精品解析：重庆市南开中学2024-2025学年高三上学期7月月考英语试卷

重庆南开中学高2025级高三7月考试 英语试题 本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分。共150分。考试用时120分钟。 第I卷（共110分） 第一部分 听力（共两节；满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers do on Thursday? A. Play football. B. Watch a movie. C. Go hiking. 2. What does the man want to do? A. Place an order. B. Design a uniform. C. Form a team. 3. What is Sally’s favorite city? A. Paris. B. Madrid. C. Venice. 4. Where will the speakers go? A. To a cafe. B. To a dessert shop. C. To a bookstore. 5. What relation is Mr. Gomez to the man? A. His teacher. B. His client. C. His boss. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6 What is the man doing? A. Driving a car. B. Repairing a car. C. Borrowing a car. 7. How does the man sound in the end? A. Confused. B. Hesitant. C. Confident. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers discussing? A. A job candidate. B. A new workmate. C. Travel arrangements. 9. How does Steven Johnson impress the man? A. By his working experiences. B. By his communication skills. C. By his international background. 10. When will the speakers meet Steven Johnson? A. Tomorrow. B. Next week. C. The week after next. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What will the man do on Monday? A. Start a new position. B. Pack his belongings. C. Attend a meeting. 12. What is the man busy doing now? A. Moving to his new office. B. Checking off office supplies. C. Preparing for a promotion campaign. 13. What does the woman offer to do? A. Review an expense report. B. Provide the man with supplies. C. Arrange a company celebration. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where will the event take place? A. At a coffee shop. B. At a music hall. C. At a park. 15. Why did the woman choose the location? A. It’s private. B. It’s family friendly. C. It’s requested by the charity. 16. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Organize some activities. B. Contribute some money. C. Contact some bands. 17. What is the event’s purpose? A. To enjoy some live music. B. To help an animal shelter. C. To have some family fun. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why did the speaker learn Arabic? A. She wanted to study in Cairo. B. She was inspired by her teacher. C. She became interested in the culture. 19. What is the biggest challenge for the speaker? A. Suffering from culture shock. B. Finding a hotel and accommodation. C. Mastering written and spoken Arabic. 20. What excites the speaker most? A. Being invited to a meal. B. Shopping at a local market. C. Getting to know the locals. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节；满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 请阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。 A Harvard’s Pre-College Program for high school students is an intensive two-week summer program designed to give you a glimpse of college life. You will live on the Harvard campus during your two-week session while taking a college-level course with other Pre-College Program students. Who Can Participate in the Pre-College Program? Harvard’s Pre-College Program is designed for mature, academically motivated students who are interested in exploring a potential major or simply finding out what college is really like. You must meet the following criteria: Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2025 or 2026. Are at least 16 years old by June 22, 2024, and will not turn 19 years old before July 31, 2024. Important Deadlines: Early Application and Priority Financial Aid Deadline — January 10, 2024 Regular Application and Financial Aid Deadline — February 14, 2024 Late Application Deadline — April 10,2024 Courses at Harvard’s Pre-College Program With almost 30 courses to choose from in each session, you’re sure to find a topic that sparks your interest among the courses offered to Pre- College Program students At the end of the program you’ll receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a Harvard transcript (成绩单) with a grade of AR or NM (“met all requirements” or “requirements not met”). This is a great way to enhance your college application. Please note: You need to attend every class entirely to receive a passing grade of AR. Explore the 2024 course catalog or browse courses by topic below. Speech, Writing and Literature Psychology, Medicine, and Public Health Law, Politics, Philosophy, and History Business and Leadership Race, Gender, and Ethics Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Math (STEAM) Why Choose Harvard’s Pre-College Program? Harvard’s Pre-College Program combines the hard work of an Ivy League education with the fun that comes with living and studying. Whether you’ re engaging in meaningful debate in class, sharing your skills at a talent show, or exploring the Boston area, you’ll be creating memories that will last you a lifetime. 1. Which high school students are qualified for Harvard’s Pre-College Program? A. Students younger than 16 after June 22, 2024. B. Students older than 19 before July 31, 2024. C. 2025 graduates applying after April 10, 2024. D. 2026 graduates applying on February 13, 2024. 2. What does the Harvard transcript with a grade of AR indicate? A. The student has achieved the course objectives. B. The student has not met the course requirements. C. The student has been guaranteed his college application. D. The student has finished all the classes for college graduation. 3. What is the main purpose of Harvard’s Pre-College Program? A. To offer students a taste of college study and on-campus life. B. To ensure that students receive a passing grade in all their courses. C. To provide financial aid to the students who apply for the program. D. To give students a chance to explore Boston and engage in social activities. B Nestled in the heart of a mountain village in China’s Guizhou province, there is a unique ecological family farm. It is run by Kevin Cillen, a 28-year-old Belgian who is passionate about the land. With his parents and siblings, they have combined Western farming techniques with local countryside practices to cultivate an “ecological oasis”. The family’s pursuit of their farming dream in China began in 2000, when Kevin’s mother Hetty Cillen visited China as a volunteer for the first time. The enchanting landscapes and rich cultural heritage of Guizhou fascinated her, causing her to make this foreign country her home. Soon after, his father Patrick Jan Cillen joined her. In 2017, the family rented a plot amid the forest to establish an ecological farm where they laid the foundation, leveling the land, sowing pastures and rearing lambs and chicks. The locals have openly embraced the foreigners, inviting them to festivities and celebrating traditional Chinese holidays together. In 2018, Yang Chengkai, a 34-year-old villager, befriended the family, often assisting them on the farm. “The community has embraced this family. Even the vendors at the local market contribute by giving them vegetable scraps for free to feed their livestock.” Yang says. The family farm, hidden within the dense forest, is proof of Guizhou’s ecological progress. The farm practices diversified grass cultivation for high-quality animal feed, uses solar panels for clean energy and employs rainwater harvesting systems for a stable water supply. Living in China, the 28-year-old Belgian has witnessed the country’s remarkable changes. He has also seized the opportunities of the Internet and new media to increase the farm’s visibility. Partnering with Qiu Ye, a social media influencer, he has set up accounts like “Kevin’s family in Guizhou” on various platforms. By sharing their daily lives on the farm and the natural beauty of rural China, their content has quickly earned over 700,000 subscribers. 4. What made Hetty Cillen decide to settle in Guizhou? A. The natural beauty. B. Volunteer work. C. A research project. D. Career prospects. 5. How does the family farm contribute to ecological progress in Guizhou? A. By creating jobs for the locals. B. By introducing Western equipment. C. By practising sustainable way of farming. D. By facilitating eco-tourism and green living. 6. How has Kevin promoted the farm? A. He has created a website. B. He has set up social media accounts. C. He has it advertised by local villagers. D. He has organized events for subscribers. 7. What might be the best title for the text? A. Belgians Harvest a Good Farm Life in Guizhou B. Belgians Get Enchanted by the Beauty of Guizhou C. Belgians Become a Social Media Influencer in China D. Belgians Live in a Local Chinese Community C When you see someone take that first sip of freshly made milk tea, their faces look like pure joy. Across the world, customers flock to their favorite spots to meet with friends and savor sips of these tasty drinks. In the early 2000s, though, milk tea was just coming on the scene. The few brands that earned a foothold in the industry were concerned: Would milk tea just be another fad (一时风尚) food? And with so much new excitement for this product, would, people be able to distinguish milk tea companies? These were the questions that Serenitea, a Manila-based milk-tea company, faced in 2014. While successfully opening 60 stores, they found themselves in a strategic fog. Unsure of what consumers truly felt towards the drink, they offered as many flavors as possible. They also had no clear definition of how they were distinct — their brand promise, product line, and product packaging all seemed nearly identical to their competitors. How could they define themselves, in a way that would deeply resonate? Like Airbnb, Serenitea partnered with an agency, CIA Bootleg Manila, which specializes in drilling down to the deep consumer “why”. The agency conducted a series of psychological-based market research. Specifically, they probed the consumer’s deeper, emotional connections to milk tea, including their earliest childhood memories of milk and tea. Their research revealed that milk tea triggered three consistent psychological responses. People connected to milk through the concept of nurturing; they fondly remembered their childhood and being cared for by their mothers. Next, consumers connected tea to its healing properties; respondents would recall receiving tea when they had indigestion problems or seeing their parents drinking herbal tea for health reasons. Lastly, they associated milk tea itself with teenage fun: a guilty pleasure of their youth. They had uncovered the three psychological cornerstones of the milk tea experience: nurturing, healing, and teenage fun. This set of insights was crucial. By including them into the core of their brand strategy, they charted an entirely new path. 8. What do the underlined words “earned a foothold” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Made an adjustment. B. Won a position. C. Lost the initiative. D. Achieved a breakthrough. 9. What was Serenitea’s main concern in 2014? A. Being confused with other brands. B. The rapid growth of milk tea brands. C. The possibility of milk tea catching on. D. Falling behind the changing consumer tastes. 10. What did CIA Bootleg Manila specialize in? A. Product packaging design. B. Market expansion strategies. C. Analysis of customer psychology. D. Flavor innovation and development. 11. What was among the findings of the research? A. Milk tea was popular among teenagers. B. Customers found all milk tea identical. C. Customers associated milk tea with health. D. Milk tea brands ignored consumers’ feelings. D Shadows are often associated with darkness and uncertainty. Now, researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) are giving shadows a positive spin by demonstrating a way to harness this common but often overlooked optical (光学的) effect to generate electricity. The team created a device called a shadow-effect energy generator (SEG), which makes use of the contrast in illumination (照明) between lit and shadowed areas to generate electricity. It’s made up of a series of thin strips of gold film on a silicon layer, which is then placed on a flexible plastic base. “In conventional optoelectronics (光电子学) where a steady source of light is used to power devices, shadows are undesirable, since they degrade the performance of devices. In this work, we took advantage of the illumination contrast caused by shadows as an indirect source of power. The contrast in illumination causes a voltage (电压) difference between the shadow and illuminated sections, resulting in an electric current. This novel concept of harvesting energy in the presence of shadows is unprecedented.” explained research team leader Professor Tan Swee Ching. Mobile electronic devices such as smart phones, smart glasses and e-watches require efficient and continuous power supply. As these devices are worn both indoors and outdoors, wearable power sources that could harness surrounding light can potentially improve the function of these devices. While commercially available solar cells can perform this role in an outdoor environment, their energy harvesting efficiency drops significantly under indoor conditions where shadows are persistent. This new approach to maximizing the efficiency of energy harvesting is both exciting and timely. “When the whole SEG is under illumination or in shadow, the amount of electricity generated is very low or none at all. When a part of the SEG is illuminated, a significant electrical output is detected. We also found that the best surface area for electricity generation is when half of the SEG is illuminated and the other half in shadow, as this gives enough area for charge generation and collection respectively.” said co- team leader Professor Andrew Wee. The NUS researchers are also looking at developing wearable SEGs attached to clothing to harvest energy during normal daily activities. Another promising area of research is the development of low- cost SEG for efficient harvesting of energy from indoor lighting. 12. Why are shadows considered undesirable in traditional optoelectronics? A. They serve no useful purpose. B. They weaken device performance. C. They are rare in outdoor conditions. D. They are difficult to control or predict. 13. What do we know about the SEG? A. It’s specially designed to work in open areas. B. It will replace existing solar cells once and for all. C. It’s most effective when fully positioned in light or in shadow. D. It requires a balance of light and shadow to maximize electricity generation. 14. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The SEG is unlikely to work efficiently in dark places. B. The researchers are looking to reduce the cost of the SEG. C. The development of SEG is limited by its high production cost. D. The researchers are developing wearable SEGs attached to smart phones. 15. What does the text mainly talk about? A. An innovative use of shadows to generate electricity. B. The problems with shadows in conventional optoelectronics. C. The challenges of adapting technology for wearable devices. D. A need for efficient power supply in mobile electronic devices. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What Can We Learn From The Art of War? The Art of War is one of the world’s most famous and influential military texts, written by the Chinese strategist Sun Tzu. A famous military text has now turned into general principles for conflict. It is recommended by all the famous business leaders and even sports coaches. ___16___ Whenever there is a battle within ourselves, or a conflict in an organization, The Art of War provides the necessary guidelines for victory. Want to know more about the lessons it provides? Take a look! Choose your battles carefully One of the first lessons that we learn from The Art of War is to choose our battles. It is better to understand when you should engage in a conflict and when it will be wise to avoid any argument at all. ___17___ Plan and strategize. Planning is the core of The Art of War. ___18___ In fact, it is also important in everyday life to have clear smart goals to increase your chances of success. In war, the way is to avoid what is strong and to strike at what is weak. So whether you are going to start a business, or face a difficulty, it is always a better idea to approach these everyday problems with a strategy. ___19___ Knowing yourself is important but it is also equally important to know your enemy. Underestimating your enemy can be the biggest mistake you make. Understand your strengths but also recognize your weaknesses. This can help you develop strategies to protect the weakest parts of yourself. Know yourself and know your enemy, and you will remain unharmed in numerous conflicts. Be adaptable and flexible. You can use psychological war, yet you need to be flexible yourself. You need to react quickly to your changing circumstances and adapt to them. In war and life, the key to success lies in adaptability and flexibility. ___20___ Seize opportunities, and remain responsive to the dynamic changes of their environment. A. Assess your enemy and yourself. B. Know your strengths and weaknesses. C. Why is The Art of War so influential and helpful? D. He will win who knows when to fight and when not to fight. E. The best way is to avoid what is strong and to attack what is weak. F. Victory belongs to those who can adjust to changing circumstances. G. Having a well-defined strategy before any conflict can guide you through it. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 In my last year of high school, I was under great pressure. My friends and I were ___21___ to college, writing essays answering the question, “What makes you different?” Without doubt, we all knew the answer. In a culture where all ___22___ to be a cheerleader but only a few could, it was the moment when we put on the uniform that made us ___23___. As I listed all my ___24___ in the essay, I realized none meant more than being a cheerleader. At seventeen, I was ___25___ that the college admissions departments felt alike. My tension ___26___ with the tryouts (选拔) approaching. Luckily, I had my families’ ___27___, especially Molly, my younger sister, who started the same high school that year. Not ___28___ enough, Molly always feared the unknown. But with my experiences and ___29___, she gradually adjusted to and even enjoyed her new life as a freshman. Eventually, the day of the tryouts came. I gave it everything I had. The result was due Friday afternoon. I turned ___30___ that morning but Molly said nothing. She just handed me a note that I stuffed into a book ___31___. In the last class, the note ___32___ as I grabbed my English book. It said: “You are the best sister whatever happens. Without your help, I would never enjoy my high school life. Having a sister like you makes me special.” The bell rang, but I stayed where I was, rereading my sister’s note until the words ___33___. Suddenly, I knew what really set me apart. It was not about being a cheerleader but a(n) ___34___ sister. I made my way down the hall, my eyes glued to my very own personal ___35___, who was waiting patiently for someone she thought special. 21. A. driving B. applying C. admitted D. reduced 22. A. hated B. failed C. longed D. refused 23. A. unique B. lucky C. successful D. common 24. A. promises B. shortcomings C. achievements D. priorities 25. A. surprised B. convinced C. grateful D. regretful 26. A. worked B. reduced C. mounted D. disappeared 27. A. support B. complaint C. criticism D. permission 28. A. proud B. generous C. sympathetic D. adaptable 29. A. ambition B. guidance C. leadership D. inspection 30. A. bored B. anxious C. jealous D. annoyed 31. A. similarly B. previously C. hurriedly D. confidently 32. A. slipped out B. died out C. lay around D. went around 33. A. emerged B. faded C. changed D. blurred 34. A. energetic B. tolerant C. careful D. helpful 35. A. assistant B. cheerleader C. agent D. trainer 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s new hit TV show To the Wonder has made Altay a new ___36___ (trend) tourism destination among young people, who are attracted by the breathtaking views and the simple and heartwarming lives of the local residents. ___37___ (adapt) from My Altay, a collection of prose by Chinese author Li Juan, the series tells the story of Li Wenxiu, a young woman who returned to her hometown Altay after having setbacks. Since its premiere on May 7, To the Wonder has become ___38___ hit. With the help of 4K ultra-HD cameras, the series captures the untouched beauty of Altay ___39___ grassland stretches for miles against the snow- capped mountains, and flocks of sheep graze leisurely on pastures. ___40___ the vivid display of nomadic culture, people also love the show for its characters and their stories. They celebrate the fun of ordinary life and reflect our common ___41___ (human). Once we’ve seen the world and satisfied our material needs, we start to look inside, to search for a sense of peace and satisfaction and to realize our self- worth. It is ___42___ (probable) this re- connection with one’s inner world and the desire for true beauty ___43___ draws so many viewers in. It’s not the first time in recent years that a hit show ___44___ (help) turn its location into a popular tourism destination. In January 2023, the TV drama Meet Yourself made Dali in Yunnan province a popular tourism destination. Xiao Peng, a researcher from travel agency, said that the local authorities or tourism companies can make the most of tour products by combining natural views and cultural elements in Altay ___45___ (improve) people’s travel experiences. 第II卷（共40分） 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Eric近期将来重庆参观三峡博物馆。请你给他写一封邮件告知参观博物馆的安排，内容包括： （1）博物馆近期的活动； （2）参观的注意事项； （3）对他到来的期待。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Eric I am excited to hear about your upcoming trip to Chongqing! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a Friday evening in December, two weeks before Christmas, I lost my job. I hadn’t seen it coming. I was excited for the weekend, when my daughter, Kristil, then 12, and I planned to get our Christmas tree. Then I listened to my voicemail: “We’re sorry but your work assignment has ended as of today.” My heart sank. I wasn’t just a single parent; I was the only parent. My paycheck was survival. The next day as we searched for our tree, I struggled to be cheerful as I eyed each price tag. “Is everything OK?” Kristil asked. “You seem worried.” “I got some bad news yesterday,” I told her. “I lost my job.” “Oh no” Kristil said. “Well, I have $100 from Grandma I can give you.” “Absolutely not.” I told her. In the following days, I furiously applied for jobs as my bank account grew smaller. I felt as if the world was closing in on me. One afternoon, I dropped Kristil in a wealthy gated community for a birthday party. I watched as she went in, surrounded by all the nice things we couldn’t afford. I drove home defeated. Back at home, I glanced out the window. It had been snowing on and off all morning. I noticed a thin woman with short white hair struggling to open her car door against the wind. As she got out, I realized it was my old professor, Esther Heffernan. I hadn’t seen her since we met for lunch three months ago. I rushed to the front of my building. “What are you doing out in this weather? ”I asked as we hugged. “Well, I tried to call last week but couldn’t get through. Then I called your job and they said you weren’t working there anymore, so I thought I would come by.” Esther said, “I have gifts for you and Kristl.” I made her a cup of tea, and we talked. Just being in Esther’s presence gave me hope that things would be all right. As she got up to leave, she handed me a Christmas card. “This is for you.” I walked her to her car and waved as she pulled away. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右; (2)请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When I opened her card, hundred- dollar bills fell onto the table. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On Christmas Eve, I decided to pass on the goodwill. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重庆南开中学高2025级高三7月考试 英语试题 本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分。共150分。考试用时120分钟。 第I卷（共110分） 第一部分 听力（共两节；满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers do on Thursday? A. Play football. B. Watch a movie. C. Go hiking. 2. What does the man want to do? A. Place an order. B. Design a uniform. C. Form a team. 3. What is Sally’s favorite city? A. Paris. B. Madrid. C. Venice. 4. Where will the speakers go? A. To a cafe. B. To a dessert shop. C. To a bookstore. 5. What relation is Mr. Gomez to the man? A. His teacher. B. His client. C. His boss. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is the man doing? A. Driving a car. B. Repairing a car. C. Borrowing a car. 7. How does the man sound in the end? A. Confused. B. Hesitant. C. Confident. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers discussing? A. A job candidate. B. A new workmate. C. Travel arrangements. 9. How does Steven Johnson impress the man? A. By his working experiences. B. By his communication skills. C. By his international background. 10. When will the speakers meet Steven Johnson? A Tomorrow. B. Next week. C. The week after next. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What will the man do on Monday? A Start a new position. B. Pack his belongings. C. Attend a meeting. 12. What is the man busy doing now? A. Moving to his new office. B. Checking off office supplies. C. Preparing for a promotion campaign. 13. What does the woman offer to do? A Review an expense report. B. Provide the man with supplies. C. Arrange a company celebration. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where will the event take place? A. At a coffee shop. B. At a music hall. C. At a park. 15. Why did the woman choose the location? A. It’s private. B. It’s family friendly. C. It’s requested by the charity. 16. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Organize some activities. B. Contribute some money. C. Contact some bands. 17. What is the event’s purpose? A. To enjoy some live music. B. To help an animal shelter. C. To have some family fun. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why did the speaker learn Arabic? A. She wanted to study in Cairo. B. She was inspired by her teacher. C. She became interested in the culture. 19. What is the biggest challenge for the speaker? A. Suffering from culture shock. B. Finding a hotel and accommodation. C. Mastering written and spoken Arabic. 20. What excites the speaker most? A. Being invited to a meal. B. Shopping at a local market. C. Getting to know the locals. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节；满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 请阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。 A Harvard’s Pre-College Program for high school students is an intensive two-week summer program designed to give you a glimpse of college life. You will live on the Harvard campus during your two-week session while taking a college-level course with other Pre-College Program students. Who Can Participate in the Pre-College Program? Harvard’s Pre-College Program is designed for mature academically motivated students who are interested in exploring a potential major or simply finding out what college is really like. You must meet the following criteria: Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2025 or 2026. Are at least 16 years old by June 22, 2024, and will not turn 19 years old before July 31, 2024. Important Deadlines: Early Application and Priority Financial Aid Deadline — January 10, 2024 Regular Application and Financial Aid Deadline — February 14, 2024 Late Application Deadline — April 10,2024 Courses at Harvard’s Pre-College Program With almost 30 courses to choose from in each session, you’re sure to find a topic that sparks your interest among the courses offered to Pre- College Program students At the end of the program, you’ll receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a Harvard transcript (成绩单) with a grade of AR or NM (“met all requirements” or “requirements not met”). This is a great way to enhance your college application. Please note: You need to attend every class entirely to receive a passing grade of AR. Explore the 2024 course catalog or browse courses by topic below. Speech, Writing and Literature Psychology, Medicine, and Public Health Law, Politics, Philosophy, and History Business and Leadership Race, Gender, and Ethics Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Math (STEAM) Why Choose Harvard’s Pre-College Program? Harvard’s Pre-College Program combines the hard work of an Ivy League education with the fun that comes with living and studying. Whether you’ re engaging in meaningful debate in class, sharing your skills at a talent show, or exploring the Boston area, you’ll be creating memories that will last you a lifetime. 1. Which high school students are qualified for Harvard’s Pre-College Program? A. Students younger than 16 after June 22, 2024. B. Students older than 19 before July 31, 2024. C. 2025 graduates applying after April 10, 2024. D. 2026 graduates applying on February 13, 2024. 2. What does the Harvard transcript with a grade of AR indicate? A. The student has achieved the course objectives. B. The student has not met the course requirements. C. The student has been guaranteed his college application. D. The student has finished all the classes for college graduation. 3. What is the main purpose of Harvard’s Pre-College Program? A. To offer students a taste of college study and on-campus life. B. To ensure that students receive a passing grade in all their courses. C. To provide financial aid to the students who apply for the program. D. To give students a chance to explore Boston and engage in social activities. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了哈佛大学预科的一些信息，包括申请人资格和申请日期最后期限，课程设置，以及该课程的吸引力所在。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Who Can Participate in the Pre-College Program?”部分内容“You must meet the following criteria: Will graduate from high school and enter college in 2025 or 2026. Are at least 16 years old by June 22, 2024, and will not turn 19 years old before July 31, 2024.(您必须满足以下条件：在2025年或2026年高中毕业并进入大学。2024年6月22日前年满16岁，2024年7月31日前未满19岁。)”以及“Important Deadlines: Early Application and Priority Financial Aid Deadline—January 10, 2024; Regular Application and Financial Aid Deadline—February 14, 2024; Late Application Deadline—April 10, 2024(重要截止日期：提前申请和优先财政援助截止日期——2024年1月10日；常规申请和财政援助截止日期——2024年2月14日；申请截止日期——2024年4月10日)”可知，申请者应该是2025年或2026年高中毕业生，年龄要求为2024年6月22日前年满16岁且2024年7月31日前未满19岁，并于2024年1月10日前进行提前申请，于2月14日前进行常规申请或于4月10日前进行申请的人。选项D“2026 graduates applying on February 13, 2024.(2026年毕业生将于2024年2月13日申请。)”提到的申请者为2026年高中毕业生，结合常识可知，美国高中毕业生年龄一般在18岁到19岁之间，同时，申请时间在2月14日之前，符合以上条件。故选D项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章“Courses at Harvard’s Pre-College Program”部分内容“At the end of the program, you’ll receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a Harvard transcript with a grade of AR or NM (“met all requirements” or “requirements not met”). This is a great way to enhance your college application. Please note: You need to attend every class entirely to receive a passing grade of AR.(在课程结束时，您将收到导师的书面评估，以及哈佛成绩单，成绩为AR或NM(“满足所有要求”或“不满足要求”)。这是一个提高你的大学申请的好方法。请注意：你需要完全参加每节课才能获得AR的及格分数。)”可知，得到AR成绩单说明满足了所有科目要求，即，实现了所有科目设定的目标，并在申请大学方面有所帮助。由此推知，拿到AR成绩单意味着该学生已达到课程目标。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章首段内容“Harvard’s Pre-College Program for high school students is an intensive two-week summer program designed to give you a glimpse of college life. You will live on the Harvard campus during your two-week session while taking a college-level course with other Pre-College Program students.(哈佛大学面向高中生的大学预科课程是一个为期两周的强化暑期课程，旨在让你一窥大学生活。在为期两周的课程中，你将住在哈佛校园里，同时与其他大学预科课程的学生一起学习大学水平的课程。)”可知，哈佛大学预科课程旨在让学生了解大学生活，住在哈佛校园里，并与其他学生一起学习大学水平的课程。由此可推知，其目的应是为学生提供大学学习和校园生活的体验。故选A项。 B Nestled in the heart of a mountain village in China’s Guizhou province, there is a unique ecological family farm. It is run by Kevin Cillen, a 28-year-old Belgian who is passionate about the land. With his parents and siblings, they have combined Western farming techniques with local countryside practices to cultivate an “ecological oasis”. The family’s pursuit of their farming dream in China began in 2000, when Kevin’s mother Hetty Cillen visited China as a volunteer for the first time. The enchanting landscapes and rich cultural heritage of Guizhou fascinated her, causing her to make this foreign country her home. Soon after, his father Patrick Jan Cillen joined her. In 2017, the family rented a plot amid the forest to establish an ecological farm where they laid the foundation, leveling the land, sowing pastures and rearing lambs and chicks. The locals have openly embraced the foreigners, inviting them to festivities and celebrating traditional Chinese holidays together. In 2018, Yang Chengkai, a 34-year-old villager, befriended the family, often assisting them on the farm. “The community has embraced this family. Even the vendors at the local market contribute by giving them vegetable scraps for free to feed their livestock.” Yang says. The family farm, hidden within the dense forest, is proof of Guizhou’s ecological progress. The farm practices diversified grass cultivation for high-quality animal feed, uses solar panels for clean energy and employs rainwater harvesting systems for a stable water supply. Living in China, the 28-year-old Belgian has witnessed the country’s remarkable changes. He has also seized the opportunities of the Internet and new media to increase the farm’s visibility. Partnering with Qiu Ye, a social media influencer, he has set up accounts like “Kevin’s family in Guizhou” on various platforms. By sharing their daily lives on the farm and the natural beauty of rural China, their content has quickly earned over 700,000 subscribers. 4. What made Hetty Cillen decide to settle in Guizhou? A. The natural beauty. B. Volunteer work. C. A research project. D. Career prospects. 5. How does the family farm contribute to ecological progress in Guizhou? A. By creating jobs for the locals. B. By introducing Western equipment. C. By practising sustainable way of farming. D. By facilitating eco-tourism and green living. 6. How has Kevin promoted the farm? A. He has created a website. B. He has set up social media accounts. C. He has it advertised by local villagers. D. He has organized events for subscribers. 7. What might be the best title for the text? A. Belgians Harvest a Good Farm Life in Guizhou B. Belgians Get Enchanted by the Beauty of Guizhou C. Belgians Become a Social Media Influencer in China D. Belgians Live in a Local Chinese Community 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了比利时人Kevin Cillen和他的家人在中国贵州省的一个山村经营生态农场的故事，他们结合西方农业技术和当地乡村实践，创建了一个“生态绿洲”，并见证了中国的巨大变化。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The family’s pursuit of their farming dream in China began in 2000, when Kevin’s mother Hetty Cillen visited China as a volunteer for the first time. The enchanting landscapes and rich cultural heritage of Guizhou fascinated her, causing her to make this foreign country her home.（这个家庭在中国追求他们的农业梦想始于2000年，当时Kevin的母亲Hetty Cillen第一次作为中国志愿者来到中国。贵州迷人的风景和丰富的文化遗产让她着迷，使她把这个外国当成了自己的家。）”可知，贵州迷人的风景和丰富的文化遗产让Hetty Cillen着迷，所以她决定定居在贵州。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The family farm, hidden within the dense forest, is proof of Guizhou’s ecological progress. The farm practices diversified grass cultivation for high-quality animal feed, uses solar panels for clean energy and employs rainwater harvesting systems for a stable water supply.（隐藏在茂密森林中的家庭农场是贵州生态进步的证明。农场种植多样化的草料以提供高质量的动物饲料，使用太阳能电池板提供清洁能源，并采用雨水收集系统以确保稳定的水源。）”可知，这个家庭农场通过实践可持续的农业方式来促进贵州的生态进步。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Partnering with Qiu Ye, a social media influencer, he has set up accounts like ‘Kevin’s family in Guizhou’ on various platforms.（他与社交媒体网红邱野合作，在各种平台上开设了‘Kevin在贵州的家人’等账号。）”可知，Kevin通过在各种平台上开设账号来推广农场。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其结合第一段“Nestled in the heart of a mountain village in China’s Guizhou province, there is a unique ecological family farm. It is run by Kevin Cillen, a 28-year-old Belgian who is passionate about the land. With his parents and siblings, they have combined Western farming techniques with local countryside practices to cultivate an ‘ecological oasis’.（坐落在中国贵州省一个山村的中心，有一个独特的生态家庭农场。它由28岁的比利时人Kevin Cillen经营，他对这片土地充满热情。他们与父母和兄弟姐妹一起，将西方农业技术与当地农村实践相结合，培育出一片‘生态绿洲’）”可知，本文主要讲述了比利时人Kevin Cillen和他的家人在中国贵州省经营生态农场的故事。所以，A项“Belgians Harvest a Good Farm Life in Guizhou（比利时人在贵州收获美好的农场生活）”最适合作文章标题。故选A项。 C When you see someone take that first sip of freshly made milk tea, their faces look like pure joy. Across the world, customers flock to their favorite spots to meet with friends and savor sips of these tasty drinks. In the early 2000s, though, milk tea was just coming on the scene. The few brands that earned a foothold in the industry were concerned: Would milk tea just be another fad (一时风尚) food? And with so much new excitement for this product, would, people be able to distinguish milk tea companies? These were the questions that Serenitea, a Manila-based milk-tea company, faced in 2014. While successfully opening 60 stores, they found themselves in a strategic fog. Unsure of what consumers truly felt towards the drink, they offered as many flavors as possible. They also had no clear definition of how they were distinct — their brand promise, product line, and product packaging all seemed nearly identical to their competitors. How could they define themselves, in a way that would deeply resonate? Like Airbnb, Serenitea partnered with an agency, CIA Bootleg Manila, which specializes in drilling down to the deep consumer “why”. The agency conducted a series of psychological-based market research. Specifically, they probed the consumer’s deeper, emotional connections to milk tea, including their earliest childhood memories of milk and tea. Their research revealed that milk tea triggered three consistent psychological responses. People connected to milk through the concept of nurturing; they fondly remembered their childhood and being cared for by their mothers. Next, consumers connected tea to its healing properties; respondents would recall receiving tea when they had indigestion problems or seeing their parents drinking herbal tea for health reasons. Lastly, they associated milk tea itself with teenage fun: a guilty pleasure of their youth. They had uncovered the three psychological cornerstones of the milk tea experience: nurturing, healing, and teenage fun. This set of insights was crucial. By including them into the core of their brand strategy, they charted an entirely new path. 8. What do the underlined words “earned a foothold” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Made an adjustment. B. Won a position. C. Lost the initiative. D. Achieved a breakthrough. 9. What was Serenitea’s main concern in 2014? A. Being confused with other brands. B. The rapid growth of milk tea brands. C. The possibility of milk tea catching on. D. Falling behind the changing consumer tastes. 10. What did CIA Bootleg Manila specialize in? A. Product packaging design. B. Market expansion strategies. C. Analysis of customer psychology. D. Flavor innovation and development. 11. What was among the findings of the research? A. Milk tea was popular among teenagers. B. Customers found all milk tea identical. C. Customers associated milk tea with health. D. Milk tea brands ignored consumers’ feelings. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Serenitea这个奶茶品牌在发展过程中遇到的挑战，以及他们如何通过深入研究消费者心理，找到了品牌的独特定位，从而开辟了一条全新的发展道路。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据下文“These were the questions that Serenitea, a Manila- based milk- tea company, faced in 2014. While successfully opening 60 stores, they found themselves in a strategic fog.”（这些都是马尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea在2014年面临的问题。虽然成功地开了60家店，但他们发现自己陷入了战略迷雾。）可知，马尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea虽然已经开了60家店，在奶茶行业成功立足，但它仍然充满担忧。由此推知，“马尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea”是对划线词所在句中“The few brands that earned a foothold in the industry”的举例说明，其意为“为数不多的在这个行业站稳脚跟的品牌”，后置定语从句“that earned a foothold in the industry”中“earned a foothold”的意思是“赢得了一席之地；站稳脚跟”，即“Won a position”。故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“And with so much new excitement for this product, would, people be able to distinguish milk tea companies? These were the questions that Serenitea, a Manila-based milk-tea company, faced in 2014. ”（伴随着这款产品带来的如此多的新兴奋点，人们能否区分开奶茶公司呢？这些是马尼拉一家奶茶公司Serenitea在2014年所面临的问题。）和第三段中“They also had no clear definition of how they were distinct — their brand promise, product line, and product packaging all seemed nearly identical to their competitors. How could they define themselves, in a way that would deeply resonate?”（他们也不清楚自己究竟有何独特之处——他们的品牌承诺、产品线和产品包装似乎都与竞争对手几乎一模一样。他们究竟该如何界定自身，才能引起消费者的强烈共鸣呢？）可推知，Serenitea在2014年的主要担忧是自身品牌与其他奶茶品牌没有区分度，容易混淆。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Like Airbnb, Serenitea partnered with an agency, CIA Bootleg Manila, which specializes in drilling down to the deep consumer ‘why’. The agency conducted a series of psychological-based market research. Specifically, they probed the consumer’s deeper, emotional connections to milk tea, including their earliest childhood memories of milk and tea.”（像Airbnb一样，Serenitea与一家名为CIA Bootleg Manila的机构合作，该机构专门研究深入探究消费者的‘为什么’。该机构进行了一系列以心理为基础的市场调查。具体来说，他们探究了消费者与奶茶更深层次的情感联系，包括他们童年对牛奶和茶的最早记忆。）可知，CIA Bootleg Manila进行了一系列以心理为基础的市场调查，专门深入探究消费者的心理。故选C项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Next, consumers connected tea to its healing properties; respondents would recall receiving tea when they had indigestion problems or seeing their parents drinking herbal tea for health reasons.”（其次，消费者将奶茶与其治愈特性联系起来；受访者会回忆起当他们消化不良时收到茶，或者看到他们的父母为了健康原因喝草药茶。）可知，研究发现消费者把奶茶与健康联系起来。故选C项。 D Shadows are often associated with darkness and uncertainty. Now, researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) are giving shadows a positive spin by demonstrating a way to harness this common but often overlooked optical (光学的) effect to generate electricity. The team created a device called a shadow-effect energy generator (SEG), which makes use of the contrast in illumination (照明) between lit and shadowed areas to generate electricity. It’s made up of a series of thin strips of gold film on a silicon layer, which is then placed on a flexible plastic base. “In conventional optoelectronics (光电子学) where a steady source of light is used to power devices, shadows are undesirable, since they degrade the performance of devices. In this work, we took advantage of the illumination contrast caused by shadows as an indirect source of power. The contrast in illumination causes a voltage (电压) difference between the shadow and illuminated sections, resulting in an electric current. This novel concept of harvesting energy in the presence of shadows is unprecedented.” explained research team leader Professor Tan Swee Ching. Mobile electronic devices such as smart phones, smart glasses and e-watches require efficient and continuous power supply. As these devices are worn both indoors and outdoors, wearable power sources that could harness surrounding light can potentially improve the function of these devices. While commercially available solar cells can perform this role in an outdoor environment, their energy harvesting efficiency drops significantly under indoor conditions where shadows are persistent. This new approach to maximizing the efficiency of energy harvesting is both exciting and timely. “When the whole SEG is under illumination or in shadow, the amount of electricity generated is very low or none at all. When a part of the SEG is illuminated, a significant electrical output is detected. We also found that the best surface area for electricity generation is when half of the SEG is illuminated and the other half in shadow, as this gives enough area for charge generation and collection respectively.” said co- team leader Professor Andrew Wee. The NUS researchers are also looking at developing wearable SEGs attached to clothing to harvest energy during normal daily activities. Another promising area of research is the development of low- cost SEG for efficient harvesting of energy from indoor lighting. 12. Why are shadows considered undesirable in traditional optoelectronics? A. They serve no useful purpose. B. They weaken device performance. C. They are rare in outdoor conditions. D. They are difficult to control or predict. 13. What do we know about the SEG? A. It’s specially designed to work in open areas. B. It will replace existing solar cells once and for all. C. It’s most effective when fully positioned in light or in shadow. D. It requires a balance of light and shadow to maximize electricity generation. 14. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The SEG is unlikely to work efficiently in dark places. B. The researchers are looking to reduce the cost of the SEG. C. The development of SEG is limited by its high production cost. D. The researchers are developing wearable SEGs attached to smart phones. 15. What does the text mainly talk about? A. An innovative use of shadows to generate electricity. B. The problems with shadows in conventional optoelectronics. C. The challenges of adapting technology for wearable devices. D. A need for efficient power supply in mobile electronic devices. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的可产生电的发明，该发明利用明亮和阴影区域之间的照明对比来发电，该设备被称为“阴影效应能量发生器”。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“In conventional optoelectronics where a steady source of light is used to power devices, shadows are undesirable, since they degrade the performance of devices.(在传统的光电子技术中，使用稳定的光源为设备供电，阴影是不可取的，因为它们会降低设备的性能。)”可知，阴影不可取的原因在于它们会降低设备的性能。故选B项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段内容“We also found that the best surface area for electricity generation is when half of the SEG is illuminated and the other half in shadow, as this gives enough area for charge generation and collection respectively.(我们还发现，发电的最佳表面积是当SEG的一半被照亮而另一半处于阴影中时，因为这分别为电荷的产生和收集提供了足够的面积。)”可知，当SEG的一半被照亮而另一半处于阴影中时，即，光影面积平衡时，可实现最佳发电表面积。由此可推知，它需要光和影的平衡来最大限度地发电。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“Another promising area of research is the development of low-cost SEG for efficient harvesting of energy from indoor lighting.(另一个有前景的研究领域是开发低成本的SEG，以有效地从室内照明中收集能量。)”可知，开发低成本的SEG是有前景的。由此可推知，研究人员在寻求降低SEG的成本。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Now, researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) are giving shadows a positive spin by demonstrating a way to harness this common but often overlooked optical (光学的) effect to generate electricity.(现在，新加坡国立大学的研究人员正在给阴影一个积极的转变，他们展示了一种利用这种常见但常被忽视的光学效应来发电的方法。)”和文章第二段内容“The team created a device called a shadow-effect energy generator (SEG), which makes use of the contrast in illumination between lit and shadowed areas to generate electricity.(该团队创建了一种称为阴影效应能量发生器（SEG）的设备，该设备利用明亮和阴影区域之间的照明对比来发电。)”可知，文章主要以“阴影效应能量发生器（SEG）”为话题，对其原理和应用进行了阐述。因此，选项A“An innovative use of shadows to generate electricity.(一种利用阴影发电的创新方法。)”可对文章内容进行概述。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What Can We Learn From The Art of War? The Art of War is one of the world’s most famous and influential military texts, written by the Chinese strategist Sun Tzu. A famous military text has now turned into general principles for conflict. It is recommended by all the famous business leaders and even sports coaches. ___16___ Whenever there is a battle within ourselves, or a conflict in an organization, The Art of War provides the necessary guidelines for victory. Want to know more about the lessons it provides? Take a look! Choose your battles carefully. One of the first lessons that we learn from The Art of War is to choose our battles. It is better to understand when you should engage in a conflict and when it will be wise to avoid any argument at all. ___17___ Plan and strategize. Planning is the core of The Art of War. ___18___ In fact, it is also important in everyday life to have clear smart goals to increase your chances of success. In war, the way is to avoid what is strong and to strike at what is weak. So whether you are going to start a business, or face a difficulty, it is always a better idea to approach these everyday problems with a strategy. ___19___ Knowing yourself is important but it is also equally important to know your enemy. Underestimating your enemy can be the biggest mistake you make. Understand your strengths but also recognize your weaknesses. This can help you develop strategies to protect the weakest parts of yourself. Know yourself and know your enemy, and you will remain unharmed in numerous conflicts. Be adaptable and flexible. You can use psychological war, yet you need to be flexible yourself. You need to react quickly to your changing circumstances and adapt to them. In war and life, the key to success lies in adaptability and flexibility. ___20___ Seize opportunities, and remain responsive to the dynamic changes of their environment. A. Assess your enemy and yourself. B. Know your strengths and weaknesses. C. Why is The Art of War so influential and helpful? D. He will win who knows when to fight and when not to fight. E. The best way is to avoid what is strong and to attack what is weak. F. Victory belongs to those who can adjust to changing circumstances. G. Having a well-defined strategy before any conflict can guide you through it. 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《孙子兵法》这部著作对个人和组织冲突管理的重要性。 【16题详解】 下文“Whenever there is a battle within ourselves, or a conflict in an organization, The Art of War provides the necessary guidelines for victory.(无论何时我们内心有斗争，或者组织中有冲突，《孙子兵法》都能提供必要的胜利指南。)”提到了《孙子兵法》对我们的影响和帮助，选项C中influential and helpful是关键词，和下文构成顺承关系，所以C选项“为什么《孙子兵法》有如此大的影响力和帮助?”能引起下文，符合语境。故选C项。 【17题详解】 上文“It is better to understand when you should engage in a conflict and when it will be wise to avoid any argument at all.(最好明白什么时候你应该参与冲突，什么时候避免任何争论是明智的。)”提到了选择斗争的时机，选项D中的两个when是关键词，与上文呼应，所以D选项“知道什么时候战斗，什么时候不战斗的人会赢。”能承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。 【18题详解】 本段小标题“Plan and strategize.(制定计划和策略。)”提到了计划和策略，选项G中strategy是关键词，与本段小标题呼应，所以G选项“在任何冲突之前有一个明确的策略可以指导你度过难关。”符合本段小标题内容。故选G项。 【19题详解】 空格处是小标题的位置，下文“Knowing yourself is important but it is also equally important to know your enemy.(了解你自己很重要，但了解你的敌人也同样重要。)”提到了要了解自己和敌人，所以A选项“评估你的敌人和你自己。”能概括下文内容，符合语境。故选A项。 【20题详解】 上文“You need to react quickly to your changing circumstances and adapt to them. In war and life, the key to success lies in adaptability and flexibility.(你需要对不断变化的环境做出快速反应并适应它们。在战争和生活中，成功的关键在于适应性和灵活性。)”提到了适应性和灵活性，选项F中adjust to是关键词，与上文呼应，所以F选项“胜利属于那些能够适应不断变化的环境的人。”能承接上文内容，符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 In my last year of high school, I was under great pressure. My friends and I were ___21___ to college, writing essays answering the question, “What makes you different?” Without doubt, we all knew the answer. In a culture where all ___22___ to be a cheerleader but only a few could, it was the moment when we put on the uniform that made us ___23___. As I listed all my ___24___ in the essay, I realized none meant more than being a cheerleader. At seventeen, I was ___25___ that the college admissions departments felt alike. My tension ___26___ with the tryouts (选拔) approaching. Luckily, I had my families’ ___27___, especially Molly, my younger sister, who started the same high school that year. Not ___28___ enough, Molly always feared the unknown. But with my experiences and ___29___, she gradually adjusted to and even enjoyed her new life as a freshman. Eventually, the day of the tryouts came. I gave it everything I had. The result was due Friday afternoon. I turned ___30___ that morning but Molly said nothing. She just handed me a note that I stuffed into a book ___31___. In the last class, the note ___32___ as I grabbed my English book. It said: “You are the best sister whatever happens. Without your help, I would never enjoy my high school life. Having a sister like you makes me special.” The bell rang, but I stayed where I was, rereading my sister’s note until the words ___33___. Suddenly, I knew what really set me apart. It was not about being a cheerleader but a(n) ___34___ sister. I made my way down the hall, my eyes glued to my very own personal ___35___, who was waiting patiently for someone she thought special. 21. A. driving B. applying C. admitted D. reduced 22. A. hated B. failed C. longed D. refused 23. A. unique B. lucky C. successful D. common 24. A. promises B. shortcomings C. achievements D. priorities 25. A. surprised B. convinced C. grateful D. regretful 26. A. worked B. reduced C. mounted D. disappeared 27. A. support B. complaint C. criticism D. permission 28. A. proud B. generous C. sympathetic D. adaptable 29. A. ambition B. guidance C. leadership D. inspection 30. A. bored B. anxious C. jealous D. annoyed 31. A. similarly B. previously C. hurriedly D. confidently 32. A. slipped out B. died out C. lay around D. went around 33. A. emerged B. faded C. changed D. blurred 34. A. energetic B. tolerant C. careful D. helpful 35. A. assistant B. cheerleader C. agent D. trainer 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在面临大学招生选拔压力和自我认同困惑时，通过妹妹的鼓励和支持，最终领悟到真正让自己与众不同的不是外在的成就（如成为啦啦队长），而是与亲人之间深厚的情感纽带（特别是与妹妹之间的姐妹情谊）。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我和朋友们正在申请大学，写论文回答这个问题：“是什么让你与众不同？”A. driving驾驶；B. applying申请；C. admitted承认；D. reduced减少。根据上文“In my last year of high school”可知，作者在高中的最后一年，应该是申请大学。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个所有人都渴望成为拉拉队队长，但只有少数人能做到的文化中，我们穿上制服的那一刻让我们成功。A. hated恨；B. failed失败；C. longed渴望；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“to be a cheerleader but only a few could”可知，作者所处的文化中所有人都渴望成为啦啦队队长。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个所有人都渴望成为拉拉队队长，但只有少数人能做到的文化中，我们穿上制服的那一刻让我们独一无二。A. unique独一无二的；B. lucky幸运的；C. successful成功的；D. common常见的。根据上文““What makes you different?” Without doubt, we all knew the answer”和“but only a few could”可知，所有人都想成为啦啦队队长，但是只有少数人能做到，所以穿上啦啦队队服的时候才让我们独一无二，而且文章里的问题是问作者是什么让作者显得不同，因此作者觉得穿上啦啦队队服让自己独一无二。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在文章中列出我所有的成就时，我意识到没有什么比当啦啦队长更重要的了。A. promises承诺；B. shortcomings短处；C. achievements成就；D. priorities优先事项。根据上文“My friends and I were ___1__ to college”可知，作者在申请大学，肯定是把自己的成就列出来。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：17岁时，我确信大学招生部门的感觉是一样的。A. surprised惊讶的；B. convinced确信的；C. grateful感激的；D. regretful后悔的。根据下文“that the college admissions departments felt alike”可知，作者确信大学招生部门和作者感觉一样。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着选拔的临近，我越来越紧张。A. worked工作；B. reduced减少；C. mounted增加；D. disappeared消失。根据下文“with the tryouts (选拔) approaching”可知，选拔临近了，所以作者越来越紧张，也就是作者的紧张增加了。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我得到了家人的支持，尤其是我的妹妹莫莉，她在那一年上了同一所高中。A. support支持；B. complaint抱怨；C. criticism批评；D. permission允许。根据上文“Luckily, I had my families’”可知，作者觉得幸运，当然是家人支持自己。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于适应能力不够，莫利总是害怕未知的事物。A. proud骄傲的；B. generous慷慨的；C. sympathetic同情的；D. adaptable能适应的，适应性强的。根据下文“But with my experiences and __9__, she gradually adjusted to and even enjoyed her new life as a freshman”可知，作者的妹妹在作者的帮助下后来逐渐适应，说明作者妹妹的适应能力不够，空格处意为“能适应的，适应性强的”。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在我的经验和指导下，她逐渐适应甚至享受了高一的新生活。A. ambition雄心；B. guidance指导；C. leadership领导；D. inspection检查。根据下文“Without your help, I would never enjoy my high school life”可知，作者帮助了作者的妹妹适应高中新生活，因此空格处是“指导”。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天早上我变得焦虑起来，但莫利什么也没说。A. bored无聊的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. jealous嫉妒的；D. annoyed生气的。根据上文“The result was due Friday afternoon”可知，要出结果了，作者变得焦虑。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她只是递给我一张纸条，我赶紧把它塞进了书里。A. similarly相似地；B. previously以前地；C. hurriedly匆忙地；D. confidently自信地。根据语境和上文“She just handed me a note that I stuffed into a book”可知，作者是赶紧把纸条塞进书里。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在最后一节课上，当我抓起我的英语书时，这张纸条滑了出来。A. slipped out滑出来；B. died out灭绝；C. lay around无所事事；D. went around流通。根据下文“as I grabbed my English book. It said”可知，作者看到了纸条的内容，说明纸条从书里滑出来了。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：下课铃响了，但我呆在原地，重读妹妹的便条，直到字迹模糊。A. emerged出现；B. faded逐渐消失；C. changed改变；D. blurred变得模糊。根据上文“rereading my sister’s note until the words”可知，作者重读妹妹写的纸条，直到字变得模糊。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不是做一个啦啦队长，而是做一个有帮助的姐姐。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. tolerant容忍的；C. careful仔细的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据上文“Without your help, I would never enjoy my high school life”可知，没有作者的帮助，作者的妹妹就不能享受高中生活，所以作者是一个有帮助的姐姐。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我穿过大厅，眼睛紧盯着我的拉拉队队长，她正耐心地等待着她认为特别的人。A. assistant助手；B. cheerleader拉拉队队长；C. agent代理人；D. trainer教员。根据上文“You are the best sister whatever happens”可知，作者得到了妹妹的认可，这对于作者来说是一种鼓励，因此妹妹就是自己的啦啦队队长，作者穿过大厅时，眼睛紧紧盯着妹妹。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s new hit TV show To the Wonder has made Altay a new ___36___ (trend) tourism destination among young people, who are attracted by the breathtaking views and the simple and heartwarming lives of the local residents. ___37___ (adapt) from My Altay, a collection of prose by Chinese author Li Juan, the series tells the story of Li Wenxiu, a young woman who returned to her hometown Altay after having setbacks. Since its premiere on May 7, To the Wonder has become ___38___ hit. With the help of 4K ultra-HD cameras, the series captures the untouched beauty of Altay ___39___ grassland stretches for miles against the snow- capped mountains, and flocks of sheep graze leisurely on pastures. ___40___ the vivid display of nomadic culture, people also love the show for its characters and their stories. They celebrate the fun of ordinary life and reflect our common ___41___ (human). Once we’ve seen the world and satisfied our material needs, we start to look inside, to search for a sense of peace and satisfaction and to realize our self- worth. It is ___42___ (probable) this re- connection with one’s inner world and the desire for true beauty ___43___ draws so many viewers in. It’s not the first time in recent years that a hit show ___44___ (help) turn its location into a popular tourism destination. In January 2023, the TV drama Meet Yourself made Dali in Yunnan province a popular tourism destination. Xiao Peng, a researcher from travel agency, said that the local authorities or tourism companies can make the most of tour products by combining natural views and cultural elements in Altay ___45___ (improve) people’s travel experiences. 【答案】36. trendy 37. Adapted 38. a 39. where 40. Besides 41. humanity 42. probably 43. that 44. has helped 45. to improve 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述的是中国最新热播电视节目《我的阿勒泰》如何促使阿勒泰成为年轻人中的新时尚旅游目的地，并探讨了该节目对当地旅游业的潜在影响。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：中国最新热播的电视节目《我的阿勒泰》使阿勒泰成为年轻人中的一个新的时尚旅游目的地，他们被当地令人惊叹的景色和当地居民简单而温暖的生活所吸引。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词短语tourism destination，trend的形容词是trendy，意为“时尚的”。故填trendy。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：《我的阿勒泰》改编自中国作家李娟的散文集《我的阿勒泰》，讲述了年轻女子李文秀在遭遇挫折后回到家乡阿勒泰的故事。句中谓语是tells，空格处用非谓语动词，the series和adapt之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作状语。位于句首，首字母大写，故填Adapted。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：自5月7日首播以来，《我的阿勒泰》已经成为热门。hit是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，hit是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在4K超高清摄像机的帮助下，该系列捕捉了阿勒泰的原始之美，在那里，雪山映衬着绵延数英里的草原，成群的羊在牧场上悠闲地吃草。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词Altay是地方，因此空格处用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：除了生动地展示游牧文化外，人们还喜欢节目中的人物和他们的故事。根据语境可知，句子表示“除了生动地展示游牧文化外，人们还喜欢节目中的人物和他们的故事”，空格处意为“除了”，用besides，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Besides。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们庆祝日常生活的乐趣，反映了我们共同的人性。common是形容词，修饰名词，句子表示“他们庆祝日常生活的乐趣，反映了我们共同的人性”，空格处意为“人性”，作宾语，名词是humanity，是不可数名词。故填humanity。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：也许正是这种与内心世界的重新连接，以及对真美的渴望，吸引了如此多的观众。空格处用副词作状语，probable的副词是probably，意为“可能”。故填probably。 【43题详解】 考查强调句。句意：也许正是这种与内心世界的重新连接，以及对真美的渴望，吸引了如此多的观众。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子是强调句，结构是“It is/was+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分”，句子被强调的是“this re-connection with one’s inner world and the desire for true beauty”，因此空格处用that。故填that。 【44题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这已经不是近年来第一次有热播剧把这里变成热门旅游目的地了。It’s not the first time that sb. have/has done sth.是固定句型，意为“这不是某人第一次做某事”。主语a hit show是单数，主谓一致，故填has helped。 【45题详解】 考查不定式。句意：旅行社研究员Xiao Peng表示，当地政府或旅游公司可以通过结合阿勒泰的自然景观和文化元素来充分利用旅游产品，以改善人们的旅游体验。根据句意可知，空格处用不定式表目的，作状语。故填to improve。 第II卷（共40分） 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Eric近期将来重庆参观三峡博物馆。请你给他写一封邮件告知参观博物馆的安排，内容包括： （1）博物馆近期的活动； （2）参观的注意事项； （3）对他到来的期待。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Eric, I am excited to hear about your upcoming trip to Chongqing! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Andy, I am excited to hear about your upcoming trip to Chongqing! Knowing you are enthusiastic about Chinese traditional culture, I am writing to invite you to attend an exhibition of cultural relics from the Forbidden City, which is scheduled next month in the Three Gorges Museum. Many cultural relics, including ancient calligraphy works, paintings, books and porcelain vases, will be on display, which are bound to cast light on Chinese ancient-culture. To show respect for our national treasure, food and drinks are not allowed while touring the museum. Moreover, flashes are prohibited when you are taking photos. I look forward to your coming. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你的美国朋友Eric近期将来重庆参观三峡博物馆。要求考生给他写一封邮件告知参观博物馆的安排。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：attend→participate in 安排：schedule→arrange 应该：be bound to→be supposed to 此外：moreover→besides 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To show respect for our national treasure, food and drinks are not allowed while touring the museum. 拓展句：Food and drinks are not allowed while touring the museum, which is to show respect for our national treasure. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing you are enthusiastic about Chinese traditional culture, I am writing to invite you to attend an exhibition of cultural relics from the Forbidden City, which is scheduled next month in the Three Gorges Museum. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] To show respect for our national treasure, food and drinks are not allowed while touring the museum. (运用了不定式作目的状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a Friday evening in December, two weeks before Christmas, I lost my job. I hadn’t seen it coming. I was excited for the weekend, when my daughter, Kristil, then 12, and I planned to get our Christmas tree. Then I listened to my voicemail: “We’re sorry but your work assignment has ended as of today.” My heart sank. I wasn’t just a single parent; I was the only parent. My paycheck was survival. The next day as we searched for our tree, I struggled to be cheerful as I eyed each price tag. “Is everything OK?” Kristil asked. “You seem worried.” “I got some bad news yesterday,” I told her. “I lost my job.” “Oh no,” Kristil said. “Well, I have $100 from Grandma I can give you.” “Absolutely not.” I told her. In the following days, I furiously applied for jobs as my bank account grew smaller. I felt as if the world was closing in on me. One afternoon, I dropped Kristil in a wealthy gated community for a birthday party. I watched as she went in, surrounded by all the nice things we couldn’t afford. I drove home defeated. Back at home, I glanced out the window. It had been snowing on and off all morning. I noticed a thin woman with short white hair struggling to open her car door against the wind. As she got out, I realized it was my old professor, Esther Heffernan. I hadn’t seen her since we met for lunch three months ago. I rushed to the front of my building. “What are you doing out in this weather? ”I asked as we hugged. “Well I tried to call last week but couldn’t get through. Then I called your job and they said you weren’t working there anymore, so I thought I would come by.” Esther said, “I have gifts for you and Kristl.” I made her a cup of tea, and we talked. Just being in Esther’s presence gave me hope that things would be all right. As she got up to leave, she handed me a Christmas card. “This is for you.” I walked her to her car and waved as she pulled away. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右; (2)请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When I opened her card, hundred- dollar bills fell onto the table. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On Christmas Eve, I decided to pass on the goodwill. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Para 1: When I opened her card, hundred-dollar bills fell onto the table. My eyes widened in surprise as I counted them. There were five crisp notes, totalling five hundred dollars. My heart swelled with gratitude towards Esther. In the card, she had written, “You and Kristil deserve a special Christmas. Use this to make some memories. Remember, tough times don’t last, but tough people do. You’re one of them.” Tears welled up in my eyes as I realized the depth of her kindness and the belief she had in me. This unexpected gift was not just financial aid; it was a vote of confidence and a reminder that even in the darkest moments, there are people who care. Para 2: On Christmas Eve, I decided to pass on the goodwill. I took Kristil to the local toy store and explained to her how Esther’s generosity had touched our lives. Together, we carefully selected toys for children at the local orphanage, ensuring that each gift was wrapped beautifully with love. We also picked up a few extra groceries and warm clothing to donate. As we left the store, Kristil’s eyes sparkled with joy, and I knew that in giving, she had found her own sense of purpose and happiness. Later, when we visited the orphanage to deliver the gifts, the children’s smiles and excitement were contagious. It was a magical moment, one that I will always cherish. That Christmas Eve, I learned that the true spirit of giving lies not in receiving but in being able to make a difference in someone else’s life. And with Esther’s help, we had done just that. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者圣诞节前两周，丢了工作，家庭面对经济危机。然而老教授埃丝特·赫弗南却用行动化解了危机，让作者感受到了温暖。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当我打开她的卡片时，百元大钞掉到了桌上”可知，第一段可描写作者看到钱的反应以及感受。 ②由第二段首句内容“在平安夜，我决定传递善意”可知，第二段可描写作者开始做好事来传递善举。 2.续写线索：看到很多钱——感到惊讶——收到祝福——作者感动——传递善举——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①珍惜：cherish/value ②关心：care/concern ③记住：remember/keep in mind 情绪类 ①感激：gratitude/thankfulness ②艰难：tough /difficult 【点睛】[高分句型1] My eyes widened in surprise as I counted them. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] As we left the store, Kristil’s eyes sparkled with joy, and I knew that in giving, she had found her own sense of purpose and happiness. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$