根据后文“However, a 13-year U. S. study found that between 2001 and 2014, almost30, 000 individuals went to the emergency room with a yoga-related injury. Overstretching tends to be the most common issue, but serious injuries-although rare-can happen even to advanced coaches.(然而，一项为期13年的美国研究发现，在2001年至2014年期间，近3万人因瑜伽相关损伤而前往急诊室。过度拉伸往往是最常见的问题，但严重的伤害——尽管很少——即使是高级教练也会发生)”可知，本句与后文构成转折，后文说明了瑜伽导致受伤，可知本句是在说明瑜伽不会导致受伤的情况。故E选项“瑜伽似乎不太可能把你送进医院”符合语境，故选E。 （六） （2024·辽宁沈阳·模拟预测）Skeet shooting is a type of target sport in which the shooter uses a special gun to hit moving clay target, which are sometimes referred to as “clay pigeons (陶土飞靶)”. This target sport is an important, competitive sport in the Olympic games. 26 Skeet shooting was invented by the bird hunter in the early nineteenth century under the original name of “clock shooting”. The game was changed slightly and reached a wider audience over the coming years. Once, a competition was held to determine a new name for this shooting game. 27 The term “skeet” is a Scandinavian word meaning “to shoot”. Today, skeet shooting is as American as apple pie and McDonald’s. At first, fans of the sport were male, but now, a fair number of women also love skeet shooting. 28 For friends or families, skeet shooting at a sporting club can be a fun activity. 29 Generally, people will need to purchase related equipment, including something guaranteeing personal safety such as safety glasses. And they’d better have a large, private yard. If the players have never done shooting of any kind before, they should also take a safety course, which will teach them about the proper use and storage of the equipment. Like most skills, skeet shooting takes a lot of patience and practice. 30 But those folks are few and far between, especially if they’ve never picked up a shotgun before. If you aren’t a patient person, that’s okay because skeet shooting can help you develop patience. A．Why do people love skeet shooting? B．At last, the game was called skeet shooting. C．How can one participate in the sport at home? D．Unfortunately, no recommended name was chosen. E．Sure, some people might have a natural talent for it. F．There are many clubs offering skeet shooting in America. G．Therefore, many countries attach much importance to it. 【答案】26．G 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了双向飞碟射击的基本概念、历史背景、参与方式以及对人们的吸引力。 26．根据上文的“Skeet shooting is a type of target sport in which the shooter uses a special gun to hit moving clay target, which are sometimes referred to as “clay pigeons ”. This target sport is an important, competitive sport in the Olympic games.(双向飞碟射击是一种射击运动，射击者用一种特殊的枪击中移动的陶土目标，有时也被称为“陶土飞靶”。这一目标项目是奥运会中一项重要的竞技项目。)”可知，双向飞碟射击在奥运会中是有着重要地位的，G项(因此，许多国家都非常重视它。)承接上文，说明了因为其重要，所以很多国家重视它，语意通顺，故选G项。 27．根据上文的“Skeet shooting was invented by the bird hunter in the early nineteenth century under the original name of “clock shooting”. The game was changed slightly and reached a wider audience over the coming years. Once, a competition was held to determine a new name for this shooting game. (双向飞碟射击是19世纪早期猎鸟人发明的，最初的名字是“时钟射击”。在接下来的几年里，游戏进行了轻微的改变，吸引了更多的观众。有一次，人们举行了一场比赛，为这种射击游戏取一个新名字。)”和下文的“The term “skeet” is a Scandinavian word meaning “to shoot”.(skeet这个词是斯堪的纳维亚语，意思是“射击”。)”可知，B项(最后，这种游戏被称为双向飞碟射击。)承接上文，介绍了双向飞碟射击名字的由来，下文在解释名字中“skeet”一词的含义，故选B项。 28．根据上文的“Today, skeet shooting is as American as apple pie and McDonald’s. At first, fans of the sport were male, but now, a fair number of women also love skeet shooting. (今天，双向飞碟射击就像苹果派和麦当劳一样具有美国特色。起初，这项运动的粉丝是男性，但现在，相当数量的女性也喜欢双向飞碟射击。)”和下文的“For friends or families, skeet shooting at a sporting club can be a fun activity.(对于朋友或家人来说，在体育俱乐部里进行双向飞碟射击是一项有趣的活动。)”可知，A项(人们为什么喜欢双向飞碟射击？)承接上文，就人们喜欢双向飞碟射击提出问题，下文指出了人们喜欢它的原因，故选A项。 29．根据下文的“Generally, people will need to purchase related equipment, including something guaranteeing personal safety such as safety glasses. And they’d better have a large, private yard. If the players have never done shooting of any kind before, they should also take a safety course, which will teach them about the proper use and storage of the equipment.(一般来说，人们需要购买相关的设备，包括保证人身安全的东西，比如安全眼镜。他们最好有一个大的私人院子。如果球员以前从未做过任何类型的射击，他们也应该参加安全课程，这将教他们如何正确使用和储存设备。)”可知，这些内容是在解释说明人们如何在家进行双向飞碟射击活动，这是在回答C项(如何在家参加体育运动？)提出的问题，故选C项。 30．根据上文的“Like most skills, skeet shooting takes a lot of patience and practice. (像大多数技能一样，双向飞碟射击需要大量的耐心和练习。)”和下文的“But those folks are few and far between, especially if they’ve never picked up a shotgun before. If you aren’t a patient person, that’s okay because skeet shooting can help you develop patience.(但是这些人很少，尤其是那些以前从未拿过猎枪的人。如果你不是一个有耐心的人，没关系，因为双向飞碟射击可以帮助你培养耐心。)”可知，E项(当然，有些人可能在这方面有天赋。)承接上文，说明了有天赋的人在练习双向飞碟射击技能时会有优势，与下文构成转折关系，故选E项。 （七） （2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）A lot of people assume the more work they put in at the gym, and the longer and harder they push themselves, the better their results will be. 31 But if you want to get the best gains, the key is to focus on the quality of the work rather than the quantity. Your body is capable of making only tiny adaptations and improvements at any one time. Once you've given it enough push to make these changes, any additional work you do after that point won't be making you any better. 32 This is because you'll need longer to recover afterwards. Besides, you won't feel fresh when you start your next session. Ideally, it's just enough to do the smallest amount of work required to promote growth in every workout. 33 Thus the minimum amount of exercise brings the maximum physical gains. 34 For example, if a new gym-goer wants to get stronger, he might start a squat (深蹲) workout, which is made up of ten steps, each having five repetitions. In theory, it's a sensible way for building strength. If he's only attempted three steps in his previous exercise, it's far from enough. The fourth step would push him past his previous limit and force adaptation. But the subsequent steps are meant for more professional people. 35 As a general rule, regardless of your experience, aim to only increase the volume of any exercise by one step from workout to workout. A．It seems logical. B．Instead, it'll harm your progress. C．It's natural that you may want to keep fit. D．After that, you can stop exercising during the day. E．Only in this way can you enjoy the benefit of exercise. F．They would just increase the chance of injury for beginners. G．How much exercise you need to do depends on your current fitness level. 【答案】31．A 32．B 33．D 34．G 35．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们在锻炼的时候不能贪多，需要量力而行，逐步前进。 31．根据上文“A lot of people assume the more work they put in at the gym, and the longer and harder they push themselves, the better their results will be. (很多人认为他们在健身房投入的工作量越多，时间越长、努力越强，他们的成绩就会越好)”以及下文“But if you want to get the best gains, the key is to focus on the quality of the work rather than the quantity. (但如果你想获得最好的收获，关键是要关注工作的质量，而不是数量) ”可知，人们普遍认为锻炼的时间越长、越刻苦，收益就越大；但是实际上，锻炼时应该更关注锻炼的质量而非锻炼的时长。空处应承上启下，将上下文衔接起来。A项“It seems logical. (这似乎合乎逻辑)”中的It指代上文 the more work they put in at the gym, and the longer and harder they push themselves, the better their results will be这件事。故选A项。 32．根据上文“Once you've given it enough push to make these changes, any additional work you do after that point won't be making you any better. (一旦你给了它足够的动力来做出这些改变，在那之后你所做的任何额外工作都不会让你变得更好)” 以及下文“This is because you'll need longer to recover afterwards. (这是因为你需要更长的时间来恢复) ”可知，空格处应与上下文语义一致，介绍过度锻炼的坏处。B项“Instead, it'll harm your progress. (相反，这会损害你的进步)”承上启下，符合语境，故选B项。 33．根据上文“Ideally, it's just enough to do the smallest amount of work required to promote growth in every workout. (理想情况下，在每次锻炼中只需做促进成长所需的最小工作量就足够了)”可知，空格处应承接上文，进一步说明健身时，在完成最低训练量后应该停止训练，这样才能得到最大的收益。D项“After that, you can stop exercising during the day. (之后，你可以停止白天的运动)”承上启下，符合语境，故选D项。 34．根据下文的例子“For example, if a new gym-goer wants to get stronger, he might start a squat (深蹲) workout, which is made up of ten steps, each having five repetitions. (例如，如果一个新来健身房的人想变得更强壮，他可能会开始深蹲锻炼，由十个步骤组成，每个步骤重复五次)”可知，本段主要说明了每次锻炼的运动量如何确定。G项“How much exercise you need to do depends on your current fitness level. (你需要做多少运动取决于你目前的体能水平)”与本段内容相呼应，符合语境，故选G项。 35．根据上文“But the subsequent steps are meant for more professional people. (但接下来的步骤是为更专业的人准备的)”可知，后面的训练步骤是更专业的人需要做的，空处应承接上文，解释后续较难的步骤对初学者来说会有危险。F项“They would just increase the chance of injury for beginners. (它们只会增加初学者受伤的机会)”符合语境，故选F项。 （八） （2024·吉林·三模）Tai Chi, a gentle martial art originating from China and involving slow movements with a focus on breathing and on what your body is doing in that moment, provides numerous benefits for both physical and mental well-being. Here are five convincing reasons to bring Tai Chi into your routine. ●It’s easy on the body. Tai Chi offers gentle exercise suitable for individuals of all ages and fitness levels. 36 , as muscles remain relaxed without any stretching or straining. It’s an exercise that can be easily adapted for less able people, including those in wheelchairs. ●It could prevent falls. A review of studies conducted in 2019 indicated that Tai Chi could lower the risk of falls among older people. Certainly, the emphasis is on balance, with sideways and backwards movements aiding in the strengthening of the muscles necessary for stability. 37 . ●It may boost brain power.   38 . Research shows that practising Tai Chi on a regular basis can enhance cognitive abilities in older adults, both those with and without memory issues. Given that it’s considered safe and suitable for the elderly, this is a definite win. ● 39 . A reduction in stress and anxiety, along with an increase in confidence, is another mental health benefit of Tai Chi, as indicated by research findings, though further research is needed to comprehensively understand and confirm these effects. ●You can do it at home. Attending classes can be beneficial for receiving structured instruction and connecting with like-minded individuals. 40 , providing an alternative for practicing at home. You’re bound to find one that matches your fitness level and exercise preferences. Practicing Tai Chi at home can also offer unparalleled convenience and flexibility. A．It has the feel-good factor B．It can improve heart health C．The benefits aren’t just physical D．But there are videos available online too E．They also improve flexibility and spatial awareness F．Its low-impact nature minimizes the risk of joint injury G．You can share experiences with these people face-to-face 【答案】36．F 37．E 38．C 39．A 40．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍练习太极拳的五点好处。 36．根据小标题“It’s easy on the body(它对身体来说很轻松)”可知，太极拳对身体不会造成过多的压力或负担，以及下一句“as muscles remain relaxed without any stretching or straining(因为肌肉保持放松，没有任何拉伸或紧张的情况)”可知，本句是在解释太极拳不会对身体造成压力的原因。故F选项“它的低冲击力使得关节损伤的风险降到最低”符合语境。故选F。 37．根据小标题 “It could prevent falls.(它可以防止跌倒)”以及上文“Certainly, the emphasis is on balance, with sideways and backwards movements aiding in the strengthening of the muscles necessary for stability(当然，重点是平衡，侧向和向后的动作有助于加强稳定所必需的肌肉)”可知练习太极可以避免摔倒是因为该运动有助于加强稳定所必需的肌肉。而E选项“侧向和向后的动作还能提高灵活性和空间意识”是的另一个原因。其中also为语篇标志词，表示与上一句构成并列关系, they指代上句中的sideways and backwards movements。故选E。 38．根据后文“Research shows that practising Tai Chi on a regular basis can enhance cognitive abilities in older adults, both those with and without memory issues. Given that it’s considered safe and suitable for the elderly, this is a definite win.(研究表明，定期练习太极可以提高老年人的认知能力，无论是有记忆问题还是没有记忆问题。考虑到它被认为是安全的，适合老年人，这是一个明确的胜利)”以及语篇结构可知，在练习太极的五个原因中，前两个是对身体健康的好处，从第三个开始讨论对心理健康的好处。C选项“好处不只是身体上的”指出太极拳的好处不仅仅局限于身体上的，也包括了心理方面的好处，起到了承接上下段的功能。故选C。 39．根据本段内容“A reduction in stress and anxiety, along with an increase in confidence, is another mental health benefit of Tai Chi, as indicated by research findings, though further research is needed to comprehensively understand and confirm these effects.(研究结果表明，减少压力和焦虑，增加信心，是太极拳对心理健康的另一个好处，尽管需要进一步的研究来全面了解和证实这些影响)”可知，该段谈论了太极拳对心理健康的好处，包括减轻压力和焦虑，增强自信心。因此，从逻辑上来说，该段标题应该强调太极拳对心理健康的积极影响。选项A “它让人感觉良好”符合语境。故选A。 40．根据小标题 “You can do it at home(你可以在家里练习太极)”以及上文“Attending classes can be beneficial for receiving structured instruction and connecting with like-minded individuals.(参加课程对接受系统的指导和与志同道合的人联系是有益的)”和后文“providing an alternative for practicing at home(为在家练习提供了另一种选择)”可知D选项“但是网上也有视频”符合要求。 这个选项提到了在线视频使得在家练习成为可能，与小标题提到的在家练习的内容相关，同时与前一句构成转折关系。此外，该段倒数第二句话中的one指代D选项中的 “video”。故选D。 （九） （2024·山东·一模）After a challenging workout, the last thing you probably want to do is spend five to ten minutes stretching. 41 Why is stretching so important and how often do you need to do it? Here we are going to share what we have learnt from some experts. When you think about exercise, most people participate in some type of aerobic (有氧的) activity that improves their cardiovascular (心血管的) endurance. 42 Those are two very important elements of a fitness program, but there’s also a third element. That is your flexibility and mobility, which is most often the one that’s ignored. Stretching helps keep us mobile. We are born super mobile as babies and young children, but lose this as we grow into adults. 43 It means we are able to move less; we are functionally less able to do everyday stuff like picking up a pen from the floor, or climbing stairs efficiently. 44 It’s also going to help reduce the risk of injury. Some people are naturally more flexible than others, but no matter whether you can touch your toes or not, you should be working on your flexibility and mobility because the more moveless you are, the more your muscles are shortening, which in turn is causing you to be tighter. When you get up, you maybe go for a quick walk to fill up your water bottle or get a cup of coffee, then come back and do a seated leg stretch or a standing version. 45 A．Why is stretching good for your healthy habits? B．Stretching makes for relieving muscle tension and pain. C．When we stop stretching, we lose capacity in movement. D．Walking, done in the right way, is a form of aerobic exercise. E．It won’t take much time to add these habits into your daily routine. F．However, doing so can result in physical and mental health benefits. G．They also do weight training to help maintain muscle mass and build strength. 【答案】41．F 42．G 43．C 44．B 45．E 【导语】本文是说明文。主要解释了为什么拉伸很重要，以及如何在日常生活中实施拉伸，通过事实和专家意见来说明拉伸的好处和必要性。 41．根据前文“After a challenging workout, the last thing you probably want to do is spend five to ten minutes stretching.(在一次具有挑战性的锻炼之后，你可能最不想做的事情就是花5到10分钟做伸展运动)”以及后文“Why is stretching so important and how often do you need to do it?(为什么拉伸运动如此重要?多长时间做一次?)”可知，前文提到不想做伸展运动，后文开始提问，为什么重要，多久做一次，所以空处应是一个过渡句，F项“However, doing so can result in physical and mental health benefits.(然而，这样做可以带来身心健康的好处)”和前文构成转折，并引出下文，符合文意。故选F项。 42．根据前文“When you think about exercise, most people participate in some type of aerobic (有氧的) activity that improves their cardiovascular (心血管的) endurance.(说到运动，大多数人都会参加某种有氧运动，以提高心血管耐力)”以及后文“Those are two very important elements of a fitness program, but there’s also a third element.(这是健身计划的两个非常重要的因素，但还有第三个因素)”可知，后文提到了两个因素，前文只说了一个，所以空处应是另一个因素，G项“They also do weight training to help maintain muscle mass and build strength.(他们也做重量训练来帮助保持肌肉质量和增强力量)”符合文意，为第二个因素，其中also说明和前文构成顺承关系。故选G项。 43．根据前文“Stretching helps keep us mobile. We are born super mobile as babies and young children, but lose this as we grow into adults.(伸展运动有助于我们保持活动。在婴儿和幼儿时期，我们天生具有超强的机动性，但随着我们长大成人，这种能力就会丧失)”可知，本段讲述了伸展运动对人们的好处，所以C项“When we stop stretching, we lose capacity in movement.(当我们停止伸展时，我们就失去了运动能力)”承接上文，讲述停止伸展时的坏处，并引出下文“It means we are able to move less; we are functionally less able to do everyday stuff like picking up a pen from the floor, or climbing stairs efficiently.(这意味着我们可以移动得更少；我们做日常事情的能力下降了，比如从地板上捡起一支笔，或者高效地爬楼梯)”。故选C项。 44．分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“It’s also going to help reduce the risk of injury. Some people are naturally more flexible than others, but no matter whether you can touch your toes or not, you should be working on your flexibility and mobility because the more moveless you are, the more your muscles are shortening, which in turn is causing you to be tighter.(这也将有助于减少受伤的风险。有些人天生比其他人更灵活，但不管你是否能摸到脚趾，你都应该锻炼你的灵活性和机动性，因为你越不动，你的肌肉就越短，这反过来又会导致你更紧)”可知，本段主要讲述了伸展运动有助于肌肉紧张和疼痛，所以B项“Stretching makes for relieving muscle tension and pain.(拉伸有助于缓解肌肉紧张和疼痛)”符合本段主题。故选B项。 45．根据前文“When you get up, you maybe go for a quick walk to fill up your water bottle or get a cup of coffee, then come back and do a seated leg stretch or a standing version.(当你起床的时候，你可能会去散散步，把水瓶里的水装满，或者喝杯咖啡，然后回来做一个坐着的腿伸展或站着的腿伸展)”，可知E项“It won’t take much time to add these habits into your daily routine.(在你的日常生活中养成这些习惯并不需要花太多时间)”是对前文的总结，符合文意。故选E项。 （十） （2024·安徽滁州·二模）How to overcome gym anxiety Here are some practical tips to help you overcome anxiety in the gym and create a positive, empowering experience for yourself. Set realistic expectations The first step in overcoming gym anxiety is to set realistic expectations. Understand that everyone starts somewhere and that the gym is a place for personal growth and improvement. 46 Every individual in the gym is on their own unique fitness journey. Plan ahead and familiarise yourself 47 Before heading to the gym, plan your workout routine and familiarise yourself with the equipment you intend to use. Research exercise techniques and watch instructional videos to gain confidence and knowledge. By doing so, you’ll enter the gym with a sense of purpose and direction. Start slowly and gradually Ease into your gym routine by starting with exercises and machines you are comfortable with. 48 Taking small steps will not only help you build physical strength but also improve your mental resilience (韧性), empowering you to tackle new challenges. 49 Having a gym partner can provide huge support and motivation. Consider finding a friend who shares your fitness goals or seeking guidance from a personal trainer. A supportive companion or an expert can provide guidance, encourage you during workouts, and help remove anxiety by offering tips and feedback. Practice mindfulness techniques Mindfulness exercises can be powerful tools to fight anxiety in any setting, including the gym. 50 Focusing on your breath and being present in the moment can help calm your mind and remove anxiety. Additionally, practicing mindfulness during your workout can enhance your mind-body connection, allowing you to fully involve yourself in the experience. A．Find a gym partner or seek professional help B．Fight gym anxiety and unlock your true potential C．Remind yourself that progress certainly takes time. D．Feeling prepared can significantly reduce anxiety levels. E．Stepping foot inside a gym can cause feelings of anxiety. F．Prior to your workout, take minutes to engage in deep breathing or thinking. G．Gradually introduce new exercises or equipment as you become more confident. 【答案】46．C 47．D 48．G 49．A 50．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是如何克服健身房焦虑。 46．根据本段标题“Set realistic expectations(设定切合实际的期望)”以及前文“Understand that everyone starts somewhere and that the gym is a place for personal growth and improvement. (要明白每个人都是从某个地方开始的，健身房是个人成长和进步的地方。)”可知，此处建议每个人必须要设定切实可行的期望，并且要明白每个人都是从某个地方开始的，并不是一蹴而就的。C选项“Remind yourself that progress certainly takes time.(提醒自己进步是需要时间的。)”符合语境，指出要时刻提醒自己进步是需要时间的，需要设定切实可行的期望，符合语境。故选C。 47．根据本段段旨“Plan ahead and familiarise yourself(提前计划并熟悉自己)”以及后文“Before heading to the gym, plan your workout routine and familiarise yourself with the equipment you intend to use. (在去健身房之前，计划好你的锻炼计划，熟悉你打算使用的器材。)”可知，本段主要强调的是去健身房之前要好好计划并且做准备。D选项“Feeling prepared can significantly reduce anxiety levels.(做好准备可以显著降低焦虑程度。)”指出做好健身准备是能够可以显著较低焦虑程度的，引起下文，同时与本段段旨呼应，符合语境。故选D。 48．根据前文“Ease into your gym routine by starting with exercises and machines you are comfortable with. (从你喜欢的运动和器械开始，慢慢进入你的健身计划。)”可知，此处强调缓慢并且逐渐地开始自己的健身计划——从你喜欢的运动和器械开始。后文应该强调接下来的健身过程。G选项“Gradually introduce new exercises or equipment as you become more confident.(当你变得更自信时，逐渐引入新的运动或设备。)”承接前文，指出在原有的健身基础上，当自己变得自信时，逐渐引入新的运动或设备，符合语境。故选G。 49．根据后文“Having a gym partner can provide huge support and motivation. (有一个健身伙伴可以提供巨大的支持和动力。)”以及后文的“A supportive companion or an expert can provide guidance, encourage you during workouts, and help remove anxiety by offering tips and feedback.( 一个支持你的伴侣或专家可以提供指导，鼓励你锻炼，并通过提供提示和反馈来帮助你消除焦虑。)”可知，本段强调的是寻找一个健身伙伴和健身过程中寻求专业帮助的重要性。A选项“Find a gym partner or seek professional help(找一个健身伙伴或寻求专业帮助)”概括本段主要内容，符合段旨。故选A。 50．根据前文“Mindfulness exercises can be powerful tools to fight anxiety in any setting, including the gym. (正念练习在任何环境下都是对抗焦虑的有力工具，包括在健身房。)”以及“Focusing on your breath and being present in the moment can help calm your mind and remove anxiety. (专注于你的呼吸，注重当下可以帮助你冷静下来，消除焦虑。)”可知，此处提出“正念练习”并对其作用进行阐述。F选项“Prior to your workout, take minutes to engage in deep breathing or thinking.(在锻炼之前，花几分钟进行深呼吸或思考。)”中的“花几分钟进行深呼吸或思考”承接前文的“正念练习”，并且与后文“专注呼吸”形成呼应，符合语境。故选F。 （十一） （2024·河北唐山·一模）Despite what most people might think, you really don’t need much time to work out. In fact, even ten to twenty minutes of challenging exercise a few times a week is enough to burn fat, build muscle, boost strength, and contribute to a healthy, active lifestyle. 51 But sometimes, the resistance isn’t really about the actual time the workout takes. It’s about the energy it takes to get ready for it. Maybe your stress levels are over the top, or your energy levels have been so low that you keep talking yourself out of a workout. Or maybe you just don’t want to get all sweaty and have to take a shower afterward. 52 In such fast-paced life, we’re all struggling. But when it comes to exercise, being healthy and fit isn’t as black and white as the fitness world tries to make it seem. 53 Doing something is always better than nothing when it comes to movement. Micro workouts, like getting out for a fifteen-minute walk instead of doing the strength training workout, are significantly better than doing nothing at all. 54 They are time-saving, since they can be done in seconds or in as little time as 15-20 minutes. They require minimum space and equipment. Many can be done at home, in the park, or even while waiting in the checkout line. They are also money-saving as these can be done without a gym membership, coach, trainer, or class instructor. So in order to maintain a healthy lifestyle, make time to move. 55 If all the movements like push-ups and pull-ups add up, you will still get many of the same benefits of a longer, harder workout. A．These are understandable excuses. B．Fitness can be simple, easy and convenient. C．The advantages of micro workouts are apparent. D．Try to add in micro workouts throughout the day. E．No matter how busy you are, you have time to exercise. F．Micro workouts are being backed up by trainers and science. G．Being healthy is really more important than you can imagine. 【答案】51．E 52．A 53．B 54．C 55．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出，尽管许多人认为需要长时间锻炼才能保持健康，但实际上，每周几次的10至20分钟高强度锻炼就足以燃烧脂肪、增强肌肉、提高力量，并促进健康活跃的生活方式。 51．上文“Despite what most people might think, you really don’t need much time to work out. In fact, even ten to twenty minutes of challenging exercise a few times a week is enough to burn fat, build muscle, boost strength, and contribute to a healthy, active lifestyle. (尽管大多数人可能会认为，你真的不需要太多的时间来锻炼。事实上，即使每周进行几次10到20分钟的具有挑战性的运动，也足以燃烧脂肪、增强肌肉、增强力量，并有助于形成健康、积极的生活方式)”提出锻炼其实不需要太多时间，每周几次10到20分钟的具有挑战性的运动即可。E项“No matter how busy you are, you have time to exercise.(不管你有多忙，你都有时间锻炼)”承接上文，构成因果关系，因为锻炼其实不需要太多时间，所以不管有多忙，你都有时间锻炼，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 52．上文“Maybe your stress levels are over the top, or your energy levels have been so low that you keep talking yourself out of a workout. Or maybe you just don’t want to get all sweaty and have to take a shower afterward. (也许你的精神压力水平过高，或者你的能量水平太低，以至于你一直在说服自己不要锻炼。或者你只是不想大汗淋漓，然后再去洗澡)”列举了几个人们不想锻炼的借口，A项“These are understandable excuses.(这些都是可以理解的借口)”是对上文的总结，句中“These”指代上文列举的内容。故选A项。 53．结合前文观点和上文“But when it comes to exercise, being healthy and fit isn’t as black and white as the fitness world tries to make it seem.(但说到锻炼，健康和健美并不像健身界所说的那样非此即彼)”可知，健康和健美并非像健身界所说的那样，一定花很多时间和精力来坚持，B项“Fitness can be simple, easy and convenient.(健身可以简单、轻松、方便)”承接上文，明确观点：健身可以简单、轻松、方便，并不复杂，与本文主题一致。故选B项。 54．下文“They are time-saving, since they can be done in seconds or in as little time as 15-20 minutes. They require minimum space and equipment. Many can be done at home, in the park, or even while waiting in the checkout line. They are also money-saving as these can be done without a gym membership, coach, trainer, or class instructor.(它们很节省时间，因为它们可以在几秒钟内完成，也可以在15-20分钟内完成。它们只需要最小的空间和设备。很多都可以在家里、公园里、甚至在排队结账的时候完成。它们也很省钱，因为这些可以在没有健身房会员、教练、训练师或班主任的情况下完成)”详细介绍了微锻炼的优点，是对C项“The advantages of micro workouts are apparent.(微锻炼的好处是显而易见的)”内容的说明。C项为段首主题句。故选C项。 55．上文“So in order to maintain a healthy lifestyle, make time to move.(因此，为了保持健康的生活方式，请腾出时间来运动)”提出腾出时间运动的建议，D项“Try to add in micro workouts throughout the day.(试着在一天中增加一些微锻炼)”承接上文，进一步提出逐渐增加锻炼内容的要求，下文“If all the movements like push-ups and pull-ups add up, you will still get many of the same benefits of a longer, harder workout.(如果把俯卧撑和引体向上等所有运动加起来，你仍然会得到许多与长时间、高强度锻炼相同的好处)”说明这样做的结果，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 （十二） （23-24高三下·北京·开学考试）Endless studies show the physical, mental and longevity-based benefits of working out, while plenty suggest that avoiding activity is bad. But headlines about someone collapsing after a row always stick in the mind. So, how risky is training too hard? 56 The NHS recommends that healthy adults aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity — but doesn’t suggest where to stop. This is because the ability to handle excess exertion (过度努力) depends on many varied factors. The exact cause of “overtraining”, in the sense of doing too much over an extended period, is still being debated. 57 Others suggest the intestinal microbiota (肠道菌群) are involved. Whatever the case, it can hurt the rest of your life, making you moody, tired, or injury-prone. The best advice is to pay attention when you lack energy or feel unwell and back off a bit. If you are a runner, this can also help with the common complaint of shin splints (胫骨骨膜炎), or more serious stress fractures, which are tiny cracks in the bone itself. The latter, which can be due to a sudden increase in training intensity, won’t heal until you ease off. 58 “The obvious risk factors are linked to impact and exertion,” says Steve Hoyles, a personal trainer and gym owner. “Running is a high-impact activity and analysis shows that inexperienced runners suffer an average of 17.8 injuries per 1,000 hours, whereas in gym users the average is 5.3 injuries per 1,000 hours. 59 Combining these with a form of resistance training would be helpful. Strong muscles, bones, and connective tissues are more resistant to injury than weaker tissues, so prioritise some form of strength training, regardless of your exercise of choice.” 60 By easing in and increasing the difficulty gradually, you will learn to listen to your body, which can help to warn you if something does go wrong. By not thrashing yourself from the start, you will learn to love exercise — and do it for the long haul. A．The story is similar for men and women at risk of stroke. B．So do your best to avoid them by not pushing too hard, or too fast. C．Some experts theorise that it’s all about the central nervous system. D．Swimming and cycling are low-impact but offer limited strength benefits. E．And is there a way to make sure you never cross that red line into dangerous territory? F．If you don’t have existing problems, the chances of something going wrong are very low. G．Exercise will improve your quality of life and almost certainly your chances of living longer. 【答案】56．E 57．C 58．B 59．D 60．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章阐述可能造成过度运动的原因、并介绍一些如何避免因过度运动造成身体损伤的策略。 56．上文“So, how risky is training too hard? (那么，训练过猛有多大风险呢?)”提出疑问：训练过猛有多大风险呢？文章下文主要介绍了如何避免训练过猛造成运动损伤；E选项“And is there a way to make sure you never cross that red line into dangerous territory?(有没有办法确保你永远不会越过红线进入危险区域？)”承接上文，继续设问，提出是否有方法避免过度运动，起到引领下文的作用，符合语境。故选E。 57．由上文“The exact cause of “overtraining”, in the sense of doing too much over an extended period, is still being debated.(“过度训练”的确切原因，即长时间训练过多，仍在争论中。)”以及下文“Others suggest the intestinal microbiota (肠道菌群) are involved. (也有人认为肠道菌群与此有关。)”可知，此处阐述了针对“过度训练”确切原因的不同观点；C选项“Some experts theorise that it’s all about the central nervous system.(一些专家认为，这完全是中枢神经系统的问题。)”陈述了一些专家的观点，符合语境，选项中的“Some experts”与下文中的“Others”相对应。故选C。 58．由上文“If you are a runner, this can also help with the common complaint of shin splints (胫骨骨膜炎), or more serious stress fractures, which are tiny cracks in the bone itself. The latter, which can be due to a sudden increase in training intensity, won’t heal until you ease off.(如果你是一个跑步者，这也可能造成常见的胫骨骨膜炎，或者更严重的应力性骨折，这是骨头本身的微小裂缝。后者，可能是由于训练强度的突然增加，直到你放松下来才会痊愈。)”可知，训练强度的突然增加可能会造成应力性骨折；B选项“So do your best to avoid them by not pushing too hard, or too fast.(所以，不要太用力或太快，尽量避免它们。)”指出运动时不要太快或者太用力，可以避免造成应力性骨折，与上文构成因果关系，符合语境。故选B。 59．根据上文“Running is a high-impact activity and analysis shows that inexperienced runners suffer an average of 17.8 injuries per 1,000 hours, whereas in gym users the average is 5.3 injuries per 1,000 hours.(跑步是一项高强度的运动，分析显示，没有经验的跑步者平均每1000小时受伤17.8次，而健身房使用者平均每1000小时受伤5.3次。)”以及下文“Combining these with a form of resistance training would be helpful. Strong muscles, bones, and connective tissues are more resistant to injury than weaker tissues, so prioritise some form of strength training, regardless of your exercise of choice. (将这些与某种形式的阻力训练结合起来会很有帮助。强壮的肌肉、骨骼和结缔组织比脆弱的组织更能抵抗损伤，所以无论你选择哪种锻炼方式，都要优先进行某种形式的力量训练。)”可知，设空处介绍强度低、对身体损伤小但是缺乏力量训练的运动；D选项“Swimming and cycling are low-impact but offer limited strength benefits.(游泳和骑自行车的冲击力很低，但力量优势有限。)”符合语境。故选D。 60．设空处为文章最后一段段首句，下文“By easing in and increasing the difficulty gradually, you will learn to listen to your body, which can help to warn you if something does go wrong. By not thrashing yourself from the start, you will learn to love exercise — and do it for the long haul.(通过逐渐放松和增加难度，你将学会倾听自己的身体，这有助于在出现问题时警告你。通过从一开始就不折腾自己，你将学会热爱锻炼——并长期锻炼。)”指出逐渐放松和增加难度，学会倾听自己的身体，就能爱上锻炼并养成长期锻炼的习惯；G选项“Exercise will improve your quality of life and almost certainly your chances of living longer.(锻炼可以提高你的生活质量，几乎可以肯定你活得更长)”指出锻炼能够提高生活质量，延长寿命，下文承接G选项，总结如何爱上锻炼并养成长期锻炼的习惯，G选项与文章第一句“Endless studies show the physical, mental and longevity-based benefits of working out(无数的研究表明，锻炼对身体、精神和长寿都有好处)”相呼应。故选G。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$