Unit 2 知识梳理-【上好课】2024-2025学年七年级英语上册同步精品课堂（沪教版2024）

Unit 2 School life 知识梳理+练习知识目录 学习目标：本单元学习学校日常生活的单词和句式，能够读懂谈论关于日常生活，活动的文章。 语法目标：一般现在时的用法。 听说目标：谈论和听懂关于学校日常活动，学科爱好及原因的对话。 写作目标：学会描述自己或他人日常活动的小短文。 目录 知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式 要点1 重点短语 练习 要点2 重点句式 练习 【精讲精练】 要点1 do some readingt的用法 练习 要点2 do the dishes的用法 练习 要点3 By的用法 练习 要点4 Exercise的用法 练习 要点5 enjoy的用法 练习 要点6 take part in的用法 练习 要点7 look forward to的用法 练习 要点8 It is+ adj.+ of sb. +to do stht的用法 练习 要点9 不定代词+形容词的用法 练习 要点10 be similar to. be different from，the same as的用法 练习 要点11 present的用法 练习 要点12 Pick up的用法 练习 要点13 leave的用法 练习 要点14 realize的用法 练习 要点15 mind的用法 练习 要点16 pack的用法 练习 要点17 success的用法 练习 要点18 celebrate的用法 练习 要点19 rocky的用法 练习 要点20 put on的用法 练习 要点21 practice的用法 练习 要点22developb的用法 练习 知识要点二、语法 要点1 一般现在时态的用法 17 要点2 频度副词 18 知识要点三、书面表达 要点1 话题分析 19 要点2 词汇短语积累 20 要点3句式积累 21 要点4实战演练 21 知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。 【重点短语】 1. do the dishes洗碗 2 do some reading 阅读 3. junior high school初级中学 4. full of energy充满活力 5. take part in (= join in)参与 6. get ... ready for准备好..... 7. look forward to期待;盼望 8. put on举办;上演 9. daily life 日常生活 10. clean up打扫干净 11. go to bed去睡觉 12. pick up取(某物) 13. get up起床 14. do sport做运动 15. do some morning exercise 做早间锻炼 16. have a good time (=enjoy oneself/have fun)玩得开心 17. after-school activities课外活动 18. Thank you for…. 为…感谢你。 19. be difTcrent from 与.......不同固 20. in a great mood 有好心情 【重点句式】 1. I listen to music and do sport every day.我每天听音乐，做运动。 2. The teacher sometimes teaches us by playing games. It’s a great way to learn. 老师有时通过做游戏的方式教我们，是一个极好学习方法。 3. It's exciting to be a junior high student.成为初中生真让人兴奋。 4. There are different foods I can choose from. I really enjoy eating there! 有很多食物挑选，我真的喜欢在那儿就餐。 5. Classes end at 4:25 p.m. and many students take part in after-school activities 课程4:25结束，很多学生参加课后活动。 6. Tuesday is my favourite school day because I have a drama lesson in the afternoon. 周二是我最喜欢的上学日，因为下午我有—节戏剧课。 7. After a rocky start, it was the best day ever!在经历了艰难的开始之后,这是前所未有的最美好的—天! 8.We look forward to it and will practise very hard. 我们期待着它并且努力训练。 9. I have to think carefully when I'm solving difficult problems. I enjoy that. 当我解决困难问题我得认真思考，我真的喜欢。 10. In labour class, I develop good working habits and learn basic life skills. 劳动课上，我养成我的劳动习惯并且学习基本的生活技巧。 【精讲精练】 要点 1. do some reading do some reading 阅读 He likes to do some reading in the morning.他喜欢在早上做些朗读。 类似结构有：注意否定句和疑问句some不能改成any。这是以固定用法。当然也可以more , do more reading 多读点书。 do some shopping 买东西 do some washing 洗衣服 do some cooking 做饭 do some cleaning 打扫除 do some running 跑步 do some reading 看书 do some writing 练练字 【典例分析】 她每天放学后总要读书。 She always_________ ________ _________ after school. 要点 2. do the dishes do the dishes 洗碗碟。 do the dishes 洗碗碟与wash the dishes 意思基本一样。do the washing 洗衣。do the cleaning 做清洁 I'm too tired to do the dishes tonight. Can you help me? 我今晚太累了,洗碗你能帮我吗? Every evening after dinner, I wash the dishes by hand. 每天晚饭后，我用手洗碗。 【典例分析】 她经常洗碗碟帮妈妈干家务活。 She often ______ ______ ______ to help mum do the housework. 要点 3. By的用法 by doing sth. 通过做某事。此处by作介词，意为“通过”，表示方式或方法. 他通过看英语电影来学习英语。 He studies English by watching English films. 他们靠卖水果维持生活。 They make a living by selling fruits. by： ① “在……的旁边”，表示位置，=near，beside 。 There is an old house by the lake. 在湖旁有一座老房子。 ② “从……的旁边经过路过”，表示移动方向。 An old friend passed by me without stopping. 一位老朋友从我身边经过，没有停留。 ③ “不迟于，在……之前”， You must finish the work by Friday. ④ 接交通工具。如：by bus， by train ⑤ “被，由，受”，用于被动语态。如： The cake is eaten by the boy. 这块蛋糕被那个小男孩吃了 【典例分析】 一、指出下列各句‘by’的用法 1)There is a house by the river. 2)An old friend passed by me without stopping. 3)You must finish this work by Friday 4)I learn English by listening to the radio. 5)The cake was eaten by that little boy 2.The children here improve their English listening and speaking every day.  A. on B. for C.by D. with 3.—Shall we go to the airport to pick up your sister? —I don't think it's necessary. She will come here taxi.  A. on B. for C.by D. with 4.On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel　 the window.  A. for B. on C.by D. with 5. Smartphones　 Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.  A. made by B. making in C.to make by D. makes in 6.You have to get home 10 o'clock.   A. with B.in C. on D.by 要点 4. Exercise的用法 Exercise的用法 1.作可数名词用,“练习,习题,体操,功课,操练”等,常用复数. I'm doing my exercises.我在做练习/功课. Doing morning exercises is helpful to our health. 做早操对我们的健康是有益的. You should do more spelling exercises.你应该做更多的拼写练习. 2.作不可数名词用,“锻炼,运动”do exercise =take exercise=do sport（做锻炼） You are weak because of the lack of exercise.你身体弱是因为缺少锻炼. Take more exercise, and you will be healthy.多多锻炼,你会健康的. 3.作动词用,“训练,锻炼”. You must exercise yourself in order to be stronger and healthier.为了更健康更强壮,你必须锻炼自己. They are exercising troops.他们在练兵. You don't exercise enough.你锻炼不够.﹝作不及物动词﹞ 【典例分析】 1.我们每天做眼保健操。（翻译） 2.每天锻炼能强身健体。（翻译2种） 3.The runners go to the gym to (锻炼) every day. 4. My grandmother does morning ________ every day. It is good for her to take ________. A. an exercise；exercise B. exercises；exercise C. the exercises；exercises D. an exercise；exercises 要点 5. enjoy 作为动词，意为“喜爱；享受……的乐趣”。常用于： 1 enjoy doing sth. 意为“喜欢做某事；享受做某事的乐趣”。 The little boy enjoys reading books very much. 那个小男孩儿非常喜爱读书。 2 enjoy oneself 意为“玩得开心；过得愉快”，其同义短语为have fun, have a good time。 We enjoyed ourselves in the swimming pool yesterday. 我们昨天在游泳池里玩得很开心。 拓展： 　　只接v.－ing形式作宾语的动词：喜欢（enjoy），思念（miss），介意（mind）；完成（finish），练习（practise），放弃（give up）。 【典例分析】 1.他们在海滩上玩得很高兴。（完成句子） They ________ __________ on the beach. = They _____ _____ ____ _____on the beach. 要点 6. take part in take part in 意为“参加”，是指参加集体性活动,如参加讨论、游行、比赛、战斗和庆祝等。如： 约翰参加很多课外活动。John takes part in many after-school activities 词汇 用法 例句 join 指加入某个组织成为其中一员。 join the Army/the Party/the League参军/入党/入团 My brother will join the army. join in 多指参加小规模的活动，如游戏、球赛等，join in sth. 参加某事 Can I join in the game? take part in 指参加群众性活动、会议并在其中起积极作用 All the students in our class took part in the sport meeting. attend 正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、典礼；听报告、讲座等。 He'll attend an important meeting tomorrow. 【典例分析】 1. 用take part in、join in、join和attend的适当形式填空。 1） I hope that you’ll ________ the discussion this afternoon. 2.)It is three months since he ______ the football club. 3) All the students ___________ the activity of planting trees last week. 4) He did not ____ the meeting yesterday. 2.－I’m going to Hong Kong next month. What about you, Jenny? －I will _______ social practice. A. take part in B. take place C. take off D. take action 要点 7. look forward to look forward to 意思是“期待，盼望”，to是介词，后面接名词或者动名词。例如： I look forward to being alone in the house. 我盼望能自己一人在这所房子。 We look forward to the return of spring. 我们期待着春天的到来。 【拓展】 与look有关的常用短语： look out 当心 look through 浏览 look over 仔细检查 look after 照顾 look for 寻找 look like 看起来像 look out of 向外看 look up 查阅 look back at 回顾 【典例分析】 1.—Have you seen the film Coming Home directed by Zhang Yimou? —Not yet. I'm ________ seeing it. It's said that the film is great! A. looking down on B. looking out for C. looking up to D. looking forward to 2. —I'm looking forward to ________ the summer holiday with my parents in Thailand. —Have a great time! A spend B. spending C. spends D. spent 3. Girl: I'm____ the trip which we can go whenever we want to go. Boy: You'll take me, and I'll take the money. A. taking part in B. taking care of C. looking back at D. looking forward to 4 我正期待你的来信。 I am ____________ __________ __________ _____________ from you. 要点 8. It is+ adj.+ of sb. +to do sth It is+ adj.+ of sb. +to do sth中的adj.跟sb.有关, 这个adj.是用来形容sb.的,表示某人这么做是太adj.了 It’s very kind of you to help me. 把里面的sb.和adj.提出来可以发现you are kind to help me.是说得通的. It is +adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth 表示做某事对某人来说很adj. 这里的adj.是to do sth.的属性, 是用来形容to do sth.的 It’s difficult for you to deal with the problem. 注：若形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb. It’s very kind of you to help me. It’s clever of you to work out the maths problem. 若形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价，用for sb,这类形容词有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。 It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street. It’s difficult for us to finish the work. 【典例分析】 1.It's clever ________ the boy ________ so difficult a question. A. for; to answer B. of; to answer C. for; answer 2. It’s dangerous a close look at the tiger in the zoo. A. for us taking B. of us to take C. of us taking D. for us to take 3. 对一个13岁的男孩来说，独自去外国旅游真的是很勇敢。 ________ brave ________ a 13-year-old boy ________ ________ around the foreign countries alone. 4.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。 It’s very _____________ ____________children to cross the busy street. 要点 9. 不定代词+形容词 形容词修饰不定代词时，应该后置，即不 定代词后跟形容词。 1.我有重要的事告诉你们。 I have something important to tell you. 2.你能够找到不同的东西吗？ Can you find anything different ? 【典例分析】 1.他昨天见到某个名人. He met __________ __________ yesterday. 2. Did Lisa tell you ________ in the letter? A. interesting anything B. anything interesting C. interesting something D. something interesting 要点 10. be similar to , be different from, the same as similar作形容词，意为“相似的”。be similar to…意为“与……相似，接近”，一般用在相近似的物品和情境的对比上。例如： 　 His problem is similar to yours. 他的问题和你的相似。 　 I guess it may be similar to the Hindu culture. 我猜想，这可能接近于印度文化。 1. the same as与……相同。如： My opinion is the same as his. = My opinion and his are the same. 2.be different from与……不同。如： Their hobbies are different from mine. = Their hobbies and mine are different 【典例分析】 1.Your new bike is different________ mine, but quite similar________ Jack’s. A. to; to B. to; from C. from; to D. from; from 要点 11. present Present 是一个多义词，‌在英语中可以用作名词、‌形容词和动词 作动词用 1.颁发，‌授予：‌例如，‌ Prince Michael of Kent presented the prizes.‌肯特亲王迈克尔颁发了奖品。 ‌‌2. 赠送：‌表示将某物送给某人。‌例如，‌ She gave us a picture as a wedding present. 她赠给我们一幅画作结婚礼物。‌ 3.呈现，‌展示，‌陈述，‌在正式场合中展示某物或陈述信息。‌例如， ‌ I presented the results of the survey to the rest of the team. ‌ 我把调查结果展示给了团队的其余成员。 名词（‌Noun）‌ 1.礼物：‌相当于“gift”。‌例如，‌ I bought a birthday present for my mother. ‌我给母亲买了一份生日礼物。 2.现在，‌目前：‌常与定冠词“the”连用，‌表示“现在，‌此时此刻”。‌例如，‌ Stop talking about the future, and start living in the present! 停止谈论未来，‌开始活在当下！‌ 形容词（‌Adjective）‌ 1.出席的，‌到场的：‌在句中主要用作表语，‌偶尔用作定语，‌一般须后置。‌例如，‌ There are other people present. 还有其他人出席。‌ 2.现在的，‌目前的，‌现行的：‌只用作前置定语。‌例如，‌ present situation目前形势‌ Presentation 也是present的名词形式。的意思是：展示；描述，陈述；介绍；赠送 The ideas in the show's presentation were good, but failed in execution. 那场展览陈述的想法很好，但是没能实现。 短语搭配 at present：‌目前，‌现在 for the present：‌暂时，‌目前 present oneself：‌出席 present situation：‌现状 birthday present：‌生日礼物 【典例分析】 1.她生日时你要送她什么礼物？ _________ ________ will you give her on her birthday? 2.你必须忘掉过去，开始现在的生活。 You must forget _________ _________ and start living ________ _________ _________. 3.Tim saved two students in the fire. The headmaster will ________ the prize to him at the meeting.  A. promise                B. practise    C. prepare                D. present 4我的朋友送给我一把漂亮的扇子作为礼物。 My friend gave me a beautiful fan _________ _________ ______________. 5. 上次参加会议的人比这次多。 More people ___________ _________ the meeting last time than this time. 6. 他们现在正在参观巴黎。 They are visiting Paris __________ __________. 要点 12. Pick up P ick up这个短语有多种用法，以下是其中一些主要的用法： 1.捡起：最常见的用法之一，表示将某物从地上或其他地方拿起。例如， He picked up his book from the floor. 他从地板上捡起了他的书。 2.获得,拿到：表示通过某种方式获得某物或某种状态。例如， He picked up some useful ideas for his project. 他为他的项目获得了一些有用的想法。 3.接电话：表示接听电话。例如， I‘ll pick up the phone when it rings.电话响时我会接听。 4.搭便车：表示搭乘别人的车。例如， Can you pick me up on your way home? 你回家的时候能载我一程吗？ 【典例分析】 1. I called Jane yesterday, but she didn’t ________ the phone. A. pick out B. pick up C. put off D. put up 2. —You’d better not drop litter everywhere! —I’m so sorry. I will _________. A. pick it up B. get it off C. wake it up D. put it out 要点 13. leave leave的用法 (1)作为动词，意为“离开；留下；忘了带”。 My father leaves home at 6:00 o’clock every morning. 我爸爸每天早上六点钟离开家。 Parents mustn’t leave their kids alone at home. 父母千万不可以把孩子单独留在家。 （2）leave for sp. 意为“动身去某地” Tom is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 汤姆明天动身去上海。 （3）注意：leave...是“离开……”的意思，而leave for...是“动身去…” Today we’ll leave Changsha and tomorrow we’ll leave for Beijing. 今天我们将离开长沙，明天我们将动身去北京。 【典例分析】 1.— Show me your homework，Dave? — Sorry，Mrs. Brown. I ________ it at home. A. do　 　B. forget　 　C. take　　 D. leave 2.一些孩子16岁就毕业离校了。 Some children_________ _________ at 16. 3.现在该离开了。 It’s time _________ _________ now. 4.他们打算明天前往伦敦。 They plan to____________ London tomorrow. 5 你不能单独将他一个人留下。 You can’t ___________ him alone. 6.他将钢笔忘在教室里。 He _______ his pen _______ __________ _______. 要点 14. realize 1. 实现 I think I have the ability to realize my dream. 我想，‌我有能力实现我的梦想。‌ 2. “认识到”或“了解”。 After years of hard work, he realized the importance of family and friends. 经过多年的努力，‌他认识到了家庭和朋友的重要性。 【典例分析】 1. 最后我意识到了学习的重要性。 Finally, I ______ _____ ______ of study. 2. Mary wants to be a teacher someday. She tries her best to ________ her dream. A. realize B. invent C. build D. move 3. Today, more and more people begin to ________ the importance of saving water. A. cause B. control C. realize D. waste 要点 15. mind mind v. 注意，留意；介意；n. 注意力；主意，大脑 The expression on his face showed that he did mind very much. 他脸上的表情说明他非常在意。 Two days later he changed his mind.两天后他改变主意了。 【搭配】mind doing sth. 介意做某事 Did you mind being away from home for so long?你介意离开家很久吗？ Do you mind being alone?你介意独处吗？ Would you mind my doing sth. ？你介意我做……吗？ =Would you mind if I do...? Would you mind my opening the window?你介意我开窗吗？ make up one's mind to do sth.下决心做某事=decide to do sth.=make a decision to do sth. They made up their minds to study harder than before. 他们下决心比以前更努力学习。 Never mind!不介意！ 【典例分析】 1.杰克决定帮助穷人。（完成句子） Jack_________ __________ _________ ____________ to help the poor. 2.我没有准时完成它。没关系。（完成句子） - I haven't finished it on time! -_____________ ___________. 3.你应该记住它。 You should keep it __________ _______ __________. 4.动动脑筋，你会想出好办法的。 __________ __________ _________ ,and you will find out the good way. 5.打开门在意吗？ Do you __________ ___________the door？ 要点 16. pack pack是一个多义词，既可以作为名词使用，也可以作为动词使用 作动词 1.打包：将物品放入包装材料中。例句： We packed the books into boxes before moving. 我们在搬迁前把书本装进箱子里。 Please don't forget to pack me a razor.请别忘了给我放一把剃须刀进去。 2.挤满：指空间被填满。例句： The bus was packed with people.公共汽车里挤满了人。 作名词： 一群， 一堆。例句： A pack of dogs chased the fox.一群猎犬追捕狐狸 【典例分析】 1. —What are you ______so many books for , Grandma ? —I’ll give them away to the kids in West China. A. putting B. packing C. getting D. making 要点 17. success的用法 （1）作为不可数名词，意为“成功；成就”。在表示“成功的人或事”时，它是可数名词。 Success is the mother of failure.失败是成功之母。 The party was a great success.这次聚会获得了巨大的成功。 (2)其动词succeed,意为“成功”，常用于succeed in doing sth.,意为“成功做某事”。 The young man succeeded in passing the driving test. 年青人成功地通过了驾照考试。 （3）其形容词successful，意为“成功的”，其反义词为unsuccessful,意为“不成功的”。它们的副词分别为successfully, unsuccessfully。 The old man is a very successful writer. 老人是一个非常成功的作家 【典例分析】 1. success, succeed, successful , successfully填空。 1）He is a __________ business man. 2）At last Mike ____________ passing the exam. 3）Failure is the mother of _________. 4）You can finish this task ___________ by hard working. 5）At last he __________ in solving the problem. 6）His new book was a great ____________. 要点 18. celebrate celebrate的用法 （1）作为动词，意为“庆祝”，后常接birthday【生日】,festival【节日】,success【成功】等词汇。 Let’s celebrate the New Year by having a big party. 让我们举办一个盛大的聚会来迎接新年吧。 （2）其名词为celebration,意为“庆祝（活动）；庆典等”。 The foreign friends enjoyed the celebration during the Spring Festival. 这些外国朋友们非常喜欢春节期间的庆祝活动。 【典例分析】 1.—What are they doing? —They are 　 (庆祝) Christmas. 2. Emma got the first prize in the competition! Let’s have a party to _________. A, encourage B. celebrate C. understand D. develop. 3. My birthday is coming and we will have a big________. A. celebrate B. celebrating C. celebration D. celebrations 要点 19.rocky rock 岩石、‌石块 rocky 形容词 1.形容某物表面凹凸不平、‌多石或崎岖的：‌ The hike up the rocky mountain was challenging, but the view from the top was worth it. ‌ 攀登这座多石的山很有挑战性，‌但山顶的风景值得一切。‌ The rocky road made driving difficult.‌崎岖的道路使得驾驶变得困难。‌ 2.形容某人或某事不稳定,困难的：‌相当difficult，hard例句：‌ They had gone through some rocky times together when Ann was first married. 当安刚结婚时，‌他们已经一起度过了一些艰难时光。‌‌ 【典例分析】 1.He went through the_______(rock) time and ________(success) in achieving his dream. 2. a rocky road崎岖的道路 要点 20 put on put on 1.表示“穿上；戴上” It’s much too cold outside. You should put on your coat. 2.表示“上演；举办” We will put on a talent show next month. Put构成的短语 put up挂；张贴；公布；举起；搭起； put off 推迟 put away 收起来 put on 穿上；戴上；体重上升 put down 放下 put up with 忍受 put out 扑灭；熄灭 【典例分析】 1. —It’s cold outside, Jimmy! You should your sweater.   —Thanks, Mom. A. take off B. take in C. put on D. put up 2.—Jason, would you please _________this notice? —With pleasure. A. put on B. put off C. put up D. put out 3. 用put构成的短语填空 1）We will _________ the new play next month. 2）The sports meet will be ____________because of the bad weather. 3）_________ the books ________ after reading. 4）__________the gentleman’s address. 5）It took the fire---fighters four hours to _________ the fire. 6）Many new high buildings have been __________ in our city. 要点 21 practice practice作动词，意为“练习，实践”。既可以作及物动词，又可以作不及物动词。其后可以接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。【注意】也可以做名词，practice为不可数名词。例如： practise 只做动词，作动词用法与 practice同 My little brother practices the piano every day. 我的小弟弟每天弹钢琴。 Do you often practice playing football after school？ 你经常放学后踢足球吗？ 【典例分析】 1.Your invention is very _______________. 2.She practised ＿＿＿＿＿＿（play） the piano in the primary school basement. 3.She was taking her daughter to basketball ______________ every day. 4._______________ experience is often very important. 5.他们正在练习唱那首新歌。(完成句子) They’ re___________ ___________ the new song. 6.熟能生巧！(完成句子) ____________ makes perfect! 7. Let's enjoy________ the challenges instead of________ about our problems. A. face; worry B. facing; worrying C. to face; to worry D. face; worrying 8. —Why not ________ English in the morning? —That's a good idea. A. practise to speak B. practise speaking C. to practise speak D. practise speak to 要点 22 develop develop v. 发展，开发；研制 Thomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879. 托马斯·爱迪生在1879年研制了第一个有用的电灯泡。 【拓展】 developed 发达的 developing 发展中的 Canada is a developed country. 加拿大是一个发达国家。 China is a developing country. 中国是个发展中国家。 【思维导图】 【典例分析】 1.Will they _______________ their own machines? 2._______________ of new energy takes time. 3.China is a socialist country, and a _______________ country as well. 4.Britain is a modern, _______________ country. 5. The truth of the story is discovered little by little as the story ________. A. ends B. begins C. develops D. happens 知识要点二、语法 一般现在时态 1. 般现在时的用法 （1）表示事物或人物的特征、状态 如:The sky is blue. （2）表示经常性或者习惯性动作，常与always、often、usually、sometimes、every day/morning/night等连用。 如: I get up at six every day. （3）表示客观事实 如:The earth goes around the sun. 1. 一般现在时的结构 （1）主语+be动词+其他 如:She is a girl. （2）主语+行为动词+其他 如:We study English. 注意： 1、当句子主语是I,  you（第一、二人称单数）或we, you, they（人称代词复数）或复数名词时，行为动词用动词原形。Eg: I like English. 2、当主语为第三人称单数时，行为动词要在后面加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes English. 附：第三人称单数动词变化 一般动词后加s wear, read, work, make, like, laugh, buy 以s, x, o, ch, sh结尾,后加es watch, brush, teach, guess, catch, go, do 辅音字母 + y结尾的单词, 变y为i, 加es worry, carry 元音字母 + y结尾的，直接加s stay 特殊形式 have 1. 一般现在时的否定句 口诀： 1. 主语+be动词+not+其他 我用am, 你用are, is 连着他，她，它。 单数用is, 复数用are 如:She is not fat. 注意: be动词 肯定 否定 否定的缩写形式 am is are 主语+don’t/doesn’t+行为动词+其他 如:We don’t study English. Tips: 一旦遇见“do”“does”这两个助动词及其否定形式时，动词必须使用原形。 【典例分析】 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.Alice ___________ (not eat) bread for breakfast. She often _______ (eat) noodles. 2.My mother _____ (be) a teacher. She _______ (teach) in a junior high school. 3. I __________ (not watch) TV on weekdays. 4.His parents _____ (be) doctors. They ______ (work) in a big hospital. 5. ______ you ______ (get) up early every day? Yes, I ______. 6. Sam ______ (like) Geography? Yes, he ______. 7._____ Anna and Kate often ______ (play) music together? No, they _____. 8. _____ your father ______ (drive) the school bus? No, he _______. 9. Why _____ you _____ (go) to school on foot? Because my school _____ (be) close to my home. 10. When _____ your mother _____ (go) to work every day? She usually ______ (go) to work at 8 a.m. 二、频度副词 一般现在时常用下列副词或副词短语来作时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom, hardly, never, every day(week, year, night), on Sundays, on Monday, in the evening, once/ twice/ three times a month 例句: I often visit my teachers. 我经常看望我的老师。 例句: They do morning exercises every day. 他们每天做早操。 ①其中根据频度的“密疏”，频度副词的排列顺序是：always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom, hardly, never always 总是，一直 100% usually 通常 80%左右 often 经常 50% sometimes 有时 20% seldom 很少 5% never 从不，绝不 0% ②频度副词通常放在行为动词之前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后；而副词短语经常位于句末或句首。 I often get up early. 我经常起得早。 He is always kind to others. 他总是对别人很好。 I walk to school every day. 我每天步行去上学。 ③对频度副词提问时，用how often. --How often do you go to see your grandparents? --Once a week. 【典例分析】 3 Helen is a quiet girl. She _____ talks to other students. A. Seldom B. usually C. always D. often 1. I ________ watch this TV programme. It's very interesting. A．often　 B．never　 C．hardly　 D．seldom 2. —________ does your father play tennis after work? —Every Tuesday and Thursday. A．How often　 B．How soon C．Where D．Why 3. The weather ________ fine in July. A．usually is B．is usually C．usually D．usually be 4.—I hate(讨厌) vegetables. I ______eat them. —But they are good for your health！You should eat them every day. A．always B．seldom C．often D．usually 5．—Do you like watching TV, Kate? —Yes, I ________ TV in the evening. A．never watch B．watch often C．watch usually D．always watch 6.-- _______ do you usually do your housework? -- Once a week. A. How long     B. How often     C. Where      D. What   知识要点三、书面表达 【话题分析】 本单元作文以介绍日常生活为主线，主要内容是谈论日常生活的方法。写作内容渗透着本单元的话题和语言目标——谈论某人的日常生活。 在写作过程中要明确以下几点： 1. 由作文要谈及的主要内容决定我们在写作中要运用“sb. do sth. at + 具体时间”的句型结构，涉及日常生活的固定搭配等等。 2. 结合话题内容，我们在写作过程中要大量用到有关日常生活的短语。 【电子邮件的格式】 1.邮件头部:包括收件人和发件人,以及邮件的主题. 2.称呼:指对收件人的称呼.要根据与收件人的关系使用适当的称呼.写给熟悉的人,一般用Dear...或 My dear.··. 3.正文:这是邮件的主体部分.为了使收件人了解你的用意,内容务必叙述清楚,简单明了. 4.结束语:指正文下面的结尾客套话.一般第一个字母大写,末尾用逗号.假如对方是亲密的朋友,可用Yours sincerely等. 5.签名:指发件人的签名.写在结束语的下面. 电子邮件的通用格式 To: ________(收件人) From: __________ (发件人) Subject: __________ (主题) Dear _________, I‘m writing this e-mail to__________ (写邮件的目的).／How’s everything going? I have something to tell you about________ (邮件主题)_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours sincerely, __________ (署名) 【短语积累】 一、列举所学的关于学校日常活动的短语 1. 起床______________________ 2. 洗脸刷牙______________________ 3. 吃早餐（中餐. 晚餐）_____________________ 4. 步行上学______________________ 5. 开始上课______________________ 6. 打篮球______________________ 7. 参加课外活动______________________ 8. 放学回家______________________ 9. 做作业______________________ 10. 帮助父母做清洁_________________ 11. 睡觉______________________ 12.感到精力充沛_____________________ 13.期待做某事______________________ 14.为…做准备______________________ 15.为…而感谢______________________ 16.丰富多彩且忙碌的学校生活________ 【句式积累】 1.我早上7:20吃一顿丰盛健康的早餐开始新的一天。 2.关于学校生活现在我有许多话要告诉你。 3. 约翰参加很多课外活动 这让他精力充沛 4.在课间，我通常和同学们聊天，为下一节课做好准备。 5. 感谢您阅读我的电子邮件。 6.先完成作业是必要的。 7.我喜欢劳动课，因为劳动课让我发展好的工作习惯并且学会一些生活技巧。 8 我经常做早操或者和朋友一起做球类运动。 【实战演练】 同学们，欢迎你们来到新学校！你在新学校的生活是怎样的呢？假设你是John，请你写一篇电子邮件描述你的学校生活来回复Li Hua。内容包括你的学校情况、上课时间、学习科目、课后活动、你的感受等。 Dear Li Hua _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes. John 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 School life 知识梳理+训练知识目录 学习目标：本单元学习学校日常生活的单词和句式，能够读懂谈论关于日常生活，活动的文章。 语法目标：一般现在时的用法。 听说目标：谈论和听懂关于学校日常活动，学科爱好及原因的对话。 写作目标：学会描述自己或他人日常活动的小短文。 目录 知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式 要点1 重点短语 练习 要点2 重点句式 练习 【精讲精练】 要点1 do some readingt的用法 练习 要点2 do the dishes的用法 练习 要点3 By的用法 练习 要点4 Exercise的用法 练习 要点5 enjoy的用法 练习 要点6 take part in的用法 练习 要点7 look forward to的用法 练习 要点8 It is+ adj.+ of sb. +to do stht的用法 练习 要点9 不定代词+形容词的用法 练习 要点10 be similar to. be different from，the same as的用法 练习 要点11 present的用法 练习 要点12 Pick up的用法 练习 要点13 leave的用法 练习 要点14 realize的用法 练习 要点15 mind的用法 练习 要点16 pack的用法 练习 要点17 success的用法 练习 要点18 celebrate的用法 练习 要点19 rocky的用法 练习 要点20 put on的用法 练习 要点21 practice的用法 练习 要点22developb的用法 练习 知识要点二、语法 要点1 一般现在时态的用法 19 要点2 频度副词 20 知识要点三、书面表达 要点1 话题分析 22 要点2 词汇短语积累 23 要点3句式积累 24 要点4实战演练 24 知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。 【重点短语】 1. do the dishes洗碗 2 do some reading 阅读 3. junior high school初级中学 4. full of energy充满活力 5. take part in (= join in)参与 6. get ... ready for准备好..... 7. look forward to期待;盼望 8. put on举办;上演 9. daily life 日常生活 10. clean up打扫干净 11. go to bed去睡觉 12. pick up取(某物) 13. get up起床 14. do sport做运动 15. do some morning exercise 做早间锻炼 16. have a good time (=enjoy oneself/have fun)玩得开心 17. after-school activities课外活动 18. Thank you for…. 为…感谢你。 19. be difTcrent from 与.......不同固 20. in a great mood 有好心情 【重点句式】 1. I listen to music and do sport every day.我每天听音乐，做运动。 2. The teacher sometimes teaches us by playing games. It’s a great way to learn. 老师有时通过做游戏的方式教我们，是一个极好学习方法。 3. It's exciting to be a junior high student.成为初中生真让人兴奋。 4. There are different foods I can choose from. I really enjoy eating there! 有很多食物挑选，我真的喜欢在那儿就餐。 5. Classes end at 4:25 p.m. and many students take part in after-school activities 课程4:25结束，很多学生参加课后活动。 6. Tuesday is my favourite school day because I have a drama lesson in the afternoon. 周二是我最喜欢的上学日，因为下午我有—节戏剧课。 7. After a rocky start, it was the best day ever!在经历了艰难的开始之后,这是前所未有的最美好的—天! 8.We look forward to it and will practise very hard. 我们期待着它并且努力训练。 9. I have to think carefully when I'm solving difficult problems. I enjoy that. 当我解决困难问题我得认真思考，我真的喜欢。 10. In labour class, I develop good working habits and learn basic life skills. 劳动课上，我养成我的劳动习惯并且学习基本的生活技巧。 【精讲精练】 要点 1. do some reading do some reading 阅读 He likes to do some reading in the morning.他喜欢在早上做些朗读。 类似结构有：注意否定句和疑问句some不能改成any。这是以固定用法。当然也可以more , do more reading 多读点书。 do some shopping 买东西 do some washing 洗衣服 do some cooking 做饭 do some cleaning 打扫除 do some running 跑步 do some reading 看书 do some writing 练练字 【典例分析】 她每天放学后总要读书。 She always_________ ________ _________ after school. 【答案】 does some reading 要点 2. do the dishes do the dishes 洗碗碟。 do the dishes 洗碗碟与wash the dishes 意思基本一样。do the washing 洗衣。do the cleaning 做清洁 I'm too tired to do the dishes tonight. Can you help me? 我今晚太累了,洗碗你能帮我吗? Every evening after dinner, I wash the dishes by hand. 每天晚饭后，我用手洗碗。 【典例分析】 她经常洗碗碟帮妈妈干家务活。 She often ______ ______ ______ to help mum do the housework. 【答案】does the dishes 要点 3. By的用法 by doing sth. 通过做某事。此处by作介词，意为“通过”，表示方式或方法. 他通过看英语电影来学习英语。 He studies English by watching English films. 他们靠卖水果维持生活。 They make a living by selling fruits. by： ① “在……的旁边”，表示位置，=near，beside 。 There is an old house by the lake. 在湖旁有一座老房子。 ② “从……的旁边经过路过”，表示移动方向。 An old friend passed by me without stopping. 一位老朋友从我身边经过，没有停留。 ③ “不迟于，在……之前”， You must finish the work by Friday. ④ 接交通工具。如：by bus， by train ⑤ “被，由，受”，用于被动语态。如： The cake is eaten by the boy. 这块蛋糕被那个小男孩吃了 【典例分析】 一、指出下列各句‘by’的用法 1)There is a house by the river. 【答案】by介词，在旁边=beside，near 2)An old friend passed by me without stopping. 【答案】by 介词。“从……的旁边经过路过” 3)You must finish this work by Friday 【答案】by 介词。到。。。为止 4)I learn English by listening to the radio. 【答案】by介词“ 通过，用” 5)The cake was eaten by that little boy 【答案】by “被，由，受” 用于被动语态。 2.The children here improve their English listening and speaking every day.  A. on B. for C.by D. with 【答案】C 【解析】考查介词。句意:这里的孩子们通过每天听和说来提高他们的英语水平。on意为“在……上面”;for意为“为了”;by意为“通过”,表示通过某种手段或方法,其后常接动名词;with意为“和……一起”。故选C。 3.—Shall we go to the airport to pick up your sister? —I don't think it's necessary. She will come here taxi.  A. on B. for C.by D. with 【答案】C 【解析】by在这里表示乘坐某种交通工具。By taxi/by train/by bike /by bus. 4.On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel　 the window.  A. for B. on C.by D. with 【答案】C 【解析】by 在这里表“在。。。旁边”“在。。。附近” 5. Smartphones　 Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.  A. made by B. making in C.to make by D. makes in 【答案】A 【解析】made by。By常用于被动语态中，表示“由，被” 6.You have to get home 10 o'clock.   A. with B.in C. on D.by 【答案】D 【解析】by 表示“到。。。 为止” 要点 4. Exercise的用法 Exercise的用法 1.作可数名词用,“练习,习题,体操,功课,操练”等,常用复数. I'm doing my exercises.我在做练习/功课. Doing morning exercises is helpful to our health. 做早操对我们的健康是有益的. You should do more spelling exercises.你应该做更多的拼写练习. 2.作不可数名词用,“锻炼,运动”do exercise =take exercise=do sport（做锻炼） You are weak because of the lack of exercise.你身体弱是因为缺少锻炼. Take more exercise, and you will be healthy.多多锻炼,你会健康的. 3.作动词用,“训练,锻炼”. You must exercise yourself in order to be stronger and healthier.为了更健康更强壮,你必须锻炼自己. They are exercising troops.他们在练兵. You don't exercise enough.你锻炼不够.﹝作不及物动词﹞ 【典例分析】 1.我们每天做眼保健操。（翻译） 【答案】We do eye exercises every day. 2.每天锻炼能强身健体。（翻译2种） 【答案】Exercising every day can build up your body.=Doing exercise every day can build up your body. 3.The runners go to the gym to (锻炼) every day. 【答案】exercise 动词。 4. My grandmother does morning ________ every day. It is good for her to take ________. A. an exercise；exercise B. exercises；exercise C. the exercises；exercises D. an exercise；exercises 【答案】B 【解析】此题用词语应用法。根据第一句“我的祖母每天做早________。”可推断此处表示“体操”，第二句“对她来说进行________ 是有益的。”可推断此处指“锻炼”。故选B。 要点 5. enjoy 作为动词，意为“喜爱；享受……的乐趣”。常用于： 1 enjoy doing sth. 意为“喜欢做某事；享受做某事的乐趣”。 The little boy enjoys reading books very much. 那个小男孩儿非常喜爱读书。 2 enjoy oneself 意为“玩得开心；过得愉快”，其同义短语为have fun, have a good time。 We enjoyed ourselves in the swimming pool yesterday. 我们昨天在游泳池里玩得很开心。 拓展： 　　只接v.－ing形式作宾语的动词：喜欢（enjoy），思念（miss），介意（mind）；完成（finish），练习（practise），放弃（give up）。 【典例分析】 1.他们在海滩上玩得很高兴。（完成句子） They ________ __________ on the beach. = They _____ _____ ____ _____on the beach. 【答案】enjoy themselves have a good time 要点 6. take part in take part in 意为“参加”，是指参加集体性活动,如参加讨论、游行、比赛、战斗和庆祝等。如： 约翰参加很多课外活动。John takes part in many after-school activities 词汇 用法 例句 join 指加入某个组织成为其中一员。 join the Army/the Party/the League参军/入党/入团 My brother will join the army. join in 多指参加小规模的活动，如游戏、球赛等，join in sth. 参加某事 Can I join in the game? take part in 指参加群众性活动、会议并在其中起积极作用 All the students in our class took part in the sport meeting. attend 正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、典礼；听报告、讲座等。 He'll attend an important meeting tomorrow. 【典例分析】 1. 用take part in、join in、join和attend的适当形式填空。 1） I hope that you’ll ________ the discussion this afternoon. 2.)It is three months since he ______ the football club. 3) All the students ___________ the activity of planting trees last week. 4) He did not ____ the meeting yesterday. 【答案】1)join in多指参加小规模的活动. 2)joined 3)took part in“参加，参与”，指参加某种活动并在其中起作用。4）attend 2.－I’m going to Hong Kong next month. What about you, Jenny? －I will _______ social practice. A. take part in B. take place C. take off D. take action 【答案】A句意：我下个月要去香港。你呢，珍妮？－我要参加社会实践。take place发生 take off脱下 take action 采取措施。 要点 7. look forward to look forward to 意思是“期待，盼望”，to是介词，后面接名词或者动名词。例如： I look forward to being alone in the house. 我盼望能自己一人在这所房子。 We look forward to the return of spring. 我们期待着春天的到来。 【拓展】 与look有关的常用短语： look out 当心 look through 浏览 look over 仔细检查 look after 照顾 look for 寻找 look like 看起来像 look out of 向外看 look up 查阅 look back at 回顾 【典例分析】 1.—Have you seen the film Coming Home directed by Zhang Yimou? —Not yet. I'm ________ seeing it. It's said that the film is great! A. looking down on B. looking out for C. looking up to D. looking forward to 【答案】D 【解析】句意：还没有看，我期待看，听说这部电影很好。looking forward to 期待。 2. —I'm looking forward to ________ the summer holiday with my parents in Thailand. —Have a great time! A spend B. spending C. spends D. spent 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我盼望着和我的父母在泰国一起度过暑假。——祝你玩的愉快！考查动名词。由题干可知本题考查look forward to的用法，look forward to意为“期盼、盼望”，to是介词，后面接名词或动名词作宾语，结合选项，可知B选项符合题意，故答案选B。 3. Girl: I'm____ the trip which we can go whenever we want to go. Boy: You'll take me, and I'll take the money. A. taking part in B. taking care of C. looking back at D. looking forward to 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：女孩：我盼望着一次我们可以想去哪儿就去哪儿的旅行。男孩：你可以带上我，我会带上钱。taking part in参加活动；taking care of 照顾；looking back at回顾；looking forward to 盼望，期待。根据句意可知，这个女孩盼望着一次说走就走的旅行，故应选D。 4 我正期待你的来信。 I am ____________ __________ __________ _____________ from you. 【答案】 looking forward to hearing 注意look forward to 后面要用动词ing形式。 要点 8. It is+ adj.+ of sb. +to do sth It is+ adj.+ of sb. +to do sth中的adj.跟sb.有关, 这个adj.是用来形容sb.的,表示某人这么做是太adj.了 It’s very kind of you to help me. 把里面的sb.和adj.提出来可以发现you are kind to help me.是说得通的. It is +adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth 表示做某事对某人来说很adj. 这里的adj.是to do sth.的属性, 是用来形容to do sth.的 It’s difficult for you to deal with the problem. 注：若形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb. It’s very kind of you to help me. It’s clever of you to work out the maths problem. 若形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价，用for sb,这类形容词有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。 It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street. It’s difficult for us to finish the work. 【典例分析】 1.It's clever ________ the boy ________ so difficult a question. A. for; to answer B. of; to answer C. for; answer 【答案】 【解析】本题考查介词of与for在句型“It’s+adj. +for／of sb. to do sth. ’’ 中的用法。如果形容词是描述人的性格特征方面的则用of，否则用for。clever 描述人的性格，品质。故用of。 2. It’s dangerous a close look at the tiger in the zoo. A. for us taking B. of us to take C. of us taking D. for us to take 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查介词of与for在句型“It’s+adj. +for／of sb. to do sth. ’’ 中的用法。如果形容词是描述人的性格特征方面的则用of，否则用for。本题中的形容词为dangerous，不是描述人的性格特征的，故答案选D。 3. 对一个13岁的男孩来说，独自去外国旅游真的是很勇敢。 ________ brave ________ a 13-year-old boy ________ ________ around the foreign countries alone. 【答案】It’s of to travel 4.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。 It’s very _____________ ____________children to cross the busy street. 【答案】dangerous for 要点 9. 不定代词+形容词 形容词修饰不定代词时，应该后置，即不 定代词后跟形容词。 1.我有重要的事告诉你们。 I have something important to tell you. 2.你能够找到不同的东西吗？ Can you find anything different ? 【典例分析】 1.他昨天见到某个名人. He met __________ __________ yesterday. 2. Did Lisa tell you ________ in the letter? A. interesting anything B. anything interesting C. interesting something D. something interesting 【答案】1.somebody famous 2.B 要点 10. be similar to , be different from, the same as similar作形容词，意为“相似的”。be similar to…意为“与……相似，接近”，一般用在相近似的物品和情境的对比上。例如： 　 His problem is similar to yours. 他的问题和你的相似。 　 I guess it may be similar to the Hindu culture. 我猜想，这可能接近于印度文化。 1. the same as与……相同。如： My opinion is the same as his. = My opinion and his are the same. 2.be different from与……不同。如： Their hobbies are different from mine. = Their hobbies and mine are different 【典例分析】 1.Your new bike is different________ mine, but quite similar________ Jack’s. A. to; to B. to; from C. from; to D. from; from 【答案】C 【解析】be different from 与。。。不同。Be similar to 与。。。相似。 要点 11. present Present 是一个多义词，‌在英语中可以用作名词、‌形容词和动词 作动词用 1.颁发，‌授予：‌例如，‌ Prince Michael of Kent presented the prizes.‌肯特亲王迈克尔颁发了奖品。 ‌‌2. 赠送：‌表示将某物送给某人。‌例如，‌ She gave us a picture as a wedding present. 她赠给我们一幅画作结婚礼物。‌ 3.呈现，‌展示，‌陈述，‌在正式场合中展示某物或陈述信息。‌例如， ‌ I presented the results of the survey to the rest of the team. ‌ 我把调查结果展示给了团队的其余成员。 名词（‌Noun）‌ 1.礼物：‌相当于“gift”。‌例如，‌ I bought a birthday present for my mother. ‌我给母亲买了一份生日礼物。 2.现在，‌目前：‌常与定冠词“the”连用，‌表示“现在，‌此时此刻”。‌例如，‌ Stop talking about the future, and start living in the present! 停止谈论未来，‌开始活在当下！‌ 形容词（‌Adjective）‌ 1.出席的，‌到场的：‌在句中主要用作表语，‌偶尔用作定语，‌一般须后置。‌例如，‌ There are other people present. 还有其他人出席。‌ 2.现在的，‌目前的，‌现行的：‌只用作前置定语。‌例如，‌ present situation目前形势‌ Presentation 也是present的名词形式。的意思是：展示；描述，陈述；介绍；赠送 The ideas in the show's presentation were good, but failed in execution. 那场展览陈述的想法很好，但是没能实现。 短语搭配 at present：‌目前，‌现在 for the present：‌暂时，‌目前 present oneself：‌出席 present situation：‌现状 birthday present：‌生日礼物 【典例分析】 1.她生日时你要送她什么礼物？ _________ ________ will you give her on her birthday? 【答案】What present 2.你必须忘掉过去，开始现在的生活。 You must forget _________ _________ and start living ________ _________ _________. 【答案】the past in the present 3.Tim saved two students in the fire. The headmaster will ________ the prize to him at the meeting.  A. promise                B. practise    C. prepare                D. present 【答案】本题考查动词辨析。promise 意为“保证；承诺”，practise意为“练习”，prepare意为“准备”， present意为“授予”，结合语境可知应选D。 4我的朋友送给我一把漂亮的扇子作为礼物。 My friend gave me a beautiful fan _________ _________ ______________. 【答案】as a present 5. 上次参加会议的人比这次多。 More people ___________ _________ the meeting last time than this time. 【答案】were presented 6. 他们现在正在参观巴黎。 They are visiting Paris __________ __________. 【答案】at present 要点 12. Pick up P ick up这个短语有多种用法，以下是其中一些主要的用法： 1.捡起：最常见的用法之一，表示将某物从地上或其他地方拿起。例如， He picked up his book from the floor. 他从地板上捡起了他的书。 2.获得,拿到：表示通过某种方式获得某物或某种状态。例如， He picked up some useful ideas for his project. 他为他的项目获得了一些有用的想法。 3.接电话：表示接听电话。例如， I‘ll pick up the phone when it rings.电话响时我会接听。 4.搭便车：表示搭乘别人的车。例如， Can you pick me up on your way home? 你回家的时候能载我一程吗？ 【典例分析】 1. I called Jane yesterday, but she didn’t ________ the phone. A. pick out B. pick up C. put off D. put up 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我昨天给简打电话了，但是她没接。 考查动词短语。pick out挑出；pick up拿起；put off推迟；put up张贴。根据“called”可知，空处表示接电话，用动词短语pick up。故选B。 2. —You’d better not drop litter everywhere! —I’m so sorry. I will _________. A. pick it up B. get it off C. wake it up D. put it out 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你最好不要到处乱扔垃圾！——我很抱歉。我会把它捡起来。 考查动词短语。pick up捡起；get off下车；wake up醒来；put out扑灭。根据“You’d better not drop litter everywhere!”可知，此处指的是“捡起垃圾”，故选A。 要点 13. leave leave的用法 (1)作为动词，意为“离开；留下；忘了带”。 My father leaves home at 6:00 o’clock every morning. 我爸爸每天早上六点钟离开家。 Parents mustn’t leave their kids alone at home. 父母千万不可以把孩子单独留在家。 （2）leave for sp. 意为“动身去某地” Tom is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 汤姆明天动身去上海。 （3）注意：leave...是“离开……”的意思，而leave for...是“动身去…” Today we’ll leave Changsha and tomorrow we’ll leave for Beijing. 今天我们将离开长沙，明天我们将动身去北京。 【典例分析】 1.— Show me your homework，Dave? — Sorry，Mrs. Brown. I ________ it at home. A. do　 　B. forget　 　C. take　　 D. leave 【答案】D 【解析】此题考查动词词义辨析。do“做”；forget“忘记”；take“拿，取；花费”；leave“离开；遗忘”。根据句意“——Dave，给我看一看你的作业。——对不起，布朗女士。我________它在家里了。”可知此空表示“遗忘”。而“leave...＋介词短语”表示“把……遗忘在……”，故选D。 2.一些孩子16岁就毕业离校了。 Some children_________ _________ at 16. 【答案】leave school 3.现在该离开了。 It’s time _________ _________ now. 【答案】to leave 4.他们打算明天前往伦敦。 They plan to____________ London tomorrow. 【答案】leave for 5 你不能单独将他一个人留下。 You can’t ___________ him alone. 【答案】leave “留下”之意。 6.他将钢笔忘在教室里。 He _______ his pen _______ __________ _______. 【答案】left in the classroom. Leave sth sp. 将某事忘在某地。 要点 14. realize 1. 实现 I think I have the ability to realize my dream. 我想，‌我有能力实现我的梦想。‌ 2. “认识到”或“了解”。 After years of hard work, he realized the importance of family and friends. 经过多年的努力，‌他认识到了家庭和朋友的重要性。 【典例分析】 1. 最后我意识到了学习的重要性。 Finally, I ______ _____ ______ of study. 【答案】realized the importanc 2. Mary wants to be a teacher someday. She tries her best to ________ her dream. A. realize B. invent C. build D. move 【答案】A 【解析】句意：玛丽希望有一天能成为一名教师。她尽力实现自己的梦想。 考查动词辨析。realize实现；invent发明；build建造；move移动。空格后为名词“dream”，此处应用动词realize搭配，意为“实现梦想”。故选A。 3. Today, more and more people begin to ________ the importance of saving water. A. cause B. control C. realize D. waste 【答案】C 【解析】句意：如今，越来越多的人意识到节约水资源的重要性。 考查动词辨析。cause导致；control控制；realize意识到；waste浪费。根据后面的“the importance of saving water”可知，应指的是“意识到节约水资源的重要性”，故选C。 要点 15. mind mind v. 注意，留意；介意；n. 注意力；主意，大脑 The expression on his face showed that he did mind very much. 他脸上的表情说明他非常在意。 Two days later he changed his mind.两天后他改变主意了。 【搭配】mind doing sth. 介意做某事 Did you mind being away from home for so long?你介意离开家很久吗？ Do you mind being alone?你介意独处吗？ Would you mind my doing sth. ？你介意我做……吗？ =Would you mind if I do...? Would you mind my opening the window?你介意我开窗吗？ make up one's mind to do sth.下决心做某事=decide to do sth.=make a decision to do sth. They made up their minds to study harder than before. 他们下决心比以前更努力学习。 Never mind!不介意！ 【典例分析】 1.杰克决定帮助穷人。（完成句子） Jack_________ __________ _________ ____________ to help the poor. 2.我没有准时完成它。没关系。（完成句子） - I haven't finished it on time! -_____________ ___________. 3.你应该记住它。 You should keep it __________ _______ __________. 4.动动脑筋，你会想出好办法的。 __________ __________ _________ ,and you will find out the good way. 5.打开门在意吗？ Do you __________ ___________the door？ 【解析】1.makes up his mind 2. Never mind 3. in your mind keep sth. in one’s mind 记住某事。 4. Use your mind/head。 5.mind opening， mind doing sth 在意做某事。 要点 16. pack pack是一个多义词，既可以作为名词使用，也可以作为动词使用 作动词 1.打包：将物品放入包装材料中。例句： We packed the books into boxes before moving. 我们在搬迁前把书本装进箱子里。 Please don't forget to pack me a razor.请别忘了给我放一把剃须刀进去。 2.挤满：指空间被填满。例句： The bus was packed with people.公共汽车里挤满了人。 作名词： 一群， 一堆。例句： A pack of dogs chased the fox.一群猎犬追捕狐狸 【典例分析】 1. —What are you ______so many books for , Grandma ? —I’ll give them away to the kids in West China. A. putting B. packing C. getting D. making 【答案】B 【解析】句意“-祖母，你把这些书打包起来做什么？-我将把书赠送给西部的孩子”。A.放；B.打包；C.得到；D.让；制作。根据句意，故选B。 要点 17. success的用法 （1）作为不可数名词，意为“成功；成就”。在表示“成功的人或事”时，它是可数名词。 Success is the mother of failure.失败是成功之母。 The party was a great success.这次聚会获得了巨大的成功。 (2)其动词succeed,意为“成功”，常用于succeed in doing sth.,意为“成功做某事”。 The young man succeeded in passing the driving test. 年青人成功地通过了驾照考试。 （3）其形容词successful，意为“成功的”，其反义词为unsuccessful,意为“不成功的”。它们的副词分别为successfully, unsuccessfully。 The old man is a very successful writer. 老人是一个非常成功的作家 【典例分析】 1. success, succeed, successful , successfully填空。 1）He is a __________ business man. 2）At last Mike ____________ passing the exam. 3）Failure is the mother of _________. 4）You can finish this task ___________ by hard working. 5）At last he __________ in solving the problem. 6）His new book was a great ____________. 【答案】1.successful 2.succeeded in 3. success 4.successfuly 5.succeeded 6.success 要点 18. celebrate celebrate的用法 （1）作为动词，意为“庆祝”，后常接birthday【生日】,festival【节日】,success【成功】等词汇。 Let’s celebrate the New Year by having a big party. 让我们举办一个盛大的聚会来迎接新年吧。 （2）其名词为celebration,意为“庆祝（活动）；庆典等”。 The foreign friends enjoyed the celebration during the Spring Festival. 这些外国朋友们非常喜欢春节期间的庆祝活动。 【典例分析】 1.—What are they doing? —They are 　 (庆祝) Christmas. 【答案】celebrating 2. Emma got the first prize in the competition! Let’s have a party to _________. A, encourage B. celebrate C. understand D. develop. 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：Emma 在比赛得了一等奖，我们开个聚会来庆祝一下吧！ 3. My birthday is coming and we will have a big________. A. celebrate B. celebrating C. celebration D. celebrations 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我的生日就要来了并且我们将进行大的庆祝。 考查词性辨析。celebrate庆祝，动词；celebrating现在分词或动名词；celebration名词；celebrations名词复数形式。“a big...”后应接名词单数，故选C。 要点 19.rocky rock 岩石、‌石块 rocky 形容词 1.形容某物表面凹凸不平、‌多石或崎岖的：‌ The hike up the rocky mountain was challenging, but the view from the top was worth it. ‌ 攀登这座多石的山很有挑战性，‌但山顶的风景值得一切。‌ The rocky road made driving difficult.‌崎岖的道路使得驾驶变得困难。‌ 2.形容某人或某事不稳定,困难的：‌相当difficult，hard例句：‌ They had gone through some rocky times together when Ann was first married. 当安刚结婚时，‌他们已经一起度过了一些艰难时光。‌‌ 【典例分析】 1.He went through the_______(rock) time and ________(success) in achieving his dream. 【答案】rocky 2. a rocky road崎岖的道路 要点 20 put on put on 1.表示“穿上；戴上” It’s much too cold outside. You should put on your coat. 2.表示“上演；举办” We will put on a talent show next month. Put构成的短语 put up挂；张贴；公布；举起；搭起； put off 推迟 put away 收起来 put on 穿上；戴上；体重上升 put down 放下 put up with 忍受 put out 扑灭；熄灭 【典例分析】 1. —It’s cold outside, Jimmy! You should your sweater.   —Thanks, Mom. A. take off B. take in C. put on D. put up 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——外面很冷，吉米！你应该穿上你的毛衣。——谢谢，妈妈。 考查动词短语辨析。take off脱下；take in吸入；put on穿上；put up张贴。根据上文“It’s cold outside, Jimmy!”可知，外面冷，应该穿上毛衣。故选C 2.—Jason, would you please _________this notice? —With pleasure. A. put on B. put off C. put up D. put out 【点拨】C　句意:——Jason,请你把这个通知　　　好吗?——愿意效劳。put on“穿上”;put off“推迟”; put up “张贴”;put out“熄灭”。只有C项符合语境。  3. 用put构成的短语填空 1）We will _________ the new play next month. 2）The sports meet will be ____________because of the bad weather. 3）_________ the books ________ after reading. 4）__________the gentleman’s address. 5）It took the fire---fighters four hours to _________ the fire. 6）Many new high buildings have been __________ in our city. 【答案】1.put on 上演 2. put off 推迟 3.Put away 收拾，整理好 4.put down 记下 5. put out熄灭 6. put up 建造 要点 21 practice practice作动词，意为“练习，实践”。既可以作及物动词，又可以作不及物动词。其后可以接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。【注意】也可以做名词，practice为不可数名词。例如： practise 只做动词，作动词用法与 practice同 My little brother practices the piano every day. 我的小弟弟每天弹钢琴。 Do you often practice playing football after school？ 你经常放学后踢足球吗？ 【典例分析】 1.Your invention is very _______________. 2.She practised ＿＿＿＿＿＿（play） the piano in the primary school basement. 3.She was taking her daughter to basketball ______________ every day. 4._______________ experience is often very important. 【答案】：１. practical. 你的发明很实用。形容词。２.playing　 practise后面动词只用ｖｉｎｇ形式 ３. practice 她那时每天带她的女儿去进行篮球训练。Practice名词。 ４. Practical　实际的经历通常很重要。形容词修饰名词 5.他们正在练习唱那首新歌。(完成句子) They’ re___________ ___________ the new song. 【答案】practicing/practsing singing 6.熟能生巧！(完成句子) ____________ makes perfect! 【答案】practice 7. Let's enjoy________ the challenges instead of________ about our problems. A. face; worry B. facing; worrying C. to face; to worry D. face; worrying 【答案】B 【解析】enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”；instead of 后跟动词的­ing形式，故选B。 8. —Why not ________ English in the morning? —That's a good idea. A. practise to speak B. practise speaking C. to practise speak D. practise speak to 【答案】B 【解析】why not+动词原形？为什么不呢？表示建议。 Practise 后面接动词ving形式。故答案选B。 要点 22 develop develop v. 发展，开发；研制 Thomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879. 托马斯·爱迪生在1879年研制了第一个有用的电灯泡。 【拓展】 developed 发达的 developing 发展中的 Canada is a developed country. 加拿大是一个发达国家。 China is a developing country. 中国是个发展中国家。 【思维导图】 【典例分析】 1.Will they _______________ their own machines? 2._______________ of new energy takes time. 3.China is a socialist country, and a _______________ country as well. 4.Britain is a modern, _______________ country. 【答案】１. develop 　他们是否将开发出自己的机器呢？develop　“研发　开发”　动词 ２. Development　开发新能源需要时间。Development　名词，发展。 ３. developing country中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。 ４. developed　英国是一个现代化的发达国家。 5. The truth of the story is discovered little by little as the story ________. A. ends B. begins C. develops D. happens 【答案】C 【解析】句意：随着故事的发展，故事真相渐渐地被发现。 考查动词辨析。ends结束；begins开始；develops发展；happens发生。根据“The truth of the story is discovered little by little as the story ”可知，随着故事的发展，真相被渐渐地发现，故选C。知识要点二、语法 一般现在时态 · 般现在时的用法 （1）表示事物或人物的特征、状态 如:The sky is blue. （2）表示经常性或者习惯性动作，常与always、often、usually、sometimes、every day/morning/night等连用。 如: I get up at six every day. （3）表示客观事实 如:The earth goes around the sun. · 一般现在时的结构 （1）主语+be动词+其他 如:She is a girl. （2）主语+行为动词+其他 如:We study English. 注意： 1、当句子主语是I,  you（第一、二人称单数）或we, you, they（人称代词复数）或复数名词时，行为动词用动词原形。Eg: I like English. 2、当主语为第三人称单数时，行为动词要在后面加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes English. 附：第三人称单数动词变化 一般动词后加s wear, read, work, make, like, laugh, buy 以s, x, o, ch, sh结尾,后加es watch, brush, teach, guess, catch, go, do 辅音字母 + y结尾的单词, 变y为i, 加es worry, carry 元音字母 + y结尾的，直接加s stay 特殊形式 have · 一般现在时的否定句 口诀： 1. 主语+be动词+not+其他 我用am, 你用are, is 连着他，她，它。 单数用is, 复数用are 如:She is not fat. 注意: be动词 肯定 否定 否定的缩写形式 am is are 主语+don’t/doesn’t+行为动词+其他 如:We don’t study English. Tips: 一旦遇见“do”“does”这两个助动词及其否定形式时，动词必须使用原形。 【典例分析】 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.Alice ___________ (not eat) bread for breakfast. She often _______ (eat) noodles. 2.My mother _____ (be) a teacher. She _______ (teach) in a junior high school. 3. I __________ (not watch) TV on weekdays. 4.His parents _____ (be) doctors. They ______ (work) in a big hospital. 5. ______ you ______ (get) up early every day? Yes, I ______. 6. Sam ______ (like) Geography? Yes, he ______. 7._____ Anna and Kate often ______ (play) music together? No, they _____. 8. _____ your father ______ (drive) the school bus? No, he _______. 9. Why _____ you _____ (go) to school on foot? Because my school _____ (be) close to my home. 10. When _____ your mother _____ (go) to work every day? She usually ______ (go) to work at 8 a.m. 【答案】1. doesn’t eat eats 2.is teaches 3. doesn’t watch 4.are work 5. Do get do 6. Does like does 7. Do play don’t 8. Does drive doesn’t 9.do go is 10.does go goes 二、频度副词 一般现在时常用下列副词或副词短语来作时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom, hardly, never, every day(week, year, night), on Sundays, on Monday, in the evening, once/ twice/ three times a month 例句: I often visit my teachers. 我经常看望我的老师。 例句: They do morning exercises every day. 他们每天做早操。 ①其中根据频度的“密疏”，频度副词的排列顺序是：always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom, hardly, never always 总是，一直 100% usually 通常 80%左右 often 经常 50% sometimes 有时 20% seldom 很少 5% never 从不，绝不 0% ②频度副词通常放在行为动词之前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后；而副词短语经常位于句末或句首。 I often get up early. 我经常起得早。 He is always kind to others. 他总是对别人很好。 I walk to school every day. 我每天步行去上学。 ③对频度副词提问时，用how often. --How often do you go to see your grandparents? --Once a week. 【典例分析】 3 Helen is a quiet girl. She _____ talks to other students. A. Seldom B. usually C. always D. often 【答案】A 【解析】海伦是一个文静的女孩，她很少与别人说话。 1. I ________ watch this TV programme. It's very interesting. A．often　 B．never　 C．hardly　 D．seldom 【答案】A 【解析】此题用题眼法解答。由后句“它是非常有趣的。”可知，前句意为“我常常看这个电视节目。”故选A。 2. —________ does your father play tennis after work? —Every Tuesday and Thursday. A．How often　 B．How soon C．Where D．Why 【答案】A 【解析】此题用题眼法解答。由答语Every Tuesday and Thursday.可知询问频率。故选A。 3. The weather ________ fine in July. A．usually is B．is usually C．usually D．usually be 【答案】B 【解析】此题考查频度副词的位置。频度副词一般用在系动词、助动词之后，行为动词之前。故选B。 4.—I hate(讨厌) vegetables. I ______eat them. —But they are good for your health！You should eat them every day. A．always B．seldom C．often D．usually 【答案】B 【解析】题眼法。由hate可知是很少吃或不吃，故选B。 5．—Do you like watching TV, Kate? —Yes, I ________ TV in the evening. A．never watch B．watch often C．watch usually D．always watch 【答案】D 【解析】用语法判定法。由答语中的“Yes” 可排除 A项，often, usually, always 常放在实义动词前面，故选D。 6.-- _______ do you usually do your housework? -- Once a week. A. How long     B. How often     C. Where      D. What  【答案】B 【解析】根据回答：一周一次，可见提问的频率。提问频率用特殊疑问词how often。因此本题选B。 知识要点三、书面表达 【话题分析】 本单元作文以介绍日常生活为主线，主要内容是谈论日常生活的方法。写作内容渗透着本单元的话题和语言目标——谈论某人的日常生活。 在写作过程中要明确以下几点： 1. 由作文要谈及的主要内容决定我们在写作中要运用“sb. do sth. at + 具体时间”的句型结构，涉及日常生活的固定搭配等等。 2. 结合话题内容，我们在写作过程中要大量用到有关日常生活的短语。 【电子邮件的格式】 1.邮件头部:包括收件人和发件人,以及邮件的主题. 2.称呼:指对收件人的称呼.要根据与收件人的关系使用适当的称呼.写给熟悉的人,一般用Dear...或 My dear.··. 3.正文:这是邮件的主体部分.为了使收件人了解你的用意,内容务必叙述清楚,简单明了. 4.结束语:指正文下面的结尾客套话.一般第一个字母大写,末尾用逗号.假如对方是亲密的朋友,可用Yours sincerely等. 5.签名:指发件人的签名.写在结束语的下面. 电子邮件的通用格式 To: ________(收件人) From: __________ (发件人) Subject: __________ (主题) Dear _________, I‘m writing this e-mail to__________ (写邮件的目的).／How’s everything going? I have something to tell you about________ (邮件主题)_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours sincerely, __________ (署名) 【短语积累】 一、列举所学的关于学校日常活动的短语 1. 起床______________________ 2. 洗脸刷牙______________________ 3. 吃早餐（中餐. 晚餐）_____________________ 4. 步行上学______________________ 5. 开始上课______________________ 6. 打篮球______________________ 7. 参加课外活动______________________ 8. 放学回家______________________ 9. 做作业______________________ 10. 帮助父母做清洁_________________ 11. 睡觉______________________ 12.感到精力充沛_____________________ 13.期待做某事______________________ 14.为…做准备______________________ 15.为…而感谢______________________ 16.丰富多彩且忙碌的学校生活________ 1.get up 2.wash my face and bush my teeth 3. have breakfast(lunch supper) 4.go to school on foot 5.begin classes 6.play basketball l7. take part in out-class activities 8.go home after school 9.do my homework 10. help parents clean up 11.go to sleep 12. fell full of energy 13. look forward to doing 14.get ready to do/get ready for 15. thanks for… 【句式积累】 1.我早上7:20吃一顿丰盛健康的早餐开始新的一天。 I start the day with a big, healthy breakfast at 7:20 a.m. 2.关于学校生活现在我有许多话要告诉你。 Now I have a lot to tell you about my new school life. 3. 约翰参加很多课外活动 这让他精力充沛 John takes part in many after-school activities. It makes him full of energy. 4.在课间，我通常和同学们聊天，为下一节课做好准备。 During the breaks between classes. I usually talk with my classmates and get myself ready for the next lesson. 5. 感谢您阅读我的电子邮件。 Thank you for reading my email. 6.先完成作业是必要的。 It's necessary to finish our homework first. 7.我喜欢劳动课，因为劳动课让我发展好的工作习惯并且学会一些生活技巧。 I like labour classes because they make me develop good working habits and learn basic life skills, 8 我经常做早操或者和朋友一起做球类运动。 I often do some morning exercise or play a ball game with my friends. 【实战演练】 同学们，欢迎你们来到新学校！你在新学校的生活是怎样的呢？假设你是John，请你写一篇电子邮件描述你的学校生活来回复Li Hua。内容包括你的学校情况、上课时间、学习科目、课后活动、你的感受等。 Dear Li Hua _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes. John Dear Li Hua You want to about my daily life. I have a lot to tell you. Now I study in No. 1 Middle School. My school is very big and beautiful. I'm very happy in the school. We have eight classes every day. The first class begins at 8:00 a.m. and the last ends at 3:40. I like all the classes, because my teachers can make the classes lively and interesting. My favourite subject is English, My English teacher is patirnt and strict. I often communicate with her in English .and I also join English Corner every week. I can speak English with many other students there. It's very interesting and exciting. I think it's helpful for me to learn English well. After classes, I often take part in different kinds of activities. Such as playing games with my friends or joining in some clubs I like. I enjoy doing sport, like playing basketball, volleyball, football, table tennis and so on. They are very relaxing. I like my lessons, my friends and my teachers. In a word, I love my school.My school life is wonderful. Best wishes. John 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$