精品解析：湖南省沅陵县第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

2022级下学期期末考试（24年7月） 高二英语 试卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟 注意事项： 1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。 4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．How often does the dentist want the man to come for cleaning? A．Every six weeks. B．Every six months. C．Every twelve months. 2．Why does the man make the call? A．To ask for information. B．To make an appointment. C．To send out an invitation. 3．Why did Anna move out? A．She missed her parents. B．She was tired of sharing a flat. C．She wanted to live near the school. 4．How does the woman go to work? A．By car. B．On foot. C．By bike. 5．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Teacher and student. C．Doctor and patient. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What does the woman think of her notes? A．They aren’t helpful. B．They are well-organized. C．They are easily understood. 7．What does the man think the woman should do? A．Go through her notes often. B．Think over all the things in class. C．Write down the key points when taking notes. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．How will the man deal with the oven? A．Have it checked. B．Replace it. C．Have it repaired. 9．What is the worst thing for the woman? A．The air conditioner broke down. B．The fridge won’t start. C．The plug is broken. 10．What relation is the man to the woman? A．Her husband. B．Her house owner. C．Her boss. 听下面一段较长对话，回答第以下小题。 11．Why is the man going to Beijing? A．To find a job. B．To go traveling. C．To do business. 12．How will the man go to Beijing? A．By air. B．By car. C．By train. 13．What does the man ask the woman to do? A．Wish him good luck. B．Buy him a ticket. C．Get his things ready. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 14．How long has the speaker lived in a big city? A．One year. B．Ten years. C．Eighteen years. 15．What is the speaker’s opinion on public transport? A．It’s comfortable. B．It’s time-saving. C．It’s cheap. 16．What is good about living in a small town? A．It’s safer. B．It’s healthier. C．It’s more convenient. 17．What kind of life does the speaker seem to like most? A．Busy. B．Colorful. C．Quiet. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 18．Where are the speakers? A．In a hospital. B．In the office. C．At home. 19．When is the report due? A．Thursday. B．Friday. C．Next Monday. 20．What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report? A．Improve it. B．Hand it in later. C．Leave it with him. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Seven-year-olds, with their increasing attention spans, are ready for more complex chapter books, but they still enjoy shorter stories and funny picture books. See what your second graders think of these tried-and-true read-aloud books. Chicken Cheeks by Michael Ian Black is a short, silly tale about a bear who is determined to reach some honey with the help of some of his animal friends. With minimal text, this book is a short, quick read-aloud one that appeals to the potty-humor of seven-year-olds. Frog and Toad by Arnold Lobel follows the adventures of a pair of amphibian best friends, Frog and Toad. The stories are silly, heart-warming, relatable, and always a treasure to share with children. Charlotte’s Web by E. B. White, published in 1952, captivates readers of all ages with its timeless tale of friendship, love, and sacrifice. The story introduces children to the richness of language and reminds them of the influence we can have on the lives of others even if we feel small and insignificant. The Boxcar Children by Gertrude Chandler Warner, a series originally published in 1924, tells the story of four orphaned siblings who work together to make their home in an abandoned boxcar. The story imparts lessons such as hard work, resilience, and team work all woven into a story that will hook young readers and inspire them to investigate the rest of the series. 1. Which book should you choose if you want your children to improve their language skills? A. Chicken Cheeks. B. Charlotte’s Web. C Frog and Toad. D. The Boxcar Children. 2. Which of the four books has a continuation? A. Charlotte’s Web. B. Frog and Toad. C. The Boxcar Children. D. Chicken Cheeks. 3. What do the four books have in common? A. They are all humorous. B. They were published in the 19th century. C. They are all about adventures. D. They are all suitable for second-grade children. B Cordero is the farm manager at Ollin Farms, not far from Boulder, Colorado. The locally grown vegetables on the farm aren’t just pretty. “We play an important role in public health nutrition programs,” says Cordero’s dad, Mark Guttridge, who started this farm with his wife, Kena, 17 years ago. At a meeting with about a dozen local farmers, two state representatives, and the Colorado officials of agriculture, Guttridge explains how Boulder county has made creative investments in his farm that could be spread to the state or even national level. Before the meeting, Guttridge shows them one of those investments. A dozen sheep, which Guttridge raises for wool, feed on root vegetables like radishes that have been leftover for them. “So these guys are out fertilizing the vegetable field,” Guttridge laughs. “They’ll be out here a couple more weeks, and then we’ll get our next summer vegetables planted right there.” Around the field is a special moveable type of fencing that Ollin Farms bought using financial aid from the Boulder County Sustainability Office. It allows them to move the sheep from one field to another, fertilizing as they go. The goal of these investments is “really building up our soil health,” he explains. “That relates directly to the nutrient quality of the food-healthy soil grows healthy food.” The county also makes an effort to get that healthy food out to different communities to boost public health. That’s where the Boulder County Public Health department comes in. It created a coupon program to give discounts to people buying fruits and vegetables from Ollin Farms. Nutrition incentive programs, like those public health fruit and vegetable coupons, are spreading all over the country, and most are funded through the federal farm bill. Amy Yaroch, executive director at the Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, says “It’s a trip le win. It’s basically good for the consumers who live in that particular community because they’re getting the healthy food, it’s good for the farmer, and then it’s good for the economy.” 4. What does Ollin Farms do? A. It makes public nutrition health plans. B. It offers financial aid to other farms. C. It provides cheap food to the local community. D. It grows fruits and vegetables rich in nutrition. 5. How does Boulder county support sustainable farming practices at Ollin Farms? A. By raising sheep on radishes. B. By buying fences for farmhouses. C. By funding the farm’s soil health. D. By giving advice about fertilizing fields. 6. What is Amy’s attitude towards “nutrition incentive programs”? A. Cautious. B. Dismissive. C. Unclear. D. Approving. 7. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. Couponing for Health: Stimulating Nutrition Choices B. Growing Health: Innovations in Farm and Public Health Initiatives C Fertile Fields and Furry Friends: A Farming Fairy Tale D. Local Produce, Global Impact: The Nutrition Choices of Ollin Farms C At Nature Fresh Farms in Leamington, Canada, there’s something new among the rows of tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and strawberries. Using thousands of sensors in every greenhouse, artificial-intelligence technology is helping the farm better aspects such as lighting, irrigation and harvest timing, aiming to increase the yields of its crops and reduce its use of power and water. Farmers use drones (无人机) to survey farms and look for information on weeds, pests and disease. A lot of research into AI and agriculture is done at institutions, but it then needs to be tested in a network of smart farms. One of the farms is Emili’s Innovation Farms. “We really show how they work in a commercial setting and in a way are being a bit of a risk mitigator (缓和) as we try out these technologies and then share with others, including other farmers, and how they actually work as a means to accelerate the adoption and full integration of those new technologies,” said Ms. Keena, managing director of Emili. It takes time to find out whether new technology has affected a crop, and this can be a barrier to adoption for farmers. Sometimes it’s within a year, or within a few years. Ms. Keena said, “We can’t ask them to take big risks on integrating new technologies at scale as part of their operations in things that are unproven.” Innovation Farms addresses a piece of one of the barriers of people needing to be able to see these technologies rolled out in a full-scale and commercial way ahead of being able to adopt them themselves. Farmers’ trust levels are also a barrier. Data are important to AI models, but farmers need to be better inspired to share their data in order to make the technology better. But over time, there’s an increase in engagement from farmers. “Farmer engagement is absolutely critical” to developing AI tools for agriculture. “If they’ve seen it demonstrated essentially in their backyard through a smart farm, well, then we’re that much further ahead toward adoption.” 8. What can be learned about AI from Paragraph 1? A. It replaces employees. B. It changes how farms run. C. It adds vegetable diversity. D. It shortens production cycle. 9. Why is AI technology tested at Emilli’s Innovation Farms? A. To predict its future. B. To expand its market. C. To confirm its reliability. D. To introduce its advantage. 10. What’s the key to removing the barriers? A. Bettering AI models. B. Developing more AI tools. C. Enlarging the farm scales. D. Gaining farmers’ recognition. 11. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. AI: a promoter of farmers’ life B. AI: a driver of agricultural development C. Smart farms: good examples about AI adoption D. Smart farms: pioneers in agricultural innovation D Artificial intelligence(AI) models have long surpassed (超出) just creating text responses and images. Now, with only one sentence, OpenAI’s latest text-to-video model, Sora, can turn your words into video with good visual quality while completely following your content instructions (指令). Sora is said to be better than many other existing models with similar functions. The AI model can create videos at suitable aspect ratios (屏幕高宽比) for different devices. It also lets users quickly test out content in lower quality before making the high-quality version, which helps speed up output according to the user’s requests. Apart from this, its ability to present videos in a realistic and smooth manner is surprising. Sora can create detailed scenes with several characters, specific types of motion, and accurate (准确的) subject and background details. Beyond the user’s requests, it also understands how these elements exist in the real world. For example, reflections in the water change as a woman walks by. However, the current model isn’t perfect. It may have trouble accurately showing how things move in a complicated (复杂的) scene and might not get how one action leads to another. For example, if someone eats part of a cookie in a Sora-made video, the cookie might not look like it’s been bitten into. The model might mix up directions and find it hard to describe events in the right order. One possible reason is that Sora learns each basic unit of a video, known as a spacetime patch (时空补丁), independently. Sora is still in the testing stage of development. OpenAI is now inviting network security professionals to make random attacks on Sora’s system in order to test the model’s possible weaknesses and risks. Sora has also been open to some visual artists, designers and filmmakers. Their feedback will help OpenAI to improve the model to better serve creative professionals. 12. What is the main focus of paragraph 2 and 3? A. Sora’s strengths. B. Sora’s weaknesses. C. Sora’s development. D. Sora’s popularity. 13. Why does the author provide the example in paragraph 4? A. To show Sora’s safety problems. B. To show Sora’s existing weaknesses. C. To show Sora’s perfect performance. D. To explain the concept of a spacetime patch. 14. What can we know about Sora up to now? A. It has experienced testing and improvement. B. It has enjoyed great popularity. C. It has made random attacks. D. It has been applied in various industries. 15. What’s the best title for the text? A. Sora: A perfect text-to-video AI model B. Sora: Surpass existing ChatGPT C. Sora: Known as a spacetime patch D. Sora: Lead the way in creating videos 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Does your teenager seem addicted to the Internet? Probably yes. ___16___ At first, parents welcome the Internet into their homes, believing they are opening up an exciting new world of educational chances for their children. ___17___ Instead of using the Internet for homework or research, they are spending hours messaging with friends, playing online games or talking to strangers in chat rooms. Keeping a healthy balance between entertainment media and other activities in their children’s lives has always been a challenge for parents The Internet has made this challenge even more difficult. ___18___ However, parents are usually not aware that there is a problem until it becomes serious. This is because it is easy to hide what you are doing online and Internet addiction is not widely recognized by the medical community. Children and young people can easily become hooked on online activities such as multi-player games, instant messaging and chat rooms. The most vulnerable children are those who are unpopular or shy with peers. ___19___ Boys, in particular, are frequent users of online role-playing games, where they assume new identities and interact with other players. For the children who are not so outgoing, playing these games with thousands of other users may apparently be a social activity. ___20___. So parents need to help children limit the online time to an appropriate amount. A. That is especially obvious when it comes to online social games. B. In fact, playing too much can further keep them away from friends and peers. C. The amount of time teenagers spend online is a source of concern for many parents. D. But numerous parents don’t discover this worrying situation and ignore it naturally. E. However many parents soon realize that their kids were gradually becoming Internet addicts. F. The engaging nature of the Internet makes many children lose track of time when they’re online. G. They can be easily attracted to the opportunities for creating new identities in online communities. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The view from the top was breathtaking. It was 2023 and I had just climbed the Hvannadals Peak in Iceland, almost seven years after becoming ____21____ from the chest down after a climbing fall. My two teammates and I were on our way to becoming the first all-disabled team to cross Europe’s largest icecap, unsupported and ____22____. From our start point at the western edge of the Vatnajokull, we faced a ____23____, tough landscape. We would need to ____24____ through storm-force winds and work as a team to overcome the ____25____ of our spinal cord (脊髓) injuries. This was going to be the ____26____ challenge of my life. The plan was to ____27____ from the base of the ice cap to its highest point, the Hvannadals Peak. ____28____ together, we started toward the frozen horizon, dragging two sledges laden with equipment behind us. Just 10 minutes into our journey, I was already beginning to feel the ____29____ on my shoulders and arms as I used my upper body to ____30____ my sit-ski up the steady slope. The ____31____ of our equipment was a constant form of resistance as it dragged stubbornly through the snow behind us. After 11 ____32____ days, and countless falls, slips and setbacks, our team of three ____33____ the eastern edge of the Vatnajokull glacier. We had overcome the odds, broken through our physical limitations and achieved success. I realised that this journey was about embracing the power of resilience (复原力), finding strength in tough moments and discovering that I was just as ____34____ as I always had been. No longer did I consider myself disabled or injured, because, if I could reach the ____35____ of a remote ice cap, I could overcome the frustrations and setbacks of day-to-day life with resilience and perseverance. 21 A. survived B. enabled C. paralysed D. repeated 22. A. unfolded B. unassisted C. undone D. unwrapped 23. A. fantastic B. frozen C. watery D. rolling 24. A. battle B. breathe C. turn D. leaf 25. A. resistance B. prospects C. limits D. difficulties 26. A. widest B. toughest C. ablest D. laziest 27. A. continue B. claim C. access D. climb 28. A. Carrying on B. Setting off C. Resulting in D. Dressing up 29. A. stress B. pain C. service D. weight 30. A. maintain B. seek C. select D. press 31. A. weight B. chain C. agency D. signal 32. A. dynamic B. hard-filled C. energetic D. efficient 33. A. shouldered B. resounded C. approached D. reflected 34. A. qualified B. suitable C. able-minded D. competitive 35. A. peak B. spot C. landmark D. pole 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I've always loved the ocean. In the____36____ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____37____ (think)it is food. I decided to do something ____38____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____39____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company____40____ emailed its president. I told him how ____41____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____42____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____43____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____44____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____45_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，中国国际展览中心（China International Exhibition Center）最近正在举办智能机器人展览。请写信给你的交换生朋友Arthur，邀请他一起去参观，内容包括： 1.时间和地点； 2.展览相关情况； 3.诚邀一同前往。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Arthur, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面文章，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整短文，续写词数应为150左右。 Eric was a nine-year-old boy who lived with his single mother, Stacey and sister, Lily. They lived a hard life. Eric felt bad for their situation but worse for himself, especially in school. Eric’s leather boots were worn out. They didn’t protect his feet from the rain, and his socks became totally wet as water went through the holes in his shoes. Stacey attempted to fix the holes but it was no use. Eric still walked to school with that pair of broken shoes. How much he wished he could also have new comfortable and expensive shoes his classmates wore! One day, Eric returned from school and complained to Stacey, “It was raining today. Water has leaked into my shoes again. I hate my boots! Why can’t you get me new ones?” Stacey was sad and helpless. “I spent our last savings on your sister’s medicine. She’s sick. Eric you know that. You need to act like a responsible big brother!” she answered. Tears welled up in Eric’s eyes. “I hate you!” he shouted. “You only care about Lily! You don’t love me!” Then he cried and ran to his room. After preparing dinner, Stacey went to his room with his dinner plate. “I’m sorry, Eric,” she whispered to comfort him. “We’re going through a very tough journey recently. But I’ll get you new shoes in the future.” However, Eric refused to listen to her. The next day, when Eric went to class, he took his seat quietly and hid his feet under his chair, as usual. He was embarrassed to show his boots. As the math teacher Mrs Fletcher entered the class, all the students greeted her. “Today, we have a very special friend with us,” she smiled. “Everyone, please welcome Ben, your new classmate.” Soon after, a boy with a pair of crutches(拐杖)entered. The new boy only had one leg. Eric was shocked. He and all his classmates thought how unlucky Ben was and that he must be very shy and sad. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: At that moment, Mrs Fletcher asked Ben to introduce himself. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Inspired by Ben, Eric realized he should appreciate what he had. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：1．B2．A3．B4．B5．A6．A 7．C8．C 9．A 10．B11．A 12．C 13．A14．B 15．C 16．A 17．B 18．B 19．A 20．B 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2022级下学期期末考试（24年7月） 高二英语 试卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟 注意事项： 1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。 4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．How often does the dentist want the man to come for cleaning? A．Every six weeks. B．Every six months. C．Every twelve months. 2．Why does the man make the call? A．To ask for information. B．To make an appointment. C．To send out an invitation. 3．Why did Anna move out? A．She missed her parents. B．She was tired of sharing a flat C．She wanted to live near the school. 4．How does the woman go to work? A．By car. B．On foot. C．By bike. 5．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Teacher and student. C．Doctor and patient. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What does the woman think of her notes? A．They aren’t helpful. B．They are well-organized. C．They are easily understood. 7．What does the man think the woman should do? A．Go through her notes often. B．Think over all the things in class. C．Write down the key points when taking notes. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．How will the man deal with the oven? A．Have it checked. B．Replace it. C．Have it repaired. 9．What is the worst thing for the woman? A．The air conditioner broke down. B．The fridge won’t start. C．The plug is broken. 10．What relation is the man to the woman? A．Her husband. B．Her house owner. C．Her boss. 听下面一段较长对话，回答第以下小题。 11．Why is the man going to Beijing? A．To find a job. B．To go traveling. C．To do business. 12．How will the man go to Beijing? A．By air. B．By car. C．By train. 13．What does the man ask the woman to do? A．Wish him good luck. B．Buy him a ticket. C．Get his things ready. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 14．How long has the speaker lived in a big city? A．One year. B．Ten years. C．Eighteen years. 15．What is the speaker’s opinion on public transport? A．It’s comfortable. B．It’s time-saving. C．It’s cheap. 16．What is good about living in a small town? A．It’s safer. B．It’s healthier. C．It’s more convenient. 17．What kind of life does the speaker seem to like most? A．Busy. B．Colorful. C．Quiet. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 18．Where are the speakers? A．In a hospital. B．In the office. C．At home. 19．When is the report due? A．Thursday. B．Friday. C．Next Monday. 20．What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report? A．Improve it. B．Hand it in later. C．Leave it with him. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Seven-year-olds, with their increasing attention spans, are ready for more complex chapter books, but they still enjoy shorter stories and funny picture books. See what your second graders think of these tried-and-true read-aloud books. Chicken Cheeks by Michael Ian Black is a short, silly tale about a bear who is determined to reach some honey with the help of some of his animal friends. With minimal text, this book is a short, quick read-aloud one that appeals to the potty-humor of seven-year-olds. Frog and Toad by Arnold Lobel follows the adventures of a pair of amphibian best friends, Frog and Toad. The stories are silly, heart-warming, relatable, and always a treasure to share with children. Charlotte’s Web by E. B. White, published in 1952, captivates readers of all ages with its timeless tale of friendship, love, and sacrifice. The story introduces children to the richness of language and reminds them of the influence we can have on the lives of others even if we feel small and insignificant. The Boxcar Children by Gertrude Chandler Warner, a series originally published in 1924, tells the story of four orphaned siblings who work together to make their home in an abandoned boxcar. The story imparts lessons such as hard work, resilience, and team work all woven into a story that will hook young readers and inspire them to investigate the rest of the series. 1. Which book should you choose if you want your children to improve their language skills? A. Chicken Cheeks. B. Charlotte’s Web. C. Frog and Toad. D. The Boxcar Children. 2. Which of the four books has a continuation? A. Charlotte’s Web. B. Frog and Toad. C. The Boxcar Children. D. Chicken Cheeks. 3. What do the four books have in common? A. They are all humorous. B. They were published in the 19th century. C. They are all about adventures. D. They are all suitable for second-grade children. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本适合7岁孩子阅读的内容有趣的书。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The story introduces children to the richness of language and reminds them of the influence we can have on the lives of others even if we feel small and insignificant.(这个故事向孩子们介绍了语言的丰富性，并提醒他们即使我们感到渺小和微不足道，我们也可以对他人的生活产生影响)”可知，《夏洛的网》展示了语言的丰富性，适合帮助孩子提高他们的语言技能。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The Boxcar Children by Gertrude Chandler Warner, a series originally published in 1924, tells the story of four orphaned siblings who work together to make their home in an abandoned boxcar.(格特鲁德·钱德勒·华纳的《棚车少年》系列小说最初出版于1924年，讲述了四个孤儿兄弟姐妹在一辆废弃的车厢里共同建立家园的故事)”可知，《棚车少年》是系列小说，有续篇。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“See what your second graders think of these tried-and-true read-aloud books.(看看你的二年级学生对这些经过验证的有声读物有什么看法)”可知，这四本书都适合二年级儿童阅读。故选D项。 B Cordero is the farm manager at Ollin Farms, not far from Boulder, Colorado. The locally grown vegetables on the farm aren’t just pretty. “We play an important role in public health nutrition programs,” says Cordero’s dad, Mark Guttridge, who started this farm with his wife, Kena, 17 years ago. At a meeting with about a dozen local farmers, two state representatives, and the Colorado officials of agriculture, Guttridge explains how Boulder county has made creative investments in his farm that could be spread to the state or even national level. Before the meeting, Guttridge shows them one of those investments. A dozen sheep, which Guttridge raises for wool, feed on root vegetables like radishes that have been leftover for them. “So these guys are out fertilizing the vegetable field,” Guttridge laughs. “They’ll be out here a couple more weeks, and then we’ll get our next summer vegetables planted right there.” Around the field is a special moveable type of fencing that Ollin Farms bought using financial aid from the Boulder County Sustainability Office. It allows them to move the sheep from one field to another, fertilizing as they go. The goal of these investments is “really building up our soil health,” he explains. “That relates directly to the nutrient quality of the food-healthy soil grows healthy food.” The county also makes an effort to get that healthy food out to different communities to boost public health. That’s where the Boulder County Public Health department comes in. It created a coupon program to give discounts to people buying fruits and vegetables from Ollin Farms. Nutrition incentive programs, like those public health fruit and vegetable coupons, are spreading all over the country, and most are funded through the federal farm bill. Amy Yaroch, executive director at the Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, says “It’s a trip le win. It’s basically good for the consumers who live in that particular community because they’re getting the healthy food, it’s good for the farmer, and then it’s good for the economy.” 4. What does Ollin Farms do? A. It makes public nutrition health plans. B. It offers financial aid to other farms. C. It provides cheap food to the local community. D. It grows fruits and vegetables rich in nutrition. 5. How does Boulder county support sustainable farming practices at Ollin Farms? A. By raising sheep on radishes. B. By buying fences for farmhouses. C. By funding the farm’s soil health. D. By giving advice about fertilizing fields. 6. What is Amy’s attitude towards “nutrition incentive programs”? A. Cautious. B. Dismissive. C. Unclear. D. Approving. 7. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. Couponing for Health: Stimulating Nutrition Choices B. Growing Health: Innovations in Farm and Public Health Initiatives C. Fertile Fields and Furry Friends: A Farming Fairy Tale D. Local Produce, Global Impact: The Nutrition Choices of Ollin Farms 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Cordero和妻子创办的Ollin农场，在公共健康营养项目中发挥着重要的作用。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“‘We play an important role in public health nutrition programs,’ says Cordero’s dad, Mark Guttridge, who started this farm with his wife, Kena, 17 years ago.(‘我们在公共健康营养项目中扮演着重要的角色，’Cordero的父亲Mark Gutridge说，他在17年前和妻子Kena一起创办了这个农场。)”和第三段中“That relates directly to the nutrient quality of the food-healthy soil grows healthy food.(这直接关系到食物的营养质量——健康的土壤才能长出健康的食物。)”可知，Ollin农场种植营养丰富的水果和蔬菜。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The goal of these investments is ‘really building up our soil health,’ he explains. ‘That relates directly to the nutrient quality of the food-healthy soil grows healthy food.’(他解释说，这些投资的目标是‘真正建立我们的土壤健康’。‘这直接关系到食物的营养质量——健康的土壤才能长出健康的食物。’)”可知，博尔德县通过资助农场的土壤健康支持奥林农场的可持续农业实践。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Amy Yaroch所说“It’s a trip le win. It’s basically good for the consumers who live in that particular community because they’re getting the healthy food, it’s good for the farmer, and then it’s good for the economy.(这是一次双赢的旅行。这基本上对生活在那个特定社区的消费者有好处，因为他们得到了健康的食物，这对农民有好处，对经济也有好处。)”可知，Amy对“营养激励计划”的态度是赞同的。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Cordero is the farm manager at Ollin Farms, not far from Boulder, Colorado. The locally grown vegetables on the farm aren’t just pretty. ‘We play an important role in public health nutrition programs,’ says Cordero’s dad, Mark Guttridge, who started this farm with his wife, Kena, 17 years ago.(Cordero是离科罗拉多州博尔德市不远的奥利农场的农场经理。农场里本地种植的蔬菜不仅漂亮。‘我们在公共健康营养项目中扮演着重要的角色，’Cordero的父亲Mark gutridge说，他在17年前和妻子Kena一起创办了这个农场。)”可知，本文主要介绍了Cordero和妻子创办的Ollin农场，在公共健康营养项目中发挥着重要的作用。B项“健康成长：农场和公共卫生倡议的创新”符合主题，故选B项。 C At Nature Fresh Farms in Leamington, Canada, there’s something new among the rows of tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and strawberries. Using thousands of sensors in every greenhouse, artificial-intelligence technology is helping the farm better aspects such as lighting, irrigation and harvest timing, aiming to increase the yields of its crops and reduce its use of power and water. Farmers use drones (无人机) to survey farms and look for information on weeds, pests and disease. A lot of research into AI and agriculture is done at institutions, but it then needs to be tested in a network of smart farms. One of the farms is Emili’s Innovation Farms. “We really show how they work in a commercial setting and in a way are being a bit of a risk mitigator (缓和) as we try out these technologies and then share with others, including other farmers, and how they actually work as a means to accelerate the adoption and full integration of those new technologies,” said Ms. Keena, managing director of Emili. It takes time to find out whether new technology has affected a crop, and this can be a barrier to adoption for farmers. Sometimes it’s within a year, or within a few years. Ms. Keena said, “We can’t ask them to take big risks on integrating new technologies at scale as part of their operations in things that are unproven.” Innovation Farms addresses a piece of one of the barriers of people needing to be able to see these technologies rolled out in a full-scale and commercial way ahead of being able to adopt them themselves. Farmers’ trust levels are also a barrier. Data are important to AI models, but farmers need to be better inspired to share their data in order to make the technology better. But over time, there’s an increase in engagement from farmers. “Farmer engagement is absolutely critical” to developing AI tools for agriculture. “If they’ve seen it demonstrated essentially in their backyard through a smart farm, well, then we’re that much further ahead toward adoption.” 8. What can be learned about AI from Paragraph 1? A. It replaces employees. B. It changes how farms run. C. It adds vegetable diversity. D. It shortens production cycle. 9. Why is AI technology tested at Emilli’s Innovation Farms? A. To predict its future. B. To expand its market. C. To confirm its reliability. D. To introduce its advantage. 10. What’s the key to removing the barriers? A. Bettering AI models. B. Developing more AI tools. C. Enlarging the farm scales. D. Gaining farmers’ recognition. 11. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. AI: a promoter of farmers’ life B. AI: a driver of agricultural development C. Smart farms: good examples about AI adoption D. Smart farms: pioneers in agricultural innovation 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人工智能对农业的帮助、目前面临的障碍以及前景。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Using thousands of sensors in every greenhouse, artificial-intelligence technology is helping the farm better aspects such as lighting, irrigation and harvest timing, aiming to increase the yields of its crops and reduce its use of power and water. Farmers use drones(无人机) to survey farms and look for information on weeds, pests and disease.(在每个温室中使用数千个传感器，人工智能技术正在帮助农场改善照明、灌溉和收获时间等方面，旨在提高作物产量，减少电力和水的使用。农民使用无人机调查农场，寻找杂草、害虫和疾病的信息。)”可推测出，人工智能技术改变了农场的运营模式。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A lot of research into AI and agriculture is done at institutions, but it then needs to be tested in a network of smart farms. One of the farms is Emili’s Innovation Farms.(许多关于人工智能和农业的研究都是在机构进行的，但随后需要在智能农场网络中进行测试。其中一个农场是Emili的创新农场。)”和Emili的话“We really show how they work in a commercial setting and in a way are being a bit of a risk mitigator(缓和) as we try out these technologies and then share with others, including other farmers, and how they actually work as a means to accelerate the adoption and full integration of those new technologies(我们真的展示了它们在商业环境中是如何工作的，在某种程度上，当我们尝试这些技术并与包括其他农民在内的其他人分享时，它们在一定程度上是一种风险缓减器，以及它们是如何作为一种手段来加速这些新技术的采用和全面整合的)”可知，由于需要在智能农场中测试人工智能，所以选择了Emili的创新农场，结合Emili的话可推知，在Emili的创新农场测试人工智能是为了证实其可靠性。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It takes time to find out whether new technology has affected a crop, and this can be a barrier to adoption for farmers.(需要时间来确定新技术是否影响了作物，这可能会成为农民采用的障碍。)”“We can’t ask them to take big risks on integrating new technologies at scale as part of their operations in things that are unproven.(我们不能要求他们在未经证实的事情上大规模整合新技术，作为其运营的一部分。)”、最后一段中的“Farmers’ trust levels are also a barrier.(农民的信任程度也是一个障碍。)”“If they’ve seen it demonstrated essentially in their backyard through a smart farm, well, then we’re that much further ahead toward adoption.(如果他们看到它基本上是通过一个智能农场在他们的后院展示的，那么我们在采用方面就走得更远了。)”可推测出，我们不能让农民在未经证实的事情上大规模运用这种新技术，但通过在智能农场上展示这种技术，可以促进农民采用，由此可推测出，想办法获取农民的认可是消除障碍的关键。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段介绍了人工智能对农业运行模式的改善；第二段介绍了在智能农场测试人工智能技术的效果；第三、四段讲述了人工智能在农业运用方面的障碍以及前景。由此可推测出，本文围绕人工智能对农业发展的推进展开，B项“人工智能：农业发展的驱动力”最适合作本文标题。故选B。 D Artificial intelligence(AI) models have long surpassed (超出) just creating text responses and images. Now, with only one sentence, OpenAI’s latest text-to-video model, Sora, can turn your words into video with good visual quality while completely following your content instructions (指令). Sora is said to be better than many other existing models with similar functions. The AI model can create videos at suitable aspect ratios (屏幕高宽比) for different devices. It also lets users quickly test out content in lower quality before making the high-quality version, which helps speed up output according to the user’s requests. Apart from this, its ability to present videos in a realistic and smooth manner is surprising. Sora can create detailed scenes with several characters, specific types of motion, and accurate (准确的) subject and background details. Beyond the user’s requests, it also understands how these elements exist in the real world. For example, reflections in the water change as a woman walks by. However, the current model isn’t perfect. It may have trouble accurately showing how things move in a complicated (复杂的) scene and might not get how one action leads to another. For example, if someone eats part of a cookie in a Sora-made video, the cookie might not look like it’s been bitten into. The model might mix up directions and find it hard to describe events in the right order. One possible reason is that Sora learns each basic unit of a video, known as a spacetime patch (时空补丁), independently. Sora is still in the testing stage of development. OpenAI is now inviting network security professionals to make random attacks on Sora’s system in order to test the model’s possible weaknesses and risks. Sora has also been open to some visual artists, designers and filmmakers. Their feedback will help OpenAI to improve the model to better serve creative professionals. 12. What is the main focus of paragraph 2 and 3? A. Sora’s strengths. B. Sora’s weaknesses. C. Sora’s development. D. Sora’s popularity. 13. Why does the author provide the example in paragraph 4? A. To show Sora’s safety problems. B. To show Sora’s existing weaknesses. C. To show Sora’s perfect performance. D. To explain the concept of a spacetime patch. 14. What can we know about Sora up to now? A. It has experienced testing and improvement. B. It has enjoyed great popularity. C. It has made random attacks. D. It has been applied in various industries. 15. What’s the best title for the text? A. Sora: A perfect text-to-video AI model B. Sora: Surpass existing ChatGPT C. Sora: Known as a spacetime patch D. Sora: Lead the way in creating videos 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Sora这一先进AI模型能够根据文本指令生成高质量视频及其特点。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Sora is said to be better than many other existing models with similar functions. The AI model can create videos at suitable aspect ratios(屏幕高宽比) for different devices. It also lets users quickly test out content in lower quality before making the high-quality version, which helps speed up output according to the user’s requests.(据说Sora比许多其他具有类似功能的现有模型更优秀。该人工智能模型能够为不同的设备创建合适屏幕高宽比的视频。它还允许用户在制作高质量版本之前快速测试较低质量的内容，这有助于根据用户的需求加快产出速度)”及第三段中“Apart from this, its ability to present videos in a realistic and smooth manner is surprising.(除此之外，它以逼真流畅的方式呈现视频的能力令人惊讶)”可知，第二段和第三段主要描述了Sora的优点，包括它可以创建适合不同设备的视频、允许用户快速测试低质量版本以及能够生成真实流畅的视频场景等，这两段的重点在于展示Sora的优势。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“However, the current model isn’t perfect. It may have trouble accurately showing how things move in a complicated(复杂的) scene and might not get how one action leads to another.(然而，当前的模型并不完美。它可能难以准确地展现复杂场景中事物的运动，并且可能无法理解一个动作是如何导致另一个动作的)”及所举例子“For example, if someone eats part of a cookie in a Sora-made video, the cookie might not look like it’s been bitten into. The model might mix up directions and find it hard to describe events in the right order.(例如，在由Sora生成的视频中，如果某人吃掉了一部分饼干，饼干可能看起来不像是被咬过的。该模型可能会混淆方向，并且难以按正确的顺序描述事件)”可知，第四段提到的例子是为了说明Sora在处理复杂场景时的一些局限性，比如难以准确表现物体运动或事件顺序等，这个例子是用来展示Sora目前存在的弱点。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sora is still in the testing stage of development. OpenAI is now inviting network security professionals to make random attacks on Sora’s system in order to test the model’s possible weaknesses and risks. Sora has also been open to some visual artists, designers and filmmakers. Their feedback will help OpenAI to improve the model to better serve creative professionals.(Sora仍处于开发测试阶段。OpenAI目前正邀请网络安全专业人士对Sora的系统进行随机攻击，以此来测试该模型可能存在的弱点和风险。Sora也已向一些视觉艺术家、设计师和电影制作人开放。他们的反馈将帮助OpenAI改进模型，以便更好地服务于创意专业人士)”可知，Sora已经经历了测试和改进的过程。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容及第一段“Artificial intelligence(AI) models have long surpassed(超出) just creating text responses and images. Now, with only one sentence, OpenAI’s latest text-to-video model, Sora, can turn your words into video with good visual quality while completely following your content instructions(指令).(人工智能模型早已超越了仅创造文本响应和图像的能力。现在，只需一句话，OpenAI的最新文本转视频模型Sora就能将你的文字转化为具有良好视觉质量的视频，并完全遵循你的内容指示)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍了Sora在文本转视频方面的先进功能和技术优势，尽管它还存在一些限制，但它在视频创作领域显示出引领潮流的潜力，D选项“Sora: 引领视频创作”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Does your teenager seem addicted to the Internet? Probably yes. ___16___ At first, parents welcome the Internet into their homes, believing they are opening up an exciting new world of educational chances for their children. ___17___ Instead of using the Internet for homework or research, they are spending hours messaging with friends, playing online games or talking to strangers in chat rooms. Keeping a healthy balance between entertainment media and other activities in their children’s lives has always been a challenge for parents. The Internet has made this challenge even more difficult. ___18___ However parents are usually not aware that there is a problem until it becomes serious. This is because it is easy to hide what you are doing online and Internet addiction is not widely recognized by the medical community. Children and young people can easily become hooked on online activities such as multi-player games, instant messaging and chat rooms. The most vulnerable children are those who are unpopular or shy with peers. ___19___ Boys, in particular, are frequent users of online role-playing games, where they assume new identities and interact with other players. For the children who are not so outgoing, playing these games with thousands of other users may apparently be a social activity. ___20___. So parents need to help children limit the online time to an appropriate amount. A. That is especially obvious when it comes to online social games. B. In fact playing too much can further keep them away from friends and peers. C. The amount of time teenagers spend online is a source of concern for many parents. D. But numerous parents don’t discover this worrying situation and ignore it naturally. E. However, many parents soon realize that their kids were gradually becoming Internet addicts. F. The engaging nature of the Internet makes many children lose track of time when they’re online. G. They can be easily attracted to the opportunities for creating new identities in online communities. 【答案】16. C 17. E 18. F 19. G 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了孩子沉迷网络的现象以及父母如何让孩子远离沉迷网络。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Does your teenager seem addicted to the Internet? Probably yes.”（你的孩子似乎沉迷于网络吗？可能是的。）引出话题，提到沉迷网络。以及下文“At first, parents welcome the Internet into their homes, believing they are opening up an exciting new world of educational chances for their children.”（起初，父母欢迎互联网进入他们的家，相信他们正在为他们的孩子打开一个令人兴奋的教育机会的新世界。）提到起初父母认为互联网带来的好处。结合选项C项The amount of time teenagers spend online is a source of concern for many parents.（青少年花在网上的时间是许多家长担心的一个问题。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，同时引起下文，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“At first, parents welcome the Internet into their homes, believing they are opening up an exciting new world of educational chances for their children.”（起初，父母欢迎互联网进入他们的家，相信他们正在为他们的孩子打开一个令人兴奋的教育机会的新世界。）提到起初父母认为互联网带来的好处。以及下文“Instead of using the Internet for homework or research, they are spending hours messaging with friends, playing online games or talking to strangers in chat rooms.”（他们不是用互联网做作业或研究，而是花几个小时和朋友发信息，玩网络游戏或在聊天室和陌生人聊天。）提到互联网带来的负面影响。结合选项E项However, many parents soon realize that their kids were gradually becoming Internet addicts.（然而，许多家长很快就意识到他们的孩子正在逐渐成为网瘾者。）可知，承接上文内容，同时下文内容是对空格处的具体解释和说明，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Keeping a healthy balance between entertainment media and other activities in their children’s lives has always been a challenge for parents. The Internet has made this challenge even more difficult.”（对于父母来说，在娱乐媒体和孩子生活中的其他活动之间保持健康的平衡一直是一个挑战。互联网使这一挑战变得更加困难。）提到互联网给父母带来的挑战。结合选项F项The engaging nature of the Internet makes many children lose track of time when they’re online.（互联网吸引人的本质使许多孩子上网时忘记了时间。）可知，为具体解释这一挑战和困难的原因，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选F项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“The most vulnerable children are those who are unpopular or shy with peers.”（最容易受影响的孩子是那些不受欢迎或在同龄人面前害羞的孩子。）提到最容易受影响的孩子，以及下文“Boys, in particular, are frequent users of online role-playing games, where they assume new identities and interact with other players.”（尤其是男孩，他们是在线角色扮演游戏的常客，在那里他们扮演新的身份并与其他玩家互动。）提到尤其是男孩是在线角色扮演游戏的常客。结合选项G项They can be easily attracted to the opportunities for creating new identities in online communities.（他们很容易被在网络社区中创造新身份的机会所吸引。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，该句中的They指的就是上文中提到的The most vulnerable children，同时下文是对空格处内容的进一步解释和说明，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“For the children who are not so outgoing, playing these games with thousands of other users may apparently be a social activity.”（对于那些不那么外向的孩子来说，与成千上万的其他用户一起玩这些游戏显然是一种社交活动。）提到对于外向的孩子来说是一种社交活动。以及下文“So parents need to help children limit the online time to an appropriate amount.”（所以父母需要帮助孩子限制上网时间到一个适当的量。）提到父母需要帮助孩子限制上网时间。结合选项B项In fact, playing too much can further keep them away from friends and peers.（事实上，玩得太多会让他们远离朋友和同龄人。）可知，选项中的them指代前文提到的the children who are not so outgoing，符合语境。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The view from the top was breathtaking. It was 2023 and I had just climbed the Hvannadals Peak in Iceland, almost seven years after becoming ____21____ from the chest down after a climbing fall. My two teammates and I were on our way to becoming the first all-disabled team to cross Europe’s largest icecap, unsupported and ____22____. From our start point at the western edge of the Vatnajokull, we faced a ____23____, tough landscape. We would need to ____24____ through storm-force winds and work as a team to overcome the ____25____ of our spinal cord (脊髓) injuries. This was going to be the ____26____ challenge of my life. The plan was to ____27____ from the base of the ice cap to its highest point, the Hvannadals Peak. ____28____ together, we started toward the frozen horizon, dragging two sledges laden with equipment behind us. Just 10 minutes into our journey, I was already beginning to feel the ____29____ on my shoulders and arms as I used my upper body to ____30____ my sit-ski up the steady slope. The ____31____ of our equipment was a constant form of resistance as it dragged stubbornly through the snow behind us. After 11 ____32____ days, and countless falls, slips and setbacks, our team of three ____33____ the eastern edge of the Vatnajokull glacier. We had overcome the odds, broken through our physical limitations and achieved success. I realised that this journey was about embracing the power of resilience (复原力), finding strength in tough moments and discovering that I was just as ____34____ as I always had been. No longer did I consider myself disabled or injured, because, if I could reach the ____35____ of a remote ice cap, I could overcome the frustrations and setbacks of day-to-day life with resilience and perseverance. 21. A. survived B. enabled C. paralysed D. repeated 22. A. unfolded B. unassisted C. undone D. unwrapped 23. A. fantastic B. frozen C. watery D. rolling 24. A. battle B. breathe C. turn D. leaf 25. A. resistance B. prospects C. limits D. difficulties 26. A. widest B. toughest C. ablest D. laziest 27. A. continue B. claim C. access D. climb 28. A. Carrying on B. Setting off C. Resulting in D. Dressing up 29. A. stress B. pain C. service D. weight 30. A. maintain B. seek C. select D. press 31. A. weight B. chain C. agency D. signal 32. A. dynamic B. hard-filled C. energetic D. efficient 33. A. shouldered B. resounded C. approached D. reflected 34. A. qualified B. suitable C. able-minded D. competitive 35. A. peak B. spot C. landmark D. pole 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了残疾人在艰难环境下攀登冰岛最高峰的故事，展现了坚韧不拔的精神。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是2023年，我刚刚登上了冰岛的Hvannadals Peak山峰，这距离我在一次攀岩事故后胸部以下瘫痪已经过去了将近七年。A. survived幸存；B. enabled使能够；C. paralysed瘫痪；D. repeated重复。根据下文“from the chest down after a climbing fall”可知，作者因攀岩坠落而从胸部以下瘫痪。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和我的两名队友即将成为第一支在无人支持和无人协助的情况下穿越欧洲最大冰盖的全残疾人队伍。A. unfolded展开的；B. unassisted无协助的；C. undone未完成的；D. unwrapped解开的。根据上文“unsupported”可知，此处指无支持且不借助外力帮助的全残疾人队伍。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从Vatnajökull冰川西缘的起点开始，我们面对着冰冻的、艰苦的地形。A. fantastic奇妙的；B. frozen冰冻的；C. watery多水的；D. rolling起伏的。根据上文“cross Europe’s largest icecap”及下文“storm-force winds 可知，他们是在冰川上，这里指冰冻的、艰苦的地形。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们需要与风暴级别的强风作战，并作为一个团队合作来克服我们脊髓损伤带来的限制。A. battle战斗；B. breathe呼吸；C. turn转向；D. leaf翻页。根据下文“through storm-force winds”可知，这里指对抗恶劣天气条件，在暴风雪中战斗。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要与风暴级别的强风作战，并作为一个团队合作来克服我们脊髓损伤带来的限制。A. resistance抵抗；B. prospects前景；C. limits限制；D. difficulties困难。根据下文“of our spinal cord (脊髓) injuries”可知，这里指的是由脊髓损伤带来的身体上的局限性。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这将是我生命中最艰难的挑战。A. widest最宽的；B. toughest最艰难的；C. ablest最有能力的；D. laziest最懒惰的。根据上文内容以及下文“challenge of my life”可知，这里指的是这次挑战将是他们所面临的最艰难的一次。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：计划是从冰盖底部攀登到它的最高点，即Hvannadals Peak。A. continue继续；B. claim声称；C. access访问，进入；D. climb攀登，爬。根据下文“from the base of the ice cap to its highest point”可知，这里指从冰川底部攀登至顶峰。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一起出发，我们朝着冰封的地平线开始行进，身后拖着两辆装载着装备的雪橇。A. Carrying on继续；B. Setting off出发；C. Resulting in导致；D. Dressing up打扮。根据下文“we started toward the frozen horizon”可知，这里指开始他们的探险之旅，一起出发。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：仅仅在行程开始后的10分钟内，我就已经开始感受到肩膀和手臂的疼痛，因为我使用上半身的力量来保持我的坐式滑雪板稳定地向上坡行进。A. stress压力；B. pain疼痛；C. service服务；D. weight重量。根据下文“on my shoulders and arms”可知，这里指由于努力拉动雪橇而产生的肩膀和手臂上的疼痛。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅仅在行程开始后的10分钟内，我就已经开始感受到肩膀和手臂的疼痛，因为我使用上半身的力量来保持我的坐式滑雪板稳定地向上坡行进。A. maintain维持；B. seek寻找；C. select选择；D. press按压。根据下文“my sit-ski up the steady slope”可知，这里描述的是用上半身力量保持坐式滑雪板前进的动作。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的装备重量成了持续不断的阻力，因为它固执地在我们身后的雪地中被拖拽着。A. weight重量；B. chain链条；C. agency代理处；D. signal信号。根据下文“of our equipment was a constant form of resistance as it dragged stubbornly through the snow behind us”可知，这里指的是装备本身的重量。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过11天艰难的日子，无数次跌倒、滑倒和挫折之后，我们三人终于接近了Vatnajökull冰川东缘。A. dynamic动态的；B. hard-filled充满艰难的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. efficient高效的。根据下文“and countless falls, slips and setbacks”可知，这里描述的是经历了一段充满困难的时间。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过11天艰难的日子，无数次跌倒、滑倒和挫折之后，我们三人终于接近了Vatnajökull冰川东缘。A. shouldered承担；B. resounded回响；C. approached接近；D. reflected反思。根据下文“the eastern edge of the Vatnajokull glacier”可知，这里描述的是他们接近冰川东缘的情景。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到这次旅行是关于拥抱复原力的力量，发现艰难时刻的力量，并且认识到我仍然像以前一样有能力。A. qualified有资格的；B. suitable合适的；C. able-minded有能力的；D. competitive有竞争力的。根据下文“as I always had been”可知，这里强调的是个人的能力没有因为残疾而减少，和以前一样有能力。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不再认为自己是残疾或受伤的人，因为如果我能到达一个遥远冰盖的顶峰，我就能以韧性和毅力克服日常生活中的挫折和阻碍。A. peak顶峰；B. spot地点；C. landmark地标；D. pole极点。根据上文“from the base of the ice cap to its highest point”可知，这里指达到冰盖的顶峰。故选A。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I've always loved the ocean. In the____36____ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____37____ (think)it is food. I decided to do something ____38____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____39____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company____40____ emailed its president. I told him how ____41____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____42____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____43____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____44____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____45_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 【答案】36. seventh 37. thinking 38. to educate 39. which##that 40. and 41. harmful 42. excited 43. was 44. representative 45. from 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。 【36题详解】 考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词，所以填seventh。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，____2____ (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，____3____ (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构， ____4____ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系，用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。 【43题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班从塑料杯换成纸杯。 from sth to sth从...到..., 所以填from。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，中国国际展览中心（China International Exhibition Center）最近正在举办智能机器人展览。请写信给你的交换生朋友Arthur，邀请他一起去参观，内容包括： 1.时间和地点； 2.展览相关情况； 3.诚邀一同前往。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Arthur, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Arthur, How have you been recently? There is an impressive collection of smart robots being displayed at China International Exhibition Center recently from January 5, lasting for 3 days. The exhibition shows the latest technology and related products from home and abroad. Visitors can enjoy fun interactions with many clever robots, which not only demonstrate the dramatic development of Chinese high technology but also arouse their interest in robotic science. Would you like to visit the exhibition? I’m sure you will benefit a lot from it. Looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生朋友Arthur写信，邀请他一起去参观中国国际展览中心最近正在举办的智能机器人展览。 【详解】1.词汇积累 最近：recently→lately 有趣的：fun→interesting 证明：demonstrate→prove 参观：visit→pay a visit to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：There is an impressive collection of smart robots being displayed at China International Exhibition Center recently from January 5, lasting for 3 days. 拓展句：There is an impressive collection of smart robots being displayed at China International Exhibition Center recently from January 5, which lasts for 3 days. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Visitors can enjoy fun interactions with many clever robots, which not only demonstrate the dramatic development of Chinese high technology but also arouse their interest in robotic science.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I’m sure you will benefit a lot from it.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面文章，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整短文，续写词数应为150左右。 Eric was a nine-year-old boy who lived with his single mother, Stacey and sister, Lily. They lived a hard life. Eric felt bad for their situation but worse for himself, especially in school. Eric’s leather boots were worn out. They didn’t protect his feet from the rain, and his socks became totally wet as water went through the holes in his shoes. Stacey attempted to fix the holes but it was no use. Eric still walked to school with that pair of broken shoes. How much he wished he could also have new comfortable and expensive shoes his classmates wore! One day, Eric returned from school and complained to Stacey, “It was raining today. Water has leaked into my shoes again. I hate my boots! Why can’t you get me new ones?” Stacey was sad and helpless. “I spent our last savings on your sister’s medicine. She’s sick. Eric you know that. You need to act like a responsible big brother!” she answered. Tears welled up in Eric’s eyes. “I hate you!” he shouted. “You only care about Lily! You don’t love me!” Then he cried and ran to his room. After preparing dinner, Stacey went to his room with his dinner plate. “I’m sorry, Eric,” she whispered to comfort him. “We’re going through a very tough journey recently. But I’ll get you new shoes in the future.” However, Eric refused to listen to her. The next day, when Eric went to class, he took his seat quietly and hid his feet under his chair, as usual. He was embarrassed to show his boots. As the math teacher Mrs Fletcher entered the class, all the students greeted her. “Today, we have a very special friend with us,” she smiled. “Everyone, please welcome Ben, your new classmate.” Soon after, a boy with a pair of crutches(拐杖)entered. The new boy only had one leg. Eric was shocked. He and all his classmates thought how unlucky Ben was and that he must be very shy and sad. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: At that moment, Mrs Fletcher asked Ben to introduce himself. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Inspired by Ben, Eric realized he should appreciate what he had. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： At that moment, Mrs Fletcher asked Ben to introduce himself. To everyone’s surprise, Ben walked to the platform cheerfully and confidently. After greeting them in a joyful voice, he shared many hobbies and his loving family. At the end of his speaking, Ben added, “Even though I have lost a leg, I never feel bad for my situation. I’m grateful for what I have.” All of the students were touched by Ben’s words and clapped for his courage and optimism from the bottom of their hearts. Inspired by Ben, Eric realized he should appreciate what he had. After school, he gladly walked home. When reaching home, he knocked at Mom’s door and apologized sincerely, “Mom, I’m sorry I shouted at you. I should thank you for everything you have done for me and I will take good care of Lily like a responsible big brother.” Hearing what he said, Stacey hugged Eric tightly, with relieved tears pouring down her cheeks silently. From that day on, Eric became confident and didn’t hide his feet under his chair any more. 【解析】 【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了小男孩Eric与妈妈和妹妹生活在一起，生活拮据。在一天下雨打湿鞋子后，他在学校因为又湿又破的鞋子很自卑，想要一双新鞋子，但是由于妈妈把钱给生病的妹妹买药了，没有钱给他买鞋子而与妈妈发生争执。后来，班里来了一位只有一只脚却积极乐观的同学Ben，Eric大受启发，和妈妈和解，感激他所拥有的一切，不再因为鞋破掉了而自卑，而是自信面对一切。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“在那一刻，Mrs Fletcher让Ben介绍自己。”可知，第一段可描写Eric听到Ben进行积极乐观的自我介绍后的反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“Ben在受到Eric的话得启发后，开始感激他所拥有的一切。”可知，第二段可描写他感激并珍惜自己拥有的一切，和妈妈和解，自信面对一切。 2.续写线索：听自我介绍——感动——道歉——和解——自信 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①鼓掌：clapped/applauded ②到家：reach home/ get home 情绪类 ①感动的：touched/moved ②感谢某人：thank sb. /be grateful to sb. 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Hearing what he said, Stacey hugged Eric tightly, with relieved tears pouring down her cheeks silently.（hearing现在分词作状语） [高分句型2]. When reaching home, he knocked at Mom’s door and apologized sincerely, “Mom, I'm sorry I shouted at you. I should thank you for everything you have done for me and I will take good care of Lily like a responsible big brother.” （when引导的时间状语从句的省略） 听力答案：1．B2．A3．B4．B5．A6．A 7．C8．C 9．A 10．B11．A 12．C 13．A14．B 15．C 16．A 17．B 18．B 19．A 20．B 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$