精品解析：陕西省西安市铁一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

2023—2024—2高二年级期末考试 英语试题 时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15. 答案是C。 1．Which colour of a carpet does the man like best? A．Blue. B．Red. C．Grey. 2．Why does the woman probably like the new style of writing? A．She is better at this style. B．She likes trying new styles. C．She finds the normal style hard. 3．What did the woman ns e to forget to do? A．Write down the calories. B．Count the calories. C．Read the calories. 4．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Nurse and patient. C．Co-workers. 5．What are the speakers talking about? A．What to study at college. B．How to select courses online. C．Where to learn foreign languages. 第二节(共15小题;每小题.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What did the woman order at last? A．A beef sandwich. B．A hot dog. C．Chicken breast. 7．Where is the woman? A．In her car B．At the cashier’s desk. C．In her office. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What kind of housework does the man usually do? A．Take out the garbage. B．Water the plants. C．Clear the dining table. 9．Why is the man unwilling to load and unload the dishwasher? A．He has no free time. B．He is not careful enough. C．Ne has no one to share the work. 10．How does the man react to the new tasks initially? A．Agreeably. B．Happily. C．Unwillingly. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What are the sneakers doing? A．Judging an artist. B．Hanging a picture. C．Visiting a museum. 12．How did the man know the name of the painting? A．By searching on the Internet. B．By reading the label below it C．By checking the brochure in advance. 13．How does the man feat about museums now? A．Instructive. B．Boring. C．Fancy. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．Why did the man unit his job? A．He felt stressed. B．He felt bored. C．He felt tired out. 15．How long should the bank manager work on workdays? A．For nine hours. B．For nine and a half hours. C．For eight and a half hours. 16．What does the man care about most when looking for a job? A．The benefits. B．The salary. C．The working hours. 17．What would the man do first? A．Contact the bank. B．Apply for the job. C．Send an application letter. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．How long do Chinstrap penguins sleep at a time? A．For about for seconds. B．For around eleven hours. C．For a week. 19．What makes Niels need surprised? A．Penguins have no ability to fly. B．Chinstrap penguins make it with micro-sleeps. C．Female penguins go off fishing for family meals. 20．What does the speaker mainly talk about? A．Varieties of penguins. B．Research into sleep. C．Chinstrap penguins’ lifestyle. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A While Alice has her adventures in the Wonderland, you can have your own as well this summer. British contemporary artist Philip Colbert has created a Lobster (龙虾) Wonderland in Changsha, Hunan Province. Date: July 15 Location: Changsha International Finance Square (Changsha IFS) About Philip Colbert His globally welcomed lobster series has won the hearts of a large number of followers. The artist, with a master’s in philosophy, takes lobster as his second personality. Through large installations, public art theme exhibition and new media art, the artist has introduced works from galleries and created a surreal art scenery in city’s public space with a combination of pop art and local culture. Features In Changsha IFS, Colbert’s exhibition, which is the London-based artist’s first large-scale outdoor public art installations, has three major sectors, showcasing his large installations, sculptures and new media arts as well as the special works created for the event. The opening ceremony, an art carnival, saw the debut (首次登台) of a 12-meter-long Lobster Taikonaut specially made by Colbert. His Lobster Flower and Lobster Shark also found their way in the parade. At the southwest square, people can find Lobster Fountain towering 12 meters and enjoy two major theme sectors, Lobster Island and Lobster Skate Park. Lobster Rainbow, a lobster breaking through a roof with a rainbow behind it, is the artist’s brand-new work for Changsha IFS. In his works, such as Daydreamer, Colbert also expresses his wish of narrowing the distance between art pieces and people. 1. What is Philip Colbert well known for? A. Alice Wonderland. B. Shark experience. C. Lobster series. D. Rainbow story. 2. What can we learn about the exhibition according to the text? A. It took place in the open air. B. There was no special works for the event. C. People can enjoy lobster fountain and lake. D. Lobster Island is the artist’s brand-new work for Changsha IFS. 3 Where can the text probably be found? A. A shopping brochure. B. An art magazine. C. A science report. D. A fashion advertisement. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了英国当代艺术家Philip Colbert 在湖南长沙创作的“龙虾仙境”。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据About Philip Colbert部分中“His globally welcomed lobster series has won the hearts of a large number of followers. The artist, with a master’s in philosophy, takes lobster as his second personality.(他的龙虾系列受到全球欢迎，赢得了一大批粉丝的心。这位拥有哲学硕士学位的艺术家把龙虾当作自己的第二人格)”可知，他的龙虾系列作品受到全球欢迎，所以他是因他的龙虾系列作品而全球闻名的。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Features部分中“In Changsha IFS, Colbert’s exhibition, which is the London-based artist’s first large-scale outdoor public art installations, has three major sectors, showcasing his large installations, sculptures and new media arts as well as the special works created for the event.(在长沙IFS，科尔伯特的展览是伦敦艺术家的第一个大型户外公共艺术装置，分为三个主要部分，展示了他的大型装置，雕塑和新媒体艺术以及为活动创作的特别作品)”可知，该展览是这位伦敦艺术家的第一个大型户外公共艺术装置。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“While Alice has her adventures in the Wonderland, you can have your own as well this summer. British contemporary artist Philip Colbert has created a Lobster(龙虾) Wonderland in Changsha, Hunan Province.(当爱丽丝在仙境里冒险的时候，这个夏天你也可以有自己的冒险。英国当代艺术家菲利普·科尔伯特在湖南省长沙市创造了一个龙虾仙境)”结合文章主要介绍了一位艺术家的展览，故本文可以在艺术杂志上看到。故选B。 B I fell in love with rhinos when I worked in a zoo in the 80s, and spent much of the next 20 years as the keeper of the largest captive (圈养的) group of rare black rhinos There’s a popular misconception that rhinos are aggressive and stupid, but I found them sensitive and affectionate animals. Weighing over a ton, black rhinos are unexpectedly agile (敏捷的) and have an unpredictable nature — but, given reassurance, they tend to believe people. In the past few decades, their numbers have dropped dramatically. In recent years, I’ve helped look after rhinos being moved to the reserve so they can form new populations in countries that have few left. Last year, I helped on a project to fly five black rhinos from a private reserve in South Africa to the Serengeti National Park. Once there, the animals had to be kept captive for a few weeks to adapt to the new environment, in which time they lived in “bomas” — wooden enclosures with “bedrooms”, designed to create a calm space. A couple of weeks before their planned release, the sky was filled with smoke. Watching the flames rushing through the bush toward the bomas, I froze. Terrified that it would catch fire, my instinct was to release the rhinos, but they hadn’t yet been fitted with transmitters (发信器). If I let them out into a bushfire and they were injured, we’d have great difficulty tracking them down. So I dashed back to the bomas and called the rhinos to the bedrooms. Sensing the tear in my voices, they moved without hesitation and remained astonishingly calm. It was crucial the rhinos didn’t panic — they can easily hurt each other if they do. Meanwhile, the rangers managed to beat the closest flames away. At last, after half an hour, the wind changed direction and the fire began to recede. That we and the rhinos had escaped uninjured was a miracle. The teamwork of everybody there played a large part, and the rhinos were very much a part of that team. The relationships we’d built with them had proved crucial — had they or we panicked, all our work would have been in vain. Instead, two weeks later, they were released into the wild, ready to found part of a new population in the Serengeti. 4. What kind of animals does the author think rhinos are? A. Unfriendly. B. Cruel. C. Mild. D. Curious. 5. Why were bomas set up? A. To assist rhinos to settle in. B. To boost tourism in the reserve. C. To avoid rhinos’ aggressive behavior. D. To stop rhinos from fleeing. 6. Why didn’t the author let the rhinos out in the bushfire? A. They would panic and hurt each other. B. It could be difficult to locate and find them. C. They showed signs of anger and aggression. D. They might fail to adapt to new environments. 7. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Why protecting rhinos is important B. How the rhinos were released to the wild. C. What enabled the rhinos to remain calm. D. What helped the rhinos and people escape. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了黑犀牛在火灾中被救援的故事，从中体现了人与犀牛之间的信任。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第二段的“There’s a popular misconception that rhinos are aggressive and stupid, but I found them sensitive and affectionate animals. (有一种普遍的误解认为犀牛是好斗和愚蠢的，但我发现它们是敏感和深情的动物。)”可推知，作者认为犀牛是温和的动物。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Once there, the animals had to be kept captive for a few weeks to adapt to the new environment, in which time they lived in “bomas”—wooden enclosures with “bedrooms”, designed to create a calm space. (一旦到了那里，这些动物必须被圈养几个星期以适应新的环境，在此期间，它们住在“bomas”——带“卧室”的木制围栏里，旨在创造一个平静的空间。)”可知，设立bomas是为了帮助犀牛安定下来。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段的“Terrified that it would catch fire, my instinct was to release the rhinos, but they hadn’t yet been fitted with transmitters (发信器). If I let them out into a bushfire and they were injured, we’d have great difficulty tracking them down. (由于害怕它会着火，我本能地想把犀牛放生，但它们还没有装上发射机。如果我把他们放出去，让他们在丛林大火中受伤，我们就很难找到他们了。)”可知，作者不让犀牛在丛林大火中出来是因为可能很难找到它们。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Meanwhile, the rangers managed to beat the closest flames away. At last, after half an hour, the wind changed direction and the fire began to recede. That we and the rhinos had escaped uninjured was a miracle. The teamwork of everybody there played a large part, and the rhinos were very much a part of that team. The relationships we’d built with them had proved crucial—had they or we panicked, all our work would have been in vain. (与此同时，护林员设法扑灭了最近的大火。最后，半小时后，风向改变了，火势开始减弱。我们和犀牛能毫发无损地逃脱真是个奇迹。每个人的团队合作发挥了很大的作用，犀牛是这个团队的重要组成部分。事实证明，我们与他们建立的关系至关重要——如果他们或我们惊慌失措，我们所有的努力都将付诸东流。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是什么让犀牛和人类从火灾中逃脱。故选D。 C A new study has found that smiling at London bus drivers increases happiness. The finding feels obvious and unexpected at the same time. The authors of the research, which was conducted by the University of Sussex and others, hope it will lead to “more interaction and kindness on buses”. On the Number 24 bus to Hampstead Heath, Londoners are sceptical. “Bus drivers,” says Liz Hands, a passenger, “are generally annoying.” It might seem improbable that a report on London’s buses could change behaviour. But it has happened before. London’s buses have an underappreciated role in the history of medical science. In the 1940s, a single study of London’s transport workers transformed epidemiology (流行病学), medicine and the way we live now. Every time you go on a run, check your step-count, or take the stairs instead of the lift, you are following a path pioneered by the feet of the workers on London’s buses. In the late 1940s, doctors were worried. Britain, like many rich countries, was suffering from an “epidemic” of heart disease and no one knew why Various hypotheses (假设), such as stress, were suggested; but one thing that was not exercising researchers was exercise. The idea that health and exercise were linked “wasn’t the accepted fact that we know today”, says Nick Wareham, a professor of epidemiology at Cambridge University. Some even felt that “too much physical activity was a bad thing for your health”. Miners and farmers who did physical exercise also suffered from various diseases and died young. At this time a young doctor called Jerry Morris started to suspect that the increasing deaths from heart disease might be linked to occupation. He began studying the medical records of 31,000 London transport workers. His findings were breathtaking: conductors, who spent their time running up and down stairs, had an approximately 30% lower possibility of disease than drivers, who sat down all day. Exercise was keeping people alive. Morris’s research was eventually published in 1953, just three years after a study by Richard Doll proving the link between smoking and lung cancer. Morris’s work had consequences both big and small. Morris now also took up exercise, handing his jacket to his daughter and just running. “People thought I was bananas.” Slowly, the rest of the world took off its jacket and followed. 8. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. The former study made much difference. B. Running was regarded as harmful behavior. C. Smiling at drivers can cure passengers’ diseases. D. London passengers can understand bus drivers well. 9. What does the underlined part “exercising researchers” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Encouraging researchers to work out. B. Helping with researchers’ inquiry. C. Holding back researchers’ progress. D. Drawing researchers’ attention. 10. How did Morris conduct his study on the transport employees? A. By carrying out survey. B. By observing their routines. C. By doing medical examinations. D. By analyzing the medical data. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Smiling and Its Effects on London Bus Drivers. B. The Evolution of London’s Transportation System. C. How London Bus Drivers Led the world to exercise. D. What Londoners Think about Studies on Bus Drivers. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了伦敦公交车司机是如何改变世界，并导致运动的发明。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“London’s buses have an underappreciated role in the history of medical science. In the 1940s, a single study of London’s transport workers transformed epidemiology (流行病学), medicine and the way we live now. (20世纪40年代，一项针对伦敦运输工人的研究改变了流行病学、医学和我们现在的生活方式)”可知，20世纪40年代的那项研究影响很大，故选A项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“The idea that health and exercise were linked “wasn’t the accepted fact that we know today”, says Nick Wareham, a professor of epidemiology at Cambridge University. Some even felt that “too much physical activity was a bad thing for your health”. Miners and farmers who did physical exercise also suffered from various diseases and died young. (剑桥大学流行病学教授Nick Wareham表示，健康和运动有关的观点“在当时并不是我们今天所知道的公认事实”。一些人甚至认为“过多的体育活动对你的健康有害”。从事体育锻炼的矿工和农民也会患上各种疾病，英年早逝)”可知，当时认为锻炼会对健康有害，即锻炼没有引起研究人员的注意。故划线词意思是“引起研究人员的注意”。A. Encouraging researchers to work out鼓励研究人员锻炼身体；B. Helping with researchers’ inquiry协助研究人员进行调查；C. Holding back researchers’ progress阻碍研究人员的进步；D. Drawing researchers’ attention引起研究人员的注意。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“At this time a young doctor called Jerry Morris started to suspect that the increasing deaths from heart disease might be linked to occupation. He began studying the medical records of 31,000 London transport workers. ( 这时，一位名叫杰里·莫里斯的年轻医生开始怀疑，心脏病导致的超额死亡人数可能与职业有关。他开始研究31000名伦敦运输工人的医疗记录。)”可知，杰里·莫里斯医生通过分析运输工人的医疗记录展开研究，故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段“It might seem improbable that a report on London’s buses could change behaviour. But it has happened before. London’s buses have an underappreciated role in the history of medical science. In the 1940s, a single study of London’s transport workers transformed epidemiology (流行病学), medicine and the way we live now. Every time you go on a run, check your step-count, or take the stairs instead of the lift, you are following a path pioneered by the feet of the workers on London’s buses. (一份关于伦敦公交车的报告似乎不太可能改变人们的行为。但这种情况以前也发生过。伦敦的公共汽车在医学科学史上的作用被低估了。20世纪40年代，一项针对伦敦交通工人的研究改变了流行病学、医学和我们现在的生活方式。每当你跑步、检查步数、或走楼梯而不是乘电梯时，你都是在追随伦敦公共汽车上工人们的脚步)”可知，文章主要说明了伦敦公共汽车上的工人曾经改变了人们如今的生活方式，曾经人们认为锻炼有害身体，结果对工人的研究发现锻炼使人保持活力。可知，C选项“How London Bus Drivers Led the world to exercise. (伦敦巴士司机如何引领世界运动)”最符合题意。故选C。 D Like many people over the past few years, I have found myself turning to audiobooks as my main means of reading literature. After a day of squinting (眯眼看) at my laptop, I find it far more comfortable to“ read with my ears” while my eyes are resting. My consumption of news has doubled as a result-but a recent-paper makes me wonder if this will come at the price of my comprehension. The study comes from Boaz Keysar and Janet Geipel, both at the University of Chicago, and it draws from the “dual process model” of mental processing. According to this view, we have two ways of assessing information. System 1 is intuitive (直觉的), relying on natural ability and feeling. It is quick, but likely exposed to misinformation. System 2 is analytical involving the use of logic reasoning. It is mentally demanding. When it is engaged, we think our way through the material step by step. For decades, psychologists have designed various tests to determine which of these two systems a person is using. As one example, consider the following question: How many animals of each kind did Moses take on the Ark (方舟)? If you answered two, you were probably only considering the core of the question, which is System 1 thinking. To get to the right answer—zero, you need to think more carefully about the wording, which would allow you to remember it was Noah who built the Ark, not Moses. That is the kind of analytical process. Keysar and Geipel’s brilliant idea was to investigate whether the sensory form — seeing vs. hearing — of the information would make a difference. They found that it did: when answering these kinds of simple questions, participants were more likely to make errors when the sentences were spoken out loud, rather than written. A greater reliance on our feelings could be a problem if we are consuming information that needs logical study. For this reason, I will return to reading non-fiction with my eyes rather than my ears. But I won’t stop listening to novels. I am quite happy to go, with the flow of my emotions while my critical mind takes a break. 12. What does the author think of listening to audiobooks? A. It slows his reading progress. B. It is the only means of reading books for him. C. It consumes much time when listening to a book. D. It gives his eyes a break before screens. 13. Which of the following best describes System 2 model? A. Fairly reliable. B. Fully automatic. C. Question-centered. D. Emotion-involved. 14. Why is the Ark mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To present a fact. B. To illustrate a view. C. To introduce a topic. D. To draw a conclusion. 15. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Listening to books comes at a price. B. Reading non-fiction books benefits. C. Critical thinking is a must in reading. D. Ways of processing information differ. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要围绕作者使用有声书作为阅读方式的经历和体验展开，并引入了一项关于信息处理方式的研究，以此为基础探讨了有声书对阅读理解可能产生的影响。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“After a day of squinting (眯眼看) at my laptop, I find it far more comfortable to“ read with my ears” while my eyes are resting.(在眯着眼睛盯着笔记本电脑一天之后，我发现在眼睛休息的时候“用耳朵阅读”要舒服得多。)”可知，作者认为听有声读物会让他的眼睛在屏幕前休息一下。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“System 2 is analytical involving the use of logic reasoning. It is mentally demanding. When it is engaged, we think our way through the material step by step.(系统2是分析性的，涉及逻辑推理的使用。这是精神上的要求。当它参与时，我们一步一步地思考材料。)”可知，System 2涉及使用逻辑推理进行信息处理，它要求精神上的努力，通过一步一步地思考材料来得出结论。因此，System 2的结果相对可靠。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As one example, consider the following question: How many animals of each kind did Moses take on the Ark (方舟)? If you answered two, you were probably only considering the core of the question, which is System 1 thinking. To get to the right answer—zero, you need to think more carefully about the wording, which would allow you to remember it was Noah who built the Ark, not Moses. That is the kind of analytical process.(举个例子，考虑下面的问题：摩西带了多少种动物上了方舟？如果你回答了两个，你可能只考虑了问题的核心，即系统1思维。为了得到正确的答案——零，你需要更仔细地思考措辞，这将使你记住是诺亚建造了方舟，而不是摩西。这是一种分析过程。)”可知，作者提到方舟是为了举例说明一个观点，即System 1和System 2在处理信息时的不同方式。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“After a day of squinting (眯眼看) at my laptop, I find it far more comfortable to“ read with my ears” while my eyes are resting. My consumption of news has doubled as a result-but a recent-paper makes me wonder if this will come at the price of my comprehension.(在眯着眼睛盯着笔记本电脑一天之后，我发现在眼睛休息的时候“用耳朵阅读”要舒服得多。因此，我对新闻的消费翻了一番——但最近的一篇论文让我怀疑，这是否会以我的理解力为代价。)”可知，作者通过分享自己使用有声书作为阅读方式的经历，以及引入关于信息处理方式的研究，因此作者意在表明听书可能会带来理解上的代价。故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Friends are incredibly important people in our lives. Some are with us for decades. ____16____ Here are some tips to remember if you’re processing the loss of a friend. Sometimes things just don’t work out. ____17____ In fact, people, on average, lose about half of their friends every seven years. One of the most common reasons those relationships end is that they just fell through the cracks. Things didn’t work out. Nobody really wanted the friendship to end, but people got busy and didn’t intentionally maintain the friendship. Make the unsaid said. Sometimes, in friendship, people don’t make the unsaid said. ____18____ And because they’re never directly addressed, people get to a point where they want to end the friendship before actually addressing the problem. Actually, if they had intervened sooner, they might have been able to save the friendship. It’s normal to feel grief. When a friendship ends, there is a grieving process. Allow yourself to feel those emotions and be patient. Instead of pushing yourself to cheer up, try thinking like this, “Of course I’m upset. This is a natural part of intimacy (亲密关系) and loss. I lost someone I’m very close to. ____19____ ____20____ It’s important not to blame yourself and be mean to yourself for not getting over the loss of a friendship. Just because this happened like this doesn’t mean more friendships will happen like this. Allow yourself to have a fresh perspective when you enter new friendships. You don’t want to go into a new connection fearfully. A. That means I love them deeply. B. Be kind to yourself along the way. C. Find ways to enter a new friendship. D. Small things can kind of accumulate. E. Losing friends is a regular part of life. F. But not all of them can stand the test of time. G. When a close friendship ends, the reasons are complicated. 【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们走出失去朋友的痛苦。 【16题详解】 根据空前“Some are with us for decades. (有些已经存在了几十年。)”可知，空前讲述是有的朋友已经在我们身边多年。选项F“But not all of them can stand the test of time.(但并不是所有的都能经受住时间的考验。)”延续上文内容，指的是有的朋友会陪伴我们很久，有些朋友却不能经受时间的考验。故选F。 【17题详解】 根据空后内容“In fact, people, on average, lose about half of their friends every seven years.(事实上，人们平均每七年就会失去一半的朋友。)”可知，人们每七年就会失去一半的朋友。选项E“Losing friends is a regular part of life.(失去朋友是生活中很正常的一部分。)”与下文内容保持一致，指的是失去朋友很正常，人们每七年就会失去一半的朋友。故选E。 【18题详解】 根据空后内容“And because they’re never directly addressed, people get to a point where they want to end the friendship before actually addressing the problem.(因为这些问题从来没有被直接解决过，所以人们会在真正解决问题之前就想结束友谊。)”可知，下文讲述的是因为这些问题没有解决，所以人们想要结束友谊。选项D“Small things can kind of accumulate.(小事情会累积起来。)”中的“small things”正是下文提到的“they”，内容上也与下文保持一致。指的是小事慢慢堆积成为问题，问题不被解决使人们想要结束友谊。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据空前内容“I lost someone I’m very close to.(我失去了一个很亲近的人。)”可知，失去朋友就是失去了一个很亲近的人。选项A“That means I love them deeply.(那意味着我深深地爱着他们。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的所谓的亲近的人也是我们所深爱的人，失去他们，我们自然感到悲伤。故选A。 【20题详解】 空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“It’s important not to blame yourself and be mean to yourself for not getting over the loss of a friendship. Just because this happened like this doesn’t mean more friendships will happen like this. Allow yourself to have a fresh perspective when you enter new friendships. You don’t want to go into a new connection fearfully.(重要的是不要因为没有从失去友谊中走出来而责怪自己，也不要对自己刻薄。仅仅因为这样的事情发生了并不意味着会有更多这样的友谊发生。当你开始一段新的友谊时，让自己有一个新的视角。你不想害怕地进入一段新的关系。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是不要苛责自己。选项B“Be kind to yourself along the way.(一路走来，要善待自己。)”与本段内容相符，指的是善待自己。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) I found a brown bag outside after our move. “Grass Seed,” it said in big letters. My husband and I ____21____ the seeds all over the dirty yard in front of our new house. “I have no idea if they will ____22____,” I told him, “but it’s worth a shot.” Just like our ____23____ to move to the rural Arizona. Near our new house sat a charming cottage, which was ____24____ to tourists. I got a job offer to ____25____ the cottage. I’d worked in hotels for years, so when offered the chance, I ____26____ it. Still, it was a big change. I ____27____ that it would be a right move. While we waited for our grass to grow — or not — we ____28____ settled into our new house through our efforts. We made it a cozy home, despite the ____29____ in the front yard, which was still bare now. Meanwhile, many of the cottage guests became _____30_____, and I got to know them well. I felt _____31_____ to make their stays memorable. Perhaps I was better at that than _____32_____. But after a monsoon (季风) swept through, I woke up to a beautiful morning and looked out the window. There was no grass growing in the sunlight. _____33_____, our yard was covered in a rainbow of zinnias (百日菊)! The front yard turned out even better than I could have _____34_____, just like our new life. And it remains a powerful _____35_____ of the beauty that awaits us in our new chapter. 21. A. spread B. sought C. collected D. removed 22. A. remain B. last C. root D. dry 23. A. need B. decision C. intention D. agreement 24. A. given B. introduced C. sold D. rented 25. A. explore B. tend C. advertise D. decorate 26. A. put forward B. tried out C. jumped at D. turned down 27. A. prayed B. decided C. pretended D. understood 28. A. naturally B. gradually C. hardly D. temporarily 29. A. danger B. potential C. uncertainty D. untidiness 30. A. locals B. employers C. gardeners D. regulars 31. A. curious B. grateful C. stressed D. proud 32. A. house renting B. yard cleaning C. grass growing D. house keeping 33. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Besides D. Therefore 34. A. remembered B. imagined C. designed D. appreciated 35. A. reminder B. memory C. test D. choice 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者和丈夫在搬到亚利桑那州乡村的新家后，尝试在前院种植草籽以改善院子环境，然而，他们的努力并未直接得到预期的结果——院子里并没有长出草来。相反，一阵季风过后，院子里意外地长出了彩虹般的百日菊，使院子变得比他们想象的还要美丽。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫把种子撒满了新房前肮脏的院子。A. spread撒，散播；B. sought寻找；C. collected收集；D. removed去除。根据下文“the seeds all over the dirty yard”及“ our yard was covered in a rainbow of zinnias (百日菊)!”可知，作者和丈夫把种子撒在院子里。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我不知道它们是否会扎根，”我告诉他，“但值得一试”。A. remain保持；B. last持续；C. root生根；D. dry(使)变干。根据上文“My husband and I ____1____ the seeds all over the dirty yard”可知，作者和丈夫在院子里撒下了种子，作者不知道那些种子是否会生根。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像我们决定搬到亚利桑那州的乡村一样。A. need需要；B. decision决定；C. intention目的，意图；D. agreement同意。根据下文“to move to the rural Arizona”可知，作者决定搬到亚利桑那州的乡村。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的新房子附近有一个出租给游客的迷人小屋。A. given给；B. introduced介绍；C. sold卖；D. rented出租。根据上文“a charming cottage”和下文“to tourists”可知，那个小屋是租给游客。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我得到了一份照看小屋的工作。A. explore探索；B. tend照看；C. advertise打广告；D. decorate装饰。根据下文“We made it a cozy home”可知，作者得到的工作是照看那个小屋。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我在酒店工作多年，所以当有机会时，我就欣然接受了。A. put forward提出；B. tried out试验；C. jumped at欣然接受；D. turned down拒绝。根据上文“I’d worked in hotels for years, so when offered the chance,”可知，我在酒店工作多年，所以当有机会时就会欣然接受。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我祈祷这将是一个正确的举动。A. prayed祈祷；B. decided决定；C. pretended假装；D. understood明白。根据上文“Still, it was a big change.”及下文“it would be a right move”可知，这是个很大的变化，所以作者祈祷这将是一个正确的举动。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在等待草长出来或长不出来的时候，我们通过努力逐渐适应了我们的新房子。A. naturally自然地，天然地；B. gradually逐渐；C. hardly几乎不；D. temporarily暂时地。根据下文“settled into our new house through our efforts”可知，作者他们是逐渐适应新房子。故选B项。 29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们把它变成了一个舒适的家，尽管前院的情况不确定，现在还是空荡荡的。A. danger危险；B. potential潜力；C. uncertainty不确定性；D. untidiness不整洁。根据上文“I have no idea if they will ____2____”和“we waited for our grass to grow—or not”可知，作者他们也不知道院子里的种子会不会发芽，这是一种不确定性。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，小屋里的许多客人成了常客，我也和他们很熟了。A. locals本地人；B. employers雇主；C. gardeners园丁；D. regulars常客。根据下文“I got to know them well”可知，作者和那些客人很熟了，说明那些客人经常来，是常客。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很自豪能让他们留下难忘的回忆。A. curious好奇的；B. grateful感激的；C. stressed焦虑的，紧张的；D. proud自豪的。根据下文“make their stays memorable”可知，作者让客人们留下了难忘的回忆，这让作者自豪。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：也许我更擅长这个，而不是种草。A. house renting租房子；B. yard cleaning清洁院子；C. grass growing种草；D. house keeping持家。根据上文“While we waited for our grass to grow—or not”可知，作者觉得自己照看小屋比种草做得好。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我们的院子里覆盖着彩虹般的百日菊！A. Instead相反；B. Otherwise否则；C. Besides另外；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“There was no grass growing in the sunlight”及下文“our yard was covered in a rainbow of zinnias”可知，前后是相反的内容，空格处表示“相反”。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：前院变得比我料想的还要好，就像我们的新生活一样。A. remembered记得；B. imagined想象、料想；C. designed设计；D. appreciated欣赏。根据上文“we waited for our grass to grow”和“our yard was covered in a rainbow of zinnias (百日菊)! The front yard turned out even better than I could have”可知，作者刚开始都不确定种下的种子是否会发芽，但是现在院子里满是百日菊，所以前院比作者料想的要好。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它仍然有力地提醒我们，在新的篇章中，等待我们的是美好。A. reminder提醒物；B. memory记忆；C. test测试；D. choice选择。根据下文“the beauty that awaits us in our new chapter”可知，院子变得比料想的要好，这一点提醒我们，在新的篇章中，等待我们的是美好，空格处意为“提醒物”。故选A项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s Chang’e 6 lunar probe (探测器) has officially returned the first samples ____36____ (collect) from the far side of the Moon to scientists here on Earth, a major achievement ____37____ (highlight) the country’s rapidly advancing space ambitions. The probe ____38____ (touch) down in Inner Mongolia on Tuesday, delivering the incredibly rare package, ____39____ is expected to include 2.5-million-year-old volcanic rock. The mission launched in early May and landed ____40____ (rough) a month later. Within just over 48 hours, the probe scooped up some samples using a drill ____41____ launched back into space to embark on its weeks long return journey. It even had time ____42____ (drop) off several scientific payloads on the lunar service, including an instrument that immediately detected the presence of negative ions. China became the first to touch down on the far side of the Moon in April 2019 and ____43____ (remain) the only country so far to have ever finished the mission— let alone twice. The Moon’s far side, which permanently faces away from Earth, remains far less explored than its much better-understood near side. Its difficult terrain, which includes tall craters and massive boulders, makes ____44____ an extremely challenging place to explore. Scientists are hoping to confirm the ____45____ (available) of resources there, including water ice, which future explorers could use as a source of water, oxygen, and hydrogen. 【答案】36. collected 37. highlighting 38. touched 39. which 40. roughly 41. and 42. to drop 43. has remained 44. it 45. availability 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国嫦娥六号探测器从月球背面带回样本的重大成就。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：嫦娥六号探测器正式将从月球背面采集的首批样本带回地球上的科学家手中，这是一个重大成就，突显了中国快速发展的太空雄心。本句谓语为has returned，此处为非谓语动词，空处作后置定语修饰samples，且samples与collect“收集，采集”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填collected。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：嫦娥六号探测器正式将从月球背面采集的首批样本带回地球上的科学家手中，这是一个重大成就，突显了中国快速发展的太空雄心。本句谓语为has returned，此处为非谓语动词，空处作后置定语修饰achievement，且achievement与highlight“突出，强调”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填highlighting。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：周二，探测器在内蒙古着陆，带来了令人难以置信的罕见包裹，其中预计包括250万年前的火山岩。根据时间状语on Tuesday可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用touch“触摸，接触”的过去式。故填touched。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：周二，探测器在内蒙古着陆，带来了令人难以置信的罕见包裹，其中预计包括250万年前的火山岩。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是package，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：任务于五月初发射，并在大约一个月后着陆。空处修饰动词landed，应用副词形式roughly“大致，大约”，作状语。故填roughly。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：在短短48小时内，探测器使用钻头采集了一些样本，并发射回太空，开始了为期数周的返回之旅。空处连接两个并列谓语动词scooped和launched，应用连词and。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它甚至有时间在月球表面放置了几个科学有效载荷，包括一个立即检测到负离子存在的仪器。drop off“中途卸下（某物）”。have time to do sth.“有时间做某事”，空处作目的状语，应用不定式形式。故填to drop。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：中国在2019年4月首次在月球背面着陆，并且到目前为止仍然是唯一完成这一任务的国家——更不用说完成了两次。根据so far可知，remain“仍然是”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语China是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has remained。 【44题详解】 考查代词。句意：其复杂的地形，包括高大的陨石坑和巨大的巨石，使其成为一个极具挑战性的探索地点。空处作makes的宾语，指代前文提到的the Moon’s far side，应用代词it。故填it。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：科学家们希望确认那里的资源是否可用，包括水冰，未来的探索者可以用它作为水、氧和氢的来源。空处作confirm的宾语，应用名词形式availability“可利用性，可利用”。故填availability。 第三节 基础知识(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 根据下列各句句意和空白后的提示词，在横线上写出对应单词的正确形式，每空一词。 46. This book deals with the social, economic and ______ (政治的) issues of the period.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】political 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这本书论述了那个时期的社会、经济和政治问题。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词issues，“政治的”的形容词是political，故填political。 47. The chance of winning is remote because the numbers are ______ (随机) selected by computer. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】randomly 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：中奖的机会很小，因为这些号码是由电脑随机选择的。空格处用副词修饰动词selected，“随机”的副词是randomly，故填randomly。 48. The press was ______ (指控) of being subservient to the government. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】accused 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：媒体被指控对政府唯命是从。表示“指控”用accuse，与The press为被动关系，本空用过去分词，与空前的was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填accused。 49. Education should be a universal right and not a ________(特权). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】privilege 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义。句意：教育应该是一项普遍的权利而不是特权。根据汉语提示“特权”以及空前“a”，可知，此处应该填写名词单数，故答案为privilege。 50. The audience warmly ______(鼓掌) when the performance came to an end. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】applauded 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：演出结束时，观众热烈鼓掌。结合句子结构和汉语提示，动词applaud符合题意，结合从句谓语came to an end用一般过去时可知，主句谓语动词applaud也用一般过去时。故填applauded。 51. We should learn to appreciate what we have instead of taking things for ______ (grant). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】granted 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们应该学会欣赏我们所拥有的，而不是把事情视为理所当然。固定短语take something for granted意为“认为某事是理所当然的”。故填granted。 52. Repairing our ______ (possess) and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】possessions 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：修理我们的物品和改变我们的消费习惯可能是减少垃圾量的最佳方法。设空处应使用名词，作Repairing的宾语，possess的名词形式是possession“个人财产，私人物品”，通常用复数形式。故填possessions。 53. In a society that tends to measure everything in terms of money, we learn form a young age to consider the costs of our decisions in ______ (finance) terms. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】financial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在一个倾向于用金钱衡量一切的社会里，我们从小就学会用金钱来考虑我们所做决定的成本。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词terms，finance的形容词是financial，意为“经济的，金融的”，故填financial。 54. After the accident, he realized the significance of health, ______ (dedicate) most of his spare time to the pursuit of fitness. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】dedicating 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：事故发生后，他意识到健康的重要性，把大部分业余时间都投入到健身的追求中。句中谓语是realized，空格处用非谓语动词，he和dedicate之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填dedicating。 55. Fatal road accidents have decreased in ______（frequent）over recent years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】frequency 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：近年来致命交通事故发生率已经下降。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词，frequency表示“发生率，出现率”作in宾语。故填frequency。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 56. 假定你是李华，你班计划与新西兰姊妹学校某班级在线共上一堂介绍“传统体育项目”的交流课。请你代表班级写到邮件给对方学生负责人Hans，内容包括：1．告知相关事宜；2．征求意见。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Hans, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Hans, I’m Li Hua. I’m so excited about our upcoming virtual lesson to introduce “Traditional Sports Events”. On behalf of my class, I’m writing to propose some ideas and confirm related details about it. The lesson will serve as a channel for students to realize traditional sports are not only the essence of a culture, but also the pride of a country. So for our part, we are considering introducing several typical sports activities, including martial arts, dragon boat race and so on. To achieve the best effect, interactive forms, such as presentations and live shows, will be adopted. As for the time and way, we’d like to have the lesson scheduled between April 3 and April 7, lasting 3 hours through an online conference application. Does our proposal work well on your side? Looking forward to your earliest reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于告知信。要求考生给班长Hans写信，告知他考生所在班级计划与新西兰姊妹学校某班级在线共上一堂介绍“传统体育项目”的交流课的活动并征求其意见。 【详解】1.词汇积累 即将到来的：upcoming→ forthcoming 代表：on behalf of→ represent 采用：adopt→ use 回复：reply→ answer 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：So for our part, we are considering introducing several typical sports activities, including martial arts, dragon boat race and so on. 拓展句：So for our part, we are considering introducing several typical sports activities, which include martial arts, dragon boat race and so on. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To achieve the best effect, interactive forms, such as presentations and live shows, will be adopted.（运用了动词不定式To achieve作目的状语以及一般将来时的被动语态） 【高分句型2】As for the time and way, we’d like to have the lesson scheduled between April 3 and April 7, lasting 3 hours through an online conference application.（运用了现在分词lasting作状语） 第二节(满分25分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Words of Kindness Last week, I was shopping in the local supermarket. My 24-year-old daughter happened to be with me as she had just arrived home for a much-needed visit because she was going to work abroad for six months. As we were walking through the aisles (走道) and picking things she needed, we heard a child’s crying that would last more than fifteen minutes. I wanted to walk over to investigate the situation, already picturing the scene in my mind. No doubt, the cries of the young boy could be heard clearly across the store. My daughter came up to me and said, “Mom! Is that what I sounded like when I was little?” “Yes, Rach, you sounded just like that,” I replied. We tried to continue our shopping, but the loud cries made by the boy who was asking his mom for something continued for what felt like no ending. Several more minutes went by, and the boy just wouldn’t stop. I felt it necessary to follow the cries. As I approached the aisle, I could see several people watching us at the other end of the aisle, talking to each other and shaking their heads. They would walk away and then turn around with their carts (购物车) to continue their talks and figure out what was happening. I arrived at the aisle to find a twenty-something mother standing in the middle of the aisle calmly telling the boy, “No.” She was not going to get whatever the boy wanted. He was holding his mother’s arms, crying, trying to get her to move. His face turned red with tears. He remained seated on the floor and beat at his mom’s legs with his arms while crying at the top of his voice. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I walked over to the mom and touched her arm. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At that moment, I could see relief wash over her. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I walked over to the mom and touched her arm. I told her she was doing a great job and that everything would be OK one day. I then called my daughter over and introduced her to the young mother. I explained that my daughter had been just like her son when she was that age. I told her that my daughter often drove me crazy when she was young. “I know exactly what you are dealing with right now, and I know how you feel,” I said. “It does get better. Believe me, it really does.” At that moment, I could see relief wash over her. Her son stopped crying for a minute and looked at us with a confused expression. His momentary silence gave us a chance to share a few words. I told her that she was an amazing mom, and her son would thank her for being his mom someday. She smiled and thanked me for the kind words. Parents who have a child with special needs just need a kind word to know that everything will be OK. Sometimes, that’s all it takes. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。作者和24岁的女儿去购物，听见有个小男孩在超市哭闹。作者和女儿过去看，发现小男孩的母亲坚持不给孩子买他想要的东西，不管他怎样哭闹。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“我走到妈妈身边，摸了摸她的胳膊。”可知，第一段可以描写作者帮助这位母亲的动作和语言。 ②由第二段句首内容“在那一刻，我看到她如释重负。”可知，第二段可以描写作者帮助这位母亲后，这位母亲的表情和语言。 2.续写线索：看到哭闹—走过去—安慰—看到如释重负—继续劝解—被感谢 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①解释：explain/ interpret ②把某人逼疯：drive sb. crazy/drive sb. mad ③感谢某人：thank sb./ show gratitude to sb. 情绪类 ①困惑的：confused/ puzzled ②令人惊喜的：amazing/ surprising 【点睛】【高分句型1】“I know exactly what you are dealing with right now, and I know how you feel,” I said.( 运用了what引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】 I told her that she was an amazing mom, and her son would thank her for being his mom someday.( 运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型3】Parents who have a child with special needs just need a kind word to know that everything will be OK. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句和that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023—2024—2高二年级期末考试 英语试题 时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15. 答案是C。 1．Which colour of a carpet does the man like best? A．Blue. B．Red. C．Grey. 2．Why does the woman probably like the new style of writing? A．She is better at this style. B．She likes trying new styles. C．She finds the normal style hard. 3．What did the woman ns e to forget to do? A．Write down the calories. B．Count the calories. C．Read the calories. 4．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Nurse and patient. C．Co-workers. 5．What are the speakers talking about? A．What to study at college. B．How to select courses online. C．Where to learn foreign languages. 第二节(共15小题;每小题.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What did the woman order at last? A．A beef sandwich. B．A hot dog. C．Chicken breast. 7．Where is the woman? A．In her car B．At the cashier’s desk. C．In her office. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What kind of housework does the man usually do? A．Take out the garbage. B．Water the plants. C．Clear the dining table. 9．Why is the man unwilling to load and unload the dishwasher? A．He has no free time. B．He is not careful enough. C．Ne has no one to share the work. 10．How does the man react to the new tasks initially? A．Agreeably. B．Happily. C．Unwillingly. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What are the sneakers doing? A．Judging an artist. B．Hanging a picture. C．Visiting a museum. 12．How did the man know the name of the painting? A．By searching on the Internet. B．By reading the label below it. C．By checking the brochure in advance. 13．How does the man feat about museums now? A．Instructive. B．Boring. C．Fancy. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．Why did the man unit his job? A．He felt stressed. B．He felt bored. C．He felt tired out. 15．How long should the bank manager work on workdays? A．For nine hours. B．For nine and a half hours. C．For eight and a half hours. 16．What does the man care about most when looking for a job? A．The benefits. B．The salary. C．The working hours. 17．What would the man do first? A．Contact the bank. B．Apply for the job. C．Send an application letter. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．How long do Chinstrap penguins sleep at a time? A．For about for seconds. B．For around eleven hours. C．For a week. 19．What makes Niels need surprised? A．Penguins have no ability to fly. B．Chinstrap penguins make it with micro-sleeps. C．Female penguins go off fishing for family meals. 20．What does the speaker mainly talk about? A．Varieties of penguins. B．Research into sleep. C．Chinstrap penguins’ lifestyle. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A While Alice has her adventures in the Wonderland, you can have your own as well this summer. British contemporary artist Philip Colbert has created a Lobster (龙虾) Wonderland in Changsha, Hunan Province. Date: July 15 Location: Changsha International Finance Square (Changsha IFS) About Philip Colbert His globally welcomed lobster series has won the hearts of a large number of followers. The artist, with a master’s in philosophy, takes lobster as his second personality. Through large installations, public art theme exhibition and new media art, the artist has introduced works from galleries and created a surreal art scenery in city’s public space with a combination of pop art and local culture. Features In Changsha IFS, Colbert’s exhibition, which is the London-based artist’s first large-scale outdoor public art installations, has three major sectors, showcasing his large installations, sculptures and new media arts as well as the special works created for the event. The opening ceremony, an art carnival, saw the debut (首次登台) of a 12-meter-long Lobster Taikonaut specially made by Colbert. His Lobster Flower and Lobster Shark also found their way in the parade. At the southwest square, people can find Lobster Fountain towering 12 meters and enjoy two major theme sectors, Lobster Island and Lobster Skate Park. Lobster Rainbow, a lobster breaking through a roof with a rainbow behind it, is the artist’s brand-new work for Changsha IFS. In his works, such as Daydreamer, Colbert also expresses his wish of narrowing the distance between art pieces and people. 1. What is Philip Colbert well known for? A. Alice Wonderland. B. Shark experience. C. Lobster series. D. Rainbow story. 2. What can we learn about the exhibition according to the text? A. It took place in the open air. B. There was no special works for the event. C. People can enjoy lobster fountain and lake. D. Lobster Island is the artist’s brand-new work for Changsha IFS. 3. Where can the text probably be found? A. A shopping brochure. B. An art magazine. C. A science report. D. A fashion advertisement. B I fell in love with rhinos when I worked in a zoo in the 80s, and spent much of the next 20 years as the keeper of the largest captive (圈养的) group of rare black rhinos There’s a popular misconception that rhinos are aggressive and stupid, but I found them sensitive and affectionate animals. Weighing over a ton, black rhinos are unexpectedly agile (敏捷的) and have an unpredictable nature — but, given reassurance, they tend to believe people. In the past few decades, their numbers have dropped dramatically. In recent years, I’ve helped look after rhinos being moved to the reserve so they can form new populations in countries that have few left. Last year, I helped on a project to fly five black rhinos from a private reserve in South Africa to the Serengeti National Park. Once there, the animals had to be kept captive for a few weeks to adapt to the new environment, in which time they lived in “bomas” — wooden enclosures with “bedrooms”, designed to create a calm space. A couple of weeks before their planned release, the sky was filled with smoke. Watching the flames rushing through the bush toward the bomas, I froze. Terrified that it would catch fire, my instinct was to release the rhinos, but they hadn’t yet been fitted with transmitters (发信器). If I let them out into a bushfire and they were injured, we’d have great difficulty tracking them down. So I dashed back to the bomas and called the rhinos to the bedrooms. Sensing the tear in my voices, they moved without hesitation and remained astonishingly calm. It was crucial the rhinos didn’t panic — they can easily hurt each other if they do. Meanwhile, the rangers managed to beat the closest flames away. At last, after half an hour, the wind changed direction and the fire began to recede. That we and the rhinos had escaped uninjured was a miracle. The teamwork of everybody there played a large part, and the rhinos were very much a part of that team. The relationships we’d built with them had proved crucial — had they or we panicked, all our work would have been in vain. Instead, two weeks later, they were released into the wild, ready to found part of a new population in the Serengeti. 4. What kind of animals does the author think rhinos are? A. Unfriendly. B. Cruel. C. Mild. D. Curious. 5. Why were bomas set up? A. To assist rhinos to settle in. B. To boost tourism in the reserve. C. To avoid rhinos’ aggressive behavior. D. To stop rhinos from fleeing. 6. Why didn’t the author let the rhinos out in the bushfire? A. They would panic and hurt each other. B. It could be difficult to locate and find them. C. They showed signs of anger and aggression. D. They might fail to adapt to new environments. 7. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Why protecting rhinos is important B. How the rhinos were released to the wild. C. What enabled the rhinos to remain calm. D. What helped the rhinos and people escape. C A new study has found that smiling at London bus drivers increases happiness. The finding feels obvious and unexpected at the same time. The authors of the research, which was conducted by the University of Sussex and others, hope it will lead to “more interaction and kindness on buses”. On the Number 24 bus to Hampstead Heath, Londoners are sceptical. “Bus drivers,” says Liz Hands, a passenger, “are generally annoying.” It might seem improbable that a report on London’s buses could change behaviour. But it has happened before. London’s buses have an underappreciated role in the history of medical science. In the 1940s, a single study of London’s transport workers transformed epidemiology (流行病学), medicine and the way we live now. Every time you go on a run, check your step-count, or take the stairs instead of the lift, you are following a path pioneered by the feet of the workers on London’s buses. In the late 1940s, doctors were worried. Britain, like many rich countries, was suffering from an “epidemic” of heart disease and no one knew why Various hypotheses (假设), such as stress, were suggested; but one thing that was not exercising researchers was exercise. The idea that health and exercise were linked “wasn’t the accepted fact that we know today”, says Nick Wareham, a professor of epidemiology at Cambridge University. Some even felt that “too much physical activity was a bad thing for your health”. Miners and farmers who did physical exercise also suffered from various diseases and died young. At this time a young doctor called Jerry Morris started to suspect that the increasing deaths from heart disease might be linked to occupation. He began studying the medical records of 31,000 London transport workers. His findings were breathtaking: conductors, who spent their time running up and down stairs, had an approximately 30% lower possibility of disease than drivers, who sat down all day. Exercise was keeping people alive. Morris’s research was eventually published in 1953, just three years after a study by Richard Doll proving the link between smoking and lung cancer. Morris’s work had consequences both big and small. Morris now also took up exercise, handing his jacket to his daughter and just running. “People thought I was bananas.” Slowly, the rest of the world took off its jacket and followed. 8. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. The former study made much difference. B. Running was regarded as harmful behavior. C. Smiling at drivers can cure passengers’ diseases. D. London passengers can understand bus drivers well. 9. What does the underlined part “exercising researchers” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Encouraging researchers to work out. B. Helping with researchers’ inquiry. C. Holding back researchers’ progress. D. Drawing researchers’ attention. 10. How did Morris conduct his study on the transport employees? A. By carrying out survey. B. By observing their routines. C. By doing medical examinations. D. By analyzing the medical data. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Smiling and Its Effects on London Bus Drivers. B. The Evolution of London’s Transportation System. C. How London Bus Drivers Led the world to exercise. D. What Londoners Think about Studies on Bus Drivers. D Like many people over the past few years, I have found myself turning to audiobooks as my main means of reading literature. After a day of squinting (眯眼看) at my laptop, I find it far more comfortable to“ read with my ears” while my eyes are resting. My consumption of news has doubled as a result-but a recent-paper makes me wonder if this will come at the price of my comprehension. The study comes from Boaz Keysar and Janet Geipel, both at the University of Chicago, and it draws from the “dual process model” of mental processing. According to this view, we have two ways of assessing information. System 1 is intuitive (直觉的), relying on natural ability and feeling. It is quick, but likely exposed to misinformation. System 2 is analytical involving the use of logic reasoning. It is mentally demanding. When it is engaged, we think our way through the material step by step. For decades, psychologists have designed various tests to determine which of these two systems a person is using. As one example, consider the following question: How many animals of each kind did Moses take on the Ark (方舟)? If you answered two, you were probably only considering the core of the question, which is System 1 thinking. To get to the right answer—zero, you need to think more carefully about the wording, which would allow you to remember it was Noah who built the Ark, not Moses. That is the kind of analytical process. Keysar and Geipel’s brilliant idea was to investigate whether the sensory form — seeing vs. hearing — of the information would make a difference. They found that it did: when answering these kinds of simple questions, participants were more likely to make errors when the sentences were spoken out loud, rather than written. A greater reliance on our feelings could be a problem if we are consuming information that needs logical study. For this reason, I will return to reading non-fiction with my eyes rather than my ears. But I won’t stop listening to novels. I am quite happy to go, with the flow of my emotions while my critical mind takes a break. 12. What does the author think of listening to audiobooks? A. It slows his reading progress. B. It is the only means of reading books for him. C. It consumes much time when listening to a book. D. It gives his eyes a break before screens. 13. Which of the following best describes System 2 model? A. Fairly reliable. B. Fully automatic. C. Question-centered. D. Emotion-involved. 14. Why is the Ark mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To present a fact. B. To illustrate a view. C. To introduce a topic. D. To draw a conclusion. 15. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Listening to books comes at a price. B. Reading non-fiction books benefits. C. Critical thinking is a must in reading. D. Ways of processing information differ. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Friends are incredibly important people in our lives Some are with us for decades. ____16____ Here are some tips to remember if you’re processing the loss of a friend. Sometimes things just don’t work out ____17____ In fact, people, on average, lose about half of their friends every seven years. One of the most common reasons those relationships end is that they just fell through the cracks. Things didn’t work out. Nobody really wanted the friendship to end, but people got busy and didn’t intentionally maintain the friendship. Make the unsaid said. Sometimes, in friendship, people don’t make the unsaid said. ____18____ And because they’re never directly addressed, people get to a point where they want to end the friendship before actually addressing the problem. Actually, if they had intervened sooner, they might have been able to save the friendship. It’s normal to feel grief. When a friendship ends, there is a grieving process. Allow yourself to feel those emotions and be patient. Instead of pushing yourself to cheer up, try thinking like this, “Of course I’m upset. This is a natural part of intimacy (亲密关系) and loss. I lost someone I’m very close to. ____19____ ____20____ It’s important not to blame yourself and be mean to yourself for not getting over the loss of a friendship. Just because this happened like this doesn’t mean more friendships will happen like this. Allow yourself to have a fresh perspective when you enter new friendships. You don’t want to go into a new connection fearfully. A. That means I love them deeply. B. Be kind to yourself along the way. C. Find ways to enter a new friendship. D. Small things can kind of accumulate. E. Losing friends is a regular part of life. F. But not all of them can stand the test of time. G. When a close friendship ends, the reasons are complicated. 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) I found a brown bag outside after our move. “Grass Seed,” it said in big letters. My husband and I ____21____ the seeds all over the dirty yard in front of our new house. “I have no idea if they will ____22____,” I told him, “but it’s worth a shot.” Just like our ____23____ to move to the rural Arizona. Near our new house sat a charming cottage which was ____24____ to tourists. I got a job offer to ____25____ the cottage. I’d worked in hotels for years, so when offered the chance, I ____26____ it. Still, it was a big change. I ____27____ that it would be a right move. While we waited for our grass to grow — or not — we ____28____ settled into our new house through our efforts. We made it a cozy home, despite the ____29____ in the front yard, which was still bare now. Meanwhile, many of the cottage guests became _____30_____, and I got to know them well. I felt _____31_____ to make their stays memorable. Perhaps I was better at that than _____32_____. But after a monsoon (季风) swept through, I woke up to a beautiful morning and looked out the window. There was no grass growing in the sunlight. _____33_____, our yard was covered in a rainbow of zinnias (百日菊)! The front yard turned out even better than I could have _____34_____, just like our new life. And it remains a powerful _____35_____ of the beauty that awaits us in our new chapter. 21. A. spread B. sought C. collected D. removed 22. A. remain B. last C. root D. dry 23. A. need B. decision C. intention D. agreement 24. A. given B. introduced C. sold D. rented 25. A. explore B. tend C. advertise D. decorate 26 A. put forward B. tried out C. jumped at D. turned down 27. A. prayed B. decided C. pretended D. understood 28. A. naturally B. gradually C. hardly D. temporarily 29. A. danger B. potential C. uncertainty D. untidiness 30. A. locals B. employers C. gardeners D. regulars 31. A. curious B. grateful C. stressed D. proud 32. A. house renting B. yard cleaning C. grass growing D. house keeping 33. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Besides D. Therefore 34. A. remembered B. imagined C. designed D. appreciated 35. A. reminder B. memory C. test D. choice 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s Chang’e 6 lunar probe (探测器) has officially returned the first samples ____36____ (collect) from the far side of the Moon to scientists here on Earth, a major achievement ____37____ (highlight) the country’s rapidly advancing space ambitions. The probe ____38____ (touch) down in Inner Mongolia on Tuesday, delivering the incredibly rare package, ____39____ is expected to include 2.5-million-year-old volcanic rock. The mission launched in early May and landed ____40____ (rough) a month later. Within just over 48 hours, the probe scooped up some samples using a drill ____41____ launched back into space to embark on its weeks long return journey. It even had time ____42____ (drop) off several scientific payloads on the lunar service, including an instrument that immediately detected the presence of negative ions. China became the first to touch down on the far side of the Moon in April 2019 and ____43____ (remain) the only country so far to have ever finished the mission— let alone twice. The Moon’s far side, which permanently faces away from Earth, remains far less explored than its much better-understood near side. Its difficult terrain, which includes tall craters and massive boulders, makes ____44____ an extremely challenging place to explore. Scientists are hoping to confirm the ____45____ (available) of resources there, including water ice, which future explorers could use as a source of water, oxygen, and hydrogen. 第三节 基础知识(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 根据下列各句句意和空白后的提示词，在横线上写出对应单词的正确形式，每空一词。 46. This book deals with the social, economic and ______ (政治的) issues of the period.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. The chance of winning is remote because the numbers are ______ (随机) selected by computer. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. The press was ______ (指控) of being subservient to the government. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. Education should be a universal right and not a ________(特权). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50 The audience warmly ______(鼓掌) when the performance came to an end. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. We should learn to appreciate what we have instead of taking things for ______ (grant). (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. Repairing our ______ (possess) and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. In a society that tends to measure everything in terms of money, we learn form a young age to consider the costs of our decisions in ______ (finance) terms. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. After the accident, he realized the significance of health, ______ (dedicate) most of his spare time to the pursuit of fitness. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. Fatal road accidents have decreased in ______（frequent）over recent years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 56. 假定你是李华，你班计划与新西兰姊妹学校某班级在线共上一堂介绍“传统体育项目”的交流课。请你代表班级写到邮件给对方学生负责人Hans，内容包括：1．告知相关事宜；2．征求意见。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Hans, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Words of Kindness Last week, I was shopping in the local supermarket. My 24-year-old daughter happened to be with me as she had just arrived home for a much-needed visit because she was going to work abroad for six months. As we were walking through the aisles (走道) and picking things she needed, we heard a child’s crying that would last more than fifteen minutes. I wanted to walk over to investigate the situation, already picturing the scene in my mind. No doubt, the cries of the young boy could be heard clearly across the store. My daughter came up to me and said, “Mom! Is that what I sounded like when I was little?” “Yes, Rach, you sounded just like that,” I replied. We tried to continue our shopping, but the loud cries made by the boy who was asking his mom for something continued for what felt like no ending. Several more minutes went by, and the boy just wouldn’t stop. I felt it necessary to follow the cries. As I approached the aisle, I could see several people watching us at the other end of the aisle, talking to each other and shaking their heads. They would walk away and then turn around with their carts (购物车) to continue their talks and figure out what was happening. I arrived at the aisle to find a twenty-something mother standing in the middle of the aisle calmly telling the boy, “No.” She was not going to get whatever the boy wanted. He was holding his mother’s arms, crying, trying to get her to move. His face turned red with tears. He remained seated on the floor and beat at his mom’s legs with his arms while crying at the top of his voice. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I walked over to the mom and touched her arm. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At that moment, I could see relief wash over her. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$