必修第三册 UNIT 2 Making a difference(word讲义) -【赢在微点】2025年高考英语大一轮复习顶层设计高考背重点（外研版2019）

UNIT 2　Making a difference 主题语境 优秀品行 　提分背案1　背熟单词 识记单词 1.cancer 　n.癌症 2.military n.军队 3.disease n.疾病,病 4.aid v.帮助;援助 5.insight n.顿悟,猛醒 　　　　　　　 6.royal adj.王室的,皇家的 7.institution n.机构,团体 8.certificate n.证明书,证明 9.drug n.药物,药材 　　　　　　 10.fountain n.喷水池 11.ministry n. (政府的)部 12.territory n.地区,地方 13.mission n.职责,使命 拓展单词精准变形 1.contribution n.贡献;捐款;稿件;促成作用→contribute v.贡献;捐赠;撰稿;增进;是……的原因之一→contributor n.促成物;捐款者 2.relief n.减轻,缓解→relieve v.解除,减轻→relieved adj.感到宽慰的;放心的;显得开心的 3.effective adj.有效的,产生预期效果的→effect n.效果→affect v.影响 4.donate v.捐赠,捐献→donation n.捐赠,捐款→donator n.捐赠者 5.generous adj.慷慨的,大方的→generosity n.慷慨,大方→generously adv.慷慨地,大方地 6.hesitate v.迟疑,犹豫→hesitation n.犹豫→hesitant adj.迟疑的→hesitantly adv.迟疑地 7.treatment n.治疗,疗法→treat v.治疗,对待(生义) n.乐事;款待 8.further adj.更多的,附加的adv.较远,更远;进一步;(生义) vt.促进;增进→ (原级) far adj.多的→(最高级) furthest 9.confirmation n.证实,证明→confirm v.证实,证明 10.temporary adj.短期的,短暂的,临时的→temporarily adv.临时地 11.achievement n.成绩,成就→achieve v.取得→achievable adj.可完成的;可达到的 12.chief adj.最高级别的,首席的→chiefly adv.首要地,主要地 13.major adj.重要的,主要的→majority n.大部分,大多数→majorly adv.非常地;极端地 14.shortage n.短缺,不足,缺乏→short adj.不足的,短缺的→shorten v. (使)变短;缩短 15.internal adj.内部的→(反) external adj.外部的 16.extend v.持续,延伸→extension n.延伸,拓展→extensive adj.广泛的;广大的 17.foundation n.基金会→found v.创建,创办→founder n.创建者 18.sensitive adj.敏感的,容易生气的→sense n.感官,感觉;意义→senseless adj.失去知觉的;无意义的 19.perseverance n.不屈不挠,坚持不懈→persevere v.坚持;孜孜以求→persevering adj.坚韧不拔的;不屈不挠的 20.registration n.登记,注册→register v.登记,注册 21.obtain v.获得,得到→obtainable adj.可获得的;可得到的 22.recycle v.再利用,回收利用→recyclable adj.可回收利用的;可再循环的 23.reality n.真实,现实→real adj.真实的→really adv.真正地;事实上地→realize v.实现 24.disability n.残疾,残障→disabled adj.有残疾的,丧失能力的→disable v.使残疾;使丧失能力;(生义)使无效;使不能运转 25.assistance n.帮助,援助→assist v.援助→assistant n.助手 26.fund v.为……提供资金,资助→funder n.资金赞助者 27.earn v.挣(钱)→earnings n.薪水;工资;收入 单词速记法 词缀记忆法:否定前缀dis-表示“非,不,无”等 语义记忆法:名词兼用作动词 ①fund n.资金→ vt.资助 ②nurse n.护士→vt.护理,照顾 ③fool n.愚人;白痴;受骗者→vt.愚弄;欺骗 ④trick n.诡计;恶作剧;窍门→vt.欺骗;诈骗 ①advantage优点→disadvantage缺点 ②comfort舒适→discomfort不适 ③order条理;秩序→disorder混乱 ④like喜欢→dislike不喜欢 ⑤agree同意→disagree不同意 ⑥appear出现→disappear消失 ⑦obey服从→disobey不服从 1.relief n. (焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除;(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱 1)to one’s relief令某人感到欣慰的是 It is a relief to do sth.做某事很放心/舒心。 in/with relief如释重负;松了口气 What a relief!可轻松了! breathe a sigh of relief/sigh with relief松了口气 a sense of relief解脱感 2)relieve sb. of ...解除某人……方面的负担 ①We all breathed a sigh of relief when we heard they were safe.听到他们平安无事时,我们都松了口气。 ②Harry could have laughed out loud with relief.哈利一下子如释重负,差点儿放声大笑起来。 ③Much ____________ my relief, the car was not damaged.令我非常庆幸的是,车并没有损坏。 ④A ____________ (relieve) smile spread over his face.他脸上绽开了宽心的笑容。 2.hesitate vi. 犹豫;迟疑;顾虑 1)hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事 hesitate about/over (doing) sth. (做)某事犹豫不决 2)without hesitation毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事 ①If you have any questions, don’t hesitate ____________ (ask) me.如果你有任何问题,随时问我。(告知信) ②____________ hesitation she went to Simon and gave him a big hug.她毫不犹豫地朝西蒙走过去,并给了他一个大大的拥抱。 3.assistance n.帮助;援助 1)assist sb. in doing sth./assist sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事 assist (sb.) with/in sth.帮助(某人)某事 2)with the assistance of ...在……的帮助下 be of assistance to sb.有助于某人 turn to sb. for assistance向某人求助 ①I’m wondering if you could assist me in choosing/to choose the suitable topics for the class meeting.我想知道你是否能帮助我选择合适的班会主题。(2021·全国甲卷求助信) ②____________ the assistance of their father, the twins managed to make tasty breakfast.在他们爸爸的帮助下,双胞胎设法做好了美味的早餐。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷续写) 4.aid vt. (aided, aided, aiding) ①帮助;援助;资助　n.[U]②帮助;援助;资助 1)give/perform first aid进行急救 with the aid of ...在……的帮助下 come to sb.’s aid帮助某人 2)aid sb. in doing sth./aid sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事 aid sb. with/in sth.帮助某人某事 ①One of the staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid.一名工作人员见他有困难,便过来帮忙。 ②The lady was grateful that she was aided in looking after the children by her niece.女士很感激有她侄女帮她一起照看小孩。 答案:1.③to　④relieved　2.①to ask　②Without　3.②With 　提分背案2　背熟短语和句式 动词短语 1.take up　　　 　从事 2.come across 偶遇 3.escape from 逃离 4.come up with 提出 5.take in 收留,收容 6.rise to one’s feet 站起身来 7.cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来 8.break into a smile 突然笑起来 9.have an effect on 　　　　　对……产生影响 10.make contributions to 为……作贡献 11.pass away 去世 12.make a difference 有影响,有所作为 13.bring ... to one’s attention 引起某人的关注 介词短语和其他 14.be beneficial to　对……有益 15.be sensitive to 对……敏感的 16.in danger 处于危险之中 17.in reality 实际上,事实上 18.without hesitation 毫不迟疑 19.to one’s relief 令某人宽慰的是 20.with the aid of sb. 在某人帮助之下 21.for the most part 大多数情况下;主要地 5.短语1　take up 拿起;占据;开始从事;接受 take up a position担任;任职 take off脱下;起飞;事业腾飞;休假 take in吸收;理解;收留;欺骗 take over接管;接任 take on呈现;雇用;承担 take down写下;记下;拆除 take apart拆卸;拆开 ①I am convinced that I am equal to taking ____________ the position as a volunteer.我相信我能胜任一名志愿者的工作。(申请信) ②I could hardly take ____________ what the teacher said in class, which made me in low spirits.我在课堂上几乎听不懂老师所说的话,这使我情绪低落。(求助信) ③I took over the task, running the data.我接管了任务,埋头整理数据。(2022·浙江卷续写) 6.短语2　rise to one’s feet 站起身来 help sb. to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来 jump/leap/spring to one’s feet跳起来 struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来 stand on one’s own feet自立,经济上独立 stamp one’s foot/feet跺脚 set foot on/in进入;踏上 on foot步行 ①Helped to his feet, the disappointed and frustrated man stamped his feet and headed home.这个既失望又沮丧的男人被扶着站起来,他跺跺脚回家了。(续写动作描写) ②“I don’t know!”shouted Tom, leaping/jumping to his feet.“我不知道!”汤姆跳起来大叫。(续写动作描写) 7.短语3　make a difference 有作用或影响 1)make a/some/no/little difference (to ...) (对……)有/有一些/没有/几乎没有作用或影响 It makes a/no difference (to sb.)+wh-从句. (对某人)有/无影响或作用。 tell the difference (between ... and ...)辨别/区分(……与……) 2)be different from ... in ...与……在……方面不同 3)differ from ... in ...与……在……方面不同 ①____________ made no difference to me whether they pretended to have found out the truth or not.不管他们是否假装已知道真相,对我来说无关紧要。 ②Small acts of kindness can really make a positive difference to others.小善举真能给他人带来积极的影响。(续写主旨升华) ③My friends differed ____________ their attitudes to my participation in the play, making me quite annoyed.朋友们对我参与演出态度各异,这让我很恼火。(续写情感描写) 8.句式　on/upon+名词/动名词,意为“一……就……” On leaving school, Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.从学校毕业后,温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。  1)on/upon+doing/n.“当……时;一……就……,在……的时候” 2)其他表“一……就……”的句式有: ①as soon as+句子; ②由名词构成的连词: the instant/moment/minute/second+句子; ③由副词作连词: instantly/immediately/directly+句子; ④固定句式: no sooner ... than ..., hardly ... when ... ①On/Upon ____________ (see) him, I thanked my teacher with misty eyes.一看到他,我就含着泪感谢了老师。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷续写) ②The instant/minute she saw the breakfast, the mother felt a wave of happiness welling up within her.妈妈一看到早餐,就觉得很幸福。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷续写) ③No sooner had I presented our findings to the class ____________ the class burst into applause.我刚向全班展示完我们的研究成果,全班就爆发出一阵掌声。(2022·浙江卷续写) 答案:5.①up　②in　7.①It　③in　8.①seeing　③than 　提分背案3　练背读后续写满分素材 ——情感细节描写之“吃惊、惊讶” 形容词/副词 astonished, amazed, surprised, shocked, astonishing, amazing, surprising, shocking, surprisingly, amazingly, open-mouthed, wide-eyed 名词/动词 shock, astonishment, surprise, amazement, excitement, amaze, astonish 脸上闪过惊讶 ①a look of surprise spread over/flashed across/crossed one’s face脸上露出惊讶的表情; ②have a look of surprise on one’s face某人脸上的表情很惊讶; ③surprise registered on one’s face脸上露出惊讶的神色 目瞪口呆 ①eyes widen in surprise/astonishment惊讶地睁大眼睛; ②stare/look at sb. with wide eyes/stare wide-eyed/open-mouthed at sb.目瞪口呆地看着某人; ③gape at张口结舌地看; ④one’s jaw dropped张口结舌; ⑤one’s mouth dropped/hung open in surprise惊讶地张大嘴 声音 ①a tone of surprise/a surprised tone/voice惊奇的口气/声音; ②give a cry of surprise吃惊地喊出声来;发出吃惊的叫声; ③too surprised/astonished to utter a word/be speechless with shock惊讶得说不出话; ④gasp in astonishment惊讶得倒抽一口气 身体 ①freeze/stand still/stop dead/be numb with/in shock惊得呆住; ②shake one’s head in disbelief难以置信地摇头 用表“吃惊、惊讶”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景27 | “积极的生活态度”主题中的“吃惊、惊讶” The last leaf was still there, clinging to its stem against the wall. So ①____________ (amaze), so impressed, Johnsy ②___________________________ (发出惊讶的叫声), “It is still there! ” ③___________________________ (听出她声音里的惊讶), Sue confirmed, “Indeed, it didn’t fall after such a violent storm, so never should you give up the hope of recovery! ” ④___________________________ (张口结舌地看着最后一片树叶,分词短语作状语), Johnsy felt a gleam of hope flaring up inside her heart, clear and dazzling. 微场景28 | “改变成长”主题中的“吃惊、惊讶” ⑤___________________________ (满脸惊奇地,介词短语), Miss Brown took his paper. Obviously amazed, she began to look it over. Trevor walked back to his desk, his heart pounding. As he sat down, he couldn’t resist another look at Miss Brown. Then, Miss Brown stood up, holding his paper. “The smartest boy in our class had just passed his first test on homework!” announced Miss Brown. She glanced up at Trevor, then down, then up, her face breaking into a big smile. ⑥___________________________ (目瞪口呆,形容词作状语), the whole class seemed in total shock and then burst into deafening applause. Overwhelmed by ⑦___________________________ (既激动又惊讶), Trevor felt nothing was the same from that moment. A change gradually took place within his heart, all because of one teacher who cared. 答案:①amazed　②gave a cry of surprise　③Hearing the surprise in her voice　④Gaping at the last leaf　⑤With a look of surprise　⑥Open-mouthed/Wide-eyed　⑦excitement and surprise 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$