专题06 谓语动词 一般过去时-十年（2015-2024）高考英语语法填空真题与最新模考试题汇编

十年（2015-2024）高考英语 语法填空真题与最新模考试题汇编 专题06 谓语动词 – 一般过去时（原卷版） Part 1 考点分类+考频统计 题源 考点 考频 专项 考频 2014-2024年历年真题55篇 谓语动词 123 一般过去时 53 现在完成时 16 一般现在时 26 被动语态 28 Part 2 十年真题 1. [2024年甲卷] They ____44____(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 2. [2024年全国II卷] Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. 3. [2024年全国II卷]Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 4. [2024年北京卷] On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. 5. [2024年北京卷] My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. 6. [2023年新课标全国Ⅱ卷] As a little girl, I ___10__ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 7. [2023年全国乙卷] Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I 7.______ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage（遗产）while constantly growing. 8. [2023年北京卷] Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 1 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 2 exactly on time. 9. [2023年浙江省1月] Citizens of higher social classes 4 (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. 10. [2023年浙江省1月] The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 5 (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). 11. [2022年全国乙卷] The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___3___ (address) the opening ceremony. 12. [2022年新高考I卷] The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___3___ (be)previously unprotected 13. [2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷] He quickly ___8___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 14. [2022年北京卷] Eventually, the man ____3____ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 15. [2022年浙江卷 6月] When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ____8____ (notice)her smile right away. ” 16. [2021年全国甲卷] It 1_____(build) originally to protect the city 2_____ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 17. [2021年全国甲卷] We 6_____ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. 18. [2021年新高考Ⅰ卷] You can't help wondering how hard it ___6____ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 19. [2021年新高考全国II卷] One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____8____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 20. [2021年浙江卷1月] In cities, however, the gain 6 (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. 21. [2021年浙江卷6月] Mary's niece wrote, "The little home __5___ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. 22. [2021年浙江卷6月] After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and __10_ (sell) most of their furniture. 23. [2020年全国I卷] The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess — 1 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin 24. [2020年全国III卷] When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 6 (point) down the river. 25. [2020年全国新高考Ⅰ卷] The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 3 （form）the core collection of the British Museum 4 opened in 1759. 26. [2020年北京卷] The Neanderthals 9 （live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. 27. [2020年浙江卷1月] The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950 1 (be)30-today it is 41 and is expected 2 (increase)to 42 by 2050. 28. [2020年浙江卷6月] And，as more children were born，more food 4 （need）. 29. [2020年浙江卷6月] New methods 10 （mean）that fewer people worked in farming. 30. [2019年全国II卷] Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene 4 （declare） she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 31. [2019年全国III卷] Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 5 （recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. 32. [2019年全国III卷] On the last day of our week-long stay，we 9 （invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars 33. [2019年北京卷] I 1 （voice）my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” 34. [2019年北京卷] Research on the question 7 （suggest）that，for most students，it doesn't. 35. [2019年浙江卷1月] Caffeine 2 (be) in your first Coke. 36. [2019年浙江卷6月] One study in America found that students' grades ____7___ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. 37. [2018年全国II卷]The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 8 (start) a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers 38. [2018年全国III卷]True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 9 (mean)me no real harm. 39. [2018年浙江卷6月]I 5 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 40. [2017年全国II卷]Steam engines 5 (use) to pull the carriages and However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success. 41. [2017年全国II卷]Later, engineers 8 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. 42. [2017年全国III卷] Sarah 3 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. 43. [2017年浙江卷] She suspected that one of her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six — had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband 7 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. 44. [2016年全国I卷] I 2 (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. 45. [2016年全国III卷] Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 9 (be) too violent for use at the table. 46. [2016年四川卷] Then, after two and a half years, the mother 9 (drive) the young panda away. 47. [2015年全国I卷]It was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. 48. [2015年广东卷] He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 4 (leave)． 49. [2015年广东卷] While making great efforts to run away，she 6 (fall) over the hill and died. 50. [2014年全国I卷]It 1 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 51. [2014年全国II卷]A boy on a bike 5 (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. 52. [2014年全国II卷]Then the driver stood up and asked,“ 8 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” 53. [2014年广东卷] We 3 （tell）that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, but for the week after. Part 3 最新模拟题 1. [杭州二中钱江学校]Yet a few committed foreigners have made it, who ____44____(inspire) to bring Jianbing to a hungry audience after their first taste in China back in the 1980s. 2. [浙江省北斗星盟高三适应性考试]Zhou Enlai, the first Premier of China, was so taken with Kweichou Maotai, a sauce scent-style baijiu, that it ____60____ (name) China’s National Liquor, necessary at state dinners. 3. [湘豫名校高三一轮复习诊断考试(三)]The target of yielding 1,200 kilograms per mu of hybrid rice ___44___ (propose)by Yuan back in 2018 and the related research was conducted in the same year. 4. [2024年江苏省无锡市四校12月学情调研英语]And at the heritage small stage, the audience _____61_____ (treat) to a series of amazing traditional performances including crosstalk, face changing of Sichuan opera and wrestling.  5. [华大新高考联盟2024届高三11月教学质量测评] I ____41____ (bear) here and moved away to Guildford later, but Canterbury is one of the most beautiful, popular and historic cities in England. 6. [2024年云学名校联盟高一年级３月联考]Some people actually believe Sun Tzu did not live and that he ___61___ (be) just a myth, to begin with. 7. [名校学术联盟•高考模拟信息卷&押题卷]Early in the Tang Dynasty, the tea trade between Pu’er and other areas already ____38____ (begin). 8. [华大新高考联盟2024届高三4月教学质量测评]Each model of Cargobike we sell ____41____(have) its own set of accessories(配件)to suit you. 9. [2024·湖北·二模]In October of the same year, Fanjing 97 (add) to China’s tentative (试验性的) list of national natural heritage. 10. [2024·湖南衡阳·一模]Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China 110 (add) to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2022. 11. [2024·湖南长沙·一模]The program 142 (carry)out during last year’s International Copyright Forum, which was held in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province. 12. [22-23高三上·安徽·阶段练习]Historians aren’t sure when people first 168 (discover) the concept of pi 13. [2024·四川绵阳·一模]Produced by Light Chaser Animation, a Beijing-based animated studio known for its focus on tales inspired by traditional culture and mythology, the film 185 (release) nationwide this past summer. 14. [2024·四川绵阳·二模]By eating this kind of ear-like food, people’s ears 197 (cure). 15. [2022·广西南宁·二模]In fact, the technique 216 (list) as part of China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2017, after it was recovered by Zhang Zhifeng. 16. [23-24高三上·安徽合肥·阶段练习]She 238 (force) to resign from Pennsylvania University and went from one low-paying research job to another and even slept in her office at times. But she never gave up. Part 4 短文语法填空 · 真题 + 模拟题 【2022年北京卷 】 A Helen was walking down the street late ____1____ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ____2____ (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man ____3____ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! B Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly ____4____ (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine ____5____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally ____6____ (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. C Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____7____ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____8____ are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even ____9____ (bad). The use of those plastics ____10____ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 【2022年浙江卷 1月】 Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___1___ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ____2____（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others ____3____ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ____4____（change） their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, _____5_____（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists ___6____ （promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ___7___ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___8___ time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the ____9____ （invite）. That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans _____10____（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change." 【2022年浙江卷 6月】 To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting ____1____ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ____2____ (do). John Olson, a former ____3____ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ____4____ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their ____5____ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ____6___ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly ____7___ age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ____8____ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means ___9___ (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it _____10_____ to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.”【2024届山东省实验中学高三下学期一模英语试题】 The term “Erbin”, a, nickname of Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, known for its ice and snow festival, 36 (gain) popularity across China recently. Many tourism officials are using techniques to promote cultural tourism, 37   (leave) netizens screaming in amusement. Shifting from online hype (炒作) to offline engagement, tourism authorities in other provinces also compete 38 tourists. The essence of this “fancy rat-race” lies in 39 fact that various regional cultural tourism initiatives 40 (target) at the Spring Festival tourist boom, using hype to attract tourists and boost the local economies. But to attract more tourists, 41 seems unwise is to rely merely on publicity and luxury strategies. Cities and tourist spots should focus on three factors to attract more tourists. First, they need to build better roads to scenic spots and tourist service platforms, 42 set proper traffic signs. Second, they should provide related supporting services to enhance 43 (tourist) experience. For that, the tourist spots and cities need to 44 (far) develop tourist attractions and supporting facilities. It is also important 45 (tell) convincing local cultural stories. Tourism authorities should, therefore, focus on promoting local cuisine, natural resources and personalities. 【2024届江苏省泰州市高三下学期调研测试（一模）英语试题】 The traditional Chinese painting is 36 (fundamental) an abstract art form. Objects in Chinese paintings are a less direct copy of the natural world, 37 comparison to Western paintings. Actually, the Chinese painting aims to demonstrate a 38 (harmony) relation between the natural world and human emotion. What Chinese painters would like to produce in their paintings is not a visual effect of colors and patterns that Western painters tend 39 (achieve). The description of objects in Chinese paintings is by no means accurate because few painters 40 (concern) about their exact size or shape. What they want to seek is a spiritual world in their mind 41 nature provides exactly basic elements. This is how Chinese painters view nature. Remote mountains and running streams 42 (be) the primary materials of their thinking and creating since ancient times. Chinese artists often say that the artists first need to have a thorough and deep understanding of the natural 43 (exist) before drawing. With a long history of China, generations of Chinese painters express thoughts on the material world through this unique art form and leave a valuable treasure to the Chinese. Nowadays, the Chinese painting, as 44 important part of global culture, has become increasingly attractive across the world, 45 (enjoy) great popularity at home and abroad.   【2024届河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语试题】 China’s conventional tea-making techniques and their social practices have successfully been included in the UNESCO’s world intangible culture heritage list. “Stove boiled tea”,   36 new way of drinking tea, has been popular in China. The process of drinking tea has a sense of ritual (仪式), and so far the ceremony 37    (become) a new favorite of young people. Usually, the process of boiling tea on a stove 38 (consist) of lightly roasting tea leaves before making tea, sometimes with rosebuds (玫瑰花蕾), in a pot over a stove. The art of boiling tea is a time-consuming process, 39 requires constant attention to the temperature in order to properly “cook” it. People sit around the stove and have snacks such as fruits, nuts and desserts with their hot tea. It’s a pleasure to chat with friends while having this new style of tea. People also post their moments of stove boiled tea while wearing 40 (tradition) Hanfu in these ancient teahouses. Similar to other trending 41 (lifestyle) such as cycling and camping, “stove-boiled tea” reflects young people’s desire to escape from cities to get close to nature and experience a peaceful mind. It’s 42 (absolute) relaxing to drink hot tea, feel the winter breeze, and chat with best friends. “Stove boiled tea” is a popular way 43 (integrate) Chinese culture elements into people’s daily lives. You may have heard of cafe latte (拿铁咖啡), 44   have you ever heard of a similar art in a cup of tea? Apart from the “stove-boiled tea”, Dian Cha is also a tea art from the Song dynasty. During the Dian Cha making process, the froth (泡沫) and the tea paste act like paper and ink, 45 (allow) artists to create delicate patterns. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 十年（2015-2024）高考英语 语法填空真题与最新模考试题汇编 专题06 谓语动词 – 一般过去时（解析版） Part 1 考点分类+考频统计 题源 考点 考频 专项 考频 2014-2024年历年真题55篇 谓语动词 123 一般过去时 53 现在完成时 16 一般现在时 26 被动语态 28 Part 2 十年真题 1. [2024年甲卷] They ____44____(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 【答案】were 【解析】句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 2. [2024年全国II卷] Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. 【答案】 were 【解析】句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 3. [2024年全国II卷]Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 【答案】 was built 【解析】句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 4. [2024年北京卷] On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. 【答案】was named 【解析】句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood是单数，be动词使用was。故填was named。 5. [2024年北京卷] My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. 【答案】 jogged 【解析】句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。 6. [2023年新课标全国Ⅱ卷] As a little girl, I ___10__ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 【答案】wished 【解析】句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。文体句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。 7. [2023年全国乙卷] Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I 7.______ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage（遗产）while constantly growing. 【答案】was amazed 【解析】句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 8. [2023年北京卷] Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 1 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 2 exactly on time. 【答案】threw 【解析】句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填threw。 9. [2023年浙江省1月] Citizens of higher social classes 4 (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. 10. [2023年浙江省1月] The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 5 (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). 【答案】4. were permitted 5．featured 【解析】4. 句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。文体句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。故填were permitted。 5．考查谓语动词-时态-一般过去时。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。文体句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。故填featured。 11. [2022年全国乙卷] The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___3___ (address) the opening ceremony. 【答案】addressed 【解析】句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。文体句意可知，本句是陈述过去事情，所以用一般过去时。故填addressed。 12. [2022年新高考I卷] The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___3___ (be)previously unprotected 【答案】were 【解析】句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。文体句子可知，空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语要用复数形式。故填were。 13. [2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷] He quickly ___8___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 【答案】threw 【解析】句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并列结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。 14. [2022年北京卷] Eventually, the man ____3____ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 【答案】caught 【解析】句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。 15. [2022年浙江卷 6月] When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ____8____ (notice)her smile right away. ” 【答案】noticed 【解析】句意：当他触摸到莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的3D版《蒙娜丽莎》时，他立刻注意到了她的微笑。根据“he felt”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。 16. [2021年全国甲卷] It 1_____(build) originally to protect the city 2_____ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 【答案】was built 【解析】句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。build和主语it之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，应用一般过去时。故填was built。 17. [2021年全国甲卷] We 6_____ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. 【答案】hired 【解析】句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。根据语境可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填hired。 18. [2021年新高考Ⅰ卷] You can't help wondering how hard it ___6____ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 【答案】was 【解析】句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难。文体句子可知，“how hard it 61 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wonder的宾语，it是从句的形式主语，不定式为真正主语，谓语动词用单数形式，“安置台阶的石头”是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填was。 19. [2021年新高考全国II卷] One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____8____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 【答案】was 【解析】句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。 20. [2021年浙江卷1月] In cities, however, the gain 6 (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. 【答案】was 【解析】句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。文体句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。 21. [2021年浙江卷6月] Mary's niece wrote, "The little home __5___ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. 【答案】5．was painted 【解析】句意：这个小房子被粉刷成了白色。文体句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被粉刷”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。 22. [2021年浙江卷6月] After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and __10_ (sell) most of their furniture. 【答案】10．sold 【解析】句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们把房子租了出去，卖掉了大部分家具。文体句子成分可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示词sell的过去式是sold。故填sold。 23. [2020年全国I卷] The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess — 1 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin 【答案】touched 【解析】句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。 24. [2020年全国III卷] When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 6 (point) down the river. 【答案】pointed 【解析】句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。 25. [2020年全国新高考Ⅰ卷] The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 3 （form）the core collection of the British Museum 4 opened in 1759. 【答案】formed 【解析】句意：例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。 26. [2020年北京卷] The Neanderthals 9 （live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. 【答案】lived/had lived/had been living 【解析】句意：尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年，直到大约4万年前灭绝。设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意，此处是指在灭绝之前一直生活了数万年。设空处的动作发生在灭绝之前，结合时间状语for tens of thousands of years。故应用过去完成时态或者过去完成进行时态；又因动作发生在过去，强调过去发生的动作，也可用一般过去时。故答案为lived/had lived/had been living。 27. [2020年浙江卷1月] The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950 1 (be)30-today it is 41 and is expected 2 (increase)to 42 by 2050. 【答案】was 【解析】句意：1950年美国人的中年年龄是30岁，今天是41岁，预计到2050年将增加到42岁。结合上文in 1950可知应用一般过去时，且主语为The median age of an American，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。 28. [2020年浙江卷6月] And，as more children were born，more food 4 （need）. 【答案】was needed 【解析】句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。文体句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。 29. [2020年浙江卷6月] New methods 10 （mean）that fewer people worked in farming. 【答案】meant. 【解析】句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。文体句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。 30. [2019年全国II卷] Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene 4 （declare） she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 【答案】declared 【解析】句意：在领取“终身成就奖”时，自豪的艾琳宣布，她没有从已经成立36年的公司退休的打算。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had以及said可知，用一般过去时态，故填declared。 31. [2019年全国III卷] Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 5 （recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. 【答案】recommended 【解析】句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended。 32. [2019年全国III卷] On the last day of our week-long stay，we 9 （invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars 【答案】were invited 【解析】句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。 33. [2019年北京卷] I 1 （voice）my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” 【答案】voiced 【解析】句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？”此处的voice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用一般过去时。故填voiced。 34. [2019年北京卷] Research on the question 7 （suggest）that，for most students，it doesn't. 【答案】suggests/suggested/has suggested 【解析】句意：对于这个问题的研究表明，对于大多数学生来说，它不重要。这里表示研究的客观结果，所以用一般现在时，一般过去时或现在完成时均可，故填suggests/suggested/has suggested。 35. [2019年浙江卷1月] Caffeine 2 (be) in your first Coke. 【答案】is (was) 【解析】主语Caffeine是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。此处表示一种事实可以用一般现在时。也可以指小时候的事用一般过去时，故填is (was)。 36. [2019年浙江卷6月] One study in America found that students' grades ____7___ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. 【答案】improved 【解析】句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去时，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。 37. [2018年全国II卷]The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 8 (start) a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers 【答案】started 【解析】句意：在2005年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。本句是when引导的定语从句，由于时间是2005年，故用过去时。故填started。 38. [2018年全国III卷]True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 9 (mean)me no real harm. 【答案】meant 【解析】文体本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。 39. [2018年浙江卷6月]I 5 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 【答案】was shocked 【解析】此处表示我被震惊了。shock的主语是I，两者关系是被动，动作发生在过去。故填was shocked。 40. [2017年全国II卷]Steam engines 5 (use) to pull the carriages and However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success. 【答案】were used 【解析】根据句意：蒸汽发动机“被用于”拉货物，主语Steam engines与谓语动词use是被动关系，主语是复数，根据语境用一般过去时，故填were used. 41. [2017年全国II卷]Later, engineers 8 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. 【答案】managed 【解析】本文全篇都是一般过去时，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填managed。 42. [2017年全国III卷] Sarah 3 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. 【答案】has been told/was told 【解析】句意：莎拉被告知她将成为英国新的超级名模，并在明年赚到100万美元。空处需填动词作谓语，Sarah和tell为被动关系，需用被动语态，结合语境可知，此处可用一般过去时或者现在完成时，主语为Sarah，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has been told/was told。 43. [2017年浙江卷] She suspected that one of her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six — had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband 7 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. 【答案】searched 【解析】句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫在厨房寻找。由语境可知，这段是她回忆戒指丢失的场景，故谓语动词需要用过去时。故填searched。 44. [2016年全国I卷] I 2 (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. 【答案】was allowed 【解析】I与allow是被动关系，故用被动语态；又因上一句主句用过去时，可确定此句也用过去时。故填was allowed。 45. [2016年全国III卷] Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 9 (be) too violent for use at the table. 【答案】were 【解析】句意：孔子认为刀具会让人想起杀戮和太暴力，不能在餐桌上使用。分析可知，believed后跟一个宾语从句，and连接了两个并列的谓语，空处应用动词的过去式与would并列。主谓一致，故填were。 46. [2016年四川卷] Then, after two and a half years, the mother 9 (drive) the young panda away. 【答案】drove 【解析】句意：两年半后，母亲会把小熊猫赶走。文章使用一般过去时描述事情，根据题意，故填drove。 47. [2015年全国I卷]It was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. 【答案】arrived 【解析】根据前后文时态可知，本文主要时态为一般过去时，空格处为对过去所发生事情的一般陈述，而且arrive为非延续性动词，故应用一般过去时。故填arrived。 48. [2015年广东卷] He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 4 (leave)． 【答案】was left 【解析】根据本文第一句可知本文叙述的是过去发生的事情，所以要使用一般过去时。同时根据句意可知他把剩下的牛奶做成奶酪和黄油。所以使用被动语态was left。 49. [2015年广东卷] While making great efforts to run away，she 6 (fall) over the hill and died. 【答案】fell 【解析】本文叙述的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时。奶牛在跑的时候，摔下了山，死掉了。故填fell。 50. [2014年全国I卷]It 1 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 【答案】was 【解析】根据本段第一句In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio.可知本段叙述的是过去发生的事情。the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio在过去被污染地如此地严重，所以说过去没有人能够想象到这条河被清理干净。又主语“It”为三单，故填was。 51. [2014年全国II卷]A boy on a bike 5 (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. 【答案】caught 【解析】句意：一个骑自行车的男孩引起了我的注意。此处讲述的是过去的事,故用一般过去时。故填caught。 52. [2014年全国II卷]Then the driver stood up and asked,“ 8 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” 【答案】Did 【解析】句意：有人在最后一站丢了手提箱吗?”此处是一个一般疑问句,询问过去发生的事情,故助动词用一般过去时。故填Did。 53. [2014年广东卷] We 3 （tell）that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, but for the week after. 【答案】were told 【解析】根据时态语态以及主谓一致。文章的整体时态是发生在过去，所以用过去时态，根据语境可知“我们被告知”所以用被动语态，故填were told。 Part 3 最新模拟题 1. [杭州二中钱江学校]Yet a few committed foreigners have made it, who ____44____(inspire) to bring Jianbing to a hungry audience after their first taste in China back in the 1980s. 【答案】were inspired 【解析】句意：然而，有几个坚定的外国人成功了，他们在上世纪80年代第一次品尝中国煎饼后，受到启发，将煎饼带给了一位饥饿的观众。分析句子结构可知，“who ____9_____ to bring Jianbing to a hungry audience after 2. [浙江省北斗星盟高三适应性考试]Zhou Enlai, the first Premier of China, was so taken with Kweichou Maotai, a sauce scent-style baijiu, that it ____60____ (name) China’s National Liquor, necessary at state dinners. 【答案】was named 【解析】句意：中国第一任总理周恩来非常喜欢贵州茅台，这是一种酱味白酒，被命名为中国的国酒，是国宴上的必需品。主语it与谓语name为被动关系，陈述过去的事实，为一般过去时的被动语态。故填was named。 3. [湘豫名校高三一轮复习诊断考试(三)]The target of yielding 1,200 kilograms per mu of hybrid rice ___44___ (propose)by Yuan back in 2018 and the related research was conducted in the same year. 【答案】was proposed 【解析】句意：早在2018年，袁隆平就提出了杂交水稻亩产1200公斤的目标，并于同年进行了相关研究。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，时间状语是“in 2018”，用一般过去时，主语“The target”和“propose”之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was proposed。 4. [2024年江苏省无锡市四校12月学情调研英语]And at the heritage small stage, the audience _____61_____ (treat) to a series of amazing traditional performances including crosstalk, face changing of Sichuan opera and wrestling.  【答案】were treated 【解析】句意：在遗产小舞台上，观众们欣赏了一系列令人惊叹的传统表演，包括相声、川剧变脸和摔跤。主语与谓语构成被动关系，事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为audience，集合名词，谓语应用复数。故填were treated。 5. [华大新高考联盟2024届高三11月教学质量测评] I ____41____ (bear) here and moved away to Guildford later, but Canterbury is one of the most beautiful, popular and historic cities in England. 【答案】was born 【解析】句意：我出生在这里，后来搬到了吉尔福德，但坎特伯雷是英国最美丽、最受欢迎、最具历史意义的城市之一。分析句子结构可知，and连接的第一个并列句缺谓语动词，根据“moved”可知，用一般过去时，主语“I”和“bear”之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was born。 6. [2024年云学名校联盟高一年级３月联考]Some people actually believe Sun Tzu did not live and that he ___61___ (be) just a myth, to begin with. 【答案】was 【解析】句意：有些人实际上认为孙子并不存在，从一开始他只是一个神话。根据上文Sun Tzu did not live可知为一般过去时，主语为he，谓语用单数。故填was。 7. [名校学术联盟•高考模拟信息卷&押题卷]Early in the Tang Dynasty, the tea trade between Pu’er and other areas already ____38____ (begin). 【答案】 began 【解析】句意：早在唐代，普洱与其他地区的茶叶贸易就已经开始了。根据上文Early in the Tang Dynasty描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填began。 8. [华大新高考联盟2024届高三4月教学质量测评]Each model of Cargobike we sell ____41____(have) its own set of accessories(配件)to suit you. 【答案】has 【解析】句意：我们销售的每一种货运自行车都有自己的一套配件，以适应你的需要。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，时态应与后文保持一致用一般现在时，主语是Each model of Cargobike，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has。 9. [2024·湖北·二模]In October of the same year, Fanjing 97 (add) to China’s tentative (试验性的) list of national natural heritage. 【答案】was added 【解析】句意：同年10月，梵净山被列入中国国家自然遗产暂定名录。由In October of the same year可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，Fanjing和add之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语Fanjing是单数，因此空格处是was added。故填was added。 10. [2024·湖南衡阳·一模]Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China 110 (add) to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2022. 【答案】were added 【解析】句意：2022年，中国传统茶叶加工技术及相关社会实践被列入《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。结合时间状语in 2022可知，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，且主语Traditional  tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China与add“添加”为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were added。 11. [2024·湖南长沙·一模]The program 142 (carry)out during last year’s International Copyright Forum, which was held in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province. 【答案】was carried 【解析】句意：该项目是去年在江西景德镇举行的国际版权论坛期间开展的。根据空后的during last year’s International Copyright Forum可知，空处应填一般过去时；program与carry out之间为被动关系，应用被动语态;且主语program为第三人称单数。故填was carried。 12. [22-23高三上·安徽·阶段练习]Historians aren’t sure when people first 168 (discover) the concept of pi 【答案】discovered 【解析】句意：历史学家不确定人们何时首次发现圆周率的概念。分析句子可知，此处discover“发现”作宾语从句的谓语动词，与主语people构成主动关系，且是过去发生的事情，故使用一般过去时。故填discovered。 13. [2024·四川绵阳·一模]Produced by Light Chaser Animation, a Beijing-based animated studio known for its focus on tales inspired by traditional culture and mythology, the film 185 (release) nationwide this past summer. 【答案】was released 【解析】句意：由总部位于北京的动画工作室追光动画制作，该工作室以关注受传统文化和神话启发的故事而闻名，该电影去年夏天在全国上映。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语this past summer可知应用一般过去时，主语the film与schedule之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，所以助动词用was。故填was released。 14. [2024·四川绵阳·二模]By eating this kind of ear-like food, people’s ears 197 (cure). 【答案】were cured 【解析】句意：通过吃这种类似耳朵的食物，人们的耳朵被治愈了。主语“people’s ears”和动词“cure”之间是被动关系，且句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，故填were cured。 15. [2022·广西南宁·二模]In fact, the technique 216 (list) as part of China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2017, after it was recovered by Zhang Zhifeng. 【答案】was listed 【解析】句意：事实上，在张志峰修复后，这项技术于2017年被列入中国非物质文化遗产。根据时间 状语“in 2017”可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语the technique和list为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was listed。 16. [23-24高三上·安徽合肥·阶段练习]She 238 (force) to resign from Pennsylvania University and went from one low-paying research job to another and even slept in her office at times. But she never gave up. 【答案】was forced 【解析】句意：她被迫从宾夕法尼亚大学辞职，从一份低薪的研究工作换到另一份，有时甚至睡在办公室里。根据空后的并列谓语可知，此处用一般过去时，又因为force与she之间存在被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义。故填was forced。 Part 4 短文语法填空 · 真题 + 模拟题 【2022年北京卷 】 A Helen was walking down the street late ____1____ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ____2____ (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man ____3____ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 【文体】记叙文：文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。 【答案】1．in 2．to harm 3．caught 1．考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故in。 2．考查非谓语动词-不定式作定语。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。文体句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 3．考查谓语动词-时态-一般过去时。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。 B Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly ____4____ (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine ____5____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally ____6____ (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 【文体】说明文：介绍的是人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因，是因为人们对气味的偏好是习得的，这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的。 【答案】4．supported 5．whether 6．has 4．考查非谓语动词-过去分词作状语。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。文体句子结构可知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。故填supported。 5．考查名词性从句-宾语从句。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。文体句子结构可知，空格前的determine为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知，此处考查whether…or not的搭配。故填whether。 6．考查考查谓语动词-时态主谓一致-一般现在时的单三形式。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。文体句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。 C Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____7____ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____8____ are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even ____9____ (bad). The use of those plastics ____10____ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 【文体】记叙文：讲述了人们在点外卖的同时，也增加了塑料产品的使用，造成了环境污染。 【详解】 1.考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者预定配送服务。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 2.考查定语从句which。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只能使用一次。文体可知，most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。 3.考查形容词比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse，故填worse。 4.考查谓语动词-时态主谓一致-现在完成时的单三形式。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 【2022年浙江卷 1月】 Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___1___ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ____2____（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others ____3____ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ____4____（change） their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, _____5_____（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists ___6____ （promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ___7___ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___8___ time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the ____9____ （invite）. That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans _____10____（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change." 【文体】说明文：文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践，目的是为了减少学术飞行以应对气候变化危机。 【答案】 1. who/that 2．is viewed/has been viewed 3．are 4．changing 5．roughly 6．have promised 7．whether/if 8．the 9．invitation 10．to continue 1．考查定语从句that/who。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。 2．谓语动词-时态语态-一般过去时/现在完成时的被动。句意：对科学家而言，旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知，动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系，故填is viewed或has been viewed。 3．考查谓语动词-时态主谓一致-现在进行时。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知，此处也应使用现在进行时，主语为复数，故填are。 4．考查谓语动词-时态主谓一致-现在进行时。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。文体句子结构可知，此处and连接并列的动词questioning和change，故填changing。 5．词性转换adj.-adv.。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。 6．考查谓语动词-时态-现在完成时。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised。 7．考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。 8．考查冠词。句意：大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填the。 9．考查词性转换v.-n.。句意：当答案是否定的时候，她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语，故填invitation。 10．考查非谓语动词-不定式作宾语。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划做”，故填to continue。 【2022年浙江卷 6月】 To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting ____1____ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ____2____ (do). John Olson, a former ____3____ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ____4____ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their ____5____ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ____6___ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly ____7___ age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ____8____ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means ___9___ (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it _____10_____ to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.” 【文体】说明文：短文介绍了触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式。 【答案】 1． be appreciated 2．to do 3．photographer 4．the 5．existing 6．sighted 7．at 8．noticed 9．independence 10．and 1．考查谓语动词-含情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？主语a painting与谓语appreciate为被动关系，且置于情态动词can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。 故填be appreciated。 2．考查非谓语动词-不定式作宾语。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。 3．考查词性转换v.-n.。句意：约翰·奥尔森是一位前摄影师，他和他的团队将绘画转化为全纹理3D模型。单数名词做主语，根据句意表示“摄影师”，此处为单数概念，故填photographer。 4．考查冠词。句意：触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看；我们用大脑看。the blind“盲人”，the+形容词表示一类人。故填the。 5．考查词性转换v.-adj.。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。 6．考查词性转换n.-adj.。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people，表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。 7．考查介词。句意：Luc Gandarias今年13岁，7岁时突然失明。表示在多大年龄时，用介词at。故填at。 8．考查谓语动词-时态-一般过去时。句意：当他触摸到莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的3D版《蒙娜丽莎》时，他立刻注意到了她的微笑。根据“he felt”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。 9．考查词性转换adj.-n.。句意：对卢克来说，这意味着独立。不可数名词independence作mean的宾语。 故填independence。 10．考查并列连词and。句意：能够看到它并形成我的观点的感觉就像盲人推倒了另一堵墙。根据句意可知，前后为并列关系，所以用and来连接。故填and。 【2024届山东省实验中学高三下学期一模英语试题】 The term “Erbin”, a, nickname of Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, known for its ice and snow festival, 36 (gain) popularity across China recently. Many tourism officials are using techniques to promote cultural tourism, 37   (leave) netizens screaming in amusement. Shifting from online hype (炒作) to offline engagement, tourism authorities in other provinces also compete 38 tourists. The essence of this “fancy rat-race” lies in 39 fact that various regional cultural tourism initiatives 40 (target) at the Spring Festival tourist boom, using hype to attract tourists and boost the local economies. But to attract more tourists, 41 seems unwise is to rely merely on publicity and luxury strategies. Cities and tourist spots should focus on three factors to attract more tourists. First, they need to build better roads to scenic spots and tourist service platforms, 42 set proper traffic signs. Second, they should provide related supporting services to enhance 43 (tourist) experience. For that, the tourist spots and cities need to 44 (far) develop tourist attractions and supporting facilities. It is also important 45 (tell) convincing local cultural stories. Tourism authorities should, therefore, focus on promoting local cuisine, natural resources and personalities. 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国黑龙江省哈尔滨市（以冰雪节闻名，被昵称为“Erbin”）近期在中国各地受到的关注，以及旅游部门如何利用各种策略来吸引游客、促进文化旅游的现象。 36．has gained 37．leaving 38．for 39．the 40．are targeted 41．what 42．and 43．tourists’ 44．further 45．to tell 36．考查动词时态。句意：最近，以冰雪节而闻名的黑龙江省哈尔滨市的昵称“尔宾”在全国范围内流行起来。gain作本句的谓语，根据标志词recently可知，用现在完成时，主语是The term “Erbin”，为第三人称单数，助动词使用has。故填has gained。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多旅游部门的官员都在使用各种手段来促进文化旅游，这让网民们在娱乐中尖叫。本句已有谓语动词are using，所以leave用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语Many tourism officials之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填leaving。 38．考查介词。句意：从线上炒作转向线下参与，其他省份的旅游部门也在争夺游客。此处是固定搭配：compete for意为“为夺取……竞争”。故填for。 39．考查冠词。句意：这种“花式老鼠赛跑”的本质在于，各种区域文化旅游活动都以春节旅游热潮为目标，利用炒作吸引游客，促进当地经济。本句是that引导的同位语从句，fact特指后文提到的事实，所以应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 40．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这种“花式老鼠赛跑”的本质在于，各种区域文化旅游活动都以春节旅游热潮为目标，利用炒作吸引游客，促进当地经济。此处是固定搭配：be targeted at意为“以……为目标”，主语是various regional cultural tourism initiatives，为复数，根据前文的lies可知，用一般现在时，be动词使用are。故填are targeted。 41．考查主语从句。句意：但为了吸引更多的游客，仅仅依靠宣传和奢侈品策略似乎是不明智的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代事物，用what引导。故填what。 42．考查连词。句意：首先，他们需要建设更好的通往景点和旅游服务平台的道路，并设置适当的交通标志。根据句意可知，“build better roads to scenic spots and tourist service platforms”和后文“set proper traffic signs.”为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 43．考查名词所有格。句意：二是提供相关配套服务，提升游客体验。空后是名词，所以空处应填名词所有格作定语。故填tourists’。 44．考查副词。句意：为此，旅游景点和城市需要进一步开发旅游景点和配套设施。空处修饰空后的动词，应用副词修饰，根据句意，表达“进一步开发”之意，用副词比较级further。故填further。 45．考查非谓语动词。句意：讲述令人信服的当地文化故事也很重要。此处是固定句型：it is+adj.+to do sth.意为“做什么事是怎样的”。故填to tell。 【2024届江苏省泰州市高三下学期调研测试（一模）英语试题】 The traditional Chinese painting is 36 (fundamental) an abstract art form. Objects in Chinese paintings are a less direct copy of the natural world, 37 comparison to Western paintings. Actually, the Chinese painting aims to demonstrate a 38 (harmony) relation between the natural world and human emotion. What Chinese painters would like to produce in their paintings is not a visual effect of colors and patterns that Western painters tend 39 (achieve). The description of objects in Chinese paintings is by no means accurate because few painters 40 (concern) about their exact size or shape. What they want to seek is a spiritual world in their mind 41 nature provides exactly basic elements. This is how Chinese painters view nature. Remote mountains and running streams 42 (be) the primary materials of their thinking and creating since ancient times. Chinese artists often say that the artists first need to have a thorough and deep understanding of the natural 43 (exist) before drawing. With a long history of China, generations of Chinese painters express thoughts on the material world through this unique art form and leave a valuable treasure to the Chinese. Nowadays, the Chinese painting, as 44 important part of global culture, has become increasingly attractive across the world, 45 (enjoy) great popularity at home and abroad. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以传统中国画为主题，讲述了其与西方绘画在表现形式，在意境表达方面的不同，一代又一代的中国画家通过这种独特的艺术形式表达对物质世界的思考，为中国人留下了宝贵的财富，并使其在世界范围内享有很高的知名度。 36．fundamentally 37．in 38．harmonious 39．to achieve 40．are concerned 41．where 42．have been 43．existence 44．an 45．enjoying 36．考查副词。句意：传统中国画从根本上说是一种抽象艺术形式。分析可知，这里应是副词作状语。“fundamental”，形容词，意为“基础的，根本的”，其副词形式为“fundamentally(（引入话题时说）从根本上说，基本上)”，贴合语境。故填fundamentally。 37．考查介词和固定短语。句意：与西方绘画相比，中国画中的对象对自然世界的模仿不那么直接。分析语境可知，这里将中国画与西方绘画相比较，“in comparison to”，固定短语，意为“与……相比较”。故填in。 38．考查形容词。句意：实际上，中国画旨在表现自然世界与人类情感之间的和谐关系。分析可知，形容词作定语修饰名词“relation”。“harmony”，名词，意为“和谐”，其形容词形式为“harmonious(和谐的)”。故填harmonious。 39．考查动词不定式。句意：中国画家想要在他们的绘画中产生的不是西方画家倾向于达到的色彩和图案的视觉效果。分析可知，“tend to do”，意为“往往……，倾向于做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to achieve。 40．考查时态和被动。句意：中国画中对物体的描述是不准确的，因为很少有画家关心它们的确切大小或形状。分析可知，这里的“concern”为动词，应是“（使对……）感兴趣，使（自己）关心”含义，主语“few painters”与其之间为被动关系，且结合语境，这里应是一般现在时，因此，应是用一般现在时被动：are done。“be concerned about…”，意为“关心”。故填are concerned。 41．考查定语从句引导词。句意：他们想要寻找的是一个心灵的精神世界，在这个世界里，大自然恰好提供了基本的元素。分析可知，“___6____ nature provides exactly basic elements”为之前“a spiritual world”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 42．考查时态。句意：自古以来，远山流水就是他们思考和创作的主要素材。分析可知，所填be作句子的谓语动词，结合时间状语“since ancient times”可知用现在完成时，主语为复数，应是“have done”。故填have been。 43．考查名词。句意：中国艺术家常说，在绘画之前，艺术家首先需要对自然存在有一个透彻而深刻的理解。分析可知，“natural”为形容词，修饰名词，因此所填应是名词。“exist”，动词，意为“存在”，其名词形式为“existence”。故填existence。 44．考查不定冠词。句意：如今，中国画作为全球文化的重要组成部分，在世界范围内越来越具有吸引力，在国内外享有很高的知名度。分析可知，“part”意为“部分”，为可数名词，因此，所填应是不定冠词作限定词，“important /ɪmˈpɔːtnt/”为元音音素开头的单词，应是用an。故填an。 45．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，中国画作为全球文化的重要组成部分，在世界范围内越来越具有吸引力，在国内外享有很高的知名度。分析可知，“____10____  (enjoy) great popularity at home and abroad”为状语，因此，这里应是非谓语形式。主语“the Chinese painting”与动词“enjoy”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填enjoying。 【2024届河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语试题】 China’s conventional tea-making techniques and their social practices have successfully been included in the UNESCO’s world intangible culture heritage list. “Stove boiled tea”,   36 new way of drinking tea, has been popular in China. The process of drinking tea has a sense of ritual (仪式), and so far the ceremony 37    (become) a new favorite of young people. Usually, the process of boiling tea on a stove 38 (consist) of lightly roasting tea leaves before making tea, sometimes with rosebuds (玫瑰花蕾), in a pot over a stove. The art of boiling tea is a time-consuming process, 39 requires constant attention to the temperature in order to properly “cook” it. People sit around the stove and have snacks such as fruits, nuts and desserts with their hot tea. It’s a pleasure to chat with friends while having this new style of tea. People also post their moments of stove boiled tea while wearing 40 (tradition) Hanfu in these ancient teahouses. Similar to other trending 41 (lifestyle) such as cycling and camping, “stove-boiled tea” reflects young people’s desire to escape from cities to get close to nature and experience a peaceful mind. It’s 42 (absolute) relaxing to drink hot tea, feel the winter breeze, and chat with best friends. “Stove boiled tea” is a popular way 43 (integrate) Chinese culture elements into people’s daily lives. You may have heard of cafe latte (拿铁咖啡), 44   have you ever heard of a similar art in a cup of tea? Apart from the “stove-boiled tea”, Dian Cha is also a tea art from the Song dynasty. During the Dian Cha making process, the froth (泡沫) and the tea paste act like paper and ink, 45 (allow) artists to create delicate patterns. 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是中国的传统茶艺，它已经成为联合国教科文组织的最新世界非物质文化遗产。 36．a 37．has become 38．consists 39．which 40．traditional 41．lifestyles 42．absolutely 43．to integrate 44．but/yet 45．allowing 36．考查冠词。句意：“炉煮茶”是一种新的饮茶方式，在中国很受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，way为可数名词单数，无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意可知，此处表示“一种新的饮茶方式”表泛指，所以使用不定冠词，new的首个音素为辅音。故填a。 37．考查谓语动词。句意：喝茶的过程有一种仪式感，到目前为止，这种仪式已经成为年轻人的新宠。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语so far可知，此处为现在完成时，become与句子主语the ceremony之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填has become。 38．考查谓语动词。句意：通常，在炉子上煮茶的过程包括在泡茶前轻微烘烤茶叶，有时用玫瑰花蕾在炉子上的锅里煮茶。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据句意以及副词usually可知，此处为一般现在时，consist与句子主语the process之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填consists。 39．考查定语从句。句意：煮茶的艺术是一个耗时的过程，需要时刻注意温度，才能正确地“煮”茶。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词a time-consuming process指的是事情，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 40．考查形容词。句意：人们还在这些古老的茶馆里晒出穿着传统汉服煮茶的朋友圈。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词Hanfu，tradition的形容词为traditional意为“传统的”符合句意。故填traditional。 41．考查名词的数。句意：与骑行、露营等其他流行的生活方式类似，“煮茶”反映了年轻人逃离城市、亲近自然、体验宁静心灵的渴望。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，lifestyle为可数名词单数，其前有other修饰，所以此处使用名词复数形式。故填lifestyles。 42．考查副词。句意：喝着热茶，感受着冬天的微风，和最好的朋友聊天，这绝对是一种放松。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，absolute的副词为absolutely意为“绝对地”符合句意。故填absolutely。 43．考查动词不定式。句意：“炉煮茶”是一种将中国文化元素融入人们日常生活的流行方式。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词way，根据“way to do sth.”可知，此处应为不定式形式。故填to integrate。 44．考查连词。句意：你可能听说过拿铁咖啡，但你听说过在一杯茶中有类似的艺术吗?分析句子结构可知，此处为连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，空前与空后两个句子之间为转折关系。故填but/yet。 45．考查现在分词。句意：在点茶的制作过程中，泡沫和茶浆就像纸和墨水一样，让艺术家们创造出精致的图案。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，allow与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填allowing。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$