选择性必修1 UNIT 3(Word教师用书)-【新高考方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（译林版2020）

项目一背诵单元词汇·充盈“语料库” 一、词块记忆“阅读词汇” 1．a landscape painting　　　　　 一幅风景画 2．an art gallery 一个艺术展览馆 3．a rural setting 乡村环境 4．work with like－minded artists 和志趣相投的艺术家们一起工作 5．by delicate brushwork 以细腻的笔触 6．the calling to become a doctor 成为医生的使命感 7．an anti－smoking campaign 一场反对吸烟的运动 8．modern architecture 现代建筑设计 9．the first scroll painting 第一幅卷轴画 10．a fall in coffee crop 咖啡产量的下降 11．a global perspective 全球视野 12．enormous pressure 巨大的压力 13．a comprehensive study 全面的研究 14．the grammatical structures 语法结构 15．an overall improvement 全面的提高 16．a literary critic 一位文学评论家 17．political views 政治观点 18．a financial crisis 一场金融危机 19．on a mass scale 大规模地 20．the exhibition of rare species 稀有物种展览 二、词块记忆“核心词汇” 1．the last decade of the nineteenth century　　 19世纪的最后10年 2．depend mostly on you 主要取决于你 3．dominate the first half of the match 在上半场比赛中占据上风 4．a vivid description 生动的描述 5．raw material 原材料 6．a writer of great insight 有深刻洞察力的作家 7．wind one's way 蜿蜒前行 8．for no apparent reason 原因不明；不知何故 9．precise details 确切的细节 10．an outstanding scientist 一位杰出的科学家 11．during his career 在他的职业生涯中 三、写准用对“变形词汇” 1．neighbour n．邻居→neighbouring adj.邻近的；接壤的→neighbourhood (AmE neighborhood) n．街区，城区；邻近的地方 2．strike vt.& vi.(struck, struck)突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴) n．罢工；袭击；击，打→striking adj.引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的 3．liberate v．解放，使自由，释放→liberated adj.被解放的；被释放的→liberation n．解放，摆脱 4．oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposed adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的→opposition n．反对；相反；敌对 5．employ vt.运用，使用；雇用→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员→employment n．雇用；工作，职业→unemployed adj.失业的→unemployment n．失业 6．real adj.真的，真正的→realize vt.实现→really adv.真正地→reality n．现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历→realistic adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的 7．essence n．本质，精髓；香精，精油→essential adj.必要的，本质的→essentially adv.实质上；本来 8．bath n．洗澡；沐浴→bathe vt.以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗 9．arrange vt.& vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备→arrangement n．布置；整理 10．ambition n．雄心；野心→ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的→ambitiously adv.雄心勃勃地；热切地；劲头十足地 11．inspect vt.检查；视察→inspection n．检查，查看，审视；视察→inspector n．检查员，巡视员 12．expose vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触→exposed adj.暴露的；无遮蔽的→exposure n．暴露；揭露 四、因境而异的“熟词生义或词性活用” 1．wander vi.& vt.闲逛，漫步→v.走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折 2．vision n．视力，视野→n.远见卓识；想象 3．worthy adj.值得(或应得)……的→adj.值得尊敬的，值得注意的 4．shade n．阴影部分；阴凉处→n.色度 5．wage n．(通常指按周领的)工资，工钱→vt.开始，发动 6．campaign n．(宣传)活动，运动；战役→vt.& vi.发起运动，参加活动 7．display n．陈列，展览；表现；展示→vt.陈列，展出；显示，表现 8．sail n．帆；乘船航行→vi.& vt.(乘船)航行；起航；驾驶(船只)；飘，掠 9．decline n．衰退，衰落，减少，下降→vi.& vt.减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝 10．overthrow n．推翻，打倒→vt.推翻，打倒 五、记牢用活“重点短语” 1．leave/make a deep/strong impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻的印象 2．up close 在近处，很近地 3．along with 与……一起 4．as opposed to (表示对比)而，相对于 5．result in 导致，造成 6．play with 巧妙地利用/新奇地运用…… 7．have free access to 可以自由地利用/使用 8．pick up 捡起，拾起，拿起 9．all walks of life 各行各业，社会各界 10．go about sth. 忙于做某事，继续做某事 11．thanks to 幸亏，由于 12．at first sight 乍一看，初看时；初次见到 13．crash into sth. 碰撞某物，撞击某物 14．point to sth. 暗示某事，预示某事 15．in decline 在下降 16．be down to 由……引起(或造成) 17．in one's own right 凭自身的资格(或努力) 18．in one piece 完好无损 19．speak volumes about 　 充分说明，清楚表明 项目二背诵出彩表达·有话“好好说” 一、单元重点句式内外兼修 1．while引导让步状语从句 教材内佳句 While it was hard to pick a favourite painting out of so many amazing works ... 虽然从这么多令人称奇的作品中很难选出一幅最喜欢的…… 教材外佳句 ①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)While I think it's a good idea to do oral practice with someone, I have some concerns about the random pairing. 虽然我认为和别人一起做口语练习是个好主意，但我对随机分组有些担忧。 ②(外研版必修3佳句)In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head. 事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。 2.every time引导时间状语从句 教材内佳句 It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene, he brought the pond's beauty to the canvas in a unique way. 令人赞叹的是，莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景，都以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布之上。 教材外佳句 (外研版必修3佳句)Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served every time you visit. 也许被你评价为“很好吃”的菜肴会在你每次到访时都出现在餐桌上。 3.强调句型： It was ...that ... 教材内佳句 Although the paintings had very different settings, it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d'Orsay ... 尽管这两幅画的背景截然不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆后很长一段时间里，一直萦绕着我的却是它们的相似之处…… 教材外佳句 ①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)It was at that moment that a warm surge of streams surged into my heart, and the image of the horse emerged in my mind, encouraging me to continue writing. 就在那时一股暖流涌入心中，马的形象又出现在我的脑海中，鼓励我继续写作。 ②(外研版选择性必修2佳句) It was from then on that his grandchildren started to be in control of what to do with the money they receive: spend, save, invest or give? 从那时起，他的孙子孙女们就开始自己掌控如何处理所得的钱：用于消费、储蓄、投资还是给予他人？ 4.“be such that ... (程度如此之深 ……以至于……)”结构中的倒装 教材内佳句 Such is its worth that several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll. 这幅画价值如此之高，以至于后世有几位皇帝甚至命令当朝最有才华的画家来临摹这幅长卷。 教材外佳句 Such was the popularity of the song that it was repeatedly played at the festival venue. 这首歌的人气如此之高，以至于在庆典现场反复播放。 二、单元主题佳句纵横拓展 热考主题：艺术 1．Not only will you learn more about art, but you'll see the city with new eyes. 你不仅能学到更多的艺术知识，还能以全新的眼光看待这座城市。 2．The painting, which shows the meaning of life, leaves a great impression on me. 这幅展现了生命的意义的画作给我留下了非常深刻的印象。 3．She learnt paper－cutting in 1968 and she has helped many people learn paper－cutting since her retirement. 她在1968年开始学剪纸，自从退休后，她帮助许多人学习剪纸(艺术)。 4．Her amazing masterpieces have inspired and brought wonder to so many people over the years. 多年来，她令人赞叹的杰作给许多人带来了灵感和奇迹。 5．Spanish artist, Pablo Picasso, is considered to be one of the greatest western painters in the twentieth century. 西班牙画家巴勃罗·毕加索被认为是20世纪最伟大的西方画家之一。 6．Qi Baishi, one of China's greatest painters, followed the traditional Chinese styles of painting. 齐白石是中国最伟大的画家之一，他继承了中国传统绘画的风格。 三、续写高分素材学中悟道 系列背诵情感表达之“悲伤” Wordlessly，Holly sat in the car on the way home. Upon arriving home, Holly sank slowly into the sofa motionlessly, crossing her fingers on her lap, with sorrow and regret written all over her tear－stained face. Half confused, half concerned, I softly asked her what was up. Hesitating for a moment, she murmured, “I threw away the carpet.” Meanwhile, large bright drops of tears rolled heavily down her cheeks. 高分悟道 本段中使用了“Wordlessly, motionlessly，with sorrow and regret，tear－stained face, large bright drops of tears rolled heavily down her cheeks”等，生动形象地描写了霍利在回家的路上以及到家后的悲伤心情。 高分有招 常见的表示“悲伤”的高分词块有： break one's heart　　　　伤心欲绝 with a sinking heart 心情沉重 sadness comes in waves 悲伤如潮涌 be numb with sorrow 难过得麻木 float in an ocean of sorrow 漂浮在悲伤的海洋里 be cut up 伤心极了 be overcome with grief 悲痛欲绝 tears roll/run/stream down one's cheeks 泪水顺着脸颊流淌 cast a cloud/shadow of gloom over one's face给某人脸上蒙上了一层悲伤的阴影 一、默写重点单词 1．wander vi.& vt. 　 闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折 2．decade n. 十年，十年期 3．mostly adv. 主要地，一般地 4．display vt. 陈列，展出；显示，表现 n. 陈列，展览；表现；展示 5．worthy adj. 值得(或应得)……的； 值得尊敬的，值得注意的 6．shade n. 阴影部分；色度；阴凉处 7．wage vt. 开始，发动 n. (通常指按周领的)工资，工钱 8．raw adj. 未经加工的，自然状态的； 生的，未烹制的 9．insight n. 洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟 10．wind vi.& vt. 蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕 11．sail vi.& vt. (乘船)航行；起航；驾驶(船只)；飘，掠 n. 帆；乘船航行 12．apparent adj. 显而易见，明白易懂，显然 13．precise adj. 细致的，精细的；准确的， 精确的；恰好的 14．decline n. 衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi.& vt. 减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝 15．overthrow vt. 推翻，打倒 n. 推翻，打倒 16．outstanding adj. 优秀的，杰出的；突出的，明显的 17．career n. 经历，事业；生涯，职业 二、默写变形词汇 (依据语境提示在横线上写出单词的正确形式) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 三、默写重点短语 1．leave/make_a_deep/strong_impression_on_sb. 　　　　　　　　 给某人留下深刻的印象 2．up_close 在近处，很近地 3．along_with 与……一起 4．as_opposed_to (表示对比)而，相对于 5．result_in 导致，造成 6．play_with 巧妙地利用/新奇地运用…… 7．have_free_access_to 可以自由地利用/使用 8．pick_up 捡起，拾起，拿起 9．all_walks_of_life 各行各业，社会各界 10．go_about_sth. 忙于做某事，继续做某事 11．thanks_to 幸亏，由于 12．at_first_sight 乍一看，初看时；初次见到 13．crash_into_sth. 碰撞某物，撞击某物 14．point_to_sth. 暗示某事，预示某事 15．in_decline 在下降 16．be_down_to 由……引起(或造成) 17．in_one's_own_right 凭自身的资格(或努力) 18．in_one_piece 完好无损 19．speak_volumes_about 　 充分说明，清楚表明 词汇1　wander vi.& vt.闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折 n．游荡；闲逛 |题|点|盘|查|　 　(写出下列句中加黑部分的词性及含义) ①The child wandered off and got lost, which made her parents very worried.vi.走失 ②I went to the park and had a wander around.n.闲逛 ③She drove with her mind wandering, which caused an accident.vi.走神 |系|统|归|纳|　 wander around/about　　　 徘徊，游荡 wander away 走散 wander off/from ... 偏离…… wander in 溜进 wander back to 回想到 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ④(续写之环境描写)The moon cast a bright light over the town.We wandered_around/about_the_street in the moonlight. 月亮给小镇撒下了清辉，我们在月色下漫步街头。 ⑤(应用文之建议信)When answering the interviewers' questions, try to keep your answers simple and don't wander_off_the_point. 在回答面试官们的问题时，尽量把你的答案说简单点，别偏离正题。 词汇2　employ vt.运用，使用；雇用 |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①For the past three years, he has been employed as a firefighter. ②A number of people have been employed to_deal (deal) with this difficult project. ③The young employee (employ) couldn't stand the pressure from work and resigned. ④Employers (employ)should provide a safe working environment, as far as is reasonably practicable. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)employ sb.as ...　　 雇用某人担任……(职位) employ sb.to do sth. 雇用某人做某事 employ oneself in (doing) sth. ＝be employed in (doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事；从事某事 (2)employment n．　　　　 工作；聘请，雇用 employer n. 雇主 employee n. 雇员 unemployment n. 失业 |应|用|表|达|——————————————(词汇/句式升级)　 ⑤(续写之情绪描写)It upset us that he said he was busy with a very important experiment, so he would not attend the party. →It upset us that he said he was_employed_in_doing a very important experiment, so he would not attend the party.(用employ升级) →It upset us that he said employed_in_doing a very important experiment, he would not attend the party.(用过去分词短语作状语) 词汇3　arrange vt.& vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备 |题|点|盘|查|————————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①During vacation, we have been making arrangements (arrange) for the new coming term. ②For your visit here, we have arranged for you to_take (take) part in a variety of activities. ③Parents arrange everything for children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)arrange sth. for sb.　　　　 为某人安排某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange for ... to do sth. 安排……做某事 It is/was arranged that ... 商定/说好…… (2)arrangement n. 安排；筹备；布置；整理 make arrangements for ... 为……做安排 名师指津：表示“安排某人/物做某事”不能用arrange sb./sth. to do sth.，而应用arrange for sb./sth. to do sth.。 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ④(应用文之通知)If you are interested, please sign up at the office before 5：00 p．m.next Thursday so that we will make_necessary_arrangements. 如果你感兴趣，请在下周四下午5点前到办公室报名，以便我们做出必要的安排。 ⑤(话题写作之节日介绍)I'd like to tell you that my classmates and I have_arranged_to_visit_the_nearby_nursing_home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. 我想告诉你，我和同学们已安排好下周六去附近的敬老院过重阳节。 ⑥(话题写作之活动介绍)In order to help them experience traditional Chinese culture, we arranged_for_them_to_learn Kungfu and enjoy Peking Opera from 1：30 p．m. to 5：00 p．m. 为了帮助他们体验中国传统文化，我们安排他们在下午1：30～5：00学习功夫并欣赏京剧。 词汇4　expose vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触 |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①Some people think we shouldn't expose the children to playing (play) computer games. ②Being_exposed (expose) to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human body. ③The more birds are exposed (expose) to light, the more active they are at night. ④There are still many children exposed (expose) to second－hand smoking now. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)expose ... to ...　　　　 使……接触…… expose oneself to ... 使自己面临……；使自己暴露于…… (2)exposed adj. 暴露的，无遮蔽的 be exposed to 遭受到；(使)接触到 名师指津： (1)上述短语中的to均为介词，后应跟名词、代词或动名词。 (2)expose oneself to ...与be exposed to ...在句中作状语时，形式分别为exposing oneself to ...与exposed to ...。 |应|用|表|达|—————————————(句式升级/补全语段)　 ⑤(应用文之建议信)If you expose yourself to the sunlight for a long time, you will get your skin harmed. →If you are_exposed_to_the_sunlight_for_a_long_time,_you will get your skin harmed. →Exposing_yourself_to_the_sunlight_for_a_long_time,_you will get your skin harmed. →Exposed_to_the_sunlight_for_a_long_time,_you will get your skin harmed. ⑥(应用文之建议信)We should expose_ourselves_to as much art and culture as possible.Being_exposed_to such atmosphere will greatly benefit our growth. 我们应该接触尽可能多的艺术和文化，接触这种氛围将十分有益于我们的成长。 词汇5　decline n．衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi.& vt.减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝 |题|点|盘|查|　 　(写出下列句中加黑部分的词性及含义) ①There has been a sharp decline in profits this year.n.下降 ②We asked her to come to our party, but she declined.vt.谢绝 ③The number of staff has declined from 217,000 to 114,000.vi.下降 ④His health has begun to decline because he is old.vi.衰退 |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)on the decline＝in decline 下降；处于衰退中 a decline in ……方面的下降/减少 go/fall into decline 衰退 (2)decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事 decline by/to ... 下降了/下降到…… 名师指津：decline表示“谢绝”时，已含有“拒绝接受”之意，其后一般不接to accept，以免语义重复。 |应|用|表|达|——————(用本单元所学词汇补全语段)　 ⑤(续写之细节描写)She declined_to_go_to_the_cinema with me, saying that she wasn't feeling well but a classmate told me she had seen_my_friend_wandering_about_the_street_with_another_girl. 她拒绝和我一起去看电影，说她感觉身体不舒服。但我的一个同学告诉我，她看见我朋友和另一个女生在逛街。 ⑥(话题写作之环境保护)There's a widely－held belief that the diversity of species has_been_on_the_decline/in_decline in the past few years.Workers in a nature reserve told the reporter that there_was_an_apparent_decline_in the population of the crane in the wild, which has_declined__by_about_13_percent over the past three years. 人们普遍认为过去几年物种多样性在减少。一处自然保护区的工作人员告诉记者，野生鹤的数量有着很明显的减少，过去三年中已下降了13%左右。 词汇6　thanks to幸亏，由于 |题|点|盘|查|———————————————(单句语法填空)　 ①I'd love to go to the party. Thanks for your inviting me. ②Thanks to their support and help, we were not so badly off during the past decade. |系|统|归|纳|　 (1)thanks for　　　 因为……而表示感谢 (2)due to＝because of＝on account of＝owing to 由于；因为 |应|用|表|达|————————————————————(完成句子)　 ③(话题写作之学校生活)Thanks_to_all_the_classmates'_efforts_and_teachers'_help,_we lived the school life to the fullest, without regrets left. 多亏了同学们的努力和老师们的帮助，我们过着充实的校园生活，未留遗憾。 ④(续写之环境描写)The town was cut off from the rest of the world due_to/owing_to/because_of/on_account_of_the_heavy_snow. 由于暴雪，这个小镇与外界隔绝了。 词汇7　pick up捡起，拾起；接收；学会；得到；收拾，整理；(用车)接；(身体)好转；买到；(跌倒后)慢慢站起身 |题|点|盘|查|　 　(写出下列句中加黑部分的含义) ①The room must be picked up before the guests arrive.收拾 ②My radio can pick up the BBC programmes clearly.收听 ③The school bus picks up the children three times every day.(用车)接 ④It's surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly — he hasn't lived there very long.(偶然)学会 ⑤Business has been depressing but they expect it to pick up again.情况好转 |系|统|归|纳|　 pick out　　　　　 挑出；辨别出；挑选；领会；理解 pick off 摘掉；摘下来 pick from 从……中挑选 pick over 精挑细选 pick yourself up (跌倒后)站起来 pick and choose 挑拣；精挑细选 |应|用|表|达|—————————————(完成句子/补全语段)　 ⑥(应用文之建议信)Once_you_pick_up_some_bad_habits,_ you may find it hard to get rid of them. 你一旦染上一些坏习惯，就会发现它们很难除掉。 ⑦(应用文之建议信)When we are exposed to an English－speaking atmosphere, we will pick_up_the_language much more easily. 当我们置身于说英语的环境中时，会更容易学会这门语言。 ⑧(续写之细节描写)Autumn is the busiest season for them.In their spare time, they will employ_themselves_in_helping their parents in the orchard.Every day, they need to pick_out_the_best_fruits and get them ready for market.(要求：用本单元所学词汇补全语段) 秋天对他们来说是最繁忙的季节。在业余时间，他们要忙着在果园里给父母帮忙。他们每天都要挑选出最好的水果，准备上市。 句式1　while引导状语从句 |要|点|解|读|　 (1)while用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”； (2)while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管；虽然”，此时只用于句首； (3)while用作从属连词，引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”； (4)while还可以用作并列连词，表示前后分句的对比或转折，意为“然而；可是”。 |习|练|规|则|————————————————————(变换句式)　 ①The Internet is of great help to us.But I don't think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it. →While_the_Internet_is_of_great_help_to_us,_I don't think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it. ②Every day we have the choice of building a fence or a bridge.One leads to separation and anger.The other leads to openness and friendship. →Every day we have the choice of building a fence or a bridge.One leads to separation and anger while_the_other_leads_to_openness_and_friendship. |应|用|写|美|　 ③(应用文之倡议书)只要我们紧密地团结起来，就一定能克服这些困难。 We can surely overcome these difficulties while_we_are_closely_united. ④(续写之景物描写)此时，整个森林都醒来了。月光渐渐淡去，风儿轻唱，迎接着黎明的到来。 At this moment, the whole forest woke up.The moonlight was fading while_winds_were_singing to welcome to the dawn. 句式2　强调句型：It's ...that/who ... |要|点|解|读|　 (1)强调句型的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分，多用于强调句子的主语、宾语和状语。 (2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？ (3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？ (4)not ... until ...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他部分。 |习|练|规|则|————————————————————(变换句式)　 ①But this sense of failure made him determined to succeed in his new life. →But it_was_this_sense_of_failure_that made him determined to succeed in his new life.(强调主语) ②They couldn't cross the river because the water had risen. →It_was_because_the_water_had_risen_that they couldn't cross the river.(强调原因状语从句) ③People say，“Guilin's scenery is peerless in the world.” Not until I visited the place did I find it really worthy of the reputation. →People say，“Guilin's scenery is peerless in the world.” It_was_not_until_I_visited_the_place_that_I_found_it_really_worthy_of_the_reputation.(强调not until ...) |应|用|写|美|　 ④(续写之人物描写)正是他的勇气和决心给我留下了深刻的印象。 It_is_his_courage_and_determination_that made a deep impression on me. ⑤(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)就在那一刻，我意识到勇气、努力和坚持是我赢得这场比赛冠军的关键原因。 It_was_at_that_moment_that_I_realized_that courage, hard work, and persistence are the key reasons why I won the champion of this contest. ⑥(应用文之倡议书)直到我在求职中再次失败，我才意识到知识是有价值的。 It_was_not_until_I_had_another_failure_in_my_job－seeking_that I realized knowledge is valuable. 素养目标——精读真题语篇，阅读多维提能 |对接主题——艺术| (2023·全国乙卷·阅读理解B篇)Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation. Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots，I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10－minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography.I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil's Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy－looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. [真题再做] 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了美国爱荷华州的一位摄影师的拍摄日常。为了拍出优秀的风景照，摄影师付出了很多，其中不乏艰辛，当然有收获也有遗憾。 1．How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest? A．By teaming up with other photographers. B．By shooting in the countryside or state parks. C．By studying the geographical conditions. D．By creating settings in the corn fields. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段的“To make some of my landscape shots ... the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way”可知，作者和他的朋友们到州公园或农村去拍照，以此来应对中西部缺少地理多样性的挑战。故B项正确。 2．What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author? A．Proper time management. B．Good shooting techniques. C．Adventurous spirit. D．Distinctive styles. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，恰当的地点和恰当的时间对于拍摄任何风格的照片都起着决定性的作用。第三段的最后一句验证了作者所说的话。故A项正确。 3．What can we infer from the author's trip with friends to Devil's Lake? A．They went crazy with the purple quartz rock. B．They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset. C．They reached the shooting spot later than expected. D．They had problems with their equipment. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段的“However, we did not mark the route (路线)．.. it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time.”可知，文中描述的是作者和朋友几乎完全错过了日落，之后安置拍摄设备的时间就非常有限了，也就是说他们比预想的到达得晚。故C项正确。 4．How does the author find his photos taken at Devil's Lake? A．Amusing.　　 B．Satisfying. C．Encouraging. D．Comforting. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Still, looking back on the photos ... if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.”可知，虽然有准备不充分和时间管理不明智等方面的遗憾，作者依然认为这是一些令人满意的照片。故B项正确。 [多维提能] 一、题型思维建模 细节推断题解题攻略(以第2题为例) 1．警惕易错易误——曲解文意 本题易误选C。部分考生根据第二段的“go on adventures”就曲解成功的风景摄影的关键是冒险精神，从而误选C项。 2．内化题型技法——忠实原文合理推断 解答细节推断题时，要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解相关内容的真正含义，忠实于原文，不能主观臆断，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。 以本题为例，根据第三段第一句“Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography.”可知，在任何摄影风格中，在正确的时间出现在正确的地点是决定性的。据此可知，成功的风景摄影的关键是正确的时间管理。 二、词汇拓展训练 1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义) ①(一词多义) To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10－minute time frame. n.照片，镜头 ②(熟词生义)After we found a crazy－looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. v.拍摄 ③(一词多义)However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. v.做标记 2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思) ①specialize in　　　　 专攻，专门从事 ②tend to 倾向于；往往 ③go on adventures 去冒险 ④set up 调试好(设备) ⑤on the spot 在现场 ⑥a bunch of 大量；一群 ⑦look back on 回顾；回忆 三、长难句式破译 1．I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. 抓标志：并列连词so；省略的关系代词which/that 判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋复合句(含有一个定语从句) 试翻译：我经常早早离开，去寻找合适的目的地，这样我就可以早点准备好，避免错过我想要拍摄的那一刻。 2．Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. 抓标志：从属连词though;_if 判类型：分词短语作状语＋复合句(含有一个让步状语从句和一个条件状语从句) 试翻译：尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好。 课时作业(一) Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The paintings that David donated to the school are being displayed (展出) in the assembly hall. 2．We need to use our raw (未经加工的) materials in the best possible way, otherwise they will be soon used up. 3．To my surprise, I invited him to dine, but he declined (谢绝) my invitation with thanks. 4．In hot, sunny climates, wide－edged hats provide shade (阴凉处) from the sun. 5．Studying history can give us insight (洞察力) into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now. 6．The basketball coach, as well as his team, was interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding (杰出的) performance. 7．Thank you for helping make it a remarkable company now and for decades (数十年) to come. 8．It took him a year to build his plane, using mostly (主要地) recycled materials. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Various brands of watches are now on display in the shop windows. 2．They accused him of having a prejudice against his women employees (employ)． 3．Hard work is essential (essence) for a student's academic success. 4．Apparently (apparent) the boy was hiding something from us. 5．I deal with customers on the phone and rarely (rare) meet them face－to－face. 6．The children have made arrangements (arrange) for their trip to the Great Wall. 7．The end of World War Ⅱ was a historic (history)event which is still remembered today. 8．The sun began to rise in the sky, bathing (bathe) the mountain in golden light. Ⅲ.选词填空 as opposed to, be struck by, up close, at first sight, result in, along with, take up, all walks of life, be worthy of, pick up 1.He will take_up his post as the head of the civil courts at the end of next month. 2．He is athletic as_opposed_to his deskmate, who is very quiet. 3．There is no doubt that the best prize in life is the opportunity to dedicate to a career that is_worthy_of dedication. 4．To observe sea life up_close,_people have made different kinds of special equipment. 5．If left untreated, the illness will eventually result_in blindness. 6．The visitors were_struck_by the city's beauty immediately they arrived there. 7．He picked_up his cap from the floor and stuck it back on his head. 8．You and I feel like old friends at_first_sight and are destined to be very good cooperative partners. 9．Our local government received many letters of congratulations from all_walks_of_life. 10．Along_with your wonderful innovation, you need to hand in a report, explaining how you came up with the idea. Ⅳ.多维表达 1．(完成句子)It_is_said_that some new rules will come into operation next month. 据说一些新的规章制度将于下个月生效。 2．(完成句子)To be honest, I don't like the_way_that/in_which_he_speaks_to_me. 老实说，我不喜欢他跟我说话的方式。 3．(完成句子)Please don't consult a dictionary every_time_you_meet_a_new_word.(every time) 请不要每次遇到生词就查词典。 4．(完成句子)Overusing smartphones not_only_takes_up_our_valuable_time,_but_also_does_great_harm_to_our_health.(not only ...but also ...) 过度使用智能手机不仅占用了我们的宝贵时间，而且对我们的健康也有很大危害。 5．If you want to be a champion, that little extra thing you have done in your preparation will set you apart from your competitors. →If you want to be a champion, it's_that_little_extra_thing_you_have_done_in_your_preparation_that_will_set_you_apart_from_your_competitors.(升级为强调句) Ⅴ.阅读理解 A (2024·衡水调研)Growing up in rural Jiangsu Province, Yu Jigao showed a strong interest in fine arts at an early age and studied on his own for years.His hard work paid off later.In the early 1950s, he made his way to Nanjing Normal University, where he learned painting theories and techniques from some famous artists.It was then that Yu found his lifelong artistic zeal for gongbi.Gongbi paintings usually describe birds and flowers, symbols of beauty and joy, in an artistic way with intense colors. After graduating from the art school, Yu began his professional career at the Jiangsu Traditional Chinese Painting Institute in 1957.He has since published a series of art collections.Since 1959, Yu has contributed a series of works to many important sites.Yu's works have also been displayed in a range of national and international exhibitions.From 1986 to 1997, he held his exhibitions in such places as Beijing, Guangzhou and New York.Both the themes and artistic techniques have won widespread praise in the past years. While observing traditional rules, he uses accurate lines, powerful brush movements as well as the interplay between dark and light to represent the harmony of nature.Though he adopts a realistic style, he tries to enrich his works with spiritual beauty through his brush.Yu says, “That feeling turns into the images of singing birds and elegant flowers in my paintings.” Thanks to his careful observation of nature and artistic sensitivity, Yu is able to combine realistic description with artistic expression in his brushwork. Now as a national top－level artist, Yu maintains a simple and easy－going style.In addition to artistic creation, Yu has devoted himself to promoting his painting style as the cultural heritage of China.“Art is part of my life，” Yu says.“I am proud to be a flower－bird painter.I hope to create a bright future for it through my efforts.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国当代杰出的工笔花鸟画大家喻继高先生。 1．What does the underlined word “zeal” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Request.　　　　　 B．Passion. C．Justice. D．Fund. 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据上文的“In the early 1950s ... from some famous artists.”及下文内容可知，在学习绘画理论和技巧时，喻继高发现了他对工笔画所怀有的艺术热情。故推测，zeal意为“热情”。 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Yu? A．His school life. B．His painting techniques. C．His achievements in painting. D．His contributions to the art school. 解析：选C　段落大意题。综合本段内容可知，本段主要讲述了喻继高在绘画方面的艺术成就。 3．Which is Yu's painting feature? A．Adopting abstract objects. B．Excluding plants and animals. C．Combining traditional rules with a realistic style. D．Representing the imbalance between nature and humans. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知，喻继高的绘画风格结合了传统规则和现实主义风格。 4．What does Yu expect of his painting style? A．It will be passed on. B．It will change over time. C．It will look more complicated. D．It will reach the top international level. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I hope to create a bright future for it through my efforts.”可知，喻继高希望通过努力为自己的绘画风格创造一个光明的未来，即他希望自己的绘画风格被传承下去。 B (2024·济南质检)Radiocarbon dating has revealed two fake (伪造的) paintings in France — probably the first time the technique has been used in a police investigation. The paintings were supposedly works from around the early twentieth century. But a team led by scientist Lucile Beck at the University of Paris－Saclay dated them to some time within the past 70 years. The use of radiocarbon dating is gaining popularity, thanks to advances that require smaller samples than ever before. Removing tinier samples from artworks is becoming more palatable to museums and owners of paintings. If there is a chance that a painting is genuine — and therefore valuable — they don't want the collection of larger samples to damage it. All living things take in carbon, including radioactive carbon－14, from the atmosphere and food. When a plant commonly used to make canvas (油画布) dies, the carbon－14 that it contained continues to fall off. Radiocarbon dating measures what's left to estimate the time that's passed, says Mariaelena Fedi, a physicist at the National Institute for Nuclear Physics in Florence, Italy. Atomic－bomb (原子弹的) testing, which began in the 1940s and took off in the 1950s, quickly increased the amount of carbon－14 in the atmosphere. Carbon－14 peaked around 1964 and went down after a partial ban on nuclear tests. Researchers can easily identify materials containing modern bomb－produced radiocarbon because their carbon－14 concentrations are higher than pre－1950s levels. Beck's team tested its samples to see whether they bore the feature of that bomb－produced radioactive carbon－14. The canvas fiber from the paintings clearly contained carbon from either the mid－1950s or after the year 2000, the researchers reported. Beck acknowledged that, ideally, the team would do further chemical analysis to support its findings, but the researchers were limited by the tight time. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。利用碳定年法，法国警方发现了两幅赝品画。文章具体介绍了碳定年法的工作原理等。 5．What does the underlined word “palatable” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Impressive. B．Acceptable. C．Expensive. D．Difficult. 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文可知，博物馆和画作所有者都不希望作品受到损坏，所以从艺术品中提取更小的样本，对博物馆和画作所有者来说正在变得更容易接受。故画线词意为“可接受的”。 6．How does radiocarbon dating work? A．By removing samples from artworks. B．By requiring the smaller samples. C．By measuring the carbon－14 left. D．By testing the carbon in the sample. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段尤其是该段尾句中的“Radiocarbon dating measures what's left to estimate the time that's passed”可知，碳定年法通过测量剩下的碳14来估算时间。 7．What can we learn about atomic－bomb testing in Paragraph 4? A．It produced more carbon－14. B．It helped identify fake paintings. C．It reduced carbon concentrations. D．It has been stopped completely. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段的“Atomic－bomb testing ... increased the amount of carbon－14 in the atmosphere”可知，20世纪40年代开始的原子弹试验迅速增加了大气中碳14的含量。 8．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Paintings waiting to be identified B．Two fake paintings found in France C．New technology in paintings becomes a hit D．Radiocarbon dating proves an anti－fake helper 解析：选D　标题归纳题。本文首段主要介绍了利用碳定年法发现两幅赝品画这一事件，引出了本文主题，即碳定年法能判定真伪。由此可以推知，D项“碳定年法成了防伪助手”最适合作本文标题。 课时作业(二) Ⅰ.完形填空 (2024·四省联考)Dr Smith of New York works at a center for children who can't learn well.One day a father brought his son to him for__1__ at his office. The father told Dr Smith about his son, “My son has __2__ in learning and can't even play baseball.He isn't doing well because he doesn't try.I have done everything for him.I have even shouted at him.But nothing __3__.” After Dr Smith tested the boy, he __4__ his father.He asked the father to sit in front of a __5__ and then gave him a pencil and a piece of paper.There was a __6__ on the paper.He asked the father to look only in the mirror and __7__ the lines of the star with the pencil.The father made the same __8__ anyone made.Every time he __9__ the pencil, it went the wrong way.The father's face became red. At this __10__ the doctor shouted at him, “Hurry up! Why are you __11__ so long? You can't do such an __12__ thing! You don't know left from right！” These __13__ made the father very angry. “Now you can __14__， can't you？” the doctor said to him. “Your son has felt just like that all the time.You scolded (训斥) him too often, so he didn't try any more.He was afraid of making mistakes.”__15__ the father understood everything.He put his face down, feeling so sorry. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个父亲带着学习有困难的孩子去做检查，结果发现，父亲才是那个造成孩子学习困难的人。这个故事告诉我们，好的教育是欣赏而不是训斥。 1．A.testing　　　　　 B．acting C．teaching D．playing 解析：选A　根据第三段中的“After Dr Smith tested the boy”可知，这个父亲带孩子来找Dr Smith的目的是测试孩子。 2．A.confidence B．interest C．experience D．difficulty 解析：选D　根据下文“He isn't doing well because he doesn't try.”可知，这个父亲认为孩子什么都做不好，说明他认为这个孩子应该是在学习上有困难。 3．A.returns B．helps C．appears D．remains 解析：选B　根据语境及but表示转折可知，父亲做的事情并没有起任何作用。 4．A.waited for B．searched for C．believed in D．called in 解析：选D　根据下文中的“He asked the father to sit in front of a ________ and then gave him a pencil and a piece of paper”可知，Dr Smith 把这个父亲叫进来了。call in“叫来”。 5．A.mirror B．television C．painting D．desk 解析：选A　根据下文中的“He asked the father to look only in the mirror”可知，这个父亲面前是一面镜子。 6．A.face B．line C．number D．star 解析：选D　根据下文中的“and ________ the lines of the star with the pencil”可知，纸上有一颗星星。 7．A.remove B．follow C．cross D．cut 解析：选B　根据前文“gave him a pencil and a piece of paper.There was a ________ on the paper”可知，此处应该是用铅笔描绘星星的线条。 8．A.decisions B．choices C．mistakes D．patterns 解析：选C　根据下文中的“Every time he ________ the pencil, it went the wrong way.”可知，这个父亲犯了任何一个人都会犯的错误。 9．A.touched B．dropped C．moved D．sharpened 解析：选C　根据语境可知，这个父亲每次一移动笔，就描错了。 10．A.speed B．corner C．end D．point 解析：选D　由语境可知，这个父亲每次描绘都会出错，他脸红了。在这个时候，Dr Smith朝他大声嚷嚷。at this point “在这个时候”。 11．A.staying B．taking C．preparing D．writing 解析：选B　根据“Hurry up！”可知，Dr Smith在朝这个父亲嚷嚷为什么花费这么长时间。 12．A.easy B．important C．obvious D．exciting 解析：选A　根据语境和常识可知，描绘物体的线条应是一件简单的事。 13．A.ideas B．words C．questions D．instructions 解析：选B　根据语境可知，Dr Smith 说的这些话(words)让这个父亲非常生气。 14．A.relax B．leave C．understand D．promise 解析：选C　根据下文的“Your son has felt just like that ...making mistakes”和“understood everything”可知，Dr Smith用这种方法让父亲明白孩子的感受。 15．A.Interestingly B．Absolutely C．Suddenly D．Unfortunately 解析：选C　根据语境可知，听了Dr Smith的话，这个父亲突然明白了一切，低下头，感到很抱歉。 Ⅱ.语法填空 (2024·茂名模拟)Dutch artist Johannes Vermeer only created 37 known works during his lifetime.Now, art history __1__ (lover) have the opportunity to see 28 of these pieces in the __2__(large) exhibition of Vermeer paintings ever. __3__(host) at the Rijks Museum in Amsterdam, the exhibition features a series of well－known pieces from the artist's works that prove why he __4__ (know) as the “Master of Light”． Museums from around the world lent their Vermeer paintings for the exhibition that opened on February 10，2023.Johannes Vermeer is famous around the world __5__ his paintings of calm scenes in domestic settings, and for his __6__ (impress) use of light, according to the museum. Additionally, Vermeer's most famous painting, Girl with a Pearl Earring, __7__ (normal) held at the Mauritshuis Museum in The Hague, is on display at the Rijks Museum for__8__ limited time, while the rest of the exhibition continues until June. The Rijks Museum is also offering a digital Vermeer experience for those who are __9__ (able) to see these pieces in person.Titled Closer, this online gallery features the voices of Stephen Fry (in English) and Joy Delima (in Dutch), __10__ give an overview of Vermeer's life and art. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了正在展出的荷兰艺术家约翰内斯·维米尔及其绘画作品。 1．lovers　考查名词的数。 lover为可数名词，根据后文“have”可知，应用复数形式。 2．largest　考查最高级。 根据上文定冠词以及句意“有史以来最大的画展”可知，应用最高级largest。 3．Hosted　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，host与the exhibition之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。 4．is known　考查时态、语态及主谓一致。表示“被称为”应用be known as，陈述客观事实用一般现在时；再因主语为he，故谓语用单数。 5．for　考查介词。固定短语be famous for“以……闻名”。 6．impressive　考查形容词。修饰名词use应用形容词impressive，在句中作定语。 7．normally　考查副词。应用副词作状语修饰动词held。 8．a　考查冠词。固定搭配for a limited time“在限定时间内”。 9．unable　考查形容词。空处作表语，表示“不能”，应用形容词unable。 10．who　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Stephen Fry (in English) and Joy Delima (in Dutch)，且在从句中作主语，先行词指人，故填who。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 (2024·长沙市雅礼中学模拟)假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，你校将邀请当地某艺术学校的王教授进行以“中国国画”为主题的讲座。请你以学生会的名义写一则通知，内容包括： 1．讲座的目的； 2．讲座的时间和地点； 3．讲座的内容。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Notice ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ The Students' Union 参考范文： Notice To enrich our school life and spread traditional Chinese culture, a lecture on the theme of traditional Chinese painting will be held in our school. The lecture, which will be given by Professor Wang from a local art school，is scheduled to be delivered on Friday from 3：00 pm to 5：00 pm in the school lecture hall.The professor will first give us an overall introduction to traditional Chinese painting while showing some famous Chinese paintings.Then he will show us the basic painting skills and draw a painting on the spot.Finally, there will be a question－and－answer session where we can have direct communication with Professor Wang. Anyone interested is welcome to attend the lecture! The Students' Union 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$