必修第二册 UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE(word练习) -【赢在微点】2025年高考英语大一轮复习顶层设计高考默写速记本（北师大版2019）

UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE 1.natural ____________ 自然风景 2.____________ animals and plants 有生命的动物和植物 3.a little ____________ 一只小鹿 4.get lost in ____________ 在丛林中迷路 5.on the ____________ of extinction 濒临灭绝 6.____________ natural resources 过度使用自然资源 7.street ____________ 路灯 8.a ____________ about environmental protection 关于环保的讲座 9.the ____________ of the article 文章的标题 10.____________ of students 数百万的学生 11.heat the ____________ 给土壤加热 12.a sense of ____________ 责任感 13.a warm ____________ 一个温暖的避难所 14.the businessmen come from ____________ 来自海外的商人 答案　1.landscapes　2.living　3.deer　4.jungles　5.edge　6.overuse　7.lamps　8.lecture　9.title　10.millions　11.soil　12.duty　13.shelter　14.overseas 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.disaster a. n. 上校;队长,组长 2.flood b. n. 场所,地点 3.drought c. n. 交通工具,车辆 4.eruption d. n. 灾难;灾祸 5.wildlife e. n. 洪水,水灾 6.climate f. n. 干旱,旱灾 7.ecology g. n. 档案,卷宗 8.wave h. n. 诗歌;作诗的艺术 9.file i. n. 生态;生态学 10.poetry j. n. 气候 11.soul k. n. 野生动植物,野生生物 12.tube l. n. 爆发 13.site m. n. 海浪;波涛 14.vehicle n. n. 灵魂 15.captain o. n. 管子,圆管;地铁(伦敦) 答案　1.d　2.e　3.f　4.l　5.k　6.j　7.i　8.m　9.g　10.h　11.n　12.o　13.b　14.c　15.a 1.survive v. 活下来,幸存→survival n. 幸存,幸存物→survivor n. 幸存者 2.crowded adj. 拥挤的;挤满人的→crowd n. 人群,观众　v.挤满,聚集,涌进 3.living adj. 活的,活着的→live v. 活着,居住→lively adj. 活泼的,有生气的 4.shock vt. 使震惊,使难以置信→shocked adj. 感到震惊的→shocking adj. 令人感到震惊的 5.poetry n. 诗歌,作诗的艺术→poem n. 诗→poet n. 诗人 6.frightened adj. 受惊的,害怕的→frighten v. 恐吓,威胁→frightening adj. 令人感到害怕的→fright n.害怕;恐惧 7.horrible adj. 可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的→horribly adv. 可怕地,恐怖地→horror n. 恐怖,惊恐 8.curious adj. 好奇的→curiously adv. 好奇地→curiosity n. 好奇,好奇心 9.observation n. 观察,观察结果→observe v. 观察→observer n. 观察者 10.equal adj. 相等的,相同的→equally adv. 相等地,同样地→equality n.相等,相同,平等 11.death n. 死,死亡→die v. 死亡→dead adj. 死的,无生命的 12.operation n. 行动,活动;手术;操作→operate v. 做手术;操作→operator n. 操作员;接线员 13.suffering n. (肉体或精神上的)痛苦;折磨→suffer v. 遭受;受苦;患病 14.conduct vt. 实施,进行;执行　vi.&vt. 指挥→conductor n.(合唱队等)指挥→conduction n. 指挥;指导 15.breathe vi.&vt. 呼吸→breath n. 呼吸→breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的 16.dust n.灰尘,尘埃→dusty adj. 满是灰尘的 17.explorer n. 探险者,勘察者→explore v. 探索,探险→exploration n. 探险,探索 18.preparation n. 预备,准备→prepare v. 预备,准备 19.base n. 基地,大本营,基础　vt. 以……为基地→basic adj. 基本的,基础的→basically adv. 基本上,大体上→basis n. 原因;基础 20.anxiously adv. 焦虑地,不安地→anxious adj. 焦虑的,不安的→anxiety n. 焦虑 21.ambition n. 抱负,雄心,追求,夙愿→ambitious adj. 有雄心的 22.cheerful adj. 高兴的,兴高采烈的→cheerfully adv. 兴高采烈地→cheer n. 欢呼声　v. 欢呼,(使)振奋 23.distant adj. 久远的,遥远的→distance n. 距离,远方 24.honesty n. 坦诚,诚实,正直→honest adj. 诚实的,正直的→honestly adv. 诚实地,坦白地 25.sincerity n. 真诚,真挚,诚实→sincere adj. 诚挚的,真诚的→sincerely adv. 真诚地,诚实地 26.bravery n. 勇气,勇敢的行为→brave adj. 勇敢的,无畏的→bravely adv. 英勇地,毅然地 27.varied adj. 各种各样的,形形色色的→vary v. 不同,变化→various adj. 不同的,各种各样的→variety n. 多样性,变化 28.scary adj. 可怕的,恐怖的→scare v. 使恐惧,使害怕→scared adj.害怕的 29.harmless adj. 无害的→harm v. 伤害,损害,危害→harmful adj. 有害的 30.skiing n. 滑雪运动→ski n. 滑雪板　vi. 滑雪 31.disappearance n.消亡,消失→disappear v. 消失,消亡→appear v. 出现,露面 32.protection n. 保护,防护→protect v. 保护,防护 动词短语 1.__________________　　 保护……免受…… 2.__________________ 因……而闻名 3.__________________ 是……的所在地 4.__________________ 好好照顾 5.__________________ 以……为基础 6.__________________ 用完,耗尽 7.__________________ 注意 8.__________________ 寻找 9.__________________ 竭尽全力做某事 10.__________________ 听起来像 11.__________________ 参加,加入 12.__________________ 有……困难 13.__________________ 继续 14.__________________ 对……变得好奇 15.__________________ 覆盖着 16.__________________ 对……置之不理,对……撒手不管 17.__________________ 遭受 18.__________________ 利用 19.__________________ 停止运转,出故障 介词短语和其他 20.__________________ 为……做准备 21.__________________ 曾经,一度 22.__________________ 在……边缘,某事快要发生 23.__________________ 在回去的路上 24.__________________ 以这样一种方式 25.__________________ 在……开始时 26.__________________ 以及……,和…… 27.__________________ 如果可能的话 28.__________________ 一……就…… 29.__________________ 因此,结果 30.__________________ 一……就…… 答案　1.protect ... from/against ... 　2.be famous for　3.be home to　4.take good care of　5.be based on　6.run out　7.pay attention to　8.search for　9.try one’s best to do sth　10.sound like　11.take part　12.have difficulty with　13.carry on　14.become curious about　15.be covered with　16.turn one’s back on　17.suffer from　18.make use of　19.break down　20.in preparation for　21.at one time　22.on the edge of 23.on one’s way back　24.in such a way　25.at the beginning of　26.as well as　27.if possible　28.the moment　29.as a result　30.as soon as 1.That was the day when it took only six hours to break my __________________. 那一天,我的身体和灵魂只花了六个小时就崩溃了。 2.As you can see, the reason __________________ I made the right decision. 正如你所看到的,我在这里讲述这个故事的原因是我做出了正确的决定。 3.The return journey was one of the worst __________________ exploration. 回程是探险史上最糟糕的一次。 4.After a while, I __________________ the whirlpool itself. 过了一段时间,我对漩涡本身产生了好奇。 5.All at once, the sky __________________ dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm. 突然,天空乌云密布,不到一分钟,我们就陷入了一场可怕的风暴中。 答案　1.body and soul　2.why I’m here to tell the story is that　3.in the history of　4.became curious about　5.was covered with 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　As our Earth’s temperature warms up because of climate change, it is having unexpected effects on our world’s forests. When temperatures rise, trees close their skins to 　1　 the loss of water, and this, in turn, slows down the 　2　 of photosynthesis (光合作用). As a result, these trees are shorter and grow slowly, as well as have a 　3　 death rate.  Climate change also increases the 　4　 of droughts and wildfires. After wildfires, it takes a while for the forest systems to 　5　, and in some cases, the forests are 　6　 permanently. Trees that are stressed are also 　7　 to attacks by bacteria (细菌). In tropical forests, vines that use the trees as 　8　 can often choke the trees and rob them of nutrients. Finally, humans have 　9　 the forest landscape through logging. When trees are replanted on the soil, they will never grow as large as the 　10　 trees that were cut down.  As these forests disappear, species that once called them “home” are forced to change, 　11　 the variety of those systems. 　12　 , some endangered species are unable to 　13　 and die. Old-growth forests are disappearing in all regions of our world. When forests die, younger forests that are reestablished in the same area grow back weaker and smaller 　14　 poor vegetation. With trees dying increasingly and continuously, will future generations 　15　 out on the wonders of forests?  1.A. protect B. prevent C. save D. free 2.A. movement B. situation C. process D. operation 3.A. higher B. firmer C. lighter D. smaller 4.A. choice B. measure C. qualification D. chance 5.A. grow B. rescue C. recover D. decline 6.A. ignored B. lost C. hurt D. left 7.A. accessible B. enjoyable C. acceptable D. favorable 8.A. attention B. command C. trust D. support 9.A. frightened B. paid C. ruined D. wasted 10.A. common B. original C. distant D. strong 11.A. affecting B. improving C. forgetting D. reflecting 12.A. Besides B. Surprisingly C. Otherwise D. Unfortunately 13.A. devote B. keep C. adapt D. lead 14.A. due to B. in addition to C. instead of D. in spite of 15.A. pass B. miss C. break D. bring 答案与解析　 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了由于气候变化,地球温度上升,这对世界的森林产生了意想不到的影响。先是温度上升导致树木矮小,生长缓慢,死亡率高;其次,气候变化也增加了干旱和野火发生的可能性,野火导致了森林的消失,因此以森林为“家”的物种被迫发生改变,甚至死亡。 1.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意:当温度上升时,树木会将树皮闭合,以防止水分流失,而这反过来又会减慢光合作用的进程。protect “保护”; prevent “阻止”; save “拯救”; free “释放”。根据后文“the loss of water”可知,树木将皮肤闭合是为了阻止水分的流失。故选B。 2.C　考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。movement “活动”; situation “情况”; process “进程”; operation “操作”。结合上下文语境可知,树木闭合了树皮来防止水分流失,这反过来又减缓了光合作用的进程(process)。故选C。 3.A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意:因此,这些树较矮,生长缓慢,死亡率也较高。higher “更高的”; firmer “更坚固的”; lighter “更明亮的”; smaller “更小的”。根据上文 “these trees are shorter and grow slowly”可知,树木矮小,生长缓慢,所以死亡率也会更高了。故选A。 4.D　考查名词词义辨析。句意:气候变化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性。choice “选择”; measure “措施”; qualification “资格”; chance “可能性,机会”。根据后文“After wildfires”可知,全球气温升高增加了干旱和野火发生的可能性。故选D。 5.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意:野火过后,森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复,在某些情况下,森林会永远无法恢复。grow “生长”; rescue “营救”; recover “恢复”; decline “下降”。结合上文 “After wildfires, it takes a while for the forest systems to”可知,野火焚烧了森林之后,森林系统需要时间才能恢复。故选C。 6.B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。ignored “被忽视的”; lost “无法恢复的”; hurt “受伤的”; left “左边的”。结合上文可知,野火焚烧了森林,森林需要时间来恢复,但是某些情况下,森林也可能不能恢复了。故选B。 7.A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意:压力大的树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。accessible “易接近的”; enjoyable “快乐的”; acceptable “可接受的”; favorable “赞成的”。根据后文“to attacks by bacteria (细菌)”可知,树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。短语be accessible to “容易进入的,容易接近的”。故选A。 8.D　考查名词词义辨析。句意:在热带森林中,以树木为支撑的藤本植物经常会窒息树木,并剥夺树木的营养。attention “注意力”; command “命令”; trust “信任”; support “支撑,支持”。结合上文 “vines that use the trees as”可知,藤本植物是以树木为支撑的,故选D。 9.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意:最后,人类通过伐木,毁坏了森林景观。frightened “使害怕”; paid “支付”; ruined “毁灭”; wasted “浪费”。结合后文“the forest landscape through logging”可知,人类伐木毁坏了森林景观。故选C。 10.B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当树木被重新种植在土壤上时,它们永远不会长得像原来被砍伐的树那么大。common “普通的”; original “原来的”; distant “遥远的”; strong “强壮的”。结合后文“trees that were cut down”可知,此处指的是人们新种植的树木不会长得像原来被砍伐的树那么大了。故选B。 11.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意:随着这些森林的消失,曾经把它们称为“家”的物种被迫改变,影响了这些系统的多样性。affecting “影响”; improving “改善”; forgetting “忘记”; reflecting “反射”。承接上文 “As these forests disappear, species that once called them ‘home’ are forced to change”可知,森林的消失改变了这些物种,也影响了这些物种的多样性。故选A。 12.D　考查副词词义辨析。句意:不幸的是,一些濒危物种无法适应而死亡。Besides “而且”; Surprisingly “惊人地”; Otherwise “否则”; Unfortunately “不幸地”。根据后文“some endangered species are unable to”可知,不幸的是,某些物种无法适应这些改变,只能死亡。故选D。 13.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。devote “贡献”; keep “保持”; adapt “适应”; lead “带领”。根据上文 “species that once called them ‘home’ are forced to change”可知,物种被迫发生了改变,而某些物种无法适应,只能死去。故选C。 14.A　考查介词短语辨析。句意:当森林死亡时,在同一地区重新建立的年轻森林由于植被不良,而变得更弱更小。due to “因为”; in addition to “除……之外”; instead of “而不是”; in spite of “尽管”。根据后文“poor vegetation”可知,此处指年轻森林由于(due to)植被不良,而变得更弱更小。故选A。 15.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意:随着越来越多的树木不断地死亡,子孙后代会错过森林的奇迹吗? pass “通过”; miss “错过”; break “打破”; bring “带来”。结合后文“out on the wonders of forests”可知,此处指错过森林的奇迹。短语miss out “错过”。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$