江苏省南京市中华中学2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题

2023-2024学年高二上学期南京市中华中学10月月考 英语试卷 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Improve your health starting with your next meal. Scientists have recently discovered that many foods have true medicinal qualities. Their amazing findings give weight to the phrase, "You are what you eat.” If you have ever wondered exactly what a well-balanced diet includes and how to put it together this book is for you. In Recipes & Remedies （疗法）,you find delicious recipes and meal plans that make great nutrition easy. You'll also get advice on treating common conditions with food. In addition to 2 weeks of healthful and delicious seasonal recipes, you will also find: •Practical remedies to help you manage blood sugar •Diet patterns that may help prevent and fight cancer •Simple non-drug approaches to lowering cholesterol （胆固醇） •Foods to help control blood pressure •Easy remedies to ease stomachache •And much, much more click here for more information Shipping Questions: Not in a hurry? If you prefer to pay less money for shipping, you can order by mail. Send your check for the price of the book plus S3 for Media Mail shipping to: Graedon Enterprises. Inc. PO Box 52027 Durham. NC 27717-2027 Product Reviews CHRISTINE FROM NJNEW JERSEY FEBRUARY 17.2017 5***** I purchased this book about four years ago and wanted to tell you that my FAVORITE recipe is the Butternut Squash and Apple Soup. I look forward to tall when butternut squash and apples are in season so I can make this soup. JANE ST. LOUIS. MO JULY 4, 2016 5***** I eat a guacamole sandwich everyday on pumpernickel bread and it's not only delicious but I feel it's healthy and I have gained NO weight. 1. What is the passage intended for? A. describing a product in detail B. sharing comments about a book C. advertising a book for sale D. giving advice on food and recipes 2. What advice can you find in Recipes & Remedies? A. how to go on a diet to keep healthy B. how to keep fit through good diet C. how to use food to cure cancer D. how to take drugs to relieve pains 3. Where does the passage come from? A. A webpage B. A guide C A review D. A newspaper B Whether it be a person, an animal, or even an insect, a mother’s instincts (本能) are never wrong. This idea rings true for a mother cat who acted fast and sought out help when her kittens were in trouble. This mother cat’s quick thinking may have just saved her babies. In the urban district of Izmir in western Turkey, a cat walked into a regular hospital bolding a kitten in her mouth. As the mother cat moved through the hospital, people were surprised to see such a sight, but let her pass. The mother cat asked for help, crying for a long time. She was familiar to the hospital staff, who had been leaving her food and water outside, but they were unaware that she had given birth to kittens. The mother cat was concerned for her young because they weren’t able to open their eyes. After the doctors looked at the kittens, they noticed that they were suffering from eye infections. One of the doctors recalls, “We consulted with vets (兽医) and gave medicine as described. When the kittens opened their eyes a short time later, we were excited.” Later, they were sent to an animal hospital for further care. The cats are now up for adoption and will hopefully find loving forever homes. When it comes to mother cats and kittens, kittens completely depend on mothers for the first few months of their lives. Because they are blind and almost deaf until about two or three weeks old, the mother cat must protect them from any threat or danger. Without the mother cat’s help, the kittens may not make it to adulthood. As shown by the mother cat in Turkey, a mother’s love and protection knows no bounds. Whether the mom is a human or a cat, mothers will always look out for their babies and make sure they are safe and healthy. 4. Why did the mother cat show up in the hospital? A. To beg for food. B. To get her babies treated. C. To express thanks. D. To give birth to her babies. 5. How did the doctors help the baby cat? A. They built them a home. B. They adopted all of them. C. They operated on them immediately. D. They gave them right medicine. 6. What makes newly-born cats dependent on their mothers? A. Their physical state. B. Their eating habit. C. Their appearance. D. Their behavior. 7. What can we learn from the story? A. Love makes a difference. B. One good turn deserves another. C. Humans can live peacefully with animals. D. God helps those who help themselves. C Blind imitation is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptable. In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own? Imitating role modelsis like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them. In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models. If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others. In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors. Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them. Creative people have an endless resource of ideas. The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination. Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve. Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering on.” 8. Imitation proves useful when you ________. A. know you are unique B. lose the balance of life C. begin to learn something new D. get tired of routine practice 9. According to the author, the world moves on because of those who are ________. A. desperate to influence others with their knowledge B. ready to turn their original ideas into reality C. eager to discover what their ancestors did D. willing to accept others’ ideas 10. The trouble a creator faces is ________. A. the lack of strong motivation B. the absence of practical ideas C. how to search for more materials D. how to use imagination creatively 11. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To highlight the importance of creativity. B. To criticize the characters of role models. C. To compare imitation with creation. D. To explain the meaning of success. D Alzheimer's AI An estimated 5.7 million people in the U.S. have Alzheimer's disease-the most common type of dementia(痴呆）－and that number is expected to more than double by 2050. Early diagnosis is crucial for patients to benefit from the few therapies available. But no scans can deliver a conclusive diagnosis while a person is alive; instead doctors have to conduct numerous and complicated clinical and neuropsychological tests.So there is growing interest in developing artificial intelligence to identify Alzheimer's based on brain imaging. Researchers at the University of California,San Francisco, have now successfully trained an AI algorithm(算法）to recognize one of the early signs of Alzheimer's-a reduction in the brain's glucose（葡萄糖）consumption-in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. The algorithm accurately predicted an eventual Alzheimer's diagnosis in nearly all the test cases, according to the study. In PET imaging, a very small amount of a radioactive compound are injected into the body, producing three-dimensional images of metabolism(新陈代谢）,circulation and other cellular activities. PET is well suited for an AI diagnostic tool because Alzheimer's leads to subtle changes in the brain's metabolism that begin years before neural(神经的） tissue starts to go downhill, says study co-author Jae Ho Sohn,a radiologist at UCSF. These changes are "very hard for radiologists to pick up,"he notes. The algorithm was trained and tested on 2100 PET brain images from about 1,000 people 55 years and older. The images came from a 12-year study that tracked people who would ultimately be diagnosed with Alzheimer's, as well as those with mild memory declines and healthy control participants. The algorithm was trained on 90 percent of the data and tested on the remaining 10 percent. It was then retested on a second, independent data set from 40 patients monitored for 10 years. The algorithm was highly sensitive and was able to recognize 81 percent of the patients in the first test group and 100 percent in the second who would be diagnosed with Alzheimer's six years later, on average. The findings were published in February in Radiology. The algorithm is based on "deep learning ,a machine-learning technique that uses artificial neural networks programmed to learn from examples. "This is one of the first promising,preliminary(初步的） applications of deep learning to the diagnosis of Alzheimer's," says Christian Salvatore, a physicist at Italy's National Research Council, who was not involved in the study. “The model performs very well when identifying patients with mild or late diagnoses", he says, “but catching it in the earliest stages remains one of the most critical open issues in this field." 12. People are increasingly interested in using AI to identify Alzheimer's because______ A. the number of people suffering from dementia is more than doubling B. diagnostic methods that are both reliable and convenient are in need C. there are only a limited number of effective therapies for the patients D. diagnosing Alzheimer's disease through AI is still an unexplored area 13. What can we learn about PET imaging? A. It recognizes the worsening of the neural tissue. B. It reduces the glucose consumption in the brain. C. It changes the pattern of the brain's metabolism. D. It photographs various kinds of cellular activities. 14. According to Paragraph 4,_________. A. 90% of the people in the study were trained on the algorithm B. the participants in the study consist of people both young and old C. 81% of the people in the first test group were diagnosed with Alzheimer's D. the algorithm managed to recognize all the patients in the second test group 15. What can be inferred from Paragraph 5? A. The algorithm serves as a promising treatment of Alzheimer's. B. Deep learning has been widely applied in diagnosing Alzheimer's. C. To detect Alzheimer's in its earliest stages calls for more exploration. D. Whether to use the model to detect Alzheimer's remains a critical issue. 第二节 七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The way we watch television has changed, as many of us no longer follow the old model of television. In the past, a new episode (集) of a show was released once a week. ___16___ People, therefore, have created a new term：binge-watching (狂欢式刷剧). It is used to describe the behavior of watching many episodes of a whole series in a row. ___17___ In fact, a 2018 Morning Consult poll (民意调查) found that 60 percent of American adults who watched shows binge-watched. The percentage even increased among younger audiences. ___18___ Of course, every new cultural behavior has its accompanying health consequences. What is binge-watching doing to our health? ___19___ They sent an 18-question survey to 926 adults who owned a television and at least one other device with a screen. They found that heavy screen time users averaged 17.5 hours of screen-use every day. They also reported that this group’s health condition was worse than light users. Interestingly, researchers also discovered a connection between binge-watching and greater stress. The result is surprising. ___20___ It might have been believed that people are turning to binge-watching to deal with anxiety and stress. However, that’s not the case. It could be the case that people will suffer from greater stress if watching more shows continuously. A Every new cultural behavior has its own causes. B. Nowadays, binge-watching is a common behavior. C. Now, many companies release a whole series at once. D. People are more stressed out if they’re binge-watching. E. Researchers at Arizona State University wanted to figure this out. F. 73 percent of 18-to-29-year-olds binge-watched at least once a week. G. Researchers identified binge-watchers by asking how long they watched television. 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many years ago, I bumped into an old friend of mine. He had devoted his life to acting but had never been quite successful. In his middle age, he seemed____21____ and sad. I thought of his dogged（顽强的）____22____. Was it smart or foolish? What could he have achieved had he quit his dream of acting and moved on? Our culture does not look____23____ upon quitting. Failure is perfectly acceptable as long as it eventually____24____in success. We chant（反复喊着）“Winners never quit” and “If at first you don’t succeed, try again.” We ____25____stories of persistence, of the author who____26____ stories for years before her novels were published or of the athlete who trained since childhood to win gold at the Olympics. Persistence____27____when it is rewarded with success, but it does not reward every person. For every JK Rowling, there are thousands of____28____writers who will never get published. For every Olympic athlete, there are innumerable（无数的）others who trained every day of their lives and never ____29____. We all agree that doing the same things and expecting a different result is_____30_____. So why do we believe that persevering through failure after_____31_____is a good idea? We consider quitting in the face of failure to be _____32_____. We believe that perseverance is the key to success. Perseverance is only one part of success. You need talent or skill, as well as passion and drive. Luck and timing are also key to any great success. Our society believes that anything is possible, as long as you “believe”. But not everyone can make it. Quitting when you’re not _____33_____is sometimes the smartest thing to do. Obviously, if you enjoy a _____34_____, regardless of its outcome, you should continue. If you knew your novel would never be published, would you want to write? If you could never be a champion swimmer, would you_____35_____train? Sometimes, it is wise to put your energy into something else. Failure is not always the path to success. Sometimes, failure is the door to something new. 21. A. satisfied B. defeated C. complicated D. shallow 22. A. restriction B. standard C. perseverance D. stick 23. A. kindly B. bravely C. finely D. clearly 24. A. carries B. leads C. brings D. results 25. A. carry out B. write for C. draw up D. jump at 26. A. submitted B. told C. handed D. checked 27. A. rewards off B. pays off C. returns back D. turns back 28. A. ambitious B. serious C. famous D. inspiring 29. A. made it out B. met the standard C. worked it out D. met the need 30. A. inefficient B. unacceptable C. unwise D. insensible 31 A. insistence B. success C. failure D. ending 32. A. keen B. weak C. poor D. flexible 33. A. inspired B. persistent C. willing D. ahead 34. A. need B. pursuit C. consequence D. progress 35. A. ever B. even C. yet D. still 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since Japan began releasing nuclear-contaminated(核污染) wastewater into the Pacific Ocean on last Thursday despite strong opposition and ____36____ (criticize) from the international community, Chinese netizens have expressed their anger and concern, with a large number of them ____37____ (say) that they would no longer go to Japanese restaurants. According to the spokesperson, the actions of the Japanese government are ____38____ (contradict) to international conventions(公约) and experts say that the influence of Japan’s release of wastewater ____39____ the safety of people throughout the world is unpredictable. As a consequence, many domestic Japanese restaurants say that they will adjust their product lines, and seafood will be selected from domestic sources or ____40____ (import) from other coastal countries. Some even say that they will seek ____41____ (develop) other new cuisines(菜肴). “The Chinese government will take necessary measures to firmly protect the marine environment ____42____ Japan is determined to go on with its discharge(排放) plan.” said a majority of Chinese, among ____43____ are those living and studying in Japan now. In a poll conducted on Sina Weibo, more than 200,000 netizens urge Japan to cancel its wrong decision and address the wastewater in ____44____ responsible manner. “We don’t want August 24, 2023 to be a disaster day for marine environment and we hope that the issue _____45_____ (give) priority to and dealt with as soon as possible. If Japan does not change course, it must bear the historic responsibility for this decision.” 第三节（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 根据所学课文内容，在空自处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. Slogans use simple but impressive language to make us remember the product or service ________ advertised. （用适当的词填空） 47. ________ my lack of running experience, I agreed to participate in the marathon. （用适当的词填空） 48. The Youth Olympic Games call on young people to learn and share ________ the field of play. （用适当的词填空） 49. I ate a hearty breakfast so I knew I could get ________ to the end. (用适当的词填空) 50. The majority of these sports are identical to ________ at the Olympics. （用适当的词填空） 51. Product placement is typically used in films with huge box-office success and TV shows with high ________ (rate). （所给词的适当形式填空） 52. A successful ad will also create a desire to buy, thus ________ (boost) business. （所给词的适当形式填空） 53. This success is ________ (true) remarkable if you consider that just 24 years before, Xu Haifeng won our country’s first-ever gold medal. （所给词的适当形式填空） 54. However, it is not only the athletes who deserve ________ (applaud). （所给词的适当形式填空） 55. Now, advertising is becoming more digital and more ________ (person). （所给词的适当形式填空） 第四部分 写作（共两节；满分35分） 第一节（满分15分） 56. 假定你是李华，你所在的校羽毛球队正在招收新队员。请给你的留学生朋友Adam写封邮件邀请他加入，内容包括：(1)球队活动;(2)报名方式及截止日期。 注意：(1)词数80左右;(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：recruit 招募 Dear Adam, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A few years ago, my wife Sue had some fairly serious health problems. She had suffered surgery after surgery and had also put on weight for several years. Diets had not helped her. One day we sat down and drew up a “wish list” of the things we wanted most out of life. One of Sue’s items was to run in a marathon. Given her history and physical limitations, I thought her goal was completely unrealistic, but Sue became committed to it. She began by running very slowly around. Every day she ran just a little farther than she had the day before just one driveway more. “When will I ever be able to run a mile?” Sue asked one day. Soon she was running three. Then five. “We can change ourselves for the better and cause ourselves to pursue our most precious desires with almost total success,” Sue said and registered to run in the St. George Marathon in southern Utah. I drove the mountainous road from Cedar City to St. George. When the marathon began, I parked the car near the finish line and waited for Sue to come in. Five hours later, it was raining steadily and the wind was cold. Several cold and injured runners had been transported past me, and I began to panic. The image of Sue, alone and cold, off the road somewhere, made me sick with worry. The fast and strong competitors had finished long ago, and runners were becoming fewer and fewer. Now I could not see anyone in either direction. Almost all of the cars along the marathon route had left, and some normal traffic was beginning. I was able to drive directly up the race route. There were still no runners in view after driving almost two miles. Then I went around a bend in the road and spotted two runners running up ahead. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It was Sue in the company of a girl runner, struggling. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At the finish line, the girl hugged Sue, “You made me believe we could do it.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2023-2024学年高二上学期南京市中华中学10月月考 英语试卷 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 【1~3题答案】 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A B 【4~7题答案】 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A C 【8~11题答案】 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A D 【12~15题答案】 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. C 第二节 七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 【16~20题答案】 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. D 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 【21~35题答案】 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. D 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 【36~45题答案】 【答案】36. criticism 37. saying 38. contradictory 39. on 40. imported 41. to develop 42. if 43. whom 44. a 45. will be given 第三节（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 根据所学课文内容，在空自处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 【46题答案】 【答案】being 【47题答案】 【答案】Despite 【48题答案】 【答案】beyond 【49题答案】 【答案】through 【50题答案】 【答案】those 【51题答案】 【答案】rating 【52题答案】 【答案】boosting 【53题答案】 【答案】truly 【54题答案】 【答案】applause 【55题答案】 【答案】personalized 第四部分 写作（共两节；满分35分） 第一节（满分15分） 【56题答案】 【答案】One possible version: Dear Adam, I’m writing to invite you to join our school badminton team. I have been told that our school team is recruiting new members. Knowing that you are keen on playing badminton, I wonder if you’d like to join. Team members need to receive training after school every day and are often offered opportunities to watch badminton competitions, which will benefit us most. If you are interested in it, you can visit the school website to sign up. The closing date is 15th June. I hope to meet you in the school team. Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 【57题答案】 【答案】作答示例 It was Sue in the company of a girl runner, struggling. As I approached them, I noticed the pair dragging their feet and running forward awkwardly with their shoes wet. I pulled off and called. “Are you okay?” “Oh, yes!” Sue said, almost out of breath. The girl also nodded and kept moving. I had wanted to offer them a ride in, but the resolve in their eyes made me swallow back the words. I turned around and followed. Inch by inch, they were getting closer to the finish line. Eventually, the real winners in my heart ran past the finish line. At the finish line, the girl hugged Sue, “You made me believe we could do it.” She added, “Sue described so vividly how it would be to finish that I knew I could do it.” Sue smiled back. “I’ve been dreaming about this day for two years and I shall not be denied”. Greatly moved, the girl promised she would never quit anything easily without total success. At that moment, I looked at Sue and found she was carrying herself differently. It was not as if she had become someone new; it was more as if she had discovered a real self she had not known before. She truly liked her newly discovered self. So did I. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$