必修第一册 UNIT 2 Exploring English(word讲义) -【赢在微点】2025年高考英语大一轮复习顶层设计高考背重点（外研版2019）

UNIT 2　Exploring English 主题语境 外语学习 　提分背案1　背熟单词 识记单词 1.subway n.地铁 2.comment n.评论 3.title n.题目,标题 4.type n.类型,种类 5.rather adv.相当,颇 6.contact v.联系,联络 7.context n.上下文,语境 8.misadventure n.事故,灾难 9.gas n.汽油,燃气→(同义词) petrol 10.apartment n.一套住房,公寓套房→(同义词) flat 11.exit n.出口 12.boot n.靴子 13.error n.错误;谬误 14.downstairs adv.在楼下 15.section n.地段,地区,区域 16.resource n.资料,(教学)资源 17.entrance n.大门(口),入口(处) 18.downtown adj.在城市中心区的,在闹市区的 19.ham n.火腿 20.pine n.松树 　　　　　　 21.highway n.公路 22.eggplant n.茄子 23.pineapple n.菠萝 24.elevator n.升降机 25.frog n.蛙,青蛙 26.throat n.喉咙,咽喉 27.homesick adj.想家的 28.capitalized adj.大写的 29.odd adj.奇特的;古怪的 30.forum n. (因特网上的)论坛,讨论区 拓展单词精准变形 1.sculpt v.雕刻,雕塑→sculpture n.雕塑作品,雕像 2.opposing adj. (观点、意见等)相反的,(相)对立的→oppose vt.反对→opposed adj.反对的→opposite adj.相对的;相反的　prep.在……的对面　n.对立面 3.behavior n.举止,行为→ behavioural adj.行为方面的;行为科学的→behave vi.表现;举止规矩;(使)表现得体→(反)misbehave vi.行为不端 4.confusing adj.令人困惑的→confuse vt.使困惑;混淆;弄 错→confused adj.困惑的;混乱的→confusion n.混乱;混淆 5.unique adj.独一无二的,独特的→uniquely adv.独特地 6.alarm n. 警报器,闹钟vt.使惊恐;使害怕→alarmed adj.担心的,害怕的→alarming adj.令人惊慌的 7.reflect vt.显示,反映;反射→reflection n.反射;映像;反映→reflective adj.沉思的;深思的;典型的 8.creativity n.创造性,创造力→create vt.创造;创作→creative adj.有创造力的;创造性的;有创意的→creatively adv.创造性地;有创造力地→creation n.创造;创作;作品 9.visible adj.看得见的,可见的→(反)invisible adj.看不见的 10.unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的;不了解的→(反)familiar adj.熟悉的;了解的 11.remind v.提醒,使想起→reminder n.提醒人的事物 12.organization n.组织,团体,机构→organize vt.组织→organized adj.有条理的;有组织的→organizer n.组织者 13.likely adj.可能的,可能发生的→(反)unlikely adj.不大可能的;不大可能发生的 14.addition n.增加物;添加物;添加;加法→additional adj.另外的,额外的→additionally adv.此外;额外地→add vt.& vi.增加;添加→added adj.额外的;附加的;增添的 15.actually adv.事实上,实际上→actual adj.真实的;实际的 16.negative adj.消极的,负面的→(反)positive adj.积极的 17.intend vt.& vi.打算;计划;想要→intention n.打算;目的;意图→intentional adj.故意的;存心的→intentionally adv.故意地→(反) unintentionally adv.无意地 18.informal adj. (书写或言谈)非正式的→(反)formal adj.正式的→formally adv.正式地 19.recognise vt.辨别出;承认;认可→recognition n.承认;认出;公认→recognisable adj.可辨认的;可认出的→recognised/recognized adj.公认的 20.base v.以……为基础→based adj.以……为基础的→basic adj.基础的;根本的→basically adv.基本上→basis n.基础;准则 21.aware adj.意识到的;明白的→(反) unaware adj.未察觉的,不知道的→awareness n.认识;意识 单词速记法 词缀记忆法:名词后缀-sion/-ssion表示性质或行为等 语义记忆法:与“性格”相关的单词 ①negative 　　　消极的 ②easy-going 随和的 ③stubborn 固执的 ④gentle 温和的 ⑤optimistic 乐观的 ①conclude下结论→conclusion结论 ②decide决定→decision决定 ③explode爆炸→explosion爆炸 ④expand扩张;增加→expansion扩张;增加 ⑤extend延伸→extension延伸 ⑥admit准许;承认→admission准许加入 ⑦permit允许→permission允许 1.reflect vt. ①反射(光、热、声音等)　②映出　③显示;反映　vi.& vt. ④反思;回想;仔细考虑 1)be reflected in sth.某物映出…… reflect on/upon sth.思考某事;回忆某事 2)be lost in reflection陷入深思中 a reflection of ...……的反映/倒影 ①Don’t be afraid of mistakes. You have to learn by reflecting ____________ them.不要害怕错误,你必须通过反思来学习。(建议信) ②He hung his head, lost in deep ____________ (reflect).他低下了头,陷入沉思中。(续写动作描写) 2.likely adj. 可能的,可能发生的　adv. 可能地 sb./sth. be likely/unlikely to do sth.某人/某物很可能/不可能做某事 It is likely/unlikely that ...有/不太可能…… ①Due to the fact that many students lack self-discipline, they are likely ____________ (get) distracted by online games.由于许多学生缺乏自律,他们很可能会被网络游戏分散注意力。(2022·全国乙卷短文) ②____________ is likely that a small gesture of care will melt people’s loneliness.一个表达关爱的小小举动可能会融化人们内心的孤单。(续写主旨升华) 3.remind vt. 提醒;使想起 remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事 remind sb.of sth./sb.使某人想起某事/某人 remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事 remind (sb.) that/how/what ...提醒(某人)…… ①My friend reminded me that not everything works out like we hope or expect.我的朋友提醒我,并非一切都像我们希望或期望的那样顺利。 ②The key in my palm, I was reminded ____________ that afternoon when Charles gave it to me.我把钥匙握在掌心,想起了查尔斯把它交给我的那个下午。 ③It serves as a ____________ (remind) that kindness, generous help and love will influence others and be rewarded and virtue is a reward itself.它提醒我们,善良、慷慨的帮助和爱会影响他人并得到回报,而美德本身就是一种回报。(续写主旨升华) 4.intend vt.& vi. 打算;计划;想要 1)intend doing/to do sth.打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事 had intended to do sth.本打算做某事 2)be intended for ...专为……而设计;专供……使用的 3)be intended to be/do ...为……打算(或设计)的 4)with an/the intention of ...打算…… have no intention to do sth.无意做某事 ①The race, ____________ (intend) to strengthen our bodies, was highly thought of.这场旨在强身健体的赛跑受到了高度评价。(新高考Ⅰ卷报道) ②I benefit a lot from the column intended ____________ teenagers interested in Western cultures.我从专门为对西方文化感兴趣的青少年设计的专栏中获益匪浅。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷短文) ③I froze. It would ruin our friendship to say“No”, wouldn’t it? Honesty came first, but I had no intention ____________ (refuse) him. 我愣住了,“拒绝”会毁了我们的友谊,不是吗?诚实第一,但我无意拒绝他。 5.recognise vt. ①辨别出　②承认　③认可 1)recognise sb./one’s voice认出某人/听出某人的声音 be recognised to be/as ...被认为是…… It is (generally) recognised that ...人们公认…… 2)beyond/out of (all) recognition认不出来 in recognition of用以肯定 ①He is universally recognised ____________ one of the greatest scientists in the world.他被认为是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。(介绍人物) ②A sudden smile of ____________ (recognise) flashed across his face.他脸上突然掠过一丝笑意,表示认可对方。 ③Don’t wait for a smile to be nice, and don’t wait to be lonely to recognise the value of a friend.不要等到别人对你微笑你才对人友善,不要等到孤独才明白朋友的价值。(续写主旨升华) 6.contact vt. 联络;联系　n. 联系;接触 1)contact sb.联系某人 2)be in/out of contact with ...与……有/失去联系 keep in contact with ...与……保持联系 lose/have/make contact with ...与……失去/取得联系 ①If you have any further questions, don’t hesitate to contact me.如有其他问题,请立即与我联系。(回复信) ②I will make/have contact ____________ you once I have some information about the activity.一旦有了与活动相关的信息,我就会与你联系。(回复信) 答案:1.①on/upon　②reflection　2.①to get　②It　3.②of　③reminder　4.①intended　②for　③to refuse　5.①as ②recognition　6.②with 　提分背案2　背熟短语和句式 动词短语 1.speak of　　说到 2.go off (警报器)鸣响 3.calm down (使)平静 4.burn up 烧毁;烧尽 5.fill in/out 填充;填满 6.come across 偶然发现 7.come up with 想出;提出 8.wonder at 对……感到疑惑 9.burn down (建筑物)(被)烧毁 10.add ... to ... 　 　　　　把……加到……中 11.stop ... from doing sth. 阻止……做某事 12.wind up 给(机械)上发条;使 (活动、会议等)结束 13.have a frog in one’s throat (尤指因喉咙痛)说话困难 介词短语和其他 14.be used as　　被用作…… 15.be made up of 由……组成 16.be referred to as 被称作…… 17.be aware of 意识到,察觉到 18.be short for 为……的缩写/简称 19.to one’s astonishment 令某人吃惊的是 7.短语1　come across 偶然遇到;碰见;被理解 come down with患上……(小病) come down to归结为;传到……手里 come across (偶然)遇见;发现;被理解 come around/round拜访;探访 come about发生 come up走近;上来;发芽;发生;被提出;(太阳)升起 come up with想出;提出 come to总计;达到 when it comes to ...当谈到……时 ①People’s goodness was displayed when they came across difficulty and danger.人们在遇到困难和危险的时候总会表现出善意。(续写主旨升华) ②When it comes to English learning, I have the following practical suggestions to share.说到英语学习,我分享以下实用的建议。(建议信) ③He would come up and pat me on the shoulder, insisting smilingly,“Let me explain why.”他会走过来,拍拍我的肩膀,微笑着坚持:“我来解释一下。”(2022·浙江卷续写动作+语言描写) 8.短语2　be aware of 意识到;察觉到 1)be/become aware of/that ...很清楚…… make sb. aware of/that ...使某人知道/意识到…… as far as I’m aware据我所知 2)raise/enhance/develop/arouse an awareness of ...提高/培养/唤醒……的意识 ①World Oceans Day, which falls on June 8th, is aimed at promoting an awareness of marine conservation.世界海洋日是6月8日,旨在提高海洋保护意识。(2022·全国甲卷短文) ②It was at that moment that I became aware of the responsibility I was supposed to shoulder.就在那时,我意识到了我应承担的责任。(2021·浙江卷续写) 9.句式　Not only+并列分句(倒装语序), but also+并列分句(正常语序)不仅……而且…… Not only can you post specific questions online, but you can also broaden your knowledge by reading posts from other English learners around the world.你不仅能够在网上发帖问具体的问题,你也能够通过读全世界的英语学习者的帖子来增长你的知识。  1)用于连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语等,其中also可省略。 2)若连接两个句子,且not only置于句首时,not only后面的句子主谓部分倒装。 3)若连接的两个成分作主语,其谓语动词的数通常与最近的主语保持一致。 ①Not only will this facilitate shared learning, but it will also strengthen friendship.这不仅能促进共同学习,还促进友谊。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷建议信) ②The morning sunlight flooded in, which not only lit up my room, but also warmed my heart.早晨的阳光照进来,不仅照亮了我的房间,也温暖了我的心。(续写融情于景) 　提分背案3　练背读后续写满分素材 ——情感细节描写之“高兴、快乐”(二) 融情于景,借环境烘托人物的“高兴”或直接利用表“快乐”的词汇描写场景 蓝天 白云 white clouds floated in the blue sky朵朵白云飘在蔚蓝的天空 微风 拂面 a light/spring breeze kissed sb.’s cheeks微风/春风亲吻某人的面颊 日月 星辰 ①warm sunlight flooded in温暖的阳光倾泻而入; ②be bathed in sunlight/soft moonlight沐浴在阳光中/柔和的月光中; ③stars twinkled at sb. happily/with joy星星高兴地向某人眨眼 花草 树木 ①the air is filled with the pleasant smell of flowers空气中弥漫着宜人的花香; ②flowers bloom花儿盛开; ③green grass绿草如茵 场景/ 动物等 ①laughter lingered笑声不绝于耳; ②happiness等“喜乐”词汇+filled +地点名词……喜气洋洋; ③there was a cheer in every face大家脸上洋溢着欢乐; ④birds chirped merrily鸟儿欢快地啾啾鸣唱 用表“高兴、快乐”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景3 | “友情”主题中的“高兴、快乐” Turning around, I saw Diane ①___________________________ (像快乐的小鸟向我飞奔过来,比喻). She exclaimed that she would befriend me. I ②___________________________ (高兴得咧嘴笑). As the breeze kissed our cheeks, we talked a lot and I was pleasantly surprised to find we had a lot in common. ③___________________________ (美好的阳光下,我们高兴地聊天,无灵主语句), whose hearts got closer thanks to the pure friendship. 微场景4 | “互助善行”主题中的“高兴、快乐”——新高考Ⅰ卷续写“爆米花计划”片段 After several attempts, they finally made it, ④_________________________________________________ (爆米花在锅里欢快地歌唱,with复合结构). The next few hours saw the children ⑤____________ (merry) popping and packaging the corn. ⑥___________________________ (整个院子喜气洋洋,无灵主语句). As night fell, stars appeared in the sky, ⑦_________________________________________________ (高兴地向他们眨眼睛,拟人). 答案:①flying to me like a joyful bird　②grinned with delight　③The lovely sunshine witnessed us chatting delightedly　④with the popcorn singing happily in the pan　⑤merrily　⑥Enormous joy filled every corner of the yard　⑦twinkling their eyes at them with joy 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$