选择性必修1 UNIT 1 课下作业(课件PPT)-【新高考方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（译林版2020）

课下作业 选择性必修1 语基落实训练 作业（一） Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Take your time and eat slowly.It will help you ______ (消化) the food you take in better. 2．He had nothing to do but ___ (煮沸) some water and make the tea. 3．Williams was _________ (给……留下深刻印象) with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. digest boil impressed 4．You don't need any special skills for this job, just _______ (简单的) common sense. 5．It is _________ (估计) that the boy can't find an appropriate way to get out of the trap. 6．It is obvious that it can ________ (提高) people's consciousness of health. plain estimated enhance 7．As you know, the skin is an _________ (必不可少的) part of your body which acts as a barrier against disease. 8．The school uniforms are fine, but not special enough to give a unique Chinese _________ (特色)． 9．Many people have no _______ (概念) of the amount of food that they should eat. essential flavour concept Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Walking, jogging and swimming can also help _______ (low) blood pressure and reduce stress. 2．You may depend on it that our survival is linked ______ the survival of the rainforest. 3．Despite the difficulties, he throws _________ (he)into the research. lower with/to himself 4．Communicating with friends face to face is a way to _______ (relief) pressure from work and life. 5．In general, we Chinese place great emphasis ____ the importance of family life and ties. 6．These pills should do ____ trick.You'll feel much better in no time. 7．I would appreciate it if you could recommend us some novels which are appropriate ______ us. relieve on the for/to 8．Helping the _______ (old) do the housework was what some students were engaged in. 9．My English teacher made a good __________ (impress) on me by her rich knowledge and humorous talk. 10．Yuan Longping's _________ (innovate) has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well., elderly impression innovation Ⅲ.选词填空 do the trick, out of this world, cry out for, not to mention, lie in, take one's time over, mix with, make up for, threw oneself into 1．When people speak English __________ their own dialects, can you tell them apart? 2．A person's value _______ how much he contributes but not in how much he obtains. mixed with lies in 3．People in the flood－stricken areas are ___________ food and clean water. 4．There is still one hour left. Let's _________________ breakfast. 5．You have cheated us so many times, so just saying “Trust me” won't ___________. 6．As a result, people will eat more food to try to ______________ that something missing. crying out for take our time over do the trick make up for 7．That party last night was really __________________! We had never had a greater time before. 8．As soon as he returned to China, he and his colleagues ______________________the research of the disease. 9．Old folk and children alike are all against the proposal, ________________the youth. out of this world threw themselves into not to mention Ⅳ.多维表达 1．(完成句子)You will _________________________________ according to a recipe. 你会发现根据菜谱在家做饭非常有趣。 2．(完成句子)_________________________ when I visited Beijing was the Great Wall. 去北京游玩时，给我留下印象最深的是长城。 find it very interesting to cook at home What impressed me most 3．(完成句子)_________________ the meeting will last four days. 预计这次会议要持续四天。 4．(一句多译)无论捡到什么，你必须物归原主。 ①__________________________, you must give it back to whoever it belongs to. ②______________________, you must give it back to whoever it belongs to. It is estimated that No matter what you pick up Whatever you pick up 5．(一句多译)人们认为茶有益健康，尤其是绿茶和红茶。 ①Tea _____________________________, green tea and black tea in particular. ②___________________________________, green tea and black tea in particular. is believed to be good for health It's believed that tea is good for health Ⅴ.阅读理解 A (2024·三晋名校联盟)Diet containing lots of salt can contribute to increased levels of stress, a new study shows.Scientists found in studies of mice that a high－salt diet increased the levels of a stress hormone by 75 per cent.Experts hope the findings will encourage a review of public health policy around salt consumption, aiming at manufacturers reducing the amount of salt in processed food. The recommended salt intake for adults is less than six grams a day but most people regularly eat about nine grams.This can contribute to higher blood pressure, which increases the risks of heart attacks, strokes and dementia. While effects on the heart and circulatory (循环) system have been ascertained, little was known about the impact of a high－salt diet on a person's behaviour.To study this, experts from the University of Edinburgh used mice, who ordinarily have a low－salt diet, and gave them high－salt food to reflect the typical intake of humans. They found that not only did resting stress hormone levels increase, but the mice's hormone response to environmental stress was double that of mice that had a normal diet.Salt intake increased the activity of genes that produce the proteins in the brain which control how the body responds to stress. Experts say further studies are already underway to understand if a high－salt intake leads to other behavioural changes such as anxiety and aggression.Matthew Bailey, professor of Renal Physiology at the University of Edinburgh's Centre for Cardiovascular Science, said，“We are what we eat and understanding how high－salt food changes our mental health is an important step to improving wellbeing.We know that eating too much salt damages our heart, blood vessels (血管) and kidneys.This study now tells us that high salt in our food also changes the way our brain handles stress.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，含盐过高的饮食会增加人的压力。 1．What are the findings expected to bring about eventually? A．Manufacturers adding less salt to processed food. B．People debating the policy on public health. C．Decreased levels of stress hormones. D．Reduced amount of processed food. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Experts hope the findings will ...aiming at manufacturers reducing the amount of salt in processed food.”可知，该研究的最终目的是想让食品加工制造商减少食品里面盐的含量。 √ 2．What does the underlined word “ascertained” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Ignored.　　　　　 B．Restored. C．Reduced. D．Confirmed. 解析：词义猜测题。根据本句语境可知，while前后是对比关系，little was known说明前面部分是已经得到了证实的。故画线词意为“证实”。 √ 3．Which of the following may be a subject of further research? A．What policy on salt should be. B．How a high－salt intake affects blood pressure. C．How much salt intake is appropriate. D．Whether a high－salt intake causes anxiety. 解析：细节理解题。 根据最后一段第一句可知，高盐摄入是否会引起焦虑将是未来研究的课题之一。 √ 4．What may be a suitable title for the text? A．Most people regularly take in too much salt B．Mental health is important to improving well－being C．Diet containing much salt increases levels of stress D．Less than six grams of salt a day is recommended 解析：标题归纳题。通读首段以及全文内容可知，一项研究表明，含盐过高的饮食会增加压力水平。故C项适合作文章标题。 √ B (2024·山东省实验高中模拟)We all know eating ultra－processed foods that make our lives easier — such as sauces, and frozen pizza — isn't good for our health.Studies have found they can raise our risk of obesity, heart problems, diabetes and cancer.They may even shorten our lives.Now, a new study has revealed eating more ultra－processed foods may contribute to overall cognitive decline, including the brain executive functioning — the ability to process information and make decisions. “While in need of further study, the new results are quite compelling and emphasize the critical role for proper nutrition in preserving and promoting brain health and reducing risk for brain diseases，” said Tanzi, professor at Harvard Medical School.He was not involved in the study but he said in his book, “They are very high in sugar, salt and fat, promoting systemic inflammation, perhaps the most major threat to healthy aging.Meanwhile, since they are convenient and quick, they also replace fiber foods important for maintaining the health and balance of bacteria in your gut microbiome，” he added, “which is particularly important for brain health and reducing risk of age－related brain diseases like Alzheimer's disease.” The study, presented at the 2022 Alzheimer's Association International Conference, followed over 10,000 Brazilians for 10 years.“In Brazil, ultra－processed foods make up 25% to 30% of total calorie intake. It is not very different from many other Western countries，” said co－author Dr Suemoto.Ultra－processed foods are defined as “industrial formulations of food substances that contain little or no whole foods and typically include flavorings, colorings and other chemical additives，” according to the study. “People consuming over 20% of daily calories from processed foods had a 28% faster decline in global cognition and a 25% faster decline in executive functioning compared to people who ate less than 20%，” said study co－author Natalia.Those in the study who ate the most ultra－processed foods were “more likely to be younger, women, White, had higher education and incomes, and were more likely to have never smoked，” the study found. “People need to know they should cook more，” Suemoto said.“And it's worth it because you're going to protect your heart and guard your brain，” she added. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，吃更多的超加工食品可能会导致整体认知能力下降。 5．What does the underlined word “compelling” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Convincing. B．Surprising. C．Suspicious. D．Invaluable. 解析：词义猜测题。画线词所在句子含有while引导的让步状语从句，说明虽然还需要进一步的研究，但新的研究结果相当令人信服。故画线词意为“令人信服的”。 √ 6．What do we know from the passage? A．Whoever never cooks is sure to develop Alzheimer. B．Ultra－processed foods only affect your executive function. C．Tanzi is the first to find the problem with ultra－processed foods. D．Brazilians' calorie intake is not different from most westerners. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In Brazil, ultra－processed foods make up 25% to 30% of total calorie intake.It is not very different from many other Western countries”可知，巴西人的卡路里摄入量与大多数西方人没有什么不同。 7．Who is likely to eat more ultra－processed foods? A．An old beggar.　 B．A heavy smoker. C．A young professor. D．A low－income man. 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“more likely to be younger, women, White, had higher education and incomes, and were more likely to have never smoked”可知，一位年轻的教授可能会吃更多的超加工食品。 √ 8．What's the main idea of this passage? A．Ultra－processed foods can harm your health. B．Fiber foods can reduce the risk of Alzheimer. C．Fiber foods may maintain the balance of bacteria. D．Ultra－processed foods will lead to cognitive decline. √ 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Now, a new study has revealed eating more ultra－processed foods may contribute to overall cognitive decline”可知，本文主要介绍了超加工食品会导致认知能力下降。 语篇提能训练 作业（二） Ⅰ.完形填空 (2024·广东六校联考)Although I enjoyed my new life and the time it freed up, there always seemed to be something missing. I thought it was a result of going from a high－activity career to a life of 1 . The retirement honeymoon lasted for one whole enjoyable year. Golf took up most of my summer, curling (冰壶运动) in the winter, and hiking 2 the times between. At the end of that first year, I was asked by a friend to help out at a local food bank that 3 a winter soup kitchen. Initially, my responsibility was not too 4 . It started out to be only one day a week and took just two hours of my time. The task involved going to the local food bank, 5 my car with pre－selected food items, and driving them to the kitchen 6 the weekend. Within a few weeks, I was also helping to sort out the food I was bringing to the charity organization. This soon 7 into preparing the cookers and dishes for the weekend event. My duties were 8 from one week to the next, which kept things interesting. Sometimes, I would help serve meals; other days, I would fill in for sandwich makers who hadn't turned up for their 9 . People who came for the free meals were diverse. Some were homeless, and others were individuals who had fallen on hard times. The common thing uniting all the guests was their 10 toward the volunteers. Most diners would thank the people from whom they had received help. That was a wonderful reward for our efforts. Another wonderful thing was that the food was given 11 . There was never any expectation to gain public 12 for their donations; they just did it. Gradually, my volunteering 13 have now grown to include two days at the food bank plus the weekend. Although it cost much more time than I first began this volunteering task, I found my volunteering time 14 . I can safely say that I get much more 15 out of this type of activity than I ever managed to get from any round of golf or game of curling. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在退休第一年，“我”很享受生活中的闲暇时光。在退休第一年结束后，“我”被朋友邀请去食品库做志愿者。虽然在志愿活动上花费了很多时间，但“我”也从中得到了更多的满足感。 1．A.depression　　　 B．leisure C．boredom D．enjoyment 解析：根据下文中的“The retirement honeymoon lasted for one whole enjoyable year.”可知，“我”退休了，那时享受着空闲的生活。 √ 2．A.shared B．cost C．connected D．filled 解析：根据语境和常识可知，高尔夫球运动占据了“我”夏天的大部分时间，冰壶运动占据了冬天的时间，其余的时间则用徒步旅行来填补。空处与上文的“took up”应为同义词，fill“填满，填补”符合题意。 √ 3．A.spread B．charged C．ran D．expected 解析：根据上文内容可知，在退休第一年结束后，“我”被一个朋友邀请去当地一家经营一个冬季施粥所的食品库帮忙。 √ 4．A.energy－efficient B．time－consuming C．heart－warming D．labor－saving 解析：根据下文中的“It started out ...hours of my time.”可知，这刚开始一周只花费“我”两个小时的时间。此处表示这是不耗时的。 √ 5．A.finding B．charging C．loading D．fixing 解析：根据空后的“driving them to the kitchen”可知，“我”要开车把食物送到厨房，所以需要先把食物装到车上。load sth.with sth. “把……装入(武器、照相机或其他设备)”。 √ 6．A.in preparation for B．in exchange for C．in expectation of D．in case of 解析：选A　根据下文中的“preparing the cookers and dishes for the weekend event”可知，他们要为周末的活动作准备。in preparation for 为固定搭配，意为“为……作准备”。 √ 7．A.followed B．improved C．expanded D．continued 解析：根据上文中的“The task involved ...charity organization.”可知，从最开始的把食物送到食品库，到帮助整理食物，再到该句提到的准备炊具和菜肴，“我”的任务范围在不断地扩大。 √ 8．A.consistent B．creative C．normal D．different 解析：根据下文中的“Sometimes, I would ...sandwich makers”可知，“我”有时候帮忙上菜，有时候临时顶替做三明治的人，所以工作任务是不同的。 √ 9．A.shifts B．schedules C．periods D．businesses 解析：根据语境和常识可知，此处是指“我”会临时顶替那些没来轮班做三明治的人。 √ 10．A.generosity B．gratitude C．guilt D．greeting 解析：根据下文中的“Most diners would thank ...had received help.”可知，大多数来用餐的人会对给予他们帮助的人表示感谢，此处是指客人的共同点是他们都会感激志愿者。 √ 11．A.randomly B．particularly C．selflessly D．regularly 解析：根据“There was never any expectation to gain ...for their donations”可知，此处是指食物是被无私地给予的。 √ 12．A.promotion B．awareness C．interest D．recognition 解析：根据语境可知，他们捐赠食物并不是期待得到公众的认可，他们仅仅是做这件事。 √ 13．A.duties B．interests C．challenges D．concerns 解析：根据上文中的“Initially”与此句的“Gradually”可知，这是在描述“我”做志愿者的过程，所以空处应与上文中的“responsibility”为同义词，讲述“我”在做志愿者的过程中职责的变化。 √ 14．A.necessary B．worthwhile C．practical D．meaningless 解析：根据上文中的“Although it cost ...volunteering task”和空后内容可知，“我”从志愿活动中收获了很多，所以就算是花更多的时间也是值得的。 √ 15．A.popularity B．admiration C．confidence D．satisfaction 解析：根据语境可知，“我”将高尔夫球运动和冰壶运动与做志愿活动作比较，旨在说明“我”从志愿活动中能得到更多的满足感。 √ Ⅱ.语法填空 (2024·南京联考)As archaeologists explored ancient tombs in Turpan in western China, they discovered some surprisingly well－preserved and hardened dumplings. Exactly 1 invented dumplings remains a mystery. But some scholars suspect they were first spread around the ancient world by peoples living in western China and Central Asia more than 1,700 years ago. Dumplings continued to take off and diversify in China over the next thousand years. Instead of the 2 (tradition) meat filling, some communities preferred vegetable dumplings. And because wheat was 3 (hard) to grow outside of northern China than in northern China, those in other regions began making dumplings using rice and sweet potato. The relationship 4 Chinese dumplings and those in other areas is hard to trace, but food historians 5 (make) their best guesses based on available clues. Turkic tribes spread and 6 (eventual) established the Ottoman Empire around 1300 CE, bringing wrapped food west with them. Some scholars believe that the Mongol Empire also helped dumplings go farther, perhaps 7 (introduce) them to parts of Eastern Europe. These dumplings could have come by way of China or directly from some of the Turkic peoples the Mongols hired to run their empire. Later, after Chinese dumpling 8 (variety) were introduced to more countries, English speakers began calling them dumplings. The term is thought 9 (use) firstly in 16th century England to describe dough balls dropped in liquid. During the Second World War, Chinese “jiaozi” was brought to Japan, 10 it became known as “gyoza” and was more typically pan－fried. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章追溯了饺子的发展史。 1．who　考查主语从句。根据句意可知，此处指的是到底是谁发明了饺子仍然是个谜，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“谁”，故填who。 2．traditional　考查形容词。根据空处所在的位置可知，空处所填词在句中作定语，修饰meat filling。由此可知，空处应填形容词traditional。 3．harder　考查形容词比较级。根据空后的“than”可知，此处应用形容词比较级，故填harder。 4．between　考查介词。根据语境可知，该空应填between，表示“中国饺子和其他地区的饺子之间的关系很难追溯”。the relationship between ...and ...为固定搭配。 5．have made　考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，做出猜测发生在过去，但对现在造成了影响，所以用现在完成时，故填 have made。 6．eventually　考查副词。句中established为动词，应用副词来修饰，故填eventually。 7．introducing　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该空在句中作非谓语，且introduce与主语the Mongol Empire之间构成了逻辑上的主谓关系，故填introducing。 8．varieties　考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作主语；根据空后的“were”可知，该空应用所给词的复数形式，故填varieties。 9．to have been used　考查不定式。“主语＋is＋及物动词的过去分词＋动词不定式”是一个固定句型，相当于It is＋及物动词的过去分词＋that从句；由于The term与use之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且use 这一动作已经完成，故填to have been used。 10．where　考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Japan，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 (2024·沈阳质检)你校将以“节约粮食，减少浪费”为主题举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1．浪费粮食的现象；2．节约粮食的做法；3．节约粮食的倡议。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式作答。 Say NO to Food Waste ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 参考范文： Say NO to Food Waste Food plays an important role in our daily life.However, we are sorry to see that food is being wasted at an alarming rate while millions of people are still going hungry every day. Fortunately, there are many things we can do to save food.One of the simplest ways to avoid food waste is to buy proper amount of food.Besides, we are supposed to think twice before throwing food away, urging ourselves to carry out the Empty Plate Campaign.Lastly，storing food correctly also contributes to less food loss. As high school students, it's our responsibility to say NO to food waste, which will benefit the world, now and in the future. 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.zghkt.cn $$