2025届高三英语一轮复习语法 限制性定语从句 导学案

定语从句-限定性定语从句-关系代词 【导】：什么是定语？ 定语：定语是用来修饰限定 或 的。比如：(用横线划出下面短语中的定语，然后在后面的括号里注明是什么在作定语) three boys（ ）a shoe factory ( ） the man in the car （ ） Jim’s father ( ) our teacher ( ) the man standing at the door the man who is talking with Tom（ ） 1.The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart. 2.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. 3.Do you know everybody who came to the party? 4.Anyone who breaks the law should be punished 5.Sam likes playing sports, which is a good thing. 【思】什么是定语从句？ 一、概念 1. 定义：对某一_________、__________或句子起修饰、限制的从句叫定语从句。 2. 定语从句涉及两个专用名词 A. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的_________、__________或句子。通常在关系词的__________(位置)。 B. 关系词：连接 与 的词，并代替先行词在从句中作一定的___________。关系词分为___________和____________。 二、练习： 找出下列句子中的定语从句，并认真分析，写出其先行词、关系词及其在从句中所作的成分。 例句呈现： The man that\who I met in the street is my English teacher. 先行词：the man; 关系________词：that\who; 在定语从句中作宾语 1. The man who/whom/that/省 I met today told me to come back. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 2. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 3. The girl who/whom /that/省 I met looks like Lily. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 4. The house that/which/省 I’m going to buy lies in the center of the city. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 5. Several days later most of the buildings that/which had been damaged were repaired. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 6. After this he is not the man that he used to be. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 7. Another big quake which/that was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 8. The pen which/that/省 you lent me is lost. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 9. The room whose window is red is mine. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 10. This is the scientist whose name is John Nash. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 11. Shakespeare is a famous writer, as everybody knows.（非限制性定语从句） 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 12. Such people as have made great contributions to the world be greatly respected. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 13. This is such an interesting book as everyone likes. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 14. It’s so heavy a box as no one can lift. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 15. This is the same book as I bought yesterday. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 16. The school is just the same one as it was 10 years ago. 先行词： ; 关系_______词： , 在定语从句中作 三、归纳——根据以上例句，总结以上关系代词的用法 根据上面1-10例句，总结关系代词that/which/who/whom/whose的用法 根据上面11-16例句，总结关系代词as的用法 关系代词 先行词(人/物) 充当成分 that which who whom whose as 四、难点梳理： 1、 as引导定语从句 as做关系词引导定语从句，需要同时满足两个条件：①先行词被the same, such, as, so等修饰或先行词是整个主句的非限制性定语从句, ②连接词在从句中作主语或宾语。 as 引导非限制性定语从句的例子：（know, report, say, see, expect, mention, show, point out等） 1. As we all know（众所周知）, the earth is round. 2. As is reported（正如所报道的那样）, he has been married for 3 years. 3. He is late for class, as is often the case（这是常有的事儿）. 我们要将含有as定语从句的句子和such…that…, so…that…的句型进行区分。比较下列句子： 1. This is such an interesting book as everyone likes. This is such an interesting book that everyone likes it. 2. It’s so heavy a box as no one can lift. It’s so heavy a box that no one can lift it. 2、 whose引导定语从句 在定语从句中，“whose+名词” 和 “the + 名词 + of + whom” 可以互相代替。 I will talk to those students whose homework/the homework of whom hasn’t been done. 3、 先行词是物，只能用that不用which的情况 1.先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰 It’s the most interesting place that I have ever visited. 2.先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰 This is the first letter that I’ve received. 3.先行词是all, everything, nothing, something, anything, much, little, few, none等不定代词 You can do everything that you like to do. I want to read all the books that were written by Luxun. Is there anything that you can’t understand? 4.先行词被the only, the very, the last, few, little, all, much, no, one of修饰 This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy. After the fire, the old car is the only thing that he owned. 5. 先行词前有疑问代词时（先行词为人时也同样适用） Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? Who is the man that is standing there? 6. 先行词既有物又有人时 Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? 7. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语(优先用that)，先行词为人时，同样适用 The village is no longer the one that it used to be 10 years ago. 4、 只能用which（不用that）和whom（不用who）的情况【介词位于关系代词前面】，此时，which和whom虽然做宾语，但是不可省略。 There used to be a time at which/during which the Chinese people struggled for freedom. I’d like you to explain the reason for which you were absent. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, customers can also drive you mad. 【先独学再议】that/which/who/whose/whom/ ”/” 1. BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ___________gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. 2. In ancient China lived an artist ___________ paintings were almost lifelike. 3. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum ___________ opened in 1759. 4. Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop __________ she opened with her husband. 5. They were well trained by their masters ___________ had great experience with caring for these animals. 6. It wasn’t such a good dinner _________ she had promised us. 7. ________ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer. 8. The British are not familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, ________ is often the case in other countries. 9. _______ might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed. 10. There were deep cracks ________________ appeared in the well walls. 11. Two thirds of the people _________ lived there were dead or injured. 12. The number of people ________ were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. 13. 完成课本P52，第2题 14. 完成课本P56，第2题 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$