必修第三册 UNIT 1 Knowing me, knowing you(word讲义) -【赢在微点】2025年高考英语大一轮复习顶层设计高考背重点（外研版2019）

必|修|第三册 UNIT 1　Knowing me, knowing you 主题语境 社会交往 　提分背案1　背熟单词 识记单词 1.signal n.信号;暗号 2.duty n.职责,义务;责任 3.sink v.使(船)沉没→sank/sunk/sunk (过去式/过去分词) 4.weave v.编,织→wove/woven (过去式/过去分词) 5.tear n.眼泪,泪水　v.撕碎,扯破,扯掉→tore/torn (过去式/过去分词) 　　　　　　 6.latter n.后者 7.deceive v.欺骗 8.lip n. (嘴)唇 9.boxing n.拳击(运动) 10.apart adv.分离,分开 11.moreover adv.此外,而且 12.fence n.栅栏,围栏,篱笆 　　　　　 13.fault n.责任;过错 14.agony n.痛楚;苦难 15.steam n.蒸汽;水蒸气 16.tangled adj.纠结的;复杂的 17.core adj.核心的(课程、团体等) 18.web n.蜘蛛网;错综复杂的事物 拓展单词精准变形 1.breath n.呼出的气→breathe v.呼吸→breathless adj.上气不接下气的→breathlessly adv.气喘吁吁地 2.loose adj.控制不严的;松的→loosely adv.宽松地→loosen v.变松;解开 3.concern n.忧虑;担心　vi.& vt.使担忧;涉及→concerned adj.担忧的→concerning prep.关于 4.strategy n.计谋;策略;行动计划→strategic adj.战略性的;战略上的→strategically adv.战略性地;战略上 5.annoyed adj.恼怒的;烦恼的→annoying adj.使恼怒的;使生气的→annoy v.使恼怒;使生气→annoyance n.恼怒;生气 6.accident n.意外事件;偶然因素→accidental adj.偶然的;意外的→accidentally adv.偶然地 7.forgive v.原谅,宽恕→forgave/forgiven (过去式/过去分词)→forgiveness n.原谅,宽恕 8.frank adj.坦率的,坦诚的,直言不讳的→frankly adv.坦率地,坦诚地 9.independent adj.独立的;自主的→independently adv.独立地;自立地→independence n.独立→depend v.依靠→dependent adj.依靠的 10.justify v.证明(别人认为不合理的事)有道理;为……辩护→justice n.公平,公正→just adj.公正的;正义的 11.resolve v.解决(问题、困难)→resolution n.解决;决心 12.adjust v.适应,(使)习惯;调整;调节→adjustable adj.可调整的;可调节的→adjustment n.调整;调节 13.complexity n.复杂性,错综复杂→complex adj.复杂的;难懂的 14.criticise v.批评,指责→criticism n.批评;责备→critic n.批评家→critical adj.批评的;关键的 15.embarrassment n.尴尬,难为情→embarrass v.使尴尬→embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的 16.ensure v.确保,保证→sure adj.确定的 单词速记法 词缀记忆法:名词后缀-ity表示性质、状态、动作或结果 语义记忆法:关于负面情绪的单词 ①annoyed 　　恼火的;生气的 ②anxious 焦虑的 ③upset 不安的;心烦的 ④depressed 消沉的;沮丧的 ⑤frustrated 失意的;挫败的 ⑥pessimistic 悲观的 ①personal个人的;亲自的→personality性格;个性 ②national国家的→nationality国籍 ③real真实的→reality现实 ④active活跃的→activity活动 ⑤able能够的→ability能力 ⑥equal平等的→equality平等 ⑦curious好奇的→curiosity好奇 ⑧similar相似的→similarity相似 ⑨secure安全的→security安全 1.sink vt. ①使下沉;使沉没　vi. ②沉没;下沉　③下降 sink to沉入;下沉 sink into/to/down/back颓然坐下/重重倒下 one’s heart/spirits sink心情沉重;情绪低落 be sunk in陷入…… a sinking feeling/ship不祥之感/颓丧感/沉船 ①The moment his head hit the pillow, he ____________ (sink) into a deep sleep.他的头一碰到枕头,就沉沉睡去了。 ②Her heart sank. She felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t hold back her tears.她心情沉重。她突然感到很悲伤,忍不住落下泪来。(续写情感描写) 2.signal n. ①信号　②标志　vt.& vi. ③标志着;标明　④发信号 1)signal at sb.朝某人打手势 signal (to) sb. to do sth.示意某人做某事 signal (to sb.) that ...示意(某人)…… 2)a signal (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)做某事的信号 ①The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, ____________ (signal) the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.正月十五是元宵节,标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。(传统文化介绍) ②I ran up to the car, took him by the arm and signalled him ____________ (follow) me.我跑向汽车,拉住他的胳膊,示意他跟我走。(续写动作描写) 3.concern n. ①担心;忧虑　②关心;关心的事　vt. ③涉及　④让……担忧　⑤关注;关心 1)concern sb.使某人担心 concern oneself with/about sth.关心/担心某事 2)concern for/about/with/over对……的关心/关注/忧虑 be of concern (to sb.) (对某人)很重要 show/express concern about/for对……表示关心/担心 3)be concerned about/for ...关心/担心…… be concerned with ...与……有关;关注…… as far as sb./sth. be concerned就某人/某事而言 ①____________ (concern) about your illness, we’d like to know how you are feeling now.我们担忧你的病情,想知道你现在怎么样了。(浙江卷电子邮件) ②As far as I’m concerned, online learning is convenient and time-saving, allowing us to learn anytime and anywhere we like.依我看,网络学习方便省时,可以让我们随时随地学习。(2021·全国乙卷发言稿) ③What concerned me was whether David could pick himself up after falling.让我担心的是大卫是否能在摔倒后爬起来。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写) 4.annoyed adj. 恼怒的;烦恼的 1)annoy sb.惹恼/打扰某人 It annoys sb. that/when/how ...……令某人生气。 2)be annoyed by/about sth.因某事生气 be annoyed with/at sb.生某人的气 3)in annoyance生气地 to one’s annoyance使某人生气的是 ①I’m anxious to complain about the noise constantly annoying me.我急于投诉一直打扰我的噪音。(投诉信) ②____________ (annoy) at the children for their misbehavior, she pounded the table with her fist ____________ annoyance.她对孩子们不守规矩很生气,恼怒地用拳头捶桌子。(续写情感描写) ③Mary shot him a look of ____________ (annoy).玛丽生气地瞪了他一眼。 5.adjust vi.& vt. ①适应;(使)习惯　vt. ②调整;调节 1)adjust to (doing) sth.适应(做)某事 adjust oneself to ...使自己适应…… adjust sth.调整/调节某物 adjust ... to ...调整……以适应…… 2)make an adjustment/adjustments to ...对……作出调整 ①In this way, you may adjust yourself to living in China soon.这样,你就能很快适应在中国生活了。(建议信) ②After waving goodbye to the family, I ____________ (adjust) my mirror and then edged my car out of the parking place.我向这家人挥手告别后,调整了一下后视镜,然后慢慢地把车开出了停车场。(续写动作描写) 6.tear n. ①眼泪;泪水　vt. ②撕破 (tore, torn, tearing) 1)in tears流着泪;含着泪 burst into tears突然大哭起来 fight/hold back tears强忍住泪水 tears of joy/happiness/regret/laughter喜悦/幸福/悔恨/欢笑的泪水 2)tear sth. apart撕碎某物 tear sth. down推倒;拆毁(建筑物) tear sth. to/into pieces把……撕成碎片 tear sth. up把(纸/布)撕碎 tear one’s heart (out)/tear at one’s heart使某人心碎 tear oneself/one’s eyes away from舍不得离开/恋恋不舍地把目光从……挪开 ①He hurried out from behind the bar, rushed toward Harry and seized his hand, tears in his eyes.他连忙从吧台后边出来朝哈利跑去,抓起他的手,热泪盈眶。 ②He sat down next to Harry, took one look at him, and ___________________________.他在哈利身旁坐下,看了他一眼,突然大哭了起来。 ③Tom was tearing the letters ____________ pieces before his eyes.汤姆当着他的面把信撕得粉碎。 ④He finally tore his eyes away from the phone.最后他总算强迫自己不再去看手机。 答案:1.①sank　2.①signal(l)ing　②to follow　3.①Concerned　4.②Annoyed; in　③annoyance　5.②adjusted　6.②burst into tears　③into/to 　提分背案2　背熟短语和句式 动词短语 1.adjust to　　　　适应 2.help out 帮一把 3.take the lead 领先 4.look down on 瞧不起 5.settle down 安顿下来 6.tell apart 区分;辨别 7.let down 使失望;辜负 8.take a breath 吸一口气 9.find fault with sb. 挑剔;找茬儿 10.work out 进展(顺利);圆满结束;锻炼 11.let off steam 发泄怒火;宣泄情绪 12.pull one’s weight 做好分内事;尽责 13.concentrate on 集中精力于,专心于 介词短语和其他 14.be concerned about　关心;挂念 15.be crazy about 迷上,对…… 痴迷 16.in advance 提前 17.as soon as 一……就…… 18.in a mess 杂乱;不整洁 19.by accident 偶然,意外地 20.loose lips sink ships 祸从口出 7.短语　look down on 瞧不起 look back at/on回顾,回忆 look ahead (to)向前看/展望未来 look round/around/about四下环顾 look away from把目光从……移开 look forward to盼望,期待 look on旁观,观望 look on ... as ...把……看作…… look out当心,小心,留神,警惕 look through浏览;快速查看 look up抬头看;查寻,查阅 ①I look back at my school years with a mixture of emotions: Amazement that it was so long ago; regret about some of the choices I made; and relief that I somehow survived that difficult time. 回顾我的学生时代,我百感交集。惊讶于那是很久以前的事了;对我所做的一些选择感到遗憾;对我总算挺过了那段艰难的日子感到如释重负。(续写情感描写) ②I walked out of the classroom, looking straight ahead with my head high.我走出教室,高昂着头直视前方。(续写动作描写) ③She hugged them to her chest, and at last she was able to look up with tearful eyes and a smile.她把它们紧紧地抱在胸前,终于抬起头来,泪流满面地微笑着。(续写动作描写) 8.句式1　形容词(短语)作状语 Embarrassed and ashamed, I can’t concentrate on anything. 我既尴尬又羞愧,做什么事都无法集中精力。  1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等,可位于句首、句中或句末,常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。 2)形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态,即和主语常可构成系表关系。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子,则应用副词作状语。 ①Outgoing and sociable, I can definitely get along well with other camp members.我性格外向,善于交际,绝对可以与其他营地成员相处融洽。(申请信) ②Cold, ____________ (hunger) and alone, I looked at the miserable garden, wondering about my future here.我又冷又饿,孤身一人,望着那凄凉的花园,思索着我在这里的未来。(续写融情于景) 9.句式2　It+be+过去分词+that ... It is believed that EQ plays an even more important role than IQ (intelligence quotient) in people’s lives. 人们相信情商在人们的生活中扮演着比智商更重要的角色。  1)Sb./Sth. is thought/believed/hoped ... to do sth.,意为“某人/物被认为/相信/希望……做某事”。其中,根据情况不定式可用一般式(to do)、进行式(to be doing)或完成式(to have done)。 2)It is thought/believed/hoped that ...大家认为/相信/希望…… It is reported/supposed that ...据报道/推测…… It is well known that ...众所周知…… ①It is recognised ____________ these stories can relieve our stress and expand our horizons.众所周知,这些故事可以缓解我们的压力,开阔我们的视野。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷短文) ②It is known that there is a huge cultural difference between China and the western countries.众所周知,中西方国家文化差异很大。(2021·全国甲卷求助信) ③My essay was thought to be amusing, making me widely known in the school.我的作文被认为很有趣,这使我在学校广为人知。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷续写) 答案:8.②hungry　9.①that 　提分背案3　练背读后续写满分素材 ——情感细节描写之“不安”和“绝望” 形容词/副词 helpless, hopeless, desperate, uneasy 名词 helplessness, hopelessness, desperation, despair, uneasiness 眼睛 ①look in despair绝望地看着; ②watch helplessly无助地/眼睁睁地看着; ③give sb. a look of desperation绝望地看了某人一眼; ④a look of desperation绝望的眼神 声音/哭泣 ①utter a cry of despair发出绝望的叫声; ②hear the despair in one’s voice听出某人声音中的绝望; ③sigh with despair绝望地叹气; ④despair choked one’s words绝望得说不出话来; ⑤erupt into desperate sobs绝望地啜泣; ⑥a note of desperation in one’s voice话音中带着一种绝望的语气 其他 ①a sense/feeling of hopelessness/helplessness绝望/无力感; ②in despair绝望地; ③abandon oneself to despair/fall into despair陷入绝望; ④feel uneasy觉得不安; ⑤in desperation绝望地; ⑥throw sb. into desperation使某人陷入绝望 用表“不安”和“绝望”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景25 | “脱险求生”主题中的“不安”和“绝望” We had no phone signal, and the highway was 900 feet above us. All we could do was yell for help, and a seemingly great distance seemed to separate us from potential rescuers. Our voices echoed through the valley, the despair ①____________ (mount) in every shout that escaped our lips. As the minutes turned into hours, ②___________________________ (我们既害怕又绝望,无灵主语句) and we couldn’t help but wonder if anyone would ever hear us. Worse still, fog began creeping into the valley. Everything was swallowed by darkness, ③___________________________ (使我们更加无助,分词短语作状语). 微场景26 | “挑战自我”主题中的“不安”和“绝望” ④___________________________ (房间里弥漫着一种令人不安的寂静,settle,无灵主语句). ⑤___________________________ (医生的话让我陷入了极大的绝望). I tried to blink back my tears, but they rolled down my face, and suddenly they were joined by other drops ... and more drops ... and more. My family comforted me that I would be OK. Wiping away my tears, I knew the tears were still frozen inside my heart. 答案:①mounting　②fear and desperation overwhelmed us　③leaving us even more helpless　④An uneasy silence settled over the room　⑤The doctor’s words threw me into great desperation 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$