内容正文:
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话题十二 灾害防范
教材单元链接
册次 对应教材单元 功能
八年级(下) Unit5 Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame? 谈论难忘的事
适当形式
1.[人教八(下)U5P35]Benwashelpinghismommake
dinnerwhentherainbegantobeat heavily
(heavy)againstthewindows.
2.[人教八(下)U5P35]Falentrees, broken
(break)windowsandrubbishwereeverywhere.
3.[冀教八(下)U7P100]Theearthisaveryspecial
planet,andit faces (face)abigproblem.
4.[冀教九(全)U3P42]Anearthquakeisdangerous,
buttherearethingsyoucandotoprotect
yourself (you).
5.[沪教七(下)U4P54]Many living (live)things
losetheirhomesbecauseofdeforestation.
6.Thiskindofpredicationsystem wilgreatly
increasethe chances (chance) of
survival.
7.After listening (listen)tothefirealarm,
everyoneshouldleavethehousequickly.
8.Manytsunamis(海啸)are less (litle)
than10feethigh,buttheyaredangerousno
materwhattheirheight.
完成句子
1.[2023恩施州改编]外面正在刮大风,你最好待在家里。
Thewindis isblowing outside,soyoud
beterstayathome.
2.每天都有成千上万的物资被捐往灾区,以防止
物资耗尽。
Thousandsofsuppliesaredonatedtothedisaster
areaeverydaytopreventthemfrom running
out .
3.我们的政府给遭遇洪水的人们捐赠了许多东西。
Ourgovernment gaveaway alotofthings
tothosepeoplewhosuferedfromtheflood.
4.如果你被冰雹困在外面,尽你最大的努力躲到
附近的建筑物里面。
Ifyouaretrappedoutsidebyhail, tryyour
best tohideinsidenearbybuildings.
5.待在原地等待风暴过去,然后再试着去另一个
地方。
Staywhereyouareand waitfor thestorm
topassbeforeyoutrytomovetoanotherplace.
6.在接下来的几天里,火山喷出的烟雾和火山灰
覆盖了这座城市的大部分地区。
Inthe folowingdays ,smokeandashfrom
thevolcanocoveredmostofthecity.
7.大火通常持续很长时间,对环境和人都不好。
Bigfireusualylastsforalongtimeanditsnot
goodfor theenvironmentandpeople.
8.在中国,许多地方夏天经常有暴雨和洪灾。
ManyplacesofChinaoftenhaverainstormsand
floodwaters insummer.
方框选词
calm you easy rain close
happen save own
1.[2023大连改编]Wedecided tostayathome
becauseitwas raining heavily.
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2.[人教八(下)U5P35]Althoughthestormbrokemany
thingsapart,itbroughtfamiliesandneighbors
closer together.
3.Tsunamis(海啸)can easily causecarsto
float,knockpeopleof,anddestroybuildingsin
theirpath.
4.Whentheresafire,youshouldmake yourself
closetothefloorandtrytogetoutoftheroom
quickly.
5.Incaseoftheearthquake,weshouldkeep
calm andgotoanopenarearightaway.
6.Thehomesweresobadlydamagedthattheir
owners mustleavethem.
7.Manypeopleweresuccessfuly saved by
rescue workersand the welfare (福 利)
departmentbroughtthemfoodandclothes.
8.Whileyoucantstopdisastersfrom happening ,
youcanstaysafeduringoneifyouknowwhatto
do.
Ⅰ.完形填空(第一节)
地震中确保房屋安全
Itissadbuttruethatpeopledieinearthquakes
from faling furniture and bricks(砖 块 ).
Earthquakesafetyisveryimportantandthereis
moretoitthanjustkeepingbuildings 1 faling
down.Soifyourhomeisinanearthquakearea,
youshouldknow 2 andgetreadybeforethe
earthquakecomes.
First,makesureyoubuyahousewhichis
earthquakeproof(抗震的).Alpipes(管)should
befixedtothewals, 3 alwalsshouldbe
especialythickandstrong.Youalsohavetomake
surethattherearebolts(螺栓)underneathyour
house.Theyareoneofthemostimportantwaysof
protecting 4 house.Makesurethebuildinghas
nobrokenwindowsandiswel 5 .
Second,lookattheobjectsinyourhouse.
Thoseinthelivingroom,whicharethemostlikely
tohurt 6 ,arecomputers,televisionsand
lamps.Theycanbetiedtotablesorstucktothem
sotheywont 7 movearound.Thekitchenmust
havestrongdoorsonalthecupboards.Thisisthe
placewheremanysmalthingsstoredthatmight
faldown.Windowsareaspecialproblem.
Whentheybreak,glasscan 8 many
accidents.Try 9 safetyglassifyoucan,
especialyforpictures.
Alwaysremember:“Itis 10 tobesafe
thansory.”
1.A.of B.in C.from D.with
2.A.wherecanyougo B.whatcanyoudo
C.whereyoucango D.whatyoucando
3.A.so B.and C.or D.but
4.A.a B.an C./ D.the
5.A.repaired B.repairing
C.repairs D.repair
6.A.we B.us C.our D.ours
7.A.quickly B.quick
C.easy D.easily
8.A.causing B.causes
C.cause D.caused
9.A.touse B.using
C.use D.uses
10.A.good B.beter
C.best D.wel
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Ⅱ.阅读理解
A一般选择型
野火的危害
As climate change gets worse, global
temperaturesincrease,andsodoestheriskof
wildfire.ArecentreportfromtheUnitedNations
showsthatwildfireisbecomingmorecommonand
severe.Wildfirehascausedmanyproblemsacross
countries.Thefiredestroyshomesandbusinesses,
takeslivesandalsodamagestheenvironment.
AwildfireinNewMexico,astateinthe
southwesternUS,burnedfornearlytwomonthsin
2022,damagingmorethan1,275km2ofland— an
areaaboutthesizeofthecityofLosAngeles.
Wildfirehascreatedseasonalpolution in the
northwesternUS.Between2002and2018,carbon
monoxide(一氧化碳)levelsincreasedeveryyear
forthemonthofAugustinthearea.
In2019and2020,Australianwildfirefiled
theairwithdeadlycloudsofsmokeandkiled
thousandsofkoalas.Around437,000peoplehadto
takeinairwithaPM2.5concentration(浓度)of
atleast25mg/cm3ofair.Thatsmorethanthe15
mg/cm3ofairthattheWorldHealthOrganization
(WHO)considersacceptable.
Inthelast10years,thetotalnumberofforest
fireinChinaeveryyearhasincreasedtomorethan
2,000cases.Wildfireleadstogreatlossof
animals,forestsandpeople.Whatsworse,some
animalsbecomeendangeredandsomepeoplehave
tomovetootherplacestolive.GreaterHinggan
Mountains(大兴安岭)isoneoftheimportant
forestryplacesinChina.Thegovernmentuses
mountainwatchtowers,forestcamerasandaerial
drones(空中无人机)topreventforestfirein
summer.
1.AwildfireinNewMexicoburned a .
A.forovertwomonths
B.over1,275km2ofland
C.thecityofLosAngeles
D.astateinthenorthwesternUS
2.全国创新考法·序号组合 Whatareusedto
preventfireintheGreaterHingganMountains?
a
a.Mountainwatchtowers.b.Forestcameras.
c.Airplanes. d.Aerialdrones.
A.abc B.bcd
C.abd D.acd
3.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext? a
A.DiferentWaystoAvoidWildfire
B.AchievementsMadebyFiremen
C.ProblemsCausedbyWildfire
D.FormsofWildfire
B七选五还原句子型[2022陕西]
龙卷风
Every year in the
U.S.thereareabout500
tornadoes,anaturaldisaster
(灾害;灾难),fromTexas
throughOklahoma,Kansas,
Nebraska,Iowaandinto
SouthDakota. 1 .
The“tornadoseason”isusualyinspring,but
thepeopleinTornadoAleyarealwaysreadyfor
themandtheyalwayslistentothenews.Whenthe
warningscome, 2 .Theyfindsomewheresafe
tostay.Athome,thebestplaceisthebasement—
aroomthatisusedtostorethingsunderthelevelof
theground.Ifthereisnobasement,aroomwithout
windowslikethebathroomisalsoasafeplace.
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“ 3 sothatwecangetreadyandwontfeel
afraidwhentheresatornado,”saysTifanyTaylor,
ahighschoolstudentfrom Texas.“Theresno
basementatmyschool,soweusualygotothe
halwaysonthelowestfloors.Ofcourse,wenever
sitnearthewindows.”
Afterthetornado,peoplefirstchecktoseeifit
issafetogooutandthentheycheckthebuildings
andtheareafordamage(破坏). 4 !
InChina,wearenotsooftentroubledby
tornadoes, but we do have disasters like
earthquakes,oranunexpectedfire.Itisimportant
toknow how tokeepussafewhenadisaster
happens.Remember:inordertostaysafeinnatural
disasters, 5 .Forexample,wedbeterkeep
disasterplansinmindandpracticeoften.
A.peoplefolowtheirdisasterplans
B.Andusualythereisalotofdamage
C.Thisisbecausetherearealotoftornadoes
D.Atschool,weoftenhavepractice
E.peoplerunoutoftheirhomeswithfear
F.weshouldgetwelprepared
G.Thatswhythisareaiscaled“TornadoAley”
Ⅲ.短文填空
土耳其大地震
they make power keep report
building people be normal strong
In the early hoursofFebruary6th, a
1. earthquakerockedTurkey.Ithas
beenthe2. onetohitthecountryinover
80years.Theearthquakewasstrongenoughtobefelt
inothercountries,includingGreeceandEgypt.
Theearthquakewas3. tohavea
magnitude(震级)of7.8.Thatsverypowerful.
Later,theareawashitbyover130aftershocks.
Aftershocksare4. smalerquakesthat
folowalargeearthquake.Butinthiscase,manyof
theaftershockshavealsobeenverystrong.Onehad
amagnitudeof7.5.
The earthquake and itsaftershocks have
destroyedlargenumbersof5. in
severalcitiesinTurkey.Thefalenbuildingshave
ledtohugenumbersofdeathsand injuries.
TurkeysgovernmentsaidonFebruary10thatleast
17,000peoplehadbeenkiledandover72,000
injured.Thosenumbers6. expectedto
riseasrescueworkprogresses.
Thousandsofrescueworkersarenowtryingto
findandsave7. lives.Thegovernment
saysithassentoutmorethan53,000rescueworkers
and logisticssupportstaf. Over60 diferent
countrieshaveoferedhelp.Theearthquakeandits
aftershockshavedamagedroads.Thegovernment
hasaskedpeopleto8. theroadsclear
forthem.Butevenso,manyroadsarestil
jammedwithpeopletryingtogetawayfrom
aftershocks.
Theweatherisalsocausingproblems.Beforethe
earthquake,theareawaspreparingforaheavysnow
storm.Now,snowandrainare9. rescue
efortsmoredificult.Theweatherisalsocreating
bad conditions for those who have lost
10. homes.Thegoodnewsisthatmany
localmosques(清真寺)haveopenedtohousethem.
———素材选自《学英语报》
Ⅳ.任务型阅读
美国建造牡蛎墙抵御洪水
According to oficialreports, every 100
minutes,thewetlands(湿地)intheUSstateof
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Louisianaarelosinganareaasbigasafootbal
field.Thishasgreatlyreducedthewetlandsflood
protectionfunction.
“Everystormseason,wearelikelytolose,”
saidKimReyherofawetlandprotectiongroupin
thecityofNewOrleans.“Thelandisslowly
sinking;thewaterisslowlycomingup.Sowecant
justsithereandexpectthingstogetbeterwithout
takingaction.”
Somerestaurantsinthecitythinktheiroyster
shels(牡蛎壳)canhelp.“Myrestauranthas
recycledover700tonsofoystershels,” said
DickieBrennan,alocalrestaurantowner.“The
mostinterestingthingisthateveryoysterthatwe
caughtthereisputbackthere.Theresnowaste.”
Theshelsarebeingbroughttothewetlands.
Theyreputagainstthebanktoform aliving,
growing“wal”.Theyrehelpingtoprotectthecity.
“Theoystershelsthatweputintothewater
areactualygoingtoatractthosebabyoysters,”
saidanothermemberofthewetlandprotection
group.“Theywilliveontheshelsandthats
wheretheywilgrow.Theshelsalsoatractother
animals.Forexample,fishandbirdsaregoingto
feedonthem.Sothe“wal”createsabeautiful
ecosystem.
———素材选自《学英语报》
1.Howmanywetlandsarelosinginthestateof
Louisianaevery100minutes?
Thewetlandsarelosinganareaasbigasa
.
2.Whatcanfloodcause?
Itcancausethelandtosinkandthewaterto
slowly.
3.Whohelpstorecycleoystershels?
Some inthecityhelp
torecycleoystershels.
4.WhichEnglishwordinthepassagemeans“功
能”?
Its“ ”.
5.Whattitlecanyoumakeforthispassageinno
morethaneightwordsusing“oystershels,
controlflood”?
Thetitlecanbe“
”.
Ⅴ.补全对话
A:Hi,YanXu.Youlooksad.1. Whatswrong/
Whatsthemater/Whathappened/... ?
B:MypenpalinTurkeylosthishomebecauseof
theearthquake.Andhisparentsgothurtin
hospital.
A:2. Imsorrytohearthat .Whodoeshe
livewithnow?
B:Heliveswithhisuncle.Hemustlookafterhis
parentsinthehospitaleveryday.
A:Oh.3. Howdoeshegotothehospital ?
B:Hewalkstothehospital.Andittakeshimhalf
anhourtogettothehospitalonfoot.
A:Thatstoobad.Hemustbeverysadandtired.
4. Whatcanwedotohelphim ?
B:Iwrotetoencouragehim.AndIlgivemy
pocketmoneytohelphim.Butitworksalitle.
A:Dontwory.EverythingwilbeOK.
B:Ithinkso.Thankyou.
A:5. Youarewelcome .
Ⅵ.书面表达
近年来台风频发,许多人因此受伤甚至失去
生命。作为中学生,我们应该有自我保护的意
识。请根据以下思维导图,按要求用英语写一篇
97
短文,介绍台风并说明在台风来临时应该如何保
护自己。
参考词汇:falon,blowaway,stayathome,
immediately,爥
要求:1.短文必须包括所给要点,选择使用参考
词汇,可适当发挥;
2.语句通顺,意思连贯,书写工整;
3.文中不得出现你的任何真实信息(姓名、
校名和地名等);
4.词数:不少于70。(开头已给出,但不计
入总词数。)
Atyphoonisakindofdangerouswind.
【典例剖析】
为了让同学们更好地了解地震的相关知识,学校开展了地震自救知识征文活动。请根据以下思
维导图,按要求用英语写一篇短文,介绍地震来临时的保护措施。
!"#$%
&'()
*+
*,
Don
,
t jump out of tall buildings.
Stay away from windows and heavy
furniture.
...
Don
,
t stand near street lights or
under electric lines.
Stay away from bridges and trees.
...
人称:第一人称
时态:一般现在时
文体:说明文
主题:地震来临时如何自救
参考词汇:becarefulof,keepcool,爥
要求:1.参考提示内容,选择使用参考词汇,可适当发挥;
2.语句通顺,意思连贯,书写工整;
3.文中不得出现你的任何真实信息(姓名、校名和地名等);
4.词数:不少于70。(开头已给出,但不计入总词数。)
WhattoDoinAnEarthquake
Earthquakesoftenhappensuddenly,soitsdificulttowarnpeopleaboutthem.Mostpeoplehave
litleornochancetoprepareforanearthquake,soheressomeadviceaboutwhattodo.
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衔接成篇 润色升华
WhattoDoinAnEarthquake
Earthquakesoftenhappensuddenly,soitsdificulttowarnpeople
aboutthem.Mostpeoplehavelitleornochancetoprepareforan
earthquake,soheressomeadviceaboutwhattodo.
Ifyouareinside,dontjumpoutoftalbuildings.Stayawayfrom
windowsandheavyfurniture.①Leavethebuildingquicklywhenthe
groundstopsshaking.Dontusethelift.Keepcoolandtrytohelpothers
ifpossible.
Ifyouareoutside,moveawayfrombuildings.②Dontstandnear
streetlights.Anddontstandunderelectriclines.Stayawayfrom
bridgesandtrees.Inthemountains,becarefuloffalingrocks.Onthe
beach,runawayfromtheseaandmovequicklytohigherground.
③Aboveal,itsimportanttothinkaboutwhatyoulearntinschool
andtrytoprotectyourself.
①尝试用“as爥as”改写:
②尝试用“or”连接两个句子:
③尝试用“asfarasIamconcerned”
“tryonesbest”改写:
【即时训练】
A.句式升阶
1.Firemenhavemadegreatprogressinrescuing.
Itsamazing.(用“Its+adj.+that爥”改写)
2.CouldyoutelmewhatIcandowhenthereisa
storm?(用“疑问词+动词不定式”改写)
3.Whendidthefloodbreakout?Iwanttoknow.
(用宾语从句改写)
4.Thesnowistooheavyforyoutogoonthestreet.
(用“so爥that爥”改写)
B.实战演练
(一)
在日常生活中,火灾已成为一种多发性灾害。
为了自己和他人的安全,我们应该知道一些逃生自
99
救的常识。请根据以下图片和要求,以“Howto
ProtectYourselfinAFire”为题,写一篇英语短文。
参考词汇:lift,gas,light,cover,jump,calm,爥
要求:1.参考提示内容,选择使用参考词汇,可适
当发挥;
2.语句通顺,意思连贯,书写工整;
3.文中不得出现你的任何真实信息(姓名、
校名和地名等);
4.词数:不少于70。(开头已给出,但不计
入总词数。)
HowtoProtectYourselfinAFire
Recently,thefiredisasterhasbeenfrequently
reportedonTV.
(二)
在连续两天的大雨之后,上周一早上发生了一
场山崩。请你根据下面思维导图的提示,以“A
Landslide(山崩)”为题,按要求用英语写一篇短文。
A Landslide
Before the landslide:
!"##$%,''()*+,
,-.。01!"##234
5,678。
During the landslide:
9:8;<=,!>?@AB,
CDE8F,GHI>……
After the landslide:
KLMN)*%O,PQ9:R
SF,HTUVWX"YZ。!
>-[\。
参考词汇:comeback,runaway,washaway,inal
directions,爥
要求:1.参考提示内容,选择使用参考词汇,可适
当发挥;
2.语句通顺,意思连贯,书写工整;
3.文中不得出现你的任何真实信息(姓名、
校名和地名等);
4.词数:不少于70。(开头已给出,但不计
入总词数。)
ALandslide
LastMondaymorning,aftertwodaysheavy
rain,alandslidehitourhometown.
话题十二
灾害防范
“progresses”可知,句子时态为一般现在时,且主语
【词汇情境练·小题夯基】
“Those numbers”是复数,故用are.
适当形式
7.people's【解析】句意:成千上万的救援人员正在努力寻
f 5.living
找和拯救
1. heavily 2. broken 3. faces 4. yourself
___生命。根据句意及备选词可知,people
6. chances 7. listening 8. less
符合语境,此处应用名词所有格形式修饰空后的名词。
完成句子
8.kcep【解析】句意:政府要求人们为他们
道路
1. blowing strongly 2. running out 3. gave away
畅通。根据句意及备选词可知,keep符合语境,asksb.to
4. try your best 5. wait for 6. following days 7. good for
dosth.要求某人做某事,为固定搭配。
8. floodwaters
9.making 【解析】句意:现在,雨雪天气 救援工作
方框选词
更加困难,根据句意及备选词可知,make符合语境:空
1. raining 2. closer 3. easily 4. yourself 5. calm
前有助动词are,此处应是现在进行时,应用动词的现在
6. owners 7. saved 8. happening
分词形式。
10.their【解析】句意:天气也为那些失去。
【语篇素养练·综合提升】
家园的
I.1.C 2. D 3. B 4.A 5.A 6. B 7. D 8.C 9.A
人制造了恶劣的条件。根据句意及备选词可知,they符
10.B
合语境,此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰空后的名词。
II.A 1.B 2.C 3.C
IV. 1. football field 2. come up 3. restaurants 4. function
B 1.G 2.A 3.D 4. B 5.F
5. Oyster Shells
A Tool to Control Flood/Oyster
II.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了土耳其大
Shells -A Useful Tool to Control Flood/...
地震及其带来的影响。
V.I. What's wrong/What's the mater/What happened/..
1.powerful【解析】句意;2月6日凌晨,土耳其发生了一场
2. Im sorry to hear that
地震。根据句意及备选词可知,power符合语
3. How does he go to the hospital
境,此处应用形容词修饰空后的名词。
4. What can we do to help him 5. You are welcome
2.strongest 【解析】句意:这是该国80多年来道遇的
___地震。根据句意及备选词可知,strong符合语境,空
A typhoon is a kind of dangerous wind. When there is a
前有the,空后有比较范围“inover80years”,应用形容词
typhoon, heavy objects may fallon cars in the street. It may
最高级。
blow away the flower pots outside people's flats. Big waves
3. reported 【解析】句意:据
,这次地震的震级为
in the sea may sink ships and boats. So we must be careful
7.8级。根据句意及备选词可知,report符合语境,主语
with typhoon. We should close the windows when a typhoon
“earthquake”与谓语动词“report”之间是动宾关系,空前
comes. We'd better stay at home. Drivers should park their
有助动词was,此处为一般过去时的被动语态,应填动词
cars in the car parks. Ships and boats should come back to
的过去分词形式
the harbor immediately.
4. normally 【解析】句意:余震
是在大地震之后发
【话题练写作·高效提分】
生的较小的地震。根据句意及备选词可知,normal符合
典例剖析
语境,此处应用副词修饰空前的系动词。
①Leave the building as quickly as you can when the ground
5.buildings 【解析】句意:地震及其余震摧毁了土耳其几个
stops shaking.
城市的大量
。根据句意及备选词可知,building符
②Don't stand near street lights or under electric lines.
合语境,空前有largenumbersof,此处应用名词的复数形式。
③As far as I am concerned, think about what you learnt in
6.are【解析】句意:随着救援工作的进行,这些数字预计还
school and try your best to protect yourself.
会上涨。根据句意及备选词可知,be符合语境,根据空后
即时练
30
A. 1. It's amazing that firemen have made great progress in
rescuing.
2. Could you tell me what to do when there is a storm?
3. I want to know when the flood broke out.
4. The snow is so heavy that you can't go on the street
B.
(一)
How to Protect Yourself in A Fire
Recently, the fire disaster has been frequently reported
on TV. So, our school thinks it is necessary to teach
students how to protect themselves in a fire. And here
comes the methods.
First, you should keep calm. It is very important to
keep your head clear. Second. you should cut off the
electricity in the house in case you could get hurt by it.
Third. you should turn off the gas and lights. Fourth, you
should cover your mouth and nose with a towel or mask, wet
your clothes, bend down and move forward in a low
position. Fifth, remember not to jump off a window or take
the lift. Sixth, you can also call 11o for help. Finally. you
should try your best to get out there.
These are our school's methods. I think these methods
are very useful.
,
(二)
A Landslide
Last Monday morning, after two days' heavy rain, a
landslide hit our hometown.
I was at home with my mother on that day. When my
father came back in the afternoon, it was raining heavily.
He asked us to leave quickly with umbrellas. Just then, the
house started to shake. We were very frightened and ran
away quickly. On the way out, I saw water washing away
many things. People were running in all directions and
houses were falling down.
The following morning, we went back. We found tha
there was no house at all. There were only pieces of glass
and bricks everywhere. We felt very sad.
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