01体育健康 热点话题题型专练（阅读理解）-备战2025年高考英语

01体育健康-热点话题题型专练（阅读理解） 最新热点话题 Pan Zhanle of China breaks own world record to win Olympic gold medal in men’s 100-meter freestyle （文章来源：AP News） Pan Zhanle of China broke his own world record on the way to winning the men’s 100-meter freestyle Wednesday night, finishing in 46.40 seconds for his country’s first swimming gold medal of the Paris Olympics. That mark topped his 46.80 swum at the February world championships in Doha. “It was a magical moment, really magical,” Pan said. “The record was not just for the Chinese team, but for the world. This is a small step by breaking this record.” In perhaps the most ferocious race in swimming, the 19-year-old Pan edged Kyle Chalmers of Australia, who clocked a 47.48 for silver and Romanian bronze medalist David Popovici in 47.49. No world marks had been broken through the first four days in the pool at the Paris Games. Chalmers won gold in the 100 free in the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Games, and was the silver medalist three years ago in Tokyo behind American Caeleb Dressel. Dressel did not qualify this time. Pan has not been implicated in any of the doping allegations that have surrounded the Chinese swimming team in the run-up to the Olympics. Chinese swimmers in Paris have pushed back strongly against those accusations and say they have been tested more frequently in recent months, sometimes three or four times a week. Pan was asked about the testing and said it all seemed routine to him. “This was standard,” he said. “The tests were done under all the regulations. I don’t think it influenced my performance.” WADA, the World Anti-Doping Agency, put out a statement on Tuesday in response to food contamination scenarios being used to clear athletes who test positive. “WADA is generally concerned about the number of cases that are being closed without sanction when it is not possible to challenge the contamination theory,” the statement said. “There have been many cases of positive tests that were eventually closed without sanction as no-fault violations, sometimes with unusual methods of contamination.” WADA said it was also concerned about similar cases in the United States. 1. What is the main achievement highlighted in the article? A. Pan Zhanle winning a gold medal in the men’s 100-meter freestyle. B. Kyle Chalmers winning silver in the men’s 100-meter freestyle. C. David Popovici setting a new world record. D. The Chinese swimming team winning multiple medals. 2. What was Pan Zhanle's record-breaking time in the 100-meter freestyle? A. 46.80 seconds B. 47.48 seconds C. 47.49 seconds D. 46.40 seconds 3. How did Pan Zhanle react to his record-breaking achievement? A. He felt the record was a small step for the Chinese team. B. He considered the record to be a magical moment. C. He was disappointed with his performance. D. He believed the record was insignificant compared to future goals. 4. What was the concern raised by WADA in its recent statement? A. The frequency of doping tests on athletes. B. The handling of food contamination cases leading to positive tests. C. The lack of new world records in swimming. D. The performance of athletes under doping allegations. 阅读词汇训练 The Power of Your Exercise Mindset By Jenny Taitz If exercise seems like a great idea but you can never keep up a routine, it's worth considering your exercise "mindset". Evidence is mounting that targeting some of our most ingrained, habitual beliefs and replacing them with more adaptive ones can rev up our ability to keep ourselves healthy. For instance, thinking about exercise in all-or-nothing terms—"I need at least 30 minutes or there's no point"—is the enemy of consistency. You want to adopt the mindset that "any and all movement is worth it, and everything counts," says Dr. Michelle Segar, a sustainable-change researcher at the University of Michigan. Even a quick walk in the middle of a hectic day is a deposit toward your well-being. If that doesn't resonate with your perfectionist tendencies, consider whether those tendencies have worked for you. Though rigid standards may help some people, for many others they backfire, creating a vicious cycle of failure. Besides bringing generosity and flexibility to how you view your movement, changing your "why" for getting active can also help sustain your motivation. Rather than seeing workouts as a way to burn calories or lose weight, it can help to focus on more immediately gratifying reasons to do it, like clearing your mind or feeling less stressed. Approaching the process of exercise as something that's appealing and even indulgent makes a difference. The key is to focus on the pleasure that exercise can bring, then pick an activity that is actually rewarding. 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.mindset英 [ˈmaɪndset] 美 [ˈmaɪndset] n. _____________________________ 2.ingrained英 [ɪnˈɡreɪnd] 美 [ɪnˈɡreɪnd] adj. _____________________________ 3.consistency英 [kənˈsɪstənsi] 美 [kənˈsɪstənsi] n. _____________________________ 4.hectic英 [ˈhektɪk] 美 [ˈhektɪk] adj. _____________________________ 5.deposit英 [dɪˈpɒzɪt] 美 [dɪˈpɑːzɪt] n. _____________________________ 6.resonate with_____________________________ 7.backfire英 [ˌbækˈfaɪə] 美 [ˌbækˈfaɪr] v. _____________________________ 8.indulgent英 [ɪnˈdʌldʒənt] 美 [ɪnˈdʌldʒənt] adj. _____________________________ 9.indulge v. _____________________________ 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1._____________________________ 成长型思维 2._____________________________固定型思维 3._____________________________形成规律 4._____________________________越来越多的证据表明...... 5._____________________________让......更活跃，更积极 6._____________________________ 推动经济发展 7._____________________________促进身体的脂肪燃烧 8._____________________________全有或全无思维 9._____________________________恶性循环 10._____________________________良性循环 11._____________________________能够带来即时满足的 12._____________________________ 即时满足 13._____________________________延迟满足 14._____________________________把某事看作...... 【全文翻译】 运动心态的影响力 如果运动是个看上去还不错的主意，但你却总是坚持不下去，那么，就应该思考一下你的 "运动观 "了。越来越多的证据表明，打破那些最为根深蒂固、习以为常的想法，建立灵活性更强的运动观，能够增加我们保持健康的动力。 比如，认为运动就是“要么全有、要么全无”——“我要么锻炼至少30分钟、要么毫无意义”，其实这就是坚持锻炼最大的敌人。密歇根大学可持续行为改变研究专家米歇尔·赛加博士（Dr. Michelle Segar）表示，你要抱有这样一种心态，即“任何一种运动都是值得的，每一种都会有作用。” 即使是在忙碌的一天中散散步，也会给自己的健康增加一分保证。如果这不符合你的完美主义运动观，那就想一想这些完美主义追求对你是否真的有用。虽然严苛的标准对某些人可能有用，但对其他许多人而言却可能适得其反，从而进入一个不断挫败的恶性循环。 除了更轻松、更灵活地看待运动之外，改变运动的“动机”也可以帮你保持运动的积极性。与其把运动看成是燃烧卡路里或减肥的一种方式，不如把注意力放在更能让人即刻感到满足的原因上，比如让头脑清醒或感到压力减轻。 把运动过程当作一种有吸引力甚至是可以尽情享受的事情，就会产生不同的效果。关键就在于聚焦运动所能带来的愉悦，然后选择一项真正有益的活动。 模拟再现 （一） （2024·黑龙江·三模）Do you ever worry that your kids aren’t getting enough exercise? Maybe they spend a lot of time doing inactive things such as playing computer games or reading books. Do you tend to say, “Go outside and get some fresh air!”? Years ago, I always looked for ways to include physical activity into my kids’ days. They’d go for walks and do hunts along the way. Before we left home, I often wrote a list of things for them to look out for: a black cat, a red car, a bike and a Banksia bush. Or I organized obstacle courses (障碍赛跑) in the park for my children to run around: “Run to the big tree, climb up the ladder and skip to the picnic table.” As my kids have grown to be teenagers, they have become unwilling to follow “Mother’s Orders”. They might get to the point when they no longer want to play outside or go for walks. After trying to force my kids to leave their books and do something that raises their heartbeat, I have learnt that it’s impossible to force kids to exercise. If they don't want to do it, we’ll end up frustrated and angry. So will they. It’s much better if our kids decide for themselves that they want to be fit because this is a healthy and enjoyable thing to do. So should we just hang around waiting for the day to arrive when our child might say, “I think I’ll go for a run... join the gym...go swimming...take up a sport”? Maybe we should reflect on ourselves. We often want our children to do things we’re not prepared to do ourselves. We want them to be fit and healthy, but we make excuses for why we can't exercise. For many years, fitness had been a big part of our family life. However, there are times when we've lost our enthusiasm. Last week, after doing a lot of online searches, I signed up for a free trial of the Walk at Home app. I'm challenging myself to get fitter and stronger. I want to regain my enthusiasm for exercise. I'm doing this for myself and also for my kids. 1．What did the author do to her kids years ago? A．She tried to involve them in exercise. B．She asked them to make exercise plans. C．She trained them to be professional athletes. D．She encouraged them to enjoy inactive things 2．What does the author say about her teen kids? A．They have become less active. B．They have lost interest in reading. C．They always follow her orders. D．They try their best to de sports. 3．What is the author’s current attitude towards forcing kids to exercise? A．Indifferent. B．Unclear. C．Opposed D．Positive. 4．What advice does the author most probably offer to parents? A．Waiting for their kids to be active. B．Setting a good example to their kids. C．Arranging various activities for their kids. D．Finding easier ways to exercise for their kids, （二） （2024·辽宁沈阳·三模）You may have read that to stay fit and healthy, you need about 30 minutes of exercise each day, at least five days a week. New research suggests that the time we need to spend on daily workouts could be less than that. Edvard Sagelv, a researcher at UiT The Arctic University of Norway, was part of a team that found being sedentary (久坐的) more than 12 hours a day was associated with a 38 percent higher death risk. This was only the case for individuals who managed less than 22 minutes of medium to high intensive physical activity a day, however, and it is relatively easy to achieve that minimum by taking a brisk (轻快的) walk. “In research on physical activity, fast walking is estimated to be four kilometres an hour,” he said. Although it may not seem like a lot, it depends on a person’s fitness level. “It is interesting that 4 km/h — a pace achievable for the vast majority of the population — is what it takes to really invest in your physical health,” he added. For a walk to positively affect your heart, which will then impact your brain and your circulation, you need to “feel it”. To feel the work your body is doing, you need to walk at 4 to 6 kilometres an hour. If you wear a fitness tracker, aim for more than 100 steps a minute. A recent study published by researchers at the Cambridge University found that just 11 minutes a day of moderate-intensity physical activities — a brisk walk — was enough to lower the risk of diseases such as heart disease, stroke and a number of cancers. Lead author Soren Brage was not surprised by the findings. “Doing some physical activities is better than doing none. This is also a good starting position — if you find that 75 minutes a week is manageable, then you could try stepping it up gradually to the full recommended amount,” he said. The point is that a relatively short period of high-intensity exercise isn’t just better than nothing; it has a measurable and positive impact on health. 5．What is the recommended pace for fast walking? A．7 kilometres per hour. B．8 kilometres per hour. C．9 kilometres per hour. D．4 kilometres per hour. 6．How can people “feel it” when working out? A．By putting into more effort. B．By wearing less clothing C．By walking at a quick pace. D．By joining a group. 7．What point does the last paragraph try to make? A．People should exercise 75 minutes a week. B．It pays to increase the intensity of workouts. C．People should stop being sedentary immediately. D．It's important to measure the impact of exercise. 8．What does the text intend to do? A．Reflect the influence of a new study. B．Share the findings of a new research. C．Assess a research process. D．Clarify a research method. （三） （2024·安徽·二模）The Dutch Headwind Time Trial Championship is only 8.5 kilometers long, but it is considered one of the hardest cycling challenges in the world. If you’ve ever ridden a bike against a reasonably strong wind, you know just how difficult dealing with the extra drag can be. However, the Dutch Headwind Time Trial Championship only takes place during storms, when the wind force is expected to be at least 7, on the Oosterscheldekering storm barrier, which faces the North Sea. The Dutch Headwind Time Trial Championship has been held almost every year on the Oosterscheldekering since 2013, gathering hundreds of cycling enthusiasts from all over the Netherlands. Participants are limited to 300, all of whom start in the same place, 30 seconds apart from each other. The cyclist who completes the 8.5-kilometer course first is declared the winner. With weather conditions as bad as they are during this unique race, any kind of technical advantage can make a huge difference. Therefore, organizers try to level the playing field by ensuring that all participants use the same equipment — a single-speed aluminum Gazelle city bike with back-pedal brakes. The only things that can provide an advantage are fitness and endurance (忍耐力). You might be wondering why anyone would want to torture their legs by pedaling against winds that could sweep a person off their feel, and that’s a valid question, but the point is that many Dutch do. You may get a glimpse of the reason for their enthusiasm from the interview of a professional athlete, Lisa Scheenaard, who has won the last three editions in the women's category. As she put it, “For me, it’s not just to win the champion but to push myself physically and mentally. It inspires and changes me as a person. As a cyclist, that’s the biggest part.” 9．What makes the Championship so challenging? A．The length. B．The wind. C．The procedure. D．The equipment. 10．What do the underlined words “level the playing field” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Keep the race fair. B．Grade the race. C．Make the field flat. D．Hold the competition. 11．What can be learned from the text? A．Participants with determination are more likely to win. B．Whoever has an interest in cycling can take part in it. C．The Championship has been organized every other year. D．All participants are required to start in the same place at the same time. 12．Why are so many Dutch enthusiastic about the Championship? A．To compete and win the award. B．To seek their fortune. C．To challenge and improve themselves. D．To keep their figure. （四） （2024·湖北·三模）My 10-year-old son and two friends attended a 2-hour fantastic basketball camp on Martin Luther King Jr. Day. A few minutes before the session ended, there was a shooting contest. Only a few kids were chosen to compete, and my son was not one of them. The contest winners received prizes and recognition, as did a few kids chosen as “all-stars” for effort, skill and participation. Again, my son was not selected. My son was struggling to deal with his disappointment. At the camp, he played a basketball game with kids he had never met, guarded them fiercely and took shots easily against them. As his mom, I was thrilled that he spent the day without his iPad. All in all, the day felt wonderful. The last thing I wanted was for these awards to ruin the experience. I decided to simplify it for him. I did the math and figured out the shooting contest and awards were about 6% of the total camp. The rest of the camp, the parts that he enjoyed, were 94% of the day. Even though the kid loves math, it was hard for him to see the contests and awards as a small part of his day. My son once told me about a negative situation that played out at recess (课间休息). The way he explained it felt like the disagreement lasted hours, but it turns out it was only the last few minutes of recess. Now is the time for me as the parent to help my kids think more positively. If my son leaves a half-day camp and most of the day was great — that’s a win. If our family is able to go to Florida over winter break and enjoy time together, away from the everyday headaches, that’s also a win. We can acknowledge the aspects that disappoint us, as long as we are willing to then focus on the bigger picture. It starts with me and my husband. Our kids will model the behavior we show. They need to see us thinking positively and not hyper-focusing on the negative 6%. 13．Why did the author’s son become so disappointed? A．He spent the day without his iPad. B．He missed out on a basketball contest. C．His mother didn’t turn up in a contest. D．He didn’t gain awards in a shooting contest. 14．What is the author’s purpose in citing those figures in Paragraph 4? A．To help her son to think positively. B．To arouse her son’s interest in math. C．To emphasize the disappointing aspects. D．To simplify the process of the shooting contest. 15．What will the author do next probably? A．Do the math. B．Set an example. C．Start a project. D．Learn from other parents. 16．What can be concluded from the text according to the author? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Every coin has two sides. C．The bigger picture matters. D．Adversity makes a wise man. （五） （2024·福建三明·三模）In 2023, the UK SpoGomi competition was scheduled for August, with the world cup in Tokyo in November. I formed my team with Alex Winship, and my brother Jonny. SpoGomi is a sport involving litter-picking by teams of three. Teams collect litter in given areas within a strict time limit, scoring point s for the weight of collected items, with some items awarded more points than others. One gram of cigarette butts is worth three points versus only 0.1 per gram for burnable rubbish. The team with the most point s wins. Initially we were drawn to taking part because of the prize of a trip to Japan. There were about 20 teams in the UK competition, which took place in London’s Hackney marshes. We won by only 33 points, which is equivalent to just one glass bottle. We were then heading for the world cup. The competition was intense. After the first half, Japan came top and we were second. My muscles were aching and I felt completely worn out from the heat of Tokyo on a sunny day. I didn’t have much more energy, and Iremember Alex and Jonny saying the same, but we had this feeling of being on the edge of something amazing. We had to just keep pushing. We pulled ahead in the second half while carrying several kilos of litter over two miles at a time. We ended up coming first,ahead of Japan, with 57 kg of rubbish collected. I wouldn’t have been someone who would have picked up litter off the street. At the early stages of our training, we were so bad at finding litter. Then, just after the London competition, on the way home, we saw so much. We were just much more aware of it.Once you’re drawn into SpoGomi, your attitude towards litter and how you contribute completely changes — it certainly has for us. 17．What can we learn about SpoComi? A．It is a sport to pick up rubbish. B．It has particularly strict rules. C．It is a team consisting of 3. D．It sets limits to collected items. 18．What was the result of the London competition? A．The result was controversial. B．No team entered the world cup. C．The author’s team had a narrow victory. D．The author’s team had an absolute advantage. 19．How did the author feel in the second half of the world cup? A．Nervous but hopeful. B．Indifferent and bored. C．Exhausted but determined. D．Discouraged and uninterested. 20．What is presented in the last paragraph? A．Providing tips on picking litter. B．Showing desire for SpoGomi training. C．Advocating devotion to the world cup. D．Encouraging engagement in SpoGomi. （六） （23-24高三下·湖南·期中）The argument over video games has been ongoing for decades. While some argue that e-sports require skill, there is disagreement over whether they meet the standards of a traditional sport. According to the dictionary, a sport is a physical activity for pleasure. While playing video games requires skill and coordination (协调), it lacks the physicality associated with traditional sports. Strategy is also present in board games like chess or card games like solitaire, but these activities are not classified as sports. Similarly, playing a musical instrument requires practice and training, yet it is not considered a sport. Sports require full-body movements and coordination while video games mainly involve finger and hand movements. Although it is possible to include physical movement while playing, it is not a requirement for success. Many e-sports enthusiasts sit in front of their screens, filling themselves with snacks while controlling the game. This lack of physicality not only sets video games apart from sports but can also have negative effects on health. Unlike traditional sports, which have been shown to improve well-being, too much video gaming can lead to headaches and anger. While e-sports and competitive gaming may be comparable to activities like chess in terms of competition, they do not possess the physical effort and health benefits associated with traditional sports. However, as the industry continues to develop, the idea of e-sports is evolving. Studies have stressed the demanding motor skills and reaction times required in e-sports. Professor Ingo Frobose conducted a study that demonstrated the impressive motor skills of e-sports “athletes”, with up to 400 movements per minute on the keyboard and mouse. The strategic aspect of e-sports, including team planning, is also often ignored. Games such as League of Legends, Dota 2, and Honor of Kings have attracted large audiences and showed the skills of players. While some argue against the classification (分类) of e-sports as real sports, evidence suggests that they possess unique skills and abilities. As the industry grows, the understanding and recognition of e-sports as a lawful competitive activity are gradually changing. 21．Why don’t some people think of video games as a sport? A．They lack full-body movements. B．They stress teamwork mostly. C．They have no influence on health. D．They require no strategy and training. 22．What will be a result of playing video games too much according to the text? A．Better relationship with friends. B．Bad performance in study. C．Poor health condition. D．Lack of coordination. 23．Which supports the classification of e-sports as real sports? A．The fast development of traditional sports. B．The benefits for health brought by video gaming. C．The comparison of e-sports to chess. D．The strategic aspect involved in e-sports. 24．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Do e-sports require teamwork and skills? B．Should video games be considered a sport? C．Do e-sports have negative effects on health? D．Should e-sports players concentrate more when playing? （七） （2024·全国·三模）Australian tennis star Thanasi Kokkinakis has celebrated one of his toughest victories, channelling (贯注) all his fighting spirit to claim a second round French Open win over a former champion. Kokkinakis beat 2015 Roland Garros champion, Switzerland’s Stan Wawrinka, in a five-set marathon to win 3-6, 7-5, 6-3, 6-7(4), 6-3. Kokkinakis, 27, was left to regret a slow start to the fourth set tie-break (决胜局) as Wawrinka raced to a 5-0 lead to force a deciding set. But Kokkinakis opened the fifth set with a 4-0 run. Wawrinka then saved four match points, but couldn’t stop Aussie, who won in four hours and 38 minutes. It was a huge relief for Kokkinakis to win, having lost previous five sets, second round epic to British champion Andy Murray at the Australian Open in January. “I think the first set and a half he was playing was the best tennis he can play,” said Kokkinakis. “I was just trying to hang in there. I lost a match in a Grand Slam (大赛) earlier this year against Murray; I didn’t want to do it against another legend. He never went away. It seemed like when he was down, he was playing better tennis, but I just trusted myself and I’m so happy.” “Back in the third round on clay, who would have thought it for an Australian, but my game suits it here, I love it.2015 was the last time I won a match at Roland Garros and I made the third round...” Kokkinakis will now face Karen Khachanov, the big hitting Russian who ended Kokkinakis’ childhood friend and doubles partner (双打搭档) Nick Kyrgios’ golden run at the US Open last year. 25．How did Kokkinakis feel after becoming champion? A．Worried. B．Relieved. C．Shocked. D．Worn. 26．What can be inferred from Kokkinakis’ words in Paragraph 3? A．He placed a trust in his power. B．He was content with the first set. C．He was inspired by opponent’s spirits. D．He resolved to be a legend in his field. 27．Who was once Kokkinakis’ partner? A．Stan Wawrinka. B．Andy Murray. C．Karen Khachanov. D．Nick Kyrgios. 28．What is the text? A．A news report. B．A short story. C．A diary, D．A research article. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 01体育健康-热点话题题型专练（阅读理解） 最新热点话题 Pan Zhanle of China breaks own world record to win Olympic gold medal in men’s 100-meter freestyle （文章来源：AP News） Pan Zhanle of China broke his own world record on the way to winning the men’s 100-meter freestyle Wednesday night, finishing in 46.40 seconds for his country’s first swimming gold medal of the Paris Olympics. That mark topped his 46.80 swum at the February world championships in Doha. “It was a magical moment, really magical,” Pan said. “The record was not just for the Chinese team, but for the world. This is a small step by breaking this record.” In perhaps the most ferocious race in swimming, the 19-year-old Pan edged Kyle Chalmers of Australia, who clocked a 47.48 for silver and Romanian bronze medalist David Popovici in 47.49. No world marks had been broken through the first four days in the pool at the Paris Games. Chalmers won gold in the 100 free in the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Games, and was the silver medalist three years ago in Tokyo behind American Caeleb Dressel. Dressel did not qualify this time. Pan has not been implicated in any of the doping allegations that have surrounded the Chinese swimming team in the run-up to the Olympics. Chinese swimmers in Paris have pushed back strongly against those accusations and say they have been tested more frequently in recent months, sometimes three or four times a week. Pan was asked about the testing and said it all seemed routine to him. “This was standard,” he said. “The tests were done under all the regulations. I don’t think it influenced my performance.” WADA, the World Anti-Doping Agency, put out a statement on Tuesday in response to food contamination scenarios being used to clear athletes who test positive. “WADA is generally concerned about the number of cases that are being closed without sanction when it is not possible to challenge the contamination theory,” the statement said. “There have been many cases of positive tests that were eventually closed without sanction as no-fault violations, sometimes with unusual methods of contamination.” WADA said it was also concerned about similar cases in the United States. 1. What is the main achievement highlighted in the article? A. Pan Zhanle winning a gold medal in the men’s 100-meter freestyle. B. Kyle Chalmers winning silver in the men’s 100-meter freestyle. C. David Popovici setting a new world record. D. The Chinese swimming team winning multiple medals. 【答案】A 【解析】文章的重点是潘展乐在巴黎奥运会男子100米自由泳中打破世界纪录并赢得金牌。 2. What was Pan Zhanle's record-breaking time in the 100-meter freestyle? A. 46.80 seconds B. 47.48 seconds C. 47.49 seconds D. 46.40 seconds 【答案】D 【解析】文章指出，潘展乐以46.40秒的成绩打破了世界纪录。 3. How did Pan Zhanle react to his record-breaking achievement? A. He felt the record was a small step for the Chinese team. B. He considered the record to be a magical moment. C. He was disappointed with his performance. D. He believed the record was insignificant compared to future goals. 【答案】B 【解析】潘展乐形容自己打破纪录的时刻为“神奇的时刻”，并认为这一纪录对中国队和全世界都具有重要意义。 4. What was the concern raised by WADA in its recent statement? A. The frequency of doping tests on athletes. B. The handling of food contamination cases leading to positive tests. C. The lack of new world records in swimming. D. The performance of athletes under doping allegations. 【答案】B 【解析】WADA的声明表示对食品污染案例处理的担忧，尤其是在这些案件中，运动员的阳性测试结果常常被认定为没有过错的情况，导致没有处罚。 阅读词汇训练 The Power of Your Exercise Mindset By Jenny Taitz If exercise seems like a great idea but you can never keep up a routine, it's worth considering your exercise "mindset". Evidence is mounting that targeting some of our most ingrained, habitual beliefs and replacing them with more adaptive ones can rev up our ability to keep ourselves healthy. For instance, thinking about exercise in all-or-nothing terms—"I need at least 30 minutes or there's no point"—is the enemy of consistency. You want to adopt the mindset that "any and all movement is worth it, and everything counts," says Dr. Michelle Segar, a sustainable-change researcher at the University of Michigan. Even a quick walk in the middle of a hectic day is a deposit toward your well-being. If that doesn't resonate with your perfectionist tendencies, consider whether those tendencies have worked for you. Though rigid standards may help some people, for many others they backfire, creating a vicious cycle of failure. Besides bringing generosity and flexibility to how you view your movement, changing your "why" for getting active can also help sustain your motivation. Rather than seeing workouts as a way to burn calories or lose weight, it can help to focus on more immediately gratifying reasons to do it, like clearing your mind or feeling less stressed. Approaching the process of exercise as something that's appealing and even indulgent makes a difference. The key is to focus on the pleasure that exercise can bring, then pick an activity that is actually rewarding. 【词汇过关】 请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。 1.mindset英 [ˈmaɪndset] 美 [ˈmaɪndset] n. _____________________________ 2.ingrained英 [ɪnˈɡreɪnd] 美 [ɪnˈɡreɪnd] adj. _____________________________ 3.consistency英 [kənˈsɪstənsi] 美 [kənˈsɪstənsi] n. _____________________________ 4.hectic英 [ˈhektɪk] 美 [ˈhektɪk] adj. _____________________________ 5.deposit英 [dɪˈpɒzɪt] 美 [dɪˈpɑːzɪt] n. _____________________________ 6.resonate with_____________________________ 7.backfire英 [ˌbækˈfaɪə] 美 [ˌbækˈfaɪr] v. _____________________________ 8.indulgent英 [ɪnˈdʌldʒənt] 美 [ɪnˈdʌldʒənt] adj. _____________________________ 9.indulge v. _____________________________ 【词块学习】 请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。 1._____________________________ 成长型思维 2._____________________________固定型思维 3._____________________________形成规律 4._____________________________越来越多的证据表明...... 5._____________________________让......更活跃，更积极 6._____________________________ 推动经济发展 7._____________________________促进身体的脂肪燃烧 8._____________________________全有或全无思维 9._____________________________恶性循环 10._____________________________良性循环 11._____________________________能够带来即时满足的 12._____________________________ 即时满足 13._____________________________延迟满足 14._____________________________把某事看作...... 答案 【词汇过关】 1.mindset英 [ˈmaɪndset] 美 [ˈmaɪndset] n. 观念模式，思维倾向 2.ingrained英 [ɪnˈɡreɪnd] 美 [ɪnˈɡreɪnd] adj. 根深蒂固的，难以改变的 3.consistency英 [kənˈsɪstənsi] 美 [kənˈsɪstənsi] n. 坚持，连贯性，一致性 4.hectic英 [ˈhektɪk] 美 [ˈhektɪk] adj. （偏向于紧张而无序的）繁忙的，忙碌的 5.deposit英 [dɪˈpɒzɪt] 美 [dɪˈpɑːzɪt] n. 存款，订金，押金，保证金 6.resonate with引起......的共鸣，和......的想法或观念类似 7.backfire英 [ˌbækˈfaɪə] 美 [ˌbækˈfaɪr] v. 事与愿违，适得其反；回火 8.indulgent英 [ɪnˈdʌldʒənt] 美 [ɪnˈdʌldʒənt] adj. 沉迷的，放纵的拓展: 9.indulge v. 沉迷，放纵 【词块学习 1.growth mindset 成长型思维 2.fixed mindset 固定型思维 3.keep up a routine形成规律 4.Evidence is mounting that ...越来越多的证据表明...... 5.rev up让......更活跃，更积极 6.rev up the economy 推动经济发展 7.rev up the body's fat-burning mechanisms 促进身体的脂肪燃烧 8.all-or-nothing (thinking)全有或全无思维 9.vicious cycle恶性循环 10.virtuous cycle 良性循环 11.immediately gratifying能够带来即时满足的 12.immediate / instant gratification 即时满足 13.delayed gratification 延迟满足 14.approach something as something把某事看作...... 【全文翻译】 运动心态的影响力 如果运动是个看上去还不错的主意，但你却总是坚持不下去，那么，就应该思考一下你的 "运动观 "了。越来越多的证据表明，打破那些最为根深蒂固、习以为常的想法，建立灵活性更强的运动观，能够增加我们保持健康的动力。 比如，认为运动就是“要么全有、要么全无”——“我要么锻炼至少30分钟、要么毫无意义”，其实这就是坚持锻炼最大的敌人。密歇根大学可持续行为改变研究专家米歇尔·赛加博士（Dr. Michelle Segar）表示，你要抱有这样一种心态，即“任何一种运动都是值得的，每一种都会有作用。” 即使是在忙碌的一天中散散步，也会给自己的健康增加一分保证。如果这不符合你的完美主义运动观，那就想一想这些完美主义追求对你是否真的有用。虽然严苛的标准对某些人可能有用，但对其他许多人而言却可能适得其反，从而进入一个不断挫败的恶性循环。 除了更轻松、更灵活地看待运动之外，改变运动的“动机”也可以帮你保持运动的积极性。与其把运动看成是燃烧卡路里或减肥的一种方式，不如把注意力放在更能让人即刻感到满足的原因上，比如让头脑清醒或感到压力减轻。 把运动过程当作一种有吸引力甚至是可以尽情享受的事情，就会产生不同的效果。关键就在于聚焦运动所能带来的愉悦，然后选择一项真正有益的活动。 模拟再现 （一） （2024·黑龙江·三模）Do you ever worry that your kids aren’t getting enough exercise? Maybe they spend a lot of time doing inactive things such as playing computer games or reading books. Do you tend to say, “Go outside and get some fresh air!”? Years ago, I always looked for ways to include physical activity into my kids’ days. They’d go for walks and do hunts along the way. Before we left home, I often wrote a list of things for them to look out for: a black cat, a red car, a bike and a Banksia bush. Or I organized obstacle courses (障碍赛跑) in the park for my children to run around: “Run to the big tree, climb up the ladder and skip to the picnic table.” As my kids have grown to be teenagers, they have become unwilling to follow “Mother’s Orders”. They might get to the point when they no longer want to play outside or go for walks. After trying to force my kids to leave their books and do something that raises their heartbeat, I have learnt that it’s impossible to force kids to exercise. If they don't want to do it, we’ll end up frustrated and angry. So will they. It’s much better if our kids decide for themselves that they want to be fit because this is a healthy and enjoyable thing to do. So should we just hang around waiting for the day to arrive when our child might say, “I think I’ll go for a run... join the gym...go swimming...take up a sport”? Maybe we should reflect on ourselves. We often want our children to do things we’re not prepared to do ourselves. We want them to be fit and healthy, but we make excuses for why we can't exercise. For many years, fitness had been a big part of our family life. However, there are times when we've lost our enthusiasm. Last week, after doing a lot of online searches, I signed up for a free trial of the Walk at Home app. I'm challenging myself to get fitter and stronger. I want to regain my enthusiasm for exercise. I'm doing this for myself and also for my kids. 1．What did the author do to her kids years ago? A．She tried to involve them in exercise. B．She asked them to make exercise plans. C．She trained them to be professional athletes. D．She encouraged them to enjoy inactive things 2．What does the author say about her teen kids? A．They have become less active. B．They have lost interest in reading. C．They always follow her orders. D．They try their best to de sports. 3．What is the author’s current attitude towards forcing kids to exercise? A．Indifferent. B．Unclear. C．Opposed D．Positive. 4．What advice does the author most probably offer to parents? A．Waiting for their kids to be active. B．Setting a good example to their kids. C．Arranging various activities for their kids. D．Finding easier ways to exercise for their kids, 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者对于孩子没有得到足够的锻炼而担心，后来，作者决定自己给孩子树立好榜样，重拾对运动的热情的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Do you ever worry that your kids aren't getting enough exercise? Maybe they spend a lot of time doing inactive things such as playing computer games or reading books. Do you tend to say, “Go outside and get some fresh air!”?”（你是否担心过你的孩子没有得到足够的锻炼？也许他们花很多时间做不活跃的事情，如玩电脑游戏或看书。你会不会说：“出去呼吸点新鲜空气！”）以及第二段中“Years ago, I always looked for ways to include physical activity into my kids’ days.”（多年前，我一直在想办法把体育活动纳入孩子们的日常生活。）可知，作者几年前试图让孩子们参与体育锻炼。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“As my kids have grown to be teenagers, they have become unwilling to follow “Mother's Orders”. They might get to the point when they no longer want to play outside or go for walks. After trying to force my kids to leave their books and do something that raises their heartbeat, I have learnt that it’s impossible to force kids to exercise. If they don’t want to do it, we'll end up frustrated and angry. So will they.”（当我的孩子成长为青少年时，他们变得不愿意听从“母亲的命令”。他们可能会达到不再想在外面玩耍或散步的地步。在试着强迫我的孩子离开书本，做一些让他们心跳加快的事情之后，我明白了强迫孩子锻炼是不可能的。如果他们不想这样做，我们最终会感到沮丧和愤怒。他们也会。）可知，当作者的孩子成长为青少年时，他们变得不那么活跃了。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“After trying to force my kids to leave their books and do something that raises their heartbeat, I have learnt that it's impossible to force kids to exercise. If they don’t want to do it, we'll end up frustrated and angry. So will they. It’s much better if our kids decide for themselves that they want to be fit because this is a healthy and enjoyable thing to do.”（在试着强迫我的孩子离开书本，做一些让他们心跳加快的事情之后，我明白了强迫孩子锻炼是不可能的。如果他们不想这样做，我们最终会感到沮丧和愤怒。他们也会。如果我们的孩子自己决定他们想要保持健康，那就更好了，因为这是一件健康而愉快的事情。）可推知，作者目前对强迫孩子锻炼的态度是反对的，觉得这是不可能的。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Maybe we should reflect on ourselves. We often want our children to do things we’re not prepared to do ourselves. We want them to be fit and healthy, but we make excuses for why we can't exercise.”（也许我们应该反省一下自己。我们常常希望我们的孩子去做我们自己没有准备去做的事情。我们希望他们身体健康，但我们却为自己不能锻炼找借口。）以及最后一段中“I want to regain my enthusiasm for exercise. I'm doing this for myself and also for my kids.”（我想重拾对运动的热情。我这么做是为了我自己，也是为了我的孩子们。）可推知，作者最有可能给父母的建议是给孩子树立好榜样。故选B项。 （二） （2024·辽宁沈阳·三模）You may have read that to stay fit and healthy, you need about 30 minutes of exercise each day, at least five days a week. New research suggests that the time we need to spend on daily workouts could be less than that. Edvard Sagelv, a researcher at UiT The Arctic University of Norway, was part of a team that found being sedentary (久坐的) more than 12 hours a day was associated with a 38 percent higher death risk. This was only the case for individuals who managed less than 22 minutes of medium to high intensive physical activity a day, however, and it is relatively easy to achieve that minimum by taking a brisk (轻快的) walk. “In research on physical activity, fast walking is estimated to be four kilometres an hour,” he said. Although it may not seem like a lot, it depends on a person’s fitness level. “It is interesting that 4 km/h — a pace achievable for the vast majority of the population — is what it takes to really invest in your physical health,” he added. For a walk to positively affect your heart, which will then impact your brain and your circulation, you need to “feel it”. To feel the work your body is doing, you need to walk at 4 to 6 kilometres an hour. If you wear a fitness tracker, aim for more than 100 steps a minute. A recent study published by researchers at the Cambridge University found that just 11 minutes a day of moderate-intensity physical activities — a brisk walk — was enough to lower the risk of diseases such as heart disease, stroke and a number of cancers. Lead author Soren Brage was not surprised by the findings. “Doing some physical activities is better than doing none. This is also a good starting position — if you find that 75 minutes a week is manageable, then you could try stepping it up gradually to the full recommended amount,” he said. The point is that a relatively short period of high-intensity exercise isn’t just better than nothing; it has a measurable and positive impact on health. 5．What is the recommended pace for fast walking? A．7 kilometres per hour. B．8 kilometres per hour. C．9 kilometres per hour. D．4 kilometres per hour. 6．How can people “feel it” when working out? A．By putting into more effort. B．By wearing less clothing C．By walking at a quick pace. D．By joining a group. 7．What point does the last paragraph try to make? A．People should exercise 75 minutes a week. B．It pays to increase the intensity of workouts. C．People should stop being sedentary immediately. D．It's important to measure the impact of exercise. 8．What does the text intend to do? A．Reflect the influence of a new study. B．Share the findings of a new research. C．Assess a research process. D．Clarify a research method. 【答案】5．D 6．C 7．B 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过引用挪威北极大学和剑桥大学的研究成果，分享了关于日常所需锻炼量的新发现，即较短时间的高强度运动也能显著提升健康状况。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段““In research on physical activity, fast walking is estimated to be four kilometres an hour,” he said.(他说：“在对体育活动的研究中，快走估计为每小时4公里”)”可知，快速行走的推荐速度是每小时4公里。故选D项。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“To feel the work your body is doing, you need to walk at 4 to 6 kilometres an hour. If you wear a fitness tracker, aim for more than 100 steps a minute.(为了感受你的身体正在做的工作，你需要以每小时4到6公里的速度行走。如果你戴着健身追踪器，目标是每分钟走100步以上)”可知，为了在锻炼时感觉到身体的运动，需要通过加快步伐来感受。故选C项。 7．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“The point is that a relatively short period of high-intensity exercise isn’t just better than nothing; it has a measurable and positive impact on health.(重点是，相对较短时间的高强度运动不仅仅比什么都没有好；它对健康有着可衡量的积极影响)”可知，该段落主要想表达增加锻炼强度是值得的。故选B项。 8．推理判断题。结合全文及文章第一段“New research suggests that the time we need to spend on daily workouts could be less than that.(新的研究表明，我们每天锻炼所需的时间可能会少于此)”可知，文章通过引用挪威北极大学和剑桥大学的研究成果，分享了关于日常所需锻炼量的新发现，即较短时间的高强度运动也能显著提升健康状况，故本文旨在分享新研究的发现。故选B项。 （三） （2024·安徽·二模）The Dutch Headwind Time Trial Championship is only 8.5 kilometers long, but it is considered one of the hardest cycling challenges in the world. If you’ve ever ridden a bike against a reasonably strong wind, you know just how difficult dealing with the extra drag can be. However, the Dutch Headwind Time Trial Championship only takes place during storms, when the wind force is expected to be at least 7, on the Oosterscheldekering storm barrier, which faces the North Sea. The Dutch Headwind Time Trial Championship has been held almost every year on the Oosterscheldekering since 2013, gathering hundreds of cycling enthusiasts from all over the Netherlands. Participants are limited to 300, all of whom start in the same place, 30 seconds apart from each other. The cyclist who completes the 8.5-kilometer course first is declared the winner. With weather conditions as bad as they are during this unique race, any kind of technical advantage can make a huge difference. Therefore, organizers try to level the playing field by ensuring that all participants use the same equipment — a single-speed aluminum Gazelle city bike with back-pedal brakes. The only things that can provide an advantage are fitness and endurance (忍耐力). You might be wondering why anyone would want to torture their legs by pedaling against winds that could sweep a person off their feel, and that’s a valid question, but the point is that many Dutch do. You may get a glimpse of the reason for their enthusiasm from the interview of a professional athlete, Lisa Scheenaard, who has won the last three editions in the women's category. As she put it, “For me, it’s not just to win the champion but to push myself physically and mentally. It inspires and changes me as a person. As a cyclist, that’s the biggest part.” 9．What makes the Championship so challenging? A．The length. B．The wind. C．The procedure. D．The equipment. 10．What do the underlined words “level the playing field” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Keep the race fair. B．Grade the race. C．Make the field flat. D．Hold the competition. 11．What can be learned from the text? A．Participants with determination are more likely to win. B．Whoever has an interest in cycling can take part in it. C．The Championship has been organized every other year. D．All participants are required to start in the same place at the same time. 12．Why are so many Dutch enthusiastic about the Championship? A．To compete and win the award. B．To seek their fortune. C．To challenge and improve themselves. D．To keep their figure. 【答案】9．B 10．A 11．A 12．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了荷兰逆风计时锦标赛被认为是世界上最艰难的自行车挑战之一。介绍了比赛的规则、难度以及人们的参与热情。 9．细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“If you’ve ever ridden a bike against a reasonably strong wind, you know just how difficult dealing with the extra drag can be. However, the Dutch Headwind Time Trial Championship only takes place during storms, when the wind force is expected to be at least 7, on the Oosterscheldekering storm barrier, which faces the North Sea.(如果你曾经在相当强的风中骑过自行车，你就会知道应对额外的阻力有多困难。然而，荷兰逆风计时锦标赛只在风暴期间举行，当时的风力预计至少为7级，位于面向北海的Oosterscheldekering风暴屏障上)”可知，让锦标赛如此具有挑战性是因为逆风。故选B。 10．词句猜测题。文章第四段讲到“by ensuring that all participants use the same equipment — a single-speed aluminum Gazelle city bike with back-pedal brakes. The only things that can provide an advantage are fitness and endurance (忍耐力). (确保所有参与者使用相同的设备——辆带后踏板制动器的单速铝制Gazelle城市自行车。唯一能提供优势的是体能和耐力。)”可知，组织者这样做的目的就是为了保证比赛的公平，第四段中带下划线的单词的意思是“保持比赛公平”。故选A。 11．推理判断题。文章第四段“The only things that can provide an advantage are fitness and endurance (忍耐力). (唯一能提供优势的是体能和耐力。)”以及最后一段讲到“For me, it’s not just to win the champion but to push myself physically and mentally. It inspires and changes me as a person. As a cyclist, that’s the biggest part.(对我来说，这不仅仅是为了赢得冠军，而是为了在身体和精神上鞭策自己。这激励和改变了我作为一个人。作为一名自行车运动员，这是最重要的部分)”可知，过去三届冠军丽莎·谢纳德无论是从身体上还是精神上都是意志力很坚强的，很有决心的人，因此，要获胜必须要有体能、耐力和决心。所以从文章中可以了解到有决心的参与者更有可能获胜。故选A。 12．推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“For me, it’s not just to win the champion but to push myself physically and mentally. It inspires and changes me as a person. As a cyclist, that’s the biggest part.(对我来说，这不仅仅是为了赢得冠军，而是为了在身体和精神上鞭策自己。这激励和改变了我作为一个人。作为一名自行车运动员，这是最重要的部分)”可知，这么多荷兰人对锦标赛充满热情是为了挑战和提高自己。故选C。 （四） （2024·湖北·三模）My 10-year-old son and two friends attended a 2-hour fantastic basketball camp on Martin Luther King Jr. Day. A few minutes before the session ended, there was a shooting contest. Only a few kids were chosen to compete, and my son was not one of them. The contest winners received prizes and recognition, as did a few kids chosen as “all-stars” for effort, skill and participation. Again, my son was not selected. My son was struggling to deal with his disappointment. At the camp, he played a basketball game with kids he had never met, guarded them fiercely and took shots easily against them. As his mom, I was thrilled that he spent the day without his iPad. All in all, the day felt wonderful. The last thing I wanted was for these awards to ruin the experience. I decided to simplify it for him. I did the math and figured out the shooting contest and awards were about 6% of the total camp. The rest of the camp, the parts that he enjoyed, were 94% of the day. Even though the kid loves math, it was hard for him to see the contests and awards as a small part of his day. My son once told me about a negative situation that played out at recess (课间休息). The way he explained it felt like the disagreement lasted hours, but it turns out it was only the last few minutes of recess. Now is the time for me as the parent to help my kids think more positively. If my son leaves a half-day camp and most of the day was great — that’s a win. If our family is able to go to Florida over winter break and enjoy time together, away from the everyday headaches, that’s also a win. We can acknowledge the aspects that disappoint us, as long as we are willing to then focus on the bigger picture. It starts with me and my husband. Our kids will model the behavior we show. They need to see us thinking positively and not hyper-focusing on the negative 6%. 13．Why did the author’s son become so disappointed? A．He spent the day without his iPad. B．He missed out on a basketball contest. C．His mother didn’t turn up in a contest. D．He didn’t gain awards in a shooting contest. 14．What is the author’s purpose in citing those figures in Paragraph 4? A．To help her son to think positively. B．To arouse her son’s interest in math. C．To emphasize the disappointing aspects. D．To simplify the process of the shooting contest. 15．What will the author do next probably? A．Do the math. B．Set an example. C．Start a project. D．Learn from other parents. 16．What can be concluded from the text according to the author? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Every coin has two sides. C．The bigger picture matters. D．Adversity makes a wise man. 【答案】13．D 14．A 15．B 16．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者10岁的儿子参加了一个篮球训练营。结果儿子在比赛中并没有获得奖项，他感觉非常的失望。作者认为重要的是帮助孩子更加积极的思考，将失望的部分视为整体经历的一小部分，而不是让它影响整体的体验。 13．细节理解题。根据第一段“My 10-year-old son and two friends attended a 2-hour fantastic basketball camp on Martin Luther King Jr. Day. A few minutes before the session ended, there was a shooting contest. Only a few kids were chosen to compete, and my son was not one of them. The contest winners received prizes and recognition, as did a few kids chosen as “all-stars” for effort, skill and participation. Again, my son was not selected.My son was struggling to deal with his disappointment.（我 10 岁的儿子和两个朋友在马丁路德金纪念日参加了一个 2 小时的精彩篮球训练营。训练营结束前几分钟，举行了一场投篮比赛。只有几个孩子被选中参赛，而我的儿子不在其中。比赛获胜者获得了奖品和表彰，还有一些孩子因努力、技巧和参与而被选为‘全明星’。我的儿子再次没有被选中。）”可知，作者的儿子会如此失望是因为他在投篮比赛中没有获得任何奖励。故选D。 14．推理判断题。根据第四段“I decided to simplify it for him. I did the math and figured out the shooting contest and awards were about 6% of the total camp. The rest of the camp, the parts that he enjoyed, were 94% of the day. Even though the kid loves math, it was hard for him to see the contests and awards as a small part of his day.（我决定为他简化一下。我算了一下，发现投篮比赛和奖励只占整个训练营的 6%。训练营的其余部分，也就是他喜欢的部分，占了一天的 94%。尽管这个孩子喜欢数学，但他很难将比赛和奖励视为他一天中的一小部分。）”可知，作者在第 4 段中引用这些数字的目的是帮助她的儿子积极思考。故选A。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It starts with me and my husband. Our kids will model the behavior we show. They need to see us thinking positively and not hyper-focusing on the negative 6%.（一切从我和我的丈夫开始。我们的孩子会模仿我们的行为。他们需要看到我们积极思考，而不是过度关注负面的 6%。）”可知，作者接下来会为孩子树立榜样。故选B。 16．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Now is the time for me as the parent to help my kids think more positively. If my son leaves a half-day camp and most of the day was great —that’s a win. If our family is able to go to Florida over winter break and enjoy time together, away from the everyday headaches, that’s also a win. We can acknowledge the aspects that disappoint us, as long as we are willing to then focus on the bigger picture.（现在，作为家长，我应该帮助孩子们更积极地思考。如果我的儿子参加了半天的夏令营，而大部分时间都过得很愉快，那就算成功了。如果我们一家人能在寒假去佛罗里达，一起享受时光，远离日常烦恼，那也算成功了。我们可以承认令我们失望的方面，只要我们愿意把重点放在大局上。）”可知，根据作者的说法，从文章中可以得出的结论是大局才是最重要的。故选C。 （五） （2024·福建三明·三模）In 2023, the UK SpoGomi competition was scheduled for August, with the world cup in Tokyo in November. I formed my team with Alex Winship, and my brother Jonny. SpoGomi is a sport involving litter-picking by teams of three. Teams collect litter in given areas within a strict time limit, scoring point s for the weight of collected items, with some items awarded more points than others. One gram of cigarette butts is worth three points versus only 0.1 per gram for burnable rubbish. The team with the most point s wins. Initially we were drawn to taking part because of the prize of a trip to Japan. There were about 20 teams in the UK competition, which took place in London’s Hackney marshes. We won by only 33 points, which is equivalent to just one glass bottle. We were then heading for the world cup. The competition was intense. After the first half, Japan came top and we were second. My muscles were aching and I felt completely worn out from the heat of Tokyo on a sunny day. I didn’t have much more energy, and Iremember Alex and Jonny saying the same, but we had this feeling of being on the edge of something amazing. We had to just keep pushing. We pulled ahead in the second half while carrying several kilos of litter over two miles at a time. We ended up coming first,ahead of Japan, with 57 kg of rubbish collected. I wouldn’t have been someone who would have picked up litter off the street. At the early stages of our training, we were so bad at finding litter. Then, just after the London competition, on the way home, we saw so much. We were just much more aware of it.Once you’re drawn into SpoGomi, your attitude towards litter and how you contribute completely changes — it certainly has for us. 17．What can we learn about SpoComi? A．It is a sport to pick up rubbish. B．It has particularly strict rules. C．It is a team consisting of 3. D．It sets limits to collected items. 18．What was the result of the London competition? A．The result was controversial. B．No team entered the world cup. C．The author’s team had a narrow victory. D．The author’s team had an absolute advantage. 19．How did the author feel in the second half of the world cup? A．Nervous but hopeful. B．Indifferent and bored. C．Exhausted but determined. D．Discouraged and uninterested. 20．What is presented in the last paragraph? A．Providing tips on picking litter. B．Showing desire for SpoGomi training. C．Advocating devotion to the world cup. D．Encouraging engagement in SpoGomi. 【答案】17．A 18．C 19．C 20．D 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了2023年作者和Alex Winship以及作者的兄弟Jonny组队参加了SpoGomi比赛，这是一种以团队为单位捡拾垃圾的体育活动。在英国SpoGomi比赛中，作者的团队以微弱优势获胜，随后在东京的世界杯中经历激烈竞争后夺冠。这项活动不仅让作者的团队赢得前往日本的奖励，更改变了他们对捡拾垃圾的态度，让他们更加关注并积极贡献于环境保护。 17．细节理解题，根据第二段“SpoGomi is a sport involving litter-picking by teams of three.( SpoGomit赛是一项由三人一组进行的捡垃圾运动。)”可知，SpoGomi比赛是一项捡垃圾的运动。故选A。 18．细节理解题。根据第三段“We won by only 33 points, which is equivalent to just one glass bottle.( 我们只赢了33分，相当于只赢了一个玻璃瓶。)”可知，作者的队伍险胜。故选C。 19．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I didn’t have much more energy, and I remember Alex and Jonny saying the same, but we had this feeling of being on the edge of something amazing. We had to just keep pushing. (我没有太多的精力，我记得亚历克斯和乔尼也说过同样的话，但我们有一种感觉，感觉自己正处于一件令人惊叹的事情的边缘。我们不得不继续努力。)”可知，作者到了下半场筋疲力尽，但是意志坚定。故选C。 20．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Once you’re drawn into SpoGomi, your attitude towards litter and how you contribute completely changes—it certainly has for us. (一旦你被SpoGomi吸引，你对垃圾的态度以及你的贡献方式就会完全改变——这对我们来说无疑是如此。) ”可知，作者鼓励参与SpoGomi。故选D。 （六） （23-24高三下·湖南·期中）The argument over video games has been ongoing for decades. While some argue that e-sports require skill, there is disagreement over whether they meet the standards of a traditional sport. According to the dictionary, a sport is a physical activity for pleasure. While playing video games requires skill and coordination (协调), it lacks the physicality associated with traditional sports. Strategy is also present in board games like chess or card games like solitaire, but these activities are not classified as sports. Similarly, playing a musical instrument requires practice and training, yet it is not considered a sport. Sports require full-body movements and coordination while video games mainly involve finger and hand movements. Although it is possible to include physical movement while playing, it is not a requirement for success. Many e-sports enthusiasts sit in front of their screens, filling themselves with snacks while controlling the game. This lack of physicality not only sets video games apart from sports but can also have negative effects on health. Unlike traditional sports, which have been shown to improve well-being, too much video gaming can lead to headaches and anger. While e-sports and competitive gaming may be comparable to activities like chess in terms of competition, they do not possess the physical effort and health benefits associated with traditional sports. However, as the industry continues to develop, the idea of e-sports is evolving. Studies have stressed the demanding motor skills and reaction times required in e-sports. Professor Ingo Frobose conducted a study that demonstrated the impressive motor skills of e-sports “athletes”, with up to 400 movements per minute on the keyboard and mouse. The strategic aspect of e-sports, including team planning, is also often ignored. Games such as League of Legends, Dota 2, and Honor of Kings have attracted large audiences and showed the skills of players. While some argue against the classification (分类) of e-sports as real sports, evidence suggests that they possess unique skills and abilities. As the industry grows, the understanding and recognition of e-sports as a lawful competitive activity are gradually changing. 21．Why don’t some people think of video games as a sport? A．They lack full-body movements. B．They stress teamwork mostly. C．They have no influence on health. D．They require no strategy and training. 22．What will be a result of playing video games too much according to the text? A．Better relationship with friends. B．Bad performance in study. C．Poor health condition. D．Lack of coordination. 23．Which supports the classification of e-sports as real sports? A．The fast development of traditional sports. B．The benefits for health brought by video gaming. C．The comparison of e-sports to chess. D．The strategic aspect involved in e-sports. 24．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Do e-sports require teamwork and skills? B．Should video games be considered a sport? C．Do e-sports have negative effects on health? D．Should e-sports players concentrate more when playing? 【答案】21．A 22．C 23．D 24．B 【导语】本文属于议论文。文章就电子游戏是否应被归类为体育运动这一话题进行了讨论，通过对比电子游戏与传统体育的特点、对健康的影响以及电子竞技所包含的技能和策略性，来探讨电子游戏作为一项体育运动的合理性和公众认知的变化。 21．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“While some argue that e-sports require skill, there is disagreement over whether they meet the standards of a traditional sport. According to the dictionary, a sport is a physical activity for pleasure. While playing video games requires skill and coordination (协调), it lacks the physicality associated with traditional sports. Strategy is also present in board games like chess or card games like solitaire, but these activities are not classified as sports. Similarly, playing a musical instrument requires practice and training, yet it is not considered a sport. (虽然一些人认为电子竞技需要技巧，但对于它们是否符合传统运动的标准，人们存在分歧。根据字典的解释，运动是一种为了娱乐的体育活动。虽然玩电子游戏需要技巧和协调性，但它缺乏传统体育运动所需要的身体素质。策略也存在于棋盘游戏中，如象棋或纸牌游戏，但这些活动不被归类为运动。同样，演奏乐器需要练习和训练，但它不被认为是一项运动。)”可知，一些人不认为电子游戏是运动是因为它们缺乏全身运动。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This lack of physicality not only sets video games apart from sports but can also have negative effects on health. Unlike traditional sports, which have been shown to improve well-being, too much video gaming can lead to headaches and anger. (这种身体接触的缺乏不仅使电子游戏与体育运动区别开来，而且还会对健康产生负面影响。传统体育运动已被证明可以改善健康，但电子游戏玩得太多会导致头痛和愤怒。)”可知，过度玩电子游戏会导致健康状况不佳。故选C。 23．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Professor Ingo Frobose conducted a study that demonstrated the impressive motor skills of e-sports “athletes”, with up to 400 movements per minute on the keyboard and mouse. The strategic aspect of e-sports, including team planning, is also often ignored. Games such as League of Legends, Dota 2, and Honor of Kings have attracted large audiences and showed the skills of players. (Ingo Frobose教授进行了一项研究，展示了电子竞技“运动员”令人印象深刻的运动技能，他们每分钟在键盘和鼠标上移动多达400个动作。电子竞技的战略层面，包括团队规划，也经常被忽视。《英雄联盟》、《Dota 2》和《王者荣耀》等游戏吸引了大量观众，并展示了玩家的技能。)”可知，电子竞技中涉及的战略层面支持将其归类为真正的体育运动。故选D。 24．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“The argument over video games has been ongoing for decades.   While some argue that e-sports require skill, there is disagreement over whether they meet the standards of a traditional sport. (关于电子游戏的争论已经持续了几十年。虽然一些人认为电子竞技需要技巧，但对于它们是否符合传统运动的标准，人们存在分歧。)”可知，整篇文章围绕“电子游戏是否应被视为一项运动”这一争议展开，讨论了电子竞技的技能要求、与传统体育的区别、对健康的潜在影响以及它作为一项竞技活动的逐渐认可。因此，选项B“Should video games be considered a sport? (电子游戏应该被视为一项运动吗？)”为最佳标题。故选B。 （七） （2024·全国·三模）Australian tennis star Thanasi Kokkinakis has celebrated one of his toughest victories, channelling (贯注) all his fighting spirit to claim a second round French Open win over a former champion. Kokkinakis beat 2015 Roland Garros champion, Switzerland’s Stan Wawrinka, in a five-set marathon to win 3-6, 7-5, 6-3, 6-7(4), 6-3. Kokkinakis, 27, was left to regret a slow start to the fourth set tie-break (决胜局) as Wawrinka raced to a 5-0 lead to force a deciding set. But Kokkinakis opened the fifth set with a 4-0 run. Wawrinka then saved four match points, but couldn’t stop Aussie, who won in four hours and 38 minutes. It was a huge relief for Kokkinakis to win, having lost previous five sets, second round epic to British champion Andy Murray at the Australian Open in January. “I think the first set and a half he was playing was the best tennis he can play,” said Kokkinakis. “I was just trying to hang in there. I lost a match in a Grand Slam (大赛) earlier this year against Murray; I didn’t want to do it against another legend. He never went away. It seemed like when he was down, he was playing better tennis, but I just trusted myself and I’m so happy.” “Back in the third round on clay, who would have thought it for an Australian, but my game suits it here, I love it.2015 was the last time I won a match at Roland Garros and I made the third round...” Kokkinakis will now face Karen Khachanov, the big hitting Russian who ended Kokkinakis’ childhood friend and doubles partner (双打搭档) Nick Kyrgios’ golden run at the US Open last year. 25．How did Kokkinakis feel after becoming champion? A．Worried. B．Relieved. C．Shocked. D．Worn. 26．What can be inferred from Kokkinakis’ words in Paragraph 3? A．He placed a trust in his power. B．He was content with the first set. C．He was inspired by opponent’s spirits. D．He resolved to be a legend in his field. 27．Who was once Kokkinakis’ partner? A．Stan Wawrinka. B．Andy Murray. C．Karen Khachanov. D．Nick Kyrgios. 28．What is the text? A．A news report. B．A short story. C．A diary, D．A research article. 【答案】25．B 26．A 27．D 28．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了澳大利亚网球明星Thanasi Kokkinakis在法网公开赛第二轮比赛中战胜了一位前冠军而赢得了比赛。 25．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was a huge relief for Kokkinakis to win, having lost previous five sets, second round epic to British champion Andy Murray at the Australian Open in January.(Kokkinakis在今年1月的澳网公开赛上，第二轮输掉了与英国冠军Andy Murray史诗般的五盘大战的比赛，这场胜利让他大大松了一口气。)”可知，在1月的澳大利亚网球公开赛的第二轮，在一场五盘大战中输给了英国的Andy Murray，这次比赛的获胜让他如释重负，由此可知，Kokkinakis获胜后感觉很轻松。故选B项。 26．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It seemed like when he was down, he was playing better tennis, but I just trusted myself and I’m so happy.(似乎当他状态低落的时候，他的网球打得更好，但我只是相信自己，我很高兴。)”可知，Kokkinakis认为即使在Wawrinka状态低落时都打得很好，但是他还是相信自己，最终取得胜利，由此可知，Kokkinakis相信自己的实力。故选A项。 27．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Kokkinakis will now face Karen Khachanov, the big hitting Russian who ended Kokkinakis’ childhood friend and doubles partner (双打搭档) Nick Kyrgios’ golden run at the US Open last year.(Kokkinakis现在将面对Karen kachanov，这位俄罗斯大明星在去年的美国网球公开赛上终结了Kokkinakis的童年好友兼双打搭档Nick Kyrgios的金牌之路。)”可知，在去年美国网球公开赛上Karen kachanov终结了Kokkinakis的童年好友兼双打搭档Nick Kyrgios的金牌之路，由此可知，Nick Kyrgios曾经是Kokkinakis的搭档。故选D项。 28．推理判断题。根据首段“Australian tennis star Thanasi Kokkinakis has celebrated one of his toughest victories, channelling (贯注) all his fighting spirit to claim a second round French Open win over a former champion.(澳大利亚网球明星Thanasi Kokkinakis庆祝了他最艰难的胜利之一，他将自己所有的战斗精神都带到了比赛上，在法网公开赛第二轮击败了前冠军。)”以及下文中该介绍的Kokkinakis这场比赛的相关信息以及赛后比赛感受可知，本文应是新闻报道，报道了Kokkinakis在法国网球公开赛的第二轮赢得了一场伟大的比赛。故选A项。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$