专题03 阅读理解(议论文+记叙文）-【好题汇编】2022年高考英语二模试题分类汇编（北京专用)

专题03 阅读理解 议论文+记叙文 Passage1【2022•北京朝阳•二模】 Summer of KidsPost 2022 continues with our readers sharing their summer vacation adventures. This week’s edition features national parks and an old railroad tunnel (隧道). Moubon Kurukumbi, 13, and Masoom Kurukumbi, 10, of Fairfax visited Washington state. They hiked in three national parks: North Cascades, Mount Rainier and Olympic National Park. While on Hurricane Ridge Mountain in Olympic National Park, Moubon and Masoom were approached by several black-tailed deer. Nathan Howard, 8, of Ashburn visited the Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina and Tennessee. Nathan hiked, played in streams and saw two bears. He is a junior ranger and wants to be a ranger to look after the Smoky Mountains National Park when he grows up. Bella Lamb, 13, Ari Lamb, 8, of Virginia Beach, and Violet Lamb, 9, of Centreville visited the Claudius Crozet Blue Ridge Tunnel in Rockfish Gap, Virginia. The historic railroad tunnel was built in the 1850s. They walked through the tunnel with flashlights while enjoying the cooler temperatures. We expect more of our readers to include us in their summer vacations, so take a page of KidsPost and share the fun. We’ll feature a selection of readers’ photos in the print KidsPost and on kidspost.com this summer. In September, three randomly selected participants will receive books and KidsPost presents. Here are the rules: ·Get a recent copy of the printed KidsPost or print out a page online (wapo.st/kidspost2022PDF). Take it on your vacation. ·Get someone to take a photo of you-and brothers, sisters or other family members- holding KidsPost. Make sure at least one person in the photo is between the ages of 5 and 13. ·Have a parent fill out the entry form at wapo.st/summerofkidspost2022 and attach your photo. List the full name, age and hometown of everyone in the photo and explain where you are and what’s going on. ·Families can submit only one photo, and it must have been taken after May 23, 2022. Entries are due by September 1. For more information, please visit kidspost@washpost.com. 1．From the passage we know that ________. A．Bella and Ari hiked in three national parks B．Violet saw black-tailed deer in Olympic National Park C．Moubon and Masoom walked through an old railroad tunnel D．Nathan spotted bears at the Smoky Mountains National Park 2．If kids want to get a chance of receiving books and presents, they need to ________. A．fill out the paper entry form B．take e-KidsPost on their vacation C．submit the entries before May 23, 2022 D．send a photo of themselves holding KidsPost 3．Why does KidsPost hold the summer adventure sharing activity? A．To fuel kids’ passion for photography. B．To inspire a sense of adventure in kids. C．To attract more kids’ attention to the newspaper. D．To recommend tourist destinations for kids’ vacation. Passage2【2022•北京朝阳•二模】 Tabby walked on her way to school. She felt a sense of anticipation because this year she would be one of the graduates being honored at the town festival. These days, she was waiting to hear back about an admission application she sent to her top- choice college. It had the program that she was most excited about. Today she stayed late at school to get feedback on another college essay from Ms. Mueller, her high school teacher. Ms. Mueller told Tabby that her essay was very moving and that she knew Tabby would miss her hometown, but her degree would be worth it. Tabby responded gratefully. On the way home, the sight of the festival decorations made her feel guilty. She knew that most of her classmates could happily enjoy the festival knowing that they would be going on to do exactly what was expected of them-carrying on the town’s traditions by staying close to family and farm. Spending many years at a large university in a city somewhere far from home wasn’t supposed to be part of their plan. When Tabby got home, her family was preparing packages with homemade cookies to sell at the festival. “Let’s make an assembly line (流水线),”said Tabby. “Always trying to improve the process, aren’t you?” her brother laughed. Tabby knew what he was referring to. Last summer, Tabby discovered a technique for improving grain storage without costly equipment, which was adopted by local farmers. After completing packing, Tabby went to her room. On her bed, she saw a large envelope from the college she was waiting to hear from. She had been accepted into the famous college-the one with the world-renowned agricultural science program! The first person Tabby shared the news with was her grandfather. He gave her a big hug. “I guess my scientist girl still has farming in the blood, ” he said. “Yes! And I will come back and do some research right here in a few years,” she said. “Well, this old farm could certainly use some improvements! I’m proud of you, Tabby!” he said. 4．Why did Tabby stay late at school? A．To get advice on her college essay. B．To say goodbye to her teacher. C．To express her thanks to her high school. D．To wait for her admission letter. 5．Tabby felt guilty because she ________ . A．failed to live up to her teacher’s expectations B．skipped out on helping set up the decorations C．planned on leaving to pursue a higher education D．could not assist her classmates to get into college 6．According to the passage, Tabby will probably ________. A．contribute to the farming in her hometown B．choose a famous college close to her home C．adopt her grandfather’s advice to be a scientist D．apply her knowledge to college agriculture projects Passage3【2022•北京房山•二模】 Laptops are convenient, portable pieces of tech that many of us rely on day in and day out. They’re always at our side, whether we’re taking them to lunch meetings for a quick presentation or working in the living room while watching the kids during playtime. That leaves one problem: they can get dirty. That’s where this odd-but-useful product from Amazon comes in: the OXO Good Grips Sweep & Swipe. This cool little cleaning tool can help you swipe, dust, and sweep dirt from your everyday laptop. For just $11, it offers dual-action cleaning options to help keep your laptop clean. The OXO Good Grips Sweep & Swipe is an easy to use, double-sided tool that fits in your hand. One side features a microfiber pad to help remove fingerprints and other things from your laptop’s screen, keyboard and track pad. The other side is a soft brush to help you sweep away dust, dirt and any other things that might be hiding in the corner of your computer. The brush is retractable, with a storage cover to keep both ends of your cleaner protected when you aren’t using it. That will also make sure it stays as neat as possible when it’s not used. All in all, it’s an incredibly useful piece of equipment when it comes to deep-cleaning your tech. It’s well worth learning how to clean a laptop efficiently, then adding this budget-friendly gadget as a great maintenance option. Plus, keeping your tech clean can result in a few unexpected benefits, such as having better laptop battery life. If you work to keep your vents clear by removing dirty things with a tool like this one, you’ll increase your laptop’s charge. You can even give yourself the gift of a longer charge for just $11. 7．The OXO Good Grips Sweep & Swipe is a tool used to help you ________. A．clean your laptop B．do a quick presentation C．keep your living room tidy D．watch the kids during playtime 8．We know from the passage that the OXO Good Grips Sweep & Swipe ________. A．is very expensive but quite useful B．has two sides with different functions C．doesn’t have a cover to keep it protected D．will have no effect on your laptop battery life 9．The purpose of the passage is to ________. A．explain the function of a product B．show readers how to use a product C．encourage readers to buy a product D．introduce methods to protect a product Passage4【2022•北京房山•二模】 Evenings With Dad Some of my earliest memories involve sitting with my dad in his study every night when he came home from the office. I’d watch as he put his personal items away: his watch, wallet, comb and car keys would always occupy the same spot on the table every time. Dad’s comb was jade green. I heard he bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would smile, hand me the comb and say: “Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it, OK?” I was more than happy to do it. At age five, this kind of task brought me such joy. I would excitedly turn the tap on, then brush the comb with a used toothbrush as hard as I could. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would proudly return the comb to Dad. He would smile at me, and place the comb on top of his wallet. About two years later, Dad left his sales job and started his own wholesale business. I started primary school. That was when things started to change. Dad’s business wasn’t doing so well, and our stable life started getting shaky. He didn’t come home as much as he used to. And when he did come home, it was always late and I’d already be in bed. I started to get mad. Why didn’t he listen to Mum and just stick to his old job? Why take the risk and place the whole family in trouble? Over the years, I stopped waiting for him to come home, and stopped going downstairs to check on him. Now 28, I’ve graduated from college and got a job. Dad’s business has also started to get back on track. Yet the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me went on. Two days before my birthday last year, Dad came home early. As usual, I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he asked me to clean his comb. I looked at him for a while, then took the comb and headed to the sink. It was a new comb. This one was brown. I hadn’t noticed that he’d changed it. After cleaning it, I passed it back to Dad. He looked at it and smiled. But this time, I noticed something different. My dad had aged. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled, yet his smile was still as heartwarming as before. 10．How did the author feel about her earliest memories with her Dad? A．Moved. B．Cheerful. C．Challenging. D．Tired. 11．The reason why Dad started his own business was most probably that ________. A．he lost his job and had to make a living B．he was eager to get a sense of achievement C．he hoped to earn a better life for the family D．he wanted to protect his life from getting shaky 12．From the passage we know that the author’s Dad was ________. A．kind to the colleagues B．confident in his work C．strict with his daughter D．responsible for his family 13．The author shared her story with her Dad because ________. A．she intended to remember their happy time B．she took pride in helping her father clean the combs C．she was grateful for what her father had done for the family D．she wanted others to draw a lesson from her personal experience Passage5【2022•北京海淀•二模】 Institutions and individuals can subscribe to Journal of Science (JS) either by print or online. Ordering Procedures Both institutions and individuals can complete their order form and submit payment to start their print and/or online subscription. Those who choose the print version receive access to the online service as well. They may also subscribe to online-only access to JS. Once the publisher has received payment, the institution or individual will begin receiving the print journal if they order the print option. They will receive an e-mail with instructions for obtaining access to the online edition. The e-mail will direct them to an online form. They will be asked to provide the following information necessary to activate their subscription to JS: Institutions ·Contact name, title, phone, fax, and email ·Customer number (received via email) ·Institution's IP Address(es) Individuals ·A username and password that you can easily remember ·Your name, phone number, and email address ·Your customer number (received via email) With their subscription, they will receive 10 issues per year of the JS in addition to access to tables of contents, abstracts, full text searching, full text display, and PDFs, full access to all posted back content to 1860, for as long as the subscription is active. For institutions, access is limited to computers within a particular set of Internet IP addresses. Individuals will enjoy the advantage of having password access to JS from any device connected to the Internet. Without a subscription, access to tables of contents and abstracts is available. Cost of Subscriptions 2022 Rates Individual online-only Individual print+online Student online-only Student print+online Institution online-only Institution print+online U.S. $80 $90 $40 $50 $240 $250 Foreign $80 $90+ $35 Postage $40 $50+ $35 Postage $240 $250+ $35 Postage Purchasing Individual Issues or Articles You can purchase access to individual JS issues or articles. Browse through our current online content or our archive (going back to 1860), select the article you want access to, and click Add to Cart. You will be prompted to create an account at this time if you don't already have one. Purchases can be made by visiting our online store: https://epay.ustore.edu/js. 14．What is the procedure for online-only subscription? ①complete an order form                    ②receive an email with instructions ③activate the subscription                    ④submit payment A．③①②④ B．①④②③ C．①④③② D．④①②③ 15．How much does it cost a student in Beijing to subscribe to both print and online versions of JS 2022? A．$80. B．$85. C．$90. D．$125. 16．What can we learn from the passage? A．Those who subscribe to the print version have no access to online service. B．Individual articles are not available unless you make a yearly subscription. C．There is no limit on Internet IP addresses for either institutions or individuals. D．People have access to tables of contents and abstracts even without subscription. Passage6【2022•北京海淀•二模】 About 20 years ago, Daniel Hoffman, a classically trained violinist met a young musician playing in the town square in Marrakech, an ancient city in Morocco. They communicated in the little French they both knew, but their main common language was music. On the back of a motorbike of the fellow violinist, Hoffman weaved through the back streets of the city and then learned his first lessons in Andalusian music, the classical music of North Africa. That experience gave birth to an idea: What would it be like to try to learn how to play different violin styles around the world in just one week? Oh. yes, and at the end of that week, play a concert. He even got a name for the concept “musical extreme sports”. It took him almost two decades to launch that dream with a friend, who introduced him to the wonders of Kickstarter, a funding platform for creative projects. Up to now, the dream has taken the form of a new documentary currently airing on American public television stations called “Otherwise, It’s Just Firewood.” In the documentary, Hoffman travels to County Clare, Ireland, where he takes lessons with James Kelly, a master Irish violin player, for less than a week and then performs together with him in front of an audience, many of whom are star Irish musicians. The film is what Hoffman hopes will be the first of an eventual series of short documentaries, showing him learning to play the violin in a variety of styles, including the folk music of south India, Sweden, Greece, Romania, and West Virginia. That would add to his extensive repertoire (全部曲目), which already includes Balkan, Middle Eastern, and Turkish styles. “The big joke is what’s the difference between the fiddle and the violin? It’s the person who plays it,” says Niall Keegan, a traditional flute player. “It’s the music you make on it that makes it Irish or English or French or classical or jazz or whatever else. It’s how we imagine it and how we create through it that make it and give it character.” “Otherwise, it’s just firewood,” he says, words that became the film’s title. 17．Where does Hoffman’s idea of musical extreme sports come from? A．His exploration of the local music. B．His cooperation with the young violinist. C．His sightseeing tour on a motorbike seat. D．His constantly changing taste in violin styles. 18．According to the passage, the series of documentaries ________. A．help Hoffman to become a master violin player B．are funded by American public television stations C．introduce different styles of musicians around the world D．record Hoffman’s experience in learning various violin styles 19．The title of the documentary “Otherwise, It’s Just Firewood” is used to emphasize ________. A．the power of diversified artistic expression B．the pleasure in learning traditional music C．the technique of instrument playing D．the importance of famous artists Passage7【2022•北京西城•二模】 GRANDPARENTS WILL LOVE THESE GADGETSGrandparents deserve the finer things in life. Now it’s time to reward your loved ones with some great gifts. To help family shoppers out, we’ve put together a list of gadgets that won’t break the bank. These gifts for grandparents make everything more enjoyable. Money can’t buy happiness, but sometimes it can help promote your connection. 001 // FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO LOVE TO READ All-new Kindle Paperwhite is a worthwhile upgrade for grandparents who like reading e-books. This version features a larger 6.8-inch display and adjustable warm light. Grandparents will have no trouble operating it. The new one provides 32GB—plenty of space for favorite book titles. Price: 32GB—$190（an additional $20 for the ad-free version） 002 // FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO ARE FAR AWAY Being apart from children and grandchildren is difficult, but Filimin Friendship Lamps can ensure grandparents are never out of mind even if they’re out of sight. Each family member connects the Friendship Lamp to Wi-Fi. It takes little effort to set up and use. Keep one, give the other to grandparents, and whenever you touch your lamp, theirs will light up too. You can customize these lamps with over 200 color options. Price: $105（10% discount if you buy on Filimin’s website） 003 // FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO ENJOY CONVENIENCE Nothing beats a warm cup of coffee on a freezing winter morning, and the Ember Temperature Control Smart Mug keeps drinks at the perfect temperature no matter how long it takes grandma or grandpa to enjoy their coffee or tea. It hardly requires any complex steps to use. The temperature can be controlled via smartphone app. Purchase it in our physical stores today. Price: $99.95（$180 for two） 004 // FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO LOSE THINGS Nothing is more frustrating than being ready to go somewhere important and being unable to find the car keys. Esky makes lost keys a thing of the past. Four receivers can be attached to grandparents’ most treasured items. By just pressing the color-coded button on the transmitter, grandparents can be led to lost items by a beeping sound. You can order it on Amazon. Price: $24.99（$20 in May） 20．What information can we get from the advertisement? A．The Ember Mug can keep drinks warm for a limited time. B．It is impossible to skip advertisements while using Kindle Paperwhite. C．Users know their family are thinking of them when the Friendship Lamp is on. D．Clicking a button on the Esky receiver enables users to find things they’ve lost. 21．What feature do the four products have in common? A．Online availability. B．Easy operation. C．Special discount. D．Smartphone control. 22．Who is this advertisement intended for? A．Family members wanting to buy gifts for their elders. B．Sales people studying grandparents’ preferences. C．Companies selling products to elderly people. D．Grandparents favoring advanced technology. Passage8【2022•北京西城•二模】 My name is Stella Young. I grew up in a very small country town in Victoria. I had a very normal, low-key kind of upbringing. I went to school; I hung out with my friends; I fought with my younger sisters. It was all very normal. And when I was 15, a member of my local community approached my parents and wanted to submit my name for a community achievement award. My parents said, “Hmm, that’s really nice, but there’s kind of one obvious problem with that. She hasn’t actually achieved anything.” And they were right. You know I went to school, I got good marks, and I had a very low-key after-school job in my mum’s hairdressing salon. Years later, I was on my second teaching round in a Melbourne high school, and I was about 20 minutes into a year-11 Legal Studies class when a boy put up his hand and said, “Hey Miss, when are you going to start your speech?” And I said, “What speech?” And he said, “You know, like, your motivational speaking. You know, when people in wheelchairs come to school, they usually say, like, inspirational stuff. It’s usually in the big hall.” And that was the moment I realized that this kid had only ever experienced disabled people as objects of inspiration. For lots of us, disabled people are not our teachers or our doctors. We’re not real people. We are there to inspire. Yeah, we’ve been sold the lie that disability is a bad thing, and to live with a disability makes you exceptional. It’s not a bad thing, and it doesn’t make you exceptional. And in the past few years, we’ve been able to spread this lie even further through social media. Life as a disabled person is actually somewhat difficult. We do overcome some things. But they have nothing to do with our bodies. I use the term “disabled people” purposely, because I subscribe to what’s called the social model of disability. This model tells us that we are more disabled by the society that we live in than by our bodies and our diagnoses（诊断）. I want to live in a world where we don’t have such low expectations of disabled people that we are congratulated for getting out of bed and remembering our own names in the morning. I want to live in a world where we value disabled people’s real achievement. And I want to live in a world where a year-11 kid in a Melbourne high school is not one bit surprised that his new teacher is a wheelchair user. 23．What can we learn from Stella Young in the first paragraph? A．She couldn’t get along well with her friends and sisters. B．She played a key role at her mum’s hairdressing salon. C．She received an award for a great achievement. D．She lived an ordinary life in a country town. 24．What can we infer from the dialogue between Stella Young and the boy? A．The boy didn’t have much life experience. B．People have fixed ideas about the disabled. C．The disabled can’t find decent jobs because they are incapable. D．Stella Young felt uncomfortable because of the boy’s impoliteness. 25．According to the passage, Stella Young may agree that ______. A．social media offends the public by spreading lies about the disabled B．the disabled are less likely to be successful in their careers C．society’s attitude makes disabled people’s life difficult D．people’s expectations of the disabled are too high 26．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．On the journey to becoming exceptional B．The secret behind my disability C．Show sympathy to the disabled D．I’m not your inspiration Passage9【2022•北京西城•二模】 Usually when someone is disgusted by something, he feels it is unpleasant and stays away from it, so disgust mostly protects people from getting sick. However, getting a little dirty can have its advantages. Studies show that kids under age one who physically interact with a dog will have a 13% reduction in the likelihood of developing asthma, a breathing problem. In the late 1860s, Charles Darwin proposed that being disgusted could have a developmental purpose. 27 He guessed that the early humans most likely to feel disgusted survived to pass on their genes (基因), while the more nutritionally daring died off. 28 It wasn’t until the early 1990s, a time when gameshows eagerly slimed contestants, that disgust got more attention in psychological and behavioral research. Since then, scientists have identified different types of disgust and have explored how they affect the way we behave. The research shows that Darwin was basically right: disgust is a major part of the behavioral immune system that protects people from disease, a collection of actions influenced by some of the most natural reactions that keep our bodies in superior condition. We already know that not all germs (病菌) are bad for us. 29 Science also tells us that getting a bit dirty helps people more readily fight disease. “Disgust is associated with fewer infections, so it is a helpful emotion in disease-relevant contexts,” says Joshua Ackerman, an associate professor of psychology at the University of Michigan. However, he says it can be a double-edged sword. 30 And some of those things could actually improve our health. 31 Disgust is part of society’s balance. Too little, and we might get sick. Too much of it can harm our health. Figuring out this complex problem could help researchers understand a variety of human behaviors. A．They work with our body to maintain a balance. B．They were quite certain that being disgusted could benefit people. C．Nobody is quite sure whether disgust is a positive or negative thing. D．For many years afterward, though, scientists didn’t pay much attention to disgust. E．What he means is that it’s also associated with dislike for unfamiliar things, like food. F．Disgust became advanced to prevent our ancestors from eating spoiled food that might kill them. G．Researchers across fields continue to explore disgust so we can better understand our world and ourselves. Passage10【2022•北京东城•二模】 A poetry competition has been launched for pupils. It invites young people to reflect on the “many ways we are connected to the universe”. The competition is aimed at pupils aged 4 to 18 and is part of a national celebration of creativity taking place across the UK throughout 2023. The winning entries will be featured in a multimedia live projection show, which will visit multiple locations around the UK from March to May 2023. This outdoor show will include submissions from the competition and run for a week in each location. Winners will also receive a range of other prizes, including books and chocolate, plus continued development and coaching opportunities from the Poetry Society. The rules are as follows: ·The competition is free to enter. Entries will be accepted from anywhere in the UK. Entries from outside the UK are not accepted. If you are aged 4 — 12, your parent will need to give permission for you to enter. ·Your entry must be the original work of the creator. Your work is accepted on the basis that this will be its first appearance anywhere in the world. ·Poems must be written in English or Welsh, but you can include phrases in your mother tongue or another language. Poems must not be longer than 20 lines. You are free to write in any style or form. ·You may enter either online via the website or by post to the Poetry Society, 22 Betterton Street, London. All online entries must be received by 23:59 GMT on 19 December 2022. All poems entered by post must be post-dated on or before 19 December 2022. If you would like to enter online, please continue through the online system on this website. Email AboutUs@poetrysociety. org if you are having problems with your submission. 32．What is the theme of the competition? A．National celebration. B．Reflection on creativity. C．Young people’s talents. D．Connectivity to the universe. 33．What will be awarded to the winners? A．A free tour around the UK. B．Membership of the Poetry Society. C．Books, chocolate and prize money. D．A chance to present their works in a show. 34．According to the rules, participants . A．can submit entries by email B．must write within the line limit C．may enter their published poems D．should ask parents for permission Passage11【2022•北京东城•二模】 American Jake Pinnick comes from a small town called Kewanee. Pinnick said when he told friends and family he wanted to go to the Wudang Kungfu Academy in China, the response was typical. "It's not a usual thing to say, but it is pretty normal for kids to want to get out of a place like Kewanee. Most kids say something like they want to move to Hollywood and become an actor, " said the 30-year-old. “When I first thought about it, it was daydreaming for myself, too.” Once he found himself at the academy, Pinnick said fitting in was softened by other foreigners who were in the area and a part of the school. Getting used to the way of life was surprisingly easy given the peaceful nature to it. Pinnick said after a while, he found himself more at home in Wudang than he ever felt back home in Kewanee. Locals were more than welcoming and willing to engage. “The culture shock wasn't that bad. Surprisingly, I find I have more of that going back to America now... learning the language did take some time, but everyone around the school was familiar with foreigners, so we had a lot of fun speaking broken English and Chinese back and forth at the start.” After he settled into a routine, Pinnick set about engaging himself in Chinese culture, including Kungfu training. He was also attracted by the philosophical tradition most well-known for the idea of living in harmony with the universe. Pinnick said he had to go home after the first six months and immediately wanted to return to China, feeling as if it had now become his home more than America, and he had begun a process of rewriting himself as a person overseas. His life now goes around training, teaching and studying. He graduated from the academy in 2014 and still helps teach there. Pinnick said the goal is to one day return to America and teach what he has learned. Looking back on his amazing journey, Pinnick said he has grown by leaps and bounds from a small-town American kid who had a daydream he could not shake. 35．What did Pinnick's family think of his idea of learning Kungfu? A．Unrealistic. B．Creative. C．Challenging. D．Disappointing. 36．What mainly helped Pinnick get used to the life in China? A．His fluent Chinese. B．The friendly local culture. C．His peaceful nature. D．Other foreign teachers there. 37．What did Pinnick gain from his experience in China? A．A career choice. B．A large fortune. C．A Kungfu certificate. D．A good reputation. Passage12【2022•北京昌平•二模】 After a two-year pause, our summer program in Madrid is back. A tradition of 62 years has made Rollins’ Verano Espanol the most popular abroad program on campus. Program Highlights： •Earn 8 Rollins credit hours (two courses) in 6 weeks •Small class sizes, 8 students max. per class •All levels of Spanish proficiency allowed (from nothing to advanced) •Stay at a centrally located dorm •Full orientation during arrival weekend: Airport pick up, transportation to the dorms •Internship (实习) option/Included weekend long trip to the scenic mountain town of Candelario/weekly cultural activities Verano Espanol: a Rollins Tradition •Rollins’ Verano Espanol (Spanish Summer) celebrates its 62nd anniversary and is one of the oldest and most prestigious American summer study programs in Spain. •INB students: Do you know that you can complete your language, international experience and internship requirements in just 6 weeks in Madrid? •Internships available at IFEMA, the Trade Fair Institution of Madrid, with over 30 year experience of staging trade fairs, it is the most important of its kind in Spain and one of the leaders in Europe. Verano Espaiol: Why Madrid? For its unique blend of culture, history, food, and fun, Marid is one of the world’s top destinations. It is one of the world’s most lively cities, with unparalleled cultural offerings and a vibrant nightlife. According to Lonely Planet, ‌“No city on earth is more alive than Madrid, an attractive place whose sheer energy carries a simple message: this is one city which really knows how to live.” Last information session: Thursday, Feb. 10th. Bieberbach-Reed (Campus Center, by the Marketplace). Stop by anytime between 12:30 — 1:30 pm. Program application deadline: March 28, 2022 Program Travel Dates:14 May — 25 June, 2022 Additional Information: http://www. rollins.edu/international-programs Contact Dr. Alberto Prieto-Calixto: apcalixto@rollins.edu 38．By participating in the program, you can __________. A．take classes with big size B．live at the countryside dorm C．enjoy trips during weekdays D．gain the opportunity for internship 39．According to Lonely Planet, Madrid is chosen as the program’s destination mainly for its __________. A．climate B．location C．culture D．scenery 40．When will the program get started according to the passage? A．On February 10th. B．On March 28th. C．On May 14th. D．On June 25th. Passage13【2022•北京昌平•二模】 It started as a typical hot, dusty morning in a small town in the Peten region of Guatemala. As the morning progressed, the town became crowded with people streaming in from miles around. Some came by bus, others on motorcycles, bicycles and on foot. Filled with hope, they had come to attend a Seva-sponsored screening camp organized by our longtime local partner Visualiza. Word traveled quickly that the team had returned, offering free care to anyone with an eye problem. Over two days,700 people waited patiently to have their eyes examined at the temporary clinic that had been set up in the center of town. The first morning, the line spilled out of the front door. Many sought shelter from the unrelenting sun beneath umbrellas. A mother brought her nine-year-old daughter Wendy, hoping the doctors could restore sight to her blind eye. Five years ago, Wendy had lost vision in her eye after accidentally being bumped in the head while playing with friends. Making their way through the series of exam stations, Wendy and her mother learned that Visualiza’s ophthalmologists might be able to help her see again by operating on her eye. The doctors informed them that a cataract (白内障) that had formed after the injury was causing her vision loss. Wendy was scheduled for surgery, which would take place the next morning at Visualiza’s outreach clinic. Transportation was arranged for Wendy and her mother, along with all of the other patients who had been identified as requiring sight-restoring surgery. Of the 25 patients who boarded the clinic’s bus, Wendy was the only child. The next morning after a successful surgery, the eye patch was removed and Wendy slowly opened her eyes. For the first few days, Wendy’s vision was a little blurry. But after being fitted with a pair of prescription glasses, Wendy’s follow-up exam showed that her vision had come back nicely and the surgery had been a great success! With vision restored, Wendy can now see clearly and is excited to be returning to school. Thanks to Seva donors, Wendy’s future is bright and full of potential. 41．How did people feel when waiting to have their eyes examined? A．Hopeful. B．Nervous. C．Impatient. D．Thankful. 42．Wendy lost her vision because _______________. A．she kept looking at the sun for a long time B．she had her head bumped by accident C．she had a failed operation on eyes D．she was born with an eye disease 43．What mainly contributes to Wendy’s happy ending? A．The fast transportation. B．The prescription glasses. C．The successful surgery. D．The follow-up exam. 44．What message does the author want to express? A．Treasure your sight before it’s getting worse. B．Helping those in need makes a difference. C．Opportunity favors the prepared mind. D．Free yourself from the dark time. Passage14【2022•北京丰台•二模】 Picnic Shelter Reservations Vancouver Parks and Recreation maintains four covered picnic shelters that are available for reservation at the following parks: ●Fisher Basin Community Park ●Leroy Haagen Memorial Park ●Marine Community Park ●Marshall Community Park Picnic shelters are available to reserve between May 1 and September 30 each year. Reservations are for the entire day with a reservation fee of $100. When not reserved, shelters are available for free. Reserve a picnic shelter by calling 360-487-7100. Shelter Reservation Cancellation Policy If canceled one month or more before the rental date, 100% of the fee will be refunded. If canceled 1-4 weeks before the rental date, 75% of the fee will be refunded. No refunds will be granted if the reservation is canceled less than one week prior to the rental date. Frequently Asked Questions Q: Is there a way to find out if an event is already scheduled at a park? Yes. Contact Marshall Community Center at 360-487-7100 to find out about events taking place in our parks. Q：What amenities (设施) are included with a picnic shelter reservation? Reservations include use of all picnic tables located within the shelter and electricity (there is no electricity at Marine Park). Playground amenities and restrooms will be shared with the public. Park Use Permits Depending on the type of event you’re hosting, you will need to get a Park Use Permit from Vancouver Parks and Recreation. A Park Use Permit gives you permission to bring special items and equipment into the park. 45．If you cancel 3 weeks before the rental date, how much money will you get back? A．$100. B．$75. C．$25. D．$0. 46．According to the passage, Vancouver picnic shelters _________. A．don’t allow visitors to host events B．don’t offer picnic tables or electricity C．are available to reserve all year round D．can be used for free when not reserved 47．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain the rules of park management. B．To recommend shelters of different parks. C．To introduce the functions of picnic shelters. D．To provide information of shelter reservations. 48．Where is this passage most likely from? A．A book review. B．A news report. C．A travel brochure. D．A science journal. Passage15【2022•北京丰台•二模】 From sausage rolls to sweets and a coffee with a bin, there were many things that made Greg Robinson smile. When the father-of-two, who was in his 50s, died suddenly in April 2021, his family’s life was turned upside down. Greg ran a gift shop in his hometown of Donaghadce. Whether it was at work, walking the dog, with his local flute band or just out in his belayed town, his family said Greg made time for those in need. Now, on the week of his first anniversary, his family shared some of the things that made him smile with their community. “We wanted to plan something together that allowed us to put our energy into something positive and give us something practical to do, which we knew would have an impact on others,” they told the reporter. “We knew that by making others smile, we in turn would feel the benefit of that too. We have realised the importance of little things that have made us smile throughout the past year.” As Greg loved his town and the community, all the gifts were purchased locally. Among them are vouchers (代金券) for a bakery, for some of his favourite sausage rolls, an ice-cream shop where he used to buy a quarter of sweets, and a cafe because “a wee coffee and a bun would have made dad’s face light up with excitement”. “When someone dies, it is often the case that people are scared to mention the loved one in case it makes you sad, but the journey has taught us that this isn’t the case. The wonderful memories of dad shared by our community bring so much comfort,” his family said. “We love those times when we hear how dad had impacted their lives, from showing kindness as a teenager at high school, to chatting away to customers in his shop,” they added. For Greg’s children, they will be forever grateful for their dad teaching them “to focus on the positive parts of the day, looking for ways that we can express gratitude for everyday things”. 49．What do we know about Greg from the first three paragraphs? A．Greg was often ready to help others. B．Greg had a great passion for cooking. C．Greg earned his living by playing in a band. D．Greg’s death had little impact on his family. 50．How did the community react after receiving the gifts? A．They gathered and comforted Greg’s family. B．They expressed sadness about Greg’s death. C．They were still afraid to talk about Greg. D．They shared good memories of Greg. 51．What would be the best title for this passage? A．An Act of Kindness in Memory of Greg B．Unusual Ways to Thank Greg’s Community C．A Huge Celebration of Greg’s Family Reunion D．Special Gifts to Record the Family Life of Greg Passage16【2022•北京丰台•二模】 People’s distrust in science has led many scientists to take up arms (or at least keyboards) to defend their enterprise. But in their efforts to fight back against science denial, some scientists say things that just aren’t true-and you can’t build trust if the things you are saying are not trustworthy. One popular move is to insist that science is right-full stop-and that once we discover the truth about the world, we are done. Or, as famous physicist Steven Smith said, “Even though a scientific theory is in a sense a social consensus (共识), it is unlike any other sort of consensus in that it is culture-free and permanent.” Well, no. Even a modest familiarity with the history of science offers many examples of matters that scientists thought they had resolved, only to discover that they needed to be reconsidered. Another popular move is to say scientific findings are true because scientists use “the scientific method.” But we can never actually agree on what that method is. Some will say it is the observation and description of the world. Others will say it is the experimental method. Recently a prominent scientist claimed the scientific method was to avoid fooling oneself into thinking something is true that is not. Each of these views has its merits, but if the claim is that any one of these is the scientific method, then they all fail. In point of fact, the methods of science have varied between disciplines and across time. In my view, the biggest mistake scientists make is to claim that this is all somehow simple and therefore to imply that anyone who doesn’t get it is stupid. Science is not simple, and neither is the natural world; therein lies the challenge of science communication. What we do is both hard and, often hard to explain. Our efforts to understand and characterize the natural world  are just that: efforts. Because we’re human, we often fall flat. The good news is that when that happens, we pick ourselves up,  brush ourselves off, and get back to work. Scientific theories are not perfect replicas of reality, but we have good reason to believe that they capture significant elements of it. And experience reminds us that when we ignore reality, it sooner or later comes back to bite us. 52．Paragraph 2 stresses that _________. A．scientific theories may change with time B．the familiarity with science’s history matters C．the unresolved matters should be reconsidered D．a social consensus is culture-free and permanent 53．According to the passage, the author might agree that_________. A．it is critical for scientists to stay true to reality B．science puts an accurate interpretation on nature C．the definitions of the scientific method are outdated D．the credibility of scientific theories is underestimated 54．How does the author persuade readers in this passage? A．By stressing the importance of science. B．By comparing opposite opinions on science. C．By questioning the way scientific discoveries are made. D．By pointing out the fault in claims made by some scientists. Passage17【2022•北京顺义•二模】 Make It Modular: Student Design Challenge! Imagine your community as a material bank, rich with resources to reuse. How could you improve the built environment by upcycling waste, circulating (循环) existing materials, or regenerating nature? Your challenge is to design a structure that meets a need in your community now but could also be repurposed later. “Designing for deconstruction” involves a modular approach in which building elements could be easily reconfigured, reimagined, and repurposed over time. Your design should: •Include an approximately 20’ long x 8’ wide x 9.6’ high volumetric module •Be relevant to one of the following uses: *Affordable Housing *Covid-era Public Space *Reimagined Outdoor Classroom •Approach the task with a real-world perspective, demonstrating skills and knowledge from one or more of the following fields: architecture, engineering, construction, and/or the skilled trades Requirements: 1. Open to students ages 13-21 and currently enrolled (入学)in high school or homeschooled. 2. All entries MUST share the entrant’s grade level in the introductory step. 3. Submissions must be entered between March 7, 2022, and June 20, 2022. If you have never posted an Instructable before, please refer to How to Write an Instructable guide for more information. The prizes are intended as scholarship funds to support the winners’ education, such as tuition, books, room & board or transportation. Entries will be judged based on the following criteria: *3D Digital Literacy (能力)and Design; *Engineering Mindset; *Real-world Relevance; *Presentation. Read the full contest rules for more details. 55．According to the passage, the designs can______. A．be used now and repurposed later B．be placed in a material bank C．be submitted on August 20, 2022 D．be related to art and literature 56．If a student has never posted an Instructable before, what should he or she do? A．Contact the organizers. B．Quit the design contest. C．Refer to an online guide. D．Read the full contest rules. 57．What can winners do with the prizes? A．To enroll in a high school. B．To pay for tuition and books. C．To polish his presentation. D．To improve the built environment. Passage18【2022•北京顺义•二模】 William Flaherty was diagnosed (诊断)with HLH when he was 3. It’s an often-fatal disease where the immune (免疫的)system attacks the body’s organs. The doctor gave William 9.5 (on a scale of 1 to 10, 1 is you’re super healthy and 10 is you’re dead), which hit the family. There were days when they didn’t know if he would live through. In April of 2008, William got a bone-marrow (骨髓)transplant from his older brother Charles. The recover from it took long. He had a lot of aftereffects and even had 22 of his teeth pulled. At five, William skied for the first time. It helped a lot with low bone density (密度)and got him back in good shape. One year later, William moved to Puerto Rico and fell in love with the island. When he brought up to represent Puerto Rico in Alpine skiing, his friends laughed. Puerto Rico doesn’t have snow. But William didn’t quit. However, it was tough for William to balance his training with medical appointments and going to school. So he did a school program totally online. He went to a lot of camps and there were lots of early mornings like 4:00 AM alarm clock. But he has managed to maintain straight As since halfway through third grade and he plans to head to college to study aerospace engineering. Even a cold can lay him up for two weeks, so William took extra pre-cautions over the last two years. While training, he wore an N95 mask the whole time and couldn’t ride the lift with anyone. After training, he came home directly, hid in his bedroom and stayed away from people. In 2022, the 17-year-old boy has had more than 30 operations. Having prepared for 7 years he finally made it to the starting line at Beijing Olympics. “Skiing is really helpful because it forces me to focus on one thing,” he said. “I really want to prove to all the other transplant survivors that they can do whatever they want in life.” 58．Why did William Flaherty start skiing at the age of five? A．To improve health. B．To entertain himself. C．To follow his family. D．To join in the Olympics. 59．Why did William decide to represent Puerto Rico in Alpine skiing? A．Because his friends supported him. B．Because he loved skiing and Puerto Rico. C．Because that could help him enter a good college. D．Because Puerto Rico had better training environment. 60．Which of the following can best describe William Flaherty? A．Brave and kind. B．Hopeful and helpful. C．Passionate and shy. D．Optimistic and hardworking. 61．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．Skiing Life of a Teenager. B．Preparing Well for the Olympics. C．Surviving from Severe Illness. D．Defeating Disease to Deliver Hope. Passage19【2022•北京顺义•二模】 An economist, Adam Smith, famously wrote that “it is not from the benevolence (慈善)of the butcher, the brewer or the baker, that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own self-interest.” Like Smith, many economists today believe that one’s self-interest is what drives competition and growth in market economies. Yet, in an increasingly interconnected society, it is even more crucial to have collaborative skills. Thus we should encourage cooperation to better prepare children for the future. Firstly, in the present age marked by the transformative potential of technology to facilitate interactions, cooperation is an especially prized soft skill to have. As a research study proves, soft skills such as good communication and empathy consist of qualitative indicators of outstanding employees as compared to technical skills or knowledge. In contrast, excessively (过分地)competitive and individualistic behaviour may fracture social relations in the community of co-workers and since no man is an island, even the most competent employee will not be able to pursue his goals effectively without the help of others who are able to share a common vision and understanding. Moreover, encouraging cooperation increase a healthy sense of self-esteem in children that better prepares them for the competitive working world. Many modern societies today are consumed by an obsessive drive for success and the pressure to perform has infiltrated both classrooms and offices alike. The consequences of the fierce competitive culture include higher rates of anxiety and depression among university students and office workers, which are all counterproductive. Teamwork can help a maturing individual realise that each has his or her own unique set of abilities to bring to the table and that another person’s strengths do not in any way diminish (降低)the value of his or her talents. Thus, cooperation can affirm the self-worth of children by correcting the violent insight that winning or paper achievement is an exclusive (唯一)measure of success in life. However, critics may claim that in a cutthroat world, adapting to competition should be of supreme priority in education and parenting. To achieve one’s deepest ambitions, such as to become a medical student, or to create a tech start-up, one has to adopt competition by actively fighting for opportunities and distinguishing oneself from others. Nevertheless, since passion can already stimulate children to work hard to fulfill their ambitions, the need to encourage competition may be at the end of the day. As much as external competition can drive people to pursue excellence, internal motivation is at least equally or arguably even more essential, and collaboration plays an instrumental role in helping one uncover one’s tendency and motivations. 62．What can be inferred from Adam Smith’s words? A．Our society is increasingly interconnected. B．Our dinner is made out of the regards to markets. C．Self-interest pushes the development of economies. D．The butcher, the brewer or the baker is not sympathy. 63．What does the underlined word “fracture” mean in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Deepen. B．Establish. C．Maintain. D．Damage. 64．Which of the following might the author agree with? A．Paper achievement is an exclusive measure of success. B．Confidence and ambitions can be achieved through cooperation. C．Actively fighting for distinguishing oneself is a healthy competition. D．Competition is not essential for people to pursue excellence. 65．What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To introduce parents the advantages of cooperation. B．To inform parents to balance cooperation and competition. C．To persuade parents to care about their children’s education. D．To tell parents to encourage their children to learn to cooperate. ( 24 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 阅读理解 议论文+记叙文 Passage1【2022•北京朝阳•二模】 Summer of KidsPost 2022 continues with our readers sharing their summer vacation adventures. This week’s edition features national parks and an old railroad tunnel (隧道). Moubon Kurukumbi, 13, and Masoom Kurukumbi, 10, of Fairfax visited Washington state. They hiked in three national parks: North Cascades, Mount Rainier and Olympic National Park. While on Hurricane Ridge Mountain in Olympic National Park, Moubon and Masoom were approached by several black-tailed deer. Nathan Howard, 8, of Ashburn visited the Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina and Tennessee. Nathan hiked, played in streams and saw two bears. He is a junior ranger and wants to be a ranger to look after the Smoky Mountains National Park when he grows up. Bella Lamb, 13, Ari Lamb, 8, of Virginia Beach, and Violet Lamb, 9, of Centreville visited the Claudius Crozet Blue Ridge Tunnel in Rockfish Gap, Virginia. The historic railroad tunnel was built in the 1850s. They walked through the tunnel with flashlights while enjoying the cooler temperatures. We expect more of our readers to include us in their summer vacations, so take a page of KidsPost and share the fun. We’ll feature a selection of readers’ photos in the print KidsPost and on kidspost.com this summer. In September, three randomly selected participants will receive books and KidsPost presents. Here are the rules: ·Get a recent copy of the printed KidsPost or print out a page online (wapo.st/kidspost2022PDF). Take it on your vacation. ·Get someone to take a photo of you-and brothers, sisters or other family members- holding KidsPost. Make sure at least one person in the photo is between the ages of 5 and 13. ·Have a parent fill out the entry form at wapo.st/summerofkidspost2022 and attach your photo. List the full name, age and hometown of everyone in the photo and explain where you are and what’s going on. ·Families can submit only one photo, and it must have been taken after May 23, 2022. Entries are due by September 1. For more information, please visit kidspost@washpost.com. 1．From the passage we know that ________. A．Bella and Ari hiked in three national parks B．Violet saw black-tailed deer in Olympic National Park C．Moubon and Masoom walked through an old railroad tunnel D．Nathan spotted bears at the Smoky Mountains National Park 2．If kids want to get a chance of receiving books and presents, they need to ________. A．fill out the paper entry form B．take e-KidsPost on their vacation C．submit the entries before May 23, 2022 D．send a photo of themselves holding KidsPost 3．Why does KidsPost hold the summer adventure sharing activity? A．To fuel kids’ passion for photography. B．To inspire a sense of adventure in kids. C．To attract more kids’ attention to the newspaper. D．To recommend tourist destinations for kids’ vacation. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要讲述Summer of KidsPost 2022报纸的本周期刊的内容以及邀请更多的读者加入到报纸的活动中。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Nathan Howard, 8, of Ashburn visited the Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina and Tennessee. Nathan hiked, played in streams and saw two bears.”（来自阿什伯恩的8岁男孩内森·霍华德参观了位于北卡罗来纳州和田纳西州的斯莫基山国家公园。内森徒步旅行，在小溪中玩耍，还看到了两只熊。）可知，内森在斯莫基山国家公园发现了熊。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Get a recent copy of the printed KidsPost or print out a page online （wapo.st/kidspost2022PDF）. Take it on your vacation.”（获取一份最新打印的kidspost2022PDF或在线打印一页(wapo.st/kidspost2022PDF)。 带着它去度假。）可知，如果想要获得奖品，孩子们必须带着报纸去旅行。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Summer of KidsPost 2022 continues with our readers sharing their summer vacation adventures.”（KidsPost 2022之夏刊继续与我们的读者分享他们的暑假冒险。）以及“We expect more of our readers to include us in their summer vacations, so take a page of KidsPost and share the fun.”（我们希望有更多的读者在他们的暑假里阅读我们。所以请在kidpost上找一个页面，分享乐趣。），同时，该报纸又通过赠送刊物的方式激励读者们带着报纸去旅行。因此，可以判断KidsPost 2022举办该活动的目的是吸引更多的小读者阅读该报纸。故选C项。 Passage2【2022•北京朝阳•二模】 Tabby walked on her way to school. She felt a sense of anticipation because this year she would be one of the graduates being honored at the town festival. These days, she was waiting to hear back about an admission application she sent to her top- choice college. It had the program that she was most excited about. Today she stayed late at school to get feedback on another college essay from Ms. Mueller, her high school teacher. Ms. Mueller told Tabby that her essay was very moving and that she knew Tabby would miss her hometown, but her degree would be worth it. Tabby responded gratefully. On the way home, the sight of the festival decorations made her feel guilty. She knew that most of her classmates could happily enjoy the festival knowing that they would be going on to do exactly what was expected of them-carrying on the town’s traditions by staying close to family and farm. Spending many years at a large university in a city somewhere far from home wasn’t supposed to be part of their plan. When Tabby got home, her family was preparing packages with homemade cookies to sell at the festival. “Let’s make an assembly line (流水线),”said Tabby. “Always trying to improve the process, aren’t you?” her brother laughed. Tabby knew what he was referring to. Last summer, Tabby discovered a technique for improving grain storage without costly equipment, which was adopted by local farmers. After completing packing, Tabby went to her room. On her bed, she saw a large envelope from the college she was waiting to hear from. She had been accepted into the famous college-the one with the world-renowned agricultural science program! The first person Tabby shared the news with was her grandfather. He gave her a big hug. “I guess my scientist girl still has farming in the blood, ” he said. “Yes! And I will come back and do some research right here in a few years,” she said. “Well, this old farm could certainly use some improvements! I’m proud of you, Tabby!” he said. 4．Why did Tabby stay late at school? A．To get advice on her college essay. B．To say goodbye to her teacher. C．To express her thanks to her high school. D．To wait for her admission letter. 5．Tabby felt guilty because she ________ . A．failed to live up to her teacher’s expectations B．skipped out on helping set up the decorations C．planned on leaving to pursue a higher education D．could not assist her classmates to get into college 6．According to the passage, Tabby will probably ________. A．contribute to the farming in her hometown B．choose a famous college close to her home C．adopt her grandfather’s advice to be a scientist D．apply her knowledge to college agriculture projects 【答案】4．A 5．C 6．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tabby学业成绩很优秀，但她感到很内疚，因为她将不得不离开家庭和农场。不过所幸是，她被一所世界著名大学的农业科学专业所录取，将继续为家乡的农业做出了贡献。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Today she stayed late at school to get feedback on another college essay from Ms. Mueller, her high school teacher.(今天，她在学校待到很晚，以便从高中老师Mueller那里得到另一篇大学论文的反馈。)”可知，Tabby在学校呆得很晚，为她的大学论文征求意见。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据第三段“Spending many years at a large university in a city somewhere far from home wasn’t supposed to be part of their plan. (在离家很远的城市里的一所大学里呆上多年，这本来不应该是他们计划的一部分。)”可推断，Tabby感到很内疚，是因为她打算离开去追求更高的教育。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据最后一段““I guess my scientist girl still has farming in the blood, ” he said. “Yes! And I will come back and do some research right here in a few years, ” she said. “Well, this old farm could certainly use some improvements! I’m proud of you, Tabby!” he said. (他说：“我想，我那位科学家女孩的血液里仍然流淌着农业的血液。”“是啊!几年后我还会回来，在这里做一些研究。”“嗯，这个老农场确实需要一些改进!”我为你骄傲，Tabby!”他说。)”可推断，Tabby很可能会为家乡的农业做出贡献。故选A。 Passage3【2022•北京房山•二模】 Laptops are convenient, portable pieces of tech that many of us rely on day in and day out. They’re always at our side, whether we’re taking them to lunch meetings for a quick presentation or working in the living room while watching the kids during playtime. That leaves one problem: they can get dirty. That’s where this odd-but-useful product from Amazon comes in: the OXO Good Grips Sweep & Swipe. This cool little cleaning tool can help you swipe, dust, and sweep dirt from your everyday laptop. For just $11, it offers dual-action cleaning options to help keep your laptop clean. The OXO Good Grips Sweep & Swipe is an easy to use, double-sided tool that fits in your hand. One side features a microfiber pad to help remove fingerprints and other things from your laptop’s screen, keyboard and track pad. The other side is a soft brush to help you sweep away dust, dirt and any other things that might be hiding in the corner of your computer. The brush is retractable, with a storage cover to keep both ends of your cleaner protected when you aren’t using it. That will also make sure it stays as neat as possible when it’s not used. All in all, it’s an incredibly useful piece of equipment when it comes to deep-cleaning your tech. It’s well worth learning how to clean a laptop efficiently, then adding this budget-friendly gadget as a great maintenance option. Plus, keeping your tech clean can result in a few unexpected benefits, such as having better laptop battery life. If you work to keep your vents clear by removing dirty things with a tool like this one, you’ll increase your laptop’s charge. You can even give yourself the gift of a longer charge for just $11. 7．The OXO Good Grips Sweep & Swipe is a tool used to help you ________. A．clean your laptop B．do a quick presentation C．keep your living room tidy D．watch the kids during playtime 8．We know from the passage that the OXO Good Grips Sweep & Swipe ________. A．is very expensive but quite useful B．has two sides with different functions C．doesn’t have a cover to keep it protected D．will have no effect on your laptop battery life 9．The purpose of the passage is to ________. A．explain the function of a product B．show readers how to use a product C．encourage readers to buy a product D．introduce methods to protect a product 【答案】7．A 8．B 9．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍笔记本电脑小清洁工具OXO Good Grips Sweep&Swipe。 7．细节理解题。由文章第二段“This cool little cleaning tool can help you swipe, dust, and sweep dirt from your everyday laptop. (这个很酷的小清洁工具可以帮你从日常笔记本电脑上刷洗、除尘和清扫灰尘。)”可知，这是一款笔记本清理工具。故选A项。 8．细节理解题。由文章第三段“One side features a microfiber pad to help remove fingerprints and other things from your laptop’s screen, keyboard and track pad. The other side is a soft brush to help you sweep away dust, dirt and any other things that might be hiding in the corner of your computer. (一面有一个超细纤维垫，可以帮助去除笔记本电脑屏幕、键盘和音轨垫上的指纹和其他东西。另一面是一把软刷子，可以帮你清除灰尘、污垢和任何其他可能隐藏在电脑角落里的东西。)”可知，这款工具两面都有清理作用，但主要清理方面不一样。故选B项。 9．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“This cool little cleaning tool can help you swipe, dust, and sweep dirt from your everyday laptop. For just $11, it offers dual-action cleaning options to help keep your laptop clean. The OXO Good Grips Sweep & Swipe is an easy to use, double-sided tool that fits in your hand. (这个很酷的小清洁工具可以帮你从日常笔记本电脑上刷洗、除尘和清扫灰尘。只需11美元，它就提供了双功能清洁选项，有助于保持笔记本电脑清洁。OXO Good Grips Sweep&Swipe是一款易于使用的双面工具，适合您的双手使用。)”以及文章最后的网址可知，这篇文章主要是为了介绍销售OXO Good Grips Sweep&Swipe，鼓励读者购买产品。故选C项。 Passage4【2022•北京房山•二模】 Evenings With Dad Some of my earliest memories involve sitting with my dad in his study every night when he came home from the office. I’d watch as he put his personal items away: his watch, wallet, comb and car keys would always occupy the same spot on the table every time. Dad’s comb was jade green. I heard he bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would smile, hand me the comb and say: “Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it, OK?” I was more than happy to do it. At age five, this kind of task brought me such joy. I would excitedly turn the tap on, then brush the comb with a used toothbrush as hard as I could. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would proudly return the comb to Dad. He would smile at me, and place the comb on top of his wallet. About two years later, Dad left his sales job and started his own wholesale business. I started primary school. That was when things started to change. Dad’s business wasn’t doing so well, and our stable life started getting shaky. He didn’t come home as much as he used to. And when he did come home, it was always late and I’d already be in bed. I started to get mad. Why didn’t he listen to Mum and just stick to his old job? Why take the risk and place the whole family in trouble? Over the years, I stopped waiting for him to come home, and stopped going downstairs to check on him. Now 28, I’ve graduated from college and got a job. Dad’s business has also started to get back on track. Yet the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me went on. Two days before my birthday last year, Dad came home early. As usual, I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he asked me to clean his comb. I looked at him for a while, then took the comb and headed to the sink. It was a new comb. This one was brown. I hadn’t noticed that he’d changed it. After cleaning it, I passed it back to Dad. He looked at it and smiled. But this time, I noticed something different. My dad had aged. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled, yet his smile was still as heartwarming as before. 10．How did the author feel about her earliest memories with her Dad? A．Moved. B．Cheerful. C．Challenging. D．Tired. 11．The reason why Dad started his own business was most probably that ________. A．he lost his job and had to make a living B．he was eager to get a sense of achievement C．he hoped to earn a better life for the family D．he wanted to protect his life from getting shaky 12．From the passage we know that the author’s Dad was ________. A．kind to the colleagues B．confident in his work C．strict with his daughter D．responsible for his family 13．The author shared her story with her Dad because ________. A．she intended to remember their happy time B．she took pride in helping her father clean the combs C．she was grateful for what her father had done for the family D．she wanted others to draw a lesson from her personal experience 【答案】10．B 11．C 12．D 13．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文以一把梳子为线索，讲解了我在成长过程中与爸爸的相处，父子关系之间的变化，最终理解了父亲。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段“I was more than happy to do it. At age five, this kind of task brought me such joy. (我非常乐意这么做。在五岁的时候，这种任务给我带来了如此多的快乐)”可知，作者小时候与父亲的相处是非常愉快的。故选B。 11．推理判断题。根据第四段“Dad’s business wasn’t doing so well, and our stable life started getting shaky.( 爸爸的生意不太好，我们稳定的生活开始动摇)”以及“Why didn’t he listen to Mum and just stick to his old job? Why take the risk and place the whole family in trouble? (他为什么不听妈妈的话，继续干他原来的工作呢? 为什么要冒险让整个家庭陷入麻烦呢?)”可知，因为爸爸的工作，我们之前的生活是稳定的，后来爸爸想要让家庭生活变得更好，因此辞职创业。故选C。 12．推理判断题。根据第四段“Dad’s business wasn’t doing so well, and our stable life started getting shaky. He didn’t come home as much as he used to.( 爸爸的生意不太好，我们稳定的生活开始动摇。他不像以前那样经常回家了)”可知，由于爸爸辛勤的工作，我们之前的生活很稳定，而且爸爸经常回家陪伴家人。由此可知，爸爸是一个对家庭负责的人。故选D。 13．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But this time, I noticed something different. My dad had aged. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled, yet his smile was still as heartwarming as before.( 当他微笑的时候，他的眼睛旁边有皱纹，但他的微笑仍然像以前一样温暖)”可知，父亲经过多年的打拼而显得苍老，但仍然温暖从容，因此我对父亲的付出很感恩。故选C。 Passage5【2022•北京海淀•二模】 Institutions and individuals can subscribe to Journal of Science (JS) either by print or online. Ordering Procedures Both institutions and individuals can complete their order form and submit payment to start their print and/or online subscription. Those who choose the print version receive access to the online service as well. They may also subscribe to online-only access to JS. Once the publisher has received payment, the institution or individual will begin receiving the print journal if they order the print option. They will receive an e-mail with instructions for obtaining access to the online edition. The e-mail will direct them to an online form. They will be asked to provide the following information necessary to activate their subscription to JS: Institutions ·Contact name, title, phone, fax, and email ·Customer number (received via email) ·Institution's IP Address(es) Individuals ·A username and password that you can easily remember ·Your name, phone number, and email address ·Your customer number (received via email) With their subscription, they will receive 10 issues per year of the JS in addition to access to tables of contents, abstracts, full text searching, full text display, and PDFs, full access to all posted back content to 1860, for as long as the subscription is active. For institutions, access is limited to computers within a particular set of Internet IP addresses. Individuals will enjoy the advantage of having password access to JS from any device connected to the Internet. Without a subscription, access to tables of contents and abstracts is available. Cost of Subscriptions 2022 Rates Individual online-only Individual print+online Student online-only Student print+online Institution online-only Institution print+online U.S. $80 $90 $40 $50 $240 $250 Foreign $80 $90+ $35 Postage $40 $50+ $35 Postage $240 $250+ $35 Postage Purchasing Individual Issues or Articles You can purchase access to individual JS issues or articles. Browse through our current online content or our archive (going back to 1860), select the article you want access to, and click Add to Cart. You will be prompted to create an account at this time if you don't already have one. Purchases can be made by visiting our online store: https://epay.ustore.edu/js. 14．What is the procedure for online-only subscription? ①complete an order form                    ②receive an email with instructions ③activate the subscription                    ④submit payment A．③①②④ B．①④②③ C．①④③② D．④①②③ 15．How much does it cost a student in Beijing to subscribe to both print and online versions of JS 2022? A．$80. B．$85. C．$90. D．$125. 16．What can we learn from the passage? A．Those who subscribe to the print version have no access to online service. B．Individual articles are not available unless you make a yearly subscription. C．There is no limit on Internet IP addresses for either institutions or individuals. D．People have access to tables of contents and abstracts even without subscription. 【答案】14．B 15．B 16．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章讲述了机构和个人可以选择印刷版或在线订阅《科学杂志》，以及订阅操作方式。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段Ordering Procedures标题下“Both institutions and individuals can complete their order form and submit payment to start their print and/or online subscription. Those who choose the print version receive access to the online service as well. They may also subscribe to online-only access to JS. Once the publisher has received payment, the institution or individual will begin receiving the print journal if they order the print option. They will receive an e-mail with instructions for obtaining access to the online edition. The e-mail will direct them to an online form. They will be asked to provide the following information necessary to activate their subscription to JS:(机构和个人均可填写订购表格并提交付款，以开始打印和/或在线订阅。那些选择打印版本的人也可以使用在线服务。他们也可以订阅在线访问。一旦出版商收到付款，机构或个人将开始收到印刷期刊，如果他们订购印刷选项。他们将收到一封电子邮件，说明如何获得在线版本。电子邮件会把他们引向一个在线表格。他们将被要求提供以下必要的信息来激活他们的JS订阅)”可知网上订阅的流程是：提交订购表格→付款→收到邮件→激活订阅；故选B。 15．细节理解题。根据Cost of Subscriptions标题下：Student print + online栏目下，可知，北京学生的印刷帮及网络版订阅费用=包括产品费用$50+运费$35=$85。故选B。 16．细节理解题。根据Individuals部分最后一段最后一句“Without a subscription, access to tables of contents and abstracts is available.(不需要订阅，就可以访问目录和摘要表)”。故选D。 Passage6【2022•北京海淀•二模】 About 20 years ago, Daniel Hoffman, a classically trained violinist met a young musician playing in the town square in Marrakech, an ancient city in Morocco. They communicated in the little French they both knew, but their main common language was music. On the back of a motorbike of the fellow violinist, Hoffman weaved through the back streets of the city and then learned his first lessons in Andalusian music, the classical music of North Africa. That experience gave birth to an idea: What would it be like to try to learn how to play different violin styles around the world in just one week? Oh. yes, and at the end of that week, play a concert. He even got a name for the concept “musical extreme sports”. It took him almost two decades to launch that dream with a friend, who introduced him to the wonders of Kickstarter, a funding platform for creative projects. Up to now, the dream has taken the form of a new documentary currently airing on American public television stations called “Otherwise, It’s Just Firewood.” In the documentary, Hoffman travels to County Clare, Ireland, where he takes lessons with James Kelly, a master Irish violin player, for less than a week and then performs together with him in front of an audience, many of whom are star Irish musicians. The film is what Hoffman hopes will be the first of an eventual series of short documentaries, showing him learning to play the violin in a variety of styles, including the folk music of south India, Sweden, Greece, Romania, and West Virginia. That would add to his extensive repertoire (全部曲目), which already includes Balkan, Middle Eastern, and Turkish styles. “The big joke is what’s the difference between the fiddle and the violin? It’s the person who plays it,” says Niall Keegan, a traditional flute player. “It’s the music you make on it that makes it Irish or English or French or classical or jazz or whatever else. It’s how we imagine it and how we create through it that make it and give it character.” “Otherwise, it’s just firewood,” he says, words that became the film’s title. 17．Where does Hoffman’s idea of musical extreme sports come from? A．His exploration of the local music. B．His cooperation with the young violinist. C．His sightseeing tour on a motorbike seat. D．His constantly changing taste in violin styles. 18．According to the passage, the series of documentaries ________. A．help Hoffman to become a master violin player B．are funded by American public television stations C．introduce different styles of musicians around the world D．record Hoffman’s experience in learning various violin styles 19．The title of the documentary “Otherwise, It’s Just Firewood” is used to emphasize ________. A．the power of diversified artistic expression B．the pleasure in learning traditional music C．the technique of instrument playing D．the importance of famous artists 【答案】17．A 18．D 19．A 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小提琴家Daniel Hoffman尝试学习如何演奏世界各地不同风格的小提琴，并将这段经历拍成了纪录片。 17．细节理解题。根据第一段“On the back of a motorbike of the fellow violinist, Hoffman weaved through the back streets of the city and then learned his first lessons in Andalusian music, the classical music of North Africa. (坐在小提琴手同伴的摩托车后座上，霍夫曼穿梭于城市的后街，然后开始学习安达卢西亚音乐，这是北非的古典音乐。)”和第二段“That experience gave birth to an idea: What would it be like to try to learn how to play different violin styles around the world in just one week? Oh. yes, and at the end of that week, play a concert. He even got a name for the concept ‘musical extreme sports’. (这段经历让我产生了一个想法：在短短一周的时间里，尝试学习如何演奏世界各地不同风格的小提琴，会是什么感觉?哦。是的，在那个周末，开一场音乐会。他甚至为“音乐极限运动”这个概念取了个名字。)”可知，霍夫曼关于音乐极限运动的想法来自于对北非当地音乐的探索。故选A。 18．细节理解题。根据第五段“The film is what Hoffman hopes will be the first of an eventual series of short documentaries, showing him learning to play the violin in a variety of styles, including the folk music of south India, Sweden, Greece, Romania, and West Virginia. (霍夫曼希望这部电影能成为一系列短纪录片的第一部，展示他如何学习以各种风格拉小提琴，包括南印度、瑞典、希腊、罗马尼亚和西弗吉尼亚州的民间音乐。)”可知，这个系列纪录片记录了霍夫曼学习各种小提琴风格的经历。故选D。 19．推理判断题。根据第六段“‘The big joke is what’s the difference between the fiddle and the violin? It’s the person who plays it,’ says Niall Keegan, a traditional flute player. ‘It’s the music you make on it that makes it Irish or English or French or classical or jazz or whatever else. It’s how we imagine it and how we create through it that make it and give it character.’ (“最大的笑话是fiddle和violin有什么区别?”，传统长笛演奏家尼尔·基根说：“是你在上面演奏的音乐让它成为爱尔兰音乐、英国音乐、法国音乐、古典音乐、爵士乐或其他任何音乐。是我们如何想象它，如何通过它创造，成就并赋予了它个性。”)”可推知，小提琴的价值在于多元的艺术表现，你在上面演奏的音乐赋予它个性，“否则，它就是一根木柴”，所以纪录片的标题“Otherwise, It’s Just Firewood”强调了多元艺术表达的力量。故选A。 Passage7【2022•北京西城•二模】 GRANDPARENTS WILL LOVE THESE GADGETSGrandparents deserve the finer things in life. Now it’s time to reward your loved ones with some great gifts. To help family shoppers out, we’ve put together a list of gadgets that won’t break the bank. These gifts for grandparents make everything more enjoyable. Money can’t buy happiness, but sometimes it can help promote your connection. 001 // FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO LOVE TO READ All-new Kindle Paperwhite is a worthwhile upgrade for grandparents who like reading e-books. This version features a larger 6.8-inch display and adjustable warm light. Grandparents will have no trouble operating it. The new one provides 32GB—plenty of space for favorite book titles. Price: 32GB—$190（an additional $20 for the ad-free version） 002 // FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO ARE FAR AWAY Being apart from children and grandchildren is difficult, but Filimin Friendship Lamps can ensure grandparents are never out of mind even if they’re out of sight. Each family member connects the Friendship Lamp to Wi-Fi. It takes little effort to set up and use. Keep one, give the other to grandparents, and whenever you touch your lamp, theirs will light up too. You can customize these lamps with over 200 color options. Price: $105（10% discount if you buy on Filimin’s website） 003 // FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO ENJOY CONVENIENCE Nothing beats a warm cup of coffee on a freezing winter morning, and the Ember Temperature Control Smart Mug keeps drinks at the perfect temperature no matter how long it takes grandma or grandpa to enjoy their coffee or tea. It hardly requires any complex steps to use. The temperature can be controlled via smartphone app. Purchase it in our physical stores today. Price: $99.95（$180 for two） 004 // FOR GRANDPARENTS WHO LOSE THINGS Nothing is more frustrating than being ready to go somewhere important and being unable to find the car keys. Esky makes lost keys a thing of the past. Four receivers can be attached to grandparents’ most treasured items. By just pressing the color-coded button on the transmitter, grandparents can be led to lost items by a beeping sound. You can order it on Amazon. Price: $24.99（$20 in May） 20．What information can we get from the advertisement? A．The Ember Mug can keep drinks warm for a limited time. B．It is impossible to skip advertisements while using Kindle Paperwhite. C．Users know their family are thinking of them when the Friendship Lamp is on. D．Clicking a button on the Esky receiver enables users to find things they’ve lost. 21．What feature do the four products have in common? A．Online availability. B．Easy operation. C．Special discount. D．Smartphone control. 22．Who is this advertisement intended for? A．Family members wanting to buy gifts for their elders. B．Sales people studying grandparents’ preferences. C．Companies selling products to elderly people. D．Grandparents favoring advanced technology. 【答案】20．C 21．B 22．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。广告介绍了可以赠送给长辈的四件礼物。 20．推理判断题。根据方框三产品002中“Being apart from children and grandchildren is difficult, but Filimin Friendship Lamps can ensure grandparents are never out of mind even if they’re out of sight. (与孩子和孙子孙女分开是很困难的，但Filimin友谊灯可以确保祖父母永远不会忘记他们，即使他们不在眼前。)”以及“Keep one, give the other to grandparents, and whenever you touch your lamp, theirs will light up too. (保留一盏，另一盏给祖父母，每当你触摸你的灯，他们的灯也会亮起来。)”可知，当友谊灯亮起时，用户知道他们的家人在想他们。故选C项。 21．细节理解题。根据产品001中“Grandparents will have no trouble operating it. (祖父母操作它不会有问题。)”、002中“It takes little effort to set up and use. (设置和使用它几乎不需要什么努力。)”、003中“It hardly requires any complex steps to use. (它几乎不需要使用任何复杂的步骤。)”和004中“By just pressing the color-coded button on the transmitter, grandparents can be led to lost items by a beeping sound. (只需按下发射器上的彩色编码按钮，祖父母就可以通过哔哔声找到丢失的物品。)”可知，四种产品的共同特点是操作简单。故选B项。 22．推理判断题。通读全文，根据方框一GRANDPARENTS WILL LOVE THESE GADGETS(祖父母会喜欢这些小玩意儿的)中“Grandparents deserve the finer things in life. Now it’s time to reward your loved ones with some great gifts. (祖父母应该得到生活中更好的东西。现在是时候用一些很棒的礼物来奖励你所爱的人了。)”可知，这则广告是为想给长辈买礼物的家庭成员设计的。故选A项。 Passage8【2022•北京西城•二模】 My name is Stella Young. I grew up in a very small country town in Victoria. I had a very normal, low-key kind of upbringing. I went to school; I hung out with my friends; I fought with my younger sisters. It was all very normal. And when I was 15, a member of my local community approached my parents and wanted to submit my name for a community achievement award. My parents said, “Hmm, that’s really nice, but there’s kind of one obvious problem with that. She hasn’t actually achieved anything.” And they were right. You know I went to school, I got good marks, and I had a very low-key after-school job in my mum’s hairdressing salon. Years later, I was on my second teaching round in a Melbourne high school, and I was about 20 minutes into a year-11 Legal Studies class when a boy put up his hand and said, “Hey Miss, when are you going to start your speech?” And I said, “What speech?” And he said, “You know, like, your motivational speaking. You know, when people in wheelchairs come to school, they usually say, like, inspirational stuff. It’s usually in the big hall.” And that was the moment I realized that this kid had only ever experienced disabled people as objects of inspiration. For lots of us, disabled people are not our teachers or our doctors. We’re not real people. We are there to inspire. Yeah, we’ve been sold the lie that disability is a bad thing, and to live with a disability makes you exceptional. It’s not a bad thing, and it doesn’t make you exceptional. And in the past few years, we’ve been able to spread this lie even further through social media. Life as a disabled person is actually somewhat difficult. We do overcome some things. But they have nothing to do with our bodies. I use the term “disabled people” purposely, because I subscribe to what’s called the social model of disability. This model tells us that we are more disabled by the society that we live in than by our bodies and our diagnoses（诊断）. I want to live in a world where we don’t have such low expectations of disabled people that we are congratulated for getting out of bed and remembering our own names in the morning. I want to live in a world where we value disabled people’s real achievement. And I want to live in a world where a year-11 kid in a Melbourne high school is not one bit surprised that his new teacher is a wheelchair user. 23．What can we learn from Stella Young in the first paragraph? A．She couldn’t get along well with her friends and sisters. B．She played a key role at her mum’s hairdressing salon. C．She received an award for a great achievement. D．She lived an ordinary life in a country town. 24．What can we infer from the dialogue between Stella Young and the boy? A．The boy didn’t have much life experience. B．People have fixed ideas about the disabled. C．The disabled can’t find decent jobs because they are incapable. D．Stella Young felt uncomfortable because of the boy’s impoliteness. 25．According to the passage, Stella Young may agree that ______. A．social media offends the public by spreading lies about the disabled B．the disabled are less likely to be successful in their careers C．society’s attitude makes disabled people’s life difficult D．people’s expectations of the disabled are too high 26．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．On the journey to becoming exceptional B．The secret behind my disability C．Show sympathy to the disabled D．I’m not your inspiration 【答案】23．D 24．B 25．C 26．D 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者是一位残疾人，在许多人的眼中，残疾人是给人们激励的演讲人，作者认为这是对残疾人的一种误解，残疾人也是正常人，也希望过着正常人的生活，不希望标签化。 23．细节理解题。根据第一段“I grew up in a very small country town in Victoria. I had a very normal, low-key kind of upbringing. I went to school; I hung out with my friends; I fought with my younger sisters. It was all very normal.”（我在维多利亚州一个很小的乡村小镇长大。我的成长过程非常正常、低调。我去上学了；我和朋友们出去玩；我和妹妹们打架了。一切都很正常。）可知Stella Young在乡下过着普通的生活。故选D项。 24．推理判断题。根据第五段斯特拉·杨和男孩之间的对话内容以及“And that was the moment I realized that this kid had only ever experienced disabled people as objects of inspiration.”（就在那一刻，我意识到这个孩子只经历过残疾人作为灵感的对象。）可知我们可以从斯特拉·杨和男孩之间的对话中推断，人们对残疾人有着固定的看法。故选B项。 25．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Life as a disabled person is actually somewhat difficult. We do overcome some things. But they have nothing to do with our bodies. I use the term “disabled people” purposely, because I subscribe to what’s called the social model of disability. This model tells us that we are more disabled by the society that we live in than by our bodies and our diagnoses（诊断）.”（残疾人的生活其实有些困难。我们确实克服了一些困难。但它们与我们的身体无关。我故意使用“残疾人”这个词，因为我认同所谓的残疾社会模式。这个模型告诉我们，我们生活的社会比我们的身体和诊断更加残疾。）可知Stella Young可能同意社会的态度让残疾人的生活变得困难。故选C项。 26．标题判断题。根据最后一段“I want to live in a world where we don’t have such low expectations of disabled people that we are congratulated for getting out of bed and remembering our own names in the morning. I want to live in a world where we value disabled people’s real achievement. And I want to live in a world where a year-11 kid in a Melbourne high school is not one bit surprised that his new teacher is a wheelchair user.”（我想生活在这样一个世界里，我们对残疾人的期望不会如此之低，以至于我们早上起床并记住自己的名字而受到祝贺。我想生活在一个重视残疾人真正成就的世界里。我想生活在这样一个世界里，一个墨尔本高中11岁的孩子对他的新老师是轮椅使用者一点也不感到惊讶。）结合全文大意，可知本文的主题可以是以作者发生的这个故事话题“I’m not your inspiration”（我不是你的鼓舞人心的人）。故选D项。 Passage9【2022•北京西城•二模】 Usually when someone is disgusted by something, he feels it is unpleasant and stays away from it, so disgust mostly protects people from getting sick. However, getting a little dirty can have its advantages. Studies show that kids under age one who physically interact with a dog will have a 13% reduction in the likelihood of developing asthma, a breathing problem. In the late 1860s, Charles Darwin proposed that being disgusted could have a developmental purpose. 27 He guessed that the early humans most likely to feel disgusted survived to pass on their genes (基因), while the more nutritionally daring died off. 28 It wasn’t until the early 1990s, a time when gameshows eagerly slimed contestants, that disgust got more attention in psychological and behavioral research. Since then, scientists have identified different types of disgust and have explored how they affect the way we behave. The research shows that Darwin was basically right: disgust is a major part of the behavioral immune system that protects people from disease, a collection of actions influenced by some of the most natural reactions that keep our bodies in superior condition. We already know that not all germs (病菌) are bad for us. 29 Science also tells us that getting a bit dirty helps people more readily fight disease. “Disgust is associated with fewer infections, so it is a helpful emotion in disease-relevant contexts,” says Joshua Ackerman, an associate professor of psychology at the University of Michigan. However, he says it can be a double-edged sword. 30 And some of those things could actually improve our health. 31 Disgust is part of society’s balance. Too little, and we might get sick. Too much of it can harm our health. Figuring out this complex problem could help researchers understand a variety of human behaviors. A．They work with our body to maintain a balance. B．They were quite certain that being disgusted could benefit people. C．Nobody is quite sure whether disgust is a positive or negative thing. D．For many years afterward, though, scientists didn’t pay much attention to disgust. E．What he means is that it’s also associated with dislike for unfamiliar things, like food. F．Disgust became advanced to prevent our ancestors from eating spoiled food that might kill them. G．Researchers across fields continue to explore disgust so we can better understand our world and ourselves. 【答案】27．F 28．D 29．A 30．E 31．G 【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讲述厌恶感有时候也是有好处的。 27．根据上文“In the late 1860s, Charles Darwin proposed that being disgusted could have a developmental purpose. (在19世纪60年代后期，查尔斯·达尔文提出，厌恶可能有一个发展的目的)”可知，这里提到达尔文提出，厌恶可能有一个发展的目的，所以接下来，文章就要提到发展的目的是什么。选项F“为了防止我们的祖先食用可能会杀死他们的变质食物，厌恶感变得更加严重。”和上文意思一致。故选F。 28．根据下文“It wasn’t until the early 1990s, a time when gameshows eagerly slimed contestants, that disgust got more attention in psychological and behavioral research. (直到20世纪90年代早期，当时运动员们热切地向选手们展示瘦身，厌恶感才在心理学和行为学研究中得到更多关注)”可知，在20世纪90年代之前，厌恶感并没有得到太多关注。选项D“然而，之后的很多年里，科学家们并没有注意到厌恶感。”和下文意思一致。故选D。 29．根据上文“We already know that not all germs (病菌) are bad for us. (我们已经知道，并不是所有的病菌对我们来说但是坏的)”可知，接下来要提到有些病菌是好的。选项A“它们和我们的身体一起工作，以保持平衡。”和上文意思一致。故选A。 30．根据上文“However, he says it can be a double-edged sword. (然而，他说，它可能是把双刃剑)”可知，接下来要解释他说是双刃剑指的是什么。选项E“他的意思是，这也与不喜欢不熟悉的东西有关，比如食物。”和上文意思一致。故选E。 31．根据下文“Figuring out this complex problem could help researchers understand a variety of human behaviors. (弄清楚这个复杂的问题可以帮助研究人员理解人类的各种行为)”可知，这里提到很多研究人员在一起研究厌恶感，就是为了更好的理解人类的各种行为，最终可以更好的理解世界和我们人类自己。选项G“各个领域的研究人员继续研究厌恶感，这样我们就能更好地理解我们的世界和我们自己。”和下文意思一致。故选G。 Passage10【2022•北京东城•二模】 A poetry competition has been launched for pupils. It invites young people to reflect on the “many ways we are connected to the universe”. The competition is aimed at pupils aged 4 to 18 and is part of a national celebration of creativity taking place across the UK throughout 2023. The winning entries will be featured in a multimedia live projection show, which will visit multiple locations around the UK from March to May 2023. This outdoor show will include submissions from the competition and run for a week in each location. Winners will also receive a range of other prizes, including books and chocolate, plus continued development and coaching opportunities from the Poetry Society. The rules are as follows: ·The competition is free to enter. Entries will be accepted from anywhere in the UK. Entries from outside the UK are not accepted. If you are aged 4 — 12, your parent will need to give permission for you to enter. ·Your entry must be the original work of the creator. Your work is accepted on the basis that this will be its first appearance anywhere in the world. ·Poems must be written in English or Welsh, but you can include phrases in your mother tongue or another language. Poems must not be longer than 20 lines. You are free to write in any style or form. ·You may enter either online via the website or by post to the Poetry Society, 22 Betterton Street, London. All online entries must be received by 23:59 GMT on 19 December 2022. All poems entered by post must be post-dated on or before 19 December 2022. If you would like to enter online, please continue through the online system on this website. Email AboutUs@poetrysociety. org if you are having problems with your submission. 32．What is the theme of the competition? A．National celebration. B．Reflection on creativity. C．Young people’s talents. D．Connectivity to the universe. 33．What will be awarded to the winners? A．A free tour around the UK. B．Membership of the Poetry Society. C．Books, chocolate and prize money. D．A chance to present their works in a show. 34．According to the rules, participants . A．can submit entries by email B．must write within the line limit C．may enter their published poems D．should ask parents for permission 【答案】32．D 33．D 34．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个诗歌比赛的情况以及参赛规则。 32．细节理解题。根据第一段中“It invites young people to reflect on the “many ways we are connected to the universe”.(它邀请年轻人思考“我们与宇宙联系的许多方式”)”可知，比赛的主题是与宇宙的联系。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The winning entries will be featured in a multimedia live projection show, which will visit multiple locations around the UK from March to May 2023. (获奖作品将在2023年3月至5月期间在英国多个地方进行多媒体现场投影展示)”可知，获胜者将获得在展览中展示他们作品的机会。故选D。 34．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Poems must not be longer than 20 lines.(诗歌不得超过20行)”可知，根据规定，参赛者必须在限定的行内书写。故选B。 Passage11【2022•北京东城•二模】 American Jake Pinnick comes from a small town called Kewanee. Pinnick said when he told friends and family he wanted to go to the Wudang Kungfu Academy in China, the response was typical. "It's not a usual thing to say, but it is pretty normal for kids to want to get out of a place like Kewanee. Most kids say something like they want to move to Hollywood and become an actor, " said the 30-year-old. “When I first thought about it, it was daydreaming for myself, too.” Once he found himself at the academy, Pinnick said fitting in was softened by other foreigners who were in the area and a part of the school. Getting used to the way of life was surprisingly easy given the peaceful nature to it. Pinnick said after a while, he found himself more at home in Wudang than he ever felt back home in Kewanee. Locals were more than welcoming and willing to engage. “The culture shock wasn't that bad. Surprisingly, I find I have more of that going back to America now... learning the language did take some time, but everyone around the school was familiar with foreigners, so we had a lot of fun speaking broken English and Chinese back and forth at the start.” After he settled into a routine, Pinnick set about engaging himself in Chinese culture, including Kungfu training. He was also attracted by the philosophical tradition most well-known for the idea of living in harmony with the universe. Pinnick said he had to go home after the first six months and immediately wanted to return to China, feeling as if it had now become his home more than America, and he had begun a process of rewriting himself as a person overseas. His life now goes around training, teaching and studying. He graduated from the academy in 2014 and still helps teach there. Pinnick said the goal is to one day return to America and teach what he has learned. Looking back on his amazing journey, Pinnick said he has grown by leaps and bounds from a small-town American kid who had a daydream he could not shake. 35．What did Pinnick's family think of his idea of learning Kungfu? A．Unrealistic. B．Creative. C．Challenging. D．Disappointing. 36．What mainly helped Pinnick get used to the life in China? A．His fluent Chinese. B．The friendly local culture. C．His peaceful nature. D．Other foreign teachers there. 37．What did Pinnick gain from his experience in China? A．A career choice. B．A large fortune. C．A Kungfu certificate. D．A good reputation. 【答案】35．A 36．B 37．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个来自名叫基瓦尼的小镇的美国人杰克·平尼克，不远万里来到中国的武当功夫学院学习，经过自己的努力，克服语言和文化方面的差异，2014年顺利毕业并在那里教书的故事。 35．细节理解题。根据第二段“ "It's not a usual thing to say, but it is pretty normal for kids to want to get out of a place like Kewanee. Most kids say something like they want to move to Hollywood and become an actor, " said the 30-year-old.” “When I first thought about it, it was daydreaming for myself, too.”（这位30岁的女孩说：“这不是通常说的话，但孩子们想离开基瓦尼这样的地方是很正常的。大多数孩子说他们想搬到好莱坞，成为一名演员。”“当我第一次想到它时，我自己也在做白日梦。”）可知平尼克的家人认为他学习功夫的想法是不现实的。故选A项。 36．细节理解题。根据第三段“Pinnick said after a while, he found himself more at home in Wudang than he ever felt back home in Kewanee. Locals were more than welcoming and willing to engage. ”（平尼克说，过了一会儿，他发现自己在武当的家比在科瓦尼的家更自在。当地人非常欢迎并愿意参与。）可知友好的当地文化主要帮助平尼克适应了中国的生活。故选B项。 37．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Looking back on his amazing journey, Pinnick said he has grown by leaps and bounds from a small-town American kid who had a daydream he could not shake.”（回顾他那令人惊叹的旅程，平尼克说，他已经从一个小镇上的美国孩子成长为一个有着无法撼动的白日梦的人。）可知平尼克从他在中国的经历中获得了职业选择。故选A项。 Passage12【2022•北京昌平•二模】 After a two-year pause, our summer program in Madrid is back. A tradition of 62 years has made Rollins’ Verano Espanol the most popular abroad program on campus. Program Highlights： •Earn 8 Rollins credit hours (two courses) in 6 weeks •Small class sizes, 8 students max. per class •All levels of Spanish proficiency allowed (from nothing to advanced) •Stay at a centrally located dorm •Full orientation during arrival weekend: Airport pick up, transportation to the dorms •Internship (实习) option/Included weekend long trip to the scenic mountain town of Candelario/weekly cultural activities Verano Espanol: a Rollins Tradition •Rollins’ Verano Espanol (Spanish Summer) celebrates its 62nd anniversary and is one of the oldest and most prestigious American summer study programs in Spain. •INB students: Do you know that you can complete your language, international experience and internship requirements in just 6 weeks in Madrid? •Internships available at IFEMA, the Trade Fair Institution of Madrid, with over 30 year experience of staging trade fairs, it is the most important of its kind in Spain and one of the leaders in Europe. Verano Espaiol: Why Madrid? For its unique blend of culture, history, food, and fun, Marid is one of the world’s top destinations. It is one of the world’s most lively cities, with unparalleled cultural offerings and a vibrant nightlife. According to Lonely Planet, ‌“No city on earth is more alive than Madrid, an attractive place whose sheer energy carries a simple message: this is one city which really knows how to live.” Last information session: Thursday, Feb. 10th. Bieberbach-Reed (Campus Center, by the Marketplace). Stop by anytime between 12:30 — 1:30 pm. Program application deadline: March 28, 2022 Program Travel Dates:14 May — 25 June, 2022 Additional Information: http://www. rollins.edu/international-programs Contact Dr. Alberto Prieto-Calixto: apcalixto@rollins.edu 38．By participating in the program, you can __________. A．take classes with big size B．live at the countryside dorm C．enjoy trips during weekdays D．gain the opportunity for internship 39．According to Lonely Planet, Madrid is chosen as the program’s destination mainly for its __________. A．climate B．location C．culture D．scenery 40．When will the program get started according to the passage? A．On February 10th. B．On March 28th. C．On May 14th. D．On June 25th. 【答案】38．D 39．C 40．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是一个在马德里的西班牙语课程。 38．细节理解题。根据Program Highlights部分的“•Internship (实习) option/Included weekend long trip to the scenic mountain town of Candelario/weekly cultural activities (•实习选择/包括周末前往风景优美的山城Candelario的长途旅行/每周的文化活动)”可知，通过参与该项目，你可以获得实习机会，故选D。 39．推理判断题。根据Verano Espaiol: Why Madrid?部分的“No city on earth is more alive than Madrid, an attractive place whose sheer energy carries a simple message: this is one city which really knows how to live. (地球上没有哪个城市比马德里更有活力，一个充满吸引力的地方，其纯粹的能量传递着一个简单的信息：这是一个真正懂得如何生活的城市。)”可知，据《孤独星球》报道，马德里被选为该项目的目的地主要是因为它的文化，故选C。 40．细节理解题。根据Program Travel Dates部分的“14May-25June, 2022 (活动时间：2022年5月14日至6月25日)”可知，这个项目5月14日开始，故选C。 Passage13【2022•北京昌平•二模】 It started as a typical hot, dusty morning in a small town in the Peten region of Guatemala. As the morning progressed, the town became crowded with people streaming in from miles around. Some came by bus, others on motorcycles, bicycles and on foot. Filled with hope, they had come to attend a Seva-sponsored screening camp organized by our longtime local partner Visualiza. Word traveled quickly that the team had returned, offering free care to anyone with an eye problem. Over two days,700 people waited patiently to have their eyes examined at the temporary clinic that had been set up in the center of town. The first morning, the line spilled out of the front door. Many sought shelter from the unrelenting sun beneath umbrellas. A mother brought her nine-year-old daughter Wendy, hoping the doctors could restore sight to her blind eye. Five years ago, Wendy had lost vision in her eye after accidentally being bumped in the head while playing with friends. Making their way through the series of exam stations, Wendy and her mother learned that Visualiza’s ophthalmologists might be able to help her see again by operating on her eye. The doctors informed them that a cataract (白内障) that had formed after the injury was causing her vision loss. Wendy was scheduled for surgery, which would take place the next morning at Visualiza’s outreach clinic. Transportation was arranged for Wendy and her mother, along with all of the other patients who had been identified as requiring sight-restoring surgery. Of the 25 patients who boarded the clinic’s bus, Wendy was the only child. The next morning after a successful surgery, the eye patch was removed and Wendy slowly opened her eyes. For the first few days, Wendy’s vision was a little blurry. But after being fitted with a pair of prescription glasses, Wendy’s follow-up exam showed that her vision had come back nicely and the surgery had been a great success! With vision restored, Wendy can now see clearly and is excited to be returning to school. Thanks to Seva donors, Wendy’s future is bright and full of potential. 41．How did people feel when waiting to have their eyes examined? A．Hopeful. B．Nervous. C．Impatient. D．Thankful. 42．Wendy lost her vision because _______________. A．she kept looking at the sun for a long time B．she had her head bumped by accident C．she had a failed operation on eyes D．she was born with an eye disease 43．What mainly contributes to Wendy’s happy ending? A．The fast transportation. B．The prescription glasses. C．The successful surgery. D．The follow-up exam. 44．What message does the author want to express? A．Treasure your sight before it’s getting worse. B．Helping those in need makes a difference. C．Opportunity favors the prepared mind. D．Free yourself from the dark time. 【答案】41．A 42．B 43．C 44．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了由Seva赞助的筛选营为人们提供帮助，让一个九岁的女孩温迪恢复视力，拥有光明未来的故事。 41．推理判断题。根据第二段“Over two days,700 people waited patiently to have their eyes examined at the temporary clinic that had been set up in the center of town.(在两天的时间里，700人耐心地等待着在市中心设立的临时诊所接受眼睛检查。)”可知，人们耐心地排队等待检查眼睛，希望恢复健康，由此可推知，人们在等待时是充满希望的。故选A项。 42．细节理解题。根据第三段“Five years ago, Wendy had lost vision in her eye after accidentally being bumped in the head while playing with friends.(五年前，温迪在和朋友玩耍时头部意外被撞伤，导致眼睛失明。)”可知，温迪眼睛失明是因为她不小心撞到了头。故选B项。 43．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The next morning after a successful surgery, the eye patch was removed and Wendy slowly opened her eyes. For the first few days, Wendy’s vision was a little blurry. But after being fitted with a pair of prescription glasses, Wendy’s follow-up exam showed that her vision had come back nicely and the surgery had been a great success!(手术成功后的第二天早上，眼罩被移除，温迪慢慢睁开了眼睛。最初几天，温迪的视力有点模糊。但在配戴了一副处方眼镜后，温迪的后续检查显示她的视力恢复得很好，手术非常成功！)”可知，温迪的视力恢复得很好，获得了幸福的结局，是因为她的手术非常成功。故选C项。 44．推理判断题。根据最后一段“With vision restored, Wendy can now see clearly and is excited to be returning to school. Thanks to Seva donors, Wendy’s future is bright and full of potential.(视力恢复后，温迪现在能看得很清楚，很高兴能回到学校。多亏了Seva捐赠者，温迪的未来是光明的，充满潜力。)”可知，在Seva的帮助下，急需帮助的温迪恢复了视力，获得了光明的未来，所以作者通过本文想要表达帮助那些需要帮助的人会产生影响。故选B项。 Passage14【2022•北京丰台•二模】 Picnic Shelter Reservations Vancouver Parks and Recreation maintains four covered picnic shelters that are available for reservation at the following parks: ●Fisher Basin Community Park ●Leroy Haagen Memorial Park ●Marine Community Park ●Marshall Community Park Picnic shelters are available to reserve between May 1 and September 30 each year. Reservations are for the entire day with a reservation fee of $100. When not reserved, shelters are available for free. Reserve a picnic shelter by calling 360-487-7100. Shelter Reservation Cancellation Policy If canceled one month or more before the rental date, 100% of the fee will be refunded. If canceled 1-4 weeks before the rental date, 75% of the fee will be refunded. No refunds will be granted if the reservation is canceled less than one week prior to the rental date. Frequently Asked Questions Q: Is there a way to find out if an event is already scheduled at a park? Yes. Contact Marshall Community Center at 360-487-7100 to find out about events taking place in our parks. Q：What amenities (设施) are included with a picnic shelter reservation? Reservations include use of all picnic tables located within the shelter and electricity (there is no electricity at Marine Park). Playground amenities and restrooms will be shared with the public. Park Use Permits Depending on the type of event you’re hosting, you will need to get a Park Use Permit from Vancouver Parks and Recreation. A Park Use Permit gives you permission to bring special items and equipment into the park. 45．If you cancel 3 weeks before the rental date, how much money will you get back? A．$100. B．$75. C．$25. D．$0. 46．According to the passage, Vancouver picnic shelters _________. A．don’t allow visitors to host events B．don’t offer picnic tables or electricity C．are available to reserve all year round D．can be used for free when not reserved 47．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain the rules of park management. B．To recommend shelters of different parks. C．To introduce the functions of picnic shelters. D．To provide information of shelter reservations. 48．Where is this passage most likely from? A．A book review. B．A news report. C．A travel brochure. D．A science journal. 【答案】45．B 46．D 47．D 48．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍的是如何预定温哥华公园和娱乐中心的野餐庇护所，包括预定费用、取消预定政策、和常见问题等。 45．细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Reservations are for the entire day with a reservation fee of $100.”（预订是一整天的，预订费为100美元。）可知，预订费为100美元，根据“Shelter Reservation Cancellation Policy”部分关键句“If canceled 1-4 weeks before the rental date, 75% of the fee will be refunded.”（如果在租赁日期前1-4周取消，将退还75%的费用。）可知，如果在租赁日期前1-4周取消预定，将退还75%的费用，也就是75美元，由此可知，如果你在租赁日期前三周取消，你能拿回75美元。故选B项。 46．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Vancouver Parks and Recreation maintains four covered picnic shelters that are available for reservation at the following parks.”（温哥华公园和娱乐中心有四个带顶的野餐庇护所，可在以下公园预订。）和第二段关键句“When not reserved, shelters are available for free.”（如果没有预订，庇护所将免费使用。）可知，本文主要介绍的是温哥华公园和娱乐中心的野餐庇护所，如果这些庇护所没有被预订，可以被免费使用，由此可知，温哥华野餐庇护所未被预订时可免费使用。故选D项。 47．推理判断题。通读文章，结合第一段关键句“Vancouver Parks and Recreation maintains four covered picnic shelters that are available for reservation at the following parks.”（温哥华公园和娱乐中心有四个带顶的野餐庇护所，可在以下公园预订。）可知，本文主要介绍的是如何预定温哥华公园和娱乐中心的野餐庇护所，包括预定费用、取消预定政策、和常见问题等，由此可知，这篇文章的主要目的是提供关于野餐庇护所预订的信息。故选D项。 48．推理判断题。通读文章，结合文章题目“Picnic Shelter Reservations”（野餐庇护所预定）可知，本文主要介绍的是如何预定野餐庇护所，人们一般是在旅行或出门游玩时进行野餐，由此可知，这篇文章与旅行和闲暇活动有关，最有可能出自一本旅行手册。故选C项。 Passage15【2022•北京丰台•二模】 From sausage rolls to sweets and a coffee with a bin, there were many things that made Greg Robinson smile. When the father-of-two, who was in his 50s, died suddenly in April 2021, his family’s life was turned upside down. Greg ran a gift shop in his hometown of Donaghadce. Whether it was at work, walking the dog, with his local flute band or just out in his belayed town, his family said Greg made time for those in need. Now, on the week of his first anniversary, his family shared some of the things that made him smile with their community. “We wanted to plan something together that allowed us to put our energy into something positive and give us something practical to do, which we knew would have an impact on others,” they told the reporter. “We knew that by making others smile, we in turn would feel the benefit of that too. We have realised the importance of little things that have made us smile throughout the past year.” As Greg loved his town and the community, all the gifts were purchased locally. Among them are vouchers (代金券) for a bakery, for some of his favourite sausage rolls, an ice-cream shop where he used to buy a quarter of sweets, and a cafe because “a wee coffee and a bun would have made dad’s face light up with excitement”. “When someone dies, it is often the case that people are scared to mention the loved one in case it makes you sad, but the journey has taught us that this isn’t the case. The wonderful memories of dad shared by our community bring so much comfort,” his family said. “We love those times when we hear how dad had impacted their lives, from showing kindness as a teenager at high school, to chatting away to customers in his shop,” they added. For Greg’s children, they will be forever grateful for their dad teaching them “to focus on the positive parts of the day, looking for ways that we can express gratitude for everyday things”. 49．What do we know about Greg from the first three paragraphs? A．Greg was often ready to help others. B．Greg had a great passion for cooking. C．Greg earned his living by playing in a band. D．Greg’s death had little impact on his family. 50．How did the community react after receiving the gifts? A．They gathered and comforted Greg’s family. B．They expressed sadness about Greg’s death. C．They were still afraid to talk about Greg. D．They shared good memories of Greg. 51．What would be the best title for this passage? A．An Act of Kindness in Memory of Greg B．Unusual Ways to Thank Greg’s Community C．A Huge Celebration of Greg’s Family Reunion D．Special Gifts to Record the Family Life of Greg 【答案】49．A 50．D 51．A 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了格雷格生前喜欢帮助别人，在他去世后，他的家人把他当作榜样，购买礼物，送给社区有需要的人，以这种方式来纪念格雷格。 49．细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“Greg ran a gift shop in his hometown of Donaghadce. Whether it was at work, walking the dog, with his local flute band or just out in his belayed town, his family said Greg made time for those in need.”（格雷格在他的家乡多纳加德开了一家礼品店。无论是在工作、遛狗、和当地的长笛乐队一起演奏，还是仅仅在他居住的小镇上，他的家人说格雷格为那些需要帮助的人腾出了时间。）可知，格雷格经常会花费时间去帮助那些需要帮助的人，由此可知，从前三段中我们可以得知格雷格经常乐于帮助别人。故选A项。 50．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段内容““When someone dies, it is often the case that people are scared to mention the loved one in case it makes you sad, but the journey has taught us that this isn’t the case. The wonderful memories of dad shared by our community bring so much comfort,” his family said.”（他的家人说：“当有人去世时，人们往往害怕提及所爱的人，以免让你伤心，但这段旅程告诉我们，情况并非如此。我们社区分享的对父亲的美好回忆给我们带来了很多安慰。”）可知，收到礼物后，社区分享了对父亲的美好回忆，这给家人带来了很多安慰，由此可知，收到礼物后，社区分享了他们关于格雷格的美好回忆。故选D项。 51．主旨大意题。通读文章，结合倒数第四段关键句“As Greg loved his town and the community, all the gifts were purchased locally.”（由于格雷格热爱他的城镇和社区，所有的礼物都是在当地购买的。）可知，文章讲述了格雷格生前喜欢帮助别人，在他去世后，他的家人把他当作榜样，购买礼物，送给社区有需要的人，以这种方式来纪念格雷格，“An Act of Kindness in Memory of Greg”意为“为纪念格雷格而做的善举”，选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选A项。 Passage16【2022•北京丰台•二模】 People’s distrust in science has led many scientists to take up arms (or at least keyboards) to defend their enterprise. But in their efforts to fight back against science denial, some scientists say things that just aren’t true-and you can’t build trust if the things you are saying are not trustworthy. One popular move is to insist that science is right-full stop-and that once we discover the truth about the world, we are done. Or, as famous physicist Steven Smith said, “Even though a scientific theory is in a sense a social consensus (共识), it is unlike any other sort of consensus in that it is culture-free and permanent.” Well, no. Even a modest familiarity with the history of science offers many examples of matters that scientists thought they had resolved, only to discover that they needed to be reconsidered. Another popular move is to say scientific findings are true because scientists use “the scientific method.” But we can never actually agree on what that method is. Some will say it is the observation and description of the world. Others will say it is the experimental method. Recently a prominent scientist claimed the scientific method was to avoid fooling oneself into thinking something is true that is not. Each of these views has its merits, but if the claim is that any one of these is the scientific method, then they all fail. In point of fact, the methods of science have varied between disciplines and across time. In my view, the biggest mistake scientists make is to claim that this is all somehow simple and therefore to imply that anyone who doesn’t get it is stupid. Science is not simple, and neither is the natural world; therein lies the challenge of science communication. What we do is both hard and, often hard to explain. Our efforts to understand and characterize the natural world  are just that: efforts. Because we’re human, we often fall flat. The good news is that when that happens, we pick ourselves up,  brush ourselves off, and get back to work. Scientific theories are not perfect replicas of reality, but we have good reason to believe that they capture significant elements of it. And experience reminds us that when we ignore reality, it sooner or later comes back to bite us. 52．Paragraph 2 stresses that _________. A．scientific theories may change with time B．the familiarity with science’s history matters C．the unresolved matters should be reconsidered D．a social consensus is culture-free and permanent 53．According to the passage, the author might agree that_________. A．it is critical for scientists to stay true to reality B．science puts an accurate interpretation on nature C．the definitions of the scientific method are outdated D．the credibility of scientific theories is underestimated 54．How does the author persuade readers in this passage? A．By stressing the importance of science. B．By comparing opposite opinions on science. C．By questioning the way scientific discoveries are made. D．By pointing out the fault in claims made by some scientists. 【答案】52．A 53．D 54．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了科学家为了捍卫科学而努力时所犯的错，而作者则认为，科学很重要，因为科学把握了现实的重要元素。 52．推理判断题。根据第二段“Even a modest familiarity with the history of science offers many examples of matters that scientists thought they had resolved, only to discover that they needed to be reconsidered.(即使对科学史稍有了解，也能找到许多这样的例子：科学家认为他们已经解决了一些问题，结果却发现这些问题需要重新考虑)”可推断，所谓的科学理论其实一直在变化。故选A。 53．推理判断题。根据第一段“People’s distrust in science has led many scientists to take up arms (or at least keyboards) to defend their enterprise.(人们对科学的不信任导致许多科学家拿起武器（或者至少是键盘）来捍卫他们的事业)”可知，人们对科学是不信任的；再根据最后一段“Scientific theories are not perfect replicas of reality, but we have good reason to believe that they capture significant elements of it.(科学理论并不是现实的完美复制品，但我们有充分的理由相信，它们捕捉到了现实的重要元素)”可知，科学是被低估了。故选D。 54．推理判断题。根据第五段“In my view, the biggest mistake scientists make is to claim that this is all somehow simple and therefore to imply that anyone who doesn’t get it is stupid.(在我看来，科学家们所犯的最大错误就是声称这一切在某种程度上都很简单，从而暗示那些不理解这一点的人都是愚蠢的)”及全文可知，文章在开头指出科学家们为反驳人们对科学的不信任而做出的努力中有不真实的部分，然后举例引出作者对于科学家犯的错的看法：他们简单化了科学和自然。最后作者提出科学很重要，因为科学把握住了现实的要素。由此可知，作者使用了科学家的错误看法作为反例来说服读者。故选D。 Passage17【2022•北京顺义•二模】 Make It Modular: Student Design Challenge! Imagine your community as a material bank, rich with resources to reuse. How could you improve the built environment by upcycling waste, circulating (循环) existing materials, or regenerating nature? Your challenge is to design a structure that meets a need in your community now but could also be repurposed later. “Designing for deconstruction” involves a modular approach in which building elements could be easily reconfigured, reimagined, and repurposed over time. Your design should: •Include an approximately 20’ long x 8’ wide x 9.6’ high volumetric module •Be relevant to one of the following uses: *Affordable Housing *Covid-era Public Space *Reimagined Outdoor Classroom •Approach the task with a real-world perspective, demonstrating skills and knowledge from one or more of the following fields: architecture, engineering, construction, and/or the skilled trades Requirements: 1. Open to students ages 13-21 and currently enrolled (入学)in high school or homeschooled. 2. All entries MUST share the entrant’s grade level in the introductory step. 3. Submissions must be entered between March 7, 2022, and June 20, 2022. If you have never posted an Instructable before, please refer to How to Write an Instructable guide for more information. The prizes are intended as scholarship funds to support the winners’ education, such as tuition, books, room & board or transportation. Entries will be judged based on the following criteria: *3D Digital Literacy (能力)and Design; *Engineering Mindset; *Real-world Relevance; *Presentation. Read the full contest rules for more details. 55．According to the passage, the designs can______. A．be used now and repurposed later B．be placed in a material bank C．be submitted on August 20, 2022 D．be related to art and literature 56．If a student has never posted an Instructable before, what should he or she do? A．Contact the organizers. B．Quit the design contest. C．Refer to an online guide. D．Read the full contest rules. 57．What can winners do with the prizes? A．To enroll in a high school. B．To pay for tuition and books. C．To polish his presentation. D．To improve the built environment. 【答案】55．A 56．C 57．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要告知学生一个模块设计比赛，包括对设计和参赛者的要求，奖金如何利用以及评判方式。 55．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Your challenge is to design a structure that meets a need in your community now but could also be repurposed later.(你面临的挑战是设计一个既能满足社区需求，又能在以后重新调整用途的结构)”可知，设计要能够满足现在使用和以后重新利用。故选A。 56．细节理解题。根据倒数第三部分“If you have never posted an Instructable before, please refer to How to Write an Instructable guide for more information.(如果你以前从未发布过可指导的指南，请参阅 How to Write an Instructable的指南以了解更多信息)”可知，如果一个学生从来没有发布过可指导的指南，那么他/她应该参阅一个在线指南。故选C。 57．细节理解题。根据倒数第二部分“The prizes are intended as scholarship funds to support the winners’ education, such as tuition, books, room & board or transportation.(奖金用于资助获奖者的教育，如学费、书费、食宿费、交通费等)”可知，获奖者可以把奖金用于支付学费、书本费和交通食宿费。故选B。 Passage18【2022•北京顺义•二模】 William Flaherty was diagnosed (诊断)with HLH when he was 3. It’s an often-fatal disease where the immune (免疫的)system attacks the body’s organs. The doctor gave William 9.5 (on a scale of 1 to 10, 1 is you’re super healthy and 10 is you’re dead), which hit the family. There were days when they didn’t know if he would live through. In April of 2008, William got a bone-marrow (骨髓)transplant from his older brother Charles. The recover from it took long. He had a lot of aftereffects and even had 22 of his teeth pulled. At five, William skied for the first time. It helped a lot with low bone density (密度)and got him back in good shape. One year later, William moved to Puerto Rico and fell in love with the island. When he brought up to represent Puerto Rico in Alpine skiing, his friends laughed. Puerto Rico doesn’t have snow. But William didn’t quit. However, it was tough for William to balance his training with medical appointments and going to school. So he did a school program totally online. He went to a lot of camps and there were lots of early mornings like 4:00 AM alarm clock. But he has managed to maintain straight As since halfway through third grade and he plans to head to college to study aerospace engineering. Even a cold can lay him up for two weeks, so William took extra pre-cautions over the last two years. While training, he wore an N95 mask the whole time and couldn’t ride the lift with anyone. After training, he came home directly, hid in his bedroom and stayed away from people. In 2022, the 17-year-old boy has had more than 30 operations. Having prepared for 7 years he finally made it to the starting line at Beijing Olympics. “Skiing is really helpful because it forces me to focus on one thing,” he said. “I really want to prove to all the other transplant survivors that they can do whatever they want in life.” 58．Why did William Flaherty start skiing at the age of five? A．To improve health. B．To entertain himself. C．To follow his family. D．To join in the Olympics. 59．Why did William decide to represent Puerto Rico in Alpine skiing? A．Because his friends supported him. B．Because he loved skiing and Puerto Rico. C．Because that could help him enter a good college. D．Because Puerto Rico had better training environment. 60．Which of the following can best describe William Flaherty? A．Brave and kind. B．Hopeful and helpful. C．Passionate and shy. D．Optimistic and hardworking. 61．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．Skiing Life of a Teenager. B．Preparing Well for the Olympics. C．Surviving from Severe Illness. D．Defeating Disease to Deliver Hope. 【答案】58．A 59．B 60．D 61．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了从小患致命疾病的William Flaherty在五岁时爱上了滑雪，通过自己的努力和坚持终于站在了2022北京冬奥会的起跑线。 58．细节理解题。根据第二段的“At five, William skied for the first time. It helped a lot with low bone density (密度) and got him back in good shape.（5岁时，威廉第一次滑雪。这对骨密度低的他很有帮助，让他恢复了良好的状态）”可知，William Flaherty在五岁时开始滑雪是为了改善健康。故选A。 59．细节理解题，根据第三段的“One year later, William moved to Puerto Rico and fell in love with the island. When he brought up to represent Puerto Rico in Alpine skiing, his friends laughed. Puerto Rico doesn’t have snow. But William didn’t quit.（一年后，威廉搬到了波多黎各，并爱上了这个岛屿。当他提出要代表波多黎各参加高山滑雪比赛时，他的朋友们都笑了。波多黎各没有雪。但是威廉并没有放弃）”可知，William Flaherty决定代表波多黎各参加高山滑雪是因为他喜欢滑雪并且也喜欢波多黎各。故选B。 60．推理判断题。根据第四段“However, it was tough for William to balance his training with medical appointments and going to school. So he did a school program totally online. He went to a lot of camps and there were lots of early mornings like 4:00 AM alarm clock. But he has managed to maintain straight As since halfway through third grade and he plans to head to college to study aerospace engineering.（然而，威廉很难在训练、医疗预约和上学之间找到平衡。因此他完全在网上上课。他去了很多营地，很多时候都是凌晨四点闹钟就响了。但从三年级开始，他的成绩一直保持在A，他计划去大学学习航空航天工程）”可知，虽然身患疾病但William Flaherty努力学习，和训练，并且学习优异，故推知，William Flaherty非常刻苦、努力。根据倒数第一段的“I really want to prove to all the other transplant survivors that they can do whatever they want in life.（我真的想向所有其他移植幸存者证明他们可以做任何他们想做的事）”可知，William Flaherty想用自己的故事鼓励其他移植幸存者，故推知，William Flaherty很乐观。故选D。 61．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了从小患致命疾病的William Flaherty在五岁时爱上了滑雪，通过自己的努力和坚持，在7年的准备后终于站在了2022北京冬奥会的起跑线。故D项“战胜疾病带来希望”可以作为最佳标题。故选D。 Passage19【2022•北京顺义•二模】 An economist, Adam Smith, famously wrote that “it is not from the benevolence (慈善)of the butcher, the brewer or the baker, that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own self-interest.” Like Smith, many economists today believe that one’s self-interest is what drives competition and growth in market economies. Yet, in an increasingly interconnected society, it is even more crucial to have collaborative skills. Thus we should encourage cooperation to better prepare children for the future. Firstly, in the present age marked by the transformative potential of technology to facilitate interactions, cooperation is an especially prized soft skill to have. As a research study proves, soft skills such as good communication and empathy consist of qualitative indicators of outstanding employees as compared to technical skills or knowledge. In contrast, excessively (过分地)competitive and individualistic behaviour may fracture social relations in the community of co-workers and since no man is an island, even the most competent employee will not be able to pursue his goals effectively without the help of others who are able to share a common vision and understanding. Moreover, encouraging cooperation increase a healthy sense of self-esteem in children that better prepares them for the competitive working world. Many modern societies today are consumed by an obsessive drive for success and the pressure to perform has infiltrated both classrooms and offices alike. The consequences of the fierce competitive culture include higher rates of anxiety and depression among university students and office workers, which are all counterproductive. Teamwork can help a maturing individual realise that each has his or her own unique set of abilities to bring to the table and that another person’s strengths do not in any way diminish (降低)the value of his or her talents. Thus, cooperation can affirm the self-worth of children by correcting the violent insight that winning or paper achievement is an exclusive (唯一)measure of success in life. However, critics may claim that in a cutthroat world, adapting to competition should be of supreme priority in education and parenting. To achieve one’s deepest ambitions, such as to become a medical student, or to create a tech start-up, one has to adopt competition by actively fighting for opportunities and distinguishing oneself from others. Nevertheless, since passion can already stimulate children to work hard to fulfill their ambitions, the need to encourage competition may be at the end of the day. As much as external competition can drive people to pursue excellence, internal motivation is at least equally or arguably even more essential, and collaboration plays an instrumental role in helping one uncover one’s tendency and motivations. 62．What can be inferred from Adam Smith’s words? A．Our society is increasingly interconnected. B．Our dinner is made out of the regards to markets. C．Self-interest pushes the development of economies. D．The butcher, the brewer or the baker is not sympathy. 63．What does the underlined word “fracture” mean in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Deepen. B．Establish. C．Maintain. D．Damage. 64．Which of the following might the author agree with? A．Paper achievement is an exclusive measure of success. B．Confidence and ambitions can be achieved through cooperation. C．Actively fighting for distinguishing oneself is a healthy competition. D．Competition is not essential for people to pursue excellence. 65．What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To introduce parents the advantages of cooperation. B．To inform parents to balance cooperation and competition. C．To persuade parents to care about their children’s education. D．To tell parents to encourage their children to learn to cooperate. 【答案】62．C 63．D 64．B 65．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章从三个方面陈述了合作精神对孩子的重要性，并呼吁父母鼓励他们的孩子学会合作。 62．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Like Smith, many economists today believe that one’s self-interest is what drives competition and growth in market economies. (像史密斯一样，今天的许多经济学家认为，在市场经济中，个人利益是推动竞争和增长的因素)”可知，像史密斯一样，今天很多经济学家认为个人利益是推动经济增长的因素。由此推知，史密斯的那句话“it is not from the benevolence (慈善)of the butcher, the brewer or the baker, that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own self-interest.(我们期待晚餐，不是因为屠夫、酿酒商或面包师的仁慈，而是因为他们对自身利益的考虑)”意在说明个人利益推动经济的发展。故选C。 63．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“As a research study proves, soft skills such as good communication and empathy consist of qualitative indicators of outstanding employees as compared to technical skills or knowledge.(一项研究表明，与技术技能或知识相比，良好的沟通和同理心等软技能构成了优秀员工的质量指标)”结合in contrast可知，下文内容应与上文形成对比。由此猜测划线部分所在句子“excessively (过分地)competitive and individualistic behaviour may fracture social relations in the community of co-workers and since no man is an island”意为“过度竞争和个人主义行为可能会破坏同事社区中的社会关系”，即fracture意为“破坏”，与damage同义。故选D。 64．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Moreover, encouraging cooperation increase a healthy sense of self-esteem in children that better prepares them for the competitive working world. (此外，鼓励合作能增进儿童的健康自尊感，使他们更好地为竞争激烈的工作世界做好准备)”和最后一段的“Nevertheless, since passion can already stimulate children to work hard to fulfill their ambitions, the need to encourage competition may be at the end of the day. As much as external competition can drive people to pursue excellence, internal motivation is at least equally or arguably even more essential, and collaboration plays an instrumental role in helping one uncover one’s tendency and motivations.(然而，既然激情已经能激励孩子们努力工作以实现他们的雄心壮志，鼓励竞争的需要可能是在一天结束的时候。就像外部竞争可以驱使人们追求卓越一样，内部动机至少是同等重要的，甚至可以说更重要，合作在帮助人们发现自己的倾向和动机方面发挥了重要作用)”推知，作者认为信心和雄心可以通过合作来实现。故选B。 65．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要说明了培养合作精神对孩子的重要性：是一种非常重要的软技能，能帮助孩子建立信心，有助于孩子实现雄心。结合第一段的“Yet, in an increasingly interconnected society, it is even more crucial to have collaborative skills. Thus we should encourage cooperation to better prepare children for the future.(然而，在一个日益相互关联的社会中，拥有协作技能更为关键。因此，我们应该鼓励合作，让儿童更好地为未来做好准备)”推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁父母鼓励他们的孩子学会合作。故选D。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$