专题02 必修第三册Unit1～Unit3（期末复习讲义）高一英语下学期外研版

专题02 必修第三册Unit1~Unit3（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 掌握必修第三册Unit1~Unit3中32个重点词句的用法 复习难点： 掌握必修第三册Unit1~Unit3中3个重点语法知识 1.过去分词(短语)作状语 2.过去分词(短语)作定语 3.现在完成时的被动语态 考情规律 语境运用：侧重在具体语境中的选择，以及短语的搭配（完形填空、语法填空题中）。 知识点1 help out帮一把 ①help sb. out帮某人一把 ②help (sb.) out with  sth.在某事上帮(某人的)忙 含有help的其他常用搭配: ①with the help of sb.=with sb.'s help在某人的帮助下 ②be of help to sb.=be helpful to sb.对某人有帮助 例Hearing that you are interested in learning Chinese, I would like to share some constructive suggestions, which might be of help to you.听说你对学习汉语感兴趣,我想分享一些建设性的建议,这些建议可能会对你有所帮助。 ③help (sb.) (to) do sth.帮助(某人)做某事 ④help (sb.) with sth./in doing sth.帮助(某人)做某事 例I like helping my mother with the housework.我喜欢帮妈妈做家务。 ⑤can't help doing sth.=can't help but do sth.忍不住做某事 例The girl missed her father so much that she couldn't help crying.这个女孩非常想念她的父亲,以至于忍不住哭了起来。 ⑥help yourself请自便 知识点2 let down使失望,辜负 let down除了表示“使失望,辜负”外,还有“放下 ;(把衣服、裙子、外套等)放长;放出(褶边)”的意思。 含有let的其他常用短语: ①let out发出(叫声等);下课;结束;加宽(衣服等) 例Seeing the snake, the girl couldn't help letting out a cry of horror.看到那条蛇的时候,女孩忍不住发出惊恐的叫声。 ②let alone更不用说 ③let go (of sb./sth.)松手,放开;放弃 ④let in让(空气、光线或水等)进入 ⑤let off使爆炸 例After dinner, all his family members went to the yard to let off fireworks.晚饭后,他的家人们都到院子里放烟花。 知识点3 fault n.责任,过错 v.找……的缺点;挑剔;指责 ①be sb.'s fault for   doing sth.做某事是某人的错 ②find fault with   ...找……的茬儿;对……挑剔 ③at  fault 有过错的;有责任的 ①faulty adj.有故障的,有缺陷的;错误的 例Ask for a refund if the goods are faulty.商品如有缺陷,可要求退款。 ②faultless adj.完美无缺的 知识点4 breath n.一口气;呼出的气;呼吸 ①take   a deep breath深吸一口气 ②out of  breath气喘吁吁,上气不接下气(表状态) ③catch  one's breath喘口气,歇一口气 ④hold one's breath闭气;屏息以待 ⑤take one’s breath away 　令人惊叹;让人叹绝  ①breathe v.呼吸 breathe in/out吸/呼气 例The doctor told me to breathe in deeply and breathe out slowly.医生告诉我先深深吸气,然后慢慢呼气。 ②breathless adj.气喘吁吁的,上气不接下气的 例Breathless as he felt, he still managed to pull the old man out of the burning house.尽管他感到呼吸困难,但他还是设法把老人从燃烧着的房子里救了出来。  知识点5 concern n.忧虑,担心 v.与……有关;涉及;使担忧;关心 ①show/express concern 　over   /about/for sb./sth.表达对某人/某事的担忧/关心 ②concern oneself 　with/about   sth.关心某事;担心某事 ①concerned adj.担忧的,焦急的(作前置定语);(与某事)有关的,有牵连的(作后置定语) be concerned about/for担心/挂念…… be concerned with与……有关 as far as sb. be concerned在某人看来 as far as sth. be concerned就某事而言 例Concerned about/for the exam result, she can hardly fall asleep, lying in bed awake.由于担心考试结果,她醒着躺在床上,几乎无法入睡。 ②concerning prep.关于 例She showed the pictures hanging on the walls, excitedly sharing her stories concerning her students.她展示了挂在墙上的照片,兴奋地分享了关于她的学生的故事。 知识点6 annoyed adj.恼怒的,烦恼的 ①be/get annoyed　with   sb.生某人的气 ②be/get annoyed　at/about/by    sth.对某事恼火 ③be annoyed that... 因……生气 ①annoy vt.使恼怒;使生气 It really annoys sb. to do sth./that.../when...做某事/……让某人很生气。 例It really annoys me when I see people dropping litter.看到人们乱丢垃圾我非常生气。 ②annoying adj.使人气恼的;讨厌的(一般修饰事物) 例The annoying knocks on the door woke her up so she had to drag herself out of bed.恼人的敲门声把她吵醒了,所以她不得不挣扎着从床上爬起来。 ③annoyance n.[U]恼怒;生气;[C]使人烦恼的事物 (much)to one's annoyance让某人(非常)烦恼的是 知识点7 adjust v.适应,(使)习惯;调整 ①adjust to (doing   ) sth.适应/习惯(做)某事 ②adjust oneself　to   (doing) sth.使自己适应/习惯(做)某事 ③adjust...　to    ... 调整……以适应…… ①adjustment n.调整;适应 make an adjustment/adjustments to...对……作出调整 例It seems that you should make some adjustments to your original travel plan.看来你应该对原来的旅行计划作一些调整。 ②adjustable adj.可调整的;可调节的 知识点8 forgive v.(forgave, forgiven)原谅,宽恕 ①forgive sb. (sth.)原谅某人(某事) ②forgive sb. 　for   (doing) sth.原谅某人(做了)某事 ③forgive and forget 不念旧恶;不记仇 forgiveness n.原谅;宽恕 例What happened today made me realize that forgiveness is a kind of virtue.今天发生的事情让我意识到宽恕是一种美德。 知识点9 criticise (criticize) v.批评;指责 criticise sb. for   (doing) sth.因为(做)某事而批评某人 ①criticism n.批评,批判;指责 ②critical adj.批评的,挑剔的;关键的;危急的 be critical of...挑剔……;对……感到不满 be critical to...对……至关重要 例She taught me to be less critical of other people.她教育我不要太苛求于人。 例Good communication and team spirit are critical to the success of our team.良好的沟通和团队精神对我们团队的成功至关重要。 ③critically adv.批评性地;危急地;很大程度上 例Learning to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.学会批判性地思考是当今的孩子们为了未来(的发展)所需要具备的一项重要技能。 知识点10 embarrassment n.尴尬,难为情 ①to   sb.'s embarrassment令某人尴尬的是 ②in  embarrassment尴尬地,窘迫地 ①embarrass vt.使尴尬,使难堪 例Her questions about my private life embarrassed me.她询问我的私生活的问题使我感到很尴尬。 ②embarrassed adj.窘迫的,尴尬的;拮据的 be embarrassed about/at sth.对某事感到尴尬 be embarrassed to do sth.对做某事感到尴尬 例He was embarrassed at being the centre of attention.他因成为众人关注的焦点而感到尴尬。 ③embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的,令人难堪的 例Confronted with the embarrassing situation, I was at a loss what to do.面对这种尴尬的局面,我不知道该怎么办了。 知识点11 independent adj.独立的 be independent of   ... 不依赖…… ①independence n.独立;自立 例Having a job gives you financial independence and a sense of satisfaction.有一份工作能给你经济上的独立和一种满足感。 ②independently adv.独立地;自立地 ③dependent adj.依赖的;依靠的;取决于 be dependent on/upon... 依赖……;依靠……;取决于…… 例The area is heavily dependent on/upon tourism.这个地区非常依赖旅游业。 ④dependence n.依赖;依靠 ⑤depend vi.依靠;信赖;决定于 depend on/upon...信赖……;依靠……;取决于…… it (all)/that depends那得看情况 知识点12 the+比较级..., the+比较级... “the+比较级..., the+比较级...”结构意为“　越……,(就)越…… ”,表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化。在通常情况下,前一个“the+比较级...”相当于条件状语  从句,后一个“the+比较级...”相当于主句。若后面用一般将来时,前面常用一般现在时 表将来。前后都可以有所省略,特别是在谚语、俗语中。 “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”,一般用作表语或状语,表达“变化过程”。 如果是多音节形容词或副词,则用“more and more+多音节形容词或副词原级”。 例Our life is becoming better and better.我们的生活正变得越来越好。 例As the New Year neared, the children became more and more excited.随着新年的临近,孩子们变得越来越兴奋。 知识点13 contribution n.贡献;捐款;稿件 make a contribution/contributions to    ...对……做出贡献;给……捐款 ①contribute v.捐献;贡献;捐(款);造成;投(稿) contribute...to...把……贡献给……;给……捐(款);往……投(稿) contribute to促成;导致 例The student volunteers contributed their own time to helping the old people in the nursing home.学生志愿者贡献了自己的时间来帮助养老院的老人。 例The doctor said his bad eating habits might have contributed to his heart disease.医生说他的不良饮食习惯可能导致了他的心脏病。 ②contributor n.投稿人;捐款人;促成因素 知识点14 relief n.减轻,缓解;宽慰,轻松 ①to sb.'s relief  (=to the relief of sb.)令某人宽慰的是 ②with/in     relief宽慰地/欣慰地 ③It's a relief 　to do    sth.做某事是令人宽慰的。 ④breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气 ⑤What a relief!终于放心了! ①relieve vt.缓解;减轻;解除 relieve sb. of sth.帮助某人减轻负担 例Domestic robots are of great help to housewives because they can relieve them of household chores.家用机器人对家庭主妇有很大帮助,因为它们可以减轻她们的家务负担。 ②relieved adj.感到宽慰的;放心的 be relieved to see/hear/find/know...看到/听到/发现/知道……很宽慰 be relieved that...很宽慰…… 例I'm relieved that you could tell me the truth bravely.你能勇敢地告诉我真相,我感到很宽慰。 知识点15 effective adj.有效的,产生预期效果的;实际的;生效的 ①effectively adv.有效地;实际上;事实上 ②effect n.效果;作用;影响 have an effect on...对……有影响 bring/put...into effect使……实施/生效 come into effect=take effect生效;开始实施 in effect事实上;在实行中;有效 例They have already begun to put the plans into effect.他们已经开始执行这些计划了。 例The new law will come into effect/take effect next month.新的法律将于下个月生效。 知识点16 donate v.捐赠,捐献 donate sth.　to   ... 向……捐赠某物 例The gentleman has donated more than a million dollars to the local charity during the past few years.在过去的几年里,这位先生向当地的慈善机构捐赠了一百多万美元。 ①donation n.捐赠物;捐赠 make a donation to...向……捐赠 ②donor n.捐赠者;献血者 知识点17 turn out出席,参加 turn out除了表示“出席,参加”外,还有“关掉(灯或热源)  ;证明是,结果是 ;生产,制造   ”的意思。 例Don't forget to turn out the lights when you leave the room.离开房间时别忘了关灯。 含有turn的其他常用短语: ①turn around/round转身;翻转 ②turn down把……调低,关小;拒绝 ③turn in上交 ④turn (sb./sth.) into (使某人/某物)变成 ⑤turn on/off打开/关掉(电流、煤气、水等) ⑥turn to求助于 ⑦turn up出现;到场;调高(音量等) 知识点18 break into a smile突然笑起来 含有break的常用短语: ①break into sth.强行闯入;突然开始(笑、哭、唱等) break into tears突然哭了起来 break into laughter突然大笑 ②break in打断;强行进入 ③break away (from sb./sth.)突然(从……)挣脱;(从……)逃脱 ④break down出故障;垮掉;使分解(为) ⑤break out(不愉快之事)爆发,突然发生 ⑥break up(关系)破裂;分手;(会议、聚会)解散 ⑦break through取得突破;冲破 特别提醒 break into和break in都有“强行进入”的意思,但两者用法有所区别。break into是及物动词短语,后接宾语,可以用于被动语态;break in是不及物动词短语,后面不接宾语,也不能用于被动语态。 例They were discussing something important when a man broke in, which took everyone by surprise.他们正在讨论重要的事情,这时一个男人闯了进来,这让所有人都大吃一惊。 例We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken into the office.我们上午到达上班地点时发现有人闯入办公室了。 知识点19 generous adj.慷慨的,大方的 ①be generous 　to   sb.对某人大方 ②be generous 　with    sth.在某事/物方面慷慨/大方 ③It is generous　of    sb. 　 to do   sth.某人做某事是大方的。 例Although he was poor, he was quite generous to his needy friends.他虽穷,但对贫困的朋友很大方。 He is generous with his money but miserly with his time.他不吝惜钱,但对时间却很吝啬。 It was generous of you to share your food with me.你把食物与我分享,真慷慨。 ①generously adv.慷慨地 ②generosity n.慷慨;大方 知识点20 hesitate v.迟疑,犹豫;顾虑 ①hesitate about/over    (doing) sth.对(做)某事犹豫不决 ②don't hesitate to do  sth.尽管做某事,毫不犹豫地做某事 例If you have difficulties, don't hesitate to turn to us for help.如果你有困难,尽管来找我们帮忙。 After arriving there, he hesitated about/over whether he should go in.到达那里后,他犹豫是否要进去。 ①hesitation n.犹豫,踌躇;勉强 without hesitation毫不犹豫地 例Once I decide what I want to do, I will do it without hesitation.我一旦决定想做什么,就会毫不犹豫地去做。 ②hesitant adj.犹豫的;踌躇的;不情愿的 知识点21 assistance n.帮助,援助 ①withthe assistance of...在……的帮助下 ②come to  one's assistance来帮助某人 ③be of   assistance (to...) (对……)有帮助 例They always come to my assistance whenever I need a helping hand.无论我什么时候需要帮助,他们总会来帮我。 Some argue that ChatGPT is of assistance to learning because it can improve students' learning efficiency.一些人提出证据认为ChatGPT对学习有所帮助,因为它可以提高学生的学习效率。 ①assist v.帮助;协助 assist (sb.) with/in sth.帮助(某人)某事 assist (sb.) in doing sth.帮助(某人)做某事 例I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals.在饭后我总是帮助我的父母洗碗。 ②assistant n.助手,助理 知识点22 aid v.帮助,援助 n.援助;帮助;辅助设备 ①aid sb. (　with/in   sth.)(在某方面)帮助某人 ②aid (sb./sth.)　in    doing sth.帮助(某人/某物)做某事 ③with the aid of...    在……的帮助下 ④in    aid of...为了帮助…… ⑤come to /go to sb.'s aid帮助某人 ⑥a hearing aid助听器 例The local community aided us with/in our search.当地社区协助我们的搜寻工作。 The application can aid students in learning new words.该应用程序可以帮助学生们学习新单词。 With the aid of a neighbor, he managed to put out the fire.他在邻居的帮助下把火扑灭了。 We are collecting money in aid of the people whose houses were destroyed in the earthquake.我们正在筹集资金,以援助在地震中房屋被毁的人们。 知识点23 not...but...不是……而是…… ①not...but...是连词词组,用于连接两个并列的成分,连接的两个成分可以作主语、谓语、宾语或者表语等。 ②not...but...连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词的人称和数遵循“　就近原则    ”,即谓语动词与　but    后的成分在人称和数上保持一致。 例I work not because I have to, but because I want to.我工作不是因为我不得不工作,而是因为我想工作。 Not Tom's parents but Tom wants to go fishing tomorrow.不是汤姆的父母而是汤姆想明天去钓鱼。 It is not I but you that should apologise for the mistake.应该为这个错误道歉的不是我而是你。 遵循“就近原则”的连词词组还有:either...or...(或者……或者……),neither...nor...(既不…… 也不……),not only...but also...(不但……而且……)等。 例Either you or I am going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。 例Not only I but also he is very proud of the progress you have made.不仅我而且他也对你所取得的进步感到非常骄傲。 知识点24 On/Upon doing sth....一做某事就…… On/Upon doing sth....意为“一做某事就……”,是介词短语作时间状语,可以转换为一个时间状语从句。 例On/Upon hearing the bad news, she couldn't help crying.一听到这个糟糕的消息,她就禁不住哭了起来。 结构拓展 ①“on/upon+(one's+)名词”也可表示“一……就……”,常用于该结构的名词有return、arrival等。 例Guests can have dinner on/upon arrival at the hotel.旅客一到旅馆即可就餐。 There was a letter waiting for him on his return.他一回来就有一封信在等着他看。 ②引导时间状语从句,表示“一……就……”的词汇或结构有: a.immediately, instantly, directly b.the moment, the instant, the minute c.as soon as d.no sooner...than..., hardly/barely/scarcely...when... 例The moment I heard the voice, I knew my father was coming.我一听到那个声音,就知道我父亲来了。 We'll leave in the morning as soon as it's light.明天早晨天一亮我们就出发。 Hardly had she sat when she heard someone knocking at the door.她一坐下来就听见有人敲门。 知识点25 in addition除此之外,另外 in addition相当于副词,通常用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开,其用法相当于　besides  、moreover  、furthermore、what's more。 例I can operate all kinds of office software skillfully. In addition (=Besides/Moreover/Furthermore/What's more), I have a good command of English and a serious working attitude.我能熟练操作各种办公软件。另外,我精通英语并且有认真的工作态度。 in addition to意为“除……之外还”,是介词词组,其后应接名词、代词、动名词等,相当于besides/as well as/apart from。 例In addition to practical skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community.除了实用技能外,普鲁伊特的课程还教授团队合作,鼓励自我价值感,并促进集体感。  知识点26 capable adj.有能力的 be capableof (doing) sth.有能力做某事 例You never know what you are capable of until you force yourself to do it.如果你不强迫自己去做的话,你永远不知道你能做什么。 ①incapable adj.无能力的 ②capably adv.能干地 ③capability n.能力;才能 have the capability to do/of doing sth.有做某事的能力 例You have the capability to create/of creating your own happiness.你有能力创造自己的幸福。 知识点26 desire n.渴望,欲望;愿望 v.渴望;期望 ①have a desire for   sth.渴望某物 ②have a desire to do   sth.渴望做某事 ③meet/satisfy one's desire满足某人的愿望 ④desire to do    sth.渴望做某事 ⑤desire sb. to do   sth.想要/希望某人做某事 例In order to achieve goals, you must have a strong desire to do so.要实现目标,你必须有实现它们的强烈愿望。 Everyone has a desire for success, but not everyone has the courage and determination to pursue it.每个人都渴望成功,但不是每个人都有勇气与决心去追求成功。 She desires to be a dancer when she grows up.她渴望长大以后能成为一名舞蹈家。 The girl desired him to buy some flowers for her, but he didn't.女孩想让他给她买些花,但他并没买。 ①desired adj.渴望的;想要的;预期的 ②desirable adj.想望的;值得拥有的;值得做的 知识点27 beyond prep.无法……;超过…… adv.在另一边;在更远处 ①beyond one's 　reach   超出某人能力所及范围;在某人够不着的地方 ②change beyond　recognition 变得认不出来;变得面目全非 ③beyond description    /words无法描述,难以言表 ④beyond　imagination  超乎想象 ⑤beyond (one's)　expectations 出乎(某人的)意料 ⑥beyond one's control超出某人的控制;不受某人的控制 ⑦beyond compare无与伦比 ⑧beyond belief令人无法相信 例The goods are priced beyond our reach.商品的价格超出了我们的承受能力。 The beauty of the peach blossom is beyond description.桃花的美丽难以形容。 The town has changed beyond recognition during the last decade.在过去的十年里,这座小镇已经变得让人认不出来了。 The damage that staying up late can do to our health is beyond imagination.熬夜对我们健康所造成的伤害是超乎想象的。 It was really beyond my expectations because I never thought I could have this honor of being given this award. 这真的出乎我的预料,因为我从未想过我能有这样的荣幸获得这个奖。 知识点28 injure v.使受伤,弄伤 injure sb.'s pride   /feelings/reputation伤害某人的自尊/情感/名誉 例Parents should avoid criticizing children in public places, for it might injure their pride.父母应该避免在公共场合批评孩子,因为这可能会伤害他们的自尊。 ①injured adj.受伤的;有伤的 be/get(badly/seriously) injured(严重)受伤 the injured受伤者 例Seeing no one was injured, we all breathed a sigh of relief.看到没有人受伤,我们都松了一口气。 After the accident, the injured were taken to the nearest hospital in no time.事故发生后,受伤的人立刻被送进了最近的医院。 ②injury n.损伤;伤害 do oneself an injury使某人自己受伤 (an) injury to...对……的伤害 例Don't get over the fence—you'll do yourself an injury.别越过栅栏——你会伤着自己的。 知识点29 origin n.起源,起因 ①the origin of  ...……的起源,……的起因 ②in  origin从起源上来说,从起因上来说 ③have one's origins in...起源于……,起因为…… 例The origin of the word remains unclear.该词的来源尚不清楚。 Many words in the English language are French in origin.英语中的许多词源于法语。 This particular custom has its origins in Wales.这一特殊风俗起源于威尔士。 易混辨析 origin 侧重指事物的起源或由来,也指人的出身。 He was not ashamed of his humble origins.他并不以自己出身低微为耻。 source 本义指河流或瀑布的源头,引申指某事的来源出处,但更多指抽象事物的根源或来源。 Your local library will be a useful source of information.你们当地的图书馆就是很好的资料来源。 root 通常指事物产生的原因或根源。 We have to get to the root of the problem.我们必须找到问题的根源。 ①originate vi.起源,发源,发端于 vt.创立 originate from/in sth.源自某事/地 例Chinese civilization originated from/in this beautiful and abundant land.中华文明发源于这片美丽富饶的土地。 ②original adj.原先的,最早的,最初的 ③originally adv.最初;起初 知识点30 cure n.药剂;疗法;措施 v.治愈,治好;解决;矫正 ①a/the cure for   ...……的疗法;解决……的措施 ②cure sb. of sth.治愈某人的某种疾病;矫正某人的某种不良习惯 Many people hold a firm belief that the cure for cancer will be found one day.许多人坚信有一天会找到治愈癌症的方法。 I couldn't thank you enough because it was your company that cured me of my loneliness, sadness, anxiety and fear.我对您真是感激不尽,因为是您的陪伴化解了我的孤独、忧伤、焦虑和恐惧。 易混辨析 cure 意为“治愈”,常指治疗疾病、痛苦或改正恶习、弊害等,侧重结果。 常用“cure sb. of sth.”结构。 The doctor promised that the medicine would surely cure me of my toothache.医生保证这种药一定会治好我的牙痛。 treat 意为“治疗”,强调治疗的过程。常用“treat sb. for sth.”结构表示“治疗某人的 某种疾病”。 The doctor treated her for a stomach disorder last year.这位医生去年曾治疗过她的胃病。 heal 意为“(使)愈合,治愈”,指治愈伤口,其主语常用表示伤口或受伤部位的名词。 His injuries will take a long time to heal.他的伤需要很长一段时间才能好。 知识点31 attach v.系,绑;贴;把……附在……上;重视;和……在一起 ①attach A　to    B 把A固定/附/贴在B上 ②attach (much/great)importance  /significance to...认为……(非常)重要/(很)有意义 ③attach oneself to sb.和某人在一起;缠着某人 例Next, the Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to our front door.接着,汉字“福”被倒着贴在我们的前门上。 In my opinion, it is necessary to attach importance to our traditional festivals, for they're part of our culture. 在我看来,有必要重视我们的传统节日,因为它们是我们文化的一部分。 attached adj.非常喜欢……的;附属于……的 be attached to...喜爱……,依恋……;附属于…… 例The boy is very attached to his grandparents because he was brought up by them.这个男孩非常依恋他的祖父母,因为他是由他们抚养长大的。 The research unit is attached to the university.这个研究单位附属于大学。 知识点32 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 ①若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式     (be通常用were ),主句谓语用“should/would/could/might+动词原形”。 ②若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用“had+过去分词 ”,主句谓语用“should/would/ could/might+have+过去分词”。 ③若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)、“　were to+动词原形  ”或“should+动词原形”,主句谓语用“should/would/could/might+动词原形”。 例If my brother were here, everything would be all right.要是我哥哥在这儿,一切都没问题了。(与现在事实相反) If Julia had practised hard enough before, she could have performed better on stage yesterday.如果朱莉娅以前练习得足够努力,她昨天在舞台上会表现得更好。(与过去事实相反) If the sun rose/were to rise/should rise in the west, I would lend you the money.假如太阳从西边出来,我就借钱给你。(与将来事实相反) 除if条件句外,在下列情况下,也可以使用虚拟语气: ①Without..., sb./sth. would.../But for..., sb./sth. would...没……的话,某人/某物就…… 例Without setbacks(=If there were no setbacks), our life would not be filled with wonderful stories.如果没有挫折,我们的人生就不会充满精彩的故事。 But for this experience(=If it hadn't been for this experience), I wouldn't have realized that I should spend more time with my family.要不是这次经历,我就不会意识到我应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。 ②If only...要是……就好了。 例“If only I had listened to my mother's advice!” the little girl whispered to herself. “要是我当初听取了妈妈的建议该多好!”小女孩低声对自己说。 知识点33过去分词(短语)作状语 一、过去分词(短语)作状语的意义 用法归纳 (1)过去分词(短语)作状语表示被动或完成,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语,且与句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。 (2)过去分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。表示时间、原因、条件、让步时,过去分词(短语)可以转化成相应的状语从句;表示方式或 伴随时,可转化为并列分句。 例Seriously injured(=Because she was seriously injured), she was sent to hospital at once.由于受伤严重,她被立刻送往医院了。 Seen from the top of the hill (=When it is seen from the top of the hill), the school looks like a big garden.从山顶上看时,这所学校就像一个大花园。 Given more attention (=If it had been given more attention), the fire could have been avoided.如果多加注意,这场火灾本来是可以避免的。 Left alone at home(=Although she was left alone at home), Jenny didn't feel afraid at all.虽然珍妮被一个人留在家里,但她一点也不感到害怕。 Surrounded by his students, the teacher went into the lab.(=The teacher was surrounded by his students and he went into the lab.)这位老师在学生们的簇拥下走进实验室。 特别提醒 根据需要,有时也可在过去分词(短语)前加上相应的连词,如when、until、if、while、al- though、even if等,构成“连词+过去分词(短语)”结构,使其意义更加明确。 Even if (I am) invited, I won't take part in the party.即使邀请我,我也不会参加那个聚会。 二、过去分词(短语)作状语时的注意事项 用法归纳1 过去分词(短语)作状语时,分词的逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致;如果与句子的主语不一致,要在分词前加上逻辑主语,构成独立主格结构。 例The test finished, we'll have our summer vacation.考试结束以后,我们将放暑假。 Extra money given to the poor, he felt very happy.因为把额外的钱给了穷人,他感到很高兴。 用法归纳2 有些过去分词(短语)源于系表结构,作状语时不表示被动关系,而重在描述主语的状态。常见的这样的过去分词(短语)有satisfied(满意的)、disappointed(失望的)、determined(下定决心的)、lost in /absorbed in(沉浸于)、seated(坐着的)、born in(出生于)、dressed in(穿着)、tired of(厌烦)、located in(位于)等。 例Lost/Absorbed in thought, he didn't hear the sound.由于沉浸于思考中,他没有听到那个声音。 Born in this beautiful town,he hates to leave it.出生于这个美丽的城镇,他不愿离开它。 Located in the center of Beijing, Beihai Park is one of the oldest royal gardens.北海公园位于北京市中心,是最古老的皇家园林之一。 三、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别 用法归纳 (1)作状语时,过去分词表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间存在被动关系;现在分词表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。 (2)过去分词作状语时,其动作通常发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前;现在分词作状语时,其动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生。 例Used for a long time, the book looks very old.由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧。 Using the book, I found it very useful.在使用这本书时,我发现它很有用。 Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好。 He went out,shutting the door behind him.他出去后将门随手关上。 知识点34 过去分词(短语)作定语 一、过去分词(短语)作定语的位置 用法归纳1 单个的过去分词作定语通常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词的后面,相当于一个定语从句。 例The government decided to rebuild the damaged bridge.政府决定重建那座被毁坏的桥。 Most of the people invited to the party didn't come.=Most of the people who were invited to the party didn't come.大部分被邀请参加派对的人没有来。 特别提醒 (1)有些过去分词表示特定含义,单独作定语时也放在被修饰的名词之后。如left(剩余的)、concerned(有关的)等。 There's little time left. Let's hurry up.几乎没有剩余的时间了。我们快点吧。 (2)单个的过去分词作定语修饰复合不定代词something、everything、anything、nothing、somebody、nobody等或指示代词those等时,要放在这些词的后面。 There is almost nothing changed since I left the town two years ago.自从我两年前离开这座城镇,这里几乎没什么变化。 用法归纳2 有些过去分词作定语既可前置也可后置,意义不变,但有些过去分词位于被修饰词前后不同的位置,则表示不同的意义。 例All the broken windows have been repaired.=All the windows broken have been repaired.所有坏了的窗户都已经修好了。 The method used is very efficient.所用的这个方法很有效。 This is a used car worth only 5,000 yuan.这是一辆仅值5,000元的二手车。 二、过去分词作定语的意义 用法归纳 及物动词的过去分词作定语,具有被动或完成含义,抑或两者兼具;不及物 动词的过去分词作定语,只表示动作的完成,不表示被动意义。 例the fallen leaves=the leaves that have fallen落叶 an honoured guest一位受尊敬的客人 the question discussed yesterday昨天讨论的问题 三、不同非谓语动词形式作定语的区别 用法归纳 语法 形式 意义 现在分词作定语 doing 表示主动或进行 being done 表示被动和进行 过去分词作定语 done 表示被动或完成 不定式作定语 to do 表示主动动作将要发生 to be done 表示被动动作将要发生 例The meeting held yesterday was very important.昨天开的会议非常重要。 The meeting being held is very important.正在召开的会议非常重要。 The meeting to be held is very important.即将召开的会议非常重要。 She is looking for a place to live in.她正在寻找一个住处。 The child standing over there is my brother.站在那儿的小孩是我弟弟。 特别提醒 有些分词已被形容词化,动词-ing形式表示事物的性质,意为“令人……的”,过去分词表示 人内心的感受,意为“感到……的”。注意:分词修饰expression、look等词时,一般用过去分词。 The frightened look on her face told us that the girl was frightened by the frightening scene.那个女孩脸上惊恐的表情告诉我们她被可怕的情景吓到了。 知识点35 现在完成时的被动语态 一、现在完成时的被动语态的构成 用法归纳 现在完成时的被动语态的构成： 1. 肯定式：have/has been done 2. 否定式：have/has not been done 3. 疑问式：Have/Has+主语+ been done？ 例He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.他已被挑选出来参加运动会。 Much attention has not been paid to students' English handwriting in some areas.在一些地区,学生们的英语书写还没有得到太多的重视。 I can't see any coffee in this cupboard.Has it all been finished?我在这个橱柜里看不到咖啡。都喝完了吗? 二、现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态 (1)We have built many houses in the past ten years.→Many houses have been built by us in the past ten years. (2)We have given him the book. →He has been given the book by us. →The book has been given to him by us. (3)I have made her work hard.→She has been made to work hard by me. (4)He has thought of a way of doing it.→A way of doing it has been thought of by him. 用法归纳 1.由(1)可知,只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时,将原来的宾语变为被动句的主语。 2.由(2)可知,可跟双宾语的动词,如give、send、bring、take、teach、show、sing、write、 read、sell、buy、tell、lend、pass、promise等,变为被动语态时,可将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个保留。 3.由(3)可知,带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时,要将原来的宾语变为被动句的主语,原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。原来省略to的不定式作宾语补足语的,在被动语态中要还原to。 4.由(4)可知,短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,在被动语态中要保持其完整性,不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。 三、现在完成时的被动语态的用法 (1)The house has been cleaned up by my elder brother.我哥哥已经把房子打扫干净了。 (2)“China speed”has been given new meanings in the past decade.在过去的十年间,“中国速度”已经被赋予了新的含义。 (3)Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.公司的财务问题已经被讨论了将近两个小时。 (4)You will take over his job if he has been sent abroad.如果他被派往国外,你将接手他的工作。 (5)We won't start the work until all the preparations have been made.直到所有的准备工作都做好了,我们才开始工作。 用法归纳 1.例句(1)(2)表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成 ,强调过去的动作对现在造成的 影响或产生的结果,常与时间状语just、already、yet、ever、recently、lately、so far、up to/till now、before、in the last/past few days等连用。 2.例句(3)表示一个被动的动作开始于过去,持续到现在 ,并且有可能继续持续下去, 常与带for或since的时间状语连用,或用于“How long...?”句型中。 3.例句(4)(5)表示在时间或条件等状语从句中,表示将来某时已完成的被动的动作, 可以用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 基础通关练（测试时间：15分钟） 单句语法填空 1.(2025新课标Ⅰ)I realized it was me who was 　　　　　 fault.   2.(2025四川成都期末)Like all children, I was always getting myself and the kitchen table 　　　　　 a mess when I first took an interest in painting.  3.The heat was unbearable, and he had to 　　　　　(loose) his tie to cool down.  4.(2025天津南开区期中)I knew I needed to apologise 　　　　　 Henry, even if he also did something that hurt my feelings.  5.(2025浙江1月)I've been trying out these 　　　　　(strategy) and I've found that when I'm less restrictive, they do make better decisions.   6.(2025江苏镇江期中)With a good attitude and a keen interest in learning, students are sure 　　　　　(perform) well.  7.This experience taught me that conflicts can 　　　　　(resolve) through open communication and mutual understanding.   8.As far as I 　　　　　(concern), the questions 　　　　　(concern)the future of the company are worth discussing.  9.(2025广东江门期中)Apart 　　　　　 physical preparations, you need to do some mental preparations.   10.(2025江苏南京二十九中月考)It is a delightful read that shows 　　　　　(independent), the true meaning of friendship and the challenges of growing up.   11.　　　　　(frank) speaking, it is difficult for me to adjust to the fast-paced lifestyle in this city.  12.One reason 　　　　　 his going to the gym is to let off steam after a stressful day of work.  13.(2025山西部分重点中学期中联考)As far as I am concerned, 　　　　　 some extent, what she has said is true.   14.Despite 　　　　　(feel) let down by his friends, he chose to forgive them.  15.It's common knowledge 　　　　　exercise benefits both physical and mental health.  16.　　　　　(write) more than seven hundred years ago, this poem still enjoys great popularity in China.  17.(2025浙江1月)Building 　　　　　(effect) communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort.  18.(2025湖南湘东十校联考)When Tom turned 18, he decided that it was time to make his dream a 　　　　　(real).  19.If everyone makes a small 　　　　　(contribute) and helps out, we can quickly resolve this problem.  20.(2025江苏高邮期中)World Sleep Day fell on March 21 this year, and the problem of sleep 　　　　　(short) among teenagers has come into focus.  21.　　　　　her great relief, the judge relieved her 　　　　　the heavy fine, saying the system's fault caused the misunderstanding.  22.She decided to donate a large sum of money 　　　　　 the charity, and her generous 　　　　　(donate) has helped many victims of the car accident.  22.(2025浙江台州十校期中联考)Choose one goal to start something large enough that will give you a sense of　　　　　(achieve).  23.　　　　　 the aid of the government, those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.  24.(2025河南南阳期中)Brooke, almost in tears, mentioned that the heaters were for her husband who needed warmth during his 　　　　　(treat) for his serious illness.   25.(2025广东揭阳二中月考)Natalie's school was so damaged that she had to 　　　　　(temporary) attend a school in Brooklyn.  26.(2025新课标Ⅰ)The 　　　　　 (major) of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.  27.Evidence 　　　　　(obtain) from observation and experiment is often used to confirm a scientific theory.  28.The park, 　　　　　 I used to play as a child, has now been turned into a shopping center.  29.(2025河北石家庄二中期中)As a teacher, she plans lessons 　　　　　(flexible) based on students' real-time feedback.  30.(2025北京)Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being capable 　　　　　 identifying and managing your emotions and actions.  31.(2025山东德州期中)After returning home, I felt the desire 　　　　　(write) about my experience—not for other sites or papers as I often did.  32.Due to the shortage of data, the exact costs can 　　　　　(compute) only after further research.  33.Then Jeff noticed steam 　　　　　(shoot) out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.  34.(2025辽宁多校期中联考)The couple hope to one day be reunited with the women 　　　　　 generosity and consideration made a significant impact on their lives.  35.The charity issued a public 　　　　　(declare), expressing gratitude for the generous contribution.  36.(2025北京)The feeling of success was no longer attached 　　　　　 what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning.  37.(2025河北邢台一中月考)It can be a very effective tool, but its usefulness, or uselessness, 　　　　　(entire) depends on your attitude.   38.The team received an award 　　　　　 account of their significant contribution to environmental protection projects.  39.Mr. Brown, along with his three children, 　　　　　(be) going to pay a visit to Beijing next week.  40.(2025广东中山市华侨中学月考)The latest survey, 　　　　　(conduct) by the foreign company, found that more than 12% teenagers want to work as pilots.  1.【答案】at　 【详解】考查介词。句意:我意识到是我错了。be at fault意为“有过错的;有责任的”。故填at。 2. 【答案】in　 【详解】考查介词。句意:和所有孩子一样,我最初对绘画产生兴趣时,总是把自己和餐桌弄得一团糟。in a mess意为“混乱的,乱糟糟的”,故本空应用介词in。 3. 【答案】loosen　 【详解】考查动词。句意:酷热难耐,他不得不松开领带来凉快一下。have to do sth.意为“不得不做某事”,故本空应用动词形式。loosen意为“解开,松开”,符合语境。 4. 【答案】to　 【详解】考查介词。句意:我知道我得向亨利道歉,即便他也做了些伤害我的感情的事。apologise to sb.意为“向某人道歉”。故填to。 5. 【答案】strategies　 【详解】考查名词的数。句意:我一直在尝试这些策略,并且我发现当我少一些限制时,他们确实能做出更好的决策。strategy意为“策略,行动计划”时,为可数名词,此处被these修饰,因此用复数形式。故填strategies。 6. 【答案】to perform　 【详解】考查不定式。句意:有了良好的态度和强烈的学习兴趣,学生们一定会表现得很好。be sure to do sth.意为“肯定会做某事,一定会做某事”,为固定用法。故填to perform。 7. 【答案】be resolved　 【详解】考查被动语态。句意:这段经历教会我,冲突可以通过开放的沟通和相互理解来解决。resolve和conflicts之间为被动关系,故本空应用被动语态。空前有情态动词can,故填be resolved。 8. 【答案】am concerned;concerning　 【详解】考查固定短语和介词。句意:就我而言,有关公司未来的问题值得讨论。as far as I am concerned意为“就我而言”,为固定短语,所以第一空填am concerned。结合句意可知,第二空填介词concerning,意为“关于”。 9. 【答案】from　 【详解】考查介词。句意:除了身体上的准备,你还需要做一些心理准备。apart from意为“除了……外(还)”,故本空应用介词from。 10. 【答案】independence　 【详解】考查名词。句意:这是一本令人愉悦的读物,展现了独立、友谊的真正含义以及成长的挑战。本空作动词shows的宾语,应用名词形式,independence意为“独立”,为不可数名词,符合语境。 11. 【答案】Frankly　 【详解】考查副词。句意:坦率地说,我很难适应这个城市快节奏的生活方式。frankly speaking意为“坦率地说”。 12. 【答案】for　 【详解】考查介词。句意:他去健身房的一个原因是在一天紧张的工作后发泄情绪。one/the/a reason for (doing) sth.意为“(做) 某事的原因”,故本空应用介词for。 13. 【答案】to　 【详解】考查介词。句意:就我而言,在某种程度上,她说的话是真实的。to some extent意为“在某种程度上”,故本空应用介词to。 14. 【答案】feeling　 【详解】考查动名词。句意:尽管感到被朋友辜负,但他还是选择了原谅他们。despite是介词,意为“即使,尽管”,其后应跟名词、代词或动名词形式,设空处提示词是动词feel,故填feeling。 15. 【答案】that　 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:锻炼有益于身心健康,这是众所周知的事。本空引导同位语从句,作common knowledge的同位语,从句中不缺成分,且空处无具体词义,故应用that。注意:同位语从句中的引导词that不可省略。 16. 【答案】Written　 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这首诗写于七百多年前,(现在)在中国仍然很受欢迎。本空在句中作状语,动词write和句子主语this poem之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词形式。 17. 【答案】effective　 【详解】考查形容词。句意:培养有效的沟通技能需要时间,但其带来的效果是值得付出努力的。本空修饰名词短语communication skills,故应用形容词effective,意为“有效的”。 18. 【答案】reality　 【详解】考查名词。句意:当汤姆年满18岁时,他决定是时候将自己的梦想变为现实了。根据空前冠词a可知,本空应用名词reality,意为“现实的东西”。make sth. a reality意为“使某事成为现实”。 19. 【答案】contribution　 【详解】考查名词。句意:如果每个人都能做出一点点贡献并提供帮助,那么我们就能很快解决这个问题。根据空前冠词a和形容词small可知,本空应用名词形式。make a contribution意为“做出贡献”。 20. 【答案】shortage　 【详解】考查名词。句意:今年3月21日是世界睡眠日,青少年睡眠不足的问题已成为焦点。设空处作介词of的宾语,应用名词形式。sleep shortage意为“睡眠不足”。 21. 【答案】To;of　 【详解】考查介词。句意:让她非常庆幸的是,法官免除了她的高额罚款,表示是系统的故障导致了误会。to one's relief意为“令某人欣慰/庆幸的是”,故第一空应用介词To;relieve sb. of sth.意为“解除某人的负担”,故第二空应用介词of。 22. 【答案】achievement　 【详解】考查名词。此处表示“给你一种成就感”。a sense of achievement意为“一种成就感”。 23. 【答案】With　 【详解】考查介词。句意:在政府的帮助下,那些受地震影响的人已经搬到新的定居点。with the aid of...意为“在……的帮助下”。 24. 【答案】treatment　 【详解】考查名词。句意:布鲁克几乎含着泪提到,这些取暖器是为她丈夫准备的,他在接受重病治疗期间需要保暖。根据空前介词during和形容词性物主代词his可知,本空应用名词treatment,意为“治疗”。 25. 【答案】temporarily　 【详解】考查副词。句意:纳塔莉的学校受损严重,她不得不暂时去布鲁克林的一所学校上学。本空修饰动词attend,应用副词形式。故填temporarily。 26. 【答案】majority　 【详解】考查名词。句意:大多数西方城市都围绕着汽车的需求进行了彻底的重新设计。根据空前定冠词The和空后介词of可知,本空应用名词形式。the majority of意为“大多数……”。 27. 【答案】obtained　 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:从观察和实验中获得的证据常被用来证实科学理论。分析句子可知, “　　　(obtain) from observation and experiment”作后置定语,修饰名词Evidence,且Evidence与动词obtain之间为被动关系,故此处应用过去分词作后置定语。故填obtained。  28. 【答案】where　 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:我小时候经常去玩的那个公园现在已经变成了购物中心。分析句子可知,本句主干为“The park has now been turned into a shopping center.”。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词park,表地点,本空在从句中作地点状语,故应用关系副词where引导。 29. 【答案】flexibly　 【详解】考查副词。句意:作为一名教师,她会根据学生们的实时反馈灵活规划课程。设空处修饰动词plans,应用副词形式。故填flexibly。 30. 【答案】of　 【详解】考查介词。句意:成年意味着在保持坚定的自我意识的同时,能够识别并管理自己的情绪与行为。be capable of doing sth.意为“有能力做某事”,故本空应填介词of。 31. 【答案】to write　 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:回到家后,我萌生了记录这段经历的渴望——不同于往常为其他网站或报刊撰稿。the desire to do sth.意为“做某事的渴望”,desire后常接不定式作后置定语。故填to write。 32. 【答案】be computed　 【详解】考查被动语态。句意:由于数据不足,只有在进一步研究后才能计算出确切的成本。compute和主语costs之间为被动关系, 应用被动语态,空前为情态动词,故填be computed。 33. 【答案】shooting　 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:然后杰夫注意到锅里冒出蒸汽,锅盖开始摇晃。分析句子可知, “noticed steam 　　　(shoot) out of the pot”为“notice+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语steam和动词shoot之间为主动关系,且结合空后“the lid starting to shake”可知,此处表示动作正在进行,故本空应用现在分词形式。故填shooting。  34. 【答案】whose　 【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这对夫妇希望有一天能与那些女士重逢,她们的慷慨和体贴对他们的生活产生了深远的影响。本空引导定语从句,修饰先行词the women,本空在从句中作定语,修饰名词短语generosity and consideration,故应用关系代词whose。 35. 【答案】declaration　 【详解】考查名词。句意:该慈善机构发表了一份公开声明,对这笔慷慨的捐赠表示感谢。根据空前冠词a和形容词public可知,本空应用名词declaration,意为“公告;宣告”。 36. 【答案】to　 【详解】考查介词。句意:成功的感觉不再与我获得的分数有关,而是与学习本身的纯粹乐趣有关。be attached to意为“与……联系起来”,故本空应用介词to。 37. 【答案】entirely　 【详解】考查副词。句意:它可以是一个非常有效的工具,但其有用性或无用性完全取决于你的态度。设空处修饰depends on,应用副词形式。故填entirely。 38. 【答案】on　 【详解】考查介词。句意:该团队因对环保项目的重大贡献而获奖。on account of意为“由于”,故填on。 39. 【答案】is　 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:下周布朗先生将和他的三个孩子去访问北京。根据时间状语next week及空后的going to可知,此处应用一般将来时;当主语后面跟有along with短语时,谓语动词不受该短语的影响,其人称和数仍然与主语保持一致,本题中谓语动词的人称和数应和Mr. Brown保持一致,故填is。 40. 【答案】conducted　 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这家外国公司开展的最新调查发现,超过12%的青少年想当飞行员。本空在句中作定语, 修饰名词survey, 被修饰名词survey和动词conduct之间为被动关系, 故本空应用过去分词形式。故填conducted。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） （1） 1.被突然的声响吓到,孩子躲在妈妈身后,小手紧紧抓住她。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, the child hid behind his mother, his small hands gripping her. 2.从这扇窗户望出去,这座山的南麓是树的海洋。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. 3.被他的话感动,她不禁流下了几滴眼泪。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, she couldn't help but shed a few tears. 4.这个农场位于城市西边,有蔬菜、水果等多种农作物。(一句多译) ①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, the farm has a wide range of crops such as vegetables and fruits.( ②The farm,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, has a wide range of crops such as vegetables and fruits.(定语从句)  5.Tom was absorbed in his work, so he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(句型转换) →　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(过去分词作状语)  →　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(现在分词作状语)  【答案】1.Frightened by the sudden noise　2.Seen from the window　3.Touched/Moved by his words　4.①Located/Situated in the west of the city　②which is located/situated in the west of the city　5.Absorbed in his work;Absorbing himself in his work （2） 一．单句语法填空 1.(2024浙江1月)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs 　　　　　(design) with two halves containing separate portions(份).  2.(2025四川成都蓉城联盟期中)A carbon footprint refers to the amount of carbon dioxide 　　　　　(cause) by human activities.  3.My father always tells me never to touch things 　　　　　(belong) to others without permission.  二．用过去分词作定语改写下列句子 1.The government decided to rebuild the bridge that had been damaged. →The government decided to rebuild the 　　　　 　　　　.  2.Classic works were written by famous writers and they present great thoughts through interesting stories and language. →Classic works, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, present great thoughts through interesting stories and language.  1． 【答案】1.designed　 【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意:在过去的两年里,一些超市开始以一分为二、独立包装的方式销售鸡肉或沙拉。分析句子可知,设空处和谓语之间不是并列关系,所以设空处为非谓语动词。design和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系,且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填designed。 2. 【答案】caused　 【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意:碳足迹是指人们活动所产生的二氧化碳的量。本空在句中作定语,修饰carbon dioxide,carbon dioxide和动词cause之间为被动关系,故本空应用过去分词形式。故填caused。 3. 【答案】belonging　 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意:我父亲总是告诉我,未经允许不要碰属于别人的东西。本空作定语,被修饰名词things和belong to之间为主动关系,故本空应用现在分词作定语。故填belonging。 二．【答案】1.damaged bridge　2.written by famous writers （3） 一．单句语法填空 1.With the help of high technology, more and more new substances 　　　　　(discover) in the past few years.  2.(2025山东泰安期中)Holi (洒红节) is a cheerful festival that 　　　　　(celebrate) in India for centuries.   3.In the last few years, great changes　　　　　(take) place in my hometown, where a lot of new houses　　　　　(build).  二． 　　Have you ever heard of Uluru? Actually, it 　1　(call) Ayers Rock by some people, too. Located in Australia, Uluru is a large sandstone rock formation. Uluru used to be open to the public. However, it 　2　 (close) since October 26, 2019. Uluru 　3　(consider) a major attraction for decades and tourists from all over the world 　4　(attract) by it. It's said that the ban (禁令) 　5　(announce) in 2007 for the first time and most visitors observed it. Australia's tourist association said that the rock 　6　(climb) by only 16 percent of visitors since 2017. A local man named Rameth Thomas explained to the BBC how important the rock is to the people. “I 　7　(tell) that the place is very sacred (神圣的) since my childhood. Our stories are all on the rock,” said Thomas.  一．1.【答案】have been discovered　 【详解】句意:在高科技的帮助下,在过去的几年中发现了越来越多的新物质。根据时间状语in the past few years可知应用现在完成时,且more and more new substances与discover之间为被动关系,故用现在完成时的被动语态。 2. 【答案】has been celebrated 【详解】句意:洒红节是一个欢乐的节日,在印度已经庆祝了几个世纪。根据时间状语for centuries可知, 设空处表示的动作从过去开始一直持续到现在,并将继续持续下去,动词celebrate与主语that(指代名词festival)之间是被动关系,故用现在完成时的被动语态。 3. 【答案】have taken;have been built　 【详解】句意:在过去的几年里,我的家乡发生了很大的变化,建起了很多新房子。根据语境及时间状语In the last few years可知两空都用现在完成时,great changes与take place为主动关系,因此第一空应用主动语态;houses与build之间是被动关系,所以第二空应用被动语态。 二．1.【答案】is called　 【详解】句意:事实上,它也被一些人称为艾尔斯岩。此处表示客观事实,且it与call之间为被动关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态。 2. 【答案】has been closed　 【详解】句意:然而,它自2019年10月26日以来一直被关闭。根据时间状语“since October 26, 2019”可知,应用现在完成时,且it与close之间为被动关系,故用现在完成时的被动语态。 3. 【答案】has been considered　 【详解】句意:乌卢鲁巨石几十年来一直被认为是一个主要的景点,来自世界各地的游客都被它吸引。根据语境可知,此处应用现在完成时,Uluru与consider之间为被动关系,故此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。 4. 【答案】have been attracted　 【详解】句意见上题。根据语境可知此处应用现在完成时,tourists与attract之间为被动关系,故此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。 5. 【答案】was announced　 【详解】句意:据说这项禁令于2007年首次宣布,大多数游客都遵守了。根据时间状语in 2007可知,此处应用一般过去时,the ban与announce之间为被动关系,故此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。 6. 【答案】has been climbed　 【详解】句意:澳大利亚旅游协会表示,自2017年以来,只有16%的游客爬过这个岩石。根据时间状语since 2017可知,应用现在完成时,the rock与climb之间为被动关系,故此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。 7. 【答案】have been told　 【详解】句意:从小就有人告诉我这个地方是非常神圣的……。根据时间状语since my childhood可知,应用现在完成时,I 与tell之间为被动关系,故此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。 综合拓展练（测试时间：15分钟） （1） (2025安徽六安期中) 　　We all know that forgiving yourself and others can bring you peace of mind. Recently, a new study published in the journal Psychology and Health 　1　(find) that forgiveness may help you sleep well, too. Researchers 　2　(lead) by Luther College's psychology professor Loren Toussaint surveyed nearly 1,500 American adults to determine how likely they were 　3　(forgive) both themselves for their own fault and others for hurting them. Then the participants were asked quite a few questions about their sleep quality, life 　4　(satisfy), and overall physical health. Their findings show that people who were forgiving slept much 　5　(well) at night, and, in turn, were happier and healthier than those 　6　 went to bed in anger.  　　The results led the researchers to conclude that forgiveness of others and self-forgiveness may help create a 　7　(peace) mental state that supports sound sleep, which is connected 　8　 better health. Of course, forgiving yourself or someone else isn't always easy. According to Karen Swartz, a doctor of The Johns Hopkins Hospital, it is about more than just saying the words. “It is an active process in which you make a decision to let go of negative feelings,” Swartz explains.   　　Anger can trap you in a tangled web of resentment that affects your well-being 　9　(dramatic). So, next time you can't sleep at night, why not give forgiveness 　10　 try? It's certain that it can make you feel better the next day.  语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。发表在《心理与健康》杂志上的一项新研究发现,宽恕也可以帮助你睡得好。 1. 【答案】has found　 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:最近,发表在《心理与健康》杂志上的一项新研究发现,宽恕也可能帮助你睡得好。分析句子可知,设空处为主句的谓语,根据时间状语Recently可知,本空应用现在完成时,主语a new study表示单数,助动词用has。故填has found。 2. 【答案】led　 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:由路德学院心理学教授Loren Toussaint领导的研究人员对近1,500名美国成年人进行了调查,以查明他们原谅自己的过错和原谅别人伤害他们的可能性。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语surveyed,所以设空处为非谓语动词,lead与Researchers之间是被动关系,需用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填led。 3. 【答案】to forgive　 【详解】考查非谓语动词。be likely to do sth.表示“有可能做某事”,故填to forgive。 4. 【答案】satisfaction　 【详解】考查名词。句意:然后,参与者被问及许多有关他们的睡眠质量、生活满意度和整体健康状况的问题。设空处应用名词,与前面的life构成一个名词短语,并与sleep quality和overall physical health并列,故填satisfaction,意为“满意”。 5. 【答案】better　 【详解】考查副词比较级。句意:他们的研究结果表明,宽容的人晚上睡得更好,反过来,也比那些带着愤怒上床睡觉的人更快乐、更健康。结合语境可知,此处应用比较级,空前的much也是比较级的标志。故填better。 6. 【答案】who　 【详解】考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词those,指人,关系词在从句中作主语。故填who。 7. 【答案】peaceful　 【详解】考查形容词。句意:研究结果使研究人员得出结论,宽恕他人和自我宽恕可能有助于创造一种平静的精神状态,从而支持良好的睡眠,这与更好的健康有关。设空处修饰名词短语mental state,应用形容词peaceful,意为“平静的”。 8. 【答案】with　 【详解】考查介词。be connected with 是固定短语,表示“与……有关”。故填with。 9.【答案】dramatically　考查副词。本空修饰动词affects,故应用副词dramatically,意为“显著地”。 10.【答案】a　 【详解】考查冠词。句意:所以,下次你晚上睡不着的时候,为什么不试着原谅呢?give sth. a try意为“尝试一下某事”。故填a。 （2） (2025广东六校联考) 　　A nine-year-old girl who is passionate about reading has turned a telephone box 　1　 a mini library. Nunu, from Endon, Staffordshire, 　2　(inspire) to set up the library to offer books to more people in the village. She had 　3　(original) set up a book swap (交换) box for local residents at the Endon Little Learners Playgroup.  　　Her grandpa James Biddulph said she had been 　4　(shock) when she had heard that one in eight children had never had a book of their own. The youngster, 　5　 favourite authors are Roald Dahl and David Walliams, received support for the book swap box in the form of a 　6　(donate) of books from Stoke Reads, where she is also a junior literacy(识字) champion.  　　Eager 　7　(offer) books to more people, she approached the Endon Parish Council about checking if she could use an abandoned phone box, by the junction(交叉路口) of Brook Lane 　8　 Brook-side Drive, to store more books.  　　She set about 　9　(clean) the phone box and asked a local firm to aid her in fixing 　10　(shelf) and replace some pieces of broken glass. Then, she had two boxes of donated books to fill the new phone box library.  语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位热爱阅读的九岁女孩将公用电话亭改造成迷你图书馆,为更多人提供书籍的故事。 1. 【答案】into　 【详解】考查介词。句意:一个热爱阅读的九岁女孩把一个公用电话亭变成了迷你图书馆。turn...into...意为“把……变成……”。故填into。 2. 【答案】was inspired　 【详解】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。本空在句中充当谓语,此处描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,且主语Nunu与inspire之间为被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,助动词用was。故填was inspired。 3. 【答案】originally　 【详解】考查副词。此处修饰谓语,应用副词作状语,originally意为“最初”,符合语境。故填originally。 4. 【答案】shocked　 【详解】考查形容词。句意:她的爷爷James Biddulph说,当她听说八分之一的孩子从未有过自己的书时,她感到震惊。设空处作表语,修饰人,应用shocked,意为“感到震惊的”。故填shocked。 5. 【答案】whose　 【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这个小孩最喜欢的作家是罗尔德·达尔和大卫·威廉姆斯,她收到了斯托克阅读组织捐赠的书籍,以支持这个图书交换箱,她也是该组织的初级识字冠军。设空处所在部分为定语从句,先行词为The youngster,与空后的favourite authors之间为所属关系,所以用关系代词whose。故填whose。 6. 【答案】donation　 【详解】考查名词。空前有不定冠词a,此处应用单数名词。故填donation。 7. 【答案】to offer　 【详解】考查非谓语动词。此处为形容词作状语,(be) eager to do sth.意为“渴望做某事”,因此设空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to offer。 8. 【答案】and　 【详解】考查连词。此处连接两个并列的地点名词Brook Lane和Brook-side Drive,表示“和”,故填and。 9. 【答案】cleaning　 【详解】考查非谓语动词。set about doing sth.意为“开始做某事”,此处应用动名词作宾语。故填cleaning。 10. 【答案】shelves　 【详解】考查名词复数。shelf为可数名词,空前无限定词,所以此处应用名词复数形式表示泛指意义。故填shelves。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 必修第三册Unit1~Unit3（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 掌握必修第三册Unit1~Unit3中32个重点词句的用法 复习难点： 掌握必修第三册Unit1~Unit3中3个重点语法知识 1.过去分词(短语)作状语 2.过去分词(短语)作定语 3.现在完成时的被动语态 考情规律 语境运用：侧重在具体语境中的选择，以及短语的搭配（完形填空、语法填空题中）。 知识点1 help out帮一把 ①help sb. out帮某人一把 ②help (sb.) out with  sth.在某事上帮(某人的)忙 含有help的其他常用搭配: ①with the help of sb.=with sb.'s help在某人的帮助下 ②be of help to sb.=be helpful to sb.对某人有帮助 例Hearing that you are interested in learning Chinese, I would like to share some constructive suggestions, which might be to you.听说你对学习汉语感兴趣,我想分享一些建设性的建议,这些建议可能会对你有所帮助。 ③help (sb.) (to) do sth.帮助(某人)做某事 ④help (sb.) with sth./in doing sth.帮助(某人)做某事 例I like my mother with the housework.我喜欢帮妈妈做家务。 ⑤can't help doing sth.=can't help but do sth.忍不住做某事 例The girl missed her father so much that she couldn't help .这个女孩非常想念她的父亲,以至于忍不住哭了起来。 ⑥help yourself请自便 知识点2 let down使失望,辜负 let down除了表示“使失望,辜负”外,还有“放下 ;(把衣服、裙子、外套等)放长;放出(褶边)”的意思。 含有let的其他常用短语: ①let out发出(叫声等);下课;结束;加宽(衣服等) 例Seeing the snake, the girl couldn't help out a cry of horror.看到那条蛇的时候,女孩忍不住发出惊恐的叫声。 ②let alone更不用说 ③let go (of sb./sth.)松手,放开;放弃 ④let in让(空气、光线或水等)进入 ⑤let off使爆炸 例After dinner, all his family members went to the yard to let fireworks.晚饭后,他的家人们都到院子里放烟花。 知识点3 fault n.责任,过错 v.找……的缺点;挑剔;指责 ①be sb.'s fault for   doing sth.做某事是某人的错 ②find fault with   ...找……的茬儿;对……挑剔 ③at  fault 有过错的;有责任的 ①faulty adj.有故障的,有缺陷的;错误的 例Ask for a if the goods are faulty.商品如有缺陷,可要求退款。 ②faultless adj.完美无缺的 知识点4 breath n.一口气;呼出的气;呼吸 ①take   a deep breath深吸一口气 ②out of  breath气喘吁吁,上气不接下气(表状态) ③catch  one's breath喘口气,歇一口气 ④hold one's breath闭气;屏息以待 ⑤take one’s breath away 　令人惊叹;让人叹绝  ①breathe v.呼吸 breathe in/out吸/呼气 例The doctor told me to in deeply and breathe out slowly.医生告诉我先深深吸气,然后慢慢呼气。 ②breathless adj.气喘吁吁的,上气不接下气的 例 as he felt, he still managed to pull the old man out of the burning house.尽管他感到呼吸困难,但他还是设法把老人从燃烧着的房子里救了出来。  知识点5 concern n.忧虑,担心 v.与……有关;涉及;使担忧;关心 ①show/express concern over   /about/for sb./sth.表达对某人/某事的担忧/关心 ②concern oneself with/about   sth.关心某事;担心某事 ①concerned adj.担忧的,焦急的(作前置定语);(与某事)有关的,有牵连的(作后置定语) be concerned about/for担心/挂念…… be concerned with与……有关 as far as sb. be concerned在某人看来 as far as sth. be concerned就某事而言 例Concerned the exam result, she can hardly fall asleep, lying in bed awake.由于担心考试结果,她醒着躺在床上,几乎无法入睡。 ②concerning prep.关于 例She showed the pictures hanging on the walls, excitedly sharing her stories her students.她展示了挂在墙上的照片,兴奋地分享了关于她的学生的故事。 知识点6 annoyed adj.恼怒的,烦恼的 ①be/get annoyed　with   sb.生某人的气 ②be/get annoyed　at/about/by    sth.对某事恼火 ③be annoyed that... 因……生气 ①annoy vt.使恼怒;使生气 It really annoys sb. to do sth./that.../when...做某事/……让某人很生气。 例It really me when I see people dropping litter.看到人们乱丢垃圾我非常生气。 ②annoying adj.使人气恼的;讨厌的(一般修饰事物) 例The knocks on the door woke her up so she had to drag herself out of bed.恼人的敲门声把她吵醒了,所以她不得不挣扎着从床上爬起来。 ③annoyance n.[U]恼怒;生气;[C]使人烦恼的事物 (much)to one's annoyance让某人(非常)烦恼的是 知识点7 adjust v.适应,(使)习惯;调整 ①adjust to (doing   ) sth.适应/习惯(做)某事 ②adjust oneself to   (doing) sth.使自己适应/习惯(做)某事 ③adjust...　to    ... 调整……以适应…… ①adjustment n.调整;适应 make an adjustment/adjustments to...对……作出调整 例It seems that you should make some to your original travel plan.看来你应该对原来的旅行计划作一些调整。 ②adjustable adj.可调整的;可调节的 知识点8 forgive v.(forgave, forgiven)原谅,宽恕 ①forgive sb. (sth.)原谅某人(某事) ②forgive sb. 　for   (doing) sth.原谅某人(做了)某事 ③forgive and forget 不念旧恶;不记仇 forgiveness n.原谅;宽恕 例What happened today made me realize that is a kind of virtue.今天发生的事情让我意识到宽恕是一种美德。 知识点9 criticise (criticize) v.批评;指责 criticise sb. for   (doing) sth.因为(做)某事而批评某人 ①criticism n.批评,批判;指责 ②critical adj.批评的,挑剔的;关键的;危急的 be critical of...挑剔……;对……感到不满 be critical to...对……至关重要 例She taught me to be less of other people.她教育我不要太苛求于人。 例Good communication and team spirit are critical the success of our team.良好的沟通和团队精神对我们团队的成功至关重要。 ③critically adv.批评性地;危急地;很大程度上 例Learning to think is an important skill today's children will need for the future.学会批判性地思考是当今的孩子们为了未来(的发展)所需要具备的一项重要技能。 知识点10 embarrassment n.尴尬,难为情 ①to   sb.'s embarrassment令某人尴尬的是 ②in  embarrassment尴尬地,窘迫地 ①embarrass vt.使尴尬,使难堪 例Her questions about my private life me.她询问我的私生活的问题使我感到很尴尬。 ②embarrassed adj.窘迫的,尴尬的;拮据的 be embarrassed about/at sth.对某事感到尴尬 be embarrassed to do sth.对做某事感到尴尬 例He was at being the centre of attention.他因成为众人关注的焦点而感到尴尬。 ③embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的,令人难堪的 例Confronted with the situation, I was at a loss what to do.面对这种尴尬的局面,我不知道该怎么办了。 知识点11 independent adj.独立的 be independent of   ... 不依赖…… ①independence n.独立;自立 例Having a job gives you financial and a sense of satisfaction.有一份工作能给你经济上的独立和一种满足感。 ②independently adv.独立地;自立地 ③dependent adj.依赖的;依靠的;取决于 be dependent on/upon... 依赖……;依靠……;取决于…… 例The area is heavily dependent tourism.这个地区非常依赖旅游业。 ④dependence n.依赖;依靠 ⑤depend vi.依靠;信赖;决定于 depend on/upon...信赖……;依靠……;取决于…… it (all)/that depends那得看情况 知识点12 the+比较级..., the+比较级... “the+比较级..., the+比较级...”结构意为“　越……,(就)越…… ”,表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化。在通常情况下,前一个“the+比较级...”相当于条件状语  从句,后一个“the+比较级...”相当于主句。若后面用一般将来时,前面常用一般现在时 表将来。前后都可以有所省略,特别是在谚语、俗语中。 “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”,一般用作表语或状语,表达“变化过程”。 如果是多音节形容词或副词,则用“more and more+多音节形容词或副词原级”。 例Our life is becoming .我们的生活正变得越来越好。 例As the New Year neared, the children became .随着新年的临近,孩子们变得越来越兴奋。 知识点13 contribution n.贡献;捐款;稿件 make a contribution/contributions to    ...对……做出贡献;给……捐款 ①contribute v.捐献;贡献;捐(款);造成;投(稿) contribute...to...把……贡献给……;给……捐(款);往……投(稿) contribute to促成;导致 例The student volunteers their own time to helping the old people in the nursing home.学生志愿者贡献了自己的时间来帮助养老院的老人。 例The doctor said his bad eating habits might have to his heart disease.医生说他的不良饮食习惯可能导致了他的心脏病。 ②contributor n.投稿人;捐款人;促成因素 知识点14 relief n.减轻,缓解;宽慰,轻松 ①to sb.'s relief  (=to the relief of sb.)令某人宽慰的是 ②with/in     relief宽慰地/欣慰地 ③It's a relief 　to do    sth.做某事是令人宽慰的。 ④breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气 ⑤What a relief!终于放心了! ①relieve vt.缓解;减轻;解除 relieve sb. of sth.帮助某人减轻负担 例Domestic robots are of great help to housewives because they can them of household chores.家用机器人对家庭主妇有很大帮助,因为它们可以减轻她们的家务负担。 ②relieved adj.感到宽慰的;放心的 be relieved to see/hear/find/know...看到/听到/发现/知道……很宽慰 be relieved that...很宽慰…… 例I'm that you could tell me the truth bravely.你能勇敢地告诉我真相,我感到很宽慰。 知识点15 effective adj.有效的,产生预期效果的;实际的;生效的 ①effectively adv.有效地;实际上;事实上 ②effect n.效果;作用;影响 have an effect on...对……有影响 bring/put...into effect使……实施/生效 come into effect=take effect生效;开始实施 in effect事实上;在实行中;有效 例They have already begun to put the plans into .他们已经开始执行这些计划了。 例The new law will next month.新的法律将于下个月生效。 知识点16 donate v.捐赠,捐献 donate sth.to   ... 向……捐赠某物 例The gentleman has more than a million dollars the local charity during the past few years.在过去的几年里,这位先生向当地的慈善机构捐赠了一百多万美元。 ①donation n.捐赠物;捐赠 make a donation to...向……捐赠 ②donor n.捐赠者;献血者 知识点17 turn out出席,参加 turn out除了表示“出席,参加”外,还有“关掉(灯或热源)  ;证明是,结果是 ;生产,制造   ”的意思。 例Don't forget to the lights when you leave the room.离开房间时别忘了关灯。 含有turn的其他常用短语: ①turn around/round转身;翻转 ②turn down把……调低,关小;拒绝 ③turn in上交 ④turn (sb./sth.) into (使某人/某物)变成 ⑤turn on/off打开/关掉(电流、煤气、水等) ⑥turn to求助于 ⑦turn up出现;到场;调高(音量等) 知识点18 break into a smile突然笑起来 含有break的常用短语: ①break into sth.强行闯入;突然开始(笑、哭、唱等) break into tears突然哭了起来 break into laughter突然大笑 ②break in打断;强行进入 ③break away (from sb./sth.)突然(从……)挣脱;(从……)逃脱 ④break down出故障;垮掉;使分解(为) ⑤break out(不愉快之事)爆发,突然发生 ⑥break up(关系)破裂;分手;(会议、聚会)解散 ⑦break through取得突破;冲破 特别提醒 break into和break in都有“强行进入”的意思,但两者用法有所区别。break into是及物动词短语,后接宾语,可以用于被动语态;break in是不及物动词短语,后面不接宾语,也不能用于被动语态。 例They were discussing something important when a man , which took everyone by surprise.他们正在讨论重要的事情,这时一个男人闯了进来,这让所有人都大吃一惊。 例We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had the office.我们上午到达上班地点时发现有人闯入办公室了。 知识点19 generous adj.慷慨的,大方的 ①be generous to   sb.对某人大方 ②be generous with   sth.在某事/物方面慷慨/大方 ③It is generous of  sb. to do   sth.某人做某事是大方的。 例Although he was poor, he was quite to his needy friends.他虽穷,但对贫困的朋友很大方。 He is generous his money but miserly with his time.他不吝惜钱,但对时间却很吝啬。 It was generous you to share your food with me.你把食物与我分享,真慷慨。 ①generously adv.慷慨地 ②generosity n.慷慨;大方 知识点20 hesitate v.迟疑,犹豫;顾虑 ①hesitate about/over    (doing) sth.对(做)某事犹豫不决 ②don't hesitate to do  sth.尽管做某事,毫不犹豫地做某事 例If you have difficulties, don't hesitate turn to us for help.如果你有困难,尽管来找我们帮忙。 After arriving there, he hesitated whether he should go in.到达那里后,他犹豫是否要进去。 ①hesitation n.犹豫,踌躇;勉强 without hesitation毫不犹豫地 例Once I decide what I want to do, I will do it hesitation.我一旦决定想做什么,就会毫不犹豫地去做。 ②hesitant adj.犹豫的;踌躇的;不情愿的 知识点21 assistance n.帮助,援助 ①with the assistance of...在……的帮助下 ②come to  one's assistance来帮助某人 ③be of   assistance (to...) (对……)有帮助 例They always come to my whenever I need a helping hand.无论我什么时候需要帮助,他们总会来帮我。 Some argue that ChatGPT is learning because it can improve students' learning efficiency.一些人提出证据认为ChatGPT对学习有所帮助,因为它可以提高学生的学习效率。 ①assist v.帮助;协助 assist (sb.) with/in sth.帮助(某人)某事 assist (sb.) in doing sth.帮助(某人)做某事 例I always my parents in doing the dishes after meals.在饭后我总是帮助我的父母洗碗。 ②assistant n.助手,助理 知识点22 aid v.帮助,援助 n.援助;帮助;辅助设备 ①aid sb. (with/in   sth.)(在某方面)帮助某人 ②aid (sb./sth.)in   doing sth.帮助(某人/某物)做某事 ③with the aid of...    在……的帮助下 ④in    aid of...为了帮助…… ⑤come to /go to sb.'s aid帮助某人 ⑥a hearing aid助听器 例The local community aided us our search.当地社区协助我们的搜寻工作。 The can aid students in learning new words.该应用程序可以帮助学生们学习新单词。 With the of a neighbor, he managed to put out the fire.他在邻居的帮助下把火扑灭了。 We are collecting money the people whose houses were destroyed in the earthquake.我们正在筹集资金,以援助在地震中房屋被毁的人们。 知识点23 not...but...不是……而是…… ①not...but...是连词词组,用于连接两个并列的成分,连接的两个成分可以作主语、谓语、宾语或者表语等。 ②not...but...连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词的人称和数遵循“　就近原则    ”,即谓语动词与　but    后的成分在人称和数上保持一致。 例I work because I have to, because I want to.我工作不是因为我不得不工作,而是因为我想工作。 Tom's parents Tom wants to go fishing tomorrow.不是汤姆的父母而是汤姆想明天去钓鱼。 It is I you that should apologise for the mistake.应该为这个错误道歉的不是我而是你。 遵循“就近原则”的连词词组还有:either...or...(或者……或者……),neither...nor...(既不…… 也不……),not only...but also...(不但……而且……)等。 例Either you or I going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。 例Not only I but also he very proud of the progress you have made.不仅我而且他也对你所取得的进步感到非常骄傲。 知识点24 On/Upon doing sth....一做某事就…… On/Upon doing sth....意为“一做某事就……”,是介词短语作时间状语,可以转换为一个时间状语从句。 例On/Upon the bad news, she couldn't help crying.一听到这个糟糕的消息,她就禁不住哭了起来。 结构拓展 ①“on/upon+(one's+)名词”也可表示“一……就……”,常用于该结构的名词有return、arrival等。 例Guests can have dinner on/upon at the hotel.旅客一到旅馆即可就餐。 There was a letter for him on his return.他一回来就有一封信在等着他看。 ②引导时间状语从句,表示“一……就……”的词汇或结构有: a.immediately, instantly, directly b.the moment, the instant, the minute c.as soon as d.no sooner...than..., hardly/barely/scarcely...when... 例The I heard the voice, I knew my father was coming.我一听到那个声音,就知道我父亲来了。 We'll leave in the morning as as it's light.明天早晨天一亮我们就出发。 had she sat when she heard someone knocking at the door.她一坐下来就听见有人敲门。 知识点25 in addition除此之外,另外 in addition相当于副词,通常用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开,其用法相当于　besides  、moreover  、furthermore、what's more。 例I can operate all kinds of office software skillfully. (=Besides/Moreover/Furthermore/What's more), I have a good command of English and a serious working attitude.我能熟练操作各种办公软件。另外,我精通英语并且有认真的工作态度。 in addition to意为“除……之外还”,是介词词组,其后应接名词、代词、动名词等,相当于besides/as well as/apart from。 例 practical skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community.除了实用技能外,普鲁伊特的课程还教授团队合作,鼓励自我价值感,并促进集体感。  知识点26 capable adj.有能力的 be capable of (doing) sth.有能力做某事 例You never know what you are capable until you force yourself to do it.如果你不强迫自己去做的话,你永远不知道你能做什么。 ①incapable adj.无能力的 ②capably adv.能干地 ③capability n.能力;才能 have the capability to do/of doing sth.有做某事的能力 例You have the to create/of creating your own happiness.你有能力创造自己的幸福。 知识点26 desire n.渴望,欲望;愿望 v.渴望;期望 ①have a desire for   sth.渴望某物 ②have a desire to do   sth.渴望做某事 ③meet/satisfy one's desire满足某人的愿望 ④desire to do    sth.渴望做某事 ⑤desire sb. to do   sth.想要/希望某人做某事 例In order to achieve goals, you must have a strong to do so.要实现目标,你必须有实现它们的强烈愿望。 Everyone has a desire success, but not everyone has the courage and determination to pursue it.每个人都渴望成功,但不是每个人都有勇气与决心去追求成功。 She desires be a dancer when she grows up.她渴望长大以后能成为一名舞蹈家。 The girl desired him buy some flowers for her, but he didn't.女孩想让他给她买些花,但他并没买。 ①desired adj.渴望的;想要的;预期的 ②desirable adj.想望的;值得拥有的;值得做的 知识点27 beyond prep.无法……;超过…… adv.在另一边;在更远处 ①beyond one's 　reach   超出某人能力所及范围;在某人够不着的地方 ②change beyond　recognition 变得认不出来;变得面目全非 ③beyond description    /words无法描述,难以言表 ④beyond　imagination  超乎想象 ⑤beyond (one's)　expectations 出乎(某人的)意料 ⑥beyond one's control超出某人的控制;不受某人的控制 ⑦beyond compare无与伦比 ⑧beyond belief令人无法相信 例The goods are priced beyond our .商品的价格超出了我们的承受能力。 The beauty of the peach blossom is beyond .桃花的美丽难以形容。 The town has changed beyond during the last decade.在过去的十年里,这座小镇已经变得让人认不出来了。 The damage that staying up late can do to our health is beyond .熬夜对我们健康所造成的伤害是超乎想象的。 It was really beyond my because I never thought I could have this honor of being given this award. 这真的出乎我的预料,因为我从未想过我能有这样的荣幸获得这个奖。 知识点28 injure v.使受伤,弄伤 injure sb.'s pride   /feelings/reputation伤害某人的自尊/情感/名誉 例Parents should avoid criticizing children in public places, for it might their pride.父母应该避免在公共场合批评孩子,因为这可能会伤害他们的自尊。 ①injured adj.受伤的;有伤的 be/get(badly/seriously) injured(严重)受伤 the injured受伤者 例Seeing no one was , we all breathed a sigh of relief.看到没有人受伤,我们都松了一口气。 After the accident, the were taken to the nearest hospital in no time.事故发生后,受伤的人立刻被送进了最近的医院。 ②injury n.损伤;伤害 do oneself an injury使某人自己受伤 (an) injury to...对……的伤害 例Don't get over the fence—you'll do yourself an .别越过栅栏——你会伤着自己的。 知识点29 origin n.起源,起因 ①the origin of  ...……的起源,……的起因 ②in  origin从起源上来说,从起因上来说 ③have one's origins in...起源于……,起因为…… 例The origin the word remains unclear.该词的来源尚不清楚。 Many words in the English language are French origin.英语中的许多词源于法语。 This particular custom has its in Wales.这一特殊风俗起源于威尔士。 易混辨析 origin 侧重指事物的起源或由来,也指人的出身。 He was not ashamed of his humble origins.他并不以自己出身低微为耻。 source 本义指河流或瀑布的源头,引申指某事的来源出处,但更多指抽象事物的根源或来源。 Your local library will be a useful source of information.你们当地的图书馆就是很好的资料来源。 root 通常指事物产生的原因或根源。 We have to get to the root of the problem.我们必须找到问题的根源。 ①originate vi.起源,发源,发端于 vt.创立 originate from/in sth.源自某事/地 例Chinese civilization originated this beautiful and abundant land.中华文明发源于这片美丽富饶的土地。 ②original adj.原先的,最早的,最初的 ③originally adv.最初;起初 知识点30 cure n.药剂;疗法;措施 v.治愈,治好;解决;矫正 ①a/the cure for   ...……的疗法;解决……的措施 ②cure sb. of sth.治愈某人的某种疾病;矫正某人的某种不良习惯 Many people hold a firm belief that the cure cancer will be found one day.许多人坚信有一天会找到治愈癌症的方法。 I couldn't thank you enough because it was your company that cured me my loneliness, sadness, anxiety and fear.我对您真是感激不尽,因为是您的陪伴化解了我的孤独、忧伤、焦虑和恐惧。 易混辨析 cure 意为“治愈”,常指治疗疾病、痛苦或改正恶习、弊害等,侧重结果。 常用“cure sb. of sth.”结构。 The doctor promised that the medicine would surely cure me of my toothache.医生保证这种药一定会治好我的牙痛。 treat 意为“治疗”,强调治疗的过程。常用“treat sb. for sth.”结构表示“治疗某人的 某种疾病”。 The doctor treated her for a stomach disorder last year.这位医生去年曾治疗过她的胃病。 heal 意为“(使)愈合,治愈”,指治愈伤口,其主语常用表示伤口或受伤部位的名词。 His injuries will take a long time to heal.他的伤需要很长一段时间才能好。 知识点31 attach v.系,绑;贴;把……附在……上;重视;和……在一起 ①attach A　to    B 把A固定/附/贴在B上 ②attach (much/great)importance  /significance to...认为……(非常)重要/(很)有意义 ③attach oneself to sb.和某人在一起;缠着某人 例Next, the Chinese character Fu was upside down to our front door.接着,汉字“福”被倒着贴在我们的前门上。 In my opinion, it is necessary to attach to our traditional festivals, for they're part of our culture. 在我看来,有必要重视我们的传统节日,因为它们是我们文化的一部分。 attached adj.非常喜欢……的;附属于……的 be attached to...喜爱……,依恋……;附属于…… 例The boy is very attached his grandparents because he was brought up by them.这个男孩非常依恋他的祖父母,因为他是由他们抚养长大的。 The research unit is to the university.这个研究单位附属于大学。 知识点32 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 ①若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式     (be通常用were ),主句谓语用“should/would/could/might+动词原形”。 ②若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用“had+过去分词 ”,主句谓语用“should/would/ could/might+have+过去分词”。 ③若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)、“　were to+动词原形  ”或“should+动词原形”,主句谓语用“should/would/could/might+动词原形”。 例If my brother here, everything would be all right.要是我哥哥在这儿,一切都没问题了。(与现在事实相反) If Julia practised hard enough before, she could have performed better on stage yesterday.如果朱莉娅以前练习得足够努力,她昨天在舞台上会表现得更好。(与过去事实相反) If the sun in the west, I would lend you the money.假如太阳从西边出来,我就借钱给你。(与将来事实相反) 除if条件句外,在下列情况下,也可以使用虚拟语气: ①Without..., sb./sth. would.../But for..., sb./sth. would...没……的话,某人/某物就…… 例 setbacks(=If there were no setbacks), our life would not be filled with wonderful stories.如果没有挫折,我们的人生就不会充满精彩的故事。 this experience(=If it hadn't been for this experience), I wouldn't have realized that I should spend more time with my family.要不是这次经历,我就不会意识到我应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。 ②If only...要是……就好了。 例“ I had listened to my mother's advice!” the little girl whispered to herself. “要是我当初听取了妈妈的建议该多好!”小女孩低声对自己说。 知识点33过去分词(短语)作状语 一、过去分词(短语)作状语的意义 用法归纳 (1)过去分词(短语)作状语表示被动或完成,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语,且与句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。 (2)过去分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。表示时间、原因、条件、让步时,过去分词(短语)可以转化成相应的状语从句;表示方式或 伴随时,可转化为并列分句。 例Seriously (=Because she was seriously injured), she was sent to hospital at once.由于受伤严重,她被立刻送往医院了。 from the top of the hill (=When it is seen from the top of the hill), the school looks like a big garden.从山顶上看时,这所学校就像一个大花园。 more attention (=If it had been given more attention), the fire could have been avoided.如果多加注意,这场火灾本来是可以避免的。 alone at home(=Although she was left alone at home), Jenny didn't feel afraid at all.虽然珍妮被一个人留在家里,但她一点也不感到害怕。 by his students, the teacher went into the lab.(=The teacher was surrounded by his students and he went into the lab.)这位老师在学生们的簇拥下走进实验室。 特别提醒 根据需要,有时也可在过去分词(短语)前加上相应的连词,如when、until、if、while、al- though、even if等,构成“连词+过去分词(短语)”结构,使其意义更加明确。 Even if (I am) invited, I won't take part in the party.即使邀请我,我也不会参加那个聚会。 二、过去分词(短语)作状语时的注意事项 用法归纳1 过去分词(短语)作状语时,分词的逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致;如果与句子的主语不一致,要在分词前加上逻辑主语,构成独立主格结构。 例The test , we'll have our summer vacation.考试结束以后,我们将放暑假。 Extra money to the poor, he felt very happy.因为把额外的钱给了穷人,他感到很高兴。 用法归纳2 有些过去分词(短语)源于系表结构,作状语时不表示被动关系,而重在描述主语的状态。常见的这样的过去分词(短语)有satisfied(满意的)、disappointed(失望的)、determined(下定决心的)、lost in /absorbed in(沉浸于)、seated(坐着的)、born in(出生于)、dressed in(穿着)、tired of(厌烦)、located in(位于)等。 例 in thought, he didn't hear the sound.由于沉浸于思考中,他没有听到那个声音。 in this beautiful town,he hates to leave it.出生于这个美丽的城镇,他不愿离开它。 in the center of Beijing, Beihai Park is one of the oldest royal gardens.北海公园位于北京市中心,是最古老的皇家园林之一。 三、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别 用法归纳 (1)作状语时,过去分词表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间存在被动关系;现在分词表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。 (2)过去分词作状语时,其动作通常发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前;现在分词作状语时,其动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生。 例 for a long time, the book looks very old.由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧。 the book, I found it very useful.在使用这本书时,我发现它很有用。 in a hurry, this article was not so good.因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好。 He went out, the door behind him.他出去后将门随手关上。 知识点34 过去分词(短语)作定语 一、过去分词(短语)作定语的位置 用法归纳1 单个的过去分词作定语通常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词的后面,相当于一个定语从句。 例The government decided to rebuild the bridge.政府决定重建那座被毁坏的桥。 Most of the people to the party didn't come.=Most of the people who were invited to the party didn't come.大部分被邀请参加派对的人没有来。 特别提醒 (1)有些过去分词表示特定含义,单独作定语时也放在被修饰的名词之后。如left(剩余的)、concerned(有关的)等。 There's little time left. Let's hurry up.几乎没有剩余的时间了。我们快点吧。 (2)单个的过去分词作定语修饰复合不定代词something、everything、anything、nothing、somebody、nobody等或指示代词those等时,要放在这些词的后面。 There is almost nothing changed since I left the town two years ago.自从我两年前离开这座城镇,这里几乎没什么变化。 用法归纳2 有些过去分词作定语既可前置也可后置,意义不变,但有些过去分词位于被修饰词前后不同的位置,则表示不同的意义。 例All the broken windows have been .=All the windows broken have been repaired.所有坏了的窗户都已经修好了。 The method is very efficient.所用的这个方法很有效。 This is a car worth only 5,000 yuan.这是一辆仅值5,000元的二手车。 二、过去分词作定语的意义 用法归纳 及物动词的过去分词作定语,具有被动或完成含义,抑或两者兼具;不及物 动词的过去分词作定语,只表示动作的完成,不表示被动意义。 例the leaves=the leaves that have fallen落叶 an honoured guest一位受尊敬的客人 the question discussed yesterday昨天讨论的问题 三、不同非谓语动词形式作定语的区别 用法归纳 语法 形式 意义 现在分词作定语 doing 表示主动或进行 being done 表示被动和进行 过去分词作定语 done 表示被动或完成 不定式作定语 to do 表示主动动作将要发生 to be done 表示被动动作将要发生 例The meeting yesterday was very important.昨天开的会议非常重要。 The meeting being is very important.正在召开的会议非常重要。 The meeting to be is very important.即将召开的会议非常重要。 She is for a place to live in.她正在寻找一个住处。 The child over there is my brother.站在那儿的小孩是我弟弟。 特别提醒 有些分词已被形容词化,动词-ing形式表示事物的性质,意为“令人……的”,过去分词表示 人内心的感受,意为“感到……的”。注意:分词修饰expression、look等词时,一般用过去分词。 The frightened look on her face told us that the girl was frightened by the frightening scene.那个女孩脸上惊恐的表情告诉我们她被可怕的情景吓到了。 知识点35 现在完成时的被动语态 一、现在完成时的被动语态的构成 用法归纳 现在完成时的被动语态的构成： 1. 肯定式：have/has been done 2. 否定式：have/has not been done 3. 疑问式：Have/Has+主语+ been done？ 例He has been to take part in the sports meeting.他已被挑选出来参加运动会。 Much attention has not been to students' English handwriting in some areas.在一些地区,学生们的英语书写还没有得到太多的重视。 I can't see any coffee in this cupboard.Has it all been ?我在这个橱柜里看不到咖啡。都喝完了吗? 二、现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态 (1)We have built many houses in the past ten years.→Many houses have been built by us in the past ten years. (2)We have given him the book. →He has been given the book by us. →The book has been given to him by us. (3)I have made her work hard.→She has been made to work hard by me. (4)He has thought of a way of doing it.→A way of doing it has been thought of by him. 用法归纳 1.由(1)可知,只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时,将原来的宾语变为被动句的主语。 2.由(2)可知,可跟双宾语的动词,如give、send、bring、take、teach、show、sing、write、 read、sell、buy、tell、lend、pass、promise等,变为被动语态时,可将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个保留。 3.由(3)可知,带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时,要将原来的宾语变为被动句的主语,原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。原来省略to的不定式作宾语补足语的,在被动语态中要还原to。 4.由(4)可知,短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,在被动语态中要保持其完整性,不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。 三、现在完成时的被动语态的用法 (1)The house has been up by my elder brother.我哥哥已经把房子打扫干净了。 (2)“China speed”has been new meanings in the past decade.在过去的十年间,“中国速度”已经被赋予了新的含义。 (3)Financial problems of the company have been for nearly two hours.公司的财务问题已经被讨论了将近两个小时。 (4)You will take over his job if he has been abroad.如果他被派往国外,你将接手他的工作。 (5)We won't start the work until all the preparations have been .直到所有的准备工作都做好了,我们才开始工作。 用法归纳 1.例句(1)(2)表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成 ,强调过去的动作对现在造成的 影响或产生的结果,常与时间状语just、already、yet、ever、recently、lately、so far、up to/till now、before、in the last/past few days等连用。 2.例句(3)表示一个被动的动作开始于过去,持续到现在 ,并且有可能继续持续下去, 常与带for或since的时间状语连用,或用于“How long...?”句型中。 3.例句(4)(5)表示在时间或条件等状语从句中,表示将来某时已完成的被动的动作, 可以用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 基础通关练（测试时间：15分钟） 单句语法填空 1.(2025新课标Ⅰ)I realized it was me who was 　　　　　 fault.   2.(2025四川成都期末)Like all children, I was always getting myself and the kitchen table 　　　　　 a mess when I first took an interest in painting.  3.The heat was unbearable, and he had to 　　　　　(loose) his tie to cool down.  4.(2025天津南开区期中)I knew I needed to apologise 　　　　　 Henry, even if he also did something that hurt my feelings.  5.(2025浙江1月)I've been trying out these 　　　　　(strategy) and I've found that when I'm less restrictive, they do make better decisions.   6.(2025江苏镇江期中)With a good attitude and a keen interest in learning, students are sure 　　　　　(perform) well.  7.This experience taught me that conflicts can 　　　　　(resolve) through open communication and mutual understanding.   8.As far as I 　　　　　(concern), the questions 　　　　　(concern)the future of the company are worth discussing.  9.(2025广东江门期中)Apart 　　　　　 physical preparations, you need to do some mental preparations.   10.(2025江苏南京二十九中月考)It is a delightful read that shows 　　　　　(independent), the true meaning of friendship and the challenges of growing up.   11.　　　　　(frank) speaking, it is difficult for me to adjust to the fast-paced lifestyle in this city.  12.One reason 　　　　　 his going to the gym is to let off steam after a stressful day of work.  13.(2025山西部分重点中学期中联考)As far as I am concerned, 　　　　　 some extent, what she has said is true.   14.Despite 　　　　　(feel) let down by his friends, he chose to forgive them.  15.It's common knowledge 　　　　　exercise benefits both physical and mental health.  16.　　　　　(write) more than seven hundred years ago, this poem still enjoys great popularity in China.  17.(2025浙江1月)Building 　　　　　(effect) communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort.  18.(2025湖南湘东十校联考)When Tom turned 18, he decided that it was time to make his dream a 　　　　　(real).  19.If everyone makes a small 　　　　　(contribute) and helps out, we can quickly resolve this problem.  20.(2025江苏高邮期中)World Sleep Day fell on March 21 this year, and the problem of sleep 　　　　　(short) among teenagers has come into focus.  21.　　　　　her great relief, the judge relieved her 　　　　　the heavy fine, saying the system's fault caused the misunderstanding.  22.She decided to donate a large sum of money 　　　　　 the charity, and her generous 　　　　　(donate) has helped many victims of the car accident.  22.(2025浙江台州十校期中联考)Choose one goal to start something large enough that will give you a sense of　　　　　(achieve).  23.　　　　　 the aid of the government, those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.  24.(2025河南南阳期中)Brooke, almost in tears, mentioned that the heaters were for her husband who needed warmth during his 　　　　　(treat) for his serious illness.   25.(2025广东揭阳二中月考)Natalie's school was so damaged that she had to 　　　　　(temporary) attend a school in Brooklyn.  26.(2025新课标Ⅰ)The 　　　　　 (major) of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.  27.Evidence 　　　　　(obtain) from observation and experiment is often used to confirm a scientific theory.  28.The park, 　　　　　 I used to play as a child, has now been turned into a shopping center.  29.(2025河北石家庄二中期中)As a teacher, she plans lessons 　　　　　(flexible) based on students' real-time feedback.  30.(2025北京)Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being capable 　　　　　 identifying and managing your emotions and actions.  31.(2025山东德州期中)After returning home, I felt the desire 　　　　　(write) about my experience—not for other sites or papers as I often did.  32.Due to the shortage of data, the exact costs can 　　　　　(compute) only after further research.  33.Then Jeff noticed steam 　　　　　(shoot) out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.  34.(2025辽宁多校期中联考)The couple hope to one day be reunited with the women 　　　　　 generosity and consideration made a significant impact on their lives.  35.The charity issued a public 　　　　　(declare), expressing gratitude for the generous contribution.  36.(2025北京)The feeling of success was no longer attached 　　　　　 what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning.  37.(2025河北邢台一中月考)It can be a very effective tool, but its usefulness, or uselessness, 　　　　　(entire) depends on your attitude.   38.The team received an award 　　　　　 account of their significant contribution to environmental protection projects.  39.Mr. Brown, along with his three children, 　　　　　(be) going to pay a visit to Beijing next week.  40.(2025广东中山市华侨中学月考)The latest survey, 　　　　　(conduct) by the foreign company, found that more than 12% teenagers want to work as pilots.  重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） （1） 1.被突然的声响吓到,孩子躲在妈妈身后,小手紧紧抓住她。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, the child hid behind his mother, his small hands gripping her. 2.从这扇窗户望出去,这座山的南麓是树的海洋。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. 3.被他的话感动,她不禁流下了几滴眼泪。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, she couldn't help but shed a few tears. 4.这个农场位于城市西边,有蔬菜、水果等多种农作物。(一句多译) ①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, the farm has a wide range of crops such as vegetables and fruits.( ②The farm,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, has a wide range of crops such as vegetables and fruits.(定语从句)  5.Tom was absorbed in his work, so he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(句型转换) →　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(过去分词作状语)  →　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(现在分词作状语)  （2） 一．单句语法填空 1.(2024浙江1月)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs 　　　　　(design) with two halves containing separate portions(份).  2.(2025四川成都蓉城联盟期中)A carbon footprint refers to the amount of carbon dioxide 　　　　　(cause) by human activities.  3.My father always tells me never to touch things 　　　　　(belong) to others without permission.  二．用过去分词作定语改写下列句子 1.The government decided to rebuild the bridge that had been damaged. →The government decided to rebuild the 　　　　 　　　　.  2.Classic works were written by famous writers and they present great thoughts through interesting stories and language. →Classic works, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, present great thoughts through interesting stories and language.  （3） 一．单句语法填空 1.With the help of high technology, more and more new substances 　　　　　(discover) in the past few years.  2.(2025山东泰安期中)Holi (洒红节) is a cheerful festival that 　　　　　(celebrate) in India for centuries.   3.In the last few years, great changes　　　　　(take) place in my hometown, where a lot of new houses　　　　　(build).  二． 　　Have you ever heard of Uluru? Actually, it 　1　(call) Ayers Rock by some people, too. Located in Australia, Uluru is a large sandstone rock formation. Uluru used to be open to the public. However, it 　2　 (close) since October 26, 2019. Uluru 　3　(consider) a major attraction for decades and tourists from all over the world 　4　(attract) by it. It's said that the ban (禁令) 　5　(announce) in 2007 for the first time and most visitors observed it. Australia's tourist association said that the rock 　6　(climb) by only 16 percent of visitors since 2017. A local man named Rameth Thomas explained to the BBC how important the rock is to the people. “I 　7　(tell) that the place is very sacred (神圣的) since my childhood. Our stories are all on the rock,” said Thomas.  综合拓展练（测试时间：15分钟） （1） (2025安徽六安期中) 　　We all know that forgiving yourself and others can bring you peace of mind. Recently, a new study published in the journal Psychology and Health 　1　(find) that forgiveness may help you sleep well, too. Researchers 　2　(lead) by Luther College's psychology professor Loren Toussaint surveyed nearly 1,500 American adults to determine how likely they were 　3　(forgive) both themselves for their own fault and others for hurting them. Then the participants were asked quite a few questions about their sleep quality, life 　4　(satisfy), and overall physical health. Their findings show that people who were forgiving slept much 　5　(well) at night, and, in turn, were happier and healthier than those 　6　 went to bed in anger.  　　The results led the researchers to conclude that forgiveness of others and self-forgiveness may help create a 　7　(peace) mental state that supports sound sleep, which is connected 　8　 better health. Of course, forgiving yourself or someone else isn't always easy. According to Karen Swartz, a doctor of The Johns Hopkins Hospital, it is about more than just saying the words. “It is an active process in which you make a decision to let go of negative feelings,” Swartz explains.   　　Anger can trap you in a tangled web of resentment that affects your well-being 　9　(dramatic). So, next time you can't sleep at night, why not give forgiveness 　10　 try? It's certain that it can make you feel better the next day.  （2） (2025广东六校联考) 　　A nine-year-old girl who is passionate about reading has turned a telephone box 　1　 a mini library. Nunu, from Endon, Staffordshire, 　2　(inspire) to set up the library to offer books to more people in the village. She had 　3　(original) set up a book swap (交换) box for local residents at the Endon Little Learners Playgroup.  　　Her grandpa James Biddulph said she had been 　4　(shock) when she had heard that one in eight children had never had a book of their own. The youngster, 　5　 favourite authors are Roald Dahl and David Walliams, received support for the book swap box in the form of a 　6　(donate) of books from Stoke Reads, where she is also a junior literacy(识字) champion.  　　Eager 　7　(offer) books to more people, she approached the Endon Parish Council about checking if she could use an abandoned phone box, by the junction(交叉路口) of Brook Lane 　8　 Brook-side Drive, to store more books.  　　She set about 　9　(clean) the phone box and asked a local firm to aid her in fixing 　10　(shelf) and replace some pieces of broken glass. Then, she had two boxes of donated books to fill the new phone box library.  1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $