精品解析：安徽省合肥一中肥东分校2023-2024学年高二下学期第二次月考英语试题

合肥一中肥东分校2023-2024年度高二年级下学期英语阶段性测试 (时间： 120 分钟 满分：150 分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a park. C. In the street. 2. How will the speakers get to the park? A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By subway. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Employer and employee. C. Father and daughter 4. How much does the woman pay for the gym per month? A. $20. B. $30. C. $50. 5. What can we learn about the old oven? A. It's broken. B. It's not in style. C. It isn't multi-functional. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their graduation party. B. Their favorite classes. C. Their future plans. 7. What does the woman want to be? A. A scientist. B. A doctor. C. A computer programmer. 听第7段材料，回答8、9题。 8. What type of tea does the woman prefer? A. Brown tea. B. Green tea. C. Flower tea. 9. How will the man make the payment? A. In cash. B. By cellphone. C. By credit card. 听第8段材料，回答10至12题。 10. When did the man go in the locker room? A. A few minutes ago. B. A quarter ago. C. Half an hour ago. 11. What does the man complain about the lockers? A. They're being occupied inappropriately. B. They're too dirty and need cleaning. C. They're not very safe for storage. 12. What's wrong with the clothes hangers? A. Too ugly. B. Too weak. C. Too big. 听第9段材料，回答13至16题。 13. Why did the woman fail to go climbing? A. She was worn out. B. She lost touch with others. C. She loved the scene at the bottom. 14 What was the woman doing when she saw a dolphin? A. Relaxing on the beach. B. Sailing in a boat. C. Diving. 15. What made the woman give up doing bungee jumping? A. Her fear. B. Her health. C. Equipment problems. 16. What did the woman like best about her vacation? A. Exploring the rainforest. B. Visiting the old caves. C. Playing with the dolphin. 听第10段材料，回答17至20题。 17. What can be affected certainly if teenagers lack sleep? A. Their spirits. B. Their long-term health. C. Their academic performance. 18. What is to blame for teenagers lacking sleep? A. Poor diet. B. Lack of exercise. C. Too much entertainment. 19. How can teenagers fall asleep easier? A. Reading a book before sleeping. B. Listening to music before sleeping. C. Drinking hot chocolate before sleeping. 20. What does the speaker suggest schools do? A. Offer art classes. B. Shorten the school day. C. Start and end the school day later. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A 、B 、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Edinburgh is famous for its many museums where you can learn its rich history. Museum on the Mound Located in the heart of Edinburgh’s city center, this appealing museum takes a fresh look at money — and much, much more. You will see coins and banknotes from over the ages, including the first Scottish banknote printed in 1727. There are also interesting interactive displays and you can even try your hand at opening a safe! The Writers’ Museum It is housed in the beautiful Lady Stair’s House, a category A listed building. The collection celebrates the legacy of Scotland’s literary contributions, with special emphasis given to Sir Walter Scott, Robert Louis Stevenson and Robert Burns. The museum is home to numerous paintings, books and manuscripts (手稿), and you can also see Burns’ writing desk and Scott’s chess set. Our Dynamic Earth It celebrates the beauty of the earth via technology. Interactive exhibits allow visitors to experience earthquakes the ocean floor, ice ages and mountains by the use of computer software. Particularly interesting is the “tour” around the eleven Earthscapes. It is educational fun for the whole family and can serve as a good introduction to concepts surrounding the formation of the planet and the creatures we share the earth with. National Museum of Scotland The diverse collections here include the history of Scotland with exhibitions of international interest. The natural world, science and technology, discoveries, art, and world cultures are all explored. There are interactive elements and activities to suit children of all ages, including science experiments and musical instruments. 1. Which might be the most attractive to finance majors? A. Our Dynamic Earth. B. The Writers’ Museum. C. Museum on the Mound. D. National Museum of Scotland. 2. What can you do at Our Dynamic Earth? A. Play with your family. B. Tour the world virtually. C. Design computer software. D. Learn about ancient creatures. 3. What do The Writers’ Museum and National Museum of Scotland have in common? A. They have interactive exhibits. B. They showcase world cultures. C. They provide hands-on activities. D. They have an artistic atmosphere. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个爱丁堡的博物馆。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Museum on the Mound部分中“Located in the heart of Edinburgh’s city center, this appealing museum takes a fresh look at money — and much, much more. You will see coins and banknotes from over the ages, including the first Scottish banknote printed in 1727. There are also interesting interactive displays and you can even try your hand at opening a safe!(位于爱丁堡市中心的心脏地带，这个吸引人的博物馆以全新的眼光看待金钱——以及更多。你会看到历代的硬币和钞票，包括1727年印制的第一张苏格兰钞票。还有有趣的互动展示，你甚至可以尝试打开一个保险箱！)”可知，Museum on the Mound对金融专业的学生最有吸引力。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Our Dynamic Earth部分中“Interactive exhibits allow visitors to experience earthquakes, the ocean floor, ice ages and mountains by the use of computer software. Particularly interesting is the “tour” around the eleven Earthscapes.(互动式展览可以让游客通过电脑软件体验地震、海底、冰河时代和山脉。特别有趣的是围绕11个地球景观的“游览”)”可知，你能在Our Dynamic Earth进行虚拟世界之旅。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The museum is home to numerous paintings, books and manuscripts (手稿), and you can also see Burns’ writing desk and Scott’s chess set.(博物馆里有许多绘画、书籍和手稿，你还可以看到伯恩斯的写字台和斯科特的国际象棋)”以及最后一段“The natural world, science and technology, discoveries, art, and world cultures are all explored.(自然世界，科学技术，发现，艺术和世界文化都被探索)”可知，作家博物馆和苏格兰国家博物馆的共同之处是都有一种艺术氛围。故选D。 B We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parts less than 10 minutes’ walk from home where neighborhood children gather to play. However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen — any screen — and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Today’s children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet. In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend. A couple of years ago film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say “chocolate” into his three-year-old son’s ear without getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself “marketing director from Nature”. He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the World Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature. “Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference,” David Bond says. “There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be on habit for life.” His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now: “We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while.” Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let us get them out and let them play. 4. What is the problem with the author’s children? A. They often annoy their neighbours. B. They are tired of doing their homework. C. They have no friends to play with D. They stay in front of screens for too long. 5. How did David Bond advocate his idea? A. By making a documentary film. B. By organizing outdoor activities. C. By advertising in London media. D. By creating a network of friends. 6. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “charts” in paragraph 2? A. records B. predicts C. delays D. confirms 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Let Children Have Fun B. Young Children Need More Free Time C. Market Nature to Children D. David Bond: A Role Model for Children 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了电影制作人David Bond为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen — any screen — and stare at it for hours. (然而，我的孩子们放学后想做的是拿起一个屏幕——任何屏幕——盯着它看几个小时)”可知，作者的孩子一放学后就想拿起屏幕，他们在屏幕前呆的时间太长了，这是一个问题。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marked to young people. (他记录了他的旅程，他开始把大自然当作一个品牌，让年轻人看到)”可知，David Bond通过拍一个纪录片宣传他的想法。故选A项。 【6题详解】 词义猜测题。根据本句“a film which charts the birth of the World Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.（这部电影charts世界网络的诞生，世界网络这个组织的共同目标是让孩子们走进大自然。），由“a film”可知，本句主语是一部电影，下文“the birth of the World Network (世界网络的诞生)”解释了这部电影的主旨。由此推知，划线词charts意为“记录、描绘”，与“records”意思一致。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the World Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature. (他把自己的旅行记录下来，开始把自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。其结果是Project Wild Thing，一部记录了世界网络诞生的电影，世界网络是以让孩子们接触大自然为共同目标的团体)”可推知，本文主要讲述了电影制作人David Bond为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人，这是本文的中心内容。由此可知，C项“Market Nature to Children(把自然推销给年轻人)”适合作本文标题。故选C项。 C Most of the events we experience on a day-to-day basis are only remembered for a short period and then tend to disappear from our memory quite quickly. This makes sense. It’s not useful for our brains to remember everyday ordinary events, but what about traumatic (创伤的) or important events? And, if we do remember these events, do we remember them scene-by-scene as it really happened? Or do we adapt those moments and remember them inconsistently? Psychologists theorize that our brains tend to imprint details of sudden traumatic experiences as if we’re taking a photograph of those moments. During the event, emotions run so high that whenever we recollect these memories, the emotional recollections flash across our eyes on an event-to-event basis. This is why these memories are called “flashbulb memories”; they have photographic accuracy. However, this idea of flashbulb memories being accurate did not translate into evidence for the same. Inconsistent flashbulb memories are more likely to be repeated than corrected as memories are not often checked for sure. On the other hand, inaccuracies regarding the event itself were more likely to be corrected, as there was backed-up data to refer to. Thus, these inaccurate memories were not repeated often. Why does so much of our memory fall through the cracks? In 1975, researchers Elizabeth Loftus and John Palmer noticed that language can affect how we remember an event. They asked participants who had seen a movie of a car crash to describe the crash. Using the word “smashed” instead of “hit” led participants to perceive a more severe accident. Likewise, using “collided” also resulted in reported differences in accident severity. Additionally, false memories occur when people classify a certain mental experience as a real experience. A classic experiment, “Lost in the Mall” provides more evidence of false memories. 8. Why are the questions raised in paragraph 1? A. To stress memory varies from time to time. B. To highlight how brain works on memorizing. C. To prove memories stick longer than expected. D. To show man chooses to memorize certain things. 9. What can be learned about “flashbulb memories”? A. They have proved inaccurate. B. They are loosely related to emotions. C. They tend to be enhanced by repeating. D. They are likely to be broken into pieces. 10. What may affect our memory according to paragraph 4? A. Choice of words. B. Severity of an event. C. Purposes to achieve. D. Participants involved. 11. What will the text focus on next? A. The evidence of the event. B. More tests of memory spans. C. The process of the experiment. D. More cases of mental experiences. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了我们的大脑倾向于把突然的创伤经历的细节印下来，就好像我们在拍那些时刻的照片一样。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It’s not useful for our brains to remember everyday ordinary events, but what about traumatic (创伤的) or important events? And, if we do remember these events, do we remember them scene-by-scene as it really happened? Or do we adapt those moments and remember them inconsistently?(对于我们的大脑来说，记住日常的普通事件是没有用的，但对于创伤性或重要的事件呢?而且，如果我们确实记得这些事件，我们是否记得它们真实发生的场景?还是我们适应了这些时刻，不一致地记住了它们?)”和文章第二段“Psychologists theorize that our brains tend to imprint details of sudden traumatic experiences as if we’re taking a photograph of those moments.(心理学家的理论是，我们的大脑倾向于把突然的创伤经历的细节印下来，就好像我们在拍那些时刻的照片一样。)”可推知，第一段提出的问题是为了表明人会选择记忆某些东西。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Inconsistent flashbulb memories are more likely to be repeated than corrected, as memories are not often checked for sure.(不一致的闪光灯记忆更有可能被重复，而不是被纠正，因为记忆通常不会被核实。)”可知，闪光灯记忆往往通过重复而增强。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Why does so much of our memory fall through the cracks? In 1975, researchers Elizabeth Loftus and John Palmer noticed that language can affect how we remember an event. (为什么我们有那么多的记忆被遗忘了呢？1975年，研究人员伊丽莎白·洛夫特斯和约翰·帕尔默注意到语言可以影响我们记忆事件的方式。)”可知，语言的选择可能会影响我们的记忆。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Additionally, false memories occur when people classify a certain mental experience as a real experience. A classic experiment, “Lost in the Mall” provides more evidence of false memories.(此外，当人们将某种心理体验归类为真实体验时，就会出现错误记忆。一个经典的实验，“迷失在林荫道”提供了更多错误记忆的证据。)”可推知，文章接下来可能会专注于介绍这个实验的过程。故选C。 D If you find yourself embracing the thrilling chaos of completing tasks at the last minute, congratulations — You are not alone! According to a survey, 20% of U.S. adults procrastinate (拖延) at home, at work, in relationships, and more. Another survey found that 88% of people procrastinate at least one hour a day. Sounds alarming? As it turns out, if you’re feeling stressed, you may be more likely to procrastinate. Essentially, our brains are structured to approach tasks we find enjoyable and avoid those we are afraid of. Our limbic brain (边缘大脑), the emotional part of our brain, is screaming, “Let’s do anything but that stressful thing!” while our prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮层) is the CEO of our brain, setting the goals, making a plan, and ensuring we stay on track. CEO vs. Drama Queen Brain — who will win? Actually, there do exist chances when our limbic brain overrides that prefrontal cortex message. Then there’s the burst of energy we often get when we’re up against a deadline, which leads to a reward pathway within our brains and sets the foundation for procrastination as a habit. When you race to the end and get to the goal finally, your previous stress is gone and you almost get in that pattern of “See, I work better under pressure!” So, how to beat procrastination? Well, you need to retrain your brain to cope with the stress. One trick is to take periodic breaks (reward) to refocus your attention on the task. Ever heard of the Promodoro Technique? It’s about working for 25 minutes and resting for 5. During those breaks, forget about brain-burning activities — try relaxing techniques such as meditation or yoga instead. Another trick is to “eat the frog” first thing in the morning, or tackle the most difficult and stressful task of the day, as was once said by Mark Twain. 12. Why are the two surveys mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To warn the readers. B. To introduce a concept. C. To present a phenomenon. D. To make a comparison. 13. Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with? A. We are born to prefer what we like and avoid what we fear. B. The limbic brain is under the control of the prefrontal cortex. C. We are more likely to burst when getting close to the deadline. D. Failing to complete a task can lead to habitual procrastination. 14. What does the author suggest readers do to stop procrastination? A. Force the brain to focus. B. Take a break regularly. C. Solve a tricky math problem. D. Eat something refreshing first. 15. What is the tone of this text? A. Humorous. B. Ironic. C. Serious. D. Unclear. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。主要解释了拖延症的心理学机制和克服拖延症的方法。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“If you find yourself embracing the thrilling chaos of completing tasks at the last minute, congratulations—You are not alone! According to a survey, 20% of U.S. adults procrastinate (拖延) at home, at work, in relationships, and more. Another survey found that 88% of people procrastinate at least one hour a day.(如果你发现自己在最后一分钟才完成任务，那么恭喜你——你并不孤单!根据一项调查，20%的美国成年人在家里、工作中、人际关系中等等都有拖延症。另一项调查发现，88%的人每天至少拖延一个小时)”可知，本段提到这两个调查是为了呈现一种拖延现象。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Essentially, our brains are structured to approach tasks we find enjoyable and avoid those we are afraid of.(从本质上讲，我们的大脑结构倾向于处理我们觉得有趣的任务，避开我们害怕的任务)”可知，作者会同意我们生来就喜欢我们喜欢的东西，避免我们害怕的东西。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“So, how to beat procrastination? Well, you need to retrain your brain to cope with the stress. One trick is to take periodic breaks (reward) to refocus your attention on the task.(那么，如何战胜拖延症呢?你需要重新训练你的大脑来应对压力。其中一个诀窍是定期休息(奖励)，让你的注意力重新集中到任务上)”可知，作者建议读者定期休息来停止拖延症。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“CEO vs. Drama Queen Brain — who will win? Actually, there do exist chances when our limbic brain overrides that prefrontal cortex message.(首席执行官vs戏剧女王大脑——谁会赢?事实上，当我们的边缘大脑覆盖前额叶皮层的信息时，确实存在这种可能性)”，倒数第二段“When you race to the end and get to the goal finally, your previous stress is gone and you almost get in that pattern of “See, I work better under pressure!”(当你冲向终点并最终达到目标时，你之前的压力消失了，你几乎进入了“看，我在压力下工作得更好!”的模式)”以及最后一段“Another trick is to “eat the frog” first thing in the morning, or tackle the most difficult and stressful task of the day, as was once said by Mark Twain.(另一个诀窍是“吃掉青蛙”，正如马克·吐温曾经说过的那样，早上要做的第一件事，或者处理一天中最困难和最有压力的任务)”可知，作者用比喻的手法，幽默的语言来说明拖延症，所以本文的基调是幽默的。故选A项。 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Stay Motivated When the Going Gets Tough There will undoubtedly be times when the going gets tough in your life and you find yourself struggling with motivation. When this happens, you’d better have a few tricks up your sleeve to help you stay motivated and move forward. There are a variety of reasons for feeling unmotivated. ____16____ It’s of great significance to take some time to understand why. The best way is to look back at where you began to lose motivation. Once you know the cause of your problem, finding a solution will become easier. Going back to your goals can also help. A simple reminder of your objectives can get you back on track. ____17____ Seeing your goals in this form makes them feel more real and achievable. ____18____ A specific plan can keep you focused and allow you to track your progress, while sticking to it helps you develop discipline. These are of great importance when it comes to making progress toward your goals. Another trick is to take a moment and acknowledge how far you’ve come. There are different ways to acknowledge your efforts, like treating yourself to a meal or taking a break for reflection. You may find that even the smallest events can be the biggest moments. ____19____ The most important thing might be to surround yourself with like-minded individuals who can offer support and encouragement. ____20____ If you’re feeling lost, just reach out to your support system for guidance and insight. A. They can help you handle all those problems. B. It’s important that you appreciate your efforts. C. Writing them down will always be a great choice. D. Moreover, it’s better to set a goal when creating your plan. E. Being around understanding people can make the journey less discouraging. F. Besides, you should make and follow through with a plan to stay motivated. G. It could be due to a lack of interest in the task at hand, or it could be the result of stress. 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. F 19. B 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了当事情变得艰难时，如何保持动力。 【16题详解】 由上文“There are a variety of reasons for feeling unmotivated. (感到没有动力原因有很多。)”可知，本空要说跟“没有动力的原因”有关的话题，故G选项“It could be due to a lack of interest in the task at hand, or it could be the result of stress. (这可能是由于对手头的任务缺乏兴趣，也可能是压力的结果。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 【17题详解】 由上文“Going back to your goals can also help. A simple reminder of your objectives can get you back on track. (回到你的目标也会有所帮助。一个简单的目标提醒可以让你回到正轨。)”可知，本空要说跟“回到目标”有关的话题，由后文“Seeing your goals in this form makes them feel more real and achievable. (以这种形式看到你的目标会让你感觉更真实、更容易实现。)”可知，本空要说跟“回到目标的方式”有关的话题，故C选项“Writing them down will always be a great choice. (把它们写下来永远是一个很好的选择。)”能承上启下，符合题意。C项中的“them”与空前的“your goals”相对应。故选C。 【18题详解】 由下文“A specific plan can keep you focused and allow you to track your progress, while sticking to it helps you develop discipline. These are of great importance when it comes to making progress toward your goals. (一个具体的计划可以让你保持专注，让你跟踪你的进步，同时坚持它可以帮助你培养纪律。当你朝着你的目标前进时，这些都是非常重要的。)”可知，本空要说跟“具体的计划”有关的话题，故F选项“Besides, you should make and follow through with a plan to stay motivated. (此外，你应该制定并执行一个保持积极性的计划。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选F。 【19题详解】 由上文“Another trick is to take a moment and acknowledge how far you’ve come. There are different ways to acknowledge your efforts, like treating yourself to a meal or taking a break for reflection. You may find that even the smallest events can be the biggest moments. (另一个技巧是花点时间承认你已经走了多远。有不同的方式来承认你的努力，比如请自己吃顿饭或休息一下反思。你可能会发现，即使是最小的事件也可能是最重要的时刻。)”可知，本空要说跟“承认你的努力”有关的话题，故B选项“It’s important that you appreciate your efforts. (感谢你的努力是很重要的)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 【20题详解】 由上文“The most important thing might be to surround yourself with like-minded individuals who can offer support and encouragement. (最重要的事情可能是与志同道合的人在一起，他们可以提供支持和鼓励。)”可知，本空要说跟“与志同道合的人在一起的好处”有关的话题，故E选项“Being around understanding people can make the journey less discouraging. (被理解的人包围可以让旅程不那么令人沮丧。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B 、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 There was an oak tree in my yard, close to where neighbors parked their cars. One day I saw a big bird surrounding a baby squirrel(松鼠), as if____21____it. So I picked up a rock, and being____22____to aim, I threw the rock at the bird...but the stone bounced off a____23____breaking the windshield(挡风玻璃)of a new white Prius car. My blood ran cold. In____24____yet calmly, I put my personal information under the windshield, went back inside and watched to____25____which neighbor’s car window I destroyed. Later a young man came to the Prius and I ran out to____26____the accident and promised to____27____. He was a mild and gentle man. He called his relatives—my neighbors, who were also very ____28____. After some____29____, I knew that they planned to attend a wedding party...and now they had no car! I quietly cried_____30_____but that made this family even kinder-they_____31_____me and decided to take a taxi. The very next day I received a_____32_____from an agent of the man’s insurance office. In a(n)_____33_____voice of further kindness, she accepted my explanation of how this accidental damage occurred and agreed to_____34_____all. I was impressed by the example set by everyone concerned and what_____35_____looked like. 21. A. parenting B. hunting C. defending D. coaching 22. A. certain B. free C. likely D. willing 23. A. car B. relative C. branch D. neighbor 24. A. delight B. anxiety C. despair D. curiosity 25. A. imagine B. judge C. record D. see 26. A. explain B. prevent C. witness D. investigate 27. A. take responsibility B. make changes C. turn over D. back up 28. A. confused B. kind C. active D. scared 29. A. conflicts B. examination C. exchanges D. reflection 30. A. in relief B. with fear C. in regret D. with anger 31. A. surprised B. inspired C. guided D. comforted 32. A. ticket B. letter C. receipt D. call 33. A. mixed B. thrilled C. displeased D. unexpected 34. A. sponsor B. cover C. admit D. release 35. A. justice B. optimism C. forgiveness D. sympathy 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者不小心打破了某个邻居的车窗，结果车主和车主的亲戚都对作者很友好，连保险代理人也十分友好地接受了作者对意外损坏原因的解释，并同意全部赔偿。每个相关的人树立的榜样以及宽恕的样子给作者留下了深刻的印象。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我看到一只大鸟围着一只小松鼠，好像在追捕它。 A. parenting养育；B. hunting打猎；C. defending防御；D. coaching指导。根据上文“One day I saw a big bird surrounding a baby squirrel(松鼠),”以及下文“I threw the rock at the bird” 可知，大鸟围着松鼠像是在捕猎，所以作者朝鸟扔了石子。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：于是我捡起一块石头，确定了目标，就朝那只鸟扔去……但石头从树枝上弹开，打破了一辆新的白色普锐斯汽车的挡风玻璃。 A. certain确定的；B. free 自由的；C. likely可能的；D. willing 愿意的。根据下文“to aim, I threw the rock at the bird”可知，指作者捡起一块石头，确定了目标，就朝那只鸟扔去。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是我捡起一块石头，确定了目标，就朝那只鸟扔去……但石头从树枝上弹开，打破了一辆新的白色普锐斯汽车的挡风玻璃。A. car汽车；B. relative亲戚；C. branch 树枝；D. neighbor 邻居。根据上文“There was an oak tree in my yard,”可知，这里指石头从树枝上弹开了，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我焦虑而平静地把我的个人信息放在挡风玻璃下，回到车里，看我破坏了哪位邻居的车窗。 A. delight 高兴；B. anxiety焦虑；C. despair绝望；D. curiosity 好奇。下文“yet calmly,”中 yet表示转折，结合常识，打破了别人的玻璃，作者是焦虑担忧的。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我焦虑而平静地把我的个人信息放在挡风玻璃下，回到车里，看我破坏了哪位邻居的车窗。A. imagine 想象；B. judge 判断；C. record 记录；D. see看见。根据下文“which neighbor’s car window I destroyed.”可知，作者想看清自己打破了哪个邻居的车窗。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来一个年轻人来开普锐斯，我跑出去解释事故，并承诺承担责任。 A. explain解释；B. prevent 阻止；C. witness目击；D. investigate 调查。根据下文“the accident”可知，作者向年轻人解释打破车窗的原因。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来一个年轻人来开普锐斯，我跑出去解释事故，并承诺承担责任。A. take responsibility负责；B. make changes 做出改变；C. turn over移交；反复考虑； D. back up支持。根据上文“and I ran out to____6____the accident and promised to”可知，作者解释缘由，愿意承担责任。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他打电话给他的亲戚，也就是我的邻居，他们也都很善良。 A. confused 困惑的；B. kind善良 的；C. active活跃的；D. scared害怕的。根据上文“He was a mild and gentle man. He called his relatives—my neighbors, who were also very”中 also 可知，邻居和年轻人一样，都很善良。后文“but that made this family even kinder”也是提示。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过一番交流，我知道他们打算参加婚礼……现在他们没有车可用了了! A. conflicts 冲突； B. examination 检查；C. exchanges交谈；D. reflection反射。根据下文“I knew that they planned to attend a wedding party”可知，这里指经过交流，得知他们打算参加婚礼。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我后悔地默默地哭了起来，但这让这家人更加善良了——他们安慰了我，并决定坐出租车去。 A. in relief 松了口气；B. with fear害怕地；C. in regret后悔；D. with anger生气地。根据上文“I quietly cried”可知，作者很后悔破坏了别人的计划。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我后悔地默默地哭了起来，但这让这家人更加善良了——他们安慰了我，并决定坐出租车去。A. surprised惊讶；B. inspired 鼓舞；C. guided 带领；D. comforted 安慰。根据上文“but that made this family even kinder”可知，这家人更加善良了——他们安慰了作者，故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在第二天，我接到了那个人的保险公司代理人的电话。 A. ticket票；B. letter信；C. receipt 收据；D. call电话。根据下文“from an agent of the man’s insurance office. In a(n)____13____voice of further kindness,”可知，是办公室打来的电话。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料地，她更加友好地接受了我对意外损坏原因的解释，并同意全部赔偿。 A. mixed混 合的；B. thrilled 激动的；C. displeased生气的；D. unexpected 意外的。根据下文“voice of further kindness, she accepted my explanation”可知，代理人出乎意料地友好。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料地，她更加友好地接受了我对意外损坏原因的解释，并同意全部赔偿。 A. sponsor赞助；B. cover足够支付；C. admit 承认；D. release 释放。下文all指赔偿的费用，应用动词 cover表示“足够支付”。故选 B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个相关的人树立的榜样以及宽恕的样子给我留下了深刻的印象。 A. justice公平；B. optimism 乐观；C. forgiveness 原谅；D. sympathy同情。结合上文可知，作者犯了错，打破了别人的车窗，但是取得了年轻人和亲戚的谅解，连代理人也对作者很友好，即体现了宽恕他人。故选C。 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A museum showcasing the culture of the Grand Canal is expected to open in Beijing next week. Some 6,000 items or sets of exhibits ____36____ (close) related to Beijing and the ancient canal are to be displayed. “The Grand Canal Museum of Beijing, also called the Capital Museum East Branch, ____37____ (locate) in the Beijing Municipal Administrative Center and has ____38____ total floor area of 99,700 square meters,” said Feng Hao, who is ___39___ charge of museum collections at the Capital Museum. With a daily capacity of 6,000 visitors, the new museum is designed ____40____ (combine) boats, sailing and water elements, showcasing the culture of the Grand Canal. The exhibition area consists of basic, ____41____ (theme), open, and temporary exhibition ____42____ (section). “Visitors can enjoy an interactive experience ____43____ (reflect) the themes of Beijing and the Grand Canal in the open exhibition section through ____44____ (digit) technology,” Feng said. With a history of more than 2,500 years, the Grand Canal connects Beijing and Hangzhou in East China’s Zhejiang Province, ____45____ served as a significant transportation route in ancient China. 【答案】36. closely 37. is located 38. a 39. in 40. to combine 41. themed 42. sections 43. reflecting 44 digital 45. which 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一个展示大运河文化的博物馆预计将于下周在北京开放。将展出约6000件与北京和古运河密切相关的展品。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：将展出约6000件与北京和古运河密切相关的展品。空处需要副词修后面的动词。故填closely。 【37题详解】 考查固定搭配以及时态。句意：“北京大运河博物馆，也被称为首都博物馆东分馆，位于北京市行政中心，总建筑面积为99700平方米，”首都博物馆负责博物馆藏品的冯浩说。be located in“坐落于……”。本句话描述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为单数。故填is located。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“北京大运河博物馆，也被称为首都博物馆东分馆，位于北京市行政中心，总建筑面积为99700平方米，”首都博物馆负责博物馆藏品的冯浩说。a total of“总计，总数为……”。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：“北京大运河博物馆，也被称为首都博物馆东分馆，位于北京市行政中心，总建筑面积为99700平方米，”首都博物馆负责博物馆藏品的冯浩说。in charge of“负责”。故填in。 【40题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：新博物馆每天可接待6000名游客，其设计结合了船只、帆船和水元素，展示了大运河的文化。be designed to do sth.“被设计来做某事”。故填to combine。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：展区分为基本展区、主题展区、开放展区和临时展区。空处需要形容词和“basic, open, temporary”作并列的定语修饰后面的名词。themed为形容词“特定主题的”。故填themed。 【42题详解】 考查可数名词的复数。句意：展区分为基本展区、主题展区、开放展区和临时展区。section“部分”为可数名词，根据上文内容可知有多个展区，名词应用复数形式。故填sections。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“游客可以通过数字技术在开放展区享受反映北京和大运河主题的互动体验，”冯说。分析句子结构可知，空处需要非谓语动词作定语。该动词和被修饰的名词an interactive experience之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填reflecting。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：“游客可以通过数字技术在开放展区享受反映北京和大运河主题的互动体验，”冯说。空处需要形容词修饰后面的名词作定语。故填digital。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：大运河连接中国东部浙江省的北京和杭州，有着2500多年的历史，是中国古代重要的交通路线。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the Grand Canal。先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 第四部分 书面表达(共两节，满分40分) 第一节（满分15分） 46. 昨天你参观了学校举办的学生国画作品展。请给校英文报写一篇宣传稿，内容包括： 1. 展览时间、地点; 2. 观展感受; 3. 推荐观展。 注意：1. 词数80左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【答案】 In order to enrich students’ after-school life, an exhibition of students’ traditional Chinese paintings is being held by our school, which sparks a growing love for traditional art. The exhibition is held on the first floor of the school library. Most of the students think highly of this exhibition，which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art. Through the exhibition, not only can you admire wonderful pictures, but also you will be able to understand the art of traditional Chinese paintings better. The exhibition will last for two weeks, and every student is welcome to visit. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇关于学校举办的学生国画作品展的宣传稿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高度赞扬：think highly of→sing high praise for 激发：spark→stimulate 欣赏：admire→appreciate 探索：explore→detect 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The exhibition will last for two weeks, and every student is welcome to visit. 拓展句：The exhibition will last for two weeks, during which every student is welcome to visit. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Most of the students think highly of this exhibition，which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】 Through the exhibition, not only can you admire wonderful pictures, but also will you be able to understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better. (运用了部分倒装) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 She was the prettiest puppy we had ever seen, and the whole family immediately fell in love with her. We named her Onyx because of her black, shiny black coat. She spent her first vacation with us when she was only ten weeks old and had her first bath and swim in the St. Lawrence River. We had no clue that this amazing little ball of fur would end up being our hero. As she grew older, Onyx became more and more involved in our family activities. On hot summer days, Onyx enjoyed floating on the river with us in her own rubber tube (橡皮圈). Amazingly standing on the top of the tube, she smiled while showing off her perfect balance. Resting her front legs and paws over the edge of the rubber tube, she kept her eyes shut as she floated until she’d had enough of the warm sun on her black coat. One day, our eighteen-year-old daughter, Margie, announced she was going to swim across the bay. No one in the family was free to go swimming with her. The unwritten rules, regardless of swimming ability, was to have a companion in the water with you, especially when swimming the width of the bay. I was not a good swimmer, so I said to Margie, “Take Onyx with you.” Having heard her name, Onyx woke up from a nap and was ready for action. Margie signed the dog to follow her. Onyx ran to the water next to her. They entered the freezing river together and swam side by side across the bay. I watched from the bank as they reached the sandbar (沙洲) on the far shore. They rested a few minutes before diving into the water for the return trip. I felt uneasy for some reason and continued to watch the pair swim side by side. Suddenly I heard Margie calling out, “I have a cram (痉挛) in the leg! ” _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Seeing the pair approaching the riverbank, I breathed a sigh of relief. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Suddenly I heard Margie calling out, “I have a cram ( 痉李 ) in the leg! ” Seized with panic, Margie rubbed her leg hard to relax the muscle but in vain. Seeing her struggling in the water, Onyx immediately swam to the side of Margie and then put her head beneath the girl’s right arm. I yelled for help for fear that they might freeze in the chilly river. But much to my joy, with Margie tightly grabbing Onyx’s collar, our little furry friend began digging deep, slicing through the water with her paws and swimming fast towards the bank with every ounce of strength. Seeing the pair approaching the riverbank, I breathed a sigh of relief. When they finally got to the shore, I reached out to help Margie, pulling her up onto the riverbank and wrapping her in a large towel. Exhausted but excited, Onyx eagerly ran to Margie and gently licked her face to make sure she was Okay, Everyone in the family was grateful for their safe return and Onyx was given an extra treat later in the afternoon for her quick and brave reaction. She became our hero that day and she never ceased to amaze us in the days that followed. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者养了一条狗，给它取名为Onyx，随着Onyx长大，它成为了家庭的一员，一天作者的女儿Margie打算游过海湾，但是没人陪她一起，于是作者让Onyx陪着女儿，当女儿从海湾对面游回来时，突然她脚抽筋了，幸好Onyx救了她，让作者对Onyx非常感激。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“突然，我听到Margie叫道：“我腿抽筋了！””可知，第一段可描写Margie遇险，Onyx救助Margie的场景。 ②由第二段首句内容“看到他们俩走近河岸，我松了一口气。”可知，第二段可描写Onyx成功救下Margie，作者对它的感激之情。 2. 续写线索：Onyx成家庭一员——女儿打算游过海湾——Onyx陪她一起——腿抽筋遇险——Onyx及时救援——成功回到岸边——感激 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①看到：see/spot/notice ②大喊：yell/shout/bawl ③确保：make sure/ensure/guarantee 情绪类 ①兴奋的：excited/thrilled/enthusiastic ②感激的：grateful/appreciative/thankful 【点睛】[高分句型1]I yelled for help for fear that they might freeze in the chilly river.(运用了that引导的同位语从句) [高分句型2]When they finally got to the shore, I reached out to help Margie, pulling her up onto the riverbank and wrapping her in a large towel.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 1-5 CACBA 6-10 CBABB 11-15 ABACA 16-20 CBACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 合肥一中肥东分校2023-2024年度高二年级下学期英语阶段性测试 (时间： 120 分钟 满分：150 分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a park. C. In the street. 2. How will the speakers get to the park? A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By subway. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Employer and employee. C. Father and daughter 4. How much does the woman pay for the gym per month? A. $20. B. $30. C. $50. 5. What can we learn about the old oven? A. It's broken. B. It's not in style. C. It isn't multi-functional. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their graduation party. B. Their favorite classes. C. Their future plans. 7. What does the woman want to be? A. A scientist. B. A doctor. C. A computer programmer. 听第7段材料，回答8、9题。 8. What type of tea does the woman prefer? A. Brown tea. B. Green tea. C. Flower tea. 9. How will the man make the payment? A. In cash. B. By cellphone. C. By credit card. 听第8段材料，回答10至12题。 10. When did the man go in the locker room? A. A few minutes ago. B. A quarter ago. C. Half an hour ago. 11. What does the man complain about the lockers? A. They're being occupied inappropriately. B. They're too dirty and need cleaning. C. They're not very safe for storage. 12. What's wrong with the clothes hangers? A. Too ugly. B. Too weak. C. Too big. 听第9段材料，回答13至16题。 13. Why did the woman fail to go climbing? A. She was worn out. B. She lost touch with others. C. She loved the scene at the bottom. 14 What was the woman doing when she saw a dolphin? A. Relaxing on the beach. B. Sailing in a boat. C. Diving. 15. What made the woman give up doing bungee jumping? A. Her fear. B. Her health. C. Equipment problems. 16. What did the woman like best about her vacation? A. Exploring the rainforest. B. Visiting the old caves. C. Playing with the dolphin. 听第10段材料，回答17至20题。 17. What can be affected certainly if teenagers lack sleep? A. Their spirits. B. Their long-term health. C. Their academic performance. 18. What is to blame for teenagers lacking sleep? A. Poor diet. B. Lack of exercise. C. Too much entertainment. 19 How can teenagers fall asleep easier? A. Reading a book before sleeping. B. Listening to music before sleeping. C. Drinking hot chocolate before sleeping. 20. What does the speaker suggest schools do? A. Offer art classes. B. Shorten the school day. C. Start and end the school day later. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A 、B 、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Edinburgh is famous for its many museums where you can learn its rich history. Museum on the Mound Located in the heart of Edinburgh’s city center, this appealing museum takes a fresh look at money — and much, much more. You will see coins and banknotes from over the ages, including the first Scottish banknote printed in 1727. There are also interesting interactive displays and you can even try your hand at opening a safe! The Writers’ Museum It is housed in the beautiful Lady Stair’s House, a category A listed building. The collection celebrates the legacy of Scotland’s literary contributions, with special emphasis given to Sir Walter Scott, Robert Louis Stevenson and Robert Burns. The museum is home to numerous paintings, books and manuscripts (手稿), and you can also see Burns’ writing desk and Scott’s chess set. Our Dynamic Earth It celebrates the beauty of the earth via technology. Interactive exhibits allow visitors to experience earthquakes, the ocean floor, ice ages and mountains by the use of computer software. Particularly interesting is the “tour” around the eleven Earthscapes. It is educational fun for the whole family and can serve as a good introduction to concepts surrounding the formation of the planet and the creatures we share the earth with. National Museum of Scotland The diverse collections here include the history of Scotland with exhibitions of international interest. The natural world, science and technology, discoveries, art, and world cultures are all explored. There are interactive elements and activities to suit children of all ages, including science experiments and musical instruments. 1. Which might be the most attractive to finance majors? A. Our Dynamic Earth. B. The Writers’ Museum. C. Museum on the Mound. D. National Museum of Scotland. 2. What can you do at Our Dynamic Earth? A. Play with your family. B. Tour the world virtually. C. Design computer software. D. Learn about ancient creatures. 3. What do The Writers’ Museum and National Museum of Scotland have in common? A. They have interactive exhibits. B. They showcase world cultures. C. They provide hands-on activities. D. They have an artistic atmosphere. B We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parts less than 10 minutes’ walk from home where neighborhood children gather to play. However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen — any screen — and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Today’s children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet. In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend. A couple of years ago film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say “chocolate” into his three-year-old son’s ear without getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself “marketing director from Nature”. He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the World Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature. “Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference,” David Bond says. “There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be on habit for life.” His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now: “We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while.” Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let us get them out and let them play. 4. What is the problem with the author’s children? A. They often annoy their neighbours. B. They are tired of doing their homework. C. They have no friends to play with D. They stay in front of screens for too long. 5. How did David Bond advocate his idea? A. By making a documentary film. B. By organizing outdoor activities. C. By advertising in London media. D. By creating a network of friends. 6. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “charts” in paragraph 2? A. records B. predicts C. delays D. confirms 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Let Children Have Fun B. Young Children Need More Free Time C. Market Nature to Children D. David Bond: A Role Model for Children C Most of the events we experience on a day-to-day basis are only remembered for a short period and then tend to disappear from our memory quite quickly. This makes sense. It’s not useful for our brains to remember everyday ordinary events, but what about traumatic (创伤的) or important events? And, if we do remember these events, do we remember them scene-by-scene as it really happened? Or do we adapt those moments and remember them inconsistently? Psychologists theorize that our brains tend to imprint details of sudden traumatic experiences as if we’re taking a photograph of those moments. During the event, emotions run so high that whenever we recollect these memories, the emotional recollections flash across our eyes on an event-to-event basis. This is why these memories are called “flashbulb memories”; they have photographic accuracy. However, this idea of flashbulb memories being accurate did not translate into evidence for the same. Inconsistent flashbulb memories are more likely to be repeated than corrected, as memories are not often checked for sure. On the other hand, inaccuracies regarding the event itself were more likely to be corrected, as there was backed-up data to refer to. Thus, these inaccurate memories were not repeated often. Why does so much of our memory fall through the cracks? In 1975, researchers Elizabeth Loftus and John Palmer noticed that language can affect how we remember an event. They asked participants who had seen a movie of a car crash to describe the crash. Using the word “smashed” instead of “hit” led participants to perceive a more severe accident. Likewise, using “collided” also resulted in reported differences in accident severity. Additionally, false memories occur when people classify a certain mental experience as a real experience. A classic experiment, “Lost in the Mall” provides more evidence of false memories. 8. Why are the questions raised in paragraph 1? A. To stress memory varies from time to time. B. To highlight how brain works on memorizing. C. To prove memories stick longer than expected. D. To show man chooses to memorize certain things. 9. What can be learned about “flashbulb memories”? A. They have proved inaccurate. B They are loosely related to emotions. C They tend to be enhanced by repeating. D. They are likely to be broken into pieces. 10 What may affect our memory according to paragraph 4? A. Choice of words. B. Severity of an event. C. Purposes to achieve. D. Participants involved. 11. What will the text focus on next? A. The evidence of the event. B. More tests of memory spans. C. The process of the experiment. D. More cases of mental experiences. D If you find yourself embracing the thrilling chaos of completing tasks at the last minute, congratulations — You are not alone! According to a survey, 20% of U.S. adults procrastinate (拖延) at home, at work, in relationships, and more. Another survey found that 88% of people procrastinate at least one hour a day. Sounds alarming? As it turns out, if you’re feeling stressed, you may be more likely to procrastinate. Essentially, our brains are structured to approach tasks we find enjoyable and avoid those we are afraid of. Our limbic brain (边缘大脑), the emotional part of our brain, is screaming, “Let’s do anything but that stressful thing!” while our prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮层) is the CEO of our brain, setting the goals, making a plan, and ensuring we stay on track. CEO vs. Drama Queen Brain — who will win? Actually, there do exist chances when our limbic brain overrides that prefrontal cortex message. Then there’s the burst of energy we often get when we’re up against a deadline, which leads to a reward pathway within our brains and sets the foundation for procrastination as a habit. When you race to the end and get to the goal finally, your previous stress is gone and you almost get in that pattern of “See, I work better under pressure!” So, how to beat procrastination? Well, you need to retrain your brain to cope with the stress. One trick is to take periodic breaks (reward) to refocus your attention on the task. Ever heard of the Promodoro Technique? It’s about working for 25 minutes and resting for 5. During those breaks, forget about brain-burning activities — try relaxing techniques such as meditation or yoga instead. Another trick is to “eat the frog” first thing in the morning, or tackle the most difficult and stressful task of the day, as was once said by Mark Twain. 12. Why are the two surveys mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To warn the readers. B. To introduce a concept. C. To present a phenomenon. D. To make a comparison. 13. Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with? A. We are born to prefer what we like and avoid what we fear. B. The limbic brain is under the control of the prefrontal cortex. C. We are more likely to burst when getting close to the deadline. D. Failing to complete a task can lead to habitual procrastination. 14. What does the author suggest readers do to stop procrastination? A. Force the brain to focus. B. Take a break regularly. C. Solve a tricky math problem. D. Eat something refreshing first. 15. What is the tone of this text? A. Humorous. B. Ironic. C. Serious. D. Unclear. 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Stay Motivated When the Going Gets Tough There will undoubtedly be times when the going gets tough in your life and you find yourself struggling with motivation. When this happens, you’d better have a few tricks up your sleeve to help you stay motivated and move forward. There are a variety of reasons for feeling unmotivated. ____16____ It’s of great significance to take some time to understand why. The best way is to look back at where you began to lose motivation. Once you know the cause of your problem, finding a solution will become easier. Going back to your goals can also help. A simple reminder of your objectives can get you back on track. ____17____ Seeing your goals in this form makes them feel more real and achievable. ____18____ A specific plan can keep you focused and allow you to track your progress, while sticking to it helps you develop discipline. These are of great importance when it comes to making progress toward your goals. Another trick is to take a moment and acknowledge how far you’ve come. There are different ways to acknowledge your efforts, like treating yourself to a meal or taking a break for reflection. You may find that even the smallest events can be the biggest moments. ____19____ The most important thing might be to surround yourself with like-minded individuals who can offer support and encouragement. ____20____ If you’re feeling lost, just reach out to your support system for guidance and insight. A. They can help you handle all those problems. B. It’s important that you appreciate your efforts. C. Writing them down will always be a great choice. D. Moreover, it’s better to set a goal when creating your plan. E. Being around understanding people can make the journey less discouraging. F. Besides, you should make and follow through with a plan to stay motivated. G. It could be due to a lack of interest in the task at hand, or it could be the result of stress. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B 、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 There was an oak tree in my yard close to where neighbors parked their cars. One day I saw a big bird surrounding a baby squirrel(松鼠), as if____21____it. So I picked up a rock, and being____22____to aim, I threw the rock at the bird...but the stone bounced off a____23____breaking the windshield(挡风玻璃)of a new white Prius car. My blood ran cold. In____24____yet calmly, I put my personal information under the windshield, went back inside and watched to____25____which neighbor’s car window I destroyed. Later a young man came to the Prius and I ran out to____26____the accident and promised to____27____. He was a mild and gentle man. He called his relatives—my neighbors, who were also very ____28____. After some____29____, I knew that they planned to attend a wedding party...and now they had no car! I quietly cried_____30_____but that made this family even kinder-they_____31_____me and decided to take a taxi. The very next day I received a_____32_____from an agent of the man’s insurance office. In a(n)_____33_____voice of further kindness, she accepted my explanation of how this accidental damage occurred and agreed to_____34_____all. I was impressed by the example set by everyone concerned and what_____35_____looked like. 21. A. parenting B. hunting C. defending D. coaching 22. A. certain B. free C. likely D. willing 23. A. car B. relative C. branch D. neighbor 24. A. delight B. anxiety C. despair D. curiosity 25. A. imagine B. judge C. record D. see 26. A. explain B. prevent C. witness D. investigate 27. A. take responsibility B. make changes C. turn over D. back up 28. A. confused B. kind C. active D. scared 29. A. conflicts B. examination C. exchanges D. reflection 30. A. in relief B. with fear C. in regret D. with anger 31. A. surprised B. inspired C. guided D. comforted 32. A. ticket B. letter C. receipt D. call 33. A. mixed B. thrilled C. displeased D. unexpected 34. A. sponsor B. cover C. admit D. release 35. A. justice B. optimism C. forgiveness D. sympathy 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A museum showcasing the culture of the Grand Canal is expected to open in Beijing next week. Some 6,000 items or sets of exhibits ____36____ (close) related to Beijing and the ancient canal are to be displayed. “The Grand Canal Museum of Beijing, also called the Capital Museum East Branch, ____37____ (locate) in the Beijing Municipal Administrative Center and has ____38____ total floor area of 99,700 square meters,” said Feng Hao, who is ___39___ charge of museum collections at the Capital Museum. With a daily capacity of 6,000 visitors, the new museum is designed ____40____ (combine) boats, sailing and water elements, showcasing the culture of the Grand Canal. The exhibition area consists of basic, ____41____ (theme), open, and temporary exhibition ____42____ (section). “Visitors can enjoy an interactive experience ____43____ (reflect) the themes of Beijing and the Grand Canal in the open exhibition section through ____44____ (digit) technology,” Feng said. With a history of more than 2,500 years, the Grand Canal connects Beijing and Hangzhou in East China’s Zhejiang Province, ____45____ served as a significant transportation route in ancient China. 第四部分 书面表达(共两节，满分40分) 第一节（满分15分） 46. 昨天你参观了学校举办的学生国画作品展。请给校英文报写一篇宣传稿，内容包括： 1. 展览时间、地点; 2. 观展感受; 3. 推荐观展。 注意：1. 词数80左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 She was the prettiest puppy we had ever seen, and the whole family immediately fell in love with her. We named her Onyx because of her black, shiny black coat. She spent her first vacation with us when she was only ten weeks old and had her first bath and swim in the St. Lawrence River. We had no clue that this amazing little ball of fur would end up being our hero. As she grew older, Onyx became more and more involved in our family activities. On hot summer days, Onyx enjoyed floating on the river with us in her own rubber tube (橡皮圈). Amazingly standing on the top of the tube, she smiled while showing off her perfect balance. Resting her front legs and paws over the edge of the rubber tube, she kept her eyes shut as she floated until she’d had enough of the warm sun on her black coat. One day, our eighteen-year-old daughter, Margie, announced she was going to swim across the bay. No one in the family was free to go swimming with her. The unwritten rules, regardless of swimming ability, was to have a companion in the water with you, especially when swimming the width of the bay. I was not a good swimmer, so I said to Margie, “Take Onyx with you.” Having heard her name, Onyx woke up from a nap and was ready for action. Margie signed the dog to follow her. Onyx ran to the water next to her. They entered the freezing river together and swam side by side across the bay. I watched from the bank as they reached the sandbar (沙洲) on the far shore. They rested a few minutes before diving into the water for the return trip. I felt uneasy for some reason and continued to watch the pair swim side by side. Suddenly I heard Margie calling out, “I have a cram (痉挛) in the leg! ” _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Seeing the pair approaching the riverbank, I breathed a sigh of relief. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 CACBA 6-10 CBABB 11-15 ABACA 16-20 CBACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$