2025届高三英语一轮复习语法 非限定性定语从句 导学案

定语从句-非限定性定语从句 【导】：Compare the two sentences Group 1 A. The old man has a son who is in the army.（隐含含义： ） B. The old man has a son, who is in the army.（隐含含义： ） Group 2 A.Jim doesn’t like to ask questions which make his teacher angry. which指代 , 翻译句子 B.Jim doesn’t like to ask questions, which makes his teacher angry. which指代 , 翻译句子 【思】【议】 一、概念 1.限定性定语从句 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。限制性定语从句中，作主语的关系代词不可省略，作宾语的关系代词常可省略。如： a) What is the name of the tall woman who is standing there? 站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字? b) Toronto is a city (that) I' ve always wanted to visit. 多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。 c) The woman (that/ whom/ who) I spoke to just now is our new head. 刚才和她说话的那位是我们新来的负责人。 d) October 1, 1949 was the day when the People's Republic of China was founded. 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。 2.非限定性定语从句 非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明, 如果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。 （1） 先行词为短语时，关系词如何判定 当先行词是一个词或短语时，一般不用that和why引导，常用which, who, whom,whose, where, when等引导。非限制性定语从句中，关系词无论做什么成分都不可省略。 a) Rome, which is the capital of Italy, has a very long history. 意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。 b) He lent me a dictionary, which was just what I needed. 他借给我一本词典，这正是我所需要的。 c) We were told four ways to the top of the mountain, each of which took 60 minutes to complete. 我们被告知了四条通往山顶的路，每一条都要60分钟才能到。 d)Yesterday I met Professor King, who came from the University of London. 昨天我遇见金教授，他从伦敦大学来的。 e) I have three foreign teachers, two of whom are from Canada.我有三个外籍老师，期中两个来自加拿大。 f) In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. （2） 先行词为整个主句时，关系词如何判定 当非限制性定语从句的先行词为整个主句时，此时非限制性定语从句常由which或as引导。 a)A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present. 一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语，这令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。 b)As most people know, Fujian is famous for its tea. 众所周知，福建以茶闻名。 二、重难点 1.关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用who代替whom，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用who来代替,who在非限定性定语从句中，只能作主语。 (1) This is the girl whom/who I met in the street. 这是我在街上遇到的女孩。 先行词the girl在限制性定语从句中作宾语，可用who代替whom。 (2) A young man had a new teacher, whom he wanted to impress. 一个年轻的小伙子有了一位新老师，他想给她留下深刻印象。 (3) 比较： a) She has two brothers who are working in the city. She has more than two brothers. 她有两个弟弟在这个城市工作。（可能还有其他弟弟） b) She has two brothers, who are working in the city. She has only two brothers.她有两个弟弟，他们在这个城市工作。（只有这俩弟弟） 2.一个逗号之差，意义大相径庭。 (1) He will wear no clothes which will make him different from others. 翻译： (2) He will wear no clothes, which will make him different from others. 翻译： 3. as可以引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 (1)限定性定语从句。as多用于such…as… 或the same…as…结构，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词,引导限制性定语从句。 a)Such students as are lazy will not pass the coming test. （as 作__________语） b)I want to have such a bike as he has. （as 作__________语） c)This is the same watch as I lost. （as 作__________语） (2) as也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，经常翻译为“正如”，作用相当于which。as定语从句可在句首、句中或句尾，但which定语从句通常在句尾。 a)The elephant’s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see. b)As has been discussed in this class, cell phones are widely used. c)The pictures, as we have just seen, are of beautiful colors. d)Little pupils like playing computer games and affect their lessons, as is often the case with secondary students and senior students. 三、归纳 区别点 从句 限定性 非限定性 与先行词的关系 紧密，删除后影响主句含义 疏松，删除后不影响主句含义 逗号有无 从句前不用逗号 与主句之间用逗号隔开 that的使用 可用 不可用 which/who在从句中作宾语是否可省略 可省 不可省 whom是否可用that或who替代 可替代 不可替代 是否可修饰主句 不可 可修饰，只能用which和as 翻译时的区别 常翻译为定语 常翻译为并列的句子 读时是否停顿 不停顿 停顿，用降调 四、练习 填空 1. Here are the farmers discovered the underground city last month. 2. Hangzhou is a famous city in China many people come to buy tea. 3. I don’t know the reason she got so angry. 4. You are talking to the old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it. 5. The woman remembered the day she saw Nazis burying something near her home. 6. St Petersburg is a very beautiful city, was once called Leningrad. 7. I remember the soldier told me not to tell anyone what I had seen. 8. The soldiers moved the boxes to a mine, they wanted to hide them. 9. Xi’an is one of the few cities walls remain as good as before. 10. Shaanxi Province is a place cultural relics are well looked after. 11. In Xi’an, I met a teacher, has a strong love for cultural relics and took me to visit the history museum. 12. My grandfather was a child then, people didn’t pay much attention to cultural relics in the old days. 13. What surprised me was not what he said but the way _____________ he said it. 14. We’re just trying to reach a point ____________ both sides will sit down together and talk. 15. _______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. 16. This is the very house ____________ he lived. 17. Next winter, _________ you will spend in Harbin, I’m sure, will be another exciting holiday. 18. That’s the reason __________ he was late. 19.The pictures brought the days back to the old _____________ they swam in the river. 20.Robert and his songs _______________ were famous in the U. S. are also popular in China. 21.They are always smoking, ____________ of course, will do harm to their health. 22. The situation _____________ you use the words is very clear in fact. 23.The weather turned out to be very good, _____________was more than we could expect. 24. .___ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth. 25. Have you seen the film Titanic, _____________ leading actor is very popular. 26. Recently I bought a vase, the price of ____________ was very high. 27. ________ is mentioned above, the number of the students in the senior schools is increasing. 28. Tangshan was hit by earthquake, from _______________effects the people were still suffering. 改错 1. The reason why he explained at the meeting surprised us. 2. I can remember the days when we spent together. 3. The way in which you talked about is very important for us. 翻译： 1. I’m sure I know the person who served us. 2. Tom, who served us, is the owner of the restaurant. 3. The woman who lives next door is a doctor.4. My sister Mary, who lives in London, is a doctor. 5. She has two sons who work in the government. 6. She has two sons, who work in the government. 7. I came to Shanghai in 1988, when I was only 5. 8. We moved to Shanghai, when I was still very young. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$