选择性必修1 UNIT 4(Word教师用书)-【新高考方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（译林版2020）

项目一背诵单元词汇·充盈“语料库” 一、词块记忆“阅读词汇” 1．a barren landscape 寸草不生的景色 2．the social dimension of unemployment 失业的社会性层面 3．a clue to a problem 问题的一条线索 4．the inner ear 内耳 5．perceive the discovery as a major breakthrough 将这一发现视为一项重大突破 6．a famous novelist 一位著名的小说家 7．rigid attitudes 强硬的态度 8．modern industrialization 现代工业化 9．the modern era 当今时代 10．a school district 一个学区 11．diverge from the norm 偏离常态 12．tread on one's foot 踩某人的脚 13．nourish the talents of the children 培养孩子们的才能 14．social stability 社会稳定 15．the fight for liberty 争取自由的斗争 16．burst with vitality 充满活力 17．a slight exaggeration 有点夸张 18．frost damage 霜冻危害 19．heavily in debt 负债累累 20．a travel allowance 交通补助 二、词块记忆“核心词汇” 1．pull the curtain aside　　　 把窗帘拉到一边 2．promote the development of remote communities 促进偏远地区的发展 3．an ideal getaway 理想的度假胜地 4．undergo tests 经受考验 5．advocate the use of bikes　 提倡使用自行车 6．Hence, the meeting is of great importance. 所以，这次会议意义重大。 7．dare not go alone 不敢一个人去 8．make numerous errors 犯了许多错误 9．owe me an explanation 欠我一个解释 10．an unforgiving man 一个斤斤计较的人 三、写准用对“变形词汇” 1．freeze v．(使)冰冻→freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的→frozen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的 2．imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→implication n．含义；暗示；影响 3．detect vt.发现，查明，侦察出→detective n．侦探→detector n．探测器 4．contradict vt.& vi.反驳，驳斥；与……相矛盾，相反→contradictory adj.相互矛盾的，对立的→contradiction n．矛盾 5．interpret vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译→interpreter n．口译译员→interpretation n．解释，演绎 6．patient adj.能忍耐的；有耐心的 n．病人；患者→patience n．耐心，忍耐力→patiently adv.耐心地；有毅力地 7．constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly adv.始终，一直 8．logical adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的→logically adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地 9．mist n．薄雾，水汽→misty adj.多雾的；薄雾笼罩的；模糊的；不明晰的 10．belief n．看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心→believe v．相信→disbelief n．不信；怀疑；疑惑 11．character n．性格；特点→characterize(also characterise) vt.是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画 12．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受→tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的→tolerance n．容忍 13．distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众→distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；高贵的；受尊重的 14．represent vt.代表；描绘→representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表 15．fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引，迷住→fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的→fascinated adj.入迷的；极感兴趣的→fascination n．魅力 四、因境而异的“熟词生义或词性活用” 1．complex adj.复杂的，难懂的→n.建筑群；复合体；情结 2．grasp n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及→vt.抓紧；领会，理解 3．reward n．奖励，回报；悬赏金→vt.奖励，奖赏 4．bend n．拐弯，弯道→vi.& vt.(使)拐弯，弯曲 5．claim n．声明，宣称；所有权；索赔→vt.宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得 6．sigh n．叹气，叹息→vi.叹气，叹息 7．encounter n．相遇，遭遇，冲突→vt.偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到 8．boom n．(贸易和经济活动的)激增，繁荣→vi.迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛 9．cast n．全体演员；投，抛→vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投，抛；选派角色 10．blame n．责任，责备，指责→vt.把……归咎于，责怪，指责 11．triumph n．巨大成功，重大成就，伟大胜利→vi.打败，战胜，成功 五、记牢用活“重点短语” 1．dig up　　　　　　　　 发现，搜集，查明 2．long for 渴望 3．set sth. aside 把……放一边；留出 4．fill up with 充满…… 5．be worth one's effort 值得某人花费力气 6．go beyond normal reality 超越一般现实 7．build up 建立，开发；增强 8．out of place 不得体，不适当；位置不当 9．stick out 醒目，显眼，引人注目 10．break with sth. 与某事终止关联，破除 11．put emphasis on ... 重视，强调，把重点放在…… 12．agree with sb. on sth. 在某事上与某人意见一致 13．reach out for 伸手去拿 14．make a difference 有影响，起作用 15．generally speaking 一般而言 16．have no choice but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事 17．be deeply rooted in 深深根植于…… 18．in turn 进而；反过来；依次 19．distinguish ...from ... 　 使……有别于…… 20．make allowance for 体谅；考虑到，估计到 21．familiarize oneself with 使自己熟悉/了解/通晓…… 项目二背诵出彩表达·有话“好好说” 一、单元重点句式内外兼修 1．as if从句中的虚拟语气 教材内佳句 Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. 第二，走近诗歌，就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。 教材外佳句 ①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)At his words, I simply stood there dumbfounded, and my feet, couldn't move a bit, as if they had taken root in the ground. 听到他的话，我整个人目瞪口呆地站在那里，我的脚一动也不能动，就像已经在地上生根一样。 ②(外研版必修3佳句)They really do reach out to us across the centuries as if time itself were nothing.　这些作品穿越几个世纪，出现在我们面前，仿佛时间没有流逝一般。 2.主语＋be＋性质形容词＋动词不定式 教材内佳句 Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. 相比容易理解的诗，那些不断展现更加深刻的、先前未发现的意义的诗常常更加有趣。 教材外佳句 ①(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)Basic weaving techniques are easy to grasp but knitting complex items like hats and sweaters is not that easy any more. 基本的编织技术很容易掌握，但是编织复杂的衣物如帽子、毛衣等就没有那么容易了。 ②(外研版选择性必修2佳句)I lasted two days.The detox was more difficult to tolerate than I had expected.　我坚持了两天。社交媒体脱瘾比我预期的更加难以忍受。 3.so/as long as引导条件状语从句 教材内佳句 As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort. 只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟，或者让你发现另一层含义，你的努力就是值得的。 教材外佳句 ①As long as I have confidence in myself, I believe I will have a wonderful future. 只要我对自己有信心，我相信我会有一个美好的未来。 ②A man is not old as long as he is seeking something. 只要一个人还有追求，他就不会老。 4.make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 教材内佳句 Poetry's combination of “sound” and “sense” makes you see the world in a new way and allows you to go beyond normal reality for the everlasting beauty. 诗歌“音”与“意”的结合，让你用一种新的方式看待世界，让你超越普通的现实，追求永恒之美。 教材外佳句 ①(人教版必修2佳句)Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable. 了解了这个国家的历史，你的行程将更为愉快。 ②(外研版选择性必修1佳句)Although it's the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury, it's my job to make her feel better. 尽管为她治疗伤痛的是医生和护士，但让她的心情变好则是我的工作。 二、单元主题佳句纵横拓展 热考主题：诗歌 1．This poem conveys the author's sadness at being far from his home and family. 这首诗表达了诗人远离家乡和亲人的悲痛之情。 2．You need to have a brief understanding of the history of the Tang Dynasty to appreciate the poem well. 要欣赏好这首诗，你需要对唐朝的历史有一个简要的了解。 3．I'm deeply moved by the poem, reminding me to seize every chance to do what we should before it's too late in our life. 我被这首诗深深地打动了，它提醒我，在我们的生活中，要趁还来得及的时候抓住每次机遇去做该做的事情。 4．The mood of this poem is quite pessimistic because the author is saying goodbye to his friend, not knowing how long he will be away. 这首诗的氛围相当忧伤，因为诗人正在向他的朋友告别，不知道他会离开多久。 5．The poem uses simple language and has strong rhythm, making it easy to learn and recite. 这首诗用词简洁，韵律感强，易于学习和背诵。 6．The line written by Wang Bo “A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near” wipes away the sorrow of departure and has become a famous saying to express friendship. 王勃的这句诗“海内存知己，天涯若比邻”抹去了离别的悲伤，成为表达友谊的名句。 三、续写高分素材学中悟道 系列背诵情感表达之“沮丧” We were worrying about what could be done.But after waiting in vain for a long time, under the hot burning sun, worried and depressed, I was wandering the road aimlessly. “What if no one is willing to help us？” All of a sudden, a man with his hands waving at Mom came into our view. 高分悟道 本段中的第二句生动形象地刻画了主人公十分沮丧且焦急的心情。 高分有招 常见的描写人物沮丧的高分词汇有： hopeless　　　无望的　disappointed　失望的 discouraged 泄气的 despair 绝望 depress 使沮丧 frustrate 使懊恼 in despair 绝望地 feel blue/down　　　情绪低落 in low spirits 精神不振 be close to tears 快要哭了 pull a long face 拉长脸 一、默写重点单词 1．grasp n．　　　　 理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制； 能力所及 vt. 抓紧；领会，理解 2．complex adj. 复杂的，难懂的 n. 建筑群；复合体；情结 3．aside adv. 到旁边，在旁边；留，存；除……以外 4．remote adj. 偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的； 久远的；远亲的 5．reward vt. 奖励，奖赏 n. 奖励，回报；悬赏金 6．ideal n. 理想；典范 adj. 完美的，理想的 7．undergo vt. 经历，经受 8．advocate vt. 拥护，支持，提倡 n. 拥护者，支持者；辩护律师 9．bend vi.& vt. (使)拐弯，弯曲 n. 拐弯，弯道 10．claim n. 声明，宣称；所有权；索赔 vt. 宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得 11．hence adv. 因此，由此 12．dare vi.& vt. 敢于，胆敢；激(某人做某事) 13．encounter vt. 偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到 n. 相遇，遭遇，冲突 14．numerous adj. 众多的，许多的 15．boom n. (贸易和经济活动的)激增，繁荣 vi. 迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛 16．cast vt. 投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)； 投，抛；选派角色 n. 全体演员；投，抛 17．owe vt. 欠(情)；欠(债) 18．blame vt. 把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n. 责任，责备，指责 19．unforgiving adj. 　 棘手的；不饶人的，不宽容的 二、默写变形词汇 (依据语境提示在横线上写出单词的正确形式) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 三、默写重点短语 1．dig_up　　　　　　　　 发现，搜集，查明 2．long_for 渴望 3．set_sth._aside 把……放一边；留出 4．fill_up_with 充满…… 5．be_worth_one's_effort 值得某人花费力气 6．go_beyond_normal_reality 　 超越一般现实 7．build_up 建立，开发；增强 8．out_of_place 不得体，不适当；位置不当 9．stick_out 醒目，显眼，引人注目 10．break_with_sth. 与某事终止关联，破除 11．put_emphasis_on_... 重视，强调，把重点放在…… 12．agree_with_sb._on_sth. 在某事上与某人意见一致 13．reach_out_for 伸手去拿 14．make_a_difference 有影响，起作用 15．generally_speaking 一般而言 16．have no choice but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事 17．be_deeply_rooted_in 深深根植于…… 18．in_turn 进而；反过来；依次 19．distinguish_...from_... 　 使……有别于…… 20．make_allowance_for 体谅；考虑到，估计到 21．familiarize_oneself_with 使自己熟悉/了解/通晓…… 词汇1　grasp n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解 |题|点|盘|查|—————————(单句语法填空/同义替换)　 ①These complex formulae are beyond the grasp of the average pupil. ②Some 250 million primary school－age children do not have a grasp of basic literacy skills. ③She grasped at his coat as he rushed past her. ④I am afraid you didn't fully grasp my meaning. understand ⑤Luke seized her by the arm firmly and led her through the gate.grasped |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)get/have a grasp of　　　　　 了解；掌握 beyond one's grasp＝beyond the grasp of sb. 某人不能理解；某人抓不住 (2)grasp the chance/opportunity　 抓住机会 grasp at sth. 尽力抓住某物 名师指津：表示抓住某人的某部位时要用“grasp sb.＋by＋the＋某部位”，类似用法的动词还有take, seize, catch, lead等，表示“拉、扯、抓住某人身体某部位”。 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ⑥(续写之动作描写)Taking a deep breath, Louise stepped forward, grasped_him_by_the_hand_tightly,_and then pulled him out with all her strength. 路易斯深吸了一口气，走上前去，紧紧地抓住他的手，然后用尽全力把他拉出来。 ⑦(主旨升华句)As long as you_grasp_every_opportunity and take full advantage of it, you will realize your dreams. 只要你抓住每一个机会，并且充分利用它，你就会实现你的梦想。 词汇2　reward vt.奖励，奖赏 n．奖励，回报；悬赏金 |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①If you meet those goals, you can be rewarded with 30 dollars. ②It is so rewarding (reward) an activity that we all look forward to another one. ③He received a medal in reward for his bravery. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)reward sb.with sth.for (doing) sth.　　　 因(做)某事用……奖赏/酬谢某人 (2)give/offer a reward to sb.for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事而给某人报酬 in reward (for) 作为(对……的)回报/奖赏 as a reward for 作为……的报酬；作为……的回报 (3)rewarding adj. 有益的；有意义的 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ④(续写之细节描写)As_a_reward_for/In_reward_for_our_getting_up_early,_we enjoyed the splendid sunrise by the seaside. 作为对我们早起的回报，我们欣赏到了海边壮丽的日出景象。 词汇3　advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．拥护者，支持者；辩护律师 |题|点|盘|查|—————————(单句语法填空/同义替换)　 ①Many experts advocate reducing (reduce) the amount of children's homework and also advocate that children (should)_be_given (give) more free time. ②She has always been an advocate of/for changes to English spelling, to make it easier to learn. ③More and more companies support the development of new energy vehicles.advocate |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)advocate (doing) sth.提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事 主张……[从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”] (2)an advocate of/for ……的提倡者/拥护者 |应|用|表|达|—————————————(完成句子/一句多译)　 ④(话题写作之人物描述)As_an_advocate_of/for_low－carbon_life,_he usually goes to work by bike instead of by car. 作为低碳生活的倡导者，他通常骑自行车去上班，而不是开车。 ⑤(应用文之倡议书)I_strongly_advocate_that_we_should_make joint efforts to contribute to the youth football progress. 我强烈主张我们应该共同努力，为青少年足球运动的进步做出贡献。 ⑥(话题写作之环保)人们主张改变我们的生活方式，学会与自然和谐相处。 →People_advocate_that_we_should_change our way of life and learn to exist in harmony with nature. →It's_advocated_that_we_should_change our way of life and learn to exist in harmony with nature.(形式主语it) 词汇4　belief n．看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心 |题|点|盘|查|—————————(单句语法填空/句型转换)　 ①In contrast to your belief (believe) that we will fail, I am confident that we will succeed. ②My father has much belief in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine. ③You can believe in him; he'll never let you down. ④We were amazed, shocked, dumbfounded, shaking our heads in disbelief (belief)． ⑤Advertising is often believed to be the most effective method of promotion. →It_is_believed_that advertising is often the most effective method of promotion. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)have belief in　　　　　 相信…… confirm one's belief 坚定某人的信念 hold the firm belief that 坚信…… (2)disbelief n. 不信；怀疑；疑惑 in disbelief 难以置信；不相信 (3)believe v. 相信 believe in 信任…… Sb./Sth.is believed to＝It is believed that ... 人们相信/认为…… |应|用|表|达|—————————————(完成句子/句式升级)　 ⑥(应用文之邀请信)I_hold_the_firm_belief_that this year's music festival will make a deep impression on you. 我坚信今年的音乐节将会给你留下深刻的印象。 ⑦(应用文之建议信)No matter what happens, always believe that the things you desire may not happen today, but they will happen. →No matter what happens, always have_the_belief_that the things you desire may not happen today, but they will happen.(升级为同位语从句) 词汇5　tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的 |题|点|盘|查|—————————(单句语法填空/同义替换)　 ①A responsible teacher won't tolerate cheating (cheat) in the examinations. ②Tolerance (tolerate) consists in respecting the opinions of others. ③Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant (tolerate) smile and let him go. ④I can't tolerate working with Kate in the same office.She just refuses to stop talking while she works.bear/stand/put_up_with |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)tolerate vt.　　　　　　 容忍 tolerate (sb.) doing sth. 容忍/忍受(某人)做某事 (2)tolerance n. 宽容；容忍；忍受 名师指津： (1)tolerate后接动词作宾语时，常用其现在分词形式，即tolerate (sb.) doing sth.，意为“容忍/忍受(某人)做某事”。 (2)tolerate 表示“忍受”，其同义词有：bear, stand, put up with等。 |应|用|表|达|——————(用本单元所学词汇补全语段)　 ⑤(主旨升华句)We_both_learned_to_be_tolerant and brave enough to forgive each other.We hold_the_firm_belief_that all the argument is just about helping us to grow into a better individual instead of enemies. 我们都学会了足够宽容和勇敢地去谅解对方。我们坚信，所有的争执都是为了让我们成为更好的人，而不是成为敌人。 ⑥(续写之动作描写)John was doing his homework in his room, but he had to tolerate_being_disturbed_by_the_noise from the flat above from time to time.Finally, he lost_patience,_stood up angrily, grasped_his_coat,_slammed the door and went out. 约翰正在房间里做作业，但是他不得不忍受被时不时地从楼上公寓传来的噪音所打扰。最终，他失去了耐心，怒气冲冲地站起来，抓起外套，摔门出去了。 词汇6　owe vt.欠(情)；欠(债)；归功于 |题|点|盘|查|—————————(单句语法填空/完成句子)　 ①Owing (owe) to my lack of experience, I didn't do the work well. ②I must say I owe all the achievements to the encouragement and help from my colleagues and friends. ③You owe_your_friend_an_apology for what you have done. 你应该为你的所作所为向你的朋友道歉。 |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)owe sb. sth.　　 欠某人某物 owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物；把……归功于某人 owe it to sb.that ...　 把……归功于某人 (2)owing to/due to/on account of/as a result of/because of 因为，由于 名师指津：owe to后接宾语从句时，常用it作形式宾语，将that引导的宾语从句后置。 |应|用|表|达|—————————————(完成句子/补全语段)　 ④(应用文之感谢信)I would like to express my sincere thanks to you, for I_should_owe_it_to_you_that I have made great progress in English learning. 我想向你表达我真诚的感谢，因为我在英语学习方面取得的巨大进步应该归功于你。 ⑤(续写之细节描写)Owing_to the failure of his business, Jack owed_a_lot_of_money_to others.After three years' hard work, he eventually paid off his debts.He owed_this_to_his_effort and his parents' help. 由于生意失败，杰克欠了别人很多钱。经过三年的辛苦工作，他终于还清了债务，他把这归功于自己的努力和父母的帮助。 词汇7　blame vt.把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n．责任，责备，指责 |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①If you fail the exam, you will only have yourself to_blame (blame)． ②Blamed (blame) for the broken vase, the boy hung his head. ③They put the blame on us for the failure of the project. ④Which driver was to_blame (blame) for the accident? ⑤While we can't change the body shape we are born with, we can't blame our genes for making us fat. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)be to blame (for sth.) (对某事)负有责任，应受责备 blame sb.for sth. 因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人 blame sth.on sb./sth.　 把某事归咎于某人/某事 (2)put/lay the blame for sth.on sb. 将某事归咎于某人 take the blame (for ...) 应(为……)承担责任/受责备 名师指津：be to blame短语中blame不能用被动形式，该短语为主动形式表示被动含义。 |应|用|表|达|—————————————(完成句子/补全语段)　 ⑥(深刻说理句)A man can fail many times, but he isn't a failure until he_begins_to_blame_somebody_else. 一个人可以失败很多次，但是只要他没有开始责怪别人，他就不是一个失败者。 ⑦(应用文之倡议书)When getting along with others, we shouldn't always blame_others_for_mistakes.After all, many times we are_also_to_blame.So instead_of_blaming_others,_we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' place. 当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流，换位思考，而不是指责他人。 词汇8　set sth.aside把……放一边；留出；储存 |题|点|盘|查|　 　(写出下列句中加黑部分的含义) ①After the experiment, please set the chemicals and tools aside.将……放一边 ②I try to set aside a few minutes each day to help my mother do the housework.为……留出时间 ③After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.留出 |系|统|归|纳|　 set out　　　　　 开始做/着手进行(＋to do)； 出发，动身；陈述 set about 着手(做某事)(＋doing sth.) set up 设立，建立 set down 写下，记下 set off 出发；引爆；引起 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ④(应用文之邀请信)Now I'm glad to tell you there will be a Chinese paper－cutting exhibition in our school.I sincerely hope you can set_aside_some_time_for_the_art_feast. 现在我很高兴地告诉你，我们学校将举办一个中国剪纸展览。我真诚地希望你能抽出一些时间来参加这场艺术盛宴。 ⑤(话题写作之活动介绍)We set_off/out_early_to_take_part_in a picking activity on a farm last weekend. 上周末我们很早就动身去参加农场的采摘活动。 词汇9　generally speaking一般而言 |题|点|盘|查|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ①Strictly_speaking,_this was against the rules. 严格地说，这是违规的。 ②Generally_speaking,_in no way should your arrival be later than the fixed time. 一般来说，你的抵达时间绝不能晚于约定的时间。 ③Frankly_speaking,_there is not a better plan. 坦白地说，再没有更好的计划了。 |系|统|归|纳|　 honestly speaking　　　　 诚实地说 frankly speaking 坦率地说 exactly speaking 确切地说 strictly speaking 严格地说 personally speaking 就个人而言 briefly speaking 概括地说 roughly speaking 粗略地说 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ④(2023·浙江1月高考写作)Personally_speaking,_the activity benefited me a lot and I gained a lot of knowledge on plants. 就我个人而言，这次活动使我获益良多，我学到了很多与植物相关的知识。 句式1　as long as引导条件状语从句 |要|点|解|读|　 (1)as/so long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句。 (2)引导条件状语从句的其他连接词有：(only) if, unless, in case, on condition that, provided/providing (that), suppose/supposing (that), assume/assuming (that), given (that) 等。 (3)条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。 |习|练|规|则|————————————————————(变换句式)　 ①Work hard, and you will succeed sooner or later. →As_long_as_you_work_hard,_you will succeed sooner or later. ②If you have further questions, please feel free to let me know. →On_condition_that_you_have_further_questions,_please feel free to let me know. |应|用|写|美|　 ③(应用文之建议信)只要你不灰心，继续努力，就一定能克服困难，实现目标。 So/As_long_as_you_don't_lose_heart and keep on trying, you are sure to get over difficulties, and achieve your aims. ④(应用文之倡议书)如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上的许多动植物将会消失。 On_condition_that_we_don't_stop_climate_change,_many animals and plants in the world will be gone. 句式2　make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 |要|点|解|读|　 (1)make后接复合宾语的结构： ①make＋宾语＋adj.“使某人/某事变得……”； ②make＋宾语＋n.“使某人/某物(成为)……”； ③make＋宾语＋do“使/让某人做某事(宾语与宾语补足语之间为主动关系)”； ④make＋宾语＋done“使某人/某事被……(宾语与宾语补足语之间为被动关系)”。 (2)make在被动语态中应为：sb.be made to do sth.。 (3)作宾语补足语的名词若表示职位或头衔，则其前不加冠词。 |习|练|规|则|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①To make herself understood (understand), she tried her best, but in vain. ②The Internet makes the outside world easy (easily) for people to learn about. ③He warned any child caught misbehaving was made to_stand (stand) at the front of the class. |应|用|写|美|　 ④(话题写作之环保)废物再利用可以使我们周围的环境越来越干净。 Reusing waste can make_the_environment_around_us_cleaner_and_cleaner. ⑤(话题写作之学校生活)我们英语老师经常让我们复述课文，这对我们的英语学习很有帮助。 Our_English_teacher_often_makes_us_retell_the_texts,_which is beneficial to our English study. 句式3　主语＋be＋性质形容词＋动词不定式 |要|点|解|读|　 (1)在“主语＋be＋adj.＋动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。常见的用于此结构的形容词有：difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, (im)possible, pleasant, interesting, exciting等； (2)此结构中，动词不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若动词不定式为不及物动词，其后必须加上相应的介词。 |习|练|规|则|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①What's more, it is easy (easily) to make and can be adapted to individual tastes. ②The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to_control (control)． ③The armchair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit in. |应|用|写|美|　 ④(话题写作之学校生活)虽然有些问题我似乎不熟悉，但它们很容易回答。 Though some of the questions seem unfamiliar to me, they_are_easy_to_answer. ⑤(话题写作之学校生活)就我而言，这道数学题很难解。 As far as I'm concerned, this_maths_problem_is_very_difficult_to_work_out. 素养目标——精读真题语篇，阅读多维提能 |对接主题——文学| (2018·浙江高考·阅读理解A篇)In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century — most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719 — but nobody wanted to do it professionally.The steam－powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy (识字) rate in England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.” Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad. In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim — were held up as moral touchstones.Today Dickens' greatness is unchallenged.Removing him from the pantheon (名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa. How did Dickens get to the top？For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901；today a casual reader might be able to name a halfdozen of them.It's partly true that Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.It's partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress.But it's also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center.No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture — to understand how he made himself a lasting one. [真题再做] 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯及其作品是如何奠定他在英国文学中的地位的。 1．Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century? A．They were difficult to understand. B．They were popular among the rich. C．They were seen as nearly worthless. D．They were written mostly by women. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，那时印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，很多作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的、有悖道德的或糟糕透顶的。 2．Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress________. A．his reputation in France B．his interest in modern art C．his success in publication D．his importance in literature 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，把他从英国文学的名人堂移除就跟卢浮宫廉价出售《蒙娜丽莎》的感觉一样，可见狄更斯在英国文学史上的重要性。 3．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To remember a great writer. B．To introduce an English novel. C．To encourage studies on culture. D．To promote values of the Victorian age. 解析：选A　写作意图题。根据文中对查尔斯·狄更斯及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的介绍，和文章最后一句可知，本文写于查尔斯·狄更斯诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念查尔斯·狄更斯这位伟大的作家。 [多维提能] 一、题型思维建模 写作意图题解题攻略(以第3题为例) 1．警惕易错易误——曲解文意 本题易误选C。部分考生根据最后一段最后一句中的“important for our own culture”，并结合整篇文章都是在探究Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要贡献和深远影响，就误认为作者旨在鼓励人们进行文化研究，从而误选C项。 2．内化题型技法——深层剖析探意图 写作意图类题目需要考生能够透过文本的表象内容深层剖析作者写这篇文章的根本动机和终极目的。作者写一篇文章的目的并不一定是文章中所有内容的简单概括，但一定是所有内容的共同指向。 以本题为例，根据文中对Charles Dickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章最后“But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture — to understand how he made himself a lasting one.”可知，本文写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周年前夕，由此推断作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。 二、词汇拓展训练 1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义) ①(一词多义)The steam－powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy (识字) rate in England was under 50%. v.驱动；n.阶段 ②(熟词生义)Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad. adv.绝对地 ③(一词多义)Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901；today a casual reader might be able to name a half－dozen of them. adv.大约 ④(熟词生义)It's partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. n.浪潮 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ①for the most part　　　　　 大多数情况下 ②look upon ...as ... 将……看作…… ③be held up as 被推举为 ④moral touchstones 道德的试金石 ⑤make sense 有意义；讲得通 ⑥sell off 甩卖；抛售 ⑦get to the top 到达顶端 ⑧put ...at the center 将……置于核心地位 三、长难句式破译 But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture — to understand how he made himself a lasting one. 抓标志：从属连词as；连接词how 判类型：时间状语从句＋主句(含有一个宾语从句) 试翻译：但随着他诞辰200周年的临近，有可能——对我们自己的文化也很重要——了解他是如何让自己成为一个永恒的作家的。 课时作业(一) Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The teacher's smile implied (表明) that she had forgiven me. 2．At that time, we did not fully grasp (理解) the significance of what had happened. 3．The ocean ecosystem is made up of very complex (复杂的) food chains. 4．Due to the economic depression, the Italian industrial production is undergoing (经历) a period of decline. 5．The silent girl distinguished (使出众) herself in the English Speech Competition, which attracted the attention of the whole class. 6．Many people hold a firm belief (看法) that the cure for cancer will be found one day. 7．I'm at your command and hence (因此)，I will obey your orders. 8．It was by chance that I encountered (偶然碰到) my former classmate on the street the other day. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Visitors were fascinated (fascinate) by the wonderful music fountain show and the beauty of nature in Hangzhou. 2．Teachers have to constantly (constant) update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional competence. 3．Outwardly she seemed confident but in reality (real) she felt extremely nervous. 4．If you want to sway someone to your side, you need to convince them emotionally and logically (logic)． 5．It is considerate that the plan makes allowance for people working at different rates. 6．This function of the Internet is particularly striking (strike) when I'm writing. 7．For the next four years, Mrs Des Forges led a team of researchers to dig up the facts. 8．Our school doesn't advocate students staying (stay) in the classroom too long because students should have time for sports. Ⅲ.选词填空 have no choice but to, set aside, make allowance for, break with, in turn, be rooted in, familiarize oneself with, out of place, make a difference 1．As you grow wiser, you should break_with your old ideas. 2．Language learning should be_rooted_in reality, the world and the future. 3．When we're planning for a trip, we should make_allowance_for the weather. 4．Till now Mary has not yet familiarized_herself_with the use of this new application. 5．Set_aside half an hour to read every night before you go to bed. 6．Theory is based on practice, and in_turn serves practice. 7．If he was able to get others' encouragement, it would make_a_difference to him. 8．He has not shown up.But we have_no_choice_but_to wait. 9．Some of these books are out_of_place,_making the whole room messy. Ⅳ.多维表达 1．(完成句子)My respectable class teacher treats me as_if_she_were_my_mother.(as if) 我尊敬的班主任像我的母亲一样对待我。 2．(完成句子)I like getting up very early in summer.The_morning_air_is_so_good_to_breathe.(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do) 在夏天我喜欢早起。早晨的空气呼吸起来很好。 3．(完成句子)Secondly, the Internet can make_people_self－centred — not thinking of anyone or anything but themselves.(make复合宾语) 其次，互联网使人们以自我为中心，不去想除自己之外的任何人或任何事。 4．(完成句子)Speaking of table manners, keep your voice low during the meal even_if_you_are_not_used_to_it.(even if) 说到餐桌礼仪，即使你不习惯，吃饭时也要小声一些。 5．(完成句子)I believe I can use the Internet very well as_long_as_I_know_how_to_control_myself.(as long as) 我相信只要我知道如何控制自己，我就能很好地使用互联网。 6．The Incas' dry stone method of building is especially amazing. →Especially_amazing_is_the_Incas'_dry_stone_method_of_building.(升级为倒装句) Ⅴ.阅读理解 A (2024·广州模拟) One part of the oath (誓言) taken by physicians requires us to “remember that there is art to medicine, and that warmth, sympathy and understanding may outweigh the surgeon's knife or the chemist's drug.” When I, along with my medical school class, recited that oath at my white coat ceremony a year ago, I admit that I was more focused on the biomedical aspects than the “art”． Actually, medical professionals can get too easily caught up in treating to remember there is still space for healing.As doctors learn to communicate with patients beyond the restricted language of physical indicators, drug protocols and surgical interventions that may go against healing, they are reaching for new tools — poetry. One clinical trial studied the effect of music or poetry on the pain, depression, and hope scores of 65 adult patients under cancer treatment.They found that both types of art therapy (疗法) produced similar improvements in pain and depression scores.Only poetry, however, increased hope scores.Researchers assumed that poetry can break the so－called law of silence, according to which talking about one's perception of illness is taboo.After listening to poetry, one participant said, “I feel calmer when I hear those words.They show me that I'm not alone.” Insights like these are already making their way into the clinic.Sarah Friebert runs a care center where children are visited by a writer who helps them create poems and stories for publication.Eric Elshtain uses poetry on the wards to teach children the power of self－expression.He's found that many of his patients write haikus about things like sports or their favorite stuffed animal, rather than their experience in a hospital bed.Poetry, as he said, is a way to both accept the hospital encounter and escape from it. While a poem a day won't cure, it might help relieve.I've decided that I'll learn how to meet my patients beyond the chart documents; that I'll encourage them to write their own stories; that I will heal as well as treat.In other words, I'll honor each and every word in the oath I took last year. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者自身的经历说明诗歌在治疗疾病的过程中起着重要作用。 1．According to the text, what is the author probably? A．A young poet. B．A clinical expert. C．A medical student. D．An experienced physician. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句以及后文的“When I, along with my medical school class, recited that oath at my white coat ceremony a year ago”可知，作者的身份是一名学医的学生。 2．What insight can we gain from the clinical trial in Paragraph 3? A．Music works better in reducing depression. B．Poetry makes people open about their illness. C．Patients are likely to lose hope without poems. D．Art therapy is the key to cancer treatment. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，在临床试验的研究中，诗歌对于疼痛和抑郁有着改善作用，即诗歌能使人们对自己的疾病敞开心扉。 3．What can we infer about the author according to the last paragraph? A．He will change his career path. B．He will well remember the oath. C．He begins to take his work seriously. D．He has better understood his job. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，刚毕业时，作者并不认为自己的工作与艺术有什么关系；根据最后一段中“While a poem a day won't cure, it might help relieve.”可知，后来作者通过临床的实验以及研究最终明白了诗歌有助于缓解压力，艺术与医学是相关的，即作者对自己的工作有了更深入的了解。 4．Where is the text taken from? A．A news report. B．A research paper. C．A public speech. D．An application letter. 解析：选C　文章出处题。通读全文特别是文章最后一段中“I've decided that I'll ...; that I will ....In other words, I'll ...”的语言风格可推断，文章出自于一篇演讲稿。 B (2024·深圳调研)From cottages surrounded by impressive gardens to days spent exploring sandy beaches and deep woods filled with wildlife, in My Family and Other Animals, English writer Gerald Durrell provided a vivid account of his family's time on the Greek island of Corfu in the 1930s. Come for the arresting descriptions of Corfu landscapes and stay for Durrell's laugh－out－loud tales of his unusual family.This book, Durrell wrote humorously in the introduction, “was intended to be a nostalgic (怀旧的) account of natural history, but in the first few pages, I_made_the_mistake_of_introducing_my_family.” Durrell, later known for his zoo keeping and the preservation of wildlife, was just a child during his family's five－year stay in Corfu.He is the 10－year－old Gerry in the book — curious, passionate about animals and a detailed storyteller of his strange family: his imaginative elder brother Larry with his literary ambitions, lovestruck sister Margo, sporty brother Leslie and his ever－calm, loving mother. Durrell's attention to detail is what makes the book so attractive, with every sight, sound and smell of the island brought to life.One minute you'll be laughing as Larry's clever literary friends walk down to the daffodil－yellow cottage, and the next minute you'll be catching your breath as Durrell describes swimming at night in the Ionian Sea：“Lying on my back in the silky water, staring at the sky, only moving my hands and feet slightly, I was looking at the Milky Way stretching like a silk scarf across the sky and wondering how many stars it contained.” My Family and Other Animals is quite difficult to classify, being one part travel, one part autobiography, one part natural history, and one part comedy, with a thread of descriptive language running throughout that sometimes raises it nearly to poetry. As a real delight to read, it's the perfect literary escapism for any adult or older teenager who is currently walking down a tough road in life. 语篇解读：本文是一篇书评。文章主要向读者推荐了英国作家Gerald Durrell的作品《我的家人和其他动物》，并介绍了其内容、写作风格等。 5．Which word best describes Durrell's life in Corfu? A．Risky. B．Busy. C．Tough. D．Diverse. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“From cottages surrounded ... filled with wildlife”可知，书中记录了被花园包围的小屋、沙滩、充满野生生物的树林深处。据此可以推断，Durrell在科孚岛的生活丰富多彩。 6．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean? A．I introduced my family by mistake. B．I shouldn't have introduced my family. C．I couldn't help introducing my family. D．I gave wrong information about my family. 解析：选C　句意理解题。 结合画线句前面的“was intended to be a nostalgic account of natural history”可知，Durrell的原计划是记录自然历史，实际情况却是写了家人；根据画线句前面的“Durrell wrote humorously”可知，画线句的意思并非其字面意思。因此，Durrell在前面几页描写家人应是故意而为之，故C项与画线句的意义最为接近。 7．What are Paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly about? A．The book's writing feature. B．Durrell's rich imagination. C．Some interesting plots of the book. D．Some vivid descriptions of the island. 解析：选A　段落大意题。根据第四段中的“Durrell's attention to detail is what makes the book so attractive”和第五段中的“being one part travel ... with a thread of descriptive language”可知，第四、五段主要讲的是这本书的写作特点。 8．What is the purpose of this text? A．To share an experience. B．To recommend a book. C．To introduce a writing style. D．To describe an unusual place. 解析：选B　写作意图题。根据本文内容，尤其是最后一段可知，本文的写作目的是向读者推荐《我的家人和其他动物》这本书。 课时作业(二) Ⅰ.阅读七选五 In China, poetry is an important part of the curriculum and, with recent changes announced by the Ministry of Education, the number of poems students will have to memorize and recite is being increased from fourteen to seventy－two.Now, before you gasp in horror, let's think about the reasons why studying so many poems, especially ancient poems, is important. First of all, poetry is an essential part of traditional Chinese culture.__1__ It is also the key to understanding the thoughts and emotions that are common to everyone but which we may be unable to express — the joy of Li Bai dancing with the moon, for example.Everyone has feelings of joy, love, loneliness, sadness and even anger.__2__ __3__ In a few short lines, even something commonplace can become beautiful.Here is a poem called “Fog” by Carl Sandberg: The fog comes/on silent haunches (弓腰蹲着)/and then moves on.Yes, fog does move smoothly, silently and mysteriously like a cat, and Sandberg captures that feeling and image, and makes it beautiful. __4__ After all, a poem is really just a song without music.Most ancient poetry, especially Western poetry, was actually spoken before it was written.Take Homer's Iliad, for example.The story was apparently told for hundreds of years in palaces and on street corners before Homer wrote it down. The American poet Robert Frost said, “Poetry is when an emotion has found its thought and the thought has found words.” And poems are very concise — there is not a wasted word.__5__ A．Poetry is difficult to recite. B．Poems can also express beauty. C．Few people read it for pleasure. D．It is a pathway to understanding your history and your society. E．Of course, to really appreciate poetry, it has to be read aloud. F．You are lucky that you now have seventy－two poems to learn! G．A good poem can put those emotions into words and bring us self－understanding. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为什么学习中国诗歌特别是中国古典诗歌很重要。 1．解析：选D　设空句的下一句“It is also the key to understanding the thoughts and emotions ...”中的“also”提示上句与此句语义属于同类，句中的“understanding”是关键词，选项D中具有同样的关键词，且语义“这是了解你们的历史和社会的途径”与下句属同类排比，符合语境。 2．解析：选G　设空句上一句“Everyone has feelings of joy, love, loneliness, sadness and even anger.”中“feelings”是关键词，选项G中的“emotions”是它的近义词，故选项G“一首好诗能把这些情感变成文字，带给我们对自我的认知”能够承接上文，符合语境。 3．解析：选B　设空句为段首句，总领全段，是本段的主旨大意句。根据后文可知，本段的中心意思是诗歌赋予了平常事物美丽的意境。故选项B“诗歌也可以表达美”能够概括本段大意。 4．解析：选E　设空句为段首句，总领全段，要能概括本段中心大意。根据后文可知，本段中心大意是诗歌就像是没有曲子的歌，先有了口口相传，才有了文字展现。故选项E“当然，要真正欣赏诗歌，必须大声朗读”符合本段中心大意。 5．解析：选F　设空句为文章的末句，要总结全文。在文章第一段提到：学生必须记忆和背诵的诗歌数量从十四首增加到七十二首。文章在介绍了学习诗歌为什么重要后，告诉读者，学习诗歌多多益善。故选项F“你很幸运，你现在有七十二首诗要学！”呼应开头并总结全文，符合语境。 Ⅱ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2024·山西五校联考)We call Talent Show the biggest stage in our country.I stood on that huge stage, with my throat dry.As I stared at the audience, I knew this moment could change my life forever.When judges asked my name and I tried to speak，nothing came out.The crowd fell silent, waiting for the words to come.Finally I stuttered (结巴地说) my name and my age.“As you can tell，” I said, “I have a speech disorder ...” I'd love to sing and had already signed up for the school talent show in fourth grade when I started stuttering.Fortunately, most of the kids at my school were kind, and I was rarely made fun of.I tried speech therapy too, but it didn't help.I feared to sing in the school talent show.Therefore, I decided to practice at home.To my surprise, the words came smoothly when I sang.And then I decided to learn to play the guitar, which was given as a birthday gift by my father. One afternoon, I walked into the basement, where I kept my musical equipment.My eyes lit on the guitar.I picked it up and started playing.I opened my mouth, and the words came flooding out.Then I wrote a song called I Will Trust, telling the pain I'd experienced.The next day, I filmed a video of performing the song and posted it online.Hundreds of strangers left comments that I had uplifted them with my music.Ever since, I've been writing songs. Last year I started college and majored in music production.When I saw Talent Show audition (试唱) announcement pop up on my computer, I wanted to have a try.Several months later, I was standing on that stage, trying to calm my nerves as I introduced myself, “I have a speech impediment.” I said, “It was definitely something that caused me to ...” I took a long pause to find the words, “...to hide.But I found that I don't stutter when I sing.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Then I began to sing a new song I'd just written.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ My performance on Talent Show had a deep influence on me.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： Then I began to sing a new song I'd just written.I tried to focus on the music, instead of the eyes on me.And just as I'd said, there was no stutter at all.When I finished, the whole crowd was on its feet, and so were the judges.I couldn't hold back my tears when the judges thought highly of my beautiful voice.For my second performance, I sang another original song.I placed fifth in my round of the finals, with which I was really satisfied. My performance on Talent Show had a deep influence on me.Now, I'm more comfortable putting myself out there, taking the risk that I might get denied.I continue to have difficulty speaking, yet I'm able to speak fluently through my music.I still find myself worrying about the future I can't control, but I know that I can go as far as possible.I really feel grateful for the hard times I've been through and the struggles I've endured, which are what make me who I am. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$